JP2006276882A - End part structure of optical fiber and optical fiber - Google Patents

End part structure of optical fiber and optical fiber Download PDF

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JP2006276882A
JP2006276882A JP2006157086A JP2006157086A JP2006276882A JP 2006276882 A JP2006276882 A JP 2006276882A JP 2006157086 A JP2006157086 A JP 2006157086A JP 2006157086 A JP2006157086 A JP 2006157086A JP 2006276882 A JP2006276882 A JP 2006276882A
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optical fiber
hollow
hollow core
optical
sealing
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JP2006276882A5 (en
JP4063302B2 (en
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Hideyori Sasaoka
英資 笹岡
Takemi Hasegawa
健美 長谷川
Masashi Onishi
正志 大西
Shinji Ishikawa
真二 石川
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the end part structure of an optical fiber in which deterioration in optical characteristics is reduced, and to provide the optical fiber. <P>SOLUTION: An optical fiber 1 consists of a hollow core section 2 and a clad section 3 which surrounds the hollow core section 2 and the refractive index of the hollow core section 2 is made lower than the refractive index of the clad section 3. The hollow core section 2 is closed at the both end sections of the optical fiber and sealed sections 5 are formed there. The sealed sections 5 are formed by heating the optical fiber 1 so as to soften the clad section 3. Thus, intruding of foreign matter or the like into the hollow core section 2 is prevented. Ferrules 6 of an optical connector are mounted at the both end parts of the optical fiber 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、軸心方向に延びる中空部を有する光ファイバの端部構造および光ファイバに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an end structure of an optical fiber having a hollow portion extending in the axial direction and an optical fiber.

特許第３０７２８４２号公報（特許文献１）には、中空に形成されたコアと、このコアの周囲に設けられフォトニックバンドギャップ構造を有するクラッドとを備え、回折格子のブラッグ反射によって光を伝播させる単一モード光ファイバが記載されている。
特表２００２−５３７５７４号公報（特許文献２）には、フォトニック結晶ファイバの要所に光学的性質が変化する部分を作るために、ファイバの所要領域を熱処理し該熱処理済み領域の断面積を変化させることが記載されている。
***国特許出願公開第２５４２５８７号明細書（特許文献３）には、コア部と、このコア部を囲むスペースを備えた、光信号伝送媒体用の単一材料繊維において、該繊維の端部範囲に、ポリテトラフルオルエチレン、ポリメチルシロキサン、エポキシ樹脂、コロホニウム、封蝋などの固体材料を充填することが開示されている。
欧州特許出願公開第３４４４７８号明細書（特許文献４）には、内面にメッキを施したプラスチックチューブの端部に、薄い透明なプラスチックフィルムを溶着することが開示されている。 Japanese Patent No. 3072842 (Patent Document 1) includes a hollow core and a clad having a photonic band gap structure provided around the core, and propagates light by Bragg reflection of a diffraction grating. A single mode optical fiber is described.
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-537574 (Patent Document 2) discloses that in order to create a portion where the optical properties change at the main point of the photonic crystal fiber, the required region of the fiber is heat-treated and the cross-sectional area of the heat-treated region is calculated. It is described to change.
In German Patent Application Publication No. 2542587 (Patent Document 3), a single-material fiber for an optical signal transmission medium having a core part and a space surrounding the core part is described. In particular, it is disclosed to fill a solid material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethylsiloxane, epoxy resin, colophonium, or sealing wax.
European Patent Application Publication No. 344478 (Patent Document 4) discloses that a thin transparent plastic film is welded to the end of a plastic tube whose inner surface is plated.

特許第３０７２８４２号公報Japanese Patent No. 3072842 特表２００２-５３７５７４号公報（国際公開第００／４９４３５号パンフレット）Special Table 2002-537574 (International Publication No. 00/49435 Pamphlet) ***国特許出願公開第２５４２５８７号明細書West German Patent Application No. 2542587 欧州特許出願公開第３４４４７８号明細書European Patent Application No. 344478

しかしながら、上記従来技術においては、光ファイバの中空部分の保護について全く考慮されていないため、損失増加等といった光特性の劣化を招く可能性がある。また、光ファイバの中空部が開口した状態で、光ファイバの端面研磨等を行うと、中空部で光ファイバが破損する可能性がある。   However, in the above-described prior art, protection of the hollow portion of the optical fiber is not taken into consideration at all, and there is a possibility that optical characteristics such as increased loss may be deteriorated. Further, if the end face of the optical fiber is polished with the hollow portion of the optical fiber opened, the optical fiber may be damaged in the hollow portion.

本発明の目的は、光特性の劣化を低減することができる端部構造を備えた光ファイバの端部構造および光ファイバを提供することである。さらに本発明は、端面加工時における光ファイバの破損を防止することを目的とする。   The objective of this invention is providing the edge part structure and optical fiber of an optical fiber provided with the edge part structure which can reduce deterioration of an optical characteristic. A further object of the present invention is to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged during the end face processing.

