JP2006305538A - Filtration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration apparatus in which solid-suspended water such as muddy water of a lake, a marsh, a pond, a river or the like and the dirty water to be generated at various construction/civil works such as river construction work and sewerage works is recovered and filtered so that suspended solids are separated/recovered and the filtrate is used effectively as agricultural water, industrial water or the like, which can be operated continuously over a long period of time and which is excellent in stability of filtration performance, durability and maintainability. <P>SOLUTION: The filtration apparatus is provided with: a filtration tank in which solid-suspended water is stored; a solid-suspended water supply part for supplying solid-suspended water to the filtration tank from a spray nozzle part arranged at the internal bottom of the filtration tank; a disk-shaped ceramic filter which is arranged in the filtration tank and from the center hole side of which the filtrate obtained by permeating solid-suspended water through the ceramic filter from the outside surface thereof is discharged; a hollow pipe which is inserted/fixed in a center hole of the ceramic filter and through which the filtrate permeated through the ceramic filter is discharged; a discharge part connected to the hollow pipe for discharging the filtrate to the outside of the filtration tank; and a suspended solid recovery mechanism which is arranged to be slid freely at the internal bottom of the filtration tank and has a scraper. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、湖沼、池、河川等の泥水や河川工事、下水工事等の各種建設土木工事等で発生する汚水等の懸濁水を回収し、ろ過することにより、ろ過水を農業用水や工業用水等として有効利用できると共に、懸濁物質を分離回収することが可能なろ過装置に関する。  The present invention collects and filters mud water such as lakes, ponds and rivers and suspended water such as sewage generated in various construction works such as river works and sewage works, and filters the filtered water into agricultural water and industrial water. In addition, the present invention relates to a filtration device that can be effectively used as a storage device and can separate and recover suspended substances.

従来、河川工事、下水工事、道路工事、トンネル内の壁面工事等の各種建設土木工事等において、例えば道路カッター等から排出される懸濁排水はそのまま周囲に廃棄したり、貯留水槽に溜め浄化処理場等に搬送し浄化がなされたりしていた。
懸濁排水を浄化させるために固液分離装置等を組み合わせて浄化処理が行なわれており、このような懸濁排水の浄化処理に関して、例えば以下のような技術のものが知られている。
（特許文献１）には、「濁水・泥水を貯留する貯留槽と、前記濁水・泥水に凝集剤を投入する凝集剤投入手段と、前記凝集剤と前記濁水・泥水を混合してフロックを生成する混合装置と、前記混合装置で生成された前記フロックを水と分離するろ過装置とを備えた濁水・泥水処理装置」が記載されている。
（特許文献２）には、「濁水を通過させる流路部内の水流方向に沿って、直流電源の陽極及び陰極に夫々接続した陽極電極板と陰極電極板とを交互に配列して電極板群を形成してなる濁水処理装置」が記載されている。
（特許文献３）には、「微生物性汚泥貯槽の汚泥液面上に設けられた回転軸に中心部が固定され、下部が汚泥に浸漬される回転円板体と、該円板体の上部にて該円板体の中心部から円周方向に向けて該円板体の両側表面に当接される掻取り装置及び搾液ロールと、濃縮汚泥又は搾液を系外に搬出する排出溝を有する微生物性汚泥濃縮装置」が記載されている。
特開２００２−２１９４７１号公報 特開平１１−２２６５７７号公報 特公昭６１−５３０９６号公報 Conventionally, in various civil engineering works such as river construction, sewage construction, road construction, and wall construction in tunnels, for example, suspended wastewater discharged from road cutters, etc. is discarded as it is, or stored in a storage tank and purified. It was transported to a place where it was purified.
In order to purify the suspended waste water, a purification process is performed in combination with a solid-liquid separation device or the like. For example, the following technologies are known for the purification process of the suspended waste water.
(Patent Document 1) states that “a storage tank for storing muddy water / muddy water, a flocculant charging means for adding a flocculant to the muddy water / muddy water, and a floc is generated by mixing the flocculant and the muddy water / muddy water. The turbid water / muddy water treatment apparatus provided with a mixing apparatus that performs the above and a filtration apparatus that separates the floc generated by the mixing apparatus from water is described.
(Patent Document 2) describes an electrode plate group in which anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates respectively connected to an anode and a cathode of a DC power supply are alternately arranged along the direction of water flow in a flow passage section through which muddy water passes. The turbid water treatment apparatus formed by forming "."
(Patent Document 3) states that “a rotating disk body whose central part is fixed to a rotating shaft provided on a sludge liquid surface of a microbial sludge storage tank and whose lower part is immersed in sludge, and an upper part of the disk body. A scraping device and a squeezing roll which are brought into contact with both side surfaces of the disc body in the circumferential direction from the center of the disc body, and a discharge groove for carrying out concentrated sludge or squeezed liquid out of the system Microbial sludge concentrating device having a "."
JP 2002-219471 A JP-A-11-226577 Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-53096

しかしながら、上記従来の技術は以下のような課題を有していた。
（１）（特許文献１）に記載の凝集剤投入手段を有する濁水・泥水処理装置は、硫酸アルミニウム等の凝集剤を懸濁排水に加えて細かい粒子を凝集させフロック化させるので、汚泥の容積が増え排出時の作業性に欠け、この凝集剤が拡散して周囲の環境を汚染しやすい上に、高濃度の濁水には効果がなく、薬剤のコストがかかる等、経済性にも欠けるという課題があった。
（２）フロックと水とを分離するろ過装置が多孔質体からなり、濁水の処理に伴ってその網目体の表面に固形分が厚く付着していくために、濁水のろ過効率が次第に低下して、大量処理が困難になるとともにメンテナンスが煩雑で作業性に欠けるという課題があった。
（３）（特許文献２）に記載の電極板を用いて粒子を凝集させる濁水処理装置では、凝集させた処理液から固形分を分離する構成が呈示されていないので、電極板に流す濁水の水量などをろ過装置と連動させて適切に調整することが困難で、濁水処理の作業性に欠けるという課題があった。
（４）（特許文献３）に記載の微生物性汚泥濃縮装置は、円板体のろ過層の毛管現象により水分を吸引し、ろ過層表面に濃縮汚泥を付着させるものなので、微生物性汚泥貯槽の底に汚泥が沈澱し易く、ろ過脱水効率が悪いという課題を有していた。また、排出溝から系外に排出されたろ過水を回収或いは循環させる構造を有していないので、ろ過水を有効利用することができず、省資源性に欠けるという課題を有していた。掻取り装置により掻取られた濃縮汚泥を排出溝から系外に掻出す手段を有していないので、排出溝の内部に濃縮汚泥が溜まってしまい系外に排出できず信頼性に欠けるという課題を有していた。However, the above conventional technique has the following problems.
(1) The turbid water / muddy water treatment apparatus having the flocculant charging means described in (Patent Document 1) adds flocculant such as aluminum sulfate to the suspended drainage to agglomerate fine particles to form a floc. It is said that the workability at the time of discharge is increased and this flocculant diffuses and easily pollutes the surrounding environment, and it is not effective for high concentration turbid water, and the cost of the medicine is lacking. There was a problem.
(2) The filtration device that separates floc and water consists of a porous material, and the solid content adheres to the surface of the mesh body with the treatment of turbid water, so the filtration efficiency of turbid water gradually decreases. As a result, there is a problem that a large amount of processing becomes difficult, maintenance is complicated, and workability is lacking.
(3) In the turbid water treatment apparatus that agglomerates particles using the electrode plate described in (Patent Document 2), the configuration for separating the solid content from the agglomerated treatment liquid is not presented. There is a problem that it is difficult to appropriately adjust the amount of water in conjunction with the filtration device and the workability of muddy water treatment is lacking.
(4) The microbial sludge concentrator described in (Patent Document 3) sucks moisture by the capillary phenomenon of the filter layer of the disc body and attaches the concentrated sludge to the surface of the filter layer. There was a problem that sludge easily settled on the bottom and the filtration and dewatering efficiency was poor. Moreover, since it does not have the structure which collects or circulates the filtered water discharged | emitted out of the system from the discharge groove, it had the subject that filtered water could not be used effectively and lacked resource saving. Since there is no means to scrape the concentrated sludge scraped by the scraping device from the discharge groove to the outside of the system, the concentrated sludge accumulates inside the discharge groove and cannot be discharged outside the system and is not reliable. Had.

