JP2007254246A - Solution or dispersion containing fullerene fluoride - Google Patents

Solution or dispersion containing fullerene fluoride Download PDF

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JP2007254246A
JP2007254246A JP2006084410A JP2006084410A JP2007254246A JP 2007254246 A JP2007254246 A JP 2007254246A JP 2006084410 A JP2006084410 A JP 2006084410A JP 2006084410 A JP2006084410 A JP 2006084410A JP 2007254246 A JP2007254246 A JP 2007254246A
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fullerene
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fluoride
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Akifumi Yao
章史 八尾
Nobuhiro Okada
宣広 岡田
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Central Glass Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solution or dispersion which is used for an additive of an electric cell active material, a solid lubricant, a precursor of a fullerene derivative, etc., and can stably exist without causing the decomposition of chemically active fullerene fluoride when used by dissolving or dispersing fullerene fluoride used in the form of a composite material with a resin, an oil, a metal, etc. <P>SOLUTION: An organic compound having a water content of 20 ppm or lower and no functional group is used as a solvent for dissolving or dispersing fullerene fluoride. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電池活物質の添加剤、固体潤滑剤、あるいはフラーレン誘導体の前駆体等の用途に用いられ、樹脂、オイル、金属などとの複合材の形で使用されるフッ化フラーレンを含有する溶解液、または分散液に関するものである。   The present invention is used for applications such as battery active material additives, solid lubricants, or precursors of fullerene derivatives, and contains fullerene fluoride used in the form of composite materials with resins, oils, metals, and the like. The present invention relates to a solution or a dispersion.

フラーレンは、グラファイト、ダイヤモンドに次ぐ第3の炭素の同素体として、1985年に発見された新しい物質で、炭素数60、70、84、86、90、92、94、96、98などからなる閉殻構造を有するカーボンクラスターである。フラーレンは、その分子骨格を構成する炭素数によって、フラーレンC60、フラーレンC70などと呼ばれている。中でも、フラーレンC60は、サッカーボール状の構造を有した代表的なフラーレンである。これらのフラーレンは、特殊な分子構造を有することから特異的な物性が期待され、広範囲な用途分野において活発に研究されている。 Fullerene is a new substance discovered in 1985 as an allotrope of the third carbon after graphite and diamond, and has a closed shell structure composed of 60, 70, 84, 86, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, etc. A carbon cluster having Fullerene is called fullerene C 60 , fullerene C 70 or the like depending on the number of carbon atoms constituting its molecular skeleton. Among them, fullerene C 60 is a typical fullerene having a soccer ball-like structure. Since these fullerenes have a specific molecular structure, they are expected to have specific physical properties and are actively studied in a wide range of application fields.

これらフラーレンにフッ素が結合したフッ化フラーレンの研究も1990年から始まり、フラーレンとフッ素ガスとの直接反応(非特許文献1、2)、フラーレンを分散させたクロロフルオロカーボン中でのフッ素ガスとの反応(非特許文献3)、無水フッ化水素中でのKrFによるフッ素化反応(非特許文献4)、MnFとの混合によるフッ素化反応(非特許文献5)などの方法により、C60からC6054までの多くの組成のフッ化フラーレンが得られている。例えば、C60、C6018、C6030、C6036、C6042、C6044、C6046、C6048などが挙げられる。C60の骨格構造が保存されている最もフッ素化度の高いフッ化フラーレンはC6048であり、C60>48)のフッ化フラーレンはC60の骨格がこわれていると考えられている。フッ素化度の増加にともないフッ化フラーレンの色はフラーレンの黒色からC6018の褐色、C6036の淡黄色、C6044以上で白色に変化する。 Research on fluorinated fullerenes in which fluorine is bonded to these fullerenes began in 1990. Direct reaction between fullerene and fluorine gas (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2), reaction with fluorine gas in chlorofluorocarbon in which fullerene is dispersed (Non-patent Document 3), C 60 F by a method such as fluorination reaction with KrF 2 in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (Non-patent Document 4), fluorination reaction by mixing with MnF 3 (Non-patent Document 5), etc. Fluorofullerenes having a number of compositions from 1 to C 60 F 54 have been obtained. For example, C 60 F 9, C 60 F 18, C 60 F 30, C 60 F 36, C 60 F 42, such as C 60 F 44, C 60 F 46, C 60 F 48 and the like. Highest degree of fluorination fluoride fullerene skeleton structure of C 60 is stored is C 60 F 48, the fluorinated fullerene C 60 F n (n> 48 ) is broken skeleton of C 60 It is considered. As the degree of fluorination increases, the color of the fluorinated fullerene changes from black of fullerene to C 60 F 18 brown, C 60 F 36 light yellow, and C 60 F 44 or more to white.

