JP2007154201A - Decomposition treatment method and decomposition treatment apparatus for waste plastic material - Google Patents

Decomposition treatment method and decomposition treatment apparatus for waste plastic material Download PDF

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JP2007154201A
JP2007154201A JP2006334684A JP2006334684A JP2007154201A JP 2007154201 A JP2007154201 A JP 2007154201A JP 2006334684 A JP2006334684 A JP 2006334684A JP 2006334684 A JP2006334684 A JP 2006334684A JP 2007154201 A JP2007154201 A JP 2007154201A
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plastic material
waste plastic
heating furnace
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sodium
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JP4857412B2 (en
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Yuji Obara
祐二 小原
Kiyoshi Shizuma
清 靜間
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform the bonding of chlorine gas to added sodium and the dissolution of the bonded salt (NaCl) to added water, when making chlorine gas formed in the case of heat-treatment bond with added sodium and carrying out the separation and removal as the form of a salt (NaCl) in order to eliminate the burden to make the instrument of a decomposition treatment apparatus of a waste plastic material to be acid resistant. <P>SOLUTION: Water with a waste plastic material is fed in a heating furnace 1, and a sodium based catalyst is fed. Chlorine gas generating in the heating furnace 1 from the vinyl chloride in the waste plastic material, as the state in which the chlorine gas mixed with sodium gas and water vapor gas generated from added water, is led to a cooling device 5 through a vaporization gas extraction tube 4. Sodium and chlorine are bonded by lowering the temperature and are made to dissolve in the water condensed by lowering the temperature by the cooling device 5 to be taken out as salt water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、加熱炉内に廃プラスチック材を投入し、加熱処理により分解処理して再利用を可能とする物質に変換させる廃プラスチック材の分解処理手段についての改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a means for decomposing a waste plastic material, which is put into a heating furnace and converted into a material that can be reused by being decomposed by heat treatment.

上述の、廃プラスチック材を加熱処理により分解処理して再利用を可能とする物質に変換させる処理手段は、従前にあっては、廃プラスチック材を、加熱炉内に投入し、フタル酸ナトリウムやステアリン酸ソーダ等の分解促進剤の添加のもとに500度C〜800度Cの高温に加熱して、廃プラスチック材の分子構造を分解し溶融させて液化してくる油脂成分に生成し、これを分別精製することで再利用が可能なナフサ等の油脂に変換させ、このとき、生成してくる気化ガスは、廃プラスチック材に混在する塩化ビニールに起因して、その気化ガス中に含まれてくる塩素ガスを、加水により存在させる水蒸気と結合させて塩素水に合成することで捕集分離する処理を行って大気に放出するようにしている。   The processing means for converting the waste plastic material into a material that can be reused by decomposing the waste plastic material by heat treatment has been conventionally used by putting the waste plastic material into a heating furnace and adding sodium phthalate or Heated to a high temperature of 500 ° C. to 800 ° C. under the addition of a decomposition accelerator such as sodium stearate to produce a fat component that decomposes and melts the molecular structure of the waste plastic material, By separating and refining this, it is converted to oil such as naphtha that can be reused. The vaporized gas produced at this time is contained in the vaporized gas due to the vinyl chloride mixed in the waste plastic material. The resulting chlorine gas is combined with water vapor present by hydration and synthesized into chlorine water to collect and separate it and release it to the atmosphere.

この手段は、有害なダイオキシンの発生を抑えるようにはなるが、ダイオキシン発生の起因となる塩素ガスを、添加した水分に結合させて塩素水として捕集し除去するようにしていることで、このとき生成してくる塩酸により設備・機器に腐蝕・損傷が生じてくることから耐酸処理を施さなければならない負担が大きい問題がある。   Although this means suppresses the generation of harmful dioxins, the chlorine gas that causes the generation of dioxins is combined with the added moisture to collect and remove it as chlorine water. Since the hydrochloric acid that is generated sometimes causes corrosion and damage to facilities and equipment, there is a problem that the burden of having to be subjected to acid resistance treatment is large.

また、廃プラスチック材を種類別に選別して、塩素を含む塩化ビニールを取り除いて、塩素を含まない廃プラスチック材だけを加熱炉に投入して、加熱により分解処理する手段が行われている。しかし、この手段は、廃プラスチック材を種類別に選別するのが厄介な問題と、取り除いた塩化ビニールをどのように処理するのか、という問題がある。   In addition, there is a method in which waste plastic materials are sorted by type, vinyl chloride containing chlorine is removed, only waste plastic materials not containing chlorine are put into a heating furnace, and decomposed by heating. However, this means has a problem that it is troublesome to sort waste plastic materials by type, and how to treat the removed vinyl chloride.

また、塩化ビニールが混入している廃プラスチック材を、加熱炉内での熱処理により液化してくる油脂成分と気化ガスとに分解し、その気化ガス中に生じてくる塩素ガスを、添加するナトリウムによりNaClの形態に固定して、水に溶解させ、塩水として分離除去する手段が、本願の出願人により特開昭2004−168806号公報として提起されている。   Also, waste plastic material mixed with vinyl chloride is decomposed into oil and fat components and vaporized gas that are liquefied by heat treatment in the heating furnace, and the chlorine gas generated in the vaporized gas is added to the sodium. A means for fixing in the form of NaCl, dissolving in water, and separating and removing as salt water has been proposed by the applicant of the present application as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-168806.