本発明は上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、湖沼、池、河川等の泥水や河川工事、下水工事等の各種建設土木工事等で発生する汚水等の懸濁水を回収し、ろ過することができ、懸濁物質を分離回収してろ過水を農業用水や工業用水等として有効利用できると共に、長期間に渡って継続運転が可能でろ過性能の安定性、装置の耐久性、メンテナンス性に優れたろ過装置を提供することを目的とする。  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and collects muddy water such as lakes, ponds and rivers and suspended water such as sewage generated in various construction works such as river works and sewage works. In addition to separating and recovering suspended solids, the filtered water can be used effectively as agricultural water, industrial water, etc., and can be operated continuously over a long period of time, providing stable filtration performance, durability of the equipment, and maintenance. It aims at providing the filtration apparatus excellent in property.

上記課題を解決するために本発明のろ過装置は、以下の構成を有している。
請求項１に記載のろ過装置は、懸濁水が貯留されるろ過槽と、前記ろ過槽の底部内側に配設された噴射ノズル部から前記懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部と、前記ろ過槽内に配設され外部表面側からろ過された前記懸濁水のろ過水が中心孔側から排出される円板状のセラミックフィルタと、前記セラミックフィルタの前記中心孔に挿通固定され前記セラミックフィルタでろ過された前記ろ過水が排出される中空管と、前記中空管に接続され前記ろ過水を前記ろ過槽の外部に排出する排水部と、前記ろ過槽の底部内側に摺動自在に配設されたスクレーパを有する懸濁物質回収機構と、を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用を有する。
（１）ろ過槽の底部内側に配設された噴射ノズル部から懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部を有するので、懸濁水をろ過槽の内部に噴射してろ過槽に貯留された懸濁水を攪拌することができ、懸濁物質を水と混合、分散させ、セラミックフィルタの表面で凝集させてろ過することができる。
（２）円板状のセラミックフィルタを用いることにより、外部表面側からろ過された懸濁水のろ過水を中心孔側から排出することができるので、ろ過面積が広くコンパクトでろ過性能に優れ、ろ過槽内のスペースが狭い場合でも複数のセラミックフィルタを離間して配設することができ、フィルタ面積を有効に利用して、効率的に懸濁水を処理できる。
（３）セラミックフィルタが円板状に形成され、セラミックフィルタの中心孔に挿通固定された中空管からろ過水を排出することができるので、セラミックフィルタの外部表面全面で均等にろ過を行うことができ、ろ過効率に優れる。
（４）セラミックフィルタの外部表面側でろ過を行うので、逆洗等を行うことにより、セラミックフィルタの外部表面に付着した懸濁物質等の固形分を容易に除去することができ、ろ過条件を略一定に維持して継続的に運転を行うことが可能になる。
（５）中空管に接続されろ過水をろ過槽の外部に排出する排水部を有するので、排水部を清水槽に接続してろ過水を貯留することができ、ろ過水の有効利用を図ることができる。
（６）懸濁物質回収機構が、ろ過槽の底部内側に摺動自在に配設されたスクレーパを有するので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を所定の箇所に掻き集めることができ、ろ過槽内の懸濁物質を確実に効率よく回収することができる。In order to solve the above problems, the filtration device of the present invention has the following configuration.
The filtration device according to claim 1 includes a filtration tank in which suspension water is stored, a suspension water supply unit that supplies the suspension water from an injection nozzle unit disposed inside a bottom of the filtration tank, and the filtration tank. A disk-shaped ceramic filter in which the filtered water of the suspended water filtered from the outer surface side disposed inside is drained from the center hole side, and is inserted and fixed in the center hole of the ceramic filter and filtered by the ceramic filter. A hollow tube from which the filtered water is discharged, a drainage unit connected to the hollow tube for discharging the filtered water to the outside of the filtration tank, and slidably disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank And a suspended matter recovery mechanism having a scraper.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since it has a suspension water supply part which supplies suspension water from the injection nozzle part arrange | positioned inside the bottom part of a filtration tank, the suspension water which injects suspension water into the inside of a filtration tank and was stored in the filtration tank It can be stirred and the suspended material can be mixed and dispersed with water, agglomerated on the surface of the ceramic filter and filtered.
(2) By using a disk-shaped ceramic filter, it is possible to discharge suspended water filtered from the external surface side from the center hole side, so the filtration area is wide, compact and excellent in filtration performance. Even when the space in the tank is narrow, a plurality of ceramic filters can be arranged apart from each other, and the suspended water can be treated efficiently by effectively using the filter area.
(3) Since the ceramic filter is formed in a disc shape and the filtered water can be discharged from the hollow tube inserted and fixed in the center hole of the ceramic filter, the ceramic filter is uniformly filtered over the entire outer surface of the ceramic filter. And has excellent filtration efficiency.
(4) Since the filtration is performed on the outer surface side of the ceramic filter, the solid content such as suspended solids adhering to the outer surface of the ceramic filter can be easily removed by backwashing, etc. It becomes possible to continuously operate while maintaining substantially constant.
(5) Since it has a drainage part that is connected to a hollow pipe and discharges filtrate water to the outside of the filtration tank, the drainage part can be connected to a fresh water tank to store filtrated water for effective use of filtrated water. be able to.
(6) Since the suspended matter recovery mechanism has a scraper that is slidably disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank, the suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank can be scraped to a predetermined location, The suspended solids in the filtration tank can be reliably and efficiently recovered.

ここで、ろ過槽はステンレス等の金属製で形成された加圧容器であり、ろ過槽の内部に満たされた懸濁水を必要な圧力に加圧してろ過を行う。ろ過槽内部に空気がない状態とすることで圧力変動を防止でき、ろ過性能を一定に保つことができるためである。ろ過槽の上部に空気抜き弁を配設した場合、簡便かつ確実にろ過槽内から空気を抜くことができ作業性、信頼性に優れる。
複数の円板状のセラミックフィルタは互いに離間して中空管に挿通固定され、ろ過槽内に横置きされる。セラミックフィルタは等間隔に配設することが好ましいが、中空管を要所で分割して形成した場合は、その連結部分ではセラミックフィルタの間隔が不等間隔になることがある。セラミックフィルタが配設された中空管を１つのユニットとし、複数のユニットを連結する構造とした場合、ユニット毎の取扱いが容易で組立及び分解の作業性に優れると共に、ろ過槽の容量に応じてユニットの数を選択して組込むことができるので汎用性に優れる。Here, the filtration tank is a pressurized container formed of a metal such as stainless steel, and performs filtration by pressurizing the suspension water filled in the filtration tank to a necessary pressure. This is because pressure fluctuation can be prevented and the filtration performance can be kept constant by making the inside of the filtration tank free of air. When an air vent valve is provided in the upper part of the filtration tank, air can be easily and reliably extracted from the filtration tank, and the workability and reliability are excellent.
A plurality of disk-shaped ceramic filters are inserted into and fixed to the hollow tube while being spaced apart from each other, and placed horizontally in the filtration tank. The ceramic filters are preferably arranged at equal intervals. However, when the hollow tube is divided and formed at important points, the intervals between the ceramic filters may be unequal at the connection portion. When the structure is such that a hollow tube with a ceramic filter is used as one unit and a plurality of units are connected, handling of each unit is easy and it is easy to assemble and disassemble. It is excellent in versatility because it can be installed by selecting the number of units.

セラミックフィルタは、炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、アルミナ、ジルコニア、マグネシア、サイアロン、コージライト、ムライト、酸化チタン等の内のいずれか一種または二種以上の混合物で製造された多孔質体で形成することが好ましい。外周面に１以上の取水孔が穿設された中空管をセラミックフィルタの中心孔に挿通固定し、中空管の取水孔とセラミックフィルタの中心孔を水密に連通することにより、セラミックフィルタの外部表面側でろ過されたろ過水を中空管から取出すことができる。尚、セラミックフィルタの内部に放射状の通水路を形成した場合、中心孔から効率的にろ過水を取出すことができる。また、中空管から逆に洗浄水を流して逆洗を行う時には洗浄水が速やかに通水路を通過し、セラミックフィルタ全面に行き渡るので効率よく確実な逆洗を行うことができ、略一定のろ過性能を維持することが可能でメンテナンス性に優れる。特に、高い圧力をかけて送液した場合でも、破損等が発生し難く、耐久性、長寿命性に優れる。  The ceramic filter may be formed of a porous body made of one or a mixture of two or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, alumina, zirconia, magnesia, sialon, cordierite, mullite, titanium oxide, and the like. preferable. A hollow tube having one or more water intake holes on the outer peripheral surface is inserted and fixed in the center hole of the ceramic filter, and the water intake hole of the hollow tube and the center hole of the ceramic filter are connected in a water-tight manner. The filtered water filtered on the outer surface side can be taken out from the hollow tube. In addition, when a radial water passage is formed inside the ceramic filter, filtered water can be efficiently taken out from the center hole. Also, when backwashing is performed by flowing wash water back from the hollow tube, the wash water quickly passes through the water passage and reaches the entire surface of the ceramic filter, so that efficient and reliable backwashing can be performed. It is possible to maintain the filtration performance and has excellent maintainability. In particular, even when the liquid is fed under a high pressure, breakage or the like hardly occurs and the durability and long life are excellent.

