JP2006185708A - Secondary battery - Google Patents

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JP2006185708A
JP2006185708A JP2004376934A JP2004376934A JP2006185708A JP 2006185708 A JP2006185708 A JP 2006185708A JP 2004376934 A JP2004376934 A JP 2004376934A JP 2004376934 A JP2004376934 A JP 2004376934A JP 2006185708 A JP2006185708 A JP 2006185708A
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secondary battery
exterior member
battery according
heat
present
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JP5002894B2 (en
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Tatsuhiro Fukuzawa
達弘 福沢
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a secondary battery capable of discharging in an early stage gas generated in overcharge while appropriate sealing performance is kept. <P>SOLUTION: The secondary battery is equipped with a power generation element 108 having a positive plate and a negative plate laminated through a separator, outer packaging members 106, 107 sealed after the power generation element 108 is housed, a positive terminal 104 and a negative terminal 105 connected to the positive plate and the negative plate respectively and taken out of the outer packaging members, a connecting circuit 109 electrically connecting the positive terminal 104 and the negative terminal 105, a Zener diode 110 installed on the connecting circuit 109 and supplying current to the connecting circuit 109 when the potential difference between the positive terminal 104 and the negative terminal 105 exceeds Zener voltage, and a valve member 111 heated and melted by current supplied through the connecting circuit 109 and opening an opening formed in the upper outer packaging member 106. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電極板を有する発電要素を外装部材に収容して封止すると共に、電極板に接続された電極端子が外装部材から外部に導出した二次電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a secondary battery in which a power generation element having an electrode plate is housed and sealed in an exterior member, and electrode terminals connected to the electrode plate are led out from the exterior member.

電極板を有する発電要素を外装部材に収容して封止すると共に電極板に接続された電極端子を外装部材から外部に導出した二次電池では、過充電時に電池内部にガスが発生して内圧が上昇する場合がある。   In a secondary battery in which a power generation element having an electrode plate is housed and sealed in an exterior member and electrode terminals connected to the electrode plate are led out from the exterior member, gas is generated inside the battery during overcharging, and the internal pressure May rise.

このような内圧上昇を解消するために、内圧上昇時に破断して開口する脆弱部（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、過充電時の発熱により溶解して開口する易溶解部（例えば、特許文献２参照）を、外装部材の一部に設ける技術が従来から知られている。   In order to eliminate such an increase in internal pressure, a fragile portion that breaks and opens when the internal pressure increases (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or an easily soluble portion that melts and opens due to heat generated during overcharging (for example, Patent Document 1). 2) is conventionally known in a part of the exterior member.

このような技術では、脆弱部の破断圧力や易溶解部の溶解温度を高く設定すると、外装部材がなかなか開口せず、二次電池の内圧上昇が発生する。これに対し、破断圧力や熔解温度を低く設定すると、通常使用時でも外装部材が開口し易くなり二次電池の封止性能が低下する。従って、脆弱部の破断圧力や易溶解部の溶解温度の設定が難しいという問題がある。
特開２００２−１５１０２０号公報 特開２００１−２８３８００号公報 In such a technique, when the breaking pressure of the fragile portion and the melting temperature of the easily soluble portion are set high, the exterior member does not readily open and the internal pressure of the secondary battery increases. On the other hand, when the rupture pressure and the melting temperature are set low, the exterior member easily opens even during normal use, and the sealing performance of the secondary battery is lowered. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to set the breaking pressure of the fragile portion and the melting temperature of the easily soluble portion.
JP 2002-151020 A JP 2001-283800 A

本発明は、適切な封止性能を維持しつつ、過充電時に早期にガスを放出することが可能な二次電池を提供することを目的とする。
上記目的を達成するために、本発明によれば、セパレータを介して積層された正極板及び負極板を有する発電要素と、前記発電要素を収容して封止する外装部材と、前記正極板及び前記負極板にそれぞれ接続されて前記外装部材から外部に導出している正極端子及び負極端子と、を備えた二次電池であって、前記二次電池の過充電時に電流が供給されて発熱する発熱手段と、前記発熱手段に電流を供給する電流供給手段と、前記外装部材の一部に設けられ、前記発熱手段によって発生した熱で開口することにより前記外装部材の内部と外部とを連通させる連通手段と、をさらに備えた二次電池が提供される。 An object of this invention is to provide the secondary battery which can discharge | release gas at the time of an overcharge early, maintaining appropriate sealing performance.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a power generation element having a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate laminated via a separator, an exterior member that houses and seals the power generation element, the positive electrode plate, A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal connected to the negative electrode plate and led out from the exterior member to the outside, wherein a current is supplied to generate heat when the secondary battery is overcharged. A heat supply means, a current supply means for supplying current to the heat generation means, and a part of the exterior member, which is opened by heat generated by the heat generation means, thereby communicating the interior and the exterior of the exterior member. A secondary battery further provided with communication means.

