JP2007178207A - Microwave distance meter - Google Patents

Microwave distance meter Download PDF

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JP2007178207A
JP2007178207A JP2005375523A JP2005375523A JP2007178207A JP 2007178207 A JP2007178207 A JP 2007178207A JP 2005375523 A JP2005375523 A JP 2005375523A JP 2005375523 A JP2005375523 A JP 2005375523A JP 2007178207 A JP2007178207 A JP 2007178207A
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microwave
guide pipe
antenna
opening
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JP5004469B2 (en
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Hayae Kayano
早衛 萱野
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Wadeco Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obviate hindrance to the traffic of vehicles for work and of workers owing to a microwave distance meter disposed on a floor surface located above an object under inspection as in the case of a blast furnace for example, to reduce disassembling and reassembling work in maintenance, and further, to enhance detection accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: In this microwave distance meter, a guide pipe for propagating a microwave through its internal space is disposed above the object under inspection while an antenna is disposed on an end part of one opening of the guide pipe so that its transmission/reception surface confronts the opening. A reflector is disposed on an end part of the other opening for reflecting the microwave toward the object while guiding the reflected microwave to the guide pipe, with the microwave being transmitted from the antenna and propagating through the guide pipe. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、マイクロ波を被検出物に向けて送信し、被検出物で反射された反射マイクロ波を受信して被検出物までの距離を計測するマイクロ波距離計に関する。   The present invention relates to a microwave rangefinder that transmits a microwave toward a detection object, receives a reflected microwave reflected by the detection object, and measures a distance to the detection object.

従来より、工場生産現場や作業現場において加工品等の物体までの位置をレーザ光や赤外線等を用いて計測することが行われている。しかし、このような光を検出媒体に用いた距離計では、例えば高温多湿で、水蒸気やオイルミスト等が存在したり、低温で結露や氷結が起こる使用環境では検出が困難になるという欠点がある。   Conventionally, a position to an object such as a processed product is measured using a laser beam, an infrared ray, or the like at a factory production site or a work site. However, a distance meter using such light as a detection medium has a drawback that it is difficult to detect in a use environment where high temperature and humidity are present, water vapor, oil mist, etc. are present, or condensation or icing occurs at low temperatures. .

のような環境下での物体検出には、検出媒体としてマイクロ波を使用した物体検出装置が使用されることが多い。例えば、図９に示すように、高炉では、傾注樋９からトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０に溶銑１１が供給されるが、その際、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の受銑量を検出するために溶銑１１の液面１２を検出する必要がある。しかし、溶銑１１は高温であるため赤外線は使用できず、また、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の上方及び周囲には水蒸気や粉塵が多く存在しているためレーザ光が遮断され、何れも溶銑１１の液面１２を検出できない。そこで、高温や水蒸気、粉塵による影響を受けないマイクロ波を検出媒体に用いて溶銑１１の液面１２を検出することが行われている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。即ち、同図に示すように、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の直上にアンテナ３Ａを配置し、マイクロ波送受信器１Ａで発振したマイクロ波を導波管２Ａを通じてアンテナ３Ａから送信し、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の溶銑１１の液面１２で反射された反射マイクロ波をアンテナ３Ａで受信し、導波管２Ａを通じてマイクロ波送受信器１Ａに導き、受信した反射マイクロ波を検波する。尚、図中の符号６はマイクロ波の伝搬経路を示す。   For the object detection under such an environment, an object detection device using a microwave as a detection medium is often used. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, in the blast furnace, hot metal 11 is supplied from the tilting iron 9 to the topped car or hot metal ladle 10, and at that time, in order to detect the amount of hot metal 11 received, It is necessary to detect the liquid level 12. However, since the hot metal 11 is at a high temperature, infrared rays cannot be used, and since there are a lot of water vapor and dust above and around the topped car or hot metal pan 10, the laser beam is cut off. The surface 12 cannot be detected. Therefore, the liquid level 12 of the hot metal 11 is detected using a microwave that is not affected by high temperature, water vapor, or dust as a detection medium (see, for example, Patent Document 1). That is, as shown in the figure, the antenna 3A is disposed immediately above the topped car or hot metal ladle 10, and the microwave oscillated by the microwave transceiver 1A is transmitted from the antenna 3A through the waveguide 2A. The reflected microwave reflected by the liquid surface 12 of the hot metal 11 is received by the antenna 3A, guided to the microwave transceiver 1A through the waveguide 2A, and the received reflected microwave is detected. Reference numeral 6 in the figure denotes a microwave propagation path.

