JP2007308876A - Retaining wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Retaining wall and its construction method Download PDF

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JP2007308876A
JP2007308876A JP2006136071A JP2006136071A JP2007308876A JP 2007308876 A JP2007308876 A JP 2007308876A JP 2006136071 A JP2006136071 A JP 2006136071A JP 2006136071 A JP2006136071 A JP 2006136071A JP 2007308876 A JP2007308876 A JP 2007308876A
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retaining wall
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sheet pile
steel
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JP4532435B2 (en
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Katsuhiro Kanuka
鹿糠嘉津博
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KANUKA DESIGN KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely prevent the fall of a retaining wall by making the whole retaining wall exert a load bearing capacity against the earth pressure of the high ground, to reduce the amount of an excavated wall, waste earth, and earth to be refilled, and to reduce the construction period and construction cost of the retaining wall. <P>SOLUTION: A sheet pile (10) capable of being used as a form for placing concrete, and a steel material (20) for a spacer which maintains an interval between a support (2) and the sheet pile (10) are buried in the high ground (HG) near the support. Soil (MG) on the low-ground side of the sheet pile is removed for the construction of an arranged bar (3a) of a wall body (3) and a form (9). The concrete (8) is placed between the sheet pile and the form, so that the retaining wall (1) of a reinforced concrete structure in which a column-set-up portion (2b) of the support and the steel material for the spacer are embedded can be constructed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、擁壁及びその施工方法に関するものであり、より詳細には、大型フーチングの省略を可能にするとともに、高い剛性を発揮する湿式工法の擁壁及びその施工方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a retaining wall and a construction method thereof, and more particularly, to a retaining wall of a wet construction method and a construction method thereof that enable a large footing to be omitted and exhibit high rigidity.

高さ2mを超える切土、或いは、高さ1mを超える盛土等によって生じる崖や、急傾斜地又は水路等の如く高低差が生じる地盤においては、地盤の崩壊を防止する擁壁を設置する必要が生じる。この種の擁壁は、鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体、或いは、プレキャスト製品又はコンクリートブロックを組積した壁体からなる。   It is necessary to install a retaining wall to prevent the ground from collapsing on cliffs caused by cuts exceeding 2m in height, embankments exceeding 1m in height, etc. Arise. This type of retaining wall consists of a reinforced concrete wall or a wall made of precast products or concrete blocks.

このような擁壁は、通常は、全体的にL型断面又はT型断面に設計され、比較的大型の基礎フーチングが、擁壁底部に形成される。基礎フーチングは、擁壁に作用する荷重(土圧)及び擁壁の自重を支持地盤に伝達する広範な接地面積を有するとともに、擁壁の転倒を防止するように機能する。   Such retaining walls are usually designed with an overall L-shaped or T-shaped cross section, and a relatively large foundation footing is formed at the bottom of the retaining wall. The foundation footing has a wide contact area for transmitting the load acting on the retaining wall (earth pressure) and the weight of the retaining wall to the supporting ground, and functions to prevent the retaining wall from falling.

基礎フーチングは、高地盤側に比較的大きく延びるので、擁壁施工時に高地盤を広範囲に掘削し、擁壁施工後に掘削部分を埋戻す必要が生じる。殊に、軟弱地盤に擁壁を構築する場合、非現実的に大きな基礎フーチングを設計・施工しなければならない状況が生じる。しかし、大型の基礎フーチングの施工は、基礎フーチング自体のコンクリート工事に過大な工事費を要するばかりでなく、広範な高地盤の掘削及び埋戻しの必要を生じさせ、これは、多大な掘削工事の労力、移動土量の増加、埋戻し土の非安定性等の問題につながる。また、施工現場の環境、地層、地形、地盤性状又は施工条件等によっては、大型の基礎フーチングを施工し難い状態が生じる。   Since the foundation footing extends relatively large toward the high ground side, it is necessary to excavate the high ground extensively during the retaining wall construction and backfill the excavated portion after the retaining wall construction. In particular, when a retaining wall is constructed on soft ground, there arises a situation where a large foundation footing must be designed and constructed unrealistically. However, the construction of large foundation footings not only requires excessive construction costs for the concrete work of the foundation footings themselves, but also necessitates extensive excavation and backfilling of the ground. It leads to problems such as labor, increase of moving soil, and instability of backfill soil. In addition, depending on the environment at the construction site, the strata, the topography, the ground properties, or the construction conditions, it may be difficult to construct a large-scale foundation footing.

このような基礎フーチング施工の問題を解消すべく、地山側に荷重を付加して親杭に予め非転倒側の曲げモーメントを付与するように構成された乾式工法の擁壁構造が、特許第2824217号掲載公報に開示されている。この擁壁は、地山側に錘構築用の溝を掘削して鉄筋コンクリート構造の錘又は梁を溝内に形成するとともに、この錘と擁壁直下の親杭とを支持梁で連結した構造を有し、親杭の間には、PC版等の土留め壁が形成される。このような擁壁構造によれば、錘の荷重によって親杭に非転倒側(安全側)の曲げモーメントが作用するとともに、地盤に対する支持梁及び錘の粘着力及び摩擦力によって擁壁の耐力を増大し、これにより、基礎フーチングの施工を省略し得るかもしれない。
特許第2824217号掲載公報
In order to solve such a problem of foundation footing construction, a retaining wall structure of a dry construction method configured to apply a load to the ground and to apply a bending moment on the non-falling side to the parent pile in advance is Japanese Patent No. 28824217. It is disclosed in the issue publication. This retaining wall has a structure in which a weight building or beam of reinforced concrete structure is formed in the groove by drilling a weight construction groove on the natural ground side, and this weight is connected to the parent pile directly under the retaining wall with a support beam. However, a retaining wall such as a PC plate is formed between the parent piles. According to such a retaining wall structure, a bending moment on the non-falling side (safe side) acts on the parent pile due to the load of the weight, and the strength of the retaining wall is improved by the adhesive force and frictional force of the supporting beam and the weight against the ground. This may increase the construction of the foundation footing.
Patent No. 2824217

しかしながら、上記特許文献1の擁壁は、親杭(鋼材)の下端部を地中に埋込み、親杭上部の間に壁体構成要素(PC版等)を掛け渡す乾式工法の擁壁であるにすぎず、高地盤の土圧および壁体構成要素の自重は、壁体の変形と、親杭及び壁体構成要素の係止部に生じる反力とによって、吸収し又は支持し得るにすぎない。   However, the retaining wall of Patent Document 1 is a retaining wall of a dry construction method in which a lower end portion of a main pile (steel material) is embedded in the ground and a wall element (such as a PC plate) is spanned between the upper portions of the main pile. However, the earth pressure of the high ground and the weight of the wall component can only be absorbed or supported by the deformation of the wall and the reaction force generated in the locking portion of the parent pile and the wall component. Absent.