本発明では、過充電が発生したら電流供給手段から供給された電流により発熱手段が発熱し、この熱により連通手段が外装部材の一部を開口させて当該外装部材の内部と外部とを連通させる。   In the present invention, when overcharge occurs, the heat generating means generates heat due to the current supplied from the current supply means, and the communication means opens a part of the exterior member and communicates the interior and the exterior of the exterior member by this heat. .

このように、二次電池の過電圧に基づいて外装部材の一部を開口させることにより、過充電時に出来る限り早期にガスを放出することを可能にしつつ、二次電池の封止性能を適切に維持することが出来る。   In this way, by opening a part of the exterior member based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery, it is possible to release the gas as early as possible at the time of overcharging, and appropriately improve the sealing performance of the secondary battery. Can be maintained.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

［第１実施形態］
図１は本発明の第１実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す平面図、図２は図１のII-II線に沿った断面図、図３は図１のIII部の拡大図、図４は図３のIV-IV線に沿った断面図である。 [First Embodiment]
1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the thin battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

図１及び図２は一つの薄型電池１０（単位電池）を示し、この薄型電池１０を複数積層することにより所望の電圧、容量の組電池が構成される。   1 and 2 show one thin battery 10 (unit battery), and an assembled battery having a desired voltage and capacity is formed by stacking a plurality of thin batteries 10.

本実施形態に係る薄型電池１０は、積層可能な平板状のリチウムイオン二次電池であり、図１及び図２に示すように、３枚の正極板１０１と、５枚のセパレータ１０２と、３枚の負極板１０３と、正極端子１０４と、負極端子１０５と、上部外装部材１０６と、下部外装部材１０７と、特に図示しない電解質と、から構成されており、例えば１０ｍｍ以下の総厚を有する。このうちの正極板１０１、セパレータ１０２、負極板１０３及び電解液を特に発電要素１０８と称する。   A thin battery 10 according to this embodiment is a stackable flat lithium ion secondary battery, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, three positive plates 101, five separators 102, 3 The negative electrode plate 103, the positive electrode terminal 104, the negative electrode terminal 105, the upper exterior member 106, the lower exterior member 107, and an electrolyte that is not particularly illustrated, and has a total thickness of, for example, 10 mm or less. Among these, the positive electrode plate 101, the separator 102, the negative electrode plate 103, and the electrolyte are specifically referred to as a power generation element 108.

発電要素１０８を構成する正極板１０１は、正極端子１０４まで延びている正極側集電体１０１ａと、正極側集電体１０１ａの一部の両主面にそれぞれ形成された正極層１０１ｂ、１０１ｃと、を有している。   The positive electrode plate 101 constituting the power generation element 108 includes a positive electrode side current collector 101a extending to the positive electrode terminal 104, and positive electrode layers 101b and 101c formed on both main surfaces of a part of the positive electrode side current collector 101a, respectively. ,have.

この正極板１０１の正極側集電体１０１ａは、例えば、アルミニウム箔、アルミニウム合金箔、又は、ニッケル箔等の電気化学的に安定した金属箔である。   The positive electrode side current collector 101a of the positive electrode plate 101 is an electrochemically stable metal foil such as an aluminum foil, an aluminum alloy foil, or a nickel foil.

正極板１０１の正極層１０１ｂ、１０１ｃは、例えば、ＬｉＮｉＯ２等のリチウム・ニッケル系複合酸化物、ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４等のリチウム・マンガン系複合酸化物、又は、ＬｉＣｏＯ２等のリチウム・コバルト系複合酸化物等や、カルコゲン（Ｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｔｅ）化物等の正極活物質と、カーボンブラック等の導電剤と、ポリフッ化エチレンの水性ディスパージョン等の結着剤と、を混合させたものを、正極側集電体１０１ａの一部の両主面に塗布し、乾燥及び圧縮することにより形成されている。 The positive electrode layer 101b of the positive electrode plate 101, 101c, for example, lithium-nickel composite oxide such as LiNiO 2, lithium-manganese-based composite oxide such as LiMn 2 O 4, or a lithium-cobalt complex such as LiCoO 2, What mixed a positive electrode active material such as an oxide or the like, a chalcogen (S, Se, Te) compound, a conductive agent such as carbon black, and a binder such as an aqueous dispersion of polyfluorinated ethylene, It is formed by applying to both main surfaces of a part of the positive electrode side current collector 101a, drying and compressing.