隣接するセラミックフィルタの間には緩衝材を配設することが好ましい。これにより、セラミックフィルタの間隔を全面に渡って略一定に保つことができ、セラミックフィルタ毎のろ過性能のばらつきを低減できる。また、ろ過装置の運搬時等におけるセラミックフィルタの振動を低減でき、破損等の発生を防止できる。緩衝材はセラミックフィルタの外周部に２乃至６箇所、設けることが好ましい。緩衝材の設置箇所が１箇所だけでは片持ち状態となり、セラミックフィルタの間隔を保持することが困難となる傾向があり、６箇所より多くなるにつれ部品点数が増加し、生産性が低下し易くなる傾向があり、いずれも好ましくない。緩衝材としては、合成ゴム製や合成樹脂製等の弾性体が好適に用いられる。
また、懸濁水の温度や粘度にもよるが、セラミックフィルタの間隔は６ｍｍ〜１２ｍｍが好ましい。セラミックフィルタの間隔が６ｍｍより狭くなるにつれ隙間に懸濁水が入り難くなってろ過性能が低下し易くなる傾向があり、１２ｍｍより広くなるにつれ噴射ノズル部からの噴流の力がセラミックフィルタの表面に伝わり難く、また懸濁水の攪拌作用が低下し易くなる傾向があり、いずれも好ましくない。It is preferable to provide a buffer material between adjacent ceramic filters. Thereby, the space | interval of a ceramic filter can be kept substantially constant over the whole surface, and the dispersion | variation in the filtration performance for every ceramic filter can be reduced. Moreover, the vibration of the ceramic filter during transportation of the filtration device can be reduced, and the occurrence of breakage or the like can be prevented. It is preferable to provide 2 to 6 buffer materials on the outer periphery of the ceramic filter. There is a tendency that it becomes cantilevered when only one buffer material is installed, and it becomes difficult to maintain the distance between the ceramic filters. As the number of the buffer material increases, the number of parts increases and the productivity tends to decrease. There is a tendency and neither is preferable. As the buffer material, an elastic body made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin is preferably used.
Further, although it depends on the temperature and viscosity of the suspended water, the distance between the ceramic filters is preferably 6 mm to 12 mm. As the distance between the ceramic filters becomes narrower than 6 mm, it becomes difficult for suspended water to enter the gap and the filtration performance tends to decrease. As the distance becomes larger than 12 mm, the force of the jet flow from the spray nozzle part is transmitted to the surface of the ceramic filter. It is difficult and the stirring action of the suspended water tends to be lowered, which is not preferable.

ろ過槽の形状は略円筒形状に形成することが好ましい。セラミックフィルタの外周とろ過槽の内周との差を小さくすることにより、ろ過槽に貯留された懸濁水のほぼ全体をセラミックフィルタ表面と接触させることができ、ろ過効率を向上させることができる。また、ろ過槽の縦断面形状が略円形であることにより、淀みなどが発生し難く、噴射ノズル部から噴射される懸濁水で、貯留された懸濁水全体を効率よく攪拌することができるので、懸濁物質を水と略均一に混合、分散させることができ、ろ過効率の安定性に優れる。  The filtration tank is preferably formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. By reducing the difference between the outer periphery of the ceramic filter and the inner periphery of the filtration tank, almost the entire suspended water stored in the filtration tank can be brought into contact with the surface of the ceramic filter, and the filtration efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the vertical cross-sectional shape of the filtration tank is substantially circular, it is difficult for stagnation and the like to occur, and the entire suspended water stored can be efficiently stirred with the suspended water sprayed from the spray nozzle part. Suspended substances can be mixed and dispersed almost uniformly with water, and the filtration efficiency is excellent.

懸濁水供給部の上流側には網状のカゴ体やフィルタ等を配設することが好ましい。予め大きなゴミや粒子の大きな懸濁物質等を捕捉することができ、噴射ノズル部の詰まり等を防止できメンテナンス性、信頼性に優れる。
懸濁水供給部は、ろ過槽の内部に懸濁水を供給する供給管と、供給管に接続された複数の噴射ノズル部を有する。噴射ノズル部はろ過槽の幅方向の略中央で長手方向に複数、配置するのが好ましい。噴射ノズル部をろ過槽の幅方向の略中央に配置することにより、底部から噴射される懸濁水がろ過槽の上面で左右に分かれ、ろ過槽の内周に沿うようにして底部まで移動するので、貯留された懸濁水を満遍なく攪拌することができ、懸濁物質の混合、分散安定性を向上させることができる。また、噴射ノズル部を長手方向に複数、配置することにより、ろ過槽内の要所で懸濁水を攪拌でき、ろ過槽内の懸濁水全体を略均一な混合、分散状態とすることができるので、ろ過条件を略一定に維持して継続的に運転を行うことができ信頼性に優れる。
尚、各々の噴射ノズル部にろ過槽の幅方向に複数のノズルを穿設した場合、ろ過槽の縦断面全体に渡って懸濁水を噴射することができ、懸濁水の攪拌効率を向上できると共に、一部のノズルに目詰まり等の不具合が発生しても他のノズルから懸濁水を噴射、供給することができ信頼性に優れる。It is preferable to arrange a net-like cage body, a filter or the like on the upstream side of the suspension water supply unit. Large dust, suspended particles with large particles and the like can be captured in advance, and the injection nozzle can be prevented from being clogged, and is excellent in maintainability and reliability.
The suspension water supply unit includes a supply pipe that supplies the suspension water to the inside of the filtration tank, and a plurality of injection nozzles connected to the supply pipe. It is preferable to arrange a plurality of spray nozzles in the longitudinal direction at the approximate center in the width direction of the filtration tank. By placing the spray nozzle part at the approximate center in the width direction of the filtration tank, the suspended water sprayed from the bottom part is divided into right and left on the upper surface of the filtration tank, and moves to the bottom part along the inner periphery of the filtration tank. The stored suspension water can be uniformly stirred, and the mixing and dispersion stability of the suspended substance can be improved. In addition, by arranging a plurality of spray nozzles in the longitudinal direction, the suspension water can be stirred at key points in the filtration tank, and the entire suspension water in the filtration tank can be made into a substantially uniform mixed and dispersed state. The operation can be continuously performed while maintaining the filtration conditions substantially constant, and the reliability is excellent.
In addition, when a plurality of nozzles are formed in each injection nozzle portion in the width direction of the filtration tank, the suspension water can be injected over the entire longitudinal section of the filtration tank, and the stirring efficiency of the suspension water can be improved. Even if a problem such as clogging occurs in some nozzles, the suspension water can be jetted and supplied from other nozzles, and the reliability is excellent.

懸濁物質回収機構としては、スクレーパをろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させるものが好適に用いられる。これにより、ろ過槽の底部で長手方向の端部や中央部等に配設された懸濁物質貯留部や排泥部等に懸濁物質を掻き集めることができる。尚、スクレーパの下端側はろ過槽の内周面に沿う形に形成することが好ましい。これにより、懸濁物質の掻き取り残しがなく、確実に懸濁物質を掻き集めることができる。また、スクレーパの枚数は懸濁物質貯留部や排泥部等の数や位置に応じて適宜、選択することができる。１枚のスクレーパをろ過槽の全長に渡って往復動させてもよいし、複数枚のスクレーパで掻き集める領域を分担して摺動距離を短くしてもよい。  As the suspended substance recovery mechanism, a mechanism that slides the scraper in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank is preferably used. Thereby, a suspended substance can be scraped up in the suspended substance storage part, the waste mud part, etc. which are arrange | positioned at the edge part of the longitudinal direction, the center part, etc. at the bottom part of the filtration tank. In addition, it is preferable to form the lower end side of a scraper in the shape in alignment with the internal peripheral surface of a filtration tank. As a result, there is no leftover of the suspended solids, and the suspended solids can be surely collected. Further, the number of scrapers can be appropriately selected according to the number and position of the suspended substance storage section, the mud discharge section, and the like. One scraper may be reciprocated over the entire length of the filtration tank, or a region scraped by a plurality of scrapers may be shared to shorten the sliding distance.

