JP2006272708A - Image drawing method - Google Patents

Image drawing method Download PDF

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JP2006272708A
JP2006272708A JP2005094111A JP2005094111A JP2006272708A JP 2006272708 A JP2006272708 A JP 2006272708A JP 2005094111 A JP2005094111 A JP 2005094111A JP 2005094111 A JP2005094111 A JP 2005094111A JP 2006272708 A JP2006272708 A JP 2006272708A
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image
halftone dot
drawing method
axis slider
data
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Matsuo Ikeuchi
松夫 池内
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NOBORU SANGYO KK
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NOBORU SANGYO KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image drawing method which enables a continuous-tone image to be drawn on the surface of a workpiece material such as stone and a glass material by using a small number of operating man-hours. <P>SOLUTION: A working machine makes an impact tool (27) moved to an arbitrary position on a plane by using an X-axis slider (26) and a Y-axis slider (25), and applies a micro impact force to the impact tool. Data on the image to be drawn are converted to halftone-dot data by using the working machine; the impact tool of the working machine is moved to a position of each of a plurality of halftone dots of the halftone-dot data; the micro impact force is applied to the impact tool in the position of each of the plurality of halftone dots, so that a microdot (50) can be worked on the surface of the workpiece material; and the image is reproduced by using a group of the plurality of microdots. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は石材やガラス材等の被加工材の表面に画像を描画する描画方法に関し、特に少ない作業工数で連続階調の画像を描画できるようにした方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a drawing method for drawing an image on the surface of a workpiece such as a stone or glass material, and particularly to a method capable of drawing a continuous tone image with a small number of work steps.

例えば、墓石や建造物の壁面では石材の表面に人物や風景その他のデザインを描画することが行われている。通常このデザインの描画方法には石材表面に砂を吹き付けて凹凸を形成するようにしたサンドブラスト法、あるいは薬剤によって石材表面に凹凸を加工するようにしたエッチング法、等が知られているが、これらの描画方法は細かなデザインには不向きである。   For example, on a wall of a tombstone or a building, a person, a landscape, or other design is drawn on the surface of the stone. The drawing method of this design is usually known as a sand blasting method in which sand is blown on the stone surface to form irregularities, or an etching method in which irregularities are processed on the stone surface with chemicals. The drawing method is not suitable for detailed design.

これに対し、描画すべき画像からXYデータを作成し、XYデータに応じて噴射ノズルを移動させ、噴射ノズルから石材表面にウォータジェットを吹き付け、凹凸を形成するようにしたウォータジェット法(特許文献1)、描画すべき画像から網点データを作成し、網点データを用いて被加工材表面に保護皮膜を作成し、保護皮膜が形成されていない表面を薬剤やサンドブラス等によって選択的に加工することにより、石材表面に連続階調の画像を再現するようにした連続階調描画法(特許文献2)、が提案されている。   In contrast, a water jet method in which XY data is created from an image to be drawn, an injection nozzle is moved in accordance with the XY data, a water jet is blown from the injection nozzle to the surface of the stone, and irregularities are formed (Patent Document) 1) Create halftone dot data from the image to be drawn, use the halftone dot data to create a protective coating on the surface of the workpiece, and select the surface on which the protective coating is not formed with chemicals, sandblasting, etc. There has been proposed a continuous tone drawing method (Patent Document 2) in which a continuous tone image is reproduced on a stone surface by processing.

特開平11−78385号公報JP-A-11-78385 特開平11−277987号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-277987

しかし、ウォータジェット法ではウォータジェットを吹き付ける時間を長くしても凹部の深さが変化するだけであるので、連続階調を再現することは難しく、平面的な画像になってしまう。   However, in the water jet method, even if the time for spraying the water jet is lengthened, only the depth of the concave portion is changed. Therefore, it is difficult to reproduce the continuous gradation, and a flat image is obtained.

他方、連続階調描画法では被加工材の表面に保護皮膜を作成した後、薬剤やサンドブラスト等によって加工しているので、作業工数が多く、作業が煩わしい。   On the other hand, in the continuous tone drawing method, after a protective film is formed on the surface of the workpiece, it is processed by chemicals, sandblasting, etc., so that the number of work steps is large and the work is troublesome.

本発明はかかる問題点に鑑み、少ない作業工数で連続階調の画像を描画できるようにした描画方法を提供することを課題とする。   In view of such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a drawing method capable of drawing a continuous tone image with a small number of work steps.