殊に、上記特許文献1の擁壁では、親杭の上部から高地盤側に鋼製ブラケットを突出させ、ブラケットの先端部に錘を構築することによって、非転倒側のモーメントを擁壁に与えているが、ブラケットは、線型部材であり、しかも、ブラケット及び親杭の接合部は、ピン支持の支点であるにすぎず、このため、地盤の摩擦力を効果的に利用することはできない。   In particular, in the retaining wall of the above-mentioned patent document 1, a steel bracket is projected from the upper part of the main pile to the high ground side, and a weight is constructed at the tip of the bracket to give a non-falling moment to the retaining wall. However, the bracket is a linear member, and the joint between the bracket and the parent pile is only a fulcrum for pin support, and therefore the frictional force of the ground cannot be effectively used.

上記特許文献1の擁壁は又、親杭(山留め工事(仮設工事)に使用されるH型鋼材)と、鋼製ブラケットと、PC版等の面材とを組付けた構造を有するにすぎず、各構成要素を剛体として一体化したものではない。このため、このような擁壁の構造によっては、擁壁全体で土圧に耐える効果は、得られない。しかも、軸組部材として鋼材を用いた特許文献1の擁壁では、鋼材の発錆を回避し難く、擁壁の耐用年数の点においても、これを改善すべき必要がある。   The retaining wall of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 also has a structure in which a main pile (H-shaped steel material used for mountain retaining work (temporary work)), a steel bracket, and a face plate such as a PC plate are assembled. Each component is not integrated as a rigid body. For this reason, depending on the structure of such a retaining wall, the effect of enduring earth pressure in the entire retaining wall cannot be obtained. In addition, the retaining wall of Patent Document 1 using steel as the shaft assembly member is difficult to avoid rusting of the steel material, and this needs to be improved in terms of the service life of the retaining wall.

また、このような擁壁を傾斜地盤に構築する場合、施工時の地盤崩壊等を防止すべく、傾斜地盤に山留め用の矢板を圧入する必要が比較的頻繁に生じる。例えば、このような傾斜地盤に場所打ちコンクリートの湿式擁壁を施工する場合、矢板の外側(低地盤側)にコンクリート打設用の型枠を建込む必要が生じる。矢板及び型枠は、擁壁構築後に地盤から引き抜かれ、或いは、地盤に埋め殺される。このように矢板及び型枠の双方を施工することは、工期を長期化し、工事費を高額化するので、これを改善する対策が望まれる。   Further, when such a retaining wall is constructed on an inclined ground, it is necessary to press-fit a pile sheet pile to the inclined ground in order to prevent ground collapse at the time of construction. For example, when constructing a wet retaining wall of cast-in-place concrete on such an inclined ground, it is necessary to lay a formwork for placing concrete on the outside (low ground side) of the sheet pile. The sheet pile and the formwork are pulled out from the ground after the retaining wall is constructed or buried in the ground. Since constructing both the sheet pile and the formwork in this way lengthens the construction period and increases the construction cost, measures to improve this are desired.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、擁壁の各構成要素を一体化し、高地盤の土圧に抗する耐力を擁壁全体として効果的且つ長期に発揮するとともに、掘削土、廃土及び埋戻し土の量を削減し、しかも、擁壁の転倒を確実に防止することができる擁壁及びその施工方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to integrate the constituent elements of the retaining wall, and to effectively withstand the earth pressure of the high ground as a whole retaining wall. It is another object of the present invention to provide a retaining wall that can be used for a long period of time, reduce the amount of excavated soil, waste soil, and backfill soil, and reliably prevent the retaining wall from falling over, and a construction method therefor.

本発明は又、矢板及び型枠の少なくとも一方を省略して、擁壁の工期を短縮し且つ工事費を低廉化することができる擁壁及びその施工方法を提供することを目的とする。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall and a method for constructing the retaining wall that can reduce the construction period of the retaining wall and reduce the construction cost by omitting at least one of the sheet pile and the formwork.

本発明は、上記目的を達成すべく、高地盤の土圧を支持し、高地盤の崩壊を阻止する擁壁において、
所定の耐力を有する地盤の支持層に支持された杭部分と、低地盤の地盤面から上方に延びる立柱部分とを一体化した中空の鋼製支柱と、
該鋼製支柱の高地盤側に埋入し且つコンクリート打設用型枠として使用される矢板と、
前記支柱及び矢板の間の間隔を保持するように前記鋼製支柱と前記矢板との間に介挿したスペーサと、
複数の前記立柱部分及び前記スペーサを埋め込んだ鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体とを備え、
前記支柱は、擁壁の壁芯方向に間隔を隔てて配置されたことを特徴とする擁壁を提供する。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention supports the earth pressure of the high ground and prevents the collapse of the high ground.
A hollow steel column that integrates a pile portion supported by a support layer of the ground having a predetermined strength and a vertical column portion extending upward from the ground surface of the low ground,
A sheet pile embedded in the high ground side of the steel support and used as a concrete placement form;
A spacer interposed between the steel column and the sheet pile so as to maintain a gap between the column and the sheet pile,
A plurality of vertical pillar portions and a wall of a reinforced concrete structure embedded with the spacer,
The support columns are provided with a retaining wall that is disposed at an interval in a wall core direction of the retaining wall.

本発明は又、高地盤の土圧を支持し、高地盤の崩壊を阻止する擁壁の施工方法において、
壁芯方向に間隔を隔てて複数の鋼管を前記高地盤に埋入し、前記鋼管の下端部を地盤の支持層に到達せしめ、前記鋼管によって複数の中空支柱を形成する支柱施工工程と、
コンクリート打設用型枠として使用可能な矢板と、支柱及び矢板の間の間隔を保持するスペーサ用鋼材とを前記支柱の近傍で前記高地盤に埋入する矢板・スペーサ施工工程と、
前記矢板の低地盤側の土壌を撤去し、前記擁壁の壁体の配筋を施工するとともに、前記支柱の低地盤側に型枠を建込む配筋・型枠工程と、
前記型枠の上部から前記矢板及び型枠の間にコンクリートを打設し、低地盤の地盤面から上方に延びる立柱部分と前記スペーサ用鋼材とを埋め込んだ鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体を構築するコンクリート打設工程とを有することを特徴とする擁壁の施工方法を提供する。
The present invention also supports the earth pressure of the high ground, in the construction method of the retaining wall that prevents the collapse of the high ground,
A column construction step of embedding a plurality of steel pipes in the high ground at intervals in the wall core direction, allowing the lower end of the steel pipe to reach a support layer of the ground, and forming a plurality of hollow columns with the steel pipes,
A sheet pile that can be used as a formwork for placing concrete, and a steel sheet for spacers that maintain a space between the columns and the sheet piles, and a sheet pile / spacer construction process for embedding in the high ground near the columns.
Removing the soil on the low ground side of the sheet pile, constructing the reinforcement of the wall of the retaining wall, and arranging and forming a frame on the low ground side of the column;
Concrete is placed between the sheet pile and the formwork from the upper part of the formwork to construct a wall of a reinforced concrete structure in which the standing column portion extending upward from the ground surface of the low ground and the steel for the spacer are embedded. A retaining wall construction method characterized by comprising an installation step.

