JP2007098377A

JP2007098377A - Air movement type wet gravitational sorting apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP2007098377A
Application number: JP2005321500A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masazumi Ito; 正澄伊藤
Original assignee: AGURO GIJUTSU KK; KOUBUTSU KAISEKI KENKYUSHO KK
Current assignee: AGURO GIJUTSU KK; KOUBUTSU KAISEKI KENKYUSHO KK
Priority date: 2005-10-05
Filing date: 2005-10-05
Publication date: 2007-04-19

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air movement type wet gravitational sorting apparatus with a high sorting precision for a low-gravity substance and a high-gravity substance with completely different properties. <P>SOLUTION: Although a conventional air movement type set gravitational sorting apparatus carries out sorting by regular pulses in a sorting chamber on the upper face of a diffusion plate, this sorting apparatus carries out sorting in a sorting chamber at the same position as a pulsing chamber in a down face of a diffusion plate and if sorting is carried out in a lower chamber of a separation plate, since a floating substance with a specific gravity lower than that of water constantly exists under the separation plate, the loading on the floating substance can be avoided by forcible irregular pulses and water can be separated by applying an arbitrary forcible irregular pulsing power to even a piecing linear substance in the sticking state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

水より比重の低い低比重物質に付着している水より比重の重い導線又は長形硬物質である高比重物質を分離する手段として水の上下作動を利用する脈動式の湿式比重選別機の網の下槽に選別室を設け、脈動水と共に回収される低比重物質中に残留している本来、高比重物質として回収される物質が低比重物質中に混入することを防止し、低比重物質の品質精度を向上させ、低比重物質の純度を上げる技術である。 A network of pulsating wet specific gravity sorters that use up-and-down motion of water as a means to separate high-specific gravity materials that are heavier than water or are attached to low-density materials that have a lower specific gravity than water. A sorting chamber is provided in the lower tank to prevent substances collected as high specific gravity substances from remaining in low specific gravity substances collected with pulsating water from mixing into low specific gravity substances. It is a technology that improves the quality accuracy of and increases the purity of low specific gravity substances.

従来の水より比重の低い低比重物質に水より比重の重い高比重物質が付着した場合の除去方法を図１に示す。通常の分散板の上面で選別を行う空気動式湿式比重選別機１は、選別室２と脈動室３とその間に分散板４で構成されていて、脈動室３には、水の整流脈動を与える空気室５が備えられ、加圧空気の入気及び排気を行う入排気口８ａが設けられている。又、選別対象物９に水の比重に近い軽比重選別対象物及び水より比重が低い選別対象物がある場合は、強制的に選別対象物９を水中に没しさせる機能を持った反転装置６が取付けられている。又選別対象物９が水の整流脈動によって選別され、高比重線状選別物１０及び高比重選別物１１は高比重排出装置７により定量的に排出される。選別された低比重選別物１２には、水と共に排出される方法が一般的な空気動式湿式比重選別機１である。 FIG. 1 shows a removal method in the case where a high specific gravity substance having a specific gravity higher than that of water adheres to a low specific gravity substance having a specific gravity lower than that of conventional water. The air-driven wet specific gravity sorter 1 for sorting on the upper surface of a normal dispersion plate is composed of a sorting chamber 2, a pulsation chamber 3, and a dispersion plate 4 between them. An air chamber 5 is provided, and an intake / exhaust port 8a for introducing and exhausting pressurized air is provided. Further, when the sorting object 9 includes a light specific gravity sorting object close to the specific gravity of water and a sorting object having a specific gravity lower than that of water, the reversing device having a function of forcibly immersing the sorting object 9 in water. 6 is attached. The sorting object 9 is sorted by the rectifying pulsation of water, and the high specific gravity linear sorting object 10 and the high specific gravity sorting object 11 are quantitatively discharged by the high specific gravity discharge device 7. For the selected low specific gravity sort 12, a method of discharging together with water is a general air dynamic wet specific gravity sorter 1.

