JP2007245229A

JP2007245229A - Closed-forging apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP2007245229A
Application number: JP2006076165A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masahiro Minegishi; 正弘嶺岸
Original assignee: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Subaru Corp
Priority date: 2006-03-20
Filing date: 2006-03-20
Publication date: 2007-09-27

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a closed-forging apparatus obtaining a simple constitution and having compactness and excellent maintenance ability. <P>SOLUTION: In the closed-forging apparatus 1, with which a blank is closed into dies with a lower die 34 and an upper die 15 by descending the upper die 15, and a knock-out pin 39 is inserted from an inner punch inserting hole 17 and a knock-out pin hole 36; the knock-out pin 39 is inserted into the die from the knock-out pin hole 36 by descending the lower die 34, and a cam-mechanism for inserting an inner punch 20 into the die from an inner punch inserting hole 17 by changing the descending movement at the lower die 34, is provided and reactive force is given to the lower die 34 through the cam mechanism with an elastic member 47 interposed between a pressurizing lower cam 46 and an upper die plate 11. Then, the removal/fitness, etc., of an elastic member 47 are easily performed and the maintenance ability is improved, and a complicated hydraulic mechanism is unnecessary and the simplification and the compactness of the constitution can be obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、閉塞鍛造装置に関し、特にコンパクトかつ簡単な構造でメンテナンス性に優れた閉塞鍛造装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a closed forging device, and more particularly to a closed forging device having a compact and simple structure and excellent maintainability.

例えば、車両用デファレンシャル装置に用いられるサイドギヤやピニオンギヤ等のベベルギヤは、一般に材料歩留まり及び加工精度に優れることから、素材を上型と下型からなる型内に閉塞して、そこに上型及び下型に穿孔された挿入孔からパンチを挿入することにより型満して成形する閉塞鍛造によって製造される。 For example, bevel gears such as side gears and pinion gears used in vehicle differential devices are generally excellent in material yield and processing accuracy. Therefore, the material is closed in a mold composed of an upper mold and a lower mold, and the upper and lower molds are closed there. It is manufactured by closed forging in which a mold is filled by forming a punch through an insertion hole drilled in the mold.

一般に、この種の閉塞鍛造は、複動式プレス機を用いたり、単動式プレス機にスライド機構やリンク機構等の補助機構を取り付けることにより、第１動作と、この第１動作に連続する第２動作とを行程で行えるようにしている。 In general, this type of closed forging uses a double-acting press or attaches an auxiliary mechanism such as a slide mechanism or a link mechanism to the single-acting press so that the first operation and the first operation are continuous. The second operation can be performed in the process.

この閉塞鍛造を行う閉塞鍛造装置としては、プレス機にそれぞれ対向配置される上ダイホルダ及び下ダイホルダを、上型或いは下型を保持するホルダ本体とプレス機に取付けられるホルダベースによって構成し、ホルダ本体をバネ機構を介してホルダベースに取付け、上ダイホルダ及び下ダイホルダにそれぞれ保持された上型と下型の合わせ面を接触させた後に、上パンチと下パンチが型内に進入するように構成し、更に上型と下型の合わせ面位置に上パンチの下端と下パンチの上端を等速で接近させるパンチ等速移動機構を備えるものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 As a closed forging device for performing this closed forging, an upper die holder and a lower die holder, which are respectively opposed to a press machine, are constituted by a holder main body for holding an upper die or a lower die and a holder base attached to the press machine, and the holder main body. Is attached to the holder base via a spring mechanism, and the upper punch and the lower punch enter the mold after the upper die holder and the lower die holder held by the upper die holder and the lower die holder are brought into contact with each other. Further, there is known a mechanism equipped with a constant-punch moving mechanism that moves the lower end of the upper punch and the upper end of the lower punch close to each other at a constant speed at the mating surface position of the upper die and the lower die (for example, see Patent Document 1).

また、上ダイホルダに上ダイプレートを介して上型が取り付けられ、下ダイホルダに下ダイプレートを介して下型が取り付けられ、上ダイホルダと下ダイホルダとの間に型締めシリンダを備え、上ダイプレートと上型を貫いて設けられた上パンチをスライダの加圧力を受けて下降させる上ピストンと、下ダイプレートと下型を貫いて設けられた下パンチを昇降させる下ダイホルダに形成された支持シリンダ室に挿入されて下ダイプレートと下型を貫いて設けられた下パンチを昇降させる下ピストンとを有する閉塞鍛造装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 The upper die is attached to the upper die holder via the upper die plate, the lower die is attached to the lower die holder via the lower die plate, and a clamping cylinder is provided between the upper die holder and the lower die holder, and the upper die plate And an upper piston for lowering the upper punch provided through the upper die under the pressure of the slider, and a support cylinder formed in the lower die holder for lowering and raising the lower punch provided through the lower die plate and the lower die A closed forging device having a lower die plate inserted into a chamber and a lower piston that moves up and down a lower punch provided through a lower mold is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).

特開２０００−３１７５６４号公報JP 2000-317564 A 特開２０００−２３７８３６号公報JP 2000-237836 A

上記特許文献１の閉塞鍛造装置によると、素材をセットした後に、プレス機を作動させることにより、下型上にセットされた素材を上型と下型とで挟持して鍛造成形する第１動作と、上パンチと下パンチがそれぞれ上型及び下型に進入して上型と下型間に挟持された素材を所定の形状に鍛造成形する第２動作が連続的に行える。 According to the closed forging device of the above-mentioned patent document 1, after setting the material, by operating the press machine, the material set on the lower die is sandwiched between the upper die and the lower die, and the first operation is performed. Then, the upper punch and the lower punch enter the upper die and the lower die, respectively, and the second operation of forging the material sandwiched between the upper die and the lower die into a predetermined shape can be continuously performed.

しかし、上ホルダ本体と上ホルダベースとの間及び上ホルダベースと下ホルダベースとの間に直接的に複数のバネ機構が介在され、そのバネ機構の設置に大きな設置スペースを要することから閉塞鍛造装置の大型化を招くと共に、各バネ機構の配置バランスを考慮する必要があり、更に各バネ機構が閉塞鍛造装置の内部に収容されて配設されることから、その交換等の作業が複雑で厄介になりメンテナンスコストの増大が懸念される。 However, since a plurality of spring mechanisms are directly interposed between the upper holder body and the upper holder base and between the upper holder base and the lower holder base, a large installation space is required for the installation of the spring mechanism. In addition to increasing the size of the apparatus, it is necessary to consider the arrangement balance of each spring mechanism, and since each spring mechanism is housed and disposed inside the closed forging apparatus, the work such as replacement is complicated. There is concern about the increase in maintenance costs.

一方、特許文献２の閉塞鍛造装置によると、パンチによるパンチ穴成形に引き続いて中バリ抜きが１動作で行える。しかし、型締めシリンダ及び上ピストンや下ピストン等の油圧機構、この油圧機構を作動させるための油圧制御装置及び油冷却装置等の付帯設備を要し、設備が大型化すると共に複雑になり多くの設備コストやメンテナンスコストを要する。また、油圧機構や油圧制御装置からの油漏れによる環境への影響が生じる可能性が懸念される。 On the other hand, according to the closed forging device of Patent Document 2, intermediate burr removal can be performed in one operation following punch hole forming by a punch. However, it requires a hydraulic mechanism such as a clamping cylinder and an upper piston and a lower piston, and a supplementary equipment such as a hydraulic control device and an oil cooling device for operating the hydraulic mechanism. Equipment costs and maintenance costs are required. In addition, there is a concern that the environment may be affected by oil leakage from the hydraulic mechanism or the hydraulic control device.

従って、かかる点に鑑みなされた本発明の目的は、油圧装置を使用することなく構成の簡素化が得られ、コンパクトでメンテナンス性に優れた閉塞鍛造装置を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention made in view of such a point is to provide a closed forging device that can be simplified in configuration without using a hydraulic device and is compact and excellent in maintainability.

上記目的を達成する請求項１に記載の閉塞鍛造装置の発明は、上型が取り付けられ軸線に沿って昇降する上ダイプレートと下型が取り付けられる下ダイプレートが対向してプレス機に配置され、素材を上記上型と下型からなる型内に閉塞し、上型及び下型にそれぞれ穿設された上側パンチ挿入孔と下側パンチ挿入孔から上側パンチ及び下側パンチを挿入して閉塞鍛造成形する閉塞鍛造装置において、上ダイプレートの下降により下降する上型と、該下降する上型と協働して素材を型内に閉塞すると共に上型に押下げられて下降する下型と、該下型の下降に伴って上記下側パンチ挿入孔から型内に挿入する下側パンチと、上記下型と上側パンチとの間に介在し、下型の下降動作を変換して上記上側パンチ挿入孔から上記上側パンチを型内に挿入するカム機構と、該カム機構と上ダイプレートとの間に介在して上型による押し下げに抗する反力を上記カム機構を介して下型に付与する弾性部材とを備えたこと特徴とする。 In the invention of the closed forging device according to claim 1, which achieves the above object, an upper die plate attached with an upper die and moved up and down along an axis and a lower die plate attached with a lower die are arranged in a press machine facing each other. The material is closed in the upper die and the lower die, and the upper punch and the lower punch are inserted through the upper punch insertion hole and the lower punch insertion hole respectively formed in the upper die and the lower die. In a closed forging apparatus for forging, an upper die that is lowered by lowering of the upper die plate, a lower die that closes the material in the die in cooperation with the lowered upper die and is lowered by being pushed down by the upper die The lower die is inserted into the die from the lower punch insertion hole as the lower die is lowered, and is interposed between the lower die and the upper punch. Insert the upper punch into the mold through the punch insertion hole A cam mechanism, and an elastic member that is interposed between the cam mechanism and the upper die plate and applies a reaction force against the pressing by the upper die to the lower die via the cam mechanism. .