本発明の上記構成によれば、支柱の下部は、鋼製杭を構成し、支柱の上部は、壁体内の立柱を構成する。高地盤の土圧は、主として壁体に作用し、壁体に作用する荷重は、支柱を介して地盤の支持層に伝達する。壁体は、土壌による腐食に耐え、比較的長期に亘って所望の耐力を維持する。   According to the said structure of this invention, the lower part of a support | pillar comprises a steel pile, and the upper part of a support | pillar comprises the standing pillar in a wall. The earth pressure of the high ground mainly acts on the wall body, and the load acting on the wall body is transmitted to the ground support layer through the support. The wall body resists corrosion by soil and maintains a desired strength for a relatively long time.

本発明の擁壁は、高地盤側に延びる大型フーチングを省略した構成を備えるので、施工において、支柱及び壁体を施工可能な範囲のみを掘削すれば良く、しかも、矢板の低地盤側の土壌のみを壁体施工のために掘削すれば良い。従って、本発明によれば、地盤掘削の工程及び労力を短縮又は軽減し、掘削土、廃土及び埋戻し土の量を削減することができる。掘削土量の削減は、移動土量の減少や、埋戻し土の非安定性に伴う課題を同時に解消するので、実務的に極めて有利である。   Since the retaining wall of the present invention has a configuration in which large footings extending to the high ground side are omitted, in the construction, it is only necessary to excavate only the range where the pillars and the wall body can be constructed, and the soil on the low ground side of the sheet pile Only excavate for wall construction. Therefore, according to the present invention, the ground excavation process and labor can be shortened or reduced, and the amount of excavated soil, waste soil, and backfill soil can be reduced. The reduction of the excavated soil volume is extremely advantageous in practice because it simultaneously eliminates the problems associated with the reduction of the moving soil volume and the instability of the backfill soil.

また、本発明の擁壁は、フーチングを施工困難な地形に適用し得るので、擁壁の適用範囲は、大きく拡大する。また、支柱及び壁体は一体化するので、擁壁は、高地盤の土圧に抗する耐力を擁壁全体として効果的且つ長期に発揮し、擁壁の転倒は、確実に防止することができる   Moreover, since the retaining wall of this invention can apply footing to the terrain where construction is difficult, the applicable range of a retaining wall expands greatly. In addition, since the struts and the wall body are integrated, the retaining wall effectively demonstrates the strength against the earth pressure of the high ground as the entire retaining wall for a long time, and it is possible to reliably prevent the retaining wall from falling. it can

更に、本発明において、矢板は、壁体施工用の高地盤側型枠を兼ねる。従って、高地盤側型枠の施工を省略し得るので、擁壁の工期を短縮するとともに、工事費を低廉化することができる。   Furthermore, in this invention, a sheet pile serves as the high ground side formwork for wall construction. Therefore, since the construction of the high ground side formwork can be omitted, the construction period of the retaining wall can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

本発明の擁壁及びその施工方法によれば、擁壁の各構成要素を一体化し、高地盤の土圧に抗する耐力を擁壁全体として効果的且つ長期に発揮するとともに、掘削土、廃土及び埋戻し土の量を削減し、しかも、擁壁の転倒を防止することができる。   According to the retaining wall and its construction method of the present invention, each component of the retaining wall is integrated, and the proof strength against the earth pressure of the high ground is exhibited effectively and in the long term as well as excavated soil, waste The amount of soil and backfill soil can be reduced, and the retaining wall can be prevented from falling.

また、本発明の擁壁及びその施工方法によれば、矢板及び型枠の少なくとも一方を省略して、擁壁の工期を短縮し且つ工事費を低廉化することができる。   Moreover, according to the retaining wall and the construction method of the present invention, at least one of the sheet pile and the formwork can be omitted, the construction period of the retaining wall can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

本発明の好適な実施形態において、壁体のコンクリートは、矢板及び型枠の間の領域に充填されるだけではなく、上記支柱の内部中空域にも同時に充填される。コンクリートを充填した支柱は、中空鋼材とコンクリートとの相互拘束効果(コンファインド効果)により、高い軸圧縮耐力、曲げ耐力及び変形性能を発揮する。例えば、中空鋼材の局部座屈が充填コンクリートによって抑制され、その靱性が向上するとともに、充填コンクリートの剛性が中空鋼材に付加され、支柱全体の剛性が向上する。更には、充填コンクリートによって、鋼材内部の防錆効果が得られる。   In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wall concrete is not only filled into the region between the sheet pile and the formwork, but also filled into the internal hollow region of the column. The column filled with concrete exhibits high axial compression strength, bending strength and deformation performance due to the mutual restraint effect (confined effect) between the hollow steel material and the concrete. For example, local buckling of the hollow steel material is suppressed by the filled concrete, the toughness thereof is improved, and the rigidity of the filled concrete is added to the hollow steel material, thereby improving the rigidity of the entire column. Furthermore, the rust prevention effect inside steel materials is acquired by filling concrete.

好ましくは、上記支柱は、下端部を板体等で予め閉塞した鋼管からなる。下端部の閉塞により、地中埋入時に土砂が鋼管内に進入するのを防止することができる。所望により、鋼管は、地中埋入を推進する掘削刃を先端部(下端部)に備えた回転貫入式の鋼製埋設杭からなる。   Preferably, the support column is made of a steel pipe whose lower end is previously closed with a plate or the like. By blocking the lower end, it is possible to prevent earth and sand from entering the steel pipe when buried underground. If desired, the steel pipe is composed of a rotary penetrating steel buried pile having a drilling blade that promotes underground embedding at the tip (lower end).

更に好ましくは、壁体下部の断面を拡大してなる布基礎又は地中梁が、壁体下部に形成される。布基礎又は地中梁は、壁体に沿って連続し、支柱は、布基礎又は地中梁を垂直に貫通する。   More preferably, a cloth foundation or an underground beam formed by enlarging the cross section of the lower part of the wall body is formed in the lower part of the wall body. The fabric foundation or underground beam continues along the wall, and the struts vertically penetrate the fabric foundation or underground beam.

好適には、上記スペーサは、上記支柱に固着した鋼材からなる。高地盤の土圧は、矢板及びスペーサ用鋼材を介して、少なくとも部分的に支柱に伝達し、支柱によって支持される。支柱は、地盤側圧を支持する矢板の支保工として機能するので、矢板のための支保工の施工を省略し又は簡略化することができる。所望により、鉄筋挿通孔がスペーサ用鋼材又は支柱鋼管に形成され、壁体の配筋を構成する鉄筋は、鋼材又は支柱の鉄筋挿通孔を貫通する。   Preferably, the spacer is made of a steel material fixed to the support column. The earth pressure of the high ground is at least partially transmitted to the support via the sheet pile and the spacer steel, and is supported by the support. Since the column functions as a support for the sheet pile that supports the ground side pressure, the support work for the sheet pile can be omitted or simplified. If desired, a reinforcing bar insertion hole is formed in the spacer steel material or the column steel pipe, and the reinforcing bar constituting the reinforcement of the wall body penetrates the reinforcing bar insertion hole of the steel material or the column.