但し、反転装置６の目的は、選別対象物９を強制的に水中に没しさせ、その際水より比重の高い物質が水より比重が低い物質に載荷され、比重選別されないで高比重線状選別物１０が低比重選別物１２と共に排出することを防止するため、水中にもぐらさせて沈降させるためであるが、この方法では選別対象物９が積層されていることもあり、反転機構のみでは十分な分離機能とならなく、低比重選別物１２内に高比重線状選別物１０が混入する。 However, the purpose of the reversing device 6 is to forcibly submerge the sorting object 9 in the water, and at that time, a substance having a higher specific gravity than water is loaded on a substance having a lower specific gravity than water, and the specific gravity is not selected. In order to prevent the sorted product 10 from being discharged together with the low specific gravity sorted product 12, it is intended to sink and submerge in the water. However, in this method, the sorting target 9 may be stacked, and only the reversing mechanism is used. The high specific gravity linearly sorted product 10 is mixed in the low specific gravity sorted product 12 without a sufficient separation function.

又、従来の技術として、図２に示すように木屑等比重が水より低い異物質１４は、低比重選別物１５として回収されないように異物除去装置１３を取付けることがある。但し、この場合は、異物を除去することであり、異物質１４内に低比重物質１５に混入することになり、高比重線状選別物１０及び高比重選別物１１の誤込み物を除外する目的ではない。
特開２００１−２２０１９２広報特開２００４−３４６７４広報 Further, as a conventional technique, as shown in FIG. 2, a foreign substance removing device 13 may be attached so that a foreign substance 14 having a specific gravity lower than that of water, such as wood chips, is not collected as a low specific gravity sorting product 15. However, in this case, the foreign matter is removed, and the foreign substance 14 is mixed into the low specific gravity substance 15, so that erroneous inclusions of the high specific gravity linearly selected material 10 and the high specific gravity selected material 11 are excluded. It is not the purpose.
JP 2001-220192 PR JP 2004-34674 PR

従来の空気動式湿式比重選別機の適性な選別対象物は無機系物質がほとんどであるが、本発明の湿式比重選別機は鉱物原料と異なり、水より低い物質又は水に近い物質の比重例えば、比重１．０５〜１．２と水より高い比重、例えば比重２．０以上を製品産物として回収することが多く、例えば、産業廃棄物のように複合廃材物とした多種の比重の異なるプラスチックと金属の混合物が多く、これらを個別に選別し資源物として回収する必要性がある。従って、低比重物質と高比重物質とはまったく異なる性状の物質であるため、相互物質の混入を皆無にしなければならない。このため従来の空気動式湿式比重選別機の機能では、相互物質の混入を精度を高くして選別することは出来ない問題がある。 The suitable sorting objects of the conventional pneumatic type wet specific gravity sorter are mostly inorganic substances, but the wet specific gravity sorter of the present invention differs from mineral raw materials in that the specific gravity of a substance lower than water or a substance close to water, for example, In many cases, a specific gravity of 1.05 to 1.2 and a specific gravity higher than water, for example, a specific gravity of 2.0 or more is recovered as a product product. For example, various kinds of plastics made of composite waste materials such as industrial waste There are many mixtures of metal and metal, and it is necessary to select these individually and collect them as resources. Therefore, since the low specific gravity substance and the high specific gravity substance are substances having completely different properties, it is necessary to eliminate the mixing of mutual substances. For this reason, the function of the conventional pneumatic wet type specific gravity sorter has a problem that it is not possible to sort the mixed substances with high accuracy.