請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１の閉塞鍛造装置において、上記カム機構は、上ダイプレートの下面に、上記軸線と同軸上に配置されて該上ダイプレートの下面に圧接する上方方向に上カム付勢手段により付勢付与されると共に、外周に第１勾配カム面が形成された上カムと、上記第１勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第２勾配カム面及び第３勾配カム面を有して上ダイプレートの下面に沿って上記軸線に対して接離方向に移動自在に支持され、軸線に接近する方向に移動して上記上カムを上記軸線に沿って下方に押動する上側中間カムと、上記軸線と同軸上に配置されて下型に結合されると共に外周に第４勾配カム面が形成されたバンパカムと、上記第４勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第５勾配カム面及び第６勾配カム面を有し下ダイプレートの上面に沿って上記軸線に対して接離方向に移動自在に支持され、上記バンパカムの下降により軸線から離反する方向に押動される下側中間カムと、上記第６勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第７勾配カム面を有して昇降に自在に支持され、上記下側中間カムの軸線から離反する方向への移動により上方に押動される加圧下カムと、該加圧下カムと一体的に設けられて上記上側中間カムの第３勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第８勾配カム面を有し、上昇によって上記上側中間カムを軸線に接近する方向に押動する加圧上カムとを備え、上記軸線に沿って延在して頂端が上記上型の上側パンチ挿入孔に挿入する上側パンチの基端が上記上カムに支持されたことを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the closed forging device according to the first aspect, the cam mechanism is disposed on the lower surface of the upper die plate and coaxially with the axis so as to be in pressure contact with the lower surface of the upper die plate. And an upper cam having a first gradient cam surface formed on the outer periphery thereof, a second gradient cam surface and a third gradient slidably contacting the first gradient cam surface. It has a cam surface and is supported so as to be movable toward and away from the axis along the lower surface of the upper die plate, and moves in a direction approaching the axis to push the upper cam downward along the axis. A movable upper intermediate cam, a bumper cam disposed coaxially with the axis and coupled to the lower mold and having a fourth gradient cam surface formed on the outer periphery, and a slidable contact with the fourth gradient cam surface. Lower die plate having a 5-gradient cam surface and a sixth-gradient cam surface A lower intermediate cam that is supported so as to be movable toward and away from the axis along the upper surface of the belt, and is pushed in a direction away from the axis when the bumper cam descends, and slides on the sixth gradient cam surface. A pressurizing lower cam having a seventh gradient cam surface that is movably contacted and supported so as to move up and down, and pushed upward by movement in a direction away from the axis of the lower intermediate cam; and the pressurizing lower cam And an eighth gradient cam surface that is slidably in contact with the third gradient cam surface of the upper intermediate cam, and pressurizes the upper intermediate cam in a direction approaching the axis by ascending. An upper cam, and a base end of an upper punch that extends along the axis and is inserted into the upper punch insertion hole of the upper die is supported by the upper cam.

請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項２の閉塞鍛造装置において、上記上カムの第１勾配カム面、上側中間カムの第２勾配カム面及び第３勾配カム面、バンパカムの第４勾配カム面、下側中間カムの第５勾配カム面及び第６勾配カム面、加圧下カムの第７勾配カム面及び加圧上カムの第８勾配カム面は、それぞれ上記軸線の回りに複数対称配置されたことを特徴とする。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the closed forging device according to the second aspect, the first gradient cam surface of the upper cam, the second and third gradient cam surfaces of the upper intermediate cam, and the fourth gradient cam of the bumper cam. The surface, the fifth gradient cam surface and the sixth gradient cam surface of the lower intermediate cam, the seventh gradient cam surface of the pressurization lower cam and the eighth gradient cam surface of the pressurization upper cam are each arranged symmetrically around the axis. It is characterized by that.

請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項２または３の閉塞鍛造装置において、上記上側中間カムを、該第２勾配カム面が上記上カムの第１勾配カム面に圧接する方向に付勢する上側カム付勢手段を有し、上記下側中間カムを、該第５勾配カム面が上記バンパカムの第４勾配カム面に圧接する方向に付勢する下側カム付勢手段を有することを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the closed forging device according to the second or third aspect, the upper intermediate cam is urged in a direction in which the second gradient cam surface is in pressure contact with the first gradient cam surface of the upper cam. And a lower cam biasing means for biasing the lower intermediate cam in a direction in which the fifth gradient cam surface is in pressure contact with the fourth gradient cam surface of the bumper cam. And

請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の閉塞鍛造装置において、上記弾性部材は、上記軸線方向に延在し基端が上記加圧下カムに支持され頂端が上ダイプレートの下面に対向することを特徴とする。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the closed forging device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the elastic member extends in the axial direction, and a base end is supported by the under-compression cam. Is opposed to the lower surface of the upper die plate.

請求項６に記載の発明は、請求項１〜５のいずれか１項の閉塞鍛造装置において、上記下側パンチ挿入孔が下型に穿孔されたノックアウトピン孔であり、下側パンチがノックアウトピンであることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 6 is the closed forging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower punch insertion hole is a knockout pin hole formed in a lower mold, and the lower punch is a knockout pin. It is characterized by being.

請求項１の発明によると、上型の下降により下型と上型による型内に素材を閉塞して上型に穿設された上側パンチ挿入孔及び下型に穿設された下側パンチ挿入孔から上側パンチと下側パンチを挿入して成形する閉塞鍛造装置において、下型の下降に伴って下側パンチ挿入孔から型内に下側パンチを挿入し、かつ下型の下降動作を変換して上側パンチ挿入孔から上側パンチを型内に挿入するカム機構を備え、かつカム機構と上ダイプレートとの間に介在した弾性部材によりカム機構を介して下型に反力を付与することから、上ホルダ本体と上ホルダベースとの間に収容してバネ機構を配置しかつ下ホルダと下ホルダベースの間に収容してバネ機構を直接的にバネ機構を配置した従来の閉塞鍛造装置に比べ、弾性部材の目視確認及び脱着等が容易になりメンテナンス性が向上すると共に、複雑な油圧機構及び油圧制御装置等の付帯設備が不要であり構成の簡素化及びコンパクト化が得られる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper die is inserted into the upper die by closing the material in the lower die and the upper die by lowering the upper die, and the lower punch is inserted in the lower die. In a closed forging machine that inserts an upper punch and a lower punch through a hole to form, the lower punch is inserted into the die from the lower punch insertion hole as the lower die is lowered, and the lower die lowering motion is converted. A cam mechanism for inserting the upper punch into the mold from the upper punch insertion hole, and applying a reaction force to the lower mold via the cam mechanism by an elastic member interposed between the cam mechanism and the upper die plate. The conventional closed forging device in which the spring mechanism is disposed between the upper holder main body and the upper holder base and the spring mechanism is disposed directly between the lower holder and the lower holder base. Compared with, visual confirmation and attachment / detachment of elastic members is easier. With maintenance becomes is improved, simplified and compact complex hydraulic mechanism and the hydraulic control apparatus ancillary equipment such as is required configuration can be obtained.

請求項２の発明は、カム機構の具体的構成を示し、互いに摺動可能に接する勾配カム面を備えた上カム、上側中間カム、バンパカム、下側中間カム、加圧下カム及び加圧上カムによる簡単な構成でカム機構を形成することができる。また、互いに接する勾配カム面の接触角を変更することにより、上カムに配設された上側パンチを型内に挿入する押圧力、挿入速度、挿入寸法等の鍛造条件を容易に変更することができる。また、各弾性部材が軸線の回りに対称配置されて各弾性部材の配置バランスが確保できる。 The invention of claim 2 shows a specific configuration of the cam mechanism, and includes an upper cam, an upper intermediate cam, a bumper cam, a lower intermediate cam, a pressurizing lower cam, and a pressurizing upper cam that are provided with gradient cam surfaces that are slidably in contact with each other. The cam mechanism can be formed with a simple configuration. In addition, by changing the contact angle of the gradient cam surfaces that are in contact with each other, forging conditions such as the pressing force, insertion speed, and insertion dimension for inserting the upper punch disposed in the upper cam into the die can be easily changed. it can. In addition, the elastic members are arranged symmetrically around the axis, and the arrangement balance of the elastic members can be ensured.

請求項３の発明によると、上カムの第１勾配カム面、上側中間カムの第２勾配カム面及び第３勾配カム面、バンパカムの第４勾配カム面、下側中間カムの第５勾配カム面及び第６勾配カム面、加圧下カムの第７勾配カム面及び加圧上カムの第８勾配カム面をそれぞれ軸線の回りに複数対称配置することにより、軸線に沿った均衡のとれた押圧力を上側パンチに付与することができ、良好な閉塞鍛造を得ることができる。 According to the invention of claim 3, the first gradient cam surface of the upper cam, the second and third gradient cam surfaces of the upper intermediate cam, the fourth gradient cam surface of the bumper cam, and the fifth gradient cam of the lower intermediate cam. By arranging a plurality of planes, a sixth gradient cam surface, a seventh gradient cam surface of the lower pressure cam, and an eighth gradient cam surface of the upper pressure cam around the axis, respectively, a balanced push along the axis is achieved. Pressure can be applied to the upper punch, and good closed forging can be obtained.

請求項４の発明によると、上側カム付勢手段により上側中間カムの第２勾配カム面が上カムの第１勾配カムに追従して圧接し、かつ下側カム付勢手段により下側中間カムの第５勾配カム面がバンパカムの第４勾配カム面に追従して圧接することにより、円滑なカム動作が確保でき、良好な閉塞鍛造が得られる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the second cam surface of the upper intermediate cam follows the first cam of the upper cam by the upper cam biasing means, and the lower intermediate cam is pressed by the lower cam biasing means. The fifth gradient cam surface follows the fourth gradient cam surface of the bumper cam and press-contacts, so that a smooth cam operation can be ensured and a good closed forging can be obtained.