好ましくは、鋼管の直径は、コンクリート充填時の施工性を考慮し、150mm以上の寸法に設定される。好適には、壁体の壁厚は、200mm以上の寸法に設定される。構造計算上、壁体の壁厚に比べて鋼管の直径が過大な場合には、鋼管を埋設する壁体部分の断面を局所的に拡大しても良い。   Preferably, the diameter of the steel pipe is set to a dimension of 150 mm or more in consideration of workability during concrete filling. Preferably, the wall thickness of the wall body is set to a dimension of 200 mm or more. In the structural calculation, when the diameter of the steel pipe is excessive as compared with the wall thickness of the wall body, the cross section of the wall body portion in which the steel pipe is embedded may be locally enlarged.

以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の好適な実施例について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1は、本発明の擁壁の基本構成を示す横断面図であり、図2は、擁壁の側面側及び正面側の部分立面図である。また、図3は、図1のI−I線、II−II線及びIII−III線における断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration of a retaining wall according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial elevation view of a side surface and a front side of the retaining wall. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines II, II-II, and III-III in FIG.

図1に示す如く、擁壁1は、高地盤HGの地形に相応した平面形態に配置され、左右の端部が高地盤HG側に屈曲している。擁壁1は、高地盤HGを囲み、低地盤LG側への高地盤HGの崩壊又は崩落を阻止する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the retaining wall 1 is arranged in a planar form corresponding to the topography of the high ground HG, and the left and right ends are bent toward the high ground HG. The retaining wall 1 surrounds the high ground HG and prevents the high ground HG from collapsing or collapsing toward the low ground LG.

擁壁1は、壁芯方向に所定間隔を隔てて配置された円形断面の鋼製垂直支柱2と、鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体3とから構成される。支柱2の上部は、壁体3内に埋設され、支柱2の下部は、地中に貫入する。壁体3の下部は、断面が拡大され、断面拡大部分は、擁壁1の壁芯に沿って壁長方向に延びる鉄筋コンクリート構造の布基礎又は地中梁4(以下、「布基礎等4」という。)を構成する。布基礎等4は、壁体3の基礎を構成するとともに、支柱2を相互連結するように機能する。   The retaining wall 1 includes a steel vertical column 2 having a circular cross section disposed at a predetermined interval in the wall core direction, and a wall body 3 having a reinforced concrete structure. The upper part of the support column 2 is embedded in the wall body 3, and the lower part of the support column 2 penetrates into the ground. The lower portion of the wall body 3 has an enlarged cross section, and the enlarged cross section is a reinforced concrete structure cloth foundation or underground beam 4 (hereinafter referred to as “cloth foundation etc. 4”) extending in the wall length direction along the wall core of the retaining wall 1. That is). The cloth foundation 4 functions as a base of the wall body 3 and interconnects the support columns 2.

支柱2、壁体3及び布基礎等4は、高地盤HGの土圧に耐える一体的な土留め壁を構成する。支柱2の下端部は、支持層Sに達する。擁壁1に作用する土圧、地震力等の鉛直荷重及び水平荷重と、擁壁1の自重とは、擁壁1と地盤Gとの間に作用する摩擦力、布基礎等4が接地する地盤Gの地盤耐力、支柱2の地中部分と地盤Gとの摩擦力、更には、支柱2に対する支持層Sの支持力によって支持される。   The support 2, the wall body 3, and the fabric foundation 4 constitute an integral earth retaining wall that can withstand the earth pressure of the high ground HG. The lower end portion of the support column 2 reaches the support layer S. The vertical load and horizontal load such as earth pressure and seismic force acting on the retaining wall 1 and the weight of the retaining wall 1 are the frictional force acting between the retaining wall 1 and the ground G, and the cloth foundation 4 is grounded. It is supported by the ground strength of the ground G, the frictional force between the underground portion of the support 2 and the ground G, and the support force of the support layer S on the support 2.

図1に示す如く、擁壁1の屈曲部には、所望により、コンクリート増打ち等のフカシ部5が形成される。図3(C)に示す如く、低地盤LGの地盤面に高低差が生じる場合には、低地盤LGの地盤面に相応するように布基礎等4のレベルを段階的又は連続的に変化させることが望ましい。   As shown in FIG. 1, the bent portion of the retaining wall 1 is formed with a fuzzy portion 5 such as a concrete beating-up if desired. As shown in FIG. 3 (C), when a level difference occurs on the ground surface of the low ground LG, the level of the cloth foundation 4 is changed stepwise or continuously so as to correspond to the ground surface of the low ground LG. It is desirable.

図4は、擁壁1の断面構造を示す縦断面図、IV−IV線断面図及び支柱部分拡大断面図である。   FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a sectional structure of the retaining wall 1, a sectional view taken along line IV-IV, and an enlarged sectional view of a column portion.

支柱2は、均一な円形断面の鋼管からなり、支柱2の下部(杭部分2a)は、地中に埋入される。支柱2の下端部は、好ましくは、N値10以上の支持層Sに達する。支柱2の下端開口は、円形盲板6によって閉塞される。支柱2の上部(立柱部分2b)は、概ね高地盤Gの地盤面のレベルまで低地盤LGから上方に突出する。支柱2の内部中空域には、コンクリート8が充填される。支柱2を構成する鋼管の直径は、好ましくは、100mm〜300mmの範囲に設定される。コンリクリート充填の施工性を考慮し、鋼管の直径を150mm以上に設定することが望ましい。本例では、鋼管の直径は、約170mmに設定されている。   The support column 2 is made of a steel pipe having a uniform circular cross section, and the lower portion (pile portion 2a) of the support column 2 is buried in the ground. The lower end portion of the support column 2 preferably reaches the support layer S having an N value of 10 or more. The lower end opening of the column 2 is closed by the circular blind plate 6. The upper part (standing column part 2b) of the support column 2 protrudes upward from the low ground LG to the level of the ground surface of the high ground G. Concrete 8 is filled in the internal hollow region of the column 2. The diameter of the steel pipe constituting the support column 2 is preferably set in the range of 100 mm to 300 mm. In consideration of the workability of filling concrete, it is desirable to set the diameter of the steel pipe to 150 mm or more. In this example, the diameter of the steel pipe is set to about 170 mm.

壁体3は、縦横の壁筋3aを配筋した鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体からなる。壁体3の壁厚は、好ましくは、250mm〜750mmの範囲に設定される。本例では、壁体3の壁厚は、400mmに設定されている。壁筋3aとして、D10〜D25程度の汎用の異形鉄筋が使用され、壁筋間隔は、100mm〜300mm程度に設定される。本例では、壁筋3aとして、D13の異形鉄筋が使用され、壁筋3aの間隔は、250mm に設定されている。壁筋3aを構成する縦筋は、布基礎等4内に延び、布基礎等4のコンクリートに定着する。   The wall body 3 is a wall body of a reinforced concrete structure in which vertical and horizontal wall bars 3a are arranged. The wall thickness of the wall body 3 is preferably set in the range of 250 mm to 750 mm. In this example, the wall thickness of the wall body 3 is set to 400 mm. As the wall reinforcement 3a, general-purpose deformed reinforcing bars of about D10 to D25 are used, and the wall reinforcement interval is set to about 100 mm to 300 mm. In this example, a deformed reinforcing bar of D13 is used as the wall reinforcement 3a, and the interval between the wall reinforcements 3a is set to 250 mm. The vertical bars constituting the wall bars 3 a extend into the cloth foundation 4 and are fixed to the concrete of the cloth foundation 4.