特開平５−２０２４０９号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-202409

図８に示すように、高炉では通常、傾注樋９並びにトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０は鋳床７の下方に配置されている。鋳床７の上を作業用車両が通行したり、作業員が往来する。そして、マイクロ波距離計は、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の直上に設けられた開口１３の上にアンテナ３Ａを配設し、このアンテナ３Ａとマイクロ波送受信器１Ａとを導波管２Ａで接続している。そのため、マイクロ波距離計は、装置全体が鋳床７の床面から突出しており、作業用車両の通行や作業員の往来に支障を来たしている。   As shown in FIG. 8, in the blast furnace, the tilting iron 9 and the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10 are usually arranged below the casting bed 7. A work vehicle passes over the casting floor 7 or workers come and go. In the microwave rangefinder, the antenna 3A is disposed on the opening 13 provided immediately above the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10, and the antenna 3A and the microwave transceiver 1A are connected by the waveguide 2A. Yes. For this reason, the entire microwave distance meter protrudes from the floor surface of the cast floor 7 and hinders the passage of work vehicles and the traffic of workers.

また、高炉では、傾注樋９の保守のために、鋳床７は、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の直上部分（取外し鋳床８）が取外し可能に構成されている。そのため、取外し鋳床８に固定されたマイクロ波距離計の構成部品も、他の構成部品から取外す必要があり、更には保守後の組み直し作業が必要になる。   Further, in the blast furnace, for maintenance of the tilting iron 9, the cast floor 7 is configured such that the topped car or the portion directly above the hot metal ladle 10 (the removal cast floor 8) can be removed. For this reason, it is necessary to remove the components of the microwave rangefinder fixed to the removal casting floor 8 from other components as well, and to reassemble after maintenance.

更に、マイクロ波６はアンテナ３Ａからある広がりをもって送信されるため、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の溶銑１１の液面１２以外で反射された反射マイクロ波を受信することもあり、正確な計測の妨げになる。極端な場合は、取外し鋳床８に設けた開口１３の周壁からの反射マイクロ波を検知する。尚、このようなマイクロ波の広がり、並びにそれに由来する不要反射マイクロ波の受信の問題は、高炉に限らず、本質的な問題である。   Further, since the microwave 6 is transmitted with a certain spread from the antenna 3A, a reflected microwave reflected by a surface other than the liquid surface 12 of the hot metal 11 of the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10 may be received, which hinders accurate measurement. Become. In an extreme case, the reflected microwave from the peripheral wall of the opening 13 provided in the removal casting floor 8 is detected. Such a problem of the spread of microwaves and the reception of unnecessary reflected microwaves derived therefrom is not limited to the blast furnace, but is an essential problem.