請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載のろ過装置であって、前記ろ過槽の底部に配設された排泥管と、前記排泥管の内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材と、前記攪拌部材に連結され前記攪拌部材を回動させる回動駆動部と、を有する排泥部を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）排泥部が、ろ過槽の底部に配設された排泥管を有するので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を確実にろ過槽の外部に排出することができる。
（２）排泥部が、排泥管の内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材を有するので、攪拌部材に連結した回動駆動部で攪拌部材を回動させることにより、排泥管に溜まった懸濁物質をほぐして固化を防止でき、排泥管の詰まりが発生せずメンテナンス性に優れる。Invention of Claim 2 is the filtration apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The drainage pipe arrange | positioned in the bottom part of the said filtration tank, and the diametrical direction was installed inside the said drainage pipe It has the structure provided with the agitation part which has a stirring member and the rotation drive part connected with the said stirring member and which rotates the said stirring member.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the sludge part has the sludge pipe | tube arrange | positioned at the bottom part of the filtration tank, the suspended solid deposited on the bottom part of the filtration tank can be reliably discharged | emitted to the exterior of a filtration tank.
(2) Since the mud drain has a stirring member that extends in the diametrical direction inside the mud pipe, by rotating the stirring member with a pivot drive connected to the stirring member, The accumulated suspended matter can be loosened to prevent solidification, and the drainage pipe is not clogged and maintenance is excellent.

ここで、攪拌部材としては線材の両端軸支部の間にコ字形、く字形、波形、円弧状等の屈曲部を１つ又は２つ以上組合せて形成したものが好適に用いられる。線材を用いることにより抵抗を低減することができ、確実に懸濁物質を攪拌してほぐすことができる。回動駆動部としては正逆回転可能なモータが好ましい。一方向への回転が不能になった場合、逆方向へ回転させることにより動作を回復させることができるためである。
排泥部の下流側に箱、麻袋、プラスチック製のバッグ等を配置又は連設することにより、溜まった塊状の懸濁物質を容易に外部に搬出し、廃棄処理できる。Here, as the stirring member, a member formed by combining one or two or more bent portions such as a U shape, a square shape, a corrugated shape, an arc shape, etc. between both end shaft support portions of the wire is suitably used. The resistance can be reduced by using the wire, and the suspended substance can be surely stirred and loosened. As the rotation drive unit, a motor capable of rotating forward and reverse is preferable. This is because when rotation in one direction becomes impossible, the operation can be recovered by rotating in the opposite direction.
By arranging or continuously providing a box, hemp bag, plastic bag, etc. downstream of the mud drainage section, the accumulated massive suspended substance can be easily carried out and discarded.

請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載のろ過装置であって、前記懸濁水供給部が、前記噴射ノズル部が配設された懸濁水貯留タンクと、前記懸濁水貯留タンクを前記ろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１又は２の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）懸濁水供給部が、噴射ノズル部が配設された懸濁水貯留タンクをろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構を有するので、噴射ノズル部の位置をずらしながら懸濁水を噴射、供給することができ、少ないノズルで効果的にろ過槽内部の懸濁水を攪拌して均一なろ過性能を確保することができる。
（２）逆洗時に噴射ノズル部を摺動させることにより、噴射ノズル部から噴射される懸濁水の力でセラミックフィルタの外部表面で凝集した粘土状の懸濁物質が膜状に剥がれ落ち、ろ過性能の回復を図ることができる。Invention of Claim 3 is the filtration apparatus of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said suspension water supply part is the suspension water storage tank by which the said injection nozzle part was arrange | positioned, and the said suspension water storage tank It has the structure provided with the injection nozzle sliding mechanism which slides in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the said filtration tank.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the suspension water supply unit has an injection nozzle sliding mechanism that slides the suspension water storage tank in which the injection nozzle unit is disposed in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank, the position of the injection nozzle unit is shifted. Suspension water can be jetted and supplied, and the suspension water inside the filtration tank can be effectively stirred with a small number of nozzles to ensure uniform filtration performance.
(2) By sliding the spray nozzle during backwashing, the clay-like suspended matter aggregated on the outer surface of the ceramic filter is peeled off in the form of a film by the force of the suspended water sprayed from the spray nozzle and filtered. Performance recovery can be achieved.

ここで、噴射ノズル摺動機構としては、チェーンとスプロケットを組合せたものが好適に用いられる。具体的には、ろ過槽の長手方向の両端部にスプロケットを回動自在に軸支し、スプロケットに巻回したチェーンの両端部を懸濁水貯留タンクの両端にそれぞれ接続すればよい。モータでいずれか一方のスプロケットを正逆回転させることにより、噴射ノズル部を摺動させることができる。尚、ろ過槽の底部や側部に懸濁水貯留タンクを案内するガイド部を設けた場合、摺動動作が安定し信頼性に優れる。  Here, a combination of a chain and a sprocket is suitably used as the injection nozzle sliding mechanism. Specifically, a sprocket may be pivotally supported at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank, and both ends of the chain wound around the sprocket may be connected to both ends of the suspension water storage tank. The spray nozzle part can be slid by rotating either one of the sprockets forward or backward with a motor. In addition, when the guide part which guides a suspension water storage tank is provided in the bottom part or side part of the filtration tank, sliding operation is stabilized and it is excellent in reliability.

請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１項に記載のろ過装置であって、前記懸濁物質回収機構が、前記噴射ノズル部の下方に配設された摺動部と、前記摺動部に前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され下端側が前記ろ過槽の底部内面に近接して垂設された前記スクレーパと、前記摺動部を前記ろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる摺動駆動部と、を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１項の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）懸濁物質回収機構の摺動部が噴射ノズル部の下方に配設されているので、摺動駆動部により摺動部を摺動させても噴射ノズル部の動作の妨げになることがなく懸濁水の供給と、スクレーパによる懸濁物質の回収を平行して行うことができる。
（２）スクレーパの下端側が、ろ過槽の底部内面に近接して配設されているので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した僅かな懸濁物質でも確実に掻き集めて回収することができる。
（３）スクレーパが摺動部の前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され垂設されているので、摺動部の後退時又は前進時にはスクレーパの回動を防止でき、確実に懸濁物質を掻き集めて回収することができる。Invention of Claim 4 is a filtration apparatus of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, Comprising: The said suspended solid collection | recovery mechanism is the sliding arrange | positioned under the said injection nozzle part. And the scraper that is pivotally supported by the sliding portion so as to be rotatable only in one direction of advance or retraction, and whose lower end side is provided close to the inner surface of the bottom of the filtration tank, and the sliding portion. And a sliding drive unit that slides parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 3, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the sliding part of the suspended substance recovery mechanism is disposed below the injection nozzle part, even if the sliding part is slid by the sliding drive part, the operation of the injection nozzle part is hindered. The suspension water can be supplied in parallel with the recovery of the suspended substance by the scraper.
(2) Since the lower end side of the scraper is disposed close to the inner surface of the bottom of the filtration tank, even a small amount of suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank can be reliably scraped and collected.
(3) Since the scraper is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable only in one direction of the forward or backward movement of the sliding portion, the scraper can be prevented from rotating during the backward or forward movement of the sliding portion, The suspended matter can be reliably scraped and collected.