請求項５の発明は、弾性部材の具体的配置構成を示すものであって、基端を加圧下カムに支持し頂端を上ダイプレートの下面に対向配置することにより、上ダイプレートを上昇させることによって容易に弾性部材の交換等のメンテナンスが行える。 The invention according to claim 5 shows a specific arrangement configuration of the elastic member, and the upper die plate is raised by supporting the base end on the cam under pressure and arranging the top end opposite to the lower surface of the upper die plate. Thus, maintenance such as replacement of the elastic member can be easily performed.

請求項６の発明によると、ノックアウトピンにより下側パンチを兼備することにより、構成部品の削減及び構成の簡素化が得られる。 According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the number of components and simplify the configuration by combining the lower punch with the knockout pin.

以下、本発明に係る閉塞鍛造装置の実施の形態を図１乃至図４を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a closed forging device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

図１乃至図３は閉塞鍛造装置１の構成説明図であり、図１は図示しないプレス機が上死点にある状態、図２は成形途中状態、図３は図示しないプレス機が下死点にある状態における閉塞鍛造装置の断面図である。 1 to 3 are explanatory views of the configuration of the closed forging device 1. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a press machine (not shown) is at the top dead center, FIG. 2 shows a state in the middle of forming, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the closed forging apparatus in a state in.

図中１１はプレス機のラムに取り付けられる上ダイプレートであり、３１は上ダイプレート１１と対向配置されてプレス機に取り付けられる下ダイプレートである。上ダイプレート１１はラムの昇降によって軸線Ｌに沿って上死点位置と下死点位置との間を下ダイプレート３１に対して接離する方向に昇降する。 In the figure, 11 is an upper die plate attached to the ram of the press machine, and 31 is a lower die plate attached to the press machine so as to face the upper die plate 11. The upper die plate 11 is moved up and down along the axis L in the direction of moving toward and away from the lower die plate 31 between the top dead center position and the bottom dead center position by raising and lowering the ram.

上ダイプレート１１の中央部下面に上カム支持部１１ａが突設すると共に、軸線Ｌの回りに対称配置されて上ダイプレート１１の下面端部に底部１２ａを有する環状の弾性部材受部１２が複数、本実施の形態では４つの弾性部材受部１２（２つのみ図示）が凹設されている。更に、上ダイプレート１１の下面には、上カム支持部１１ａを囲むように円筒状で、かつ後述する上側中間カム２２の移動を可能にする開口部１３ａが形成された上ブロック１３が取り付けられている。上ブロック１３の下端に上型１５が装着され、上型１５は、その外周に形成された段部がストッパリング１４に係止されて上ブロック１３に固設されている。 An upper cam support portion 11a protrudes from the lower surface of the center portion of the upper die plate 11, and an annular elastic member receiving portion 12 that is symmetrically arranged around the axis L and has a bottom portion 12a at the lower surface end portion of the upper die plate 11. In the present embodiment, a plurality of elastic member receiving portions 12 (only two are shown) are recessed. Further, an upper block 13 is attached to the lower surface of the upper die plate 11 and is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the upper cam support portion 11a and is formed with an opening 13a that enables movement of an upper intermediate cam 22 described later. ing. An upper mold 15 is attached to the lower end of the upper block 13, and the upper mold 15 is fixed to the upper block 13 with a step portion formed on the outer periphery thereof being locked by a stopper ring 14.

上型１５は、ストッパリング１４から下方に突出する下面の外周に沿って嵌合突起１５ｂが形成された合わせ面１５ａを有し、合わせ面１５ａの中央部に成形面１６が凹設されると共に軸線Ｌと同軸上で貫通する上側パンチ挿入孔となるインナーパンチ挿入孔１７が形成されている。 The upper die 15 has a mating surface 15a formed with a fitting projection 15b along the outer periphery of the lower surface projecting downward from the stopper ring 14, and a molding surface 16 is recessed in the center of the mating surface 15a. An inner punch insertion hole 17 serving as an upper punch insertion hole penetrating coaxially with the axis L is formed.

また、上ダイプレート１１の上カム支持部１１ａと上型１５との間に、上面１８ａが上カム支持部１１ａに当接可能でかつ、外周に下降するに従って漸次外側に移行して軸線Ｌから離れる平面状の第１勾配カム面１８ｂが軸心Ｌの回りに対称配置された複数、本実施の形態では４つの第１勾配カム面１８ｂ（２つのみ図示）が形成された断面台形の上カム１８が上カム付勢手段、例えばスプリング１９によってその上面１８ａが上カム支持部１１ａに圧接する方向に常時付勢されている。この上カム１８には、その下面１８ｃに基端部が支持されて先端２０ａが上型１５のインナーパンチ挿入孔１７に挿入されて上側パンチであるインナーパンチ２０が設けられている。 Further, the upper surface 18a can be brought into contact with the upper cam support portion 11a between the upper cam support portion 11a and the upper mold 15 of the upper die plate 11, and gradually moves outward from the axis L as it descends to the outer periphery. A plurality of plane-shaped first gradient cam surfaces 18b that are separated from each other about the axis L, in this embodiment, four trapezoidal cam surfaces 18b (only two are shown) are formed on a trapezoidal cross section. The cam 18 is constantly urged by an upper cam urging means, for example, a spring 19 in the direction in which the upper surface 18a is pressed against the upper cam support portion 11a. The upper cam 18 is provided with an inner punch 20 that is supported on the lower surface 18c of the upper cam 18 and whose distal end 20a is inserted into the inner punch insertion hole 17 of the upper die 15 and is an upper punch.

更に、上ダイプレート１１の下面には、軸線Ｌの回りに対称配置されて放射状に延在する４つの誘導手段、本実施の形態では図示しないガイドレールが設けられ、各ガイドレールに上側中間カム２２の上部２２ａが摺動可能に嵌合し、上カム１８に対して接離する矢印Ａ及びＢ方向に移動可能に上側中間カム２２が配置されている。上側中間カム２２は、その軸線Ｌ側に上方に移行するに従って漸次軸線Ｌ側に移行して上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに摺動可能な平面状の第２勾配カム面２２ｂが形成され、かつ軸線Ｌと離れた側には上方に移行するに従って漸次外側に移行して軸線Ｌから離れる平面状の第３勾配カム面２２ｃが形成されている。 Further, on the lower surface of the upper die plate 11, there are provided four guiding means symmetrically arranged around the axis L and extending radially, guide rails not shown in the present embodiment, and each guide rail is provided with an upper intermediate cam. The upper intermediate cam 22 is slidably fitted to the upper portion 22 so as to be movable in the directions of arrows A and B that come in contact with and away from the upper cam 18. As the upper intermediate cam 22 moves upward to the axis L side, the upper intermediate cam 22 gradually moves to the axis L side to form a flat second gradient cam surface 22b that can slide on the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18. On the side away from the axis L, there is formed a flat third gradient cam surface 22c that gradually moves outward as it moves upward and separates from the axis L.

各上側中間カム２２は、図示しない上側カム付勢手段、例えばスプリングによって第２勾配カム面２２ｂが上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに圧接する矢印Ａ方向に常時付勢されている。このスプリングによる付勢により上側中間カム２２の第２勾配カム面２２ｂが上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに追従して圧接し、円滑なカム動作が確保できる。 Each upper intermediate cam 22 is always urged in the direction of arrow A in which the second gradient cam surface 22b is pressed against the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18 by an upper cam urging means (not shown), for example, a spring. By urging by this spring, the second gradient cam surface 22b of the upper intermediate cam 22 follows the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18 and press-contacts, thereby ensuring a smooth cam operation.

この上側中間カム２２は、図１に示すように上カム１８の上面１８ａが上カム支持部１１ａに当接した上昇位置において上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに第２勾配カム面２２ｂが当接することによって矢印Ａ方向への移動が規制されて後退位置に保持され、かつ図３に示すように上カム１８が上カム支持部１１ａから離れた下降位置において第１勾配カム面１８ｂに第２勾配カム面２２ｂが当接して移動が規制された前進位置に保持される。 As shown in FIG. 1, the upper intermediate cam 22 has a second gradient cam surface 22b on the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18 at the raised position where the upper surface 18a of the upper cam 18 contacts the upper cam support portion 11a. By contact, the movement in the direction of arrow A is restricted and held at the retracted position, and as shown in FIG. 3, the upper cam 18 is moved to the first gradient cam surface 18b at the lowered position away from the upper cam support portion 11a. The two-gradient cam surface 22b abuts and is held at the advanced position where movement is restricted.

下ダイプレート３１は、その中央部に軸線Ｌと同軸上に下側パンチ挿入孔となるノックアウトバー挿通孔３１ａが貫通し、かつノックアウトバー挿通孔３１ａを囲むように円筒状で、かつ後述する下側中間カム４２の移動を可能にする開口部３２ａが形成された下ブロック３２が立設されている。 The lower die plate 31 has a cylindrical shape in which a knockout bar insertion hole 31a serving as a lower punch insertion hole passes through the center of the lower die plate 31 coaxially with the axis L and surrounds the knockout bar insertion hole 31a. A lower block 32 having an opening 32a that allows the side intermediate cam 42 to move is provided upright.

この下ブロック３２内に軸線Ｌに沿って昇降移動可能に下型３４及び下型３４の下面に結合されたバンパカム３７が保持されている。 The lower block 32 holds a lower die 34 and a bumper cam 37 coupled to the lower surface of the lower die 34 so as to be movable up and down along the axis L.

