JP2007014675A - 拡張性の優れた柔軟なステント - Google Patents
拡張性の優れた柔軟なステント Download PDFInfo
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明のステントは、生体管腔を開存状態に保つための長手方向に配列された13個の環状部材1と、長手方向に隣り合う環状部材1、1同士を連結する2本の連結要素2を有してなる管状部材であって、半径方向に拡張可能になっている。環状部材1は、互いに平行して繰り返し蛇行する2本の波状要素11、12が、波の山と波の谷の中間部分で接続要素13により接続されてなる。
【選択図】 図2
Description
このような管腔径保持部とジョイント部からなるステントとしては、半径方向に独立に膨張可能な複数の円筒要素が、共通の軸線に略整列するように連結されたもの(特許文献1)や、相互に交差する複数の細長い部材によって形成された半径方向に伸張可能な管状部材からなるもの(特許文献2)、軸曲げ部にて一体的に接続された複数個の実質的に真っ直ぐで重なり合っていないセグメントを形成するように曲げられた少なくとも2つの単一のワイヤー状円形部材を備え、円形部材同士が軸曲げ部で堅固に接続されてなるもの(特許文献3)、第一及び第二方向に広がる軸を有する第一及び第二メアンダー模様をもつ模様形状の管よりなるもの(特許文献4)、斜め方向の相互連結素子で複数の円筒形セグメントを纏めてなり、末端が結合した支柱からなる開放構造型のもの(特許文献5)等が提案されている。
連結要素は直線状であっても曲線状であっても構わない。
尚、ステントの形成材料としては、ステンレス鋼、タングステン、タンタル、ニッケル−チタン合金などが採用可能である。また、本発明において、波状要素とは、波のように繰り返し蛇行する要素を意味し、直近の波の山と波の谷の部分で連結要素により選択的に連結されるという場合、直近の波の山と波の谷の複数の組み合わせの中から、連結する部分が少なくとも1つ選択されることを意味する。
以上、一般的に本発明を記述したが、より一層の理解は、いくつかの特定の実施例を参照することによって得ることが出来る。これらの実施例は本明細書に例示の目的のためにのみ提供されるものであり、他の旨が特定されない限り、限定的なものではない。
図1は本発明の一実施例に係るステントの平面図であり、図2は図1に示すステントの展開図、図3は図1に示すステントを拡張した状態を示す平面図、図4は図2の一部拡大図である。
実施例1のステントは、図1〜図3に示すように、生体管腔を開存状態に保つための長手方向に配列された13個の環状部材1と、長手方向に隣り合う環状部材1、1同士を連結する2本の連結要素2を有してなる管状部材であって、半径方向に拡張可能になっている。環状部材1は、互いに平行して繰り返し蛇行する2本の波状要素11、12が、波の山と波の谷の中間部分で接続要素13により接続されてなる。環状部材1の波状要素11、12は、連結要素2で連結される部分の振幅が、連結されない部分の振幅の4/5に縮小されている。セル(1つの波の山と1つの波の谷からなる)の数は6個である。
大きな波長の波Aと小さな波長の波Bの間隔は、現状におけるレーザー加工の精度の関係で、40〜70μm程度にするのがよい。
環状部材1のストラットの幅および厚み(波状要素11、12の幅および厚み)は60μmである。また、接続要素13の幅は60μmであり、この幅は、限定するものではないが、通常、波状要素の幅と同等または、耐圧縮性の向上のためそれより若干大きく形成される。
連結要素2は、環状部材1を管状に連結する要素であるが、ステントの柔軟性を決定する要素でもあり、形成材料が同じ場合、厚みが小さく幅が小さいほど柔軟性が良くなる。レーザー加工により製造されたステントの場合、通常、連結要素2の厚みは波状要素11、12の厚みと同等であり、ステントの耐圧縮性は略環状部材1の耐圧縮性によって決まる。そして、耐圧縮性は、形成材料が同じ場合、環状部材1の骨組み(ストラット)の厚みと幅によって決まる。従って、耐圧縮性を満足するステントの柔軟性は、連結部材2の幅によって決まることになるが、屈曲方向によって柔軟性が違わないように、連結部材の横断面形状は正方形や円形が好ましい。
実施例2のステントは、実施例1において、波の山および波の谷の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、且つ他の部分より狭くなっているものであり、図5に示すように、第1の波状要素11の波の山111と第2の波状要素12の波の山121の部分の間隔、および第1の波状要素11の波の谷112と第2の波状要素12の波の谷122の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、間隔を徐々に狭めて、その波頭部分の間隔は40μmであり、他の部分の間隔60μmより20μm狭くなっている。
このものは、実施例1に示すものと同様、ステント全体が曲げに対して柔軟であり、従って、管腔等への追従性に優れている。また、横穴の形成が容易である。また、耐圧縮性を満足させながらストラットの幅と厚みを小さくすることができ、また、ストラットの幅と厚みを同等にすることにより、ステント拡張時における波状要素の波頭部分の反り(外側に反る現象)を少なくすることができる。また、ステント拡張時における第1の波状部材の波頭の反りと、第2の波状部材の波頭における反りの大きさの違いが大きくないので、血管壁に及ぼす力の差が小さくなり、血管壁に対するストレスを緩和することができる。