ここで、摺動駆動部には正逆回転可能なモータが好適に用いられる。噴射ノズル摺動機構と同様に、ろ過槽の長手方向の両端部にスプロケットを回動自在に軸支し、スプロケットに巻回したチェーンの両端部を懸濁物質回収機構の摺動部の両端にそれぞれ接続すれば、モータでいずれか一方のスプロケットを正逆回転させることにより、摺動部をろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させることができる。尚、この摺動駆動部は懸濁物質回収機構に専用に設けてもよいし、前述の噴射ノズル摺動機構の駆動部と兼用してもよい。また、前述の懸濁水貯留タンクに懸濁物質回収機構の摺動部を配設するか、懸濁水貯留タンクを摺動部として利用した場合、噴射ノズル摺動機構を用いて懸濁物質回収機構のスクレーパを摺動させることができる。これにより、噴射ノズル摺動機構と懸濁物質回収機構の主要部を兼用することができ、省スペース性、実用性に優れる。
スクレーパを摺動部の前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動させるためには、スクレーパの表面側又は裏面側のいずれか一方に回動ストッパー部を配設するか、スクレーパの表面側又は裏面側に軸支部を設けスクレーパの上端面が摺動部の底面に当接するようにすればよい。Here, a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation is suitably used for the sliding drive unit. As with the spray nozzle sliding mechanism, sprockets are pivotally supported at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank, and both ends of the chain wound around the sprocket are attached to both ends of the sliding part of the suspended matter recovery mechanism. If each is connected, the sliding part can be slid in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank by rotating either one of the sprockets forward and backward with a motor. In addition, this sliding drive part may be provided exclusively for the suspended solids recovery mechanism, or may also be used as the drive part of the above-described spray nozzle sliding mechanism. In addition, when the suspension part of the suspension water recovery mechanism is disposed in the above-described suspension water storage tank or when the suspension water storage tank is used as the sliding part, the suspension substance recovery mechanism is used by using the spray nozzle sliding mechanism. The scraper can be slid. Thereby, the main part of a spray nozzle sliding mechanism and a suspended solid collection | recovery mechanism can be combined, and it is excellent in space saving property and practicality.
In order to rotate the scraper in only one direction of the sliding part forward or backward, a rotation stopper is provided on either the front or back side of the scraper, or the scraper surface or A shaft support portion may be provided on the back surface side so that the upper end surface of the scraper contacts the bottom surface of the sliding portion.

請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１項に記載のろ過装置であって、前記中空管に接続された逆洗ポンプを備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１項の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）中空管に接続された逆洗ポンプを有するので、清水槽等に貯留されたろ過水や水道水などを中空管に逆流させて供給することができ、セラミックフィルタの表面に凝集した懸濁物質を逆洗して除去することができる。Invention of Claim 5 is a filtration apparatus of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Comprising: It has the structure provided with the backwash pump connected to the said hollow tube.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 4, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since it has a backwash pump connected to the hollow tube, filtered water or tap water stored in a fresh water tank or the like can be fed back into the hollow tube and aggregated on the surface of the ceramic filter. The suspended material can be removed by backwashing.

ここで、逆洗ポンプでろ過水や水道水などを逆流させることにより、セラミックフィルタの表面とその表面に凝集した懸濁物質との間に水の層が形成される。このとき噴射ノズルから噴射される懸濁水の刺激（力）で懸濁物質を効果的に取除くことができる。噴射ノズルから噴射させるのは懸濁水でも清水でも構わない。セラミックフィルタの表面に凝集した懸濁物質に外力を与えることができればよいからである。
尚、逆洗ポンプによる逆洗を行う場合には、ろ過槽の圧力調整弁を開放する等してろ過槽内の圧力を抜く必要がある。Here, a water layer is formed between the surface of the ceramic filter and the suspended matter aggregated on the surface thereof by backflowing filtered water, tap water, or the like with a backwash pump. At this time, the suspended solids can be effectively removed by the stimulation (force) of the suspension water sprayed from the spray nozzle. Suspension water or fresh water may be ejected from the ejection nozzle. This is because it is sufficient if an external force can be applied to the suspended matter aggregated on the surface of the ceramic filter.
In addition, when performing backwashing by a backwashing pump, it is necessary to release the pressure in the filtration tank by opening a pressure regulating valve of the filtration tank.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）ろ過槽の底部内側に配設された噴射ノズル部から懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部を有するので、懸濁水をろ過槽の内部に噴射してろ過槽に貯留された懸濁水を攪拌することができ、懸濁物質を水と混合、分散させ、セラミックフィルタの表面で凝集させてろ過することができるろ過性能に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（２）円板状のセラミックフィルタを用いることにより、外部表面側からろ過された懸濁水のろ過水を中心孔側から排出することができるので、ろ過面積が広くコンパクトでろ過性能に優れ、ろ過槽内のスペースが狭い場合でも複数のセラミックフィルタを離間して配設することができ、フィルタ面積を有効に利用することができる効率性、省スペース性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（３）セラミックフィルタが円板状に形成され、セラミックフィルタの中心孔に挿通固定された中空管からろ過水を排出することができるので、セラミックフィルタの外部表面全面で均等にろ過を行うことができるろ過効率に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（４）セラミックフィルタの外部表面側でろ過を行うので、逆洗等を行うことにより、セラミックフィルタの外部表面に付着した懸濁物質等の固形分を容易に除去することができ、ろ過条件を略一定に維持して継続的に運転を行うことが可能な作業性、実用性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（５）中空管に接続されろ過水をろ過槽の外部に排出する排水部を有するので、排水部を清水槽に接続してろ過水を貯留することができ、ろ過水の有効利用を図ることができる省資源性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（６）懸濁物質回収機構が、ろ過槽の底部内側に摺動自在に配設されたスクレーパを有するので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を所定の箇所に掻き集めることができ、ろ過槽内の懸濁物質を確実に効率よく回収することができるメンテナンス性、信頼性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。According to invention of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) Since it has a suspension water supply part which supplies suspension water from the injection nozzle part arrange | positioned inside the bottom part of a filtration tank, the suspension water which injects suspension water into the inside of a filtration tank and was stored in the filtration tank It is possible to provide a filtration device having excellent filtration performance that can be stirred and suspended and mixed and dispersed with water, and agglomerated on the surface of the ceramic filter for filtration.
(2) By using a disk-shaped ceramic filter, it is possible to discharge suspended water filtered from the external surface side from the center hole side, so the filtration area is wide, compact and excellent in filtration performance. Even when the space in the tank is narrow, a plurality of ceramic filters can be arranged apart from each other, and it is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in efficiency and space saving that can effectively use the filter area. .
(3) Since the ceramic filter is formed in a disc shape and the filtered water can be discharged from the hollow tube inserted and fixed in the center hole of the ceramic filter, the ceramic filter is uniformly filtered over the entire outer surface of the ceramic filter. Therefore, it is possible to provide a filtration device with excellent filtration efficiency.
(4) Since the filtration is performed on the outer surface side of the ceramic filter, the solid content such as suspended solids adhering to the outer surface of the ceramic filter can be easily removed by backwashing, etc. It is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in workability and practicality that can be operated continuously while being maintained substantially constant.
(5) Since it has a drainage part that is connected to a hollow pipe and discharges filtrate water to the outside of the filtration tank, the drainage part can be connected to a fresh water tank to store filtrated water for effective use of filtrated water. Therefore, it is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in resource saving.
(6) Since the suspended matter recovery mechanism has a scraper that is slidably disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank, the suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank can be scraped to a predetermined location, It is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in maintainability and reliability that can reliably and efficiently collect suspended substances in the filtration tank.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）排泥部が、ろ過槽の底部に配設された排泥管を有するので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を確実にろ過槽の外部に排出することができるメンテナンス性、実用性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（２）排泥部が、排泥管の内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材を有するので、攪拌部材に連結した回動駆動部で攪拌部材を回動させることにより、排泥管に溜まった懸濁物質をほぐして固化を防止でき、排泥管の詰まりが発生しないメンテナンス性、信頼性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the sludge section has a sludge pipe disposed at the bottom of the filtration tank, the maintainability that can reliably discharge suspended substances deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank to the outside of the filtration tank, A filtration device having excellent practicality can be provided.
(2) Since the mud drain has a stirring member that extends in the diametrical direction inside the mud pipe, by rotating the stirring member with a pivot drive connected to the stirring member, It is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in maintainability and reliability in which the accumulated suspended matter can be loosened to prevent solidification and clogging of the drainage pipe does not occur.

請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１又は２の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）懸濁水供給部が、噴射ノズル部をろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構を有するので、噴射ノズル部の位置をずらしながら懸濁水を噴射、供給することができ、少ないノズルで効果的にろ過槽内部の懸濁水を攪拌して均一なろ過性能を確保することができ効率性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（２）逆洗時に噴射ノズル部を摺動させることにより、噴射ノズル部から噴射される懸濁水の力でセラミックフィルタの外部表面で凝集した粘土状の懸濁物質を除去でき、ろ過性能の回復を図ることができるメンテナンス性、信頼性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the suspension water supply part has an injection nozzle sliding mechanism that slides the injection nozzle part in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank, the suspension water can be injected and supplied while shifting the position of the injection nozzle part. In addition, it is possible to effectively stir the suspension water inside the filtration tank with a small number of nozzles to ensure uniform filtration performance, and to provide a highly efficient filtration device.
(2) By sliding the spray nozzle during backwashing, the suspended suspended solids aggregated on the external surface of the ceramic filter can be removed by the force of the suspended water sprayed from the spray nozzle, and the filtration performance is restored. Therefore, it is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in maintainability and reliability.