下ブロック３２に昇降移動可能に保持される下型３４は、下ブロック３２の上端に設けられるストッパリング３３に段部３４ｃが当接することによって上方への移動端である上昇位置が規制される。更に、下型３４はストッパリング３３から上方に突出する上面の外周に沿って上型１５の嵌合突起１５ｂに嵌合可能な嵌合部３４ｂ及び合わせ面１５ａに当接可能な合わせ面３４ａを有し、合わせ面３４ａの中央部に成形面３５が凹設されると共に軸線Ｌに沿って下側パンチ挿入孔となるノックアウトピン孔３６が形成されている。 The lower die 34 that is held by the lower block 32 so as to be movable up and down is regulated in the upward position, which is the upper moving end, when the step 34 c comes into contact with a stopper ring 33 provided at the upper end of the lower block 32. Further, the lower die 34 has a fitting portion 34b that can be fitted to the fitting protrusion 15b of the upper die 15 and a mating surface 34a that can be brought into contact with the mating surface 15a along the outer periphery of the upper surface protruding upward from the stopper ring 33. The molding surface 35 is recessed at the center of the mating surface 34a, and a knockout pin hole 36 serving as a lower punch insertion hole is formed along the axis L.

バンパカム３７は、中央部に軸線Ｌと同軸上で貫通する孔部３７ａを有し、下部外周に軸線Ｌの回りに４つの第４勾配カム面３７ｂが対称配置されている。これらの各第４勾配カム面３７ｂは下降するに従って漸次に軸線Ｌ側に移行する平面状に形成されている。 The bumper cam 37 has a hole portion 37a coaxially passing through the axis L at the center, and four fourth gradient cam surfaces 37b are arranged symmetrically around the axis L on the lower outer periphery. Each of these fourth gradient cam surfaces 37b is formed in a flat shape that gradually moves toward the axis L as it descends.

下ダイプレート３１のノックアウトバー挿通孔３１ａに昇降するノックアウトバー３８の上部が貫通し、ノックアウトバー３８の先端によって、バンパカム３７の孔部３７ａ及び下型３４のノックアウトピン孔３６に摺動可能に嵌挿された下側パンチとなるノックアウトピン３９の基端が支持されている。このように、ノックアウトピン３９が下側パンチを兼備することにより、構成部品が削減されて構成の簡素化が得られる。 The upper part of the knockout bar 38 that moves up and down into the knockout bar insertion hole 31a of the lower die plate 31 penetrates, and the tip of the knockout bar 38 is slidably fitted into the hole 37a of the bumper cam 37 and the knockout pin hole 36 of the lower die 34. The base end of the knockout pin 39 which becomes the inserted lower punch is supported. Thus, the knockout pin 39 also serves as the lower punch, so that the number of components is reduced and the configuration can be simplified.

更に、下ダイプレート３１の上面には、上ダイプレート１１に設けた各スライダレールと対向して配設されて軸線Ｌを中心に放射状に延在する４つの誘導手段、本実施の形態では図示しないガイドレールが設けられ、各ガイドレールに下側中間カム４２の下部４２ａが摺動可能に嵌合し、バンパカム３７に対して接離する矢印Ｃ及びＤ方向に移動可能に下側中間カム４２が支持されている。 Furthermore, on the upper surface of the lower die plate 31, four guide means are arranged opposite to the slider rails provided on the upper die plate 11 and extend radially about the axis L, and are shown in the present embodiment. Guide rails are provided, and a lower portion 42a of the lower intermediate cam 42 is slidably fitted to each guide rail, and the lower intermediate cam 42 is movable in the directions of arrows C and D that are in contact with and away from the bumper cam 37. Is supported.

下側中間カム４２は、その軸線Ｌ側に下方に移行するに従って軸線Ｌ側に漸次移行してバンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂに摺動自在に接する平面状の第５勾配カム面４２ｂが形成され、軸線Ｌと離れる側には下方に移行するに従って漸次に外側に移行して軸線Ｌから離れる平面状の第６勾配カム面４２ｃが形成されている。各下側中間カム４２は、図示しない下側カム付勢手段、例えばスプリングによって第５勾配カム面４２ｂがバンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂに圧接する軸線Ｌ側、即ち矢印Ｃ方向に常時付勢されている。このスプリングによる付勢により下側中間カム４２の第５勾配カム面４２ｂがバンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂに追従して圧接し、円滑なカム動作が確保できる。 The lower intermediate cam 42 has a flat fifth gradient cam surface 42b that slidably contacts the fourth gradient cam surface 37b of the bumper cam 37 by gradually moving to the axis L side as it moves downward to the axis L side. A flat sixth gradient cam surface 42c is formed on the side away from the axis L so as to move downward and gradually away from the axis L as it moves downward. Each lower intermediate cam 42 is always attached to the axis L side where the fifth gradient cam surface 42b is in pressure contact with the fourth gradient cam surface 37b of the bumper cam 37, that is, in the direction of arrow C, by a lower cam biasing means (not shown), for example, a spring. It is energized. By urging by this spring, the fifth gradient cam surface 42b of the lower intermediate cam 42 follows the fourth gradient cam surface 37b of the bumper cam 37, and a smooth cam operation can be ensured.

この下側中間カム４２は、図１及び図２に示すようにスプリングの付勢によって矢印Ｃ方向に付勢されて第５勾配カム面４２ｂと第４勾配カム面３７ｂが摺動自在に接するバンパカム３７を、下型３４の段部３４ｃがストッパリング３３に当接する上昇位置に保持する前進位置と、図３に示すように下降位置に下降するバンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂと第５勾配カム面４２ｂによって軸線Ｌから離れる矢印Ｄ方向の後退位置まで移動する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower intermediate cam 42 is urged in the direction of arrow C by the urging force of the spring, and the fifth gradient cam surface 42b and the fourth gradient cam surface 37b are slidably in contact with each other. 37, the forward movement position where the step 34c of the lower die 34 is in contact with the stopper ring 33, and the fourth gradient cam surface 37b and the fifth gradient of the bumper cam 37 lowered to the lowered position as shown in FIG. The cam surface 42b moves to the retracted position in the arrow D direction away from the axis L.

更に、下ダイプレート３１の上面に各下側中間カム４２に隣接して下ダイプレート３１に軸線Ｌの回りに対称配置された４つのガイドポスト４５が立設し、各ガイドポスト４５にガイドされて加圧下カム４６が昇降自在、即ち矢印Ｅで示す上方向及び矢印Ｆで示す下方向に移動自在に支持されている。 Further, on the upper surface of the lower die plate 31, four guide posts 45 arranged symmetrically around the axis L are erected on the lower die plate 31 adjacent to the lower intermediate cams 42, and are guided by the guide posts 45. Thus, the pressurizing lower cam 46 is supported so as to be movable up and down, that is, movable in the upward direction indicated by the arrow E and the downward direction indicated by the arrow F.

加圧下カム４６は、ガイドポスト４５に昇降自在に支持されたブロック状のカム本体４６Ａを有し、カム本体４６Ａの上部に上ダイプレート１１の弾性部材受部１２に対向して弾性部材支持部４６ａが形成され、弾性部材支持部４６ａに軸線Ｌ方向に沿って延在するスプリング、ガスダンパ、クッションゴム等からなる弾性部材４７の基端部が支持されている。この弾性部材４７の頂端４７ａは弾性部材受部１２内に達し、弾性部材受部１２の底部１２ａと対向している。このように軸心Ｌの回りに対称配置された各加圧下カム４６に弾性部材４７を配置することによって、各弾性部材４７が軸線Ｌの回りに対称配置されて各弾性部材４７の配置バランスが確保できる。また、カム本体４６Ａの下部には、上方に移行するに従って漸次軸線Ｌ側に移行する平面状で下側中間カム４２の第６勾配カム面４２ｃに摺動自在な平面状の第７勾配カム面４６ｃが形成されている。 The under-pressing cam 46 has a block-shaped cam main body 46A that is supported by the guide post 45 so as to be movable up and down, and an elastic member supporting portion facing the elastic member receiving portion 12 of the upper die plate 11 at the upper portion of the cam main body 46A. 46a is formed, and a base end portion of an elastic member 47 made of a spring, a gas damper, a cushion rubber or the like extending along the axis L direction is supported on the elastic member support portion 46a. The top end 47 a of the elastic member 47 reaches the elastic member receiving portion 12 and faces the bottom portion 12 a of the elastic member receiving portion 12. Thus, by arranging the elastic members 47 on the respective under-pressurized cams 46 arranged symmetrically around the axis L, the elastic members 47 are arranged symmetrically around the axis L, and the arrangement balance of the elastic members 47 is balanced. It can be secured. Further, a flat seventh gradient cam surface that is slidable on the sixth gradient cam surface 42c of the lower intermediate cam 42 in the lower shape of the cam body 46A is a flat shape that gradually moves toward the axis L as it moves upward. 46c is formed.

加圧下カム４６のカム本体４６Ａの上部から上方に延在する加圧上カム４８が設けられ、この加圧上カム４８の上部には下方に移行するに従って漸次軸線Ｌ側に移行する平面状で上側中間カム２２の第３勾配カム面２２ｃに摺接可能な第８勾配カム面４８ｃが形成されている。 A pressurization upper cam 48 extending upward from the upper part of the cam body 46A of the pressurization lower cam 46 is provided, and the upper part of the pressurization upper cam 48 has a planar shape that gradually moves toward the axis L as it moves downward. An eighth gradient cam surface 48c is formed which is slidably contactable with the third gradient cam surface 22c of the upper intermediate cam 22.

次に、このように構成された閉塞鍛造装置１の動作及び作用について図１乃至図３、及び図４の鍛造工程を示すフローチャートに従って説明する。 Next, the operation and action of the closed forging device 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG.

予め上ダイプレート１１に所望の上型１５及びインナーパンチ２０、下ダイプレート３１に下型３４及びノックアウトピン３９等を取り付けた閉塞鍛造装置１をプレス機に取り付け準備する。 A closed forging device 1 in which a desired upper die 15 and inner punch 20 are previously attached to the upper die plate 11 and a lower die 34 and a knockout pin 39 are attached to the lower die plate 31 is prepared for attachment to a press machine.