矢板10が、壁体3の裏面側の土壌に埋め殺される。矢板10は、コンクリート矢板(PC矢板)、木矢板、鋼矢板等の任意の矢板からなる。矢板10は、地盤Gの土留め用面材として使用されるとともに、壁体3及び布基礎4のコンクリート打設用型枠として使用される。所望により、透水マット等を適所に配置しても良い。   The sheet pile 10 is buried in the soil on the back side of the wall 3. The sheet pile 10 consists of arbitrary sheet piles, such as a concrete sheet pile (PC sheet pile), a wood sheet pile, a steel sheet pile. The sheet pile 10 is used as a surface material for earth retaining of the ground G, and is also used as a concrete placement form for the wall body 3 and the cloth foundation 4. If desired, a water-permeable mat or the like may be disposed at an appropriate place.

布基礎等4は、壁芯方向に延びる主筋4aと、主筋4aを囲むスタラップ筋4bとを配筋した鉄筋コンクリート構造の梁型部材からなり、布基礎等4の下面は、捨てコンクリート及び採石等によって整地した掘削地盤面に接地する。主筋4aとして、D13〜D25程度の汎用の異形鉄筋を使用し、スタラップ筋4bとして、D10〜D13程度の汎用の異形鉄筋を使用することができる。本例では、主筋4a及びスタラップ筋4bとして、いずれもD13の異形鉄筋が使用されている。布基礎等4の幅Wは、一般には、400〜1000mm程度に設定され、本例では、500mmに設定されている。布基礎等4の高さDは、一般には、200〜600mm程度に設定され、本例では、250mmに設定されている。   The fabric foundation 4 is composed of a reinforced concrete beam-type member in which main bars 4a extending in the direction of the wall core and stirrup bars 4b surrounding the main bars 4a are arranged. Make contact with the leveled excavated ground surface. A general-purpose deformed reinforcing bar of about D13 to D25 can be used as the main reinforcing bar 4a, and a general-purpose deformed reinforcing bar of about D10 to D13 can be used as the stirrup muscle 4b. In this example, a deformed reinforcing bar of D13 is used as the main muscle 4a and the stirrup muscle 4b. The width W of the fabric foundation 4 is generally set to about 400 to 1000 mm, and is set to 500 mm in this example. The height D of the fabric foundation 4 is generally set to about 200 to 600 mm, and is set to 250 mm in this example.

かくして、壁体3及び布基礎等4は、一体的な鉄筋コンクリート構造体を構成し、布基礎等4の幅Wは、従来の擁壁におけるフーチングの幅(奥行)と比べ、遥かに小さい寸法に設定される。   Thus, the wall 3 and the fabric foundation 4 constitute an integral reinforced concrete structure, and the width W of the fabric foundation 4 is much smaller than the footing width (depth) of the conventional retaining wall. Is set.

図5〜図10は、擁壁1の施工方法を示す縦断面図である。   5-10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of the retaining wall 1. FIG.

図5には、擁壁1の全施工工程が概略的に示されている。   FIG. 5 schematically shows the entire construction process of the retaining wall 1.

図5(A)に示す如く、既存の地盤Gは、高地盤HG及び低地盤LGの間に傾斜地盤MGを有し、傾斜地盤MGは、比較的急勾配の法面(傾斜面)を形成している。オーガ併用の杭打ち機等によって、杭孔が削孔され、鋼管杭15が地盤に圧入される。図6に示すように、鋼管杭15は、その先端部6が支持層Sに若干喰込む位置まで地中に埋入され、垂直な支柱2が土中に形成される。鋼管杭15の杭頭は、その頂面開口を開放した状態で高地盤HGの地盤面から僅かに上方に突出し、或いは、高地盤HGの地盤面と同等のレベルに位置する。鋼管杭15として、図5(A)に示すように先端部に掘削刃(先端スクリュー)16を備えた回転貫入式の埋設杭を使用し、鋼管杭15をパイルドライバ等の重機によって施工しても良い。   As shown in FIG. 5A, the existing ground G has an inclined ground MG between the high ground HG and the low ground LG, and the inclined ground MG forms a relatively steep slope (inclined surface). is doing. A pile hole is drilled by a pile driving machine combined with an auger, and the steel pipe pile 15 is press-fitted into the ground. As shown in FIG. 6, the steel pipe pile 15 is buried in the ground up to a position where the tip portion 6 slightly bites into the support layer S, and the vertical column 2 is formed in the soil. The pile head of the steel pipe pile 15 protrudes slightly upward from the ground surface of the high ground HG with its top opening opened, or is located at a level equivalent to the ground surface of the high ground HG. As the steel pipe pile 15, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), a rotary penetrating buried pile having a drilling blade (tip screw) 16 is used at the tip, and the steel pipe pile 15 is constructed by a heavy machine such as a pile driver. Also good.

杭打ち機は、鋼管杭15の外径よりも若干大きい内径を有する杭孔2c(図6に破線で示す)を形成しても良い。これにより、長尺のスペーサ用鋼材20(図5(B))を比較的容易に土中に圧入可能又は挿入可能な脆弱土壌又は間隙が、支柱2廻りに形成される。   The pile driving machine may form a pile hole 2c (shown by a broken line in FIG. 6) having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe pile 15. As a result, a fragile soil or a gap in which the long spacer steel 20 (FIG. 5B) can be press-fitted or inserted into the soil relatively easily is formed around the support column 2.

スペーサ用鋼材20は、図5(B)に示す如く、高地盤HGの地盤面から支柱2に近接して土中に圧入される。更に、山留め用矢板10が、図5(C)に示す如く、支柱2から所定間隔を隔てた位置において高地盤HGの地盤面から地盤Gに圧入される。鋼材20及び矢板10を地盤Gに圧入した状態が図7に示されている。鋼材20には、鉄筋(水平配筋)を挿通可能な複数の円形孔23が予め穿孔されている。なお、図5(B)及び図5(C)には、矢板10を地盤Gに圧入した後に鋼材20を地盤Gに圧入する工程が示されているが、矢板10を地盤Gに圧入した後に鋼材20を地盤Gに圧入しても良い。   As shown in FIG. 5B, the spacer steel material 20 is pressed into the soil in the vicinity of the support column 2 from the ground surface of the high ground HG. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), the pile sheet pile 10 is press-fitted into the ground G from the ground surface of the high ground HG at a position spaced apart from the support column 2 by a predetermined distance. A state in which the steel material 20 and the sheet pile 10 are press-fitted into the ground G is shown in FIG. A plurality of circular holes 23 through which reinforcing bars (horizontal reinforcing bars) can be inserted are drilled in the steel material 20 in advance. 5 (B) and FIG. 5 (C) show the step of press-fitting the steel material 20 into the ground G after press-fitting the sheet pile 10 into the ground G, but after press-fitting the sheet pile 10 into the ground G. The steel material 20 may be pressed into the ground G.