本発明は、コア部と、このコア部を取り囲むクラッド部とを有し、コア部およびクラッド部の少なくとも一方に、軸心方向に延びる中空部を設けた光ファイバの端部構造であって、光ファイバの端部には、中空部を塞ぐ封止部が設けられていることを特徴とするものである。   The present invention is an end structure of an optical fiber having a core portion and a cladding portion surrounding the core portion, and having a hollow portion extending in the axial direction in at least one of the core portion and the cladding portion, The end portion of the optical fiber is provided with a sealing portion that closes the hollow portion.

本発明者らは、中空部を有する光ファイバにおいて、例えば異物や水蒸気が中空部に入ると、光ファイバの光損失が増大することを、実験等によって明らかにした。本発明は、そのような知見に基づいてなされたものである。即ち、上述のように光ファイバの端部に中空部を塞ぐ封止部を設けることにより、中空部に異物等が侵入することが低減される。このため、光損失の増大等といった光特性の劣化を低減することができる。また、光ファイバの中空部が開口した状態で、光ファイバの端面研磨等を行うと、中空部で光ファイバが破損する可能性があるが、光ファイバの端部において中空部を塞ぐことで、そのような端面加工時における光ファイバの破損を防止することができる。   The present inventors have clarified through experiments and the like that in an optical fiber having a hollow portion, for example, when foreign matter or water vapor enters the hollow portion, the optical loss of the optical fiber increases. The present invention has been made based on such knowledge. That is, by providing the sealing portion that closes the hollow portion at the end of the optical fiber as described above, the entry of foreign matter or the like into the hollow portion is reduced. For this reason, it is possible to reduce degradation of optical characteristics such as an increase in optical loss. Also, if the end face of the optical fiber is polished with the hollow portion of the optical fiber opened, the optical fiber may be damaged at the hollow portion, but by closing the hollow portion at the end of the optical fiber, It is possible to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged during such end face processing.

好ましくは、封止部は、光ファイバの端部を加熱してクラッド部を軟化させることで形成されている。また、このとき、光ファイバにおいて端部の外径が、光ファイバの端部以外の部分の外径と実質的に同一となるよう、中空部を減圧して前記加熱を行うことが好ましい。
これにより、封止部がクラッド部と同じ材質のガラスで形成されることになるため、封止部が強固なものとなる。また、光ファイバの端面部において材質が均一となるため、光ファイバの端面研磨等の加工が容易に行える。 Preferably, the sealing portion is formed by heating the end portion of the optical fiber to soften the clad portion. At this time, it is preferable that the heating is performed by reducing the pressure of the hollow portion so that the outer diameter of the end portion of the optical fiber is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the portion other than the end portion of the optical fiber.
Thereby, since the sealing part is formed of the same material as the cladding part, the sealing part becomes strong. Further, since the material is uniform at the end face of the optical fiber, processing such as polishing of the end face of the optical fiber can be easily performed.

また、封止部は、中空部内に硬化性物質を入れ、その後硬化性物質を硬化させることで、中空部内に形成されていてもよい。これにより、封止部の形成が比較的容易に行える。
中空部内に入れる硬化性物質として、好ましくは、液状の紫外線硬化性樹脂や熱硬化性樹脂等を用いる。この場合、中空部の封止を簡便に行うことができる。 Moreover, the sealing part may be formed in the hollow part by putting a curable substance in the hollow part and then curing the curable substance. Thereby, formation of a sealing part can be performed comparatively easily.
As the curable substance to be put in the hollow portion, a liquid ultraviolet curable resin, a thermosetting resin, or the like is preferably used. In this case, the hollow portion can be easily sealed.

さらに、光ファイバの端面には、中空部を覆う蓋部が取り付けられ、この蓋部で封止部を構成してもよい。これにより、例えばコア部が中空構造を有している場合には、コア部が蓋部で覆われることになるため、蓋部を機能性素子で構成すれば反射防止、波長選択、偏波選択などの機能を持たせることができる。   Furthermore, a lid that covers the hollow portion may be attached to the end face of the optical fiber, and the sealing portion may be configured by this lid. As a result, for example, when the core portion has a hollow structure, the core portion is covered with the lid portion. Therefore, if the lid portion is composed of a functional element, antireflection, wavelength selection, and polarization selection are performed. Etc. can be provided.

この場合、好ましくは、蓋部は、樹脂または金属膜で形成されている。これにより、蓋部の形成が比較的容易に行える。
樹脂製の蓋部として、好ましくは、光ファイバの端面に熱硬化性樹脂を塗布しこれを硬化させて形成された蓋部とする。
金属膜製の蓋部として、好ましくは、光ファイバの端面に接着した蒸着金属薄膜で形成された蓋部とする。 In this case, preferably, the lid portion is formed of a resin or a metal film. Thereby, formation of a cover part can be performed comparatively easily.
The resin lid is preferably a lid formed by applying a thermosetting resin to the end face of the optical fiber and curing it.
The lid made of a metal film is preferably a lid formed of a vapor-deposited metal thin film bonded to the end face of the optical fiber.