そして、閉塞鍛造装置１が取り付けられたプレス機のラムを上死点位置に上昇して、閉塞鍛造装置１を型開き状態に保持する（準備ステップＳ１）。 Then, the ram of the press machine to which the closed forging device 1 is attached is raised to the top dead center position, and the closed forging device 1 is held in the mold open state (preparation step S1).

この型開き状態において閉塞鍛造装置１は、図１に示すようにラムに取り付けられた上ダイプレートプレート１１が上死点位置に保持され、上型１５と下型３４は所定間隔離間した状態にある。上カム１８はスプリング１９の張力によってその上面１８ａが上カム支持部１１ａに当接した上昇位置に保持される。この上昇位置に保持された上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに第２勾配カム面２２ｂが当接して上側中間カム２２は後退位置に保持されている。 In this open mold state, the closed forging device 1 is such that the upper die plate plate 11 attached to the ram is held at the top dead center position as shown in FIG. 1, and the upper die 15 and the lower die 34 are separated by a predetermined distance. is there. The upper cam 18 is held at the raised position where the upper surface 18a is in contact with the upper cam support portion 11a by the tension of the spring 19. The second gradient cam surface 22b comes into contact with the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18 held in this raised position, and the upper intermediate cam 22 is held in the retracted position.

一方、下側中間カム４２は、スプリングにより軸線Ｌに接近する矢印Ｃ方向に付勢されて第５勾配カム面４２ｂと第４勾配カム面３７ｂの摺接によってバンパカム３７を、下型３４の段部３４ｃがストッパリング３３に当接する上昇位置に維持する前進位置に保持されている。下側中間カム４２の第６勾配カム面４２ｃに第７勾配カム面４６ｃが当接して加圧下カム４６が下降位置に保持され、加圧上カム４８の第８勾配カム面４８ｃは上側中間カム２２の第３勾配カム面２２ｃから離れた下降位置に保持されている。更に、加圧下カム４６の弾性部材支持部４６ａに基端部が支持された弾性部材４７の頂端４７ａは、上ダイプレート１１に形成された弾性部材受部１２の底部１２ａから離れている。 On the other hand, the lower intermediate cam 42 is urged in the direction of arrow C approaching the axis L by the spring, and the bumper cam 37 is moved by the sliding contact between the fifth gradient cam surface 42b and the fourth gradient cam surface 37b. The portion 34 c is held at the forward position where it is maintained at the raised position where it abuts against the stopper ring 33. The seventh gradient cam surface 46c comes into contact with the sixth gradient cam surface 42c of the lower intermediate cam 42 to hold the pressure lower cam 46 in the lowered position, and the eighth gradient cam surface 48c of the pressure upper cam 48 is the upper intermediate cam. 22 is held at the lowered position away from the third gradient cam surface 22c. Further, the top end 47 a of the elastic member 47 whose base end portion is supported by the elastic member support portion 46 a of the under-pressing cam 46 is separated from the bottom portion 12 a of the elastic member receiving portion 12 formed on the upper die plate 11.

また、上カム１８に基端が支持されたインナーパンチ２０は、上型１５のインナーパンチ挿入孔１７内に挿入されて先端２０ａが成形面１６と同一面位置となる退避位置に維持されている。一方、ノックアウトバー３８に支持されかつノックアウトピン孔３６内に挿入されたノックアウトピン３９は、その頂端３９ａが下型３４の成形面３５から寸法αだけノックアウトピン孔３６内の後退位置に維持されている。 In addition, the inner punch 20 whose base end is supported by the upper cam 18 is inserted into the inner punch insertion hole 17 of the upper die 15, and the distal end 20 a is maintained at the retracted position where it is flush with the molding surface 16. . On the other hand, the knockout pin 39 supported by the knockout bar 38 and inserted into the knockout pin hole 36 has its top end 39a maintained at the retracted position in the knockout pin hole 36 by a dimension α from the molding surface 35 of the lower die 34. Yes.

この型開き状態において、下型３４に凹設された成形面３５上に素材をセットする（素材セットステップＳ２）。 In this mold open state, the material is set on the molding surface 35 recessed in the lower mold 34 (material setting step S2).

素材のセット後、プレス機を作動させて下降するラムによって上ダイプレート１１を下降させる。上ダイプレート１１の下降により図２に示すように上型１５の嵌合突起１５ｂと下型３４の嵌合部３４ｂが嵌合して互いの合わせ面１５ａと３４ａが接触して上型１５と下型３４より素材を閉塞する。より詳細には、下型３４の成形面３５上にセットされた素材が下型３４の成形面３５と上型１５の成形面１６とで挟持され、これら成形面１６、３５及び退避位置に保持されたノックアウトピン３９の頂端３９ａ、インナーパンチ２０の先端２０ａによって形成された成形空間４０内に閉塞して鍛造成形される（第１動作ステップＳ３）。 After the material is set, the upper die plate 11 is lowered by the ram that is lowered by operating the press machine. As the upper die plate 11 is lowered, the fitting protrusion 15b of the upper die 15 and the fitting portion 34b of the lower die 34 are fitted and the mating surfaces 15a and 34a come into contact with each other as shown in FIG. The material is closed from the lower die 34. More specifically, the material set on the molding surface 35 of the lower mold 34 is sandwiched between the molding surface 35 of the lower mold 34 and the molding surface 16 of the upper mold 15 and is held in the molding surfaces 16 and 35 and the retracted position. Forging is performed by closing the molding space 40 formed by the top end 39a of the knockout pin 39 and the tip 20a of the inner punch 20 (first operation step S3).

この第１動作ステップＳ３によって、加圧上カム４８の第８勾配カム面４８ｃが上側中間カム２２の第３勾配カム面２２ｃに接触し、加圧下カム４６に設けられた弾性部材４７の頂端４７ａが上ダイプレート１１の形成された弾性部材受部１２の底部１２ａに接触する。なお、ノックアウトピン３９は、成形面３５から頂端３９ａまでの寸法αが保持され、ノックアウトピン孔３６内の後退位置に退避している。また、上カム１８に支持されたインナーパンチ２０は、その先端２０ａが成形面１６と同一面に維持されてインナーパンチ挿入孔１７内に退避している。 By the first operation step S3, the eighth gradient cam surface 48c of the pressurization upper cam 48 contacts the third gradient cam surface 22c of the upper intermediate cam 22, and the top end 47a of the elastic member 47 provided on the pressurization lower cam 46 is obtained. Contacts the bottom 12a of the elastic member receiving portion 12 on which the upper die plate 11 is formed. The knockout pin 39 retains the dimension α from the molding surface 35 to the top end 39a, and is retracted to the retracted position in the knockout pin hole 36. Further, the inner punch 20 supported by the upper cam 18 is retracted into the inner punch insertion hole 17 with its tip 20 a maintained on the same surface as the molding surface 16.

次に、この第１動作ステップＳ３に連続してラムを下死点まで下降し、上ダイプレート１１を図３に示す下死点に達するまで下降を続ける（第２動作ステップＳ４）。 Next, following the first operation step S3, the ram is lowered to the bottom dead center, and the upper die plate 11 is kept lowered until reaching the bottom dead center shown in FIG. 3 (second operation step S4).

この第２動作ステップＳ４おいて下降するラムによって上ダイプレート１１の下降を続けると、下降する上型１５によって下型３４がラムによる上ダイプレート１１の下降速度Ｖ１で押し下げられ、下型３４に結合されたバンパカム３７が下型３４と共に下降速度Ｖ１で下降する。下型３４及びバンパカム３７の下降に伴ってノックアウトバー３８に基端が支持されたノックアウトピン３９の頂端３９ａが、成形面３５からの寸法βまでノックアウトピン孔３６内を進入する。即ちノックピン３９が型内に寸法（α−β）だけ進入する。 When the upper die plate 11 continues to descend by the ram descending in the second operation step S4, the lower die 34 is pushed down by the descending upper die 15 at the descending speed V1 of the upper die plate 11 by the ram, and the lower die 34 is moved to the lower die 34. The combined bumper cam 37 moves down with the lower mold 34 at the lowering speed V1. As the lower die 34 and the bumper cam 37 are lowered, the top end 39 a of the knockout pin 39 whose base end is supported by the knockout bar 38 enters the knockout pin hole 36 to the dimension β from the molding surface 35. That is, the knock pin 39 enters the mold by the dimension (α−β).

一方、バンパカム３７の下降に伴って、バンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂに第５勾配カム面４２ｂが摺動自在に接する下側中間カム４２が前進位置からガイドレールに誘導されて軸線Ｌから離れる矢印Ｄ方向に押動する。 On the other hand, as the bumper cam 37 descends, the lower intermediate cam 42 in which the fifth gradient cam surface 42b is slidably in contact with the fourth gradient cam surface 37b of the bumper cam 37 is guided from the advance position to the guide rail from the axis L. Push in the direction of arrow D to leave.

下降するバンパカム３７によって矢印Ｄ方向に押動される下側中間カム４２の第６勾配カム面４２ｃに第７勾配カム面４６ｃが摺動自在に接する加圧下カム４６が弾性部材４７を圧縮付与しつつガイドポスト４５に沿って下降位置から矢印Ｅ方向に上昇する。 The lower pressure cam 46 with which the seventh gradient cam surface 46c is slidably in contact with the sixth gradient cam surface 42c of the lower intermediate cam 42 pushed in the direction of arrow D by the descending bumper cam 37 compresses and applies the elastic member 47. While rising along the guide post 45 from the lowered position in the direction of arrow E.

加圧下カム４６の上昇に伴って加圧上カム４８が上昇し、加圧上カム４８の第８勾配カム面４８ｃに第３勾配カム面２２ｃが摺動自在に接する上側中間カム２２を後退位置から前進位置に向かって矢印Ａ方向に押動する。 As the lower pressure cam 46 is raised, the upper pressure cam 48 is raised, and the upper intermediate cam 22 in which the third gradient cam surface 22c is slidably in contact with the eighth gradient cam surface 48c of the pressure increase cam 48 is moved backward. Is pushed in the direction of arrow A toward the forward position.