傾斜地盤MGが低地盤LGの側から掘削され、支柱2、矢板10及び鋼材20は、図5(D)に示すように低地盤LG側に露出する。傾斜地盤MGは、矢板10の土留め効果によって比較的容易に掘削することができる。容易に理解し得るように、擁壁1の施工においては、従来の擁壁施工方法と異なり、フーチング施工のために高地盤HGを大きく掘削することを要しない。   The inclined ground MG is excavated from the low ground LG side, and the support column 2, the sheet pile 10 and the steel material 20 are exposed to the low ground LG side as shown in FIG. The inclined ground MG can be excavated relatively easily by the earth retaining effect of the sheet pile 10. As can be easily understood, the construction of the retaining wall 1 does not require large excavation of the high ground HG for the footing construction, unlike the conventional retaining wall construction method.

図8には、傾斜地盤MGを掘削して矢板10及び鋼材20を露出させた状態が示されている。矢板10及び鋼材20の頂部は、支柱2の頂部から所定寸法だけ上方に突出する。低地盤LGの地盤面は、矢板10及び鋼材20の下端部が低地盤LG側に露出するように溝状に掘削される。矢板10に沿って掘削した溝の底部は、捨てコンクリート及び採石等によって整地される。   FIG. 8 shows a state in which the inclined ground MG is excavated to expose the sheet pile 10 and the steel material 20. The tops of the sheet pile 10 and the steel material 20 protrude upward from the top of the support column 2 by a predetermined dimension. The ground surface of the low ground LG is excavated in a groove shape so that the lower ends of the sheet pile 10 and the steel material 20 are exposed to the low ground LG side. The bottom of the groove excavated along the sheet pile 10 is leveled by discarded concrete, quarrying, or the like.

図9は、鋼材20の構造を部分拡大して示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。   FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view showing a partially enlarged structure of the steel material 20.

鋼材20は、ウェブ部分21及びフランジ部分22を有するCT形鋼材(カットティー形鋼材)からなる。壁筋3a(仮想線で示す)を挿通可能な複数の円形孔23が、所定間隔を隔ててウェブ部分21に穿孔されており、円形孔23の間隔は、壁筋3aの間隔と一致するように設定されている。   The steel material 20 is made of a CT-shaped steel material (cut tee-shaped steel material) having a web portion 21 and a flange portion 22. A plurality of circular holes 23 through which the wall bars 3a (shown by phantom lines) can be inserted are perforated in the web portion 21 at a predetermined interval, and the intervals of the circular holes 23 are equal to the intervals of the wall bars 3a. Is set to

ウェブ部分21及び支柱2は、スミ肉溶接等の固着手段25によって一体的に接合される。他方、矢板10に接するフランジ部分22の面は、矢板10に作用する土圧Pによって矢板10から受圧するので、矢板10及びフランジ部分22は、実質的に一体化する。所望により、任意の固着手段によって矢板10及びフランジ部分22を一体的に接合しても良い。   The web part 21 and the support | pillar 2 are integrally joined by the fixing means 25, such as a fillet welding. On the other hand, the surface of the flange portion 22 in contact with the sheet pile 10 is received from the sheet pile 10 by the earth pressure P acting on the sheet pile 10, so that the sheet pile 10 and the flange portion 22 are substantially integrated. If desired, the sheet pile 10 and the flange portion 22 may be integrally joined by any fixing means.

図10に示す如く、壁体3及び布基礎等4の壁筋3a、主筋4a及びスタラップ筋4bが配筋され、コンクリート工事用の型枠9が低地盤側に建込まれる。水平方向の壁筋(横筋)3aは、鋼材20の円形孔23(図9)に挿通される。所望により、図9に破線で示す如く、コンクリートとの付着強度を増大するスタッド又は垂直リブ等の突出部材27を支柱2に取付け又は形成し、或いは、補強用鉄筋28を垂直又はフープ状に支柱2廻りに配筋しても良い。   As shown in FIG. 10, wall reinforcement 3a, main reinforcement 4a, and stirrup reinforcement 4b of wall body 3 and cloth foundation 4 are arranged, and formwork 9 for concrete work is built on the low ground side. The horizontal wall bars (lateral bars) 3a are inserted through the circular holes 23 (FIG. 9) of the steel material 20. If desired, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 9, a protruding member 27 such as a stud or a vertical rib that increases the adhesion strength with concrete is attached to or formed on the column 2, or reinforcing reinforcing bars 28 are vertically or hoop-shaped. You may arrange the bars around two times.

図5(E)に示すように配筋・型枠の施工が完了した後、流動状態のコンクリート8が支柱2の上方から型枠9及び矢板10の間に流し込まれる。コンクリート8は、型枠9及び矢板10の間に充填されるのみならず、支柱2の頂部開口を介して支柱2内に流入し、支柱2の内部中空域に充填される。   As shown in FIG. 5 (E), after the arrangement of reinforcement and formwork is completed, the concrete 8 in a fluid state is poured between the formwork 9 and the sheet pile 10 from above the support column 2. The concrete 8 is not only filled between the mold 9 and the sheet pile 10, but also flows into the pillar 2 through the top opening of the pillar 2 and fills the internal hollow region of the pillar 2.

コンクリート8の硬化後に型枠9を解体し、掘削土を布基礎等4廻りに埋戻すことにより、図4及び図5(F)に示すように擁壁1が完成する。なお、矢板10は、地盤Gに埋め殺される。   After the concrete 8 is hardened, the formwork 9 is disassembled, and the excavated soil is backfilled around the cloth foundation 4 and the like, whereby the retaining wall 1 is completed as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. The sheet pile 10 is buried in the ground G.

図11は、スペーサ用鋼材20の変形例を示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。   FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view showing a modification of the steel material 20 for spacers.

図11に示すスペーサ用鋼材20は、平板状鋼材又は鋼製フラットバーからなり、溶接等の固着手段25によって支柱2に一体的に接合される。壁筋貫通用の円形孔23は、所定間隔を隔てて支柱2の管壁に穿孔される。円形孔23の間隔は、壁筋3aの間隔と一致するように設定される。   A spacer steel material 20 shown in FIG. 11 is formed of a flat steel material or a steel flat bar, and is integrally joined to the support column 2 by fixing means 25 such as welding. The circular holes 23 for penetrating the wall bars are drilled in the tube wall of the support column 2 at a predetermined interval. The interval between the circular holes 23 is set to coincide with the interval between the wall bars 3a.

図12は、スペーサ用鋼材20の他の変形例を示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。   FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view showing another modified example of the spacer steel material 20.

図12に示すスペーサ用鋼材20は、垂直方向に延びる棒鋼30と、水平方向に延びる等辺山形鋼(アングル形鋼)31とから構成される。棒鋼30は、溶接等の固着手段35によって支柱2に一体的に接合される。山型鋼31は、一方の辺部分が溶接等の固着手段36によって棒鋼30に一体的に接合され、他方の辺部分が、矢板10に接する。   The spacer steel material 20 shown in FIG. 12 includes a steel bar 30 extending in the vertical direction and an equilateral mountain steel (angled steel) 31 extending in the horizontal direction. The steel bar 30 is integrally joined to the support column 2 by fixing means 35 such as welding. The angle steel 31 is integrally joined to the steel bar 30 at one side portion by fixing means 36 such as welding, and the other side portion is in contact with the sheet pile 10.