また、好ましくは、光ファイバの端部には、コネクタ加工が施されている。これにより、光ファイバ同士の接続が容易に行える。このとき、中空部を有していない通常の光ファイバとの接続も勿論可能である。コネクタ加工として、好ましくは、光ファイバの端部を研磨したコネクタ加工とする。   Preferably, the end of the optical fiber is subjected to connector processing. Thereby, connection between optical fibers can be performed easily. At this time, of course, connection with a normal optical fiber having no hollow portion is also possible. The connector processing is preferably connector processing in which the end of the optical fiber is polished.

さらに、好ましくは、封止部は、光ファイバの両端部に設けられている。これにより、中空部に異物等が侵入することがより低減されるため、光損失の増大等といった光特性の劣化を更に低減することができる。   Further preferably, the sealing portions are provided at both ends of the optical fiber. As a result, the entry of foreign matter or the like into the hollow portion is further reduced, so that it is possible to further reduce deterioration of optical characteristics such as an increase in optical loss.

また、本発明の光ファイバは、コア部と、このコア部を取り囲むクラッド部とを有し、コア部およびクラッド部の少なくとも一方には、軸心方向に延びる中空部が設けられ、端部には、中空部を塞ぐ封止部が設けられている。   The optical fiber of the present invention has a core portion and a clad portion surrounding the core portion, and at least one of the core portion and the clad portion is provided with a hollow portion extending in the axial direction, and at an end portion. Is provided with a sealing portion for closing the hollow portion.

このように光ファイバの端部に中空部を塞ぐ封止部を設けることにより、中空部に異物等が侵入することが低減されるため、光損失の増大等といった光特性の劣化を低減することができる。また、光ファイバの端面加工時に、中空部で光ファイバが破損することを防止できる。   By providing a sealing portion that closes the hollow portion at the end of the optical fiber in this way, foreign matter and the like are reduced from entering the hollow portion, so that deterioration of optical characteristics such as an increase in optical loss is reduced. Can do. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged in the hollow portion when the end face of the optical fiber is processed.

本発明によれば、光ファイバの端部に、中空部を塞ぐ封止部を設けたので、中空部への異物等の侵入が低減され、これにより光特性の劣化を低減することができる。また、光ファイバの端面研磨等の加工時における光ファイバの破損を防止することができる。   According to the present invention, since the sealing portion that closes the hollow portion is provided at the end portion of the optical fiber, entry of a foreign substance or the like into the hollow portion is reduced, and thereby deterioration of optical characteristics can be reduced. Further, it is possible to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged during processing such as polishing of the end face of the optical fiber.

以下、本発明に係わる光ファイバの端部構造および光ファイバの好適な実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of an optical fiber end structure and an optical fiber according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

まず、本発明の第１の実施形態を図１〜図３により説明する。図１は、本実施形態による光ファイバの端部構造を示す断面図である。   First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an end structure of an optical fiber according to the present embodiment.

同図において、本実施形態の光ファイバ１は、中空構造を有するコア部（以下、中空コア部）２と、石英ガラスで形成され中空コア部２を取り囲むクラッド部３とからなり、中空コア部２の屈折率がクラッド部３の屈折率よりも低くなっている。クラッド部３には、図２に示すように、光ファイバ１の軸心方向に延びる複数の屈折率変化部４が断面内で放射状に形成されている。この屈折率変化部４は、屈折率の周期的な変調をもたせるものである。なお、屈折率変化部４は、空孔としてもよいし、所定の屈折率を有するドーパントを添加したロッドをクラッド部３中に埋め込んで形成してもよい。   In the figure, an optical fiber 1 according to the present embodiment includes a core portion (hereinafter referred to as a hollow core portion) 2 having a hollow structure and a clad portion 3 formed of quartz glass and surrounding the hollow core portion 2. The refractive index of 2 is lower than the refractive index of the cladding part 3. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of refractive index changing portions 4 extending in the axial direction of the optical fiber 1 are radially formed in the cross section of the cladding portion 3. The refractive index changing section 4 has a periodic modulation of the refractive index. The refractive index changing portion 4 may be a hole, or may be formed by embedding a rod added with a dopant having a predetermined refractive index in the cladding portion 3.

このような光ファイバ１においては、光ファイバ１に入射した光が、屈折率の周期的な変調によって形成された屈折率変化部４のブラッグ反射によって、特定の波長の光が選択的に閉じ込められて中空コア部２中を伝播する。このような中空コア部２を有する光ファイバ１を用いることで、非線形光学効果の影響の軽減や、大きな構造分散の変化をもたらすことが可能となる。   In such an optical fiber 1, light having a specific wavelength is selectively confined by Bragg reflection of light incident on the optical fiber 1 by the refractive index changing section 4 formed by periodic modulation of the refractive index. And propagates through the hollow core portion 2. By using the optical fiber 1 having such a hollow core portion 2, it becomes possible to reduce the influence of the nonlinear optical effect and to bring about a great change in structural dispersion.