発電要素１０８を構成する負極板１０３は、負極端子１０５まで延びている負極側集電体１０３ａと、当該負極側集電体１０３ａの一部の両主面にそれぞれ形成された負極層１０３ｂ、１０３ｃと、を有している。   The negative electrode plate 103 constituting the power generation element 108 includes a negative electrode side current collector 103a extending to the negative electrode terminal 105, and negative electrode layers 103b and 103c formed on both main surfaces of a part of the negative electrode side current collector 103a, respectively. And have.

この負極板１０３の負極側集電体１０３ａは、例えば、ニッケル箔、銅箔、ステンレス箔、又は、鉄箔等の電気化学的に安定した金属箔である。   The negative electrode side current collector 103a of the negative electrode plate 103 is an electrochemically stable metal foil such as nickel foil, copper foil, stainless steel foil, or iron foil.

負極板１０３の負極層１０３ｂ、１０３ｃは、例えば、非晶質炭素、難黒鉛化炭素、易黒鉛化炭素、又は、黒鉛等のような上記の正極活物質のリチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出する負極活物質に、有機物焼成体の前駆体材料としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム樹脂粉末の水性ディスパージョンを混合し、乾燥させた後に粉砕することで、炭素粒子表面に炭化したスチレンブタジエンゴムを担持させたものを主材料とし、これにアクリル樹脂エマルジョン等の結着剤をさらに混合し、この混合物を負極側集電体１０３ａの一部の両主面に塗布し、乾燥及び圧縮することにより形成されている。   The negative electrode layers 103b and 103c of the negative electrode plate 103 include negative electrode actives that occlude and release lithium ions of the positive electrode active material, such as amorphous carbon, non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, or graphite. Mainly a substance in which an aqueous dispersion of a styrene butadiene rubber resin powder as a precursor material of an organic fired body is mixed with a substance, dried, and pulverized to carry carbonized styrene butadiene rubber on the surface of carbon particles. The material is formed by further mixing a binder such as an acrylic resin emulsion with the mixture, applying the mixture to both main surfaces of a part of the negative electrode side current collector 103a, and drying and compressing the mixture.

特に、負極活物質として非晶質炭素や難黒鉛化炭素を用いると、充放電時における電位の平坦特性に乏しく放電量に伴って出力電圧も低下するので、通信機器や事務機器の電源には不向きであるが、電気自動車の電源として用いると急激な出力低下がないので有利である。   In particular, when amorphous carbon or non-graphitizable carbon is used as the negative electrode active material, the flatness of the potential during charge / discharge is poor and the output voltage decreases with the amount of discharge. Although unsuitable, it is advantageous when used as a power source for an electric vehicle because there is no sudden drop in output.

発電要素１０８のセパレータ１０２は、上述した正極板１０１と負極板１０３との短絡を防止するもので、電解質を保持する機能を備えても良い。このセパレータ１０２は、例えば、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）やポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）等のポリオレフィン等から構成される微多孔性膜であり、過電流が流れると、その発熱によって層の空孔が閉塞され電流を遮断する機能をも有する。   The separator 102 of the power generation element 108 prevents a short circuit between the positive electrode plate 101 and the negative electrode plate 103 described above, and may have a function of holding an electrolyte. This separator 102 is a microporous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), for example. When an overcurrent flows, the pores of the layer are blocked by the heat generation and the current is cut off. It also has a function to

なお、本発明のセパレータは、ポリオレフィン等の単層膜のみに限定されず、ポリプロピレン膜をポリエチレン膜でサンドイッチした三層構造や、ポリオレフィン微多孔性膜と有機不織布等を積層したものを用いることも出来る。このようにセパレータ１０２を複層化することで、過電流防止機能、電解質保持機能及びセパレータの形状維持（剛性向上）機能等の諸機能を付与することが出来る。   The separator of the present invention is not limited to a single-layer film such as polyolefin, but a three-layer structure in which a polypropylene film is sandwiched with a polyethylene film, or a laminate of a polyolefin microporous film and an organic nonwoven fabric may be used. I can do it. Thus, by making the separator 102 into multiple layers, various functions such as an overcurrent prevention function, an electrolyte holding function, and a separator shape maintenance (stiffness improvement) function can be provided.