従来の空気動式湿式比重選別機は、分散板の上面の選別室２で整流脈動により選別をおこなっていたが、本発明は、分散板の下面の脈動室３で選別をおこなう方式、即ち分離板の下槽室で選別をおこなうことにより課題を解決することができる。即ち、水より低い比重の浮上物質は常に分離板の下にあるため、浮上物質への載荷を水中での強制の脈動運転によりはずすことで解決でき、かつ、線状物質が突き刺さっている状態に対しても水を任意の強制の不整流脈動力を与えることにより分離することができる。 In the conventional pneumatic wet type specific gravity sorter, the sorting is performed by the rectifying pulsation in the sorting chamber 2 on the upper surface of the dispersion plate, but the present invention is a method in which the sorting is performed in the pulsation chamber 3 on the lower surface of the dispersion plate, that is, separation. The problem can be solved by sorting in the lower chamber of the plate. In other words, since the levitating substance with a specific gravity lower than that of water is always under the separator, it can be solved by removing the loading on the levitating substance by forced pulsation operation in the water, and the linear substance is stuck. Again, water can be separated by applying any forced non-rectifying pulse power.

高比重物質の載荷物を除外するため、従来の反転装置方式を採用する場合は、図１の反転装置の数を増やさなければならなかったが、本装置の発明により低比重物回収物中の混入物はほとんどなくなり、低比重物質である浮上物質の純度が上る。又、従来型の湿式比重選別機は構造上反転装置が取付けられない場合が多くあった。 In order to exclude the load of high specific gravity material, when adopting the conventional reversing device method, the number of reversing devices in FIG. 1 had to be increased. Contaminants are almost eliminated, and the purity of levitating substances, which are low specific gravity substances, increases. In addition, the conventional wet specific gravity sorter often has a structure in which a reversing device cannot be attached.

浮上物質内に沈降物質が混入させない方法として、浮上物質を強制的に水中に没しさせ、水の上下方向の脈動を与えることにより、浮上物質浮上物質に付着している沈降物質を分離させるが、浮上物質を水中にある分離板の下面で水と同様な水中での上下動作をおこなわせる事により、分離効率が最適となることを利用する構造とした湿式比重選別機の形態である。更に脈動は整流状態でなく不規則な脈動を与えることにより、より効果のある分離状態となる。 As a method of preventing the sedimentary substance from mixing into the floating material, the floating material is forcibly submerged in water and the vertical pulsation of the water is applied to separate the sedimentary material attached to the floating material. It is a form of a wet specific gravity sorter that utilizes the fact that the separation efficiency is optimized by allowing the floating substance to move up and down in the same manner as water on the lower surface of the separation plate in water. Furthermore, the pulsation is not a rectification state, but an irregular pulsation is given, so that a more effective separation state is obtained.

実証例Demonstration example

図３は、分離板の下槽に選別室のある湿式比重選別機の構造を示す。図１に示す従来型の空気動式湿式比重選別機１は分散板４の上面に選別室２があり、下面には脈動室３と空気室５がある構造であるが、本発明は分離板４Ａの下面に選別室２Ａと脈動室３Ａ及び空気室５が存在する構造である。選別対象物９中の水より比重の低い物質である低比重物質１２は反転装置６により強制的に分離板４Ａの下面に沿って、水の流れと共に浮上物排出装置７Ａに水の上下方向の動作に追従しながら移動し排出される。この時、同様に低比重物質１２は、入排気口８ｂと排気口８ｃから個別の入気弁８ｂと排気弁８ｃによるランダムな加圧空気による水の上下方向の不整流脈動流を与えられることにより、低比重物質１２に付着していた例えば、金属系長形物は不整流脈動の衝撃により分離され、高比重物質１１となる。 FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wet specific gravity sorter having a sorting chamber in the lower tank of the separation plate. 1 has a structure in which a sorting chamber 2 is provided on the upper surface of a dispersion plate 4 and a pulsation chamber 3 and an air chamber 5 are provided on the lower surface. The sorting chamber 2A, the pulsation chamber 3A, and the air chamber 5 are present on the lower surface of 4A. The low specific gravity substance 12 which is a substance having a specific gravity lower than that of the water in the sorting object 9 is forced to move along the lower surface of the separation plate 4A by the reversing device 6 along with the flow of water to the floating material discharge device 7A in the vertical direction of the water. It moves and discharges following the movement. At this time, similarly, the low specific gravity material 12 is given a non-rectifying pulsating flow in the vertical direction of water by random pressurized air by the individual intake valve 8b and the exhaust valve 8c from the intake / exhaust port 8b and the exhaust port 8c. Thus, for example, a metal-based elongated object attached to the low specific gravity substance 12 is separated by the impact of non-rectifying pulsation, and becomes a high specific gravity substance 11.