フッ化フラーレンの物理化学的性質について詳細は明らかになっていないが、フッ化フラーレンは共有結合性フッ素で覆われているため分子間の相互作用が弱くなり、昇華温度はフラーレンより400℃近くも下がり、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン同様、低表面エネルギーの疎水性固体である。しかし、フッ化フラーレンの分子内の炭素とフッ素の結合は、一般のパーフルオロカーボンより著しく弱い。例えば、フッ化フラーレンをNaIのアセトン溶液に浸漬すると瞬時にヨウ素が遊離されることや、フッ化フラーレンをイソプロパノールに浸漬すると、イソプロパノールを酸化しアセトンを生成することなどが知られており(非特許文献6、7)、フッ化フラーレンは、非常に化学的に活性な化合物である。   Although the details of the physicochemical properties of fluorinated fullerenes have not been clarified, fluorinated fullerenes are covered with covalently bonded fluorine, so intermolecular interactions are weakened, and the sublimation temperature is nearly 400 ° C higher than that of fullerenes. It is a low surface energy hydrophobic solid, like polytetrafluoroethylene. However, the bond between carbon and fluorine in the molecule of fluorinated fullerene is significantly weaker than general perfluorocarbon. For example, it is known that when fullerene fluoride is immersed in an acetone solution of NaI, iodine is released instantly, and when fullerene fluoride is immersed in isopropanol, isopropanol is oxidized to produce acetone (non-patented). Documents 6 and 7), fullerene fluoride is a very chemically active compound.

フッ化フラーレンの用途としては、電池活物質の添加剤(特許文献1)、固体潤滑剤(特許文献2)、プロトン伝導体としての機能を持つフラーレン誘導体の前駆体(特許文献3)などが報告されている。更に、工業的に利用する場合において、フッ化フラーレンは単独で使用されることは少なく、通常、樹脂、オイル、金属などとの複合材として使用される。   Applications of fluorinated fullerenes include battery active material additives (Patent Document 1), solid lubricants (Patent Document 2), precursors of fullerene derivatives that function as proton conductors (Patent Document 3), etc. Has been. Further, when used industrially, fluorinated fullerene is rarely used alone, and is usually used as a composite material with resin, oil, metal and the like.

フッ化フラーレンはナノオーダーの非常に微細な粒子の粉体であるため、粉塵等の問題により取扱が非常に難しく、液にフッ化フラーレンを溶解、または分散させた溶解液、または分散液としての取扱が望まれている。
A.Hamwi,C.Latouche,V.Marchand,J.Dupuis,R.Benoit:J.Phys.Chem.Solids,57,991(1996) R.Mitsumoto,T.Araki,E.Ito,et al.:J.Phys.Chem.A,102、552(1998) Y.Matsuo,T.Nakajima,S.Kasamatsu:J.Fluorine Chem.,78,7(1996) O.V.Boltalina,A.K.Abdul−Sada,R.Tayer:J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.,2,981(1995) O.V.Boltalina,A.Y.Borschevskii,L.Sidorov,J.M.Street,R.Tayer:J.Chem.Soc.,Chem.Commun.,529(1996) A.A.Gakh,A.A.Tuinman,J.L.Adcock,R.N.Compton:Tetrahedron Lett.,34,7167(1993) O.V.Boltalina,N.A.Galeva:Russian Chem.Rev.,69,609(2000) 特開平6−342655号公報 特開平9−25490号公報 特開2002−193861号公報
Since fullerene fluoride is a powder of very fine particles of nano order, it is very difficult to handle due to problems such as dust, and as a solution or dispersion liquid in which fluoride fullerene is dissolved or dispersed in the liquid Handling is desired.
A. Hamwi, C.I. Latouche, V .; Marchand, J. et al. Dupuis, R.A. Benoit: J.M. Phys. Chem. Solids, 57, 991 (1996) R. Mitsumoto, T .; Araki, E .; Ito, et al. : J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 552 (1998) Y. Matsuo, T .; Nakajima, S .; Kasamatsu: J. Am. Fluorine Chem. 78, 7 (1996) O. V. Boltalina, A.M. K. Abdul-Sada, R.A. Taylor: J.M. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. , 2, 981 (1995) O. V. Boltalina, A.M. Y. Borschevskii, L.M. Sidorov, J .; M.M. Street, R.M. Taylor: J.M. Chem. Soc. , Chem. Commun. 529 (1996) A. A. Gakh, A .; A. Tuinman, J. et al. L. Adcock, R.M. N. Compton: Tetrahedron Lett. , 34, 7167 (1993) O. V. Boltalina, N .; A. Galeva: Russian Chem. Rev. 69,609 (2000) JP-A-6-342655 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-25490 JP 2002-193861 A