以上の発電要素１０８は、セパレータ１０２を介して正極板１０１と負極板１０３とが交互に積層されている。そして、３枚の正極板１０１は、正極側集電体１０１ａを介して、金属箔製の正極端子１０４にそれぞれ接続される一方で、３枚の負極板１０３は、負極側集電体１０３ａを介して、同様に金属箔製の負極端子１０５にそれぞれ接続されている。   In the power generation element 108 described above, the positive electrode plates 101 and the negative electrode plates 103 are alternately stacked via the separators 102. The three positive plates 101 are respectively connected to the positive terminal 104 made of metal foil via the positive current collector 101a, while the three negative plates 103 are connected to the negative current collector 103a. In the same manner, each is connected to a negative electrode terminal 105 made of metal foil.

なお、発電要素１０８の正極板１０１、セパレータ１０２、及び、負極板１０３は、本発明では上記の枚数に何ら限定されず、例えば、１枚の正極板１０１、３枚のセパレータ１０２、及び、１枚の負極板１０３でも発電要素１０８を構成することが出来、必要に応じて正極板、セパレータ及び負極板の枚数を選択して構成することが出来る。   In addition, the positive electrode plate 101, the separator 102, and the negative electrode plate 103 of the power generation element 108 are not limited to the above number in the present invention. For example, one positive electrode plate 101, three separators 102, and 1 The power generation element 108 can also be configured with a single negative plate 103, and can be configured by selecting the number of positive plates, separators, and negative plates as required.

正極端子１０４も負極端子１０５も電気化学的に安定した金属材料であれば特に限定されないが、正極端子１０４としては、上述の正極側集電体１０１ａと同様に、例えば、アルミニウム箔、アルミニウム金属箔、銅箔、又は、ニッケル箔等を挙げることが出来る。また、負極端子１０５としては、上述の負極側集電体１０３ａと同様に、例えば、ニッケル箔、銅箔、ステンレス箔、又は、鉄箔等を挙げることが出来る。   The positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105 are not particularly limited as long as they are metal materials that are electrochemically stable. As the positive electrode terminal 104, for example, an aluminum foil or an aluminum metal foil can be used as in the positive electrode side current collector 101a. , Copper foil, or nickel foil. Moreover, as the negative electrode terminal 105, nickel foil, copper foil, stainless steel foil, iron foil, etc. can be mentioned similarly to the above-mentioned negative electrode side collector 103a, for example.

以上のように構成される発電要素１０８は、上部外装部材１０６及び下部外装部材１０７に収容されて封止されている。   The power generation element 108 configured as described above is accommodated and sealed in the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107.

上部外装部材１０６は、図１及び図２に示すように、発電要素１０８を収容可能なカップ状の外形形状を有している。この上部外装部材１０６は、図４に示すように、薄型電池１０の内側から外側に向かって、例えばポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等の耐電解液及び熱融着性に優れた樹脂フィルムから構成されている内側層１０６ａと、例えばアルミニウム等の金属箔から構成されている中間層１０６ｂと、例えばポリアミド系樹脂やポリエステル系樹脂等の電気絶縁性に優れた樹脂フィルムから構成されている外側層１０６ｃと、の三層構造から成る樹脂−金属薄膜ラミネート材で構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper exterior member 106 has a cup-shaped outer shape that can accommodate the power generation element 108. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper exterior member 106 is an inner side made of an electrolyte solution such as polyethylene or polypropylene and a resin film excellent in heat fusion, for example, from the inner side to the outer side of the thin battery 10. A layer 106a, an intermediate layer 106b made of a metal foil such as aluminum, and an outer layer 106c made of a resin film excellent in electrical insulation such as a polyamide resin or a polyester resin. It is composed of a resin-metal thin film laminate material having a layer structure.