図４及び図５は、図３における脈動状況を説明する図であるが、図４は従来の整流脈動パターンシステムの１例である。１サイクル中に入気と排気が１回ずつ繰り返され、又、波高及び波形はすべて同一であることを特徴としている。図５は本発明の不整流脈動パターンシステムである。１サイクルの時間は一定であるが、波高及び波形を任意に変更することを特徴とし、この現象を与えることにより、選別対象物９の水中での動きに変化を与えることが出来る。この不整流脈動パターンが効果的に低比重物質に載荷された高比重物質を分離することが可能である。 4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining the pulsation state in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 is an example of a conventional rectifying pulsation pattern system. Intake and exhaust are repeated once during one cycle, and the wave height and waveform are all the same. FIG. 5 shows the non-rectifying pulsation pattern system of the present invention. Although the time of one cycle is constant, it is characterized in that the wave height and the waveform are arbitrarily changed. By giving this phenomenon, the movement of the selection target 9 in water can be changed. This non-rectifying pulsation pattern can effectively separate the high specific gravity material loaded on the low specific gravity material.

従来の軟質系発泡プラスチックに針状物が突き刺さった状態又は、水より比重の低い物質を選別する際に載荷された状況になった比重の重い物質が混入する現象は頻繁に生じ、分離精度が低下し、回収有用物の価値を低下させている。現状の技術では、人間が目視により取り除く手段しかなく結果的には、有用物としてではなく、廃棄物として埋め立て処分されることがほとんどである。本発明の技術により、産業廃棄物又は、解体処理業での分別作業のすべての物質の分別に適応可能となる。特に、自動車のシュレッダーダスト、廃家電シュレッダーダスト等には軟質系発泡ウレタン内の導線の混入は多量であり、この物質同士を分離することにより機械装置業及び回収業としてのリサイクル産業事業が成立し、又循環型社会の構築を目指す資源回収産業事業も成立する。 The phenomenon of frequent mixing of substances with heavy specific gravity, which is in a state where needle-like objects are stuck in conventional soft foamed plastics or loaded with a substance having a specific gravity lower than water, occurs frequently and the separation accuracy is increased. The value of the recovered useful material is reduced. In the current technology, there is only a means for humans to remove visually, and as a result, most of them are landfilled as waste, not as useful. The technology of the present invention makes it possible to adapt the separation of all materials for industrial waste or separation work in the demolition treatment industry. In particular, the shredder dust of automobiles, waste home appliance shredder dust, etc., contain a large amount of conductive wires in soft urethane foam. By separating these materials, the recycling industry business as a machinery and equipment industry and a recovery industry was established. In addition, a resource recovery industry project aimed at building a recycling-oriented society will be established.