本発明は、例えば高炉のように、被検出物の上方に位置する床面に配設されるマイクロ波距離計における、作業用車両や作業員の往来の妨げを解消し、保守時の分解及び組み直し作業を軽減でき、更に検出精度の向上を図ることを目的とする。   The present invention eliminates the hindrance to traffic of work vehicles and workers in a microwave rangefinder disposed on the floor located above the object to be detected, such as a blast furnace, The purpose is to reduce the reassembly work and to further improve the detection accuracy.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明は以下のマイクロ波距離計を提供する。
（１）マイクロ波送信器から発振されるマイクロ波をアンテナから被検出物に向けて送信し、被検出物で反射された反射マイクロ波をアンテナで受信し、受信したマイクロ波をマイクロ波送受信器に送り、被検出物までの距離を計測するマイクロ波距離計において、
被検出物の上方に、その内部空間にマイクロ波を伝搬させるガイドパイプを配設するとともに、ガイドパイプの一方の開口の端部に、アンテナを送受信面が前記開口と対向するように配設し、かつ、他方の開口の端部に、アンテナから送信され該ガイドパイプを伝搬するマイクロ波を被検出物体に向けて反射させるとともに反射マイクロ波を該ガイドパイプに導くための反射板を配設したことを特徴とするマイクロ波距離計。
（２）ガイドパイプとアンテナとが分離可能であること特徴とする上記（１）記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（３）ガイドパイプが、その長さ方向の任意の位置で分割可能であることを特徴とする上記（１）記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（４）ガイドパイプの反射板と対向する側の開口が、開口上端から開口下端に向かって漸次アンテナ側に後退していることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（３）の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（５）ガイドパイプの反射板と対向する側の開口の下面に、開口端縁から所定長にわたり、切欠、複数の孔または網目が形成されていることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（３）の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（６）切欠の幅をアンテナ側に向かって漸次狭くするか、ガイドパイプの周方向における孔の配置数を反射板側が多く、アンテナ側が漸次少なくなるようにするか、網目が形成される領域の幅をアンテナ側に向かって漸次狭くすることを特徴とする上記（５）記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（７）ガイドパイプの下方に、切欠、孔または網目が形成されている領域を覆う邪魔板が配設されていることを特徴とする上記（５）または（６）記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（８）反射板の全面に、複数の孔または網目を形成したことを特徴とする上記（１）〜（７）の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。
（９）高炉内で鋳床の下方に配置されるトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋、あるいは鉱滓鍋の鉱滓量の受銑量を検出するために使用され、鋳床の内部または鋳床の下面にガイドパイプ、反射板及びアンテナを配設したことを特徴とする上記（１）〜（８）の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following microwave rangefinder.
(1) A microwave oscillated from a microwave transmitter is transmitted from an antenna toward a detected object, a reflected microwave reflected by the detected object is received by the antenna, and the received microwave is received by a microwave transceiver. In a microwave rangefinder that measures the distance to the object to be detected,
Above the object to be detected, a guide pipe for propagating microwaves is disposed in the internal space, and an antenna is disposed at the end of one opening of the guide pipe so that the transmitting / receiving surface faces the opening. In addition, a reflection plate for reflecting the microwave transmitted from the antenna and propagating through the guide pipe toward the object to be detected and guiding the reflected microwave to the guide pipe is disposed at the end of the other opening. A microwave rangefinder characterized by that.
(2) The microwave rangefinder according to (1), wherein the guide pipe and the antenna are separable.
(3) The microwave rangefinder according to (1), wherein the guide pipe can be divided at an arbitrary position in the length direction.
(4) Any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the opening of the guide pipe facing the reflecting plate gradually recedes from the upper end of the opening toward the lower end of the opening toward the antenna. A microwave rangefinder according to claim 1.
(5) The above (1) to (3), wherein notches, a plurality of holes or meshes are formed on the lower surface of the opening on the side facing the reflector of the guide pipe from the opening edge over a predetermined length. The microwave rangefinder according to any one of the above.
(6) The width of the notch is gradually narrowed toward the antenna side, or the number of holes arranged in the circumferential direction of the guide pipe is increased on the reflector side and gradually decreased on the antenna side, or in the region where the mesh is formed The microwave rangefinder according to (5), wherein the width is gradually narrowed toward the antenna side.
(7) The microwave rangefinder according to (5) or (6) above, wherein a baffle plate that covers a region where notches, holes, or meshes are formed is disposed below the guide pipe.
(8) The microwave rangefinder according to any one of (1) to (7) above, wherein a plurality of holes or meshes are formed on the entire surface of the reflector.
(9) It is used to detect the amount of iron ore received from the topped car or hot metal ladle placed in the blast furnace below the casting bed, or a guide pipe inside the casting bed or the lower surface of the casting bed. The microwave rangefinder according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein a reflector and an antenna are provided.