そこで、本発明に係る描画方法は、被加工材の表面に画像を描画するようにした描画方法であって、X軸スライダーとY軸スライダーとによって打撃工具を平面における任意の位置に移動させこの打撃工具に微小な打撃力を加えるようにした加工機械を用い、描画すべき画像のデータを網点データに変換し、加工機械の打撃工具を網点データの複数の各網点の位置に移動させ、複数の各網点の位置において打撃工具に微小な打撃力を加えて被加工材の表面に微小点を加工し、複数の微小点の集合によって画像を再現するようにしたことを特徴とする。   Therefore, the drawing method according to the present invention is a drawing method in which an image is drawn on the surface of a workpiece, and the impact tool is moved to an arbitrary position on a plane by the X-axis slider and the Y-axis slider. Using a processing machine that applies a small striking force to the impact tool, convert the image data to be drawn into halftone dot data, and move the impact tool of the processing machine to the position of each halftone dot in the halftone dot data. It is characterized in that a minute striking force is applied to the striking tool at the position of each halftone dot to process a minute point on the surface of the workpiece, and an image is reproduced by a set of a plurality of minute points. To do.

本発明の特徴の1つは画像データを網点データに変換し、XYスライダーによって打撃工具を網点データの複数の各網点の位置に移動させ、複数の各網点において打撃工具に微小な打撃力を加えて被加工材の表面に微小点を加工するようにした点にある。   One of the features of the present invention is that image data is converted into halftone dot data, and the impact tool is moved to the position of each halftone dot of the halftone dot data by the XY slider, and the impact tool is minutely moved at each halftone dot. This is in that minute points are processed on the surface of the workpiece by applying a striking force.

これにより、被加工材の表面の色彩によって異なるが、被加工材の表面に微小点を密に加工することによって画像の黒い色彩又は白い色彩が再現され、微小点を疎に加工することによって逆に画像の白い色彩又は黒い色彩が再現され、微小点の疎密によって連続階調の画像を描画することができる。   Depending on the color of the surface of the workpiece, the black or white color of the image is reproduced by processing minute dots densely on the surface of the workpiece, and reversed by processing the minute dots sparsely. The white color or black color of the image is reproduced, and a continuous tone image can be drawn by the density of minute points.

しかも、網点データによって打撃工具を移動させ、これに微小な打撃力を加えるだけであるので、保護皮膜を形成してから選択的な加工を行う場合に比して作業工数が少なく、煩わしさがない。   Moreover, since the impact tool is moved by the halftone dot data and only a small impact force is applied to the impact tool, the number of work steps is less than that in the case of performing selective processing after forming the protective film, which is bothersome. There is no.

画像の精緻さは微小点の大きさ及びその疎密に密接に関係し、微小点の大きさが小さい方が精緻に描画できる。しかし、微小点の大きさをあまり小さくし過ぎると、網点の密度を大きくする必要が生じ、画像の描画が完成するまでに時間がかかる。そこで、微小点を適切な大きさ、例えば0.5mm〜2.5mm程度の直径に設定するのがよい。但し、描画の時間がかかっても精緻な描画を必要とするときには0.5mm以下のもっと小さな微小点を採用するようにしてもよい。   The fineness of the image is closely related to the size of the minute points and their density, and the smaller the size of the minute points, the more accurately the image can be drawn. However, if the size of the minute dots is too small, it is necessary to increase the density of the halftone dots, and it takes time until image drawing is completed. Therefore, it is preferable to set the minute point to an appropriate size, for example, a diameter of about 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm. However, even if it takes a long time for drawing, smaller fine dots of 0.5 mm or less may be employed when precise drawing is required.

網点データは描画すべき画像データから変換する。この画像データは描画すべき画像をスキャニングして得るようにしてもよく、当初からコンピュータ内で画像データの形式で作製してもよい。網点データへの変換は網点スクリーン法によって変換してもよく、又周波数変調スクリーン法によって変換してもよい。さらに、網点データに補正、例えばレタッチ修正を行うようにしてもよい。   Halftone dot data is converted from image data to be drawn. This image data may be obtained by scanning an image to be drawn, or may be created in the form of image data in a computer from the beginning. Conversion to halftone data may be performed by the halftone screen method or by the frequency modulation screen method. Furthermore, correction, for example, retouch correction may be performed on the halftone data.

また、加工機械のX軸スライダー及びY軸スライダーの制御は網点データの変換に用いたコンピュータで行うのがよい。   Further, the X-axis slider and Y-axis slider of the processing machine are preferably controlled by a computer used for conversion of halftone data.