中空コア部２は、光ファイバ１の両端部において塞がれ、封止部５が形成された構成となっている。このとき、封止部５の寸法ｄは、封止部５によりブラッグ反射条件が満たされない状態となっても、光の広がりが少なく、光の導波に与える影響がほとんど無いような長さとする。また、光ファイバ１の両端部には、光コネクタのフェルール６が取り付けられている。このように光ファイバ１にコネクタ加工を施すことにより、光ファイバ１同士の接続や、光ファイバ１と通常の光ファイバ（コア部が中空構造でない光ファイバ）との接続が容易に行える。   The hollow core portion 2 is closed at both ends of the optical fiber 1 to form a sealing portion 5. At this time, the dimension d of the sealing portion 5 is set to such a length that the spread of light is small and there is almost no influence on the waveguide of light even when the Bragg reflection condition is not satisfied by the sealing portion 5. . Further, ferrules 6 of optical connectors are attached to both ends of the optical fiber 1. By performing connector processing on the optical fiber 1 in this manner, the connection between the optical fibers 1 and the connection between the optical fiber 1 and a normal optical fiber (an optical fiber whose core is not a hollow structure) can be easily performed.

このような光コネクタ付きの光ファイバ１を製造する工程を図３により説明する。まず、中空コア部２を有する光ファイバ１を準備し、光ファイバ１の一端側から真空ポンプ等により中空コア部２内の気体を吸い出す（図３（ａ）参照）。   The process of manufacturing such an optical fiber 1 with an optical connector will be described with reference to FIG. First, the optical fiber 1 having the hollow core portion 2 is prepared, and the gas in the hollow core portion 2 is sucked out from one end side of the optical fiber 1 by a vacuum pump or the like (see FIG. 3A).

このように中空コア部２内を減圧している状態で、光ファイバ１の他端部を加熱源７により加熱し、その部位のクラッド部３を軟化させることにより中空コア部２を外側から潰す。これにより、光ファイバ１の端部の一方に封止部５が形成される（図３（ｂ）参照）。このとき、クラッド部３の形状等を損なうことはほとんど無い。続いて、光ファイバ１における中空コア部２を潰した側の端面から所定のファイバ長分だけ離れた部分を加熱源７により加熱し、その部位における中空コア部２を潰す。これにより、光ファイバ１の他端側にも封止部５が形成される（図３（ｃ）参照）。このようにクラッド部３を軟化させて封止部５を形成するので、中空コア部２がクラッド部３と同じ材質のガラスにより強固に塞がれることになる。   In this manner, the other end of the optical fiber 1 is heated by the heating source 7 while the inside of the hollow core 2 is decompressed, and the hollow core 2 is crushed from the outside by softening the clad 3 at that portion. . Thereby, the sealing part 5 is formed in one of the edge parts of the optical fiber 1 (refer FIG.3 (b)). At this time, the shape or the like of the clad portion 3 is hardly impaired. Subsequently, a portion of the optical fiber 1 that is separated from the end face on the side where the hollow core portion 2 is crushed by a predetermined fiber length is heated by the heating source 7, and the hollow core portion 2 at that portion is crushed. Thereby, the sealing part 5 is formed also in the other end side of the optical fiber 1 (refer FIG.3 (c)). Thus, since the clad part 3 is softened and the sealing part 5 is formed, the hollow core part 2 is firmly closed with the same material glass as the clad part 3.

なお、ここでは、中空コア部２をスムーズに潰すために、中空コア部２内を減圧した状態でクラッド部３を加熱するようにしたが、特にこの方法に限定されず、例えば何らかの手段で光ファイバ１を外側から押し付けながらクラッド部３を加熱しても良いし、或いは光ファイバ１の加熱のみで中空コア部２を潰して良い。また、光ファイバ１の端部を融着器で加熱するか、或いは光ファイバ１を他の光ファイバと融着接続することにより中空コア部２を潰すこともできる。   Here, in order to smoothly crush the hollow core part 2, the cladding part 3 is heated in a state where the inside of the hollow core part 2 is decompressed. However, the present invention is not particularly limited to this method. The clad part 3 may be heated while pressing the fiber 1 from the outside, or the hollow core part 2 may be crushed only by heating the optical fiber 1. Moreover, the hollow core part 2 can also be crushed by heating the edge part of the optical fiber 1 with a fusion | fusion device, or melt-connecting the optical fiber 1 with another optical fiber.

次いで、中空コア部２内の減圧方向側に形成された封止部５をカットする。これにより、両端部において中空コア部２が塞がれた状態の光ファイバ１が得られる（図３（ｄ）参照）。   Subsequently, the sealing part 5 formed in the pressure reduction direction side in the hollow core part 2 is cut. Thereby, the optical fiber 1 in a state where the hollow core portion 2 is closed at both ends is obtained (see FIG. 3D).

