JP2006275378A - 空気液化分離方法及び装置 - Google Patents
空気液化分離方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006275378A JP2006275378A JP2005094016A JP2005094016A JP2006275378A JP 2006275378 A JP2006275378 A JP 2006275378A JP 2005094016 A JP2005094016 A JP 2005094016A JP 2005094016 A JP2005094016 A JP 2005094016A JP 2006275378 A JP2006275378 A JP 2006275378A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 453
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04624—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using integrated mass and heat exchange, so-called non-adiabatic rectification, e.g. dephlegmator, reflux exchanger
- F25J3/0463—Simultaneously between rectifying and stripping sections, i.e. double dephlegmator
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/0446—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases
- F25J3/04466—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases for producing oxygen as a mixing column overhead gas by mixing gaseous air feed and liquid oxygen
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
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- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
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- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
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Abstract
【解決手段】 圧縮、精製、冷却した原料空気を高圧塔で蒸留して窒素富化空気と酸素富化空気とを得る工程と、窒素富化空気を熱交換型蒸留器に導入して窒素濃縮物を得る工程と、酸素富化空気を低圧塔で蒸留して低圧窒素と粗酸素とを得る工程と、低圧窒素を製品低圧窒素として採取する工程と、粗酸素を熱交換型蒸留器に導入して液化酸素を得る工程と、液化酸素を加圧後に混合塔に導入して原料空気の一部と気液接触させる工程と、混合塔から酸素ガスを製品として抜き出して採取する工程とを含む方法である。
【選択図】 図1
Description
Claims (11)
- 圧縮、精製、冷却した原料空気を低温蒸留することにより酸素と窒素とを製品として採取する空気液化分離方法において、前記原料空気を高圧塔に導入して蒸留することにより窒素を濃縮した窒素富化空気と酸素を濃縮した酸素富化空気とを得る工程と、前記窒素富化空気を、互いに熱交換可能に形成された窒素蒸留通路と酸素蒸留通路とを備えた熱交換型蒸留器の前記窒素蒸留通路に導入して冷却しつつ蒸留し、窒素を更に濃縮した窒素濃縮物を得る工程と、前記酸素富化空気を低圧塔に導入して蒸留することにより窒素を濃縮した低圧窒素と酸素が更に濃縮された粗酸素とを得る工程と、前記低圧窒素を製品低圧窒素として採取する工程と、前記粗酸素を前記熱交換型蒸留器の前記酸素蒸留通路に導入し、前記窒素蒸留通路の窒素富化空気と熱交換させて窒素富化空気を冷却するとともに粗酸素を加熱しつつ蒸留して酸素が濃縮された液化酸素を得る工程と、前記液化酸素を加圧後に混合塔に導入して前記原料空気の一部と気液接触させ、気化させて酸素ガスを得る工程と、前記酸素ガスを製品酸素ガスとして採取する工程とを含むことを特徴とする空気液化分離方法。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた前記窒素濃縮物を気液分離して窒素ガスと液化窒素とを得る工程と、得られた前記窒素ガスの一部を製品中圧窒素として採取する工程と、得られた前記液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する工程とを有していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気分離方法。
- 得られた前記窒素ガスの一部を圧縮する工程と、該圧縮後の窒素ガスを断熱膨張させる工程とを有し、断熱膨張時に発生する動力を、前記窒素ガスの一部を圧縮するための動力として使用することを特徴とする請求項2記載の空気分離方法。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた前記窒素濃縮物の一部を前記低圧塔で得られた前記粗酸素と熱交換させ、液化させて液化窒素を得る工程と、得られた前記液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する工程とを有していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気分離方法。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた前記窒素濃縮物の一部を前記高圧塔で得られた前記酸素富化空気の一部と熱交換させ、液化させて液化窒素を得る工程と、得られた前記液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する工程とを有していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気分離方法。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた窒素濃縮物の一部を圧縮する工程と、該圧縮後の窒素濃縮物を断熱膨張させる工程とを有し、断熱膨張時に発生する動力を、前記窒素濃縮物の一部を圧縮するための動力として使用することを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気分離方法。
- 圧縮した前記原料空気の一部を更に圧縮する工程と、該圧縮後の原料空気を断熱膨張させる工程とを有し、断熱膨張時に発生する動力を、前記原料空気の一部を更に圧縮するための動力として使用することを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気分離方法。
- 圧縮、精製、冷却した原料空気を低温蒸留することにより酸素と窒素とを製品として採取する空気液化分離装置において、高圧塔、熱交換型蒸留器、低圧塔及び混合塔を備え、前記高圧塔は、前記原料空気を蒸留して窒素を濃縮した窒素富化空気と酸素を濃縮した酸素富化空気とを得るものであり、前記熱交換型蒸留器は、窒素蒸留通路の流体と酸素蒸留通路の流体とが熱交換可能に形成され、前記窒素蒸留通路において前記高圧塔で得られた前記窒素富化空気を冷却しつつ蒸留して窒素を更に濃縮した窒素濃縮物を得るとともに、前記酸素蒸留通路において前記低圧塔で得られた粗酸素を加熱しつつ蒸留して酸素が濃縮された液化酸素を得るものであり、前記低圧塔は、前記高圧塔で得られた前記酸素富化空気を蒸留して窒素を濃縮した低圧窒素と酸素が更に濃縮された前記粗酸素とを得るものであり、前記混合塔は、前記熱交換型蒸留器で生成した前記液化酸素と前記原料空気の一部とを気液接触させることにより気化して酸素ガスを得るものであり、さらに、前記熱交換型蒸留器で生成した前記液化酸素を加圧するポンプを備えるとともに、前記低圧塔で得られた前記低圧窒素を製品低圧窒素として、前記混合塔で得られた酸素ガスを製品酸素ガスとして、それぞれ採取する製品採取経路を備えていることを特徴とする空気液化分離装置。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた窒素濃縮物を気液分離して窒素ガスと液化窒素とを得る気液分離器と、得られた前記液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する経路と、得られた前記窒素ガスの一部を製品中圧窒素として採取する製品採取経路とを備えていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の空気分離装置。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた窒素濃縮物の一部を前記低圧塔で得られた前記粗酸素と熱交換させ、液化させて液化窒素を得る凝縮器と、得られた液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する経路とを備えていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の空気分離装置。
- 前記窒素蒸留通路で得られた窒素濃縮物の一部と前記高圧塔で得られた前記酸素富化空気の一部とを熱交換させ、窒素濃縮物を液化させて液化窒素を得るとともに酸素富化空気を気化させる凝縮器と、得られた液化窒素を前記低圧塔に導入する経路と、気化した酸素富化空気を前記低圧塔に導入する経路とを備えていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の空気分離装置。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010159890A (ja) * | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-22 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp | 空気分離方法及び装置 |
CN103743195A (zh) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-23 | 俄罗斯深冷机械制造股份公司 | 一种从液氧中提取粗氪氙的设备及方法 |
CN104697290A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-10 | 中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司 | 制氧设备中分馏塔多余氮气的回收***及使用方法 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010159890A (ja) * | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-22 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp | 空気分離方法及び装置 |
CN103743195A (zh) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-23 | 俄罗斯深冷机械制造股份公司 | 一种从液氧中提取粗氪氙的设备及方法 |
CN104697290A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-10 | 中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司 | 制氧设备中分馏塔多余氮气的回收***及使用方法 |
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