これに対し、下部外装部材１０７は、図１及び図２に示すように、平板状の外形形状を有しており、上部外装部材１０６と同様に、特に図示しないが、薄型電池１０の内側から外側に向かって、例えばポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等の耐電解液及び熱融着性に優れた樹脂フィルムから構成されている内側層と、例えばアルミニウム等の金属箔から構成されている中間層と、例えばポリアミド系樹脂やポリエステル系樹脂等の電気絶縁性に優れた樹脂フィルムから構成されている外側層と、の三層構造から成る樹脂−金属薄膜ラミネート材で構成されている。   On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower exterior member 107 has a flat outer shape. Like the upper exterior member 106, the lower exterior member 107 is not particularly shown, but from the inside of the thin battery 10. Toward the outside, for example, an inner layer composed of an electrolytic solution such as polyethylene or polypropylene and a resin film excellent in heat fusion, an intermediate layer composed of a metal foil such as aluminum, and a polyamide, for example It is comprised with the resin-metal thin film laminate material which consists of a three-layer structure with the outer layer comprised from the resin film excellent in electrical insulation, such as a system resin and a polyester-type resin.

これら外装部材１０６、１０７によって、上述の発電要素１０８、正極端子１０４の一部及び負極端子１０５の一部を包み込み、当該外装部材１０６、１０７により形成される空間に、有機液体溶媒に過塩素酸リチウム（ＬｉＣｌＯ４）やホウフッ化リチウム（ＬｉＢＦ４）、六フッ化リン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ６）等のリチウム塩を溶質とした液体電解質を注入しながら、外装部材１０６、１０７により形成される空間を吸引して減圧し、外装部材１０６、１０７をその外周縁に沿って熱プレスにより熱融着して封止する。 These exterior members 106 and 107 enclose the power generation element 108, a part of the positive electrode terminal 104 and a part of the negative electrode terminal 105, and in the space formed by the exterior members 106 and 107, perchloric acid is added to the organic liquid solvent. While injecting a liquid electrolyte in which a lithium salt such as lithium (LiClO 4 ), lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4 ), or lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) is used as a solute, a space formed by the exterior members 106 and 107 is formed. The pressure is reduced by suction, and the exterior members 106 and 107 are heat-sealed by hot pressing along their outer peripheral edges and sealed.

有機液体溶媒としては、プロピレンカーボネート（ＰＣ）やエチレンカーボネート（ＥＣ）、ジメチルカーボネート（ＤＭＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）等のエステル系溶媒を挙げることが出来るが、本発明の有機液体溶媒はこれに限定されることなく、エステル系溶媒に、γ−ブチラクトン（γ−ＢＬ）、ジエトシキエタン（ＤＥＥ）等のエーテル系溶媒その他の混合、調合した有機液体溶媒を用いることも出来る。   Examples of the organic liquid solvent include ester solvents such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC). Without being limited thereto, an ether solvent such as γ-butylactone (γ-BL), dietoshikiethane (DEE), or other mixed or prepared organic liquid solvent can be used as the ester solvent.

さらに、本実施形態に係る薄型電池１０は、図１及び図３に示すように、接続回路１０９と、ツェナーダイオード１１０と、弁部材１１１と、を有している。   Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the thin battery 10 according to the present embodiment includes a connection circuit 109, a Zener diode 110, and a valve member 111.

接続回路１０９は、図１に示すように、薄型電池１０の正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５とを電気的に接続するように上部外装部材１０６の外表面に沿って配線されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the connection circuit 109 is wired along the outer surface of the upper exterior member 106 so as to electrically connect the positive terminal 104 and the negative terminal 105 of the thin battery 10.

ツェナーダイオード１１０は、この接続回路１０９上に設けられており、正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５との電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった場合に、薄型電池１０に蓄積されたエネルギーを利用して接続回路１０９に電流を流すことが可能となっている。このツェナーダイオード１１０のツェナー電圧は、薄型電池１０の通常使用範囲の電圧以上であり、且つ、電解液が分解してガスが発生する電圧以下に設定されている。   The Zener diode 110 is provided on the connection circuit 109, and uses the energy accumulated in the thin battery 10 when the potential difference between the positive terminal 104 and the negative terminal 105 is equal to or higher than the Zener voltage. It is possible to pass a current through 109. The Zener voltage of the Zener diode 110 is set to be equal to or higher than the voltage in the normal use range of the thin battery 10 and lower than the voltage at which the electrolyte is decomposed to generate gas.