次いで、その光ファイバ１の両端部をフェルール６の穴内に挿入し、接着剤でフェルール６に固定する。その後、フェルール６の端面から突き出た光ファイバ１の端部を研磨する（図３（ｅ）参照）。このとき、中空コア部２はクラッド部３と同じ材質で塞がれ、光ファイバ１の端部の材質は均一となっているので、光ファイバ１の端面研磨が容易に行える。なお、光ファイバ１端面の研磨量は、光ファイバ１の両端部における中空コア部２の封止が維持される範囲内とする。   Next, both ends of the optical fiber 1 are inserted into the holes of the ferrule 6 and fixed to the ferrule 6 with an adhesive. Then, the edge part of the optical fiber 1 which protruded from the end surface of the ferrule 6 is grind | polished (refer FIG.3 (e)). At this time, the hollow core portion 2 is closed with the same material as that of the cladding portion 3 and the end portion of the optical fiber 1 is uniform, so that the end face polishing of the optical fiber 1 can be easily performed. The polishing amount of the end face of the optical fiber 1 is set within a range in which the sealing of the hollow core portion 2 at both ends of the optical fiber 1 is maintained.

以上のように本実施形態にあっては、光ファイバ１の両端部において中空コア部２を塞ぐようにしたので、中空コア部２に異物や水蒸気（ＯＨ基）等が侵入することが防止される。これにより、光損失が抑えられ、光特性の劣化を低減することができる。また、光コネクタ加工時において光ファイバ１の端面研磨等を行うときに、中空コア部２で光ファイバ１が破損することを防止できる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, since the hollow core portion 2 is blocked at both ends of the optical fiber 1, foreign matter, water vapor (OH group) and the like are prevented from entering the hollow core portion 2. The Thereby, optical loss can be suppressed and degradation of optical characteristics can be reduced. In addition, the optical fiber 1 can be prevented from being damaged at the hollow core portion 2 when end face polishing or the like of the optical fiber 1 is performed during processing of the optical connector.

本発明の第２の実施形態を図４及び図５により説明する。図中、第１の実施形態と同一または同等の部材には同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。   A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, the same or equivalent members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

図４において、本実施形態の光ファイバ１０の両端部には、紫外線硬化性樹脂によって中空コア部２を塞いだ封止部１１が形成されている。この紫外線硬化性樹脂１１は、通常は液状であり、紫外線を照射すると硬化する樹脂である。紫外線硬化性樹脂１１の屈折率は、クラッド部３を形成する材質の屈折率よりも高くなっている。これにより、光のパワーの広がりが抑えられるため、封止部１１によりブラッグ反射条件が満たされない状態となっても、光の導波に影響を与えることはほとんど無い。   In FIG. 4, the sealing part 11 which closed the hollow core part 2 with the ultraviolet curable resin is formed in the both ends of the optical fiber 10 of this embodiment. The ultraviolet curable resin 11 is usually a liquid and is a resin that is cured when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The refractive index of the ultraviolet curable resin 11 is higher than the refractive index of the material forming the cladding part 3. Thereby, since the spread of light power is suppressed, even if the Bragg reflection condition is not satisfied by the sealing portion 11, there is almost no influence on the light waveguide.

このような光ファイバ１０を製造する工程を図５により説明する。まず、中空コア部２を有する光ファイバ１を準備し、光ファイバ１０の両端部における中空コア部２内に液状の紫外線硬化性樹脂を注入する（図５（ａ）参照）。このとき、紫外線硬化性樹脂の表面張力によって、紫外線硬化性樹脂の中空コア部２に占める断面積は、光ファイバ１０端面の反対側に向けて連続的に小さくなる。   A process of manufacturing such an optical fiber 10 will be described with reference to FIG. First, an optical fiber 1 having a hollow core portion 2 is prepared, and a liquid ultraviolet curable resin is injected into the hollow core portion 2 at both ends of the optical fiber 10 (see FIG. 5A). At this time, due to the surface tension of the ultraviolet curable resin, the cross-sectional area of the ultraviolet curable resin in the hollow core portion 2 continuously decreases toward the opposite side of the end face of the optical fiber 10.

次いで、光ファイバ１０の両端部に紫外線を照射し、中空コア部２内に注入された液状の紫外線硬化性樹脂を硬化させる。これにより、光ファイバ１０の両端部に封止部１１が形成される（図５（ｂ）参照）。このように紫外線硬化性樹脂を用いて中空コア部２を塞ぐので、中空コア部２の封止を簡便に行うことができる。   Next, both ends of the optical fiber 10 are irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the liquid ultraviolet curable resin injected into the hollow core portion 2. Thereby, the sealing part 11 is formed in the both ends of the optical fiber 10 (refer FIG.5 (b)). As described above, since the hollow core portion 2 is closed using the ultraviolet curable resin, the hollow core portion 2 can be easily sealed.

次いで、光ファイバ１０の両端部をフェルール６の穴内に挿入し、接着剤でフェルール６に固定する。その後、フェルール６の端面から突き出た光ファイバ１の端部を研磨し、光コネクタ加工を施す（図５（ｃ）参照）。   Next, both ends of the optical fiber 10 are inserted into the holes of the ferrule 6 and fixed to the ferrule 6 with an adhesive. Thereafter, the end portion of the optical fiber 1 protruding from the end face of the ferrule 6 is polished, and optical connector processing is performed (see FIG. 5C).