本発明のマイクロ波距離計は、被検出物の上方に、マイクロ波を伝搬させるガイドパイプを配置し、このガイドパイプの一端にアンテナを配し、他端に反射板を設けたものであり、アンテナから送信されるマイクロ波のより多くを被検出物に向けることができ、被検出物以外からの反射マイクロ波を極力排除できる。   The microwave distance meter of the present invention is such that a guide pipe for propagating microwaves is arranged above the object to be detected, an antenna is arranged at one end of the guide pipe, and a reflecting plate is provided at the other end. More microwaves transmitted from the antenna can be directed to the detected object, and reflected microwaves from other than the detected object can be eliminated as much as possible.

また、特に高炉において、ガイドパイプ、並びにそれに付随して反射板及びアンテナを鋳床の内部または下面に配設することができるため、鋳床上を往来する作業用車両や作業員の妨げにもならず、更にガイドパイプとアンテナとを分離可能とすることもでき、保守時の分解及び組み直し作業を軽減できる。   In particular, in a blast furnace, a guide pipe, and a reflector and an antenna can be provided on the inside or the bottom surface of the casting floor, which may hinder work vehicles and workers traveling on the casting floor. In addition, the guide pipe and the antenna can be separated from each other, and the disassembly and reassembly work during maintenance can be reduced.

以下、本発明に関して図面を参照して詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は、図８に対応して、高炉内でトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の受銑量を検出するために本発明のマイクロ波距離計を適用した例を示す模式である。鋳床７の下方に、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０が配置されており、そこへ傾注樋９を通じて溶銑１１が供給される。鋳床７のトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の直上部分には、取外し鋳床８が設けられており、保守時に鋳床７から取外し可能としている。   FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example in which the microwave distance meter of the present invention is applied to detect the amount of receiving of the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10 in the blast furnace, corresponding to FIG. A topped car or hot metal ladle 10 is arranged below the casting floor 7, and the hot metal 11 is supplied to the hot metal through the tilting iron 9. A removal cast floor 8 is provided in a toped car of the cast floor 7 or a portion directly above the hot metal ladle 10, and can be removed from the cast floor 7 during maintenance.

鋳床７及び取外し鋳床８は、鉄骨で梁を組み立て、その上に床面を置いた構成が一般的であり、取外し鋳床８の鉄骨梁の間にガイドパイプ４を水平に配設する。このガイドパイプ４は、アンテナ３の送受信面の外径よりも若干大きな内径を有する金属製の筒体（例えば鉄管やステンレス管）であり、その一方の開口４ａ（ここでは図中右側）が取外し鋳床８の一方の端縁８ａ（ここでは図中右側）と一致するように位置決めされている。尚、ガイドパイプ４は円筒の他、角筒、更には断面が多角形の筒体であってもよい。アンテナ３も、ホーンアンテナの他、パラボラアンテナでもよい。   The casting floor 7 and the removal casting floor 8 are generally constructed by assembling a beam with a steel frame and placing the floor surface thereon, and the guide pipe 4 is horizontally disposed between the steel beams of the removal casting floor 8. . The guide pipe 4 is a metal cylinder (for example, an iron pipe or a stainless steel pipe) having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the transmitting / receiving surface of the antenna 3, and one opening 4a (here, the right side in the figure) is removed. It is positioned so as to coincide with one end edge 8a (here, the right side in the figure) of the cast floor 8. The guide pipe 4 may be a cylinder, a square tube, or a polygonal cross section. The antenna 3 may be a parabolic antenna as well as a horn antenna.

また、取外し鋳床８には、ガイドパイプ４の他方の開口４ｂと対面して、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０に向けて傾斜する反射板５が配設されている。尚、反射板５は、ガイドパイプ４の開口４ｂに溶接もしくは固定治具等により固定してもよいし、ガイドパイプ４の開口４ｂから離間して配設してもよい。   The removal casting floor 8 is provided with a reflecting plate 5 that faces the other opening 4 b of the guide pipe 4 and is inclined toward the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10. The reflection plate 5 may be fixed to the opening 4b of the guide pipe 4 by welding or a fixing jig, or may be disposed apart from the opening 4b of the guide pipe 4.