即ち、描画すべき画像をスキャニングしてコンピュータに取り込み、コンピュータによってスキャニングデータを網点データに変換し、網点データに基づいて加工機械のX軸スライダー及びY軸スライダーの移動を制御するのが好ましい。   That is, it is preferable that an image to be drawn is scanned and taken into a computer, the scanning data is converted into halftone dot data by the computer, and the movement of the X axis slider and the Y axis slider of the processing machine is controlled based on the halftone dot data. .

打撃工具は微小な打撃力を与えられて微小点を加工できるものであればよく、例えば先端に超硬チップを有する工具でもよいが、耐久性を考慮すると、先端にダイヤモンドチップを有するダイヤモンド工具を用いるのがよい。   The impact tool may be any tool as long as it can process minute points with a minute impact force. For example, a tool having a carbide tip at the tip may be used. However, in consideration of durability, a diamond tool having a diamond tip at the tip is used. It is good to use.

被加工材、即ち加工対象は石材やガラス材等とすることができるが、上述のように被加工材の表面の色彩によって画像の描画性や再現性が影響される。そこで、被加工材の表面を平滑でかつ光沢のある面に加工するのがよい。例えば、被加工材には表面を光沢のある平滑面に加工された石材を用いることができる。石材は大理石でもよく、又光沢のある平滑面に加工できればモルタル石材でもよく、さらに御影石を用いてもよい。   The work material, that is, the object to be processed can be a stone material, a glass material, or the like. However, as described above, the image drawability and reproducibility are affected by the color of the surface of the work material. Therefore, it is preferable to process the surface of the workpiece into a smooth and glossy surface. For example, a stone whose surface is processed into a glossy smooth surface can be used as the workpiece. The stone may be marble, or may be a mortar stone as long as it can be processed into a glossy smooth surface, and granite may also be used.

以下、本発明を図面に示す具体例に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は本発明に係る描画方法の好ましい実施形態において用いられ加工機械の1例を、図2はその回路構成の1例を示す。本例の加工機械10において、床面上には加工ベッド11が前後に移動可能に設けられ、駆動装置(図示せず)によって前進後退されるように設けられ、加工ベッド11上には石材(被加工材)30が搭載されるようになっている。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on specific examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a processing machine used in a preferred embodiment of a drawing method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of its circuit configuration. In the processing machine 10 of this example, a processing bed 11 is provided on the floor so as to be movable back and forth, and is provided so as to be moved forward and backward by a driving device (not shown). A workpiece 30 is mounted.

また、床面上にはフレーム20の四脚21が固定され、四脚21は伸縮可能に設けられるとともに、ラック・ピニオン等の公知の伸縮機構22が設けられ、伸縮機構22はそのモータ22Aの回転・逆転によってフレーム20の高さを変更するようになっている。   Further, the four legs 21 of the frame 20 are fixed on the floor surface, the four legs 21 are provided so as to be extendable and retractable, and a known extension mechanism 22 such as a rack and pinion is provided. The height of the frame 20 is changed by rotation and reverse rotation.

このフレーム20は左右の長辺フレーム部23Aと前後の短辺フレーム部23Bとからなる矩形状の外フレーム23の前後の短辺フレーム部23Bの間に中央フレーム24を幅方向にスライド自在に支持して構成され、外フレーム23の短辺フレーム部23Bにはラック・ピニオンあるいはワイヤー・プーリの組み合わせ等からなる公知のY軸スライダー25が設けられ、Y軸スライダー25のモータ25Aの回転・逆転を制御することによって中央フレーム24はY軸方向(幅方向)にスライドされるようになっている。   This frame 20 supports a central frame 24 slidably in the width direction between front and rear short side frame portions 23B of a rectangular outer frame 23 composed of left and right long side frame portions 23A and front and rear short side frame portions 23B. A known Y-axis slider 25 made of a combination of a rack and pinion or a wire and a pulley is provided on the short side frame portion 23B of the outer frame 23, and the motor 25A of the Y-axis slider 25 is rotated and reversed. By controlling, the central frame 24 is slid in the Y-axis direction (width direction).

また、中央フレーム24にはX軸スライダー26がスライド可能に搭載され、X軸スライダー26はそのモータ26Aの回転・逆転を制御することによって中央フレーム24に沿ってX軸方向(前後方向)にスライドされるようになっている。   An X-axis slider 26 is slidably mounted on the central frame 24. The X-axis slider 26 slides in the X-axis direction (front-rear direction) along the central frame 24 by controlling the rotation / reverse rotation of the motor 26A. It has come to be.