以上により本実施形態においても、中空コア部２に異物等が入ることが防止されるため、光損失の増大を抑えることができると共に、光ファイバ１の端面研磨時に、中空コア部２で光ファイバ１が破損することを防止できる。   As described above, in the present embodiment as well, foreign matters and the like are prevented from entering the hollow core portion 2, so that an increase in optical loss can be suppressed, and the optical fiber 1 is polished by the hollow core portion 2 when the end face of the optical fiber 1 is polished. 1 can be prevented from being damaged.

なお、本実施形態では、光ファイバ１０の中空コア部２内に紫外線硬化性樹脂を注入して中空コア部２を塞ぐようにしたが、中空コア部２内に入れる物質は、特に紫外線硬化性樹脂には限定されず、例えば熱硬化性樹脂等であってもよい。   In the present embodiment, an ultraviolet curable resin is injected into the hollow core portion 2 of the optical fiber 10 so as to close the hollow core portion 2. However, the substance put into the hollow core portion 2 is particularly ultraviolet curable. It is not limited to resin, For example, thermosetting resin etc. may be sufficient.

本発明の第３の実施形態を図６及び図７により説明する。図中、第１の実施形態と同一または同等の部材には同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。   A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, the same or equivalent members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

図６において、本実施形態の光ファイバ２０の両端面には、熱硬化性樹脂からなる蓋部２１が取り付けられ、この蓋部２１で、中空コア部２を塞ぐ封止部を構成している。熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えばエポキシ系樹脂、メラミン系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂等が用いられる。   In FIG. 6, a lid portion 21 made of a thermosetting resin is attached to both end faces of the optical fiber 20 of the present embodiment, and the lid portion 21 constitutes a sealing portion that closes the hollow core portion 2. . As the thermosetting resin, for example, an epoxy resin, a melamine resin, a phenol resin, or the like is used.

このような光ファイバを製造する工程を図７により説明する。まず、中空コア部２を有する光ファイバ２０を準備し、この光ファイバ２０の両端面に熱硬化性樹脂を塗布する（図７（ａ）参照）。   A process for manufacturing such an optical fiber will be described with reference to FIG. First, an optical fiber 20 having a hollow core portion 2 is prepared, and a thermosetting resin is applied to both end faces of the optical fiber 20 (see FIG. 7A).

次いで、光ファイバ２０の両端面を加熱し、樹脂を硬化させる。これにより、両端面で中空コア部２が塞がれた光ファイバ２０が得られる（図７（ｂ）参照）。このように熱硬化性樹脂の塗布、硬化により中空コア部２を塞ぐので、光ファイバ２０の端面における中空コア部２の封止が簡便に行える。また、この場合は、中空コア部２も熱硬化性樹脂で覆われるため、機能性樹脂を使用すれば反射防止、波長選択、偏波選択などの機能を持たせることができる。   Next, both end surfaces of the optical fiber 20 are heated to cure the resin. Thereby, the optical fiber 20 in which the hollow core portion 2 is closed at both end faces is obtained (see FIG. 7B). Thus, since the hollow core part 2 is plugged by applying and curing the thermosetting resin, the hollow core part 2 can be easily sealed at the end face of the optical fiber 20. In this case, since the hollow core portion 2 is also covered with the thermosetting resin, functions such as antireflection, wavelength selection, and polarization selection can be provided by using a functional resin.

次いで、光ファイバ２０の両端部をフェルール６の穴内に挿入し、接着剤でフェルール６に固定する。その後、フェルール６の端面から突き出た光ファイバ２０の端面部を研磨し、光コネクタ加工を施す。なお、光ファイバ２０の端面の研磨量は、光ファイバ２０の両端面に熱硬化性樹脂が残存し、中空コア部２の封止が維持される範囲内とする。（図７（ｃ）参照）。   Next, both ends of the optical fiber 20 are inserted into the holes of the ferrule 6 and fixed to the ferrule 6 with an adhesive. Thereafter, the end surface portion of the optical fiber 20 protruding from the end surface of the ferrule 6 is polished and subjected to optical connector processing. The polishing amount of the end face of the optical fiber 20 is set within a range where the thermosetting resin remains on both end faces of the optical fiber 20 and the sealing of the hollow core portion 2 is maintained. (See FIG. 7 (c)).

以上により本実施形態においても、中空コア部２に異物等が入ることが防止されるため、光損失の増大を抑えることができると共に、光ファイバ２０の端面研磨時に、中空コア部２で光ファイバ２０が破損することを防止できる。   As described above, in the present embodiment as well, foreign matters and the like are prevented from entering the hollow core portion 2, so that an increase in optical loss can be suppressed, and the optical fiber 20 is polished by the hollow core portion 2 when polishing the end face of the optical fiber 20. 20 can be prevented from being damaged.