この手段には、廃プラスチック材に混入している塩化ビニール材に起因して加熱炉内に発生し油脂成分の気化ガスと共に気化ガス取出管により抽き出されて冷却装置に送り込まれてくる塩素ガスを、塩(NaCl)として固定し、それを水に溶解させて塩水にして分離除去するために、気化ガス取出管内に、塩素ガスと結合させるためのナトリウムガスと、結合したNaClを溶解させるための水とを供給するのがむずかしい問題があり、また、送り込んだナトリウムのガスと塩素との結合および添加した水との結合の効率が悪く、冷却装置の器内に塩素ガスが存在するようになって、それが、冷却装置の器内に設けた受器から液化した油脂成分を取り出すときに器内のガス圧により噴出してくるようになる問題がある。
特開2004−168806号公報
This means that chlorine generated in the heating furnace due to the vinyl chloride material mixed in the waste plastic material is extracted by the vaporized gas take-out pipe together with the vaporized gas of the fat and oil component and sent to the cooling device. In order to fix the gas as a salt (NaCl), dissolve it in water and separate and remove it as salt water, the sodium gas to be combined with chlorine gas and the combined NaCl are dissolved in the vaporized gas extraction pipe. In addition, it is difficult to supply water for the purpose, and the efficiency of the combination of the sodium gas and the chlorine that has been fed in and the water that has been added is poor, and the chlorine gas seems to be present in the cooling device. Therefore, there is a problem that when the liquefied oil / fat component is taken out from a receiver provided in the container of the cooling device, it is ejected by the gas pressure in the container.
JP 2004-168806 A

本発明において解決しようとする課題は、廃プラスチック材の分解処理装置の機器を、耐酸性にする負担をなくすために、加熱処理の際に生成してくる塩素ガスを、添加するナトリウムに結合させて塩(NaCl)の形態とし、これを添加する水に溶解させて塩水として分離除去する際の、添加するナトリウムに対する塩素ガスの結合および添加する水に対する結合した塩(NaCl)の溶解が効率的に行われるようにすることにある。   The problem to be solved in the present invention is to combine chlorine gas generated during heat treatment with sodium to be added in order to eliminate the burden of making the equipment of the waste plastic material decomposition treatment apparatus acid-resistant. In the form of salt (NaCl), when dissolved in water to be added and separated and removed as salt water, the binding of chlorine gas to the added sodium and the dissolution of the bound salt (NaCl) to the added water are efficient. To be done.

上述の課題を解決するための本発明手段は、程々の試験を重ねて得られた知見に基づいて成されたものである。   The means of the present invention for solving the above-described problems has been made on the basis of knowledge obtained through repeated tests.

加熱炉内に塩素ガスとして生成してくる塩素とナトリウムとの結合は、それらが互いに混ざり合っている状態にあることで効率的に行われるようになる。それには、加熱炉内の塩化ビニール材から発生して上昇してくる塩素ガスに対して、ナトリウムのガスが加熱炉内の天井部位に存在していて、これらが混ざり合いながら気化ガス取出管に流れていくようになればよい。そのようにするには、加熱炉内に対し廃プラスチック材を供給するときに、加熱によりナトリウムガスを発生させる水酸化ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム等のナトリウム系の触媒を、廃プラスチック材と合わせて、または別に加熱炉内に供給するようにすればよいこと、そしてこのようにすることで、ナトリウムガスと混ざり合った塩素ガスが、気化ガス取出管を介し冷却装置に流れていくときに、200度C程度の温度に降下したところで、塩素がナトリウムを選択してそれに結合するようナトリウムに優先して結合し塩(NaCl)となることが判ってきた。さらに、加熱炉内に、供給する廃プラスチック材に対し重量比において15〜20%程度の水を供給しておくようにすれば、その水から加熱炉内において発生する水蒸気のガスが気化ガスと共に気化ガス取出管を経て冷却装置の器内に至り冷却器による冷却で水に凝結してくるときに、その凝縮してくる水にナトリウムと塩素とが結合して固定された塩(NaCl)が溶解し、塩水となって、凝縮してくる油脂成分を受けるよう冷却装置の器内に設けておくトレーまたは受器の底に、油脂成分と2層に分離して貯留されてくるようになって、その受器の底に設けておく水排水管により取り出せるようになることが判ってきた。   Bonding between chlorine and sodium produced as chlorine gas in the heating furnace is efficiently performed because they are mixed with each other. For this purpose, sodium gas is present in the ceiling part of the heating furnace against the chlorine gas generated and raised from the vinyl chloride material in the heating furnace. It only has to start flowing. To do so, when supplying waste plastic material into the heating furnace, a sodium-based catalyst such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate that generates sodium gas by heating is combined with the waste plastic material, Alternatively, it may be separately supplied into the heating furnace, and in this way, when the chlorine gas mixed with the sodium gas flows to the cooling device through the vaporized gas extraction pipe, it is 200 degrees. When the temperature drops to about C, it has been found that chlorine is preferentially combined with sodium to form a salt (NaCl) so that sodium can select sodium and bind to it. Furthermore, if water of about 15 to 20% in weight ratio is supplied to the waste plastic material to be supplied into the heating furnace, water vapor gas generated in the heating furnace from the water together with the vaporized gas. When it reaches the inside of the cooling device through the vaporized gas take-out pipe and condenses into water by cooling with the cooler, a salt (NaCl) in which sodium and chlorine are combined and fixed is combined with the condensed water. Oil and fat components are separated and stored in two layers at the bottom of the tray or receiver that is provided in the cooler so as to receive the oil and fat components that are dissolved and become salt water to condense. It has been found that it can be taken out by a water drain pipe provided at the bottom of the receiver.