山形鋼31は、土圧Pによって矢板10から受圧するので、矢板10及び山形鋼31は、実質的に一体化する。山形鋼31として、50mm×50mm以上の寸法のものを好ましく使用し得る。所望により、任意の固着手段によって矢板10及びフランジ部分22を一体的に接合しても良い。必要に応じて、壁筋3aの縦筋(仮想線で示す)を挿通可能な複数の円形孔33が、所定間隔を隔てて山形鋼31に穿孔される。円形孔33の間隔は、壁筋(縦筋)3aの間隔と一致するように設定される。   Since the angle steel 31 receives pressure from the sheet pile 10 by the earth pressure P, the sheet pile 10 and the angle steel 31 are substantially integrated. As the angle steel 31, one having a size of 50 mm × 50 mm or more can be preferably used. If desired, the sheet pile 10 and the flange portion 22 may be integrally joined by any fixing means. If necessary, a plurality of circular holes 33 into which the vertical bars (indicated by phantom lines) of the wall bars 3a can be inserted are drilled in the angle steel 31 at a predetermined interval. The interval between the circular holes 33 is set to coincide with the interval between the wall bars (vertical bars) 3a.

以上説明した如く、上記構成の擁壁1によれば、擁壁1の自重及び荷重の多くは、支柱2によって支持層Sに伝達することから、従来のような大型フーチングの施工を省略することができ、しかも、施工中の高地盤HGの崩壊は、矢板20の土留め効果によって阻止される。従って、掘削範囲を最小限の範囲に制限し、掘削土、廃土及び埋戻し土の量を削減することができる。壁体3及び布基礎等4は、支柱2を相互連結し、擁壁1の剛性を全体的に向上させるとともに、高地盤HGの土圧に耐える一体的な擁壁として働く。   As described above, according to the retaining wall 1 having the above-described structure, most of the weight and load of the retaining wall 1 are transmitted to the support layer S by the support column 2, so that the conventional large footing is omitted. In addition, the collapse of the high ground HG during construction is prevented by the earth retaining effect of the sheet pile 20. Therefore, the excavation range can be limited to a minimum range, and the amount of excavated soil, waste soil, and backfill soil can be reduced. The wall body 3 and the cloth foundation 4 and the like serve as an integral retaining wall that interconnects the columns 2 and improves the rigidity of the retaining wall 1 as a whole and withstands the earth pressure of the high ground HG.

殊に、上記擁壁1においては、擁壁1に作用する水平荷重(土圧及び地震力等)の支持に支持層Sの支持力を利用するので、地震時に地盤の液状化が生じ得る軟弱地盤に本発明の擁壁1を構築した場合、従来の擁壁では達成し得なかった高い耐震性が得られるであろう。   In particular, the retaining wall 1 uses the supporting force of the supporting layer S to support horizontal loads (such as earth pressure and seismic force) acting on the retaining wall 1, so that the ground can be liquefied during an earthquake. When the retaining wall 1 of the present invention is constructed on the ground, high earthquake resistance that cannot be achieved by the conventional retaining wall will be obtained.

また、上記構成の擁壁1によれば、矢板10は、高地盤側のコンクリート型枠を兼ねる。従って、コンクリート8を施工するための高地盤側型枠の施工を省略することができる。かくして、擁壁1の工期を短縮するとともに、工事費をかなり低減することができる。   Moreover, according to the retaining wall 1 of the said structure, the sheet pile 10 serves as the concrete formwork of the high ground side. Therefore, the construction of the high ground side formwork for constructing the concrete 8 can be omitted. Thus, the construction period of the retaining wall 1 can be shortened and the construction cost can be considerably reduced.

更に、高地盤HGの土圧Pは、矢板10及びスペーサ用鋼材20を介して、少なくとも部分的に支柱2に伝達し、支柱2によって支持される。従って、支柱2は、地盤側圧を支持する矢板10の支保工として機能するので、矢板10のための支保工の施工を省略し又は簡略化することができる。   Further, the earth pressure P of the high ground HG is at least partially transmitted to the support 2 via the sheet pile 10 and the steel material 20 for spacers, and is supported by the support 2. Therefore, since the support | pillar 2 functions as a support work of the sheet pile 10 which supports the ground side pressure, the construction of the support work for the sheet pile 10 can be omitted or simplified.

以上、本発明の好適な実施例について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の範囲内で種々の変形又は変更が可能である。   The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. Is possible.

本発明の擁壁は、直線的な擁壁に限定されるものではなく、湾曲した擁壁や、角度をなして複雑に屈曲する擁壁等の各種形態の擁壁として施工することができる。   The retaining wall of the present invention is not limited to a linear retaining wall, and can be constructed as various types of retaining walls, such as a curved retaining wall and a retaining wall that is bent at an angle in a complicated manner.

また、擁壁には、水抜孔等を適所に配設しても良い。   Moreover, you may arrange | position a drain hole etc. in an appropriate place in a retaining wall.

更に、上記実施例では、円形断面の鋼管を支柱として使用したが、方形、多角形又は楕円形等の断面の鋼管を上記支柱として使用することも可能である。   Furthermore, in the said Example, although the steel pipe of circular cross section was used as a support | pillar, it is also possible to use the steel pipe of cross sections, such as a square, a polygon, or an ellipse, as said support | pillar.

本発明は、崖、急傾斜地又は水路等に施工される擁壁に適用される。本発明の擁壁は、大型フーチングの施工を必要とせず、しかも、施工中の地盤崩壊を矢板の土留め効果によって阻止するので、擁壁の施工性は、大きく改善する。また、本発明によれば、矢板は、コンクリート打設用の高地盤側型枠を兼ねる。従って、本発明は、工期短縮及び工事費低減を図る上で有利である。更に、本発明によれば、従来の擁壁では施工困難であった地盤に垂直な擁壁を施工することが可能となる。加えて、地震時に地盤の液状化が生じ得る軟弱地盤に本発明の擁壁を施工した場合、従来の擁壁では達成し得なかった高い耐震性が得られるので、本発明の有益性は顕著である。   The present invention is applied to a retaining wall constructed on a cliff, a steep slope, a water channel or the like. The retaining wall of the present invention does not require construction of a large footing and prevents the ground collapse during construction by the earth retaining effect of the sheet pile, so that the workability of the retaining wall is greatly improved. Moreover, according to this invention, a sheet pile serves as the high ground side formwork for concrete placement. Therefore, the present invention is advantageous in shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a retaining wall perpendicular to the ground, which was difficult to construct with a conventional retaining wall. In addition, when the retaining wall of the present invention is applied to soft ground where liquefaction of the ground can occur during an earthquake, high earthquake resistance that cannot be achieved with conventional retaining walls can be obtained, so the benefits of the present invention are remarkable. It is.