フッ化フラーレンを溶解液、または分散液の状態で使用する場合、フッ化フラーレンは化学的に不安定であるため、長期に渡たり、溶解液、または分散液を安定に使用、または保存することが困難である。   When fluorinated fullerene is used in the form of a solution or dispersion, the fluorinated fullerene is chemically unstable, so that the solution or dispersion should be used or stored stably over a long period of time. Is difficult.

本発明は、化学的に非常に活性なフッ化フラーレンを液に溶解、または分散させて使用する際、フッ化フラーレンが分解することなく安定に存在できる溶解液、または分散液を提供することを目的としている。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution or dispersion in which a chemically very active fluorinated fullerene can be stably present without being decomposed when dissolved or dispersed in the solution. It is aimed.

本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するため、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、溶解、分散させる溶媒として、水分含有量が20ppm以下でかつ官能基をもたない有機化合物を使用することにより、フッ化フラーレンが350時間以上にわたって分解せず安定に存在することを見出し、本発明に至ったものである。   As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have used a organic compound having a water content of 20 ppm or less and no functional group as a solvent to be dissolved and dispersed. The present inventors have found that fullerenes are present stably without being decomposed for 350 hours or more, and have reached the present invention.

すなわち本発明は、フッ化フラーレンが溶解、または分散している溶液において、その溶媒として、水分含有量が20ppm以下で、水酸基、ホルミル基、カルボニル基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、ニトロソ基、アジド基などの官能基をもたない有機化合物を使用することを特徴とする、フッ化フラーレンを含有する溶解液、または分散液を提供するものである。   That is, the present invention relates to a solution in which fullerene fluoride is dissolved or dispersed, and has a water content of 20 ppm or less as a solvent, a hydroxyl group, a formyl group, a carbonyl group, an amino group, a nitro group, a nitroso group, an azide group. The present invention provides a solution or dispersion containing a fluorinated fullerene, characterized by using an organic compound having no functional group.

さらには、官能基をもたない有機化合物が、炭化水素系有機化合物においてn−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ベンゼン、またはトルエンなど、塩素系有機化合物において四塩化炭素など、フッ素系有機化合物においてHFC−365mfc(C)、HFC−43−10mee(C10)、HFC−52−13p(CHF13)、またはHFC−c−447ef(C)などのハイドロフルオロカーボン(HFC)、あるいはHFE−449s1(CO)、HFE−569sf2(CO)、またはHFE−347pc−f(CO)などのハイドロフルオロエーテル(HFE)などであることを特徴とする、上記の溶解液、または分散液を提供するものである。 Furthermore, an organic compound having no functional group is a hydrocarbon organic compound such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, or toluene, a chlorine organic compound such as carbon tetrachloride, or a fluorine organic compound such as HFC-365mfc ( C 4 H 5 F 5 ), HFC-43-10mee (C 5 H 2 F 10 ), HFC-52-13p (C 6 HF 13 ), or HFC-c-447ef (C 5 H 3 F 7 ) hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), or HFE-449s1 (C 5 H 3 F 9 O), HFE-569sf2 (C 6 H 5 F 9 O), or HFE-347pc-f (C 4 H 3 F 7 O) , such as Providing the above-mentioned solution or dispersion characterized by being hydrofluoroether (HFE) or the like It is.