そして、このことから、本発明においては、上述の課題を解決するための手段として、請求項1に記載したように、加熱炉に、廃プラスチック材を投入し、加熱処理によりオイル成分の気化ガスと炭素の残渣とに分解し、気化ガスを気化ガス取出管より抽き出して冷却装置に導き冷却して液化し、油脂類に油化還元する廃プラスチック材の分解処理方法において、加熱炉1内に供給する廃プラスチック材は、その廃プラスチック材の水洗により付着した程度の水を含ませた状態とし、かつ、水酸化ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム等のナトリウム系触媒を混和した状態で加熱炉1内に供給し、熱処理により加熱炉1内に廃プラスチック材中の塩化ビニールに起因して生じてくる塩素ガスを、ナトリウム系触媒から生じるナトリウムガスと添加した水から生じる水蒸気ガスとに加熱炉内において混和した状態として、気化ガス取出管を介し冷却装置に導き、この間における温度降下によりナトリウム(Na)と塩素(Cl)とを結合させ、冷却装置によるさらなる温度降下により凝縮してくる水に溶解させて、塩水として取り出すことで塩素を分離除去することを特徴とする廃プラスチック材の分解処理方法、を提起するものである。   From this fact, in the present invention, as means for solving the above-mentioned problems, as described in claim 1, waste plastic material is introduced into a heating furnace, and the vaporized gas of oil component is obtained by heat treatment. In the decomposition method of the waste plastic material, the gasification gas is extracted from the vaporization gas take-out pipe, led to a cooling device, cooled and liquefied, and liquefied and reduced to oils and fats. The waste plastic material to be supplied in the heating furnace 1 is in a state where the waste plastic material contains water adhering to the waste plastic material and mixed with a sodium-based catalyst such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate. The chlorine gas generated due to the vinyl chloride in the waste plastic material is added to the heating furnace 1 by heat treatment and sodium gas generated from the sodium-based catalyst. As a state of being mixed with water vapor gas generated from water in the heating furnace, it is led to a cooling device through a vaporized gas extraction pipe, and sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are combined by a temperature drop during this time, and further by the cooling device. The present invention proposes a method for decomposing waste plastic material, characterized in that chlorine is separated and removed by dissolving in water condensed by a temperature drop and taking out as salt water.

また、これに併せて、上述の本発明手段を実施する装置として、請求項2に記載したような、周壁の外周にヒーターを装設し、それの外周を断熱材により被覆した加熱炉と、廃プラスチック材を濡れた状態のまま加熱炉内に供給可能とするフィーダーと、ナトリウム系の触媒を加熱炉内に供給する触媒フィーダーと、加熱炉内での廃プラスチック材の熱分解により生成してくる油脂成分のガスおよび水蒸気ガス等の気化ガスを加熱炉内から抽き出す気化ガス取出管と、気化ガス取出管により取り出される気化ガスを冷却して、油脂分のガスと水分のガスとを凝縮させる冷却装置とからなり、その冷却装置には、熱交換器よりなる冷却器を気密に収蔵する冷却ボックスと、冷却器による冷却により凝縮・液化してくる油脂分および水分を受けるよう前記ボックス内に設ける受器とを装備せしめ、その受器の底部に、油層と塩水層とに2層の分離して貯留される油脂と水とのうちの水を取り出す水排出管を接続し、それよりも上位に油脂を取り出す油排出管を接続したことを特徴とする廃プラスチック材の油化処理装置、を提起するものである。   In addition to this, as a device for carrying out the above-described means of the present invention, a heating furnace in which a heater is installed on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall as described in claim 2, and the outer periphery thereof is covered with a heat insulating material, It is generated by a feeder that can supply waste plastic material in the heating furnace in a wet state, a catalyst feeder that supplies sodium-based catalyst into the heating furnace, and thermal decomposition of the waste plastic material in the heating furnace. The vaporized gas extraction pipe for extracting the vaporized oil component gas and vaporized gas such as water vapor gas from the inside of the heating furnace, and the vaporized gas taken out by the vaporized gas extraction pipe are cooled so that the oil and fat gas and moisture gas are It consists of a cooling device that condenses, and receives the oil and fat and moisture that are condensed and liquefied by cooling with the cooling box and the cooling box that stores the cooler consisting of a heat exchanger in an airtight manner. A receiver provided in the box is connected, and a water discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the receiver to extract water out of the oil and water stored separately in two layers, an oil layer and a salt water layer. In addition, the present invention proposes an oil plasticizing apparatus for waste plastic material, characterized in that an oil discharge pipe for extracting oil and fat is connected to a higher position.