弁部材１１１は、図３及び図４に示すように、上部外装部材１０６のカップ部側面に形成された開口１０６ｄを閉塞するように上部外装部材１０６に接合された金属箔（ヒューズエレメント（可溶体））であり、ツェナーダイオード１１０と同様に、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。この弁部材１１１を構成する材料としては、例えば、鉛、錫又はこれらの合金等を挙げることが出来る。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the valve member 111 is a metal foil (fuse element (soluble element) joined to the upper exterior member 106 so as to close the opening 106 d formed on the side surface of the cup portion of the upper exterior member 106. )), And is provided on the connection circuit 109 in the same manner as the Zener diode 110. Examples of the material constituting the valve member 111 include lead, tin, and alloys thereof.

以上のような構成の薄型電池１０では、過充電時に正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５との電位差がツェナー電圧以上となると、薄型電池１０に蓄積されたエネルギーを利用してツェナーダイオード１１０により接続回路１０９に電流が流れ、当該回路１０９上に設けられた弁部材１１１に電流が供給される。そして、このように電流が供給された弁部材１１１は、それ自体が発熱して溶融することにより、それまで閉塞していた開口１０６ｄを開放させて、外装部材１０６、１０７の内部と外部とを連通させる。   In the thin battery 10 configured as described above, when the potential difference between the positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105 becomes equal to or higher than the Zener voltage during overcharging, the connection circuit 109 is connected by the Zener diode 110 using the energy accumulated in the thin battery 10. Current flows to the valve member 111 provided on the circuit 109. The valve member 111 supplied with the current in this way generates heat and melts itself, thereby opening the opening 106d that has been closed so far, and connecting the interior and exterior of the exterior members 106 and 107. Communicate.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池１０の過電圧に基づいて上部外装部材１０６の開口１０６ｄを開放させることにより、二次電池１０の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることを可能となる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the opening 106d of the upper exterior member 106 is opened based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery 10, thereby appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery 10 and during overcharging. It is possible to release the gas as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands.

なお、本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１１が本発明における発熱手段及び連通手段に相当する。また、本実施形態ではツェナー電圧が本発明における所定電圧値に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, and the valve member 111 corresponds to heat generation means and communication means in the present invention. In the present embodiment, the Zener voltage corresponds to the predetermined voltage value in the present invention.

［第２実施形態］
図５は本発明の第２実施形態に係る薄型電池において前記図３に相当する拡大平面図、図６は図５のVI-VI線に沿った断面図である。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the thin battery according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.

本発明の第２実施形態に係る二次電池は、弁部材１１１の代わりに、弁部材１１２及び発熱体１１７を有する点で上述の第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と相違するが、その他の構成は第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と同一である。以下に、第２実施形態に係る二次電池について、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in that it has a valve member 112 and a heating element 117 instead of the valve member 111. The configuration of is the same as that of the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment. Only the differences between the secondary battery according to the second embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described below.

本実施形態の二次電池は、図５及び図６に示すように、第１実施形態における弁部材１１１の代わりに、弁部材１１２及び発熱体１１７を有している。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the secondary battery of the present embodiment has a valve member 112 and a heating element 117 instead of the valve member 111 in the first embodiment.

弁部材１１２は、上部外装部材１０６のカップ部側面に形成された開口１０６ｄを閉塞するように上部外装部材１０６に接合されており、第１実施形態と異なり、発熱体１１７の発熱により溶融可能な合成樹脂フィルムで構成されている。この弁部材１１２を構成する合成樹脂材料としては、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等を挙げることが出来る。   The valve member 112 is joined to the upper exterior member 106 so as to close the opening 106d formed on the side surface of the cup portion of the upper exterior member 106, and unlike the first embodiment, the valve member 112 can be melted by the heat generated by the heating element 117. It is composed of a synthetic resin film. Examples of the synthetic resin material constituting the valve member 112 include polyethylene and polypropylene.

発熱体１１７は、この弁部材１１２の三辺を囲むように略コ字状に配置されており、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。この発熱体１１７は、例えば、コイル状のニクロム線や熱伝導性に優れた金属材料から成る金属箔等で構成されており、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱することが可能となっている。   The heating element 117 is disposed in a substantially U shape so as to surround the three sides of the valve member 112, and is provided on the connection circuit 109. The heating element 117 is composed of, for example, a coiled nichrome wire or a metal foil made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity, and when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage. Heat can be generated by the current flowing through the connection circuit 109.