鋳床７には、ガイドパイプ４の開口４ａと対向する位置に、アンテナ３が、その送受信面が前記開口４ａと対面するように配設される。ここで、ガイドパイプ４とアンテナ３とは、保守時に、取外し鋳床８を鋳床７から取外すことを考慮して、連結することなく、鋳床７と取外し鋳床８との隙間２０の分だけ離間している。   On the cast floor 7, the antenna 3 is disposed at a position facing the opening 4a of the guide pipe 4 so that the transmission / reception surface thereof faces the opening 4a. Here, the guide pipe 4 and the antenna 3 are connected to the gap 20 between the casting floor 7 and the removal casting floor 8 without being connected in consideration of removing the removal casting floor 8 from the casting floor 7 during maintenance. Only separated.

また、アンテナ３には導波管２を介してマイクロ波送受信器１が接続されているが、マイクロ波送受信器１及び導波管２は、作業用車両や作業員の往来の妨げにならないように鋳床７の下面に配設される。このような配置では、マイクロ波送受信器１が熱源である溶銑１１から離間するため、熱的外乱を受けることも無い。   Further, although the microwave transceiver 1 is connected to the antenna 3 via the waveguide 2, the microwave transceiver 1 and the waveguide 2 do not hinder the traffic of the work vehicle or the worker. Is disposed on the lower surface of the cast floor 7. In such an arrangement, the microwave transceiver 1 is separated from the hot metal 11 which is a heat source, and thus is not subjected to thermal disturbance.

このように構成されるマイクロ波距離計では、マイクロ波送信器１から発振されるマイクロ波を導波管２によりアンテナ３に導き、アンテナ３からマイクロ波をガイドパイプ４に向けて送信する。次いで、マイクロ波はガイドパイプ４の内部空間を伝搬して反射板５へと進み、反射板５で反射されてトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０へと送られる。そして、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の溶銑１１の液面１２で反射された反射マイクロ波は、反射板５へと向かい、反射板５で反射されてガイドパイプ４の内部空間を伝搬してアンテナ３で受信され、導波管２を介してマイクロ波送受信器１へと送られ、検波される。尚、図中の符号６は、このようなマイクロ波の伝搬経路を示す。   In the microwave distance meter configured as described above, the microwave oscillated from the microwave transmitter 1 is guided to the antenna 3 by the waveguide 2, and the microwave is transmitted from the antenna 3 toward the guide pipe 4. Next, the microwave propagates through the internal space of the guide pipe 4 and proceeds to the reflecting plate 5, is reflected by the reflecting plate 5, and is sent to the topped car or hot metal ladle 10. Then, the reflected microwave reflected by the liquid surface 12 of the hot metal 11 of the topped car or the hot metal pan 10 is directed to the reflective plate 5, reflected by the reflective plate 5, propagates in the internal space of the guide pipe 4, and is reflected by the antenna 3. It is received, sent to the microwave transceiver 1 via the waveguide 2 and detected. Note that reference numeral 6 in the figure indicates such a microwave propagation path.

上記のマイクロ波の伝搬において、アンテナ３から送信されたマイクロ波は、ガイドパイプ４の内部空間を伝搬することで、実質的に全てのマイクロ波が反射板５で反射され、ガイドパイプが無く、アンテナから直接送信される場合に比べて、より多くのマイクロ波がトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０へと向かう。それに伴い、不要な反射マイクロ波を受信することが少なくり、測定精度が高まる。   In the microwave propagation described above, the microwave transmitted from the antenna 3 propagates through the internal space of the guide pipe 4 so that substantially all the microwave is reflected by the reflecting plate 5 and there is no guide pipe. More microwaves are directed to the topped car or hot metal ladle 10 as compared to the case of direct transmission from the antenna. Along with this, reception of unnecessary reflected microwaves is reduced, and measurement accuracy is increased.