本発明による廃プラスチック材の分解処理手段は、廃プラスチック材を加熱炉内に投入して加熱処理により油脂成分に分解し、その気化ガスを冷却装置に導き冷却し液化して油脂類に油化還元する分解処理において、廃プラスチック材中の塩化ビニール材に起因して加熱炉内に生成してくる塩素ガスを、ナトリウムと結合させて塩(NaCl)として固定し、これを水に溶解させて塩水の形態として分離除去するのに、加熱炉内には、重炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウム等のナトリウム系触媒を廃プラスチック材に混和して投入することで、ナトリウムのガスを存在させ、さらに、加水により加熱炉内に水蒸気ガスを存在させるようにしているのだから、塩素ガスとナトリウムガスと水蒸気ガスとが混ざりあった状態で気化ガスと共に気化ガス取出管を介し冷却装置に送り込まれていくときに、200度付近に温度降下したところで、ナトリウムガスと塩素ガスとの分子間結合が効率的に行われ、さらに水蒸気ガスから復水してくる水に対する溶解が効率的に行われるようになる。   The waste plastic material decomposition treatment means according to the present invention is a method in which the waste plastic material is put into a heating furnace and decomposed into oil and fat components by heat treatment, and the vaporized gas is led to a cooling device to be cooled and liquefied to be oiled into fats and oils. In the decomposing treatment, the chlorine gas generated in the heating furnace due to the vinyl chloride material in the waste plastic material is combined with sodium and fixed as a salt (NaCl) and dissolved in water. To separate and remove in the form of salt water, sodium gas such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide is mixed with the waste plastic material in the heating furnace, and sodium gas is present. Since water vapor gas is present in the heating furnace by hydration, it vaporizes with vaporized gas in a state where chlorine gas, sodium gas and water vapor gas are mixed. When it is sent to the cooling device through the gas extraction pipe, when the temperature drops to around 200 ° C., the intermolecular bond between sodium gas and chlorine gas is efficiently performed, and further condensate from the steam gas. Dissolution in water is efficiently performed.

本発明手段において、加熱炉内に水を供給する手段は、水が加熱炉内に供給されるようになればよく、加熱炉内に廃プラスチック材をフィーダーにより供給するときに、その廃プラスチック材に水を添加しておくことで、このフィーダーを利用して行うようにしてよい。このときの添加する水の量は、廃プラスチック材に対し重量比において略20%程度で充分である。この量の水は、廃プラスチック材を水洗いにより洗浄したときに、洗浄し終えた廃プラスチック材がそれの表面に水が付着して濡れた状態にあるときの付着した水の量程度でよい。   In the means of the present invention, the means for supplying water into the heating furnace may be such that water is supplied into the heating furnace, and when the waste plastic material is supplied into the heating furnace by a feeder, the waste plastic material It may be carried out using this feeder by adding water. At this time, the amount of water to be added is about 20% in terms of the weight ratio with respect to the waste plastic material. This amount of water may be about the amount of attached water when the waste plastic material is washed and washed, and the waste plastic material that has been washed is wet with water adhering to its surface.

また、加熱炉内にナトリウム系の触媒を供給する触媒フィーダー3も、その触媒を加熱炉1内に供給するようになればよいものであり、前述の加水手段と同様に、廃プラスチック材を加熱炉1内に供給するフィーダー2の搬送路の途中または基端側に、触媒を送り込むようにして、フィーダー2が供給する廃プラスチック材に触媒が添加された状態となって加熱炉1内に供給されていくようにしてよい。   Further, the catalyst feeder 3 for supplying a sodium-based catalyst into the heating furnace is also only required to supply the catalyst into the heating furnace 1, and the waste plastic material is heated similarly to the above-mentioned hydration means. Supplying the catalyst into the heating furnace 1 in a state where the catalyst is added to the waste plastic material supplied by the feeder 2 in the middle of the conveying path of the feeder 2 supplied into the furnace 1 or the base end side. It may be done.

用いる触媒は、加熱炉1内に塩素ガスと結合させるナトリウムガスを存在させるためのもので、加熱によりナトリウムガスを発生させる水酸化ナトリウム、重炭酸ソーダ等を用いる。   The catalyst to be used is for allowing sodium gas to be combined with chlorine gas in the heating furnace 1, and sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, or the like that generates sodium gas by heating is used.

図1は本発明手段による廃プラスチック材の分解処理装置Aの全体の正面図、図2は同上の左側面図、図3は同上の右側面図、図4は同上の一部縦断した正面展開図、図5は同上の加熱炉の縦断側面図、図6は同上の加熱炉の縦断正面図でで、これら図において、1は加熱炉で、この例においては軸線方向を左右方向とした円筒状に形成してあって、その筒状をなす周壁10は、それの外周面にヒーターaが巻き付けられ、その外周に断熱材bが多層に巻き付けてあり、左右の側端はそれぞれ側壁11・11で閉塞してある。   FIG. 1 is a front view of an entire waste plastic material decomposition apparatus A according to the means of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the same, FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view of the above heating furnace, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view of the above heating furnace. In these figures, 1 is a heating furnace, and in this example, a cylinder whose axial direction is the left-right direction. The cylindrical peripheral wall 10 has a heater a wound around its outer peripheral surface, a heat insulating material b wound around its outer periphery, and the left and right side edges are side walls 11. 11 is closed.

ヒーターaは、加熱炉1内の温度を所定温度に保持させるための熱源となるもので、燃焼装置を用いたものでもよいものであるが、本発明手段においては、炉内の温度を、上限温度を500度C程度に設定して250度C〜350度C程度の、従前手段に比して著しく低温に保持せしめて廃プラスチック材の分解処理を行わせることから、その炉内温度の制御を容易かつ確実なものとするために、電熱ヒーターを用いている。   The heater a serves as a heat source for keeping the temperature in the heating furnace 1 at a predetermined temperature, and may be one using a combustion device. Since the temperature is set to about 500 ° C., the plastic temperature is kept at a very low temperature of about 250 ° C. to 350 ° C. as compared with conventional means, and the waste plastic material is decomposed, so that the temperature inside the furnace is controlled. An electric heater is used to make this easy and reliable.