そして、この第２実施形態では、発熱体１１７の発熱により弁部材１１２が溶融して上部外装部材１０６の開口１０６ｄを介して薄型電池の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。   In the second embodiment, the valve member 112 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 117, and the inside and the outside of the thin battery can be communicated with each other through the opening 106d of the upper exterior member 106.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池１０の過電圧に基づいて上部外装部材１０６の開口１０６ｄを開放させることにより、二次電池１０の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが可能となる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the opening 106d of the upper exterior member 106 is opened based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery 10, thereby appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery 10 and during overcharging. It is possible to release the gas as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands.

なお、本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１２が本発明における連通手段に相当し、発熱体１１７が本発明における発熱手段に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, the valve member 112 corresponds to communication means in the present invention, and the heating element 117 corresponds to heat generation means in the present invention. .

［第３実施形態］
図７は本発明の第３実施形態に係る薄型電池における前記図３に対応する拡大平面図、図８は図７のVIII-VIII線に沿った断面図である。 [Third Embodiment]
7 is an enlarged plan view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the thin battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.

本発明の第３実施形態に係る二次電池は、上部外装部材１０６の開口１０６ｄの代わりに、外装部材１０６、１０７の間に未シール部１０６ｅが形成されている点で上述の第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と相違するが、その他の構成は第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と同一である。以下に、第３実施形態に係る二次電池について、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the above-described first embodiment in that an unsealed portion 106e is formed between the exterior members 106 and 107 instead of the opening 106d of the upper exterior member 106. The other configuration is the same as that of the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment except for the configuration of the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment. Only the differences between the secondary battery according to the third embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described below.

本実施形態の二次電池には、図７及び図８に示すように、二次電池の内部と外部とを連通させるように、上部外装部材１０６と下部外装部材１０７との間に熱融着していない未シール部１０６ｅが形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the secondary battery of the present embodiment is heat-sealed between the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107 so that the interior and exterior of the secondary battery are communicated. An unsealed portion 106e that is not formed is formed.

弁部材１１３は、この未シール部１０６ｅの開口を閉塞するように接合された金属箔（ヒューズエレメント（可溶体））であり、第１実施形態における弁部材１１１と同様に、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。この弁部材１１３は、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった場合に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱し、その熱により当該弁部材１１３自体が溶融して未シール部１０６ｅを介して薄型電池の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。この弁部材１１３を構成する材料としては、例えば、鉛、錫又はこれらの合金等を挙げることが出来る。   The valve member 113 is a metal foil (fuse element (fusible element)) joined so as to close the opening of the unsealed portion 106e. Similar to the valve member 111 in the first embodiment, the valve member 113 is formed on the connection circuit 109. Is provided. When the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage, the valve member 113 generates heat due to the current flowing through the connection circuit 109, and the heat causes the valve member 113 itself to melt and unsealed portion 106e. The inside and outside of the thin battery can be communicated with each other. Examples of the material constituting the valve member 113 include lead, tin, and alloys thereof.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池の過電圧に基づいて上部外装部材１０６の未シール部１０６ｅを開放させることにより、二次電池の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the unsealed portion 106e of the upper exterior member 106 is opened based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery, thereby appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery and during overcharge. Gas can be released as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands.

なお、本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１３が本発明における発熱手段及び連通手段に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, and the valve member 113 corresponds to heat generation means and communication means in the present invention.

［第４実施形態］
図９は本発明の第４実施形態に係る薄型電池における前記図３に対応する拡大平面図、図１０は図９のX-X線に沿った断面図である。 [Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the thin battery according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

本発明の第４実施形態に係る二次電池は、弁部材１１３の代わりに、弁部材１１４及び発熱体１１８を有する点で上述の第３実施形態に係る二次電池と相違するが、その他の構成は第３実施形態に係る二次電池のものと同一である。以下に第４実施形態に係る二次電池について、第３実施形態に係る二次電池との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery according to the third embodiment described above in that it has a valve member 114 and a heating element 118 instead of the valve member 113. The configuration is the same as that of the secondary battery according to the third embodiment. Only the differences between the secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment and the secondary battery according to the third embodiment will be described below.

本実施形態に係る二次電池は、図９及び図１０に示すように、第３実施形態における弁部材１１３の代わりに、弁部材１１４及び発熱体１１８を有している。   As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the secondary battery according to the present embodiment includes a valve member 114 and a heating element 118 instead of the valve member 113 in the third embodiment.