反転装置付空気動式湿式比重選別機の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the pneumatic wet type specific gravity sorter with an inversion apparatus. 木くず等浮上物除去装置付空気動式湿式比重選別機の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of an air dynamic wet specific gravity sorter with floating material removal apparatuses, such as a wood chip. 本事業形態の分離板の下槽選別の空気動式湿式比重選別機の機能説明図である。It is function explanatory drawing of the air dynamic wet specific gravity sorter of the lower tank sorting of the separation plate of this business form. 従来の整流脈動パターンシステムの説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the conventional rectification pulsation pattern system. 本事業形態の不整流脈動パターンシステムの説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the non-rectification pulsation pattern system of this business form.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１空気動式湿式比重選別機
１Ａ分離板下選別式空気動式湿式比重選別機
２選別室
３脈動室
４分散板
４Ａ分離板
５空気室
６反転装置
７高比重排出装置
７Ａ浮上物排出装置
８ａ入排気口
８ｂ入気口
８ｃ排気口
８Ａ入排気空気弁
８Ｂ入気空気弁
８Ｃ排気空気弁
９選別対象物
１０高比重線状選別物
１１高比重選別物
１２低比重選別物
１３異物除去装置
１４異物質
１５低比重物質DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air dynamic wet specific gravity sorter 1A Separation plate lower classification pneumatic dynamic wet specific gravity sorter 2 Sorting chamber 3 Pulsating chamber 4 Dispersion plate 4A Separation plate 5 Air chamber 6 Inversion device 7 High specific gravity discharge device 7A Floating matter discharge device 8a Inlet / exhaust port 8b Inlet port 8c Exhaust port 8A Inlet / exhaust air valve 8B Inlet air valve 8C Exhaust air valve 9 Selection object 10 High specific gravity linear selection 11 High specific gravity selection 12 Low specific gravity selection 13 Foreign matter removal device 14 Foreign material 15 Low specific gravity material

Claims

ウレタン、発泡スチロールの軟質系発泡プラスチック等水より比重の低い低比重物質に線状、板状の異なる性状を持つ金属、プラスチック等水より比重の重い高比重物質が付着混在している複合破砕物に対して、水中に没して分離する方法として、水槽中に分離板を設置し、低比重物質を強制的に分離板の下に高比重物質内の付着混存物と共に装入し、水を上下方向に作動させ、複合破砕物も同様の動作をする低比重物質と高比重物質を分散板の下槽室で選別させる湿式比重選別装置。 For composite crushed materials in which low specific gravity materials with lower specific gravity than water, such as urethane and polystyrene foam, are mixed with metal with different properties in the form of wires and plates, and high specific gravity materials with higher specific gravity than water, such as plastic. On the other hand, as a method of submerging and separating in water, a separation plate is installed in the water tank, and the low specific gravity material is forcibly charged under the separation plate together with the adhering mixture in the high specific gravity material, Wet specific gravity sorter that operates in the vertical direction and sorts low specific gravity and high specific gravity materials in the lower tank chamber of the dispersion plate.

請求項１において、水を上下方向に作動させる方法は、加圧空気を利用するが、その構造は分離板の下に空気室を設け、空気室内にて加圧空気を入気及び排気を行うことにより、空気と水境界面とにおいて、空気力が水面に作動させて水面を上下する機構を持っている装置。 In Claim 1, although the method of operating water up and down uses pressurized air, the structure provides an air chamber under a separating plate, and injects and exhausts pressurized air in an air chamber. In this way, a device having a mechanism for moving the air surface up and down by aerodynamic force acting on the water surface at the air and water boundary surface.

請求項１において、水より比重の低いウレタン等発泡性プラスチックと比重の重い線状物質又は板状物質の分離は分離板の下部水槽で行われるが、比重の低い物質は分離板の下面に沿って、水と共に排出される排出調整機により回収し、比重の高い物質は沈降物として水槽下端部から、排出される装置。 In claim 1, separation of the foamed plastic such as urethane having a specific gravity lower than that of water and the linear substance or plate-shaped substance having a higher specific gravity is performed in the lower water tank of the separation plate, but the substance having a lower specific gravity follows the lower surface of the separation plate. In addition, a device that is collected by a discharge regulator that is discharged together with water, and a substance with high specific gravity is discharged from the lower end of the water tank as sediment.

請求項１において、空気室から入気及び排気を繰り返すか、入気口と排気口は空気室の反対側板に位置し、入気と排気のタイミングを個別に調整する入気弁と排気弁を設けている装置。 In claim 1, the intake and exhaust are repeated from the air chamber, or the inlet and the exhaust are located on opposite plates of the air chamber, and the intake and exhaust valves for individually adjusting the timing of the intake and exhaust are provided. Equipment provided.