また、周壁10の内面および前記側壁11・11の内面には、御影石の天然石を成形したパネルまたは御影石の天然石を粉砕して耐火セメント・水を混和して焼成したセラミックのパネルmまたはキャスタブルが全面に張り巡らせてある。   Further, on the inner surface of the peripheral wall 10 and the inner surfaces of the side walls 11, 11, a panel made of granite natural stone or a ceramic panel m or castable obtained by pulverizing granite natural stone and mixing fire-resistant cement and water and firing. It is stretched around.

この加熱炉1は、図1〜図3に示しているように、サポート1aにより機枠Fに固定して装架され、それの内腔の軸芯部位には、前記機枠Fに軸架した回転軸12が左右に貫通するように配設され、それの周面には、図4に示すように、モーターM1の作動によって回転軸12が駆動回転することで回動する螺旋状のアジテータ13が取付けてある。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the heating furnace 1 is fixedly mounted on a machine frame F by a support 1 a, and a shaft is mounted on the machine frame F at an axial center portion of the inner cavity thereof. As shown in FIG. 4, a spiral agitator that is rotated by driving and rotating the rotating shaft 12 by the operation of the motor M1, as shown in FIG. 13 is attached.

2は、この加熱炉1内に廃プラスチック材を供給するフィーダーで、ホッパー20と、それの下口21に接続する搬送筒22と、その搬送筒22内に軸架するスクリュー状のコンベア23と、そのコンベア23を駆動するモーターM2とからなり、ホッパー20内に投入した廃プラスチック材を、モーターM2の駆動によるコンベア23の作動で、搬送筒22の先端側に向けて圧送し、その先端側に接続する接続筒24を介し加熱炉1の一端側に設けた供給口15に送り込むようにしてある。   2 is a feeder for supplying waste plastic material into the heating furnace 1, a hopper 20, a transport cylinder 22 connected to the lower opening 21 thereof, a screw-like conveyor 23 pivoted in the transport cylinder 22, and The waste plastic material, which is composed of a motor M2 that drives the conveyor 23, is fed into the hopper 20 and is pumped toward the front end side of the transfer cylinder 22 by the operation of the conveyor 23 driven by the motor M2. It is made to feed into the supply port 15 provided in the one end side of the heating furnace 1 through the connection cylinder 24 connected to this.

このフィーダー2には、加熱炉1内に供給した廃プラスチック材の熱分解により生成される気化ガスの圧力が、逆流するように噴出してくるのを阻止するために、廃プラスチック材を圧送するコンベア23の終端側に、回転バルブ状の繰出機構25が設けられる。   The feeder 2 is pumped to the feeder 2 in order to prevent the pressure of the vaporized gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic material supplied into the heating furnace 1 from flowing out backward. A rotary valve-like feeding mechanism 25 is provided on the terminal end side of the conveyor 23.

また、このフィーダー2は、加熱炉1内に供給する廃プラスチック材が、水洗いして、水切りも乾燥も行わない濡れた状態でも送り込めるようにコンベア23を構成してあって、濡れた状態の廃プラスチック材を供給することで加熱炉1内に加水する加水手段を兼ねたものとしている。   Further, the feeder 2 is configured so that the waste plastic material supplied into the heating furnace 1 can be fed even in a wet state where the plastic material is washed with water and not drained or dried. The waste plastic material is also used as a hydration means for adding water into the heating furnace 1.

3は、加熱炉1内にナトリウム系の触媒を供給する触媒フィーダーで、ホッパー30と、そのホッパー30内に投入した触媒を所定の量に制御して切り出す定量繰出機構31と、切り出す触媒を誘導する搬送筒32とからなり、その搬送筒32の下端側は、前述のフィーダー2の搬送筒22の搬送方向における中間部位に接続させてあり、添加する触媒を、フィーダー2により供給される廃プラスチック材に混和させた状態で、その廃プラスチック材と共に加熱炉1内に送り込むようにしている。   3 is a catalyst feeder for supplying a sodium-based catalyst into the heating furnace 1, and a hopper 30, a quantitative feeding mechanism 31 for cutting out the catalyst charged in the hopper 30 to a predetermined amount, and a catalyst to be cut out are guided The lower end side of the transport cylinder 32 is connected to the intermediate portion in the transport direction of the transport cylinder 22 of the feeder 2, and the waste plastic supplied with the catalyst to be added is supplied by the feeder 2. It is made to send in the heating furnace 1 with the waste plastic material in the state mixed with the material.

4は、加熱炉1内に投入した廃プラスチック材から、加熱処理により分解して生成されてくる気化ガスを抽き出し冷却装置5に導く気化ガス取出管で、加熱炉1の内腔に連通する接続口40は、図5に示しているように、周壁10の軸芯位置を通る上下の中心線Xに対して略30度程度の角度に偏る部位に開設してあり、これにより、加熱炉1の炉内の上部に、廃プラスチック材から生成される気化ガスと、廃プラスチック材から生成される気化ガスと、廃プラスチック材中に混在する塩化ビニール材から生成されてくる塩素ガスと、加熱炉1内に供給するナトリウム系の触媒から生成してくるナトリウムガスと、供給する水から生じてくる水蒸気ガスとが混ざり合った状態に保持せしめるための空間が形成されるようにしてある。   4 is a vaporized gas extraction pipe for extracting the vaporized gas generated by decomposition by the heat treatment from the waste plastic material put into the heating furnace 1 and leading it to the cooling device 5, which communicates with the lumen of the heating furnace 1. As shown in FIG. 5, the connecting port 40 is opened at a portion that is inclined at an angle of about 30 degrees with respect to the upper and lower center line X passing through the axial center position of the peripheral wall 10. In the upper part of the furnace of the furnace 1, vaporized gas generated from the waste plastic material, vaporized gas generated from the waste plastic material, chlorine gas generated from the vinyl chloride material mixed in the waste plastic material, A space is formed so that the sodium gas generated from the sodium-based catalyst supplied into the heating furnace 1 and the water vapor gas generated from the supplied water are kept in a mixed state.