請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１項の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）懸濁物質回収機構の摺動部が噴射ノズル部の下方に配設されているので、摺動駆動部により摺動部を摺動させても噴射ノズル部の動作の妨げになることがなく懸濁水の供給と、スクレーパによる懸濁物質の回収を平行して行うことができる効率性、作業性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（２）スクレーパの下端側が、ろ過槽の底部内面に近接して配設されているので、ろ過槽の底部に堆積した僅かな懸濁物質でも確実に掻き集めて回収することができる信頼性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。
（３）スクレーパが摺動部の前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され垂設されているので、摺動部の後退時又は前進時にはスクレーパの回動を防止でき、確実に懸濁物質を掻き集めて回収することができる作業性、実用性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the sliding part of the suspended substance recovery mechanism is disposed below the injection nozzle part, even if the sliding part is slid by the sliding drive part, the operation of the injection nozzle part is hindered. Therefore, it is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in efficiency and workability, which can supply suspension water in parallel and collect suspended substances by a scraper in parallel.
(2) Since the lower end side of the scraper is disposed close to the inner surface of the bottom of the filtration tank, it is excellent in reliability that even a small amount of suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank can be reliably scraped and collected. Filtration device can be provided.
(3) Since the scraper is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable only in one direction of the forward or backward movement of the sliding portion, the scraper can be prevented from rotating during the backward or forward movement of the sliding portion, It is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in workability and practicality capable of reliably collecting and collecting suspended substances.

請求項５に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１項の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）中空管に接続された逆洗ポンプを有するので、清水槽等に貯留されたろ過水や水道水などを中空管に逆流させて供給することができ、セラミックフィルタの表面に凝集した懸濁物質を逆洗して除去することができるメンテナンス性、信頼性に優れたろ過装置を提供することができる。According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, it has the following effects.
(1) Since it has a backwash pump connected to the hollow tube, filtered water or tap water stored in a fresh water tank or the like can be fed back into the hollow tube and aggregated on the surface of the ceramic filter. It is possible to provide a filtration device excellent in maintainability and reliability capable of backwashing and removing the suspended substances.

以下、本発明の実施の形態１におけるろ過装置について、以下図面を参照しながら説明する。
（実施の形態１）
図１は実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の使用状態を示す全体斜視図である。
図１中、１は本発明の実施の形態１におけるろ過装置、１５はろ過装置１でろ過を行う懸濁水が貯留される原水槽、１５ａはろ過装置１と原水槽１５を接続する懸濁水送水管、１５ｂは懸濁水送水管１５ａの途中に配設されろ過装置１へ懸濁水を送水する送水ポンプ、２０はろ過装置１でろ過されたろ過水が貯留される清水槽、２０ａはろ過装置１と清水槽２０を接続するろ過水排水管、２０ｂはろ過水排水管２０ａの途中に配設され清水槽２０に貯留されたろ過水をろ過装置１へ逆流させる逆洗ポンプである。Hereinafter, the filtration device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a use state of the filtration device in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a filtration device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, 15 is a raw water tank in which suspended water to be filtered by the filtration device 1 is stored, and 15 a is a suspended water feed that connects the filtration device 1 and the raw water tank 15. A water pipe 15b is provided in the middle of the suspended water supply pipe 15a and is a water supply pump for supplying the suspension water to the filtration apparatus 1, 20 is a fresh water tank in which the filtrate filtered by the filtration apparatus 1 is stored, and 20a is a filtration apparatus 1. A filtered water drain pipe 20b connecting the fresh water tank 20 and 20b is a backwash pump that is disposed in the middle of the filtered water drain pipe 20a and causes the filtered water stored in the fresh water tank 20 to flow back to the filtration device 1.

ろ過装置の詳細について説明する。
図２は実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の断面側面図であり、図３（ａ）は図２におけるＡ−Ａ線断面図であり、図３（ｂ）は図２におけるＢ−Ｂ線断面図、図４は実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の懸濁水供給部及び懸濁物質回収機構を示す斜視図である。
図２乃至４中、２はステンレス等の金属で円筒状に形成され原水槽１５から送水された懸濁水が貯留されるろ過装置１のろ過槽、２ａはろ過槽２の両端部に配設されろ過槽２を密閉する蓋部、２ｂはろ過槽２内の圧力を測定する圧力計、２ｃはろ過槽２内の圧力を調整するための圧力調整弁、２ｄはろ過槽２内の空気を排出するための空気抜き弁、３はろ過槽２の底部に形設され懸濁水送水管１５ａが接続される送水管接続部、４はろ過槽２内の底部に載置された懸濁水供給部、５は送水管接続部３に接続されろ過槽２の内部に懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部４の供給管、５ａは供給管５の外周に穿設された懸濁水の供給口、６は両端部が止水部６ａで水密に封止され懸濁水を貯留する懸濁水供給部４の懸濁水貯留タンク、６ｂは後述する懸濁物質回収機構８の摺動部を兼ねた懸濁水貯留タンク６の底部、７は懸濁水貯留タンク６の長手方向に配設された懸濁水供給部４の複数の噴射ノズル部、７ａは噴射ノズル部７に穿設された噴射ノズル、８は懸濁水貯留タンク６の底部６ｂに配設された懸濁物質回収機構、８ａ，８ｂはそれぞれ摺動部としての懸濁水貯留タンク６の底部６ｂに配設された軸支部８ｃにより前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され下端側がろ過槽２の底部内面に近接して垂設された板状のスクレーパ、９はろ過槽２の外部に配設され懸濁水貯留タンク６をろ過槽２の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構、１０は外周面に複数の取水孔１０ａが穿設された中空管、１０ｂは中空管１０ａの両端に配設されろ過槽２の両側長手方向に配設された支持用突起２ｅで支持された中空管１０ａの支持板、１０ｃは中空管１０ａの一端部に接続されろ過槽２の外部に開口した排水部、１１は円板状に形成されたセラミックフィルタ、１１ａはセラミックフィルタ１１の内部に放射状に形成された複数の通水路、１１ｂは中空管１０が挿通固定されたセラミックフィルタ１１の中心孔、１２は中空管１０とセラミックフィルタ１１を水密に封止する封止部、１３はろ過槽２の底部に形設された排泥部、１３ａは排泥部１３の排泥管、１３ｂは排泥管１３ａの内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材、１３ｃは攪拌部材１３ｂに連結され攪拌部材１３ｂを回動させる回動駆動部、１４は排泥管１３ａの下方に配設された排泥バルブ、矢印ａはろ過時の経路、矢印ｂは逆洗時の経路である。Details of the filtration device will be described.
2 is a cross-sectional side view of the filtration device according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a suspended water supply unit and a suspended substance recovery mechanism of the filtration device in the first embodiment.
2 to 4, reference numeral 2 denotes a filtration tank of the filtration device 1 that is formed in a cylindrical shape with a metal such as stainless steel and stores suspended water fed from the raw water tank 15, and 2 a is disposed at both ends of the filtration tank 2. The lid for sealing the filtration tank 2, 2 b is a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the filtration tank 2, 2 c is a pressure adjustment valve for adjusting the pressure in the filtration tank 2, and 2 d is for discharging the air in the filtration tank 2 An air vent valve 3 is provided at the bottom of the filtration tank 2 and is connected to a suspension water supply pipe 15a, 4 is a suspension water supply part 5 placed on the bottom of the filtration tank 2, 5 Is a supply pipe of the suspension water supply part 4 connected to the water pipe connection part 3 and supplying the suspension water to the inside of the filtration tank 2, 5a is a supply port of the suspension water drilled on the outer periphery of the supply pipe 5, and 6 is both ends. The suspension water storage tank 6b of the suspension water supply section 4 for storing the suspension water in which the section is sealed in a watertight manner by the water stop section 6a, The bottom part of the suspension water storage tank 6 that also serves as the sliding part of the substance recovery mechanism 8, 7 is a plurality of injection nozzle parts of the suspension water supply part 4 disposed in the longitudinal direction of the suspension water storage tank 6, and 7 a is the injection nozzle. An injection nozzle drilled in the section 7, 8 is a suspended substance recovery mechanism disposed on the bottom 6b of the suspension water storage tank 6, and 8a and 8b are respectively on the bottom 6b of the suspension water storage tank 6 as a sliding part. A plate-shaped scraper that is pivotally supported in only one direction of forward movement or backward movement by the disposed pivotal support portion 8c and whose lower end side is provided close to the inner surface of the bottom of the filtration tank 2, and 9 is a filtration tank. 2, an injection nozzle sliding mechanism that slides the suspension water storage tank 6 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank 2, and 10 is a hollow tube having a plurality of water intake holes 10a formed on the outer peripheral surface, 10b is disposed at both ends of the hollow tube 10a and is disposed on both sides of the filtration tank 2 in the longitudinal direction. The support plate 10a of the hollow tube 10a supported by the support protrusion 2e disposed on the drainage portion 10c is connected to one end of the hollow tube 10a and opened to the outside of the filtration tank 2, and 11 is a disc shape. The formed ceramic filter, 11a is a plurality of water passages formed radially inside the ceramic filter 11, 11b is a center hole of the ceramic filter 11 through which the hollow tube 10 is inserted and fixed, and 12 is a ceramic tube and ceramic. A sealing part for sealing the filter 11 in a watertight manner, 13 is a drainage part formed at the bottom of the filtration tank 2, 13a is a drainage pipe of the drainage part 13, and 13b is diametrically arranged inside the drainage pipe 13a. The stirring member 13c is connected to the stirring member 13b and is connected to the stirring member 13b to rotate the stirring member 13b, 14 is a drainage valve disposed below the drainage pipe 13a, and arrow a is during filtration. , Arrow b is the backwashing route .