本発明の第４の実施形態を図８により説明する。本実施形態では、蓋部の構成が第３の実施形態と異なっている。図中、第３の実施形態と同一または同等の部材には同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。   A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the lid is different from that of the third embodiment. In the figure, the same or equivalent members as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

図８において、本実施形態の光ファイバ３０の両端面には、金属薄膜からなる蓋部３１が取り付けられ、この蓋部３１で、中空コア部２を塞ぐ封止部を構成している。蓋部３１は、例えば蒸着により形成した金属薄膜を光ファイバ３０の両端面に接着したものである。この時の蒸着条件としては、蒸着した薄膜によって中空コア部２の封止が確実に行われるように設定する。   In FIG. 8, lid portions 31 made of a metal thin film are attached to both end faces of the optical fiber 30 of the present embodiment, and the lid portions 31 constitute sealing portions that block the hollow core portion 2. The lid portion 31 is formed by bonding a metal thin film formed by vapor deposition, for example, to both end faces of the optical fiber 30. The vapor deposition conditions at this time are set so that the hollow core portion 2 is reliably sealed by the vapor deposited thin film.

なお、蓋部３１としては、金属薄膜のみならず、光部品を光ファイバ３０の端面に接着することも可能である。このとき、薄膜や光部品が機能性を有するものであれば、反射防止、波長選択、偏波選択などの機能を持たせることができる。   In addition, as the cover part 31, not only a metal thin film but also an optical component can be bonded to the end face of the optical fiber 30. At this time, if the thin film or the optical component has functionality, functions such as antireflection, wavelength selection, and polarization selection can be provided.

本発明の第５の実施形態を図９及び図１０により説明する。図中、第１の実施形態と同一または同等の部材には同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。   A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, the same or equivalent members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

図９において、本実施形態の光ファイバ４０は、石英ガラスで形成されたコア部４１と、石英ガラスで形成されコア部４１を取り囲むクラッド部４２とからなっている。コア部４１にはＧｅＯ2等のドーパントが添加されており、これによりコア部４１の屈折率がクラッド部４２の屈折率よりも高くなっている。 In FIG. 9, the optical fiber 40 according to the present embodiment includes a core portion 41 formed of quartz glass and a clad portion 42 formed of quartz glass and surrounding the core portion 41. A dopant such as GeO 2 is added to the core portion 41, so that the refractive index of the core portion 41 is higher than the refractive index of the cladding portion 42.

クラッド部４２におけるコア部４１の周囲には、図１０に示すように、光ファイバ４０の軸心方向に延びる複数の中空部４３が形成されている。各中空部４３は、光ファイバ４０の両端部において塞がれ、封止部４４が形成された構成となっている。この封止部４４は、第１の実施形態のように、クラッド部４２を加熱して軟化させることによって形成されている。   A plurality of hollow portions 43 extending in the axial direction of the optical fiber 40 are formed around the core portion 41 in the clad portion 42 as shown in FIG. Each hollow portion 43 is closed at both ends of the optical fiber 40 and has a configuration in which a sealing portion 44 is formed. The sealing portion 44 is formed by heating and softening the cladding portion 42 as in the first embodiment.

このようなクラッド部４２に中空部４３が形成された光ファイバ４０であっても、中空部４３に異物等が侵入することが防止されるため、光損失の増大等といった光特性の劣化を低減することができる。また、光コネクタ加工時に光ファイバ４０の端面研磨等を行う際に、中空部４３で光ファイバ４０が破損することを防止できる。   Even in the optical fiber 40 in which the hollow portion 43 is formed in such a clad portion 42, foreign matter and the like are prevented from entering the hollow portion 43, so that deterioration of optical characteristics such as an increase in optical loss is reduced. can do. Further, the optical fiber 40 can be prevented from being damaged at the hollow portion 43 when the end face of the optical fiber 40 is polished at the time of processing the optical connector.

なお、本実施形態では、光ファイバ４０の端部においてクラッド部４２を軟化させて封止部４４を形成するようにしたが、封止部を形成する手段は、特にこれには限定されず、第２の実施形態のように中空部４３内に硬化性物質を入れても良いし、第３の実施形態のように樹脂からなる蓋部を光ファイバ４０の端面に設けても良いし、第４の実施形態のように金属膜からなる蓋部を光ファイバ４０の端面に設けても良い。   In the present embodiment, the clad part 42 is softened at the end of the optical fiber 40 to form the sealing part 44. However, the means for forming the sealing part is not particularly limited to this, A curable substance may be put in the hollow portion 43 as in the second embodiment, or a lid portion made of resin may be provided on the end face of the optical fiber 40 as in the third embodiment. A lid made of a metal film may be provided on the end face of the optical fiber 40 as in the fourth embodiment.

このとき、中空部４３に硬化性物質を入れて封止部を形成する場合には、硬化性物質の屈折率を、クラッド部４２を形成する材質の屈折率と同等にするか、クラッド部４２を形成する材質の屈折率よりも低くすることが好ましい。これにより、中空部４３の封止に伴う光伝送特性への影響を軽減することができる。   At this time, when the sealing portion is formed by putting a curable substance into the hollow portion 43, the refractive index of the curable substance is made equal to the refractive index of the material forming the cladding portion 42, or the cladding portion 42. It is preferable that the refractive index is lower than the refractive index of the material forming the. Thereby, the influence on the optical transmission characteristic accompanying sealing of the hollow part 43 can be reduced.