5は、この気化ガス取出管4で抽き出される気化ガスを冷却処理する冷却装置で、気密に形成した冷却ボックス50と、それの内部に、配設したラジエータ状の熱交換器51と、これに、循環させる冷凍機により冷却した冷却水を貯留する冷却水タンク52と、そのタンク52内の冷却水を循環させるポンプP1とにより構成してあって、それの冷却ボックス50の内部で前記熱交換器51の下方には、冷却により凝縮して油化してくる油脂成分を受ける受器53がトレー状に形成して配設してあり、この受器53の底部には、貯留された油脂成分を排出させる油排出管54がバルブV1を介して接続し、その先に回収タンクt1が接続させてある。   5 is a cooling device for cooling the vaporized gas extracted by the vaporized gas take-out pipe 4, an airtightly formed cooling box 50, a radiator-like heat exchanger 51 disposed in the inside thereof, This is constituted by a cooling water tank 52 for storing cooling water cooled by a circulating refrigerator, and a pump P1 for circulating the cooling water in the tank 52. Below the heat exchanger 51, a receiver 53 that receives oil and fat components that are condensed and oiled by cooling is formed in a tray shape, and is stored at the bottom of the receiver 53. An oil discharge pipe 54 for discharging the oil and fat component is connected via a valve V1, and a recovery tank t1 is connected to the end of the oil discharge pipe 54.

この受器53内には、加熱炉1内に供給した水から生成して気化ガスと共に気化ガス取出管4を経て冷却ボックス50内に導かれてくる水蒸気から復水した水が、前述の油化した油脂成分と一緒に貯留される。   In the receiver 53, water condensed from water vapor generated from the water supplied into the heating furnace 1 and introduced into the cooling box 50 through the vaporized gas take-out pipe 4 together with the vaporized gas is the oil described above. It is stored together with the oil and fat components.

加熱炉1内に生成してくる塩素ガスと添加したナトリウム系の触媒から生成してくるナトリウムガスとは、高温の状態では殆ど反応して結合することはないが、気化ガス取出管4により冷却装置5内に導かれてくる間の温度降下により200度C程度になってくると、互いに結合するように反応し始め塩(NaCl)となって固定され、これが冷却装置3の冷却ボックス50内において熱交換器51により冷却されて凝縮してくる水に溶解して、塩水となって前述の受器53内に貯留され、油脂成分とは二層に分離して下層に滞留する。そして、受器53の底面側には、この下層の塩水を取り出す水排出管55がバルブV2を介し接続し、それの下端側には塩水タンクt2が接続させてある。   The chlorine gas generated in the heating furnace 1 and the sodium gas generated from the added sodium-based catalyst hardly react and bond at a high temperature, but are cooled by the vaporized gas extraction pipe 4. When it reaches about 200 ° C. due to a temperature drop while being introduced into the apparatus 5, it starts to react to be bonded to each other and is fixed as salt (NaCl), which is fixed in the cooling box 50 of the cooling apparatus 3. , It is dissolved in the water cooled and condensed by the heat exchanger 51, becomes salt water and is stored in the aforementioned receiver 53, and is separated into two layers from the oil and fat component and stays in the lower layer. And the water discharge pipe 55 which takes out this lower layer salt water is connected to the bottom face side of the receiver 53 via the valve | bulb V2, and the salt water tank t2 is connected to the lower end side thereof.

6は、加熱炉1内に生成される主として炭素からなる残渣を排出する残渣排出装置で、加熱炉1の他端側の端部に設けた残渣排出口14と、その排出口14に接続させて設けた排出管60と、その排出管60に、前記残渣排出口14を外部に対し密閉した状態として、そこに送られてくる残渣を強制的に送り出すように設けたバルブシッター状の残渣取出機構61と、それの送出方向の下流側に接続させて設けた残渣取出ビン62とからなり、前記残渣取出機構61がモーターM3による駆動で作動することで、残渣を順次残渣取出ビン62内に送り込むようにしてある。   6 is a residue discharge device for discharging a residue mainly composed of carbon produced in the heating furnace 1, and is connected to the residue discharge port 14 provided at the other end of the heating furnace 1 and the discharge port 14. A discharge pipe 60 provided in the form of a valve sitter in which the residue discharge port 14 is sealed from the outside in the discharge pipe 60 so as to forcibly send out the residue sent thereto. The mechanism 61 and a residue take-out bin 62 connected to the downstream side in the delivery direction of the mechanism 61 are operated. The residue take-out mechanism 61 is driven by the motor M3 so that the residues are sequentially put into the residue take-out bin 62. I'm trying to send it in.