尚、上記のマイクロ波の送受信によりトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の溶銑１１の液面１２を検出する原理は、例えばＦＭＣＷ方式に従うことができる。   In addition, the principle which detects the liquid level 12 of the hot metal 11 of the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10 by transmission / reception of said microwave can follow an FMCW system, for example.

本発明は種々の変更が可能であり、例えば、図２に示すように、アンテナ３とガイドパイプ４とを、フランジ等で接続するとともに、ガイドパイプ４を鋳床７と取外し鋳床８との隙間２０に相当する位置にて分離した構成とすることもできる。このような構成によっても、取外し鋳床８を取外す際に、取外し鋳床８と同時にガイドパイプ４Ａ，４Ｂとに分割される。   The present invention can be variously modified. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the antenna 3 and the guide pipe 4 are connected to each other by a flange or the like, and the guide pipe 4 is connected to the cast floor 7 and the detached cast floor 8. It can also be set as the structure isolate | separated in the position corresponded to the clearance gap 20. FIG. Even with such a configuration, when the removal casting floor 8 is removed, it is divided into the guide pipes 4A and 4B simultaneously with the removal casting floor 8.

また、図３に示すように、ガイドパイプ４の反射板５と対向する側の開口４ｂが、開口上端ａから開口下端ｂに向かって徐々にアンテナ３側に後退するように、形成してもよい。尚、同図の（Ａ）は直線的に後退している例を示しており、（Ｂ）は円弧状に後退している例を示している。図１及び図２のようにガイドパイプ４の開口４ｂが垂直に開口していると、この開口端縁でマイクロ波が反射することがあり、ノイズとなって現れるが、このように開口４ｂを後退させることにより開口端縁での反射を防ぐことができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening 4b on the side of the guide pipe 4 facing the reflector 5 may be formed so as to gradually recede toward the antenna 3 from the opening upper end a toward the opening lower end b. Good. In addition, (A) of the figure has shown the example which is receding linearly, (B) has shown the example which is receding in circular arc shape. If the opening 4b of the guide pipe 4 is opened vertically as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, microwaves may be reflected at the edge of the opening and appear as noise. By retreating, reflection at the opening edge can be prevented.

また、図４に示すように、ガイドパイプ４の反射板５と対向する側の開口４ｂの下面に、端縁から所定長さにわたり切欠３０を形成してもよい。高炉では、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の上方に粉塵が浮遊しており、この粉塵が開口４ｂからガイドパイプ４の内部に侵入し、堆積しやすい。この堆積した粉塵により、アンテナ３から送信されガイドパイプ４の内部を伝搬するマイクロ波が反射され、ノイズとなって検出される。そこで、切欠３０を形成することにより、粉塵がガイドパイプ４ｂに侵入しても堆積することが無くなる。尚、図示は省略するが、この切欠３０に代えて、多数の小孔を開けたり、網状としても同様の効果が得られる。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, you may form the notch 30 in the lower surface of the opening 4b by the side which opposes the reflecting plate 5 of the guide pipe 4 over a predetermined length from an edge. In the blast furnace, dust floats above the topped car or hot metal ladle 10, and this dust easily enters the inside of the guide pipe 4 from the opening 4b and easily accumulates. Due to the accumulated dust, the microwave transmitted from the antenna 3 and propagating through the guide pipe 4 is reflected and detected as noise. Therefore, by forming the notch 30, dust does not accumulate even if dust enters the guide pipe 4b. Although not shown in the drawing, the same effect can be obtained by opening a large number of small holes instead of the notches 30 or by forming a mesh.

但し、切欠３０の平面形状が矩形の場合、マイクロ波が端縁で反射するおそれがある。そこで、図５に示すように、切欠３０の幅を開口４ｂの端縁が最も広く、アンテナ３側に向かって徐々に狭くなるように形成することが好ましい。尚、同図の（Ａ）は直線的に狭くなり全体としてＶ字状を呈する切欠を示しており、（Ｂ）は円弧状に狭くなり全体としてＵ字状を呈する切欠を示している。切欠３０をこのような形状とすることにより端縁での反射を防ぐことができる。   However, when the planar shape of the notch 30 is rectangular, the microwave may be reflected at the edge. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that the width of the notch 30 is formed so that the edge of the opening 4b is widest and gradually becomes narrower toward the antenna 3 side. Note that (A) in the figure shows a notch that linearly narrows and exhibits a V-shape as a whole, and (B) shows a notch that narrows in an arc shape and exhibits a U-shape as a whole. By making the notch 30 into such a shape, reflection at the edge can be prevented.