本発明により、フッ化フラーレンを含有する溶解液、または分散液を350時間以上にわたって安定に使用、または保存することができる。   According to the present invention, a solution or dispersion containing fluorinated fullerene can be stably used or stored for 350 hours or more.

以下、本発明を更に詳述する。本発明で使用する溶媒としては官能基をもたない有機化合物であればよいが、カールフィッシャー法により測定した溶媒の水分含有量が20ppm以下でなければならない。官能基をもたない有機化合物の溶媒の水分含有量が20ppmを超える場合、溶媒中にフッ素が遊離してくる。水分含有量が20ppmを超える、官能基をもたない有機化合物の溶媒を用いる場合、精密蒸留、またはモレキュラーシーブなどによる脱水方法により、水分含有量が20ppm以下になるまで水分を除去して用いることができる。官能基をもたない有機化合物として具体的には、炭化水素系の有機化合物としてはn−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ベンゼン、トルエンなど、塩素系の有機化合物としては四塩化炭素など、フッ素系の有機化合物としてはHFC−365mfc(C)、HFC−43−10mee(C10)、HFC−52−13p(CHF13)、またはHFC−c−447ef(C)などのハイドロフルオロカーボン(HFC)、あるいはHFE−449s1(CO)、HFE−569sf2(CO)、またはHFE−347pc−f(CO)などのハイドロフルオロエーテル(HFE)などが挙げられる。 The present invention is described in further detail below. The solvent used in the present invention may be an organic compound having no functional group, but the water content of the solvent measured by the Karl Fischer method must be 20 ppm or less. When the water content of the organic compound solvent having no functional group exceeds 20 ppm, fluorine is liberated in the solvent. When using an organic compound solvent having a moisture content of over 20 ppm and having no functional group, use it after removing moisture until the water content is 20 ppm or less by precision distillation or a dehydration method such as molecular sieve. Can do. Specific examples of organic compounds having no functional group include hydrocarbon-based organic compounds such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, and toluene, and chlorine-based organic compounds such as carbon tetrachloride. the HFC-365mfc (C 4 H 5 F 5), HFC-43-10mee (C 5 H 2 F 10), HFC-52-13p (C 6 HF 13), or HFC-c-447ef (C 5 H 3 F 7 ) or other hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), or HFE-449s1 (C 5 H 3 F 9 O), HFE-569sf2 (C 6 H 5 F 9 O), or HFE-347pc-f (C 4 H 3). And hydrofluoroether (HFE) such as F 7 O).

溶媒の水分含有量が20ppm以下であっても、溶媒がエタノール、アセトン、アセトニトリル、DMC(ジメチルカーボネート)などのような官能基をもつ有機化合物の場合、フッ化フラーレンは溶媒と反応し、溶媒中に徐々にフッ素が遊離してくる。また、n−ヘキサン、ベンゼン、HFC−365mfc(C)などの官能基をもたない有機化合物を溶媒に使用しても含有水分量が多いと溶媒中にフッ素が遊離してくる。 Even if the water content of the solvent is 20 ppm or less, when the solvent is an organic compound having a functional group such as ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, DMC (dimethyl carbonate), etc., the fluorinated fullerene reacts with the solvent, Fluorine is gradually released. In addition, even when an organic compound having no functional group such as n-hexane, benzene, HFC-365mfc (C 4 H 5 F 5 ) is used as a solvent, if the water content is large, fluorine is liberated in the solvent. come.

溶媒にはフッ化フラーレンを、特定の溶解度を持って溶解する溶媒と溶解しない溶媒がある。フッ化フラーレンを溶解する溶媒を用いる場合、溶解度以下に相当する量のフッ化フラーレンを溶媒に入れるとフッ化フラーレンの溶解液となり、溶解度を超えた量のフッ化フラーレンを溶媒に入れると溶解度に相当する量は溶解するが、残りのフッ化フラーレンは溶解しないため、フッ化フラーレンの溶解液および分散液となる。さらに、フッ化フラーレンを溶解しない溶媒を用いる場合、溶媒に入れるフッ化フラーレンの量に限らず、フッ化フラーレンの分散液となる。
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
The solvent includes a solvent that dissolves the fullerene fluoride with a specific solubility and a solvent that does not dissolve the fullerene fluoride. When using a solvent that dissolves fluorinated fullerenes, adding a fluorinated fullerene in an amount equivalent to or lower than the solubility results in a fluorinated fullerene solution, and adding a fullerene fluorinated fullerene in the solvent increases the solubility. Although the corresponding amount is dissolved, the remaining fluorinated fullerene is not dissolved, so that a fluorinated fullerene solution and dispersion are obtained. Further, when a solvent that does not dissolve fluorinated fullerene is used, not only the amount of fullerene fluorinated in the solvent, but also a fluorinated fullerene dispersion is obtained.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.