残渣取出ビン62は、この例においては、それの外周が、ウォータージャケットよりなる冷却器63により囲われ、そこに、前述の冷却装置5の、冷却機により冷却される冷水タンク52内の冷却水がポンプP2により循環して、残渣取出ビン62内に回収される殆どが炭素の残渣を冷却し、かつ、気密に保持せしめておいて、その炭素よりなる残渣が空気と接触した状態での熱との相乗による粉塵爆発を起こすのを抑えるようにしてある。   In this example, the residue take-out bin 62 is surrounded by a cooler 63 formed of a water jacket, and the cooling water in the cold water tank 52 cooled by the cooler of the cooling device 5 is included therein. Is circulated by the pump P2, and most of the carbon recovered in the residue take-out bin 62 is cooled and kept airtight, and the heat of the carbon residue in contact with the air is maintained. To prevent the explosion of dust caused by the synergy.

この残渣を回収する残渣取出ビン62は、それの底部に、冷却された残渣を排出する取出口64が設けられるが、この取出口64にも、残渣取出ビン62内に生じてくる圧力が噴出するのを阻止するシャッター65が開閉自在に設けられ、そのシャッター65を開放して冷却された残渣を通常のコンベア66により取り出すようにしている。   The residue take-out bin 62 for collecting the residue is provided with a take-out port 64 for discharging the cooled residue at the bottom thereof, and the pressure generated in the residue take-out bin 62 is ejected to the take-out port 64 as well. A shutter 65 for preventing this is provided so as to be openable and closable. The shutter 65 is opened so that the cooled residue is taken out by a normal conveyor 66.

本発明を実施せる廃プラスチック材の分解処理装置の全体の正面図である。It is a front view of the whole decomposition processing apparatus of the waste plastic material which implements this invention. 同上装置の左側面図である。It is a left view of an apparatus same as the above. 同上装置の右側面図である。It is a right view of an apparatus same as the above. 同上装置の一部縦断した展開図である。It is the expanded view which carried out the longitudinal cross-section of the apparatus same as the above. 同上装置の加熱炉の縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of the heating furnace of an apparatus same as the above. 同上装置の加熱炉の縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view of the heating furnace of an apparatus same as the above.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

A…廃プラスチック材の分解処理装置、F…機枠、M1・M2・M3…モーター、P1・P2…ポンプ、V1・V2…バルブ、a…ヒーター、b…断熱材、m…セラミックのパネル、t1…回収タンク、1…加熱炉、1a…サポート、10…周壁、11…側壁、12…回転軸、13…アジテータ、14…残渣排出口、15…供給口、2…フィーダー、20…ホッパー、21…下口、22…搬送筒、23…コンベア、24…接続筒、25…繰出機構、3…触媒フィーダー、30…ホッパー、31…定量繰出機構、32…搬送筒、4…気化ガス取出管、40…接続口、5…冷却装置、50…冷却ボックス、51…熱交換器、52…冷却水タンク、53…受器、54…油排出管、55…水排出管、6…残渣排出装置、60…排出管、61…残渣取出機構、62…残渣取出ビン、63…冷却器、64…取出口、65…シャッター、66…コンベア。   A ... decomposition processing device for waste plastic material, F ... machine frame, M1 / M2 / M3 ... motor, P1 / P2 ... pump, V1 / V2 ... valve, a ... heater, b ... heat insulating material, m ... ceramic panel, t1 ... collection tank, 1 ... heating furnace, 1a ... support, 10 ... peripheral wall, 11 ... side wall, 12 ... rotating shaft, 13 ... agitator, 14 ... residue discharge port, 15 ... supply port, 2 ... feeder, 20 ... hopper, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Lower port, 22 ... Conveyance pipe | tube, 23 ... Conveyor, 24 ... Connection pipe | tube, 25 ... Feeding mechanism, 3 ... Catalyst feeder, 30 ... Hopper, 31 ... Fixed quantity feeding mechanism, 32 ... Conveyance pipe | tube, 4 ... Vaporized gas extraction pipe | tube DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 ... Connection port, 5 ... Cooling device, 50 ... Cooling box, 51 ... Heat exchanger, 52 ... Cooling water tank, 53 ... Receiver, 54 ... Oil discharge pipe, 55 ... Water discharge pipe, 6 ... Residue discharge apparatus , 60 ... discharge pipe, 61 ... residue removal Structure, 62 ... residual 渣取 out bins, 63 ... cooler, 64 ... outlet, 65 ... shutter, 66 ... conveyer.

Claims (4)