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、上記実施形態では、光ファイバの両端部において中空部（中空コア部を含む）を塞ぐようにしたが、必要に応じて、光ファイバの一端部のみにおいて中空部を塞ぐようにしてもよい。また、光ファイバの端部を光コネクタ加工する場合には、１個の光コネクタに複数本の光ファイバを取り付けてもよい。   The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the hollow portion (including the hollow core portion) is blocked at both ends of the optical fiber. However, the hollow portion may be blocked only at one end portion of the optical fiber as necessary. . Moreover, when processing the optical fiber end portion of the optical fiber, a plurality of optical fibers may be attached to one optical connector.

本発明に係る光ファイバの端部構造の第１の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the edge part structure of the optical fiber which concerns on this invention. 図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面図である。It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図１に示す光ファイバを製造するための工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process for manufacturing the optical fiber shown in FIG. 本発明に係る光ファイバの端部構造の第２の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the edge part structure of the optical fiber which concerns on this invention. 図４に示す光ファイバを製造するための工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process for manufacturing the optical fiber shown in FIG. 本発明に係る光ファイバの端部構造の第３の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the edge part structure of the optical fiber which concerns on this invention. 図６に示す光ファイバを製造するための工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process for manufacturing the optical fiber shown in FIG. 本発明に係る光ファイバの端部構造の第４の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 4th Embodiment of the edge part structure of the optical fiber which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る光ファイバの端部構造の第５の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 5th Embodiment of the edge part structure of the optical fiber which concerns on this invention. 図１のＸ−Ｘ線断面図である。It is the XX sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…光ファイバ
２…中空コア部（中空部）
３…クラッド部
５…封止部
６…フェルール
１０…光ファイバ
１１…封止部
２０…光ファイバ
２１…蓋部
３０…光ファイバ
３１…蓋部
４０…光ファイバ
４１…コア部
４２…クラッド部
４３…中空部
４４…封止部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Optical fiber 2 ... Hollow core part (hollow part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Cladding part 5 ... Sealing part 6 ... Ferrule 10 ... Optical fiber 11 ... Sealing part 20 ... Optical fiber 21 ... Cover part 30 ... Optical fiber 31 ... Cover part 40 ... Optical fiber 41 ... Core part 42 ... Cladding part 43 ... hollow part 44 ... sealed part

Claims (8)

コア部と、このコア部を取り囲むクラッド部とを有し、前記コア部および前記クラッド部の少なくとも一方に、軸心方向に延びる中空部を設けた光ファイバであって、
前記光ファイバの端部には、前記中空部を塞ぐ封止部が設けられていることを特徴とする光ファイバの端部構造。 An optical fiber having a core part and a clad part surrounding the core part, and provided with a hollow part extending in the axial direction in at least one of the core part and the clad part,
An end portion structure of an optical fiber, wherein a sealing portion for closing the hollow portion is provided at an end portion of the optical fiber. 前記封止部は、前記光ファイバの端部を加熱して前記クラッド部を軟化させることで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   The end structure of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the sealing portion is formed by heating an end portion of the optical fiber to soften the clad portion. 前記封止部は、前記中空部内に硬化性物質を入れ、その後前記硬化性物質を硬化させることで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   2. The optical fiber end structure according to claim 1, wherein the sealing portion is formed by putting a curable material in the hollow portion and then curing the curable material. 3. 前記光ファイバの端面には、前記中空部を覆う蓋部が取り付けられ、この蓋部で前記封止部を構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   2. The end structure of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein a lid portion that covers the hollow portion is attached to an end surface of the optical fiber, and the sealing portion is constituted by the lid portion. 前記蓋部は、樹脂または金属膜で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項４記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   5. The end structure of an optical fiber according to claim 4, wherein the lid is made of a resin or a metal film. 前記光ファイバの端部には、コネクタ加工が施されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   2. The optical fiber end structure according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the optical fiber is subjected to connector processing. 前記封止部は、前記光ファイバの両端部に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光ファイバの端部構造。   2. The optical fiber end structure according to claim 1, wherein the sealing portion is provided at both ends of the optical fiber. コア部と、このコア部を取り囲むクラッド部とを有し、前記コア部および前記クラッド部の少なくとも一方には、軸心方向に延びる中空部が設けられ、端部には、前記中空部を塞ぐ封止部が設けられていることを特徴とする光ファイバ。   A core portion and a clad portion surrounding the core portion are provided, and at least one of the core portion and the clad portion is provided with a hollow portion extending in the axial direction, and the end portion closes the hollow portion. An optical fiber provided with a sealing portion.
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JP2008287191A (en) * 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd Optical fiber, end face sealing method of optical fiber, connecting structure of optical fiber, and optical connector
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US11072554B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2021-07-27 Nkt Photonics A/S Element for a preform, a fiber production method and an optical fiber drawn from the preform
JP2019504352A (en) * 2015-12-23 2019-02-14 エヌケイティー フォトニクス アクティーゼルスカブＮｋｔ Ｐｈｏｔｏｎｉｃｓ Ａ／Ｓ Photonic crystal fiber assembly
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US11474293B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2022-10-18 Nkt Photonics A/S Hollow core optical fiber and a laser system
US11662518B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2023-05-30 Nkt Photonics A/S Hollow core optical fiber and a laser system
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