以上のように構成された実施の形態１におけるろ過装置によれば、以下の作用を有する。
（１）ろ過槽２の底部内側に配設された噴射ノズル部７から懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部４を有するので、懸濁水をろ過槽２の内部に噴射してろ過槽２に貯留された懸濁水を攪拌することができ、懸濁物質を水と混合、分散させ、セラミックフィルタ１１の表面で疑集させてろ過することができる。
（２）円板状のセラミックフィルタ１１を用いることにより、外部表面側からろ過された懸濁水のろ過水を中心孔１１ｂ側から排出することができるので、ろ過面積が広くコンパクトでろ過性能に優れ、ろ過槽２内のスペースが狭い場合でも複数のセラミックフィルタ１１を離間して配設することができ、フィルタ面積を有効に利用して、効率的に懸濁水を処理できる。
（３）セラミックフィルタ１１が円板状に形成され、セラミックフィルタ１１の中心孔１１ｂに挿通固定された中空管１０からろ過水を排出することができるので、セラミックフィルタ１１の外部表面全面で均等にろ過を行うことができ、ろ過効率に優れる。
（４）セラミックフィルタ１１の外部表面側でろ過を行うので、逆洗等を行うことにより、セラミックフィルタ１１の外部表面に付着した懸濁物質等の固形分を容易に除去することができ、ろ過条件を略一定に維持して継続的に運転を行うことが可能になる。
（５）中空管１０に接続されろ過水をろ過槽２の外部に排出する排水部１０ｃを有するので、排水部１０ｃを清水槽２０に接続してろ過水を貯留することができ、ろ過水の有効利用を図ることができる。
（６）懸濁物質回収機構８が、ろ過槽２の底部内側に摺動自在に配設されたスクレーパ８ａを有するので、ろ過槽２の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を所定の箇所に掻き集めることができ、ろ過槽２内の懸濁物質を確実に効率よく回収することができる。
（７）排泥部１３が、ろ過槽２の底部に配設された排泥管１３ａを有するので、ろ過槽２の底部に堆積した懸濁物質を確実にろ過槽２の外部に排出することができる。
（８）排泥部１３が、排泥管１３ａの内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材１３ｂを有するので、攪拌部材１３ｂに連結した回動駆動部１３ｂで攪拌部材１３ｂを回動させることにより、排泥管１３ａに溜まった懸濁物質をほぐして固化を防止でき、排泥管１３ａの詰まりが発生せずメンテナンス性に優れる。
（９）懸濁水供給部４が、噴射ノズル部７が配設された懸濁水貯留タンク６をろ過槽２の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構９を有するので、噴射ノズル部７の位置をずらしながら懸濁水を噴射、供給することができ、少ないノズル７ａで効果的にろ過槽２内部の懸濁水を攪拌して均一なろ過性能を確保することができる。
（１０）逆洗時に噴射ノズル部７を摺動させることにより、噴射ノズル部７から噴射される懸濁水の力でセラミックフィルタｌ１の外部表面で凝集した粘土状の懸濁物質が膜状に剥がれ落ち、ろ過性能の回復を図ることができる。
（１１）懸濁物質回収機構８の摺動部としての懸濁水貯留タンク６の上面に噴射ノズル部７が配設されているので、噴射ノズル摺動機構９により懸濁水貯留タンク６と共にスクレーパ８ａ，８ｂを摺動させても噴射ノズル部７の動作の妨げになることがなく懸濁水の供給と、スクレーパ８ａ，８ｂによる懸濁物質の回収を平行して行うことができる。
（１２）スクレーパ８ａ，８ｂの下端側が、ろ過槽２の底部内面に近接して配設されているので、ろ過槽２の底部に堆積した僅かな懸濁物質でも確実に掻き集めて回収することができる。
（１３）スクレーパ８ａ，８ｂが懸濁水貯留タンク６の前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され垂設されているので、懸濁水貯留タンク６の後退時又は前進時にはスクレーパ８ａ，８ｂの回動を防止でき、確実に懸濁物質を掻き集めて回収することができる。
（１４）中空管１０に接続された逆洗ポンプ２０ｂを有するので、清水槽２０等に貯留されたろ過水や水道水などを中空管１０に逆流させて供給することができ、セラミックフィルタ１１の表面に凝集した懸濁物質を逆洗して除去することができる。The filtration device according to Embodiment 1 configured as described above has the following operation.
(1) Since it has the suspension water supply part 4 which supplies suspension water from the injection nozzle part 7 arrange | positioned inside the bottom part of the filtration tank 2, suspension water is injected into the inside of the filtration tank 2, and is stored in the filtration tank 2 The suspended water thus prepared can be stirred, and the suspended substance can be mixed and dispersed with water, collected on the surface of the ceramic filter 11 and filtered.
(2) By using the disk-shaped ceramic filter 11, the filtered water of the suspended water filtered from the outer surface side can be discharged from the center hole 11b side, so the filtration area is wide, compact and excellent in filtration performance. Even when the space in the filtration tank 2 is narrow, the plurality of ceramic filters 11 can be disposed apart from each other, and the suspended water can be efficiently treated by effectively using the filter area.
(3) Since the ceramic filter 11 is formed in a disc shape and filtrate water can be discharged from the hollow tube 10 inserted and fixed in the center hole 11 b of the ceramic filter 11, the ceramic filter 11 is evenly distributed over the entire outer surface of the ceramic filter 11. Can be filtered, and the filtration efficiency is excellent.
(4) Since filtration is performed on the outer surface side of the ceramic filter 11, solid contents such as suspended substances attached to the outer surface of the ceramic filter 11 can be easily removed by performing backwashing, etc. It is possible to continuously operate while maintaining the conditions substantially constant.
(5) Since it has the drainage part 10c which is connected to the hollow tube 10 and discharges filtered water to the outside of the filtration tank 2, the drainage part 10c can be connected to the fresh water tank 20 to store filtrated water. Can be used effectively.
(6) Since the suspended solid recovery mechanism 8 has the scraper 8a slidably disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank 2, the suspended solid deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank 2 is collected at a predetermined location. The suspended substance in the filtration tank 2 can be reliably and efficiently recovered.
(7) Since the mud drain 13 has the mud pipe 13a disposed at the bottom of the filtration tank 2, the suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filter tank 2 is surely discharged to the outside of the filter tank 2. Can do.
(8) Since the mud discharging part 13 has the stirring member 13b provided in the diametrical direction inside the mud discharging pipe 13a, the stirring member 13b is rotated by the rotation driving part 13b connected to the stirring member 13b. Thus, the suspended matter accumulated in the mud pipe 13a can be loosened and solidification can be prevented, and the mud pipe 13a is not clogged and is excellent in maintainability.
(9) Since the suspension water supply unit 4 includes the injection nozzle sliding mechanism 9 that slides the suspension water storage tank 6 in which the injection nozzle unit 7 is disposed in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank 2, the injection nozzle unit Suspended water can be jetted and supplied while shifting the position of No. 7, and the suspended water inside the filtration tank 2 can be effectively stirred with a small number of nozzles 7a to ensure uniform filtration performance.
(10) By sliding the injection nozzle portion 7 during backwashing, the clay-like suspended matter aggregated on the outer surface of the ceramic filter 11 is peeled off into a film shape by the force of the suspension water sprayed from the injection nozzle portion 7. Fall and recovery of filtration performance can be achieved.
(11) Since the injection nozzle portion 7 is disposed on the upper surface of the suspended water storage tank 6 as the sliding portion of the suspended substance recovery mechanism 8, the scraper 8a is disposed together with the suspension water storage tank 6 by the injection nozzle sliding mechanism 9. , 8b can be slid without interrupting the operation of the injection nozzle section 7, and the suspended water can be supplied in parallel with the recovery of the suspended matter by the scrapers 8a, 8b.
(12) Since the lower ends of the scrapers 8a and 8b are disposed close to the inner surface of the bottom of the filtration tank 2, even a small amount of suspended matter deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank 2 can be reliably scraped and collected. it can.
(13) Since the scrapers 8a and 8b are pivotally supported so as to be rotatable only in one direction of the suspension water storage tank 6 in the forward or backward direction, the scraper is retracted when the suspension water storage tank 6 is moved backward or forward. The rotation of 8a and 8b can be prevented, and the suspended substance can be reliably scraped and collected.
(14) Since the backwash pump 20b connected to the hollow tube 10 is provided, filtered water, tap water, etc. stored in the fresh water tank 20 or the like can be supplied to the hollow tube 10 by being backflowed. The suspended matter aggregated on the surface of 11 can be removed by backwashing.