また、切欠３０や孔、網目から漏洩するマイクロ波が、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０以外の構造物に向かい、その反射マイクロ波を受信しないように、図６に示すように、ガイドパイプ４の下方に、切欠３０や孔、網目を覆うように邪魔板３１を配設することが好ましい。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the microwave leaking from the notch 30, the hole, and the mesh is directed to a structure other than the topped car or the hot metal ladle 10 and receives the reflected microwave, as shown in FIG. The baffle plate 31 is preferably disposed so as to cover the notches 30, holes, and meshes.

更に、図７に示すように、反射板５に網目を形成することも好ましい。粉塵は反射板５にも付着するため、網目を形成してこれを防止する。尚、図示は省略するが、網目に代えて多数の小孔を開けてもよい。このとき、マイクロ波のある成分が網目や孔を通過することも考えられるため、反射板３の後方に、図示は省略する第２の反射板を配置し、網目や孔を通過したマイクロ波を例えば図中上方に反射させてもよい。   Furthermore, it is also preferable to form a mesh on the reflector 5 as shown in FIG. Since dust adheres to the reflector 5 as well, a mesh is formed to prevent this. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, it may replace with a mesh and may open many small holes. At this time, since a certain component of the microwave may pass through the mesh or the hole, a second reflecting plate (not shown) is disposed behind the reflector 3 so that the microwave that has passed through the mesh or the hole is transmitted. For example, it may be reflected upward in the figure.

また、同じく図示は省略するが、反射板５を傾斜方向に引き抜き可能とし、付着している粉塵を擦り落とすこともできる。   Moreover, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted similarly, the reflecting plate 5 can be draw | extracted in an inclination direction and the adhering dust can also be scraped off.

上述した本発明のマイクロ波距離計は、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０の受銑量を検出する以外にも、鉱滓鍋の鉱滓量を検出することにも適用できる。鉱滓鍋も、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０と同様に取外し鋳床８の下方に配置されるため、上記において、トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋１０に代えて鉱滓鍋とした構成となる。   The above-mentioned microwave rangefinder of the present invention can be applied not only to detect the amount of iron received in the topped car or hot metal ladle 10 but also to detect the amount of iron in the iron ladle. Similarly to the topped car or hot metal ladle 10, the slag pan is also disposed below the cast iron 8, so that the slag pan is replaced with the topped car or hot ladle 10 as described above.

本発明のマイクロ波距離計を高炉に適用した例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the example which applied the microwave rangefinder of this invention to the blast furnace. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計におけるガイドパイプの変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a change of the guide pipe in the microwave distance meter of this invention. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計におけるガイドパイプの他の変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of a change of the guide pipe in the microwave rangefinder of this invention. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計におけるガイドパイプの更に他の変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the further another example of a change of the guide pipe in the microwave rangefinder of this invention. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計におけるガイドパイプの他の変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of a change of the guide pipe in the microwave rangefinder of this invention. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計におけるガイドパイプの他の変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of a change of the guide pipe in the microwave rangefinder of this invention. 本発明のマイクロ波距離計における反射板の変更例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a change of the reflecting plate in the microwave distance meter of this invention. 高炉における従来のマイクロ波距離計の使用形態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the usage type of the conventional microwave rangefinder in a blast furnace.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ マイクロ波送受信器
２ 導波管
３ アンテナ
４ ガイドパイプ
５ 反射板
６ マイクロ波
７ 鋳床
８ 取外し鋳床
９ 傾注樋
１０ トピードカーまたは溶銑鍋（または鉱滓鍋）
２０ 隙間 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microwave transmitter / receiver 2 Waveguide 3 Antenna 4 Guide pipe 5 Reflector 6 Microwave 7 Casting floor 8 Detached casting floor 9 Inclined casting 10 Topped car or hot metal ladle (or iron ladle)
20 Clearance