この上側中間カム２２のＡ方向への押動に伴って、上側中間カム２２の第２勾配カム面２２ｂに第１勾配カム面１８ｂが摺動自在に接する上カム１８がスプリング１９の張力に抗して上カム支持部１１ａから離れて軸線Ｌに沿って下降し、上カム１８に支持されたインナーパンチ２０が共に下降する。ここで、インナーパンチ２０の下降速度Ｖは、上ダイプレート１１の下降速度Ｖ１に上側中間カム２２によって上カム１８を押し下げられる押下速度Ｖ２が付与され（Ｖ＝Ｖ１＋Ｖ２）、上型１５の下降速度Ｖ１より大きくなりインナーパンチ２０の頂端２０ａが成形面１６から突出して型内に進入する。 As the upper intermediate cam 22 is pushed in the A direction, the upper cam 18 in which the first gradient cam surface 18 b is slidably in contact with the second gradient cam surface 22 b of the upper intermediate cam 22 resists the tension of the spring 19. Then, it moves away from the upper cam support portion 11a along the axis L, and the inner punch 20 supported by the upper cam 18 is lowered together. Here, as the lowering speed V of the inner punch 20, the lowering speed V1 of the upper die plate 11 is given a pressing speed V2 that pushes down the upper cam 18 by the upper intermediate cam 22 (V = V1 + V2). It becomes larger than V1 and the top end 20a of the inner punch 20 protrudes from the molding surface 16 and enters the mold.

このように上型１５及び下型３４によって形成された型内にノックアウトピン３９及びインナーパンチ２０が進入することで、第１動作ステップＳ３において鍛造された素材が、上型１５及び下型３４の成形面１６、３５及び進入したノックアウトピン３９の頂端３９ａ及びインナーパンチ２０の先端２０ａによって形成された成形空間４０内に型満して所定の形状に鍛造成形される。 As the knockout pin 39 and the inner punch 20 enter the mold formed by the upper mold 15 and the lower mold 34 in this way, the material forged in the first operation step S3 becomes the upper mold 15 and the lower mold 34. The molding space 40 formed by the molding surfaces 16, 35, the top end 39a of the knockout pin 39 that has entered and the tip 20a of the inner punch 20 is filled and forged into a predetermined shape.

この第２動作ステップＳ４において、バンパカム３７の下降により下側中間カム４２を介して上昇する加圧下カム４６によって圧縮付与された弾性部材４７の反力Ｒ１が加圧下カム４２を下方に押し下げる矢印Ｆ方向に作用し、加圧下カム４６の第７勾配カム面４６ｃに第６勾配カム面４２ｃが摺動自在に圧接する下側中間カム４２を前進位置側に押圧する矢印Ｃ方向に伝達され、その反力が下側中間カム４２の第５勾配カム面４２ｂに摺動自在に圧接する第４勾配カム面３７ｂを介してバンパカム３７を押し上げる方向、即ち上型１５からの押圧力に対向する反力Ｒ２がバンパカム３７に作用する。 In the second operation step S4, an arrow F indicates that the reaction force R1 of the elastic member 47 compressed and applied by the lower pressure cam 46 that is raised through the lower intermediate cam 42 by the lowering of the bumper cam 37 pushes the lower pressure cam 42 downward. Is transmitted in the direction of the arrow C that presses the lower intermediate cam 42 slidably pressed against the seventh gradient cam surface 46c of the lower pressure cam 46 to the forward position side. The reaction force opposes the pressing force from the upper die 15 in the direction in which the bumper cam 37 is pushed up via the fourth gradient cam surface 37b slidably pressed against the fifth gradient cam surface 42b of the lower intermediate cam 42. R2 acts on the bumper cam 37.

また、インナーパンチ２０の型内進入に伴うインナーパンチ２０に作用する反力Ｒ３は、インナーパンチ２０を支持する上カム１８を押し上げる方向に作用し、上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂに摺動自在に圧接する第２勾配カム面２２ｂから上側中間カム２２に、この上側中間カム２２を後退位置側に押圧する矢印Ｂ方向に伝達され、上側中間カム２２の第３勾配カム面２２ｃに摺動自在に圧接する第８勾配カム面４８ｃから加圧上カム４８を押し下げる矢印Ｆ方向に伝達され、加圧上カム４８と一体結合された加圧下カム４６から下側中間カム４２を介してバンパカム３７に、バンパカム３７を押し上げる方向の反力Ｒ４として作用する。 Further, the reaction force R3 acting on the inner punch 20 as the inner punch 20 enters the mold acts in the direction of pushing up the upper cam 18 that supports the inner punch 20, and slides on the first gradient cam surface 18b of the upper cam 18. It is transmitted from the second gradient cam surface 22b that is movably pressed to the upper intermediate cam 22 in the direction of arrow B that presses the upper intermediate cam 22 toward the retracted position, and slides on the third gradient cam surface 22c of the upper intermediate cam 22. The bumper cam is transmitted from the pressurizing lower cam 46 integrally connected to the pressurizing upper cam 48 through the lower intermediate cam 42 and transmitted in the direction of the arrow F that pushes down the pressurizing upper cam 48 from the eighth gradient cam surface 48c that is movably pressed. 37 acts as a reaction force R4 in the direction in which the bumper cam 37 is pushed up.

これらの反力Ｒ２及びＲ４が上型１５からの押圧力に対向する反力として下型３４に付加され、上型１５の合わせ面１５ａと下型３４の合わせ面３４ａを十分な圧接力で圧接する型締め力が確保でき、インナーパンチ２０及びノックアウトピン３９を型内に進入させる型満しに伴う型開きが確実に防止できる。これにより鍛造品に発生するバリの発生を抑制すると共に、材料歩留まり及び加工精度が確保できる。 These reaction forces R2 and R4 are added to the lower die 34 as reaction forces opposed to the pressing force from the upper die 15, and the mating surface 15a of the upper die 15 and the mating surface 34a of the lower die 34 are pressed with sufficient pressure contact force. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the mold from being opened when the inner punch 20 and the knockout pin 39 enter the mold. As a result, the generation of burrs generated in the forged product can be suppressed, and the material yield and processing accuracy can be ensured.

ここで、この第２動作ステップＳ４においてバンパカム３７、下側中間カム４２、加圧下カム４６、加圧上カム４８、上側中間カム２２及び上カム１８により構成されるカム機構において、下降する上型１５によるバンパカム３７を押し下げる押圧力に対する下側中間カム４２を矢印Ｄ方向へ押動する押圧力は、バンパカム３７の下降方向、換言すると軸線Ｌに対する第４勾配カム面３７ｂと第５勾配カム面４２ｂの接触角に相応して減少すると共に、接触角に応じてバンパカム３７の下降速度と下側中間カム４２の相対移動速度及び相対移動量が変化する。 Here, in the cam mechanism constituted by the bumper cam 37, the lower intermediate cam 42, the pressurizing lower cam 46, the pressurizing upper cam 48, the upper intermediate cam 22 and the upper cam 18 in the second operation step S4, the upper mold is lowered. The pressing force that pushes the lower intermediate cam 42 in the direction of arrow D against the pressing force that pushes the bumper cam 37 down by 15 is the lowering direction of the bumper cam 37, in other words, the fourth gradient cam surface 37 b and the fifth gradient cam surface 42 b with respect to the axis L. And the lowering speed of the bumper cam 37 and the relative movement speed and the relative movement amount of the lower intermediate cam 42 change according to the contact angle.

同様に、下側中間カム４２による矢印Ｄ方向への押圧力に対する加圧下カム４６を矢印Ｅ方向に上昇させる押圧力は下側中間カム４２を押動する矢印Ｄ方向に対する第６勾配カム面４２ｃと第７勾配カム面４６ｃの接触角に相応して減少すると共に、接触角に応じて下側中間カム４２と加圧下カム４６の相対移動速度及び相対移動量が変化する。また、加圧上カム４８による矢印Ｅ方向への押圧力に対する上側中間カム２２を矢印Ａ方向に押動させる押圧力は、加圧上カム４８を押動する矢印Ｅ方向に対する第８勾配カム面４８ｃと第３勾配カム面２２ｃの接触角に相応して減少すると共に、接触角に応じて加圧上カム４８と上側中間カム２２の相対移動速度及び相対移動量が変化する。更に、上側中間カム２２による矢印Ａ方向への押圧力に対する上カム１８を軸線Ｌに沿って下方に押動させる押圧力は、上側中間カム２２を押動する矢印Ａ方向に対する第２勾配カム面２２ｂと第１勾配カム面１８ｂの接触角に相応して減少すると共に、接触角に応じて上側中間カム２２と上カム１８の相対移動速度及び相対移動量が変化する。 Similarly, the pressing force that raises the pressurizing lower cam 46 in the arrow E direction against the pressing force in the arrow D direction by the lower intermediate cam 42 is the sixth gradient cam surface 42c in the arrow D direction that pushes the lower intermediate cam 42. And the seventh gradient cam surface 46c, the relative movement speed and the relative movement amount of the lower intermediate cam 42 and the lower pressure cam 46 change according to the contact angle. Further, the pressing force for pressing the upper intermediate cam 22 in the direction of arrow A against the pressing force in the direction of arrow E by the pressing upper cam 48 is the eighth gradient cam surface in the direction of arrow E for pressing the pressing upper cam 48. 48c and the third gradient cam surface 22c decrease in accordance with the contact angle, and the relative moving speed and the relative moving amount of the pressurizing upper cam 48 and the upper intermediate cam 22 change in accordance with the contact angle. Further, the pressing force that pushes the upper cam 18 downward along the axis L with respect to the pressing force in the arrow A direction by the upper intermediate cam 22 is the second gradient cam surface in the arrow A direction that pushes the upper intermediate cam 22. The relative moving speed and the relative moving amount of the upper intermediate cam 22 and the upper cam 18 change according to the contact angle.