本発明の擁壁の基本構成を例示する横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which illustrates the basic composition of the retaining wall of this invention. 図1に示す擁壁の側面側及び正面側の部分立面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial elevational view of a side wall side and a front side of the retaining wall shown in FIG. 1. 図1のI−I線、II−II線及びIII−III線における断面図である。It is sectional drawing in the II line of FIG. 1, the II-II line, and the III-III line. 擁壁の断面構造を示す縦断面図、IV−IV線断面図及び支柱部分拡大断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cross-section of a retaining wall, IV-IV sectional view, and a support | pillar part expanded sectional view. 擁壁の施工方法を示す縦断面図であり、擁壁の全施工工程が概略的に示されている。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of a retaining wall, and the whole construction process of a retaining wall is shown schematically. 擁壁の施工方法を示す縦断面図であり、支柱施工工程が示されている。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of a retaining wall, and the support | pillar construction process is shown. 擁壁の施工方法を示す縦断面図であり、矢板・スペーサ施工工程が示されている。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of a retaining wall, and the sheet pile and spacer construction process is shown. 擁壁の施工方法を示す縦断面図であり、掘削工程が示されている。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of a retaining wall, and the excavation process is shown. スペーサ用鋼材の構造を部分拡大して示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the steel material for spacers partially expanded, and a cross-sectional view. 擁壁の施工方法を示す縦断面図であり、配筋・型枠工程が示されている。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of a retaining wall, and the bar arrangement and formwork process is shown. スペーサ用鋼材の変形例を示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view and cross-sectional view which show the modification of the steel materials for spacers. スペーサ用鋼材の他の変形例を示す縦断面図及び横断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view and cross-sectional view which show the other modification of the steel materials for spacers.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 擁壁
2 支柱
3 壁体
4 布基礎等(布基礎又は地中梁)
2a 杭部分
2b 立柱部分
10 矢板
20 スペーサ用鋼材
HG 高地盤
LG 低地盤
MG 傾斜地盤
1 Retaining wall 2 Post 3 Wall body 4 Cloth foundation, etc. (cloth foundation or underground beam)
2a Pile part 2b Vertical pillar part 10 Sheet pile 20 Steel material for spacer HG High ground LG Low ground MG Inclined ground

Claims (7)

高地盤の土圧を支持し、高地盤の崩壊を阻止する擁壁において、
所定の耐力を有する地盤の支持層に支持された杭部分と、低地盤の地盤面から上方に延びる立柱部分とを一体化した中空の鋼製支柱と、
該鋼製支柱の高地盤側に埋入し且つコンクリート打設用型枠として使用される矢板と、
前記支柱及び矢板の間の間隔を保持するように前記鋼製支柱と前記矢板との間に介挿したスペーサと、
複数の前記立柱部分及び前記スペーサを埋め込んだ鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体とを備え、
前記支柱は、擁壁の壁芯方向に間隔を隔てて配置されたことを特徴とする擁壁。
In the retaining wall that supports the earth pressure of the high ground and prevents the collapse of the high ground,
A hollow steel column that integrates a pile portion supported by a support layer of a ground having a predetermined strength and a vertical column portion extending upward from the ground surface of the low ground,
A sheet pile embedded in the high ground side of the steel support and used as a concrete placement form;
A spacer interposed between the steel strut and the sheet pile so as to maintain a gap between the strut and the sheet pile,
A plurality of vertical pillar portions and a wall of a reinforced concrete structure embedded with the spacer,
The retaining wall, wherein the support columns are arranged at intervals in the direction of the wall core of the retaining wall.
前記支柱の内部中空域にコンクリートを充填したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の擁壁。   The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein concrete is filled in an inner hollow area of the support column. 前記スペーサは、前記支柱に固着した鋼材からなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の擁壁。   The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is made of a steel material fixed to the support column. 前記壁体の下部は、布基礎又は地中梁を構成し、該布基礎又は地中梁は、前記壁体に沿って連続し、前記支柱は、前記布基礎又は地中梁を貫通することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の擁壁。   The lower part of the wall body constitutes a fabric foundation or underground beam, the fabric foundation or underground beam is continuous along the wall body, and the strut penetrates the fabric foundation or underground beam. The retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 高地盤の土圧を支持し、高地盤の崩壊を阻止する擁壁の施工方法において、
壁芯方向に間隔を隔てて複数の鋼管を前記高地盤に埋入し、前記鋼管の下端部を地盤の支持層に到達せしめ、前記鋼管によって複数の中空支柱を形成する支柱施工工程と、
コンクリート打設用型枠として使用可能な矢板と、支柱及び矢板の間の間隔を保持するスペーサ用鋼材とを前記支柱の近傍で前記高地盤に埋入する矢板・スペーサ施工工程と、
前記矢板の低地盤側の土壌を撤去し、前記擁壁の壁体の配筋を施工するとともに、前記支柱の低地盤側に型枠を建込む配筋・型枠工程と、
前記型枠の上部から前記矢板及び型枠の間にコンクリートを打設し、低地盤の地盤面から上方に延びる立柱部分と前記スペーサ用鋼材とを埋め込んだ鉄筋コンクリート構造の壁体を構築するコンクリート打設工程とを有することを特徴とする擁壁の施工方法。
In the construction method of the retaining wall that supports the earth pressure of the high ground and prevents the collapse of the high ground,
A column construction step of embedding a plurality of steel pipes in the high ground at intervals in the wall core direction, allowing the lower end of the steel pipe to reach a support layer of the ground, and forming a plurality of hollow columns with the steel pipes,
A sheet pile that can be used as a formwork for placing concrete, and a steel sheet for spacers that maintain a space between the columns and the sheet piles, and a sheet pile / spacer construction process for embedding in the high ground near the columns.
Removing the soil on the low ground side of the sheet pile, constructing the reinforcement of the wall of the retaining wall, and arranging and forming a frame on the low ground side of the column;
Concrete is placed between the sheet pile and the formwork from the upper part of the formwork to construct a wall of a reinforced concrete structure in which the standing column portion extending upward from the ground surface of the low ground and the steel for the spacer are embedded. A retaining wall construction method comprising: an installation step.
前記コンクリート打設工程において前記矢板及び型枠の間にコンクリートを打設するとき、前記支柱の内部中空域にコンクリートを同時に充填することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の施工方法。   6. The construction method according to claim 5, wherein when placing concrete between the sheet pile and the formwork in the concrete placing step, concrete is filled in an internal hollow region of the support column at the same time. 前記スペーサ用鋼材又は前記鋼管は、壁体の配筋を構成する鉄筋が前記鋼材又は鋼管を貫通するための鉄筋挿通孔を有することを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の施工方法。   The construction method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the spacer steel material or the steel pipe has a reinforcing bar insertion hole through which a reinforcing bar constituting a bar arrangement of the wall penetrates the steel material or the steel pipe.
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CN102493475A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-13 牛伟民 Lattice pile foundation and construction method thereof
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KR20190083466A (en) * 2018-01-04 2019-07-12 롯데건설 주식회사 Retaining wall and construction method thereof
JP2019157349A (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-19 鹿島建設株式会社 Wall body and construction method of wall body
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JP2011236571A (en) * 2010-05-06 2011-11-24 Kanukadesign Ltd Retaining wall and construction method of the same
CN102493475A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-13 牛伟民 Lattice pile foundation and construction method thereof
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