実施例1〜7、及び比較例1〜4
フッ化フラーレンは、フラーレンを200℃にてフッ素ガスと50時間反応させることにより合成した。得られたフッ化フラーレンの組成は、C6044が主成分であった。
得られたフッ化フラーレンC6044を表1に記載した溶媒20ml各々に20mg投入し、5分間超音波を照射して溶解、分散させ溶解液、または分散液を作製した。溶解液、または分散液を作製完了から350時間後、イオンクロマト装置(横河アナリティカルシステムズ製IC7000)によって、フッ化フラーレンから溶媒に遊離したフッ素量を測定した。尚、この測定条件におけるフッ素量の検出限界は0.04wt%である。
Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-4
Fullerene fluoride was synthesized by reacting fullerene with fluorine gas at 200 ° C. for 50 hours. The composition of the obtained fluorinated fullerene was C 60 F 44 as a main component.
Fluoride fullerene C 60 F 44 obtained by 20mg charged into solvent 20ml each described in Table 1, dissolved by irradiating ultrasonic wave for 5 minutes to prepare a solution or dispersion is dispersed. 350 hours after the completion of preparation of the solution or dispersion, the amount of fluorine released from the fullerene fluoride to the solvent was measured by an ion chromatograph (IC7000 manufactured by Yokogawa Analytical Systems). In addition, the detection limit of the fluorine amount under these measurement conditions is 0.04 wt%.

結果を表1に記載した。表1の実施例1〜7と比較例1〜3より、水分量が20ppmに達しない溶媒の場合は、溶媒に遊離したフッ素量は検出限界の0.04wt%以下で、水分量が20ppmを超えた溶媒の場合は、溶媒に遊離したフッ素量は0.07、0.11、および0.12wt%と検出限界の0.04wt%を超えていた。また、表1の比較例4より、水分量が20ppmに達しない溶媒の場合においても、溶媒が官能基を持つ有機化合物であるDMC(ジメチルカーボネート)の場合、溶媒に遊離したフッ素量は1.05wt%と検出限界の0.04wt%を超えていた。   The results are shown in Table 1. From Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1, in the case of a solvent whose water content does not reach 20 ppm, the amount of fluorine released to the solvent is 0.04 wt% or less of the detection limit, and the water content is 20 ppm. In the case of the excess solvent, the amount of fluorine liberated in the solvent was 0.07, 0.11, and 0.12 wt%, which exceeded the detection limit of 0.04 wt%. Further, from Comparative Example 4 in Table 1, even in the case of a solvent whose water content does not reach 20 ppm, in the case of DMC (dimethyl carbonate), which is an organic compound having a functional group, the amount of fluorine released to the solvent is 1. 05 wt%, which exceeded the detection limit of 0.04 wt%.

Figure 2007254246
Figure 2007254246

Claims (1)

フッ化フラーレンが溶解、または分散している溶液において、その溶媒として、水分含有量が20ppm以下でかつ官能基を持たない有機化合物を使用することを特徴とする、フッ化フラーレンを含有する溶解液、または分散液。
A solution containing a fluorinated fullerene, characterized in that an organic compound having a water content of 20 ppm or less and having no functional group is used as a solvent in a solution in which the fluorinated fullerene is dissolved or dispersed. Or dispersion.
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JP2011162468A (en) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-25 Osaka Univ Fullerene derivative, method for producing the same and allergen adsorbent using the same
CN102858686A (en) * 2010-02-08 2013-01-02 国立大学法人大阪大学 Fullerene derivative, process for production of same, and allergen adsorbent comprising same
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