従って、上カム１８に配設されたインナーパンチ２０を型内に挿入する押圧力、挿入速度、挿入寸法等の鍛造条件は、互いに摺動自在に接触する第４勾配カム面３７ｂと第５勾配カム面４２ｂ、第６勾配カム面４２ｃと第７勾配カム面４６ｃ、第８勾配カム面４８ｃと第３勾配カム面２２ｃ、第２勾配カム面２２ｂと第１勾配カム面１８ｂの各接触角を適宜予めシミュレーションや実験等により設定することにより確保でき、所期の型満による所定形状の鍛造成形が得られる。 Therefore, the forging conditions such as the pressing force, insertion speed, and insertion dimension for inserting the inner punch 20 disposed in the upper cam 18 into the die are the fourth gradient cam surface 37b and the fifth gradient that are slidably in contact with each other. The contact angles of the cam surface 42b, the sixth gradient cam surface 42c and the seventh gradient cam surface 46c, the eighth gradient cam surface 48c and the third gradient cam surface 22c, and the second gradient cam surface 22b and the first gradient cam surface 18b are determined. It can be ensured by appropriately setting in advance by simulation, experiment, etc., and forging with a predetermined shape can be obtained with the desired mold filling.

このようにして鍛造成形を行った後、プレス機のラムを下死点位置から上死点位置に上昇させる（型開きステップＳ５）。ラムの上昇に伴って上ダイプレート１１の上昇により、上ダイプレート１１と共に上型１５が上昇して下型３４への押圧力が次第に解除され、スプリングによって前進位置側、即ち矢印Ｃ方向に付勢された各下側中間カム４２が前進位置へ移動し、移動する各下側中間カム４２の第５勾配カム面４２ｂに摺動可能に接するバンパカム３７の第４勾配カム面３７ｂを介してバンパカム３７及び下型３４を、下型３４の段差３４ｃがストッパリング３３に当接するまで上昇させてバンパカム３７及び下型３４を上昇位置に保持し、上型１５の合わせ面１５ａと下型３４の合わせ面３４ａを離間させて型開きする。 After forging is performed in this way, the ram of the press machine is raised from the bottom dead center position to the top dead center position (die opening step S5). As the ram rises, the upper die plate 11 rises, so that the upper die 15 rises together with the upper die plate 11, and the pressing force to the lower die 34 is gradually released. Each of the biased lower intermediate cams 42 moves to the forward movement position, and the bumper cam is connected via the fourth gradient cam surface 37b of the bumper cam 37 slidably contacting the fifth gradient cam surface 42b of each moving lower intermediate cam 42. 37 and lower die 34 are raised until step 34c of lower die 34 comes into contact with stopper ring 33, and bumper cam 37 and lower die 34 are held in the raised position, and mating surface 15a of upper die 15 and lower die 34 are aligned. The mold is opened with the surface 34a spaced apart.

一方、下型中間カム４２の前進位置への移動に伴って第６勾配カム面４２ｃに第７勾配カム面４６ｃが接する加圧下カム４６及び加圧上カム４８が下降位置に下降し、かつ上ダイプレート１１の上昇により加圧上カム４８の第８勾配カム４８ｃから上側中間カム２２の第３勾配カム２２ｃが離れ、更に弾性部材４７の頂端４７ａが上ダイプレート１１に形成された弾性部材受部１２の底部１２ａから離れる。 On the other hand, as the lower mold intermediate cam 42 moves to the forward movement position, the lower pressure cam 46 and the higher pressure cam 48 where the seventh gradient cam surface 46c contacts the sixth gradient cam surface 42c are lowered to the lower position, and As the die plate 11 is raised, the third gradient cam 22c of the upper intermediate cam 22 is separated from the eighth gradient cam 48c of the pressurization upper cam 48, and the top end 47a of the elastic member 47 is further formed on the upper die plate 11. It leaves | separates from the bottom part 12a of the part 12. FIG.

上カム１８は、スプリング１９の張力によって上昇して上カム支持部１１ａに上面１８ａが当接する上昇位置に移動し、上型１５のインナーパンチ挿入孔１７に挿入されたインナーパンチ２０を退避位置に移動する。この上カム１８の移動により第１勾配カム面１８ｂに第２勾配カム面２２ｂが摺動自在に接する上側中間カム２２が、前進位置から後退位置に押動される。 The upper cam 18 rises due to the tension of the spring 19 and moves to a raised position where the upper surface 18a contacts the upper cam support portion 11a, and the inner punch 20 inserted into the inner punch insertion hole 17 of the upper die 15 is moved to the retracted position. Moving. By the movement of the upper cam 18, the upper intermediate cam 22 in which the second gradient cam surface 22b is slidably in contact with the first gradient cam surface 18b is pushed from the forward movement position to the backward movement position.

しかる後、ノックアウトバー３８を上昇させてノックアウトピン３９を退避位置から上昇位置に上昇させて、ノックアウトピン孔３６内を上昇移動するノックアウトピン３９の頂端３９ａにより下型３４の成形面３５及びノックアウトピン孔３６に嵌合して保持されている鍛造品を上方に押し出し、鍛造品を搬出する。しかる後ノックアウトバー３８を下降させ、ノックアウトピン３９を退避位置に下降させる（ワーク搬出ステップＳ６）。 Thereafter, the knockout bar 38 is raised to raise the knockout pin 39 from the retracted position to the raised position, and the molding surface 35 and the knockout pin of the lower die 34 are moved by the top end 39a of the knockout pin 39 that moves up in the knockout pin hole 36. The forged product fitted and held in the hole 36 is pushed upward to carry out the forged product. Thereafter, the knockout bar 38 is lowered and the knockout pin 39 is lowered to the retracted position (work unloading step S6).

このように構成された本実施の形態に係る閉塞鍛造装置１によると、第２動作ステップにおいて下型３４の下降に伴ってノックアウトピン３９がノックアウトピン孔３６から型内に挿入し、かつ下型３４の下降動作を変換してインナーパンチ挿入孔１７からインナーパンチ２０を型内に挿入する上カム１８、上側中間カム２２、バンパカム３７、下側中間カム４２、加圧下カム４６及び加圧上カム４８からなるカム機構を備え、かつ加圧下カム４６と上ダイプレート１１との間に介在した弾性部材４７によりカム機構を介して下型３４に反力を付与することから、弾性部材４７の目視確認、及び上ダイプレート１１の上昇により容易に弾性部材４７の脱着等が容易になりメンテナンス性が向上すると共に、複雑な油圧機構及び油圧制御装置等の付帯設備が不要であり、構成の簡素化及びコンパクト化が得られる。また、カム機構により弾性部材４７に付加される荷重が低減され、弾性部材４７及び弾性部材４７を支持する各部の要求強度の低減が得られると共に、コンパクト化が得られる。 According to the closed forging device 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the knockout pin 39 is inserted into the mold from the knockout pin hole 36 in accordance with the lowering of the lower mold 34 in the second operation step, and the lower mold The upper cam 18, the upper intermediate cam 22, the bumper cam 37, the lower intermediate cam 42, the pressure lowering cam 46, and the pressure uppering cam that insert the inner punch 20 into the mold through the inner punch insertion hole 17 by converting the lowering operation of the upper 34. 48, and a reaction force is applied to the lower die 34 via the cam mechanism by the elastic member 47 interposed between the lower pressurizing cam 46 and the upper die plate 11, so that the elastic member 47 is visually observed. Checking and raising the upper die plate 11 facilitates the attachment / detachment of the elastic member 47 and the like, thereby improving the maintainability and providing a complicated hydraulic mechanism and hydraulic control device. Ancillary equipment is not required, simplifying and downsizing the structure is obtained. In addition, the load applied to the elastic member 47 by the cam mechanism is reduced, and the required strength of the elastic member 47 and each part that supports the elastic member 47 can be reduced, and the size can be reduced.

また、上カム１８の第１勾配カム面１８ｂ、上側中間カム２２、加圧下カム４６及び加圧上カム４８を軸線Ｌの回りに複数対称配置することにより軸線Ｌに沿った均衡のとれた押圧力をインナーパンチ２０に付与することができ、良好な閉塞鍛造を得ることができる。 Further, a plurality of the first gradient cam surface 18b, the upper intermediate cam 22, the lower pressure cam 46, and the upper pressure cam 48 of the upper cam 18 are arranged symmetrically around the axis L so that a balanced push along the axis L is achieved. Pressure can be applied to the inner punch 20 and good closed forging can be obtained.

また、カム機構の互いに接する第４勾配カム面３７ｂと第５勾配カム面４２ｂ、第６勾配カム面４２ｃと第７勾配カム面４６ｃ、第８勾配カム面４８ｃと第３勾配カム面２２ｃ、第２勾配カム面２２ｂと第１勾配カム面１８ｂのいずれかの任意の接触角を変更することにより、上カム１８に配設されたインナーパンチ２０を型内に挿入する押圧力、挿入速度、挿入寸法等の鍛造条件を容易に変更することができる。 Further, the fourth gradient cam surface 37b and the fifth gradient cam surface 42b, the sixth gradient cam surface 42c and the seventh gradient cam surface 46c, the eighth gradient cam surface 48c and the third gradient cam surface 22c, By changing any contact angle between the two gradient cam surfaces 22b and the first gradient cam surface 18b, the pressing force, insertion speed, and insertion for inserting the inner punch 20 disposed in the upper cam 18 into the mold Forging conditions such as dimensions can be easily changed.

なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されることなく、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能である。例えば、上記実施の形態では加圧下カム４６と加圧上カム４８を一体的に結合したが、加圧下カム４６と加圧上カム４８を予め一体に形成することもできる。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the lower pressure cam 46 and the upper pressure cam 48 are integrally coupled, but the lower pressure cam 46 and the upper pressure cam 48 may be integrally formed in advance.

本発明の実施の形態に係る閉塞鍛造装置の構成図であり、プレス機が上死点にある状態を示す閉塞鍛造装置の断面図である。It is a lineblock diagram of the closure forging device concerning an embodiment of the invention, and shows the state where a press machine is in a top dead center. 成形途中状態を示す閉塞鍛造装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the closed forging apparatus which shows the state in the middle of shaping | molding. プレス機が下死点にある状態の閉塞鍛造装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the closed forging apparatus in the state which has a press machine in a bottom dead center. 鍛造行程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a forge process.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１閉塞鍛造装置
１１上ダイプレート
１２弾性部材受部
１３上ブロック
１５上型
１７インナーパンチ挿入孔（上側パンチ挿入孔）
１８上カム
１８ｂ第１勾配カム面
１９スプリング（上カム付勢手段）
２０インナーパンチ（上側パンチ）
２２上側中間カム
２２ｂ第２勾配カム面
２２ｃ第３勾配カム面
３１下ダイプレート
３１ａノックアウトバー挿通孔（下側パンチ挿入孔）
３４下型
３５成形面
３６ノックアウトピン孔（下側パンチ挿入孔）
３７バンパカム
３７ｂ第４勾配カム面
３９ノックアウトピン（下側パンチ）
４０成形空部
４２下側中間カム
４２ｂ第５勾配カム面
４２ｃ第６勾配カム面
４６加圧下カム
４６Ａカム本体
４６ａ弾性部材支持部
４６ｃ第７勾配カム面
４７弾性部材
４７ａ頂端
４８加圧上カム
４８ｃ第８勾配カム面
Ｌ軸線
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Closure forging apparatus 11 Upper die plate 12 Elastic member receiving part 13 Upper block 15 Upper mold | type 17 Inner punch insertion hole (upper punch insertion hole)
18 Upper cam 18b First gradient cam surface 19 Spring (upper cam biasing means)
20 Inner punch (upper punch)
22 Upper intermediate cam 22b Second gradient cam surface 22c Third gradient cam surface 31 Lower die plate 31a Knockout bar insertion hole (lower punch insertion hole)
34 Lower mold 35 Molding surface 36 Knockout pin hole (lower punch insertion hole)
37 Bumper cam 37b 4th slope cam surface 39 Knockout pin (lower punch)
40 Forming empty portion 42 Lower intermediate cam 42b Fifth gradient cam surface 42c Sixth gradient cam surface 46 Pressurizing lower cam 46A Cam body 46a Elastic member support portion 46c Seventh gradient cam surface 47 Elastic member 47a Top end 48 Pressurizing upper cam 48c Eighth slope cam surface L axis

Claims

上型が取り付けられ軸線に沿って昇降する上ダイプレートと下型が取り付けられる下ダイプレートが対向してプレス機に配置され、素材を上記上型と下型からなる型内に閉塞し、上型及び下型にそれぞれ穿設された上側パンチ挿入孔と下側パンチ挿入孔から上側パンチ及び下側パンチを挿入して閉塞鍛造成形する閉塞鍛造装置において、
上ダイプレートの下降により下降する上型と、
該下降する上型と協働して素材を型内に閉塞すると共に上型に押下げられて下降する下型と、
該下型の下降に伴って上記下側パンチ挿入孔から型内に挿入する下側パンチと、
上記下型と上側パンチとの間に介在し、下型の下降動作を変換して上記上側パンチ挿入孔から上記上側パンチを型内に挿入するカム機構と、
該カム機構と上ダイプレートとの間に介在して上型による押し下げに抗する反力を上記カム機構を介して下型に付与する弾性部材とを備えたこと特徴とする閉塞鍛造装置。 An upper die plate that is mounted with an upper die and moves up and down along the axis and a lower die plate to which the lower die is attached are arranged opposite to each other in the press machine, and the material is closed in the die composed of the upper die and the lower die. In the closed forging device for inserting the upper punch and the lower punch from the upper punch insertion hole and the lower punch insertion hole respectively drilled in the mold and the lower mold and performing the closed forging molding,
An upper die that descends by lowering the upper die plate;
A lower mold that closes the material in the mold in cooperation with the lower mold and that is pushed down by the upper mold,
A lower punch that is inserted into the mold from the lower punch insertion hole as the lower mold is lowered;
A cam mechanism that is interposed between the lower die and the upper punch, converts a lowering movement of the lower die, and inserts the upper punch into the die from the upper punch insertion hole;
A closed forging device comprising: an elastic member interposed between the cam mechanism and the upper die plate and imparting a reaction force against the pressing by the upper die to the lower die via the cam mechanism.

上記カム機構は、
上ダイプレートの下面に、上記軸線と同軸上に配置されて該上ダイプレートの下面に圧接する上方方向に上カム付勢手段により付勢付与されると共に、外周に第１勾配カム面が形成された上カムと、
上記第１勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第２勾配カム面及び第３勾配カム面を有して上ダイプレートの下面に沿って上記軸線に対して接離方向に移動自在に支持され、軸線に接近する方向に移動して上記上カムを上記軸線に沿って下方に押動する上側中間カムと、
上記軸線と同軸上に配置されて下型に結合されると共に外周に第４勾配カム面が形成されたバンパカムと、
上記第４勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第５勾配カム面及び第６勾配カム面を有し下ダイプレートの上面に沿って上記軸線に対して接離方向に移動自在に支持され、上記バンパカムの下降により軸線から離反する方向に押動される下側中間カムと、
上記第６勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第７勾配カム面を有して昇降に自在に支持され、上記下側中間カムの軸線から離反する方向への移動により上方に押動される加圧下カムと、
該加圧下カムと一体的に設けられて上記上側中間カムの第３勾配カム面に摺動可能に接する第８勾配カム面を有し、上昇によって上記上側中間カムを軸線に接近する方向に押動する加圧上カムとを備え、
上記軸線に沿って延在して頂端が上記上型の上側パンチ挿入孔に挿入する上側パンチの基端が上記上カムに支持されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の閉塞鍛造装置。 The cam mechanism is
The upper cam plate is arranged on the lower surface of the upper die plate so as to be coaxial with the axis, and is biased by the upper cam biasing means in the upward direction contacting the lower surface of the upper die plate, and the first gradient cam surface is formed on the outer periphery. With a top cam,
The second gradient cam surface and the third gradient cam surface that are slidably in contact with the first gradient cam surface are supported along the lower surface of the upper die plate so as to be movable toward and away from the axis. An upper intermediate cam that moves in a direction approaching the axis and pushes the upper cam downward along the axis;
A bumper cam disposed coaxially with the axis and coupled to the lower mold and having a fourth gradient cam surface formed on the outer periphery;
A fifth gradient cam surface and a sixth gradient cam surface that are slidably in contact with the fourth gradient cam surface, and are supported so as to be movable toward and away from the axis along the upper surface of the lower die plate; A lower intermediate cam that is pushed in a direction away from the axis by the lowering of the bumper cam;
The seventh gradient cam surface that is slidably in contact with the sixth gradient cam surface is supported so as to be able to move up and down and is pushed upward by movement in a direction away from the axis of the lower intermediate cam. A reduction cam,
An eighth gradient cam surface is provided integrally with the lower pressure cam and slidably contacts the third gradient cam surface of the upper intermediate cam, and pushes the upper intermediate cam in a direction approaching the axis by raising. A pressurizing upper cam that moves,
The closed forging device according to claim 1, wherein a base end of an upper punch extending along the axis and having a top end inserted into the upper punch insertion hole of the upper die is supported by the upper cam.

上記上カムの第１勾配カム面、上側中間カムの第２勾配カム面及び第３勾配カム面、バンパカムの第４勾配カム面、下側中間カムの第５勾配カム面及び第６勾配カム面、加圧下カムの第７勾配カム面及び加圧上カムの第８勾配カム面は、それぞれ上記軸線の回りに複数対称配置されたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の閉塞鍛造装置。 The first gradient cam surface of the upper cam, the second gradient cam surface and the third gradient cam surface of the upper intermediate cam, the fourth gradient cam surface of the bumper cam, the fifth gradient cam surface and the sixth gradient cam surface of the lower intermediate cam. 3. The closed forging device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the seventh gradient cam surfaces of the under-pressurization cam and the eighth gradient cam surface of the pressurization-up cam are arranged symmetrically around the axis.

上記上側中間カムを、該第２勾配カム面が上記上カムの第１勾配カム面に圧接する方向に付勢する上側カム付勢手段を有し、
上記下側中間カムを、該第５勾配カム面が上記バンパカムの第４勾配カム面に圧接する方向に付勢する下側カム付勢手段を有することを特徴とする請求項２または３に記載の閉塞鍛造装置。 Upper cam biasing means for biasing the upper intermediate cam in a direction in which the second gradient cam surface is in pressure contact with the first gradient cam surface of the upper cam;
4. The lower intermediate cam is provided with lower cam biasing means for biasing the lower intermediate cam in a direction in which the fifth gradient cam surface is in pressure contact with the fourth gradient cam surface of the bumper cam. Closed forging equipment.

上記弾性部材は、上記軸線方向に延在し基端が上記加圧下カムに支持され頂端が上ダイプレートの下面に対向することを特徴とする請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の閉塞鍛造装置。 5. The elastic member according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member extends in the axial direction, has a base end supported by the cam under pressure, and a top end opposed to a lower surface of the upper die plate. Closed forging device.

上記下側パンチ挿入孔が下型に穿孔されたノックアウトピン孔であり、下側パンチがノックアウトピンであることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の閉塞鍛造装置。
The closed forging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower punch insertion hole is a knockout pin hole formed in a lower mold, and the lower punch is a knockout pin.