このX軸スライダー26には打撃工具27が搭載され、打撃工具27の先端にはダイヤモンドチップが固定され、又打撃工具27には油圧ポンプ(図示せず)からの油圧が供給され、その供給通路の途中には電磁バルブ28が設けられ、電磁バルブ28の開閉によって打撃工具27に微小の打撃力が与えられ、ダイヤモンドチップが石材30の表面に衝突して例えば0.5mm〜2.5mmの範囲内の大きさの微小点を加工できるようになっている。   The X-axis slider 26 is equipped with a striking tool 27, a diamond tip is fixed to the tip of the striking tool 27, and the striking tool 27 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump (not shown). An electromagnetic valve 28 is provided in the middle, and a fine impact force is applied to the impact tool 27 by opening and closing the electromagnetic valve 28, and the diamond tip collides with the surface of the stone material 30, for example, in the range of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm. It is possible to process minute dots of the size inside.

伸縮機構22のモータ22A、スライダー25、26のモータ25A、26A及び打撃工具27の電磁バルブ28はコンピュータ40によって制御されるようになっている。このコンピュータ40にはスキャナー41の信号及びフレーム20の高さを設定する高さ設定器42の信号が入力され、コンピュータ40は機能的には画像データの取込手段40A、網点データ変換手段40C、スライダー制御手段40D、加工制御手段40E及び高さ制御手段40Bから構成されている。   The motor 22A of the telescopic mechanism 22, the motors 25A and 26A of the sliders 25 and 26, and the electromagnetic valve 28 of the impact tool 27 are controlled by a computer 40. The computer 40 receives a signal from the scanner 41 and a signal from a height setter 42 for setting the height of the frame 20, and the computer 40 functionally has an image data capturing means 40A and a halftone dot data converting means 40C. , Slider control means 40D, machining control means 40E, and height control means 40B.

画像データ取込手段40Aはスキャナー41からの画像データを取り込み、網点データ変換手段40Cは取り込んだ画像データを公知の方法で網点データに変換し、スライダー制御手段40Dは網点データに基づいてY軸スライダー25のモータ25A及びX軸スライダー26のモータ26Aの回転・逆転を制御し、加工制御手段40Eは各網点の位置において電磁バルブ28を一定の短時間だけ開き、打撃工具27に油圧を供給してダイヤモンドチップを一定の短い距離だけ前進させて石材30の表面に衝突させて微小点を加工するようになっている。   The image data fetching means 40A fetches image data from the scanner 41, the halftone dot data converting means 40C converts the fetched image data into halftone dot data by a known method, and the slider control means 40D is based on the halftone dot data. The rotation / reverse rotation of the motor 25A of the Y-axis slider 25 and the motor 26A of the X-axis slider 26 is controlled, and the machining control means 40E opens the electromagnetic valve 28 for a certain short time at each halftone dot position, The diamond tip is moved forward by a certain short distance and collided with the surface of the stone 30 to process minute points.

また、高さ制御手段40Bは高さ設定器42の信号を受けて、伸縮機構22のモータ22Aの回転・逆転を制御してフレーム20の高さを制御するようになっている。   Further, the height control means 40B receives the signal from the height setting device 42 and controls the rotation / reverse rotation of the motor 22A of the expansion / contraction mechanism 22 to control the height of the frame 20.

例えば、御影石30の表面に画像を描画する場合、御影石30の表面を光沢のある平滑面に加工した後、この御影石30を加工ベッド11上に搭載し、加工ベッド11を前進させて御影石30をフレーム20の下側に位置させる。   For example, when drawing an image on the surface of the granite 30, after processing the surface of the granite 30 into a glossy smooth surface, the granite 30 is mounted on the processing bed 11, and the processing bed 11 is advanced to move the granite 30. It is located below the frame 20.

その状態でスキャナー41に描画すべき画像をスキャニングさせ、画像データをコンピュータ40に取り込む。コンピュータ40では取り込んだ画像データが網点データに変換され、網点データの複数の各網点の位置に応じてY軸スライダー25及びX軸スライダー26の制御信号が作成され、Y軸スライダー25のモータ25A及びX軸スライダー26のモータ26Aに与えられる。   In this state, the scanner 41 scans the image to be drawn, and the image data is taken into the computer 40. The computer 40 converts the captured image data into halftone dot data, and generates control signals for the Y-axis slider 25 and the X-axis slider 26 according to the positions of the plurality of halftone dots in the halftone dot data. The motor 25A and the motor 26A of the X-axis slider 26 are given.