実施例3のステントは、実施例1において、波の山および波の谷の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、且つ他の部分より広くなっているものであり、図6に示すように、第1の波状要素11の波の山111と第2の波状要素12の波の山121の部分の間隔、および第1の波状要素11の波の谷112と第2の波状要素12の波の谷122の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、間隔を徐々に広げて、その波頭部分の間隔は80μmであり、他の部分の間隔60μmより20μm広くなっている。
このものは、実施例1に示すものと同様、ステント全体が曲げに対して柔軟であり、従って、管腔等への追従性に優れている。また、横穴の形成が容易である。また、耐圧縮性を満足させながらストラットの幅と厚みを小さくすることができ、また、ストラットの幅と厚みを同等にすることにより、ステント拡張時における波状要素の波頭部分の反り(外側に反る現象)を少なくすることができる。また、ステント拡張時における第1の波状部材の波頭の反りと、第2の波状部材の波頭における反りの大きさの違いが大きいので、血管壁に及ぼす力の差が大きくなり、外側の波頭でしっかり血管壁に固定することができる。
図7から、本発明のステントが従来のステントと比較してはるかに優れた柔軟性を有していることが分かる。また、図8から、連結される波の山の高さ(谷の深さ)を適当に選択することにより拡張時におけるショートニングを防ぐことができることがわかる。また、図9から、血管径保持力については従来のステントより劣るが、比較例4との比較から、本発明のステントが耐圧縮性についても満足できるものであることがわかる。
尚、屈曲性については、ステント片端を固定し、もう片端に荷重(ニュートン)をかけた場合のステント変化量(mm)を解析した。
また、ショートニングについては、ステントを直径3.0mmに拡張した場合の長さの変化を解析した。グラフはステント長さの変化率(拡張後の長さ/拡張前の長さ)を示している。
血管径保持力については、ステントを圧縮(ニュートン)した場合のステント直径の変化(mm)を解析した。
11 第1の波状要素
111 波の山
112 波の谷
12 第2の波状要素
121 波の山
122 波の谷
13 接続要素
2 連結要素
Claims (7)
- 長手軸方向に配列された半径方向に拡張可能な複数の環状部材と、隣り合う該環状部材同士を長手軸方向に連結する1つまたは複数の連結要素を含んでなり、前記環状部材は、互いに平行または略平行して繰り返し蛇行する2本の波状要素が、波の山と波の谷の中間部分で接続要素により接続されてなり、隣り合う環状部材同士は、それぞれの直近の波の山と波の谷の部分で連結要素により選択的に連結されてなる血管追従性および拡張性の優れた柔軟なステント。
- 2本の波状要素が互いに平行している請求項1に記載のステント。
- 2本の波状要素は、波の山および波の谷の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、かつ他の部分より狭くなっている請求項1に記載のステント。
- 2本の波状要素は、波の山および波の谷の部分の間隔が平行になっておらず、かつ他の部分より広くなっている請求項1に記載のステント。
- 2本の波状要素の互いに平行する部分の間隔が、40μm〜70μmである請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 連結要素が直線状である請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 連結要素が曲線状である請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のステント。
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EP20060253579 EP1743603B1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2006-07-07 | Flexible stent with excellent expandability and trackability |
US11/482,812 US20070010869A1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2006-07-10 | Flexible stent with excellent expandability and trackability |
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EP1743603A3 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
US20070010869A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
JP4797473B2 (ja) | 2011-10-19 |
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