Claims (9)

マイクロ波送信器から発振されるマイクロ波をアンテナから被検出物に向けて送信し、被検出物で反射された反射マイクロ波をアンテナで受信し、受信したマイクロ波をマイクロ波送受信器に送り、被検出物までの距離を計測するマイクロ波距離計において、
被検出物の上方に、その内部空間にマイクロ波を伝搬させるガイドパイプを配設するとともに、ガイドパイプの一方の開口の端部に、アンテナを送受信面が前記開口と対向するように配設し、かつ、他方の開口の端部に、アンテナから送信され該ガイドパイプを伝搬するマイクロ波を被検出物体に向けて反射させるとともに反射マイクロ波を該ガイドパイプに導くための反射板を配設したことを特徴とするマイクロ波距離計。 The microwave oscillated from the microwave transmitter is transmitted from the antenna toward the detected object, the reflected microwave reflected by the detected object is received by the antenna, and the received microwave is sent to the microwave transceiver. In the microwave rangefinder that measures the distance to the object to be detected,
Above the object to be detected, a guide pipe for propagating microwaves is disposed in the internal space, and an antenna is disposed at the end of one opening of the guide pipe so that the transmitting / receiving surface faces the opening. In addition, a reflection plate for reflecting the microwave transmitted from the antenna and propagating through the guide pipe toward the object to be detected and guiding the reflected microwave to the guide pipe is disposed at the end of the other opening. A microwave rangefinder characterized by that. ガイドパイプとアンテナとが分離可能であること特徴とする請求項１記載のマイクロ波距離計。   2. The microwave rangefinder according to claim 1, wherein the guide pipe and the antenna are separable. ガイドパイプが、その長さ方向の任意の位置で分割可能であることを特徴とする請求項１記載のマイクロ波距離計。   2. The microwave rangefinder according to claim 1, wherein the guide pipe can be divided at an arbitrary position in the length direction thereof. 反射板と対向する側のガイドパイプの開口が、開口上端から開口下端に向かって漸次アンテナ側に後退していることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。   The microwave distance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening of the guide pipe on the side facing the reflector is gradually retracted toward the antenna from the upper end of the opening toward the lower end of the opening. Total. 反射板と対向する側のガイドパイプの開口の下面に、開口端縁から所定長にわたり、切欠、複数の孔または網目が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。   4. A notch, a plurality of holes, or a mesh is formed on the lower surface of the opening of the guide pipe on the side facing the reflecting plate over a predetermined length from the opening edge. A microwave rangefinder according to claim 1. 切欠の幅をアンテナ側に向かって漸次狭くなっていることを特徴とする請求項５記載のマイクロ波距離計。   6. The microwave rangefinder according to claim 5, wherein the width of the notch is gradually narrowed toward the antenna side. ガイドパイプの下方に、切欠、孔または網目が形成されている領域を覆う邪魔板が配設されていることを特徴とする請求項５または６記載のマイクロ波距離計。   The microwave distance meter according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a baffle plate is provided below the guide pipe so as to cover a region where notches, holes or meshes are formed. 反射板の全面に、複数の孔または網目を形成したことを特徴とする請求項１〜７の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。   The microwave rangefinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of holes or meshes are formed on the entire surface of the reflector. 高炉内で鋳床の下方に配置されるトピードカーまたは溶銑鍋の受銑量、あるいは鉱滓鍋の鉱滓量を検出するために使用され、鋳床の内部または鋳床の下面にガイドパイプ、反射板及びアンテナを配設したことを特徴とする請求項１〜８の何れか１項に記載のマイクロ波距離計。   It is used to detect the amount of topped car or hot metal ladle placed in the blast furnace below the casting bed, or the amount of iron deposit in the hot metal pot, and the guide pipe, reflector and The microwave rangefinder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an antenna is provided.
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DE102022110191A1 (en) 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Level measuring device

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