本発明は、湖沼、池、河川等の泥水や河川工事、下水工事等の各種建設土木工事等で発生する汚水等の懸濁水を回収し、ろ過することができ、懸濁物質を分離回収してろ過水を農業用水や工業用水等として有効利用できると共に、長期間に渡って継続運転が可能でろ過性能の安定性、装置の耐久性、メンテナンス性に優れたろ過装置を提供できる。  The present invention can collect and filter muddy water such as lakes, ponds and rivers, and suspended water such as sewage generated in various construction works such as river works and sewage works. Thus, the filtered water can be effectively used as agricultural water, industrial water, etc., and can be continuously operated for a long period of time, thereby providing a filtration device having excellent filtration performance, durability of the device, and excellent maintainability.

実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の使用状態を示す全体斜視図Whole perspective view which shows the use condition of the filtration apparatus in Embodiment 1 実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の断面側面図Sectional side view of the filtration device in the first embodiment （ａ）図２におけるＡ−Ａ線断面図（ｂ）図２におけるＢ−Ｂ線断面図(A) AA line sectional view in FIG. 2 (b) BB line sectional view in FIG. 実施の形態１におけるろ過装置の懸濁水供給部及び懸濁物質回収機構を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the suspension water supply part and suspension substance collection | recovery mechanism of the filtration apparatus in Embodiment 1.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ろ過装置
２ ろ過槽
２ａ 蓋部
２ｂ 圧力計
２ｃ 圧力調整弁
２ｄ 空気抜き弁
２ｅ 支持用突起
３ 送水管接続部
４ 懸濁水供給部
５ 供給管
５ａ 供給口
６ 懸濁水貯留タンク
６ａ 止水部
６ｂ 底部
７ 噴射ノズル部
７ａ 噴射ノズル
８ 懸濁物質回収機構
８ａ，８ｂ スクレーパ
８ｃ 軸支部
９ 噴射ノズル摺動機構
１０ 中空管
１０ａ 取水孔
１０ｂ 支持板
１０ｃ 排水部
１１ セラミックフィルタ
１１ａ 通水路
１１ｂ 中心孔
１２ 封止部
１３ 排泥部
１３ａ 排泥管
１３ｂ 攪拌部材
１３ｃ 回動駆動部
１４ 排泥バルブ
１５ 原水槽
１５ａ 懸濁水送水管
１５ｂ 送水ポンプ
２０ 清水槽
２０ａ ろ過水排水管
２０ｂ 逆洗ポンプDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration apparatus 2 Filtration tank 2a Cover part 2b Pressure gauge 2c Pressure adjustment valve 2d Air vent valve 2e Support protrusion 3 Water supply pipe connection part 4 Suspension water supply part 5 Supply pipe 5a Supply port 6 Suspension water storage tank 6a Water stop part 6b Bottom part 7 Injecting nozzle portion 7a Injecting nozzle 8 Suspended substance recovery mechanism 8a, 8b Scraper 8c Shaft support portion 9 Injecting nozzle sliding mechanism 10 Hollow tube 10a Intake hole 10b Support plate 10c Drainage portion 11 Ceramic filter 11a Water passage 11b Center hole 12 Sealing Stop part 13 Drainage part 13a Drainage pipe 13b Stirring member 13c Rotation drive part 14 Drainage valve 15 Raw water tank 15a Suspension water water supply pipe 15b Water supply pump 20 Fresh water tank 20a Filtration water drainage pipe 20b Backwash pump

Claims (5)

懸濁水が貯留されるろ過槽と、前記ろ過槽の底部内側に配設された噴射ノズル部から前記懸濁水を供給する懸濁水供給部と、前記ろ過槽内に配設され外部表面側からろ過された前記懸濁水のろ過水が中心孔側から排出される円板状のセラミックフィルタと、前記セラミックフィルタの前記中心孔に挿通固定され前記セラミックフィルタでろ過された前記ろ過水が排出される中空管と、前記中空管に接続され前記ろ過水を前記ろ過槽の外部に排出する排水部と、前記ろ過槽の底部内側に摺動自在に配設されたスクレーパを有する懸濁物質回収機構と、を備えたことを特徴とするろ過装置。A filtration tank in which suspension water is stored, a suspension water supply part that supplies the suspension water from an injection nozzle part that is disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank, and a filtration from the external surface side that is disposed in the filtration tank A disc-shaped ceramic filter from which the filtered water of the suspended water is discharged from the center hole side, and the filtered water that is inserted and fixed in the center hole of the ceramic filter and filtered by the ceramic filter is discharged Suspended matter recovery mechanism comprising an empty pipe, a drainage section connected to the hollow pipe for discharging the filtered water to the outside of the filtration tank, and a scraper slidably disposed inside the bottom of the filtration tank And a filtration device. 前記ろ過槽の底部に配設された排泥管と、前記排泥管の内部に直径方向に渡設された攪拌部材と、前記攪拌部材に連結され前記攪拌部材を回動させる回動駆動部と、を有する排泥部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のろ過装置。A drainage pipe disposed at the bottom of the filtration tank, a stirring member diametrically provided inside the drainage pipe, and a rotation drive unit connected to the stirring member and rotating the stirring member The filtration device according to claim 1, further comprising: 前記懸濁水供給部が、前記噴射ノズル部が配設された懸濁水貯留タンクと、前記懸濁水貯留タンクを前記ろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる噴射ノズル摺動機構を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のろ過装置。The suspension water supply unit includes a suspension water storage tank in which the injection nozzle unit is disposed, and an injection nozzle sliding mechanism that slides the suspension water storage tank in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above. 前記懸濁物質回収機構が、前記噴射ノズル部の下方に配設された摺動部と、前記摺動部に前進方向若しくは後退方向の一方向のみに回動自在に軸支され下端側が前記ろ過槽の底部内面に近接して垂設された前記スクレーパと、前記摺動部を前記ろ過槽の長手方向と平行に摺動させる摺動駆動部と、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１項に記載のろ過装置。The suspended substance recovery mechanism is supported by a sliding portion disposed below the spray nozzle portion, and is pivotally supported by the sliding portion so as to be rotatable only in one direction of advancing or retreating. 2. The scraper suspended near the inner surface of the bottom of the tank, and a sliding drive unit that slides the sliding part parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filtration tank. 4. The filtration device according to any one of items 3 to 3. 前記中空管に接続された逆洗ポンプを備えたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１項に記載のろ過装置。The filtration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a backwash pump connected to the hollow tube.

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