加熱炉1に、廃プラスチック材を投入し、加熱処理によりオイル成分の気化ガスと炭素の残渣とに分解し、気化ガスを気化ガス取出管4より抽き出して冷却装置5に導き冷却して液化し、油脂類に油化還元する廃プラスチック材の分解処理方法において、加熱炉1内には、供給する廃プラスチック材とともに、その廃プラスチック材の水洗の際に付着した程度の量の水を供給し、かつ、水酸化ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム等のナトリウム系触媒を加熱炉1内に供給し、熱処理により加熱炉1内に廃プラスチック材中の塩化ビニールに起因して生じてくる塩素ガスを、ナトリウム系触媒から生じるナトリウムガスと添加した水から生じる水蒸気ガスとに混和した状態として、気化ガス取出管4を介し冷却装置5に導き、この間における温度降下によりナトリウムと塩素とを結合させ、冷却装置5によるさらなる温度降下により凝縮してくる水に溶解させて、塩水として取り出すことで塩素を分離除去することを特徴とする廃プラスチック材の分解処理方法。   Waste plastic material is charged into the heating furnace 1 and decomposed into a vaporized oil component and carbon residue by heat treatment, and the vaporized gas is extracted from the vaporized gas extraction pipe 4 and led to the cooling device 5 for cooling. In the method for decomposing waste plastic material, which is liquefied and reduced to oils and fats, the heating furnace 1 is supplied with a waste plastic material to be supplied and a quantity of water adhering to the waste plastic material when washed. Supplying sodium-based catalysts such as sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate into the heating furnace 1, and the chlorine gas generated due to vinyl chloride in the waste plastic material in the heating furnace 1 by heat treatment As a state of being mixed with sodium gas generated from the sodium-based catalyst and water vapor gas generated from the added water, the gas is led to the cooling device 5 through the vaporized gas extraction pipe 4, and the temperature drop during this period By binding sodium and chlorine by, dissolved in water coming condensed by further temperature drop due to cooling device 5, the decomposition treating method of waste plastic material and separating remove chlorine by extracting a brine. 周壁10の外周にヒーターaを装設し、それの外周を断熱材bにより被覆した加熱炉1と、廃プラスチック材を濡れた状態のまま加熱炉1内に供給可能とするフィーダー2と、ナトリウム系の触媒を加熱炉1内に供給する触媒フィーダー3と、加熱炉1内での廃プラスチック材の熱分解により生成してくる油脂成分のガスおよび水蒸気ガス等の気化ガスを加熱炉1内から抽き出す気化ガス取出管4と、気化ガス取出管4により取り出される気化ガスを冷却して、油脂分のガスと水分のガスとを凝縮させる冷却装置5とからなり、その冷却装置5には、熱交換器51を気密に収蔵する冷却ボックス50と、熱交換器51による冷却により凝縮・液化してくる油脂分および水分を受けるよう前記ボックス50内に設ける受器53とを装備せしめ、その受器53の底部に、油層と塩水層とに2層の分離して貯留される油脂と水とのうちの水を取り出す水排出管55を接続し、それよりも上位に油脂を取り出す油排出管54を接続したことを特徴とする廃プラスチック材の油化処理装置。   A heating furnace 1 in which a heater a is installed on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 10 and the outer periphery thereof is covered with a heat insulating material b; a feeder 2 that can supply waste plastic material into the heating furnace 1 in a wet state; and sodium The catalyst feeder 3 for supplying the catalyst of the system into the heating furnace 1, and the vaporized gas such as the oil and fat component gas and the steam gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic material in the heating furnace 1 from the heating furnace 1 A vaporized gas extraction pipe 4 to be extracted and a cooling device 5 that cools the vaporized gas taken out by the vaporized gas extraction tube 4 and condenses the oil and fat gas and the moisture gas. And a cooling box 50 for storing the heat exchanger 51 in an airtight manner, and a receiver 53 provided in the box 50 for receiving oil and fat and moisture condensed and liquefied by cooling by the heat exchanger 51, A water discharge pipe 55 is connected to the bottom of the receiver 53 to take out water out of the oil and water separated and stored in the oil layer and the salt water layer, and the oil is taken out higher than that. An oil plasticizing apparatus for waste plastic material, characterized in that a discharge pipe 54 is connected. 加熱炉1の周壁10を円筒状に形成し、内部に、軸芯線に沿う位置に設けた回転軸12により回転して加熱炉1内の気化ガスおよび廃プラスチック材を撹拌する螺旋の回転翼よりなるアジテータ13を装設したことを特徴とする請求項2記載の廃プラスチック材の分解処理装置。   From a spiral rotating blade that forms a peripheral wall 10 of the heating furnace 1 in a cylindrical shape, and is rotated by a rotary shaft 12 provided at a position along the axial center line to stir the vaporized gas and waste plastic material in the heating furnace 1 An apparatus for disassembling waste plastic material according to claim 2, wherein an agitator is provided. 加熱炉1の周壁10を円筒状に形成し、それの内壁面に、御影石の自然石のパネルまたは粉砕片またはそれのセラミックのパネルmまたはキャスタブルを張り巡らせて、御影石の自然石がもつアルファー線、ガンマー線、ベーター線等の放射線が、加熱炉1内の廃プラスチック材の熱分解時に、ランダムに放出されるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項2記載の廃プラスチック材の油化処理装置。   The peripheral wall 10 of the heating furnace 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and granite natural stone panels or crushed pieces or ceramic panels m or castables are stretched around the inner wall surface of the granite natural stone. The waste plastic material oiling treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein radiations such as gamma rays and beta rays are randomly emitted when the waste plastic material in the heating furnace 1 is thermally decomposed. .
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KR100941964B1 (en) 2008-04-14 2010-02-11 김기석 The Refined Oil Manufacturing Device for Coking Prevention
KR100955297B1 (en) 2009-11-23 2010-04-30 주식회사 에코크레이션 Apparatus for restoring waste plastic to oil
KR101525910B1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2015-06-10 주성이엔지 주식회사 Pyrolysis oil recovery apparatus with sludge cooling device using waste material
KR102437281B1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2022-08-29 (주)에코크레이션 Waste plastic coke treatment device

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JPH03119500A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-05-21 Higashi Nippon Riyokaku Tetsudo Kk Warning system for getting off
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100941964B1 (en) 2008-04-14 2010-02-11 김기석 The Refined Oil Manufacturing Device for Coking Prevention
KR100955297B1 (en) 2009-11-23 2010-04-30 주식회사 에코크레이션 Apparatus for restoring waste plastic to oil
KR101525910B1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2015-06-10 주성이엔지 주식회사 Pyrolysis oil recovery apparatus with sludge cooling device using waste material
KR102437281B1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2022-08-29 (주)에코크레이션 Waste plastic coke treatment device

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