すると、中央フレーム24がY軸方向にスライドされるとともに、X軸スライダー26がそのスライドされる中央フレーム24に沿ってX軸方向にスライドし、これによって打撃工具27は網点の各点の位置に移動され、各網点の位置において打撃工具27が御影石30の表面に微小点50を加工する。   Then, the central frame 24 is slid in the Y-axis direction, and the X-axis slider 26 is slid in the X-axis direction along the slid central frame 24, whereby the hitting tool 27 is positioned at each dot point. The impact tool 27 processes the minute dots 50 on the surface of the granite 30 at the positions of the halftone dots.

このとき、画像の明るい部分は網点の集合が疎となるので、微小点50の集合も疎となり、暗い部分は網点の集合が密となるので、微小点50の集合も密となり、これによって連続階調の画像が再現される。例えば、左斜め上方から光の当たった球の図形を描写した1例を図3に示す。   At this time, since the set of halftone dots is sparse in the bright part of the image, the set of minute dots 50 is also sparse, and in the dark part, the set of halftone dots is dense, so the set of minute dots 50 is also dense. Thus, a continuous tone image is reproduced. For example, FIG. 3 shows an example in which a sphere figure illuminated with light from the upper left is depicted.

本発明に係る描画方法の好ましい実施形態において用いられる加工機械の1例を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows one example of the processing machine used in preferable embodiment of the drawing method which concerns on this invention. 上記加工機械におけるコンピュータの機能ブロックを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the functional block of the computer in the said processing machine. 上記方法で描画された画像の1例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the image drawn by the said method.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 加工機械
11 加工ベッド
20 フレーム
21 脚
22 伸長機構
22A モータ
23 外フレーム
24 中央フレーム
25 Y軸スライダー
25A モータ
26 X軸スライダー
26A モータ
27 打撃工具
28 電磁バルブ
30 御影石(被加工材)
40 コンピュータ
41 スキャナー
42 高さ設定器
50 微小点
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Processing machine 11 Processing bed 20 Frame 21 Leg 22 Extension mechanism 22A Motor 23 Outer frame 24 Center frame 25 Y axis slider 25A Motor 26 X axis slider 26A Motor 27 Impact tool 28 Electromagnetic valve 30 Granite (workpiece)
40 Computer 41 Scanner 42 Height setter 50 Minute point

Claims (5)

被加工材の表面に画像を描画するようにした描画方法であって、
X軸スライダーとY軸スライダーとによって打撃工具を平面における任意の位置に移動させこの打撃工具に微小な打撃力を加えるようにした加工機械を用い、
描画すべき画像のデータを網点データに変換し、加工機械の打撃工具を網点データの複数の各網点の位置に移動させ、複数の各網点の位置において打撃工具に微小な打撃力を加えて被加工材の表面に微小点を加工し、複数の微小点の集合によって画像を再現するようにしたことを特徴とする描画方法。
A drawing method for drawing an image on the surface of a workpiece,
Using a processing machine in which a striking tool is moved to an arbitrary position on a plane by an X-axis slider and a Y-axis slider and a small striking force is applied to the striking tool,
The image data to be drawn is converted into halftone dot data, the impact tool of the processing machine is moved to the position of each halftone dot of the halftone dot data, and the impact tool has a small impact force at each halftone dot position. The drawing method is characterized in that a minute point is processed on the surface of the work material by adding a point, and an image is reproduced by a set of a plurality of minute points.
描画すべき画像をスキャニングしてコンピュータに取り込み、コンピュータによってスキャニングデータを網点データに変換し、該網点データに基づいて加工機械のX軸スライダー及びY軸スライダーの移動を制御するようにした請求項1記載の描画方法。   An image to be drawn is scanned and taken into a computer, the scanning data is converted into halftone dot data by the computer, and the movement of the X axis slider and the Y axis slider of the processing machine is controlled based on the halftone dot data. Item 2. The drawing method according to Item 1. 上記打撃工具がダイヤモンド工具である請求項1記載の描画方法。   The drawing method according to claim 1, wherein the impact tool is a diamond tool. 上記被加工材が、表面を光沢のある平滑面に加工された石材である請求項1記載の描画方法。   The drawing method according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is a stone whose surface is processed into a glossy smooth surface. 上記石材が御影石である請求項1記載の描画方法。
The drawing method according to claim 1, wherein the stone is granite.
JP2005094111A 2005-03-29 2005-03-29 Image drawing method Ceased JP2006272708A (en)

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