弁部材１１４は、外装部材１０６、１０７に形成された未シール部１０６ｅの開口を閉塞するように外装部材１０６、１０７に接合されており、第３実施形態と異なり、発熱体１１８の発熱により溶融可能な合成樹脂フィルムで構成されている。この弁部材１１４を構成する合成樹脂材料としては、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等を挙げることが出来る。   The valve member 114 is joined to the exterior members 106 and 107 so as to close the openings of the unsealed portions 106e formed in the exterior members 106 and 107, and unlike the third embodiment, the valve member 114 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 118. It consists of possible synthetic resin films. Examples of the synthetic resin material constituting the valve member 114 include polyethylene and polypropylene.

発熱体１１８は、この弁部材１１４の３辺を囲むように略コ字状に配置されており、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。この発熱体１１８は、例えば、コイル状のニクロム線や、熱伝導性に優れた金属材料から成る金属箔等で構成されており、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱することが可能となっている。   The heating element 118 is arranged in a substantially U shape so as to surround the three sides of the valve member 114, and is provided on the connection circuit 109. The heating element 118 is made of, for example, a coiled nichrome wire, a metal foil made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity, or the like, and when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the Zener voltage. It is possible to generate heat by the current flowing through the connection circuit 109.

そして、この第４実施形態では、発熱体１１８の発熱により弁部材１１４が溶融して未シール部１０６ｅを介して薄型電池の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。   In the fourth embodiment, the valve member 114 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 118, and the inside and outside of the thin battery can be communicated with each other through the unsealed portion 106e.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池の過電圧に基づいて上部外装部材１０６の未シール部１０６ｅを開放させることにより、二次電池の封止性能を適切に維持しながら過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the unsealed portion 106e of the upper exterior member 106 is opened based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery, so that the internal pressure during overcharge is maintained while appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery. The gas can be released as early as possible before the rise or expansion of the exterior member occurs.

なお、本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１４が本発明における連通手段に相当し、発熱体１１８が本発明における発熱手段に相当する。   In this embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, the valve member 114 corresponds to communication means in the present invention, and the heating element 118 corresponds to heat generation means in the present invention. .

［第５実施形態］
図１１は本発明の第５実施形態に係る薄型電池における前記図３に対応する拡大平面図、図１２は図１１のXII-XII線に沿った断面図である。 [Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is an enlarged plan view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the thin battery according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.

本発明の第５実施形態に係る二次電池は、弁部材１１１の代わりに、弁部材１１５を有する点で上述の第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と相違するが、その他の構成は第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と同一である。以下に第５実施形態に係る二次電池について、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in that it has a valve member 115 instead of the valve member 111. This is the same as the secondary battery 10 according to the embodiment. Only the differences between the secondary battery according to the fifth embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described below.

本実施形態に係る二次電池は、図１１及び図１２に示すように、第１実施形態における弁部材１１１の代わりに、弁部材１１５を有している。また、本実施形態に係る二次電池は、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と異なり、上部外装部材１０６に開口１０６ｄが形成されていない。   As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the secondary battery according to the present embodiment includes a valve member 115 instead of the valve member 111 in the first embodiment. Further, unlike the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment, the secondary battery according to the present embodiment does not have the opening 106 d formed in the upper exterior member 106.

弁部材１１５は、上部外装部材１０６と下部外装部材１０７との間に挟まれた状態で熱融着されることにより、二次電池の内部と外部とを貫通するように外装部材１０６、１０７に挿入された略Ｕ字形状の金属片（ヒューズエレメント（可溶体））であり、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。そして、この弁部材１１５は、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱し、この熱により当該弁部材１１５自体が溶融して外装部材１０６、１０７の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。この弁部材１１５を構成する材料としては、例えば、鉛、錫又はこれらの合金等を挙げることが出来る。   The valve member 115 is heat-sealed in a state sandwiched between the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107, so that the exterior member 106, 107 passes through the inside and the outside of the secondary battery. An inserted substantially U-shaped metal piece (fuse element (soluble body)) is provided on the connection circuit 109. The valve member 115 generates heat due to the current flowing through the connection circuit 109 when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage. The heat causes the valve member 115 itself to melt and the exterior member 106. 107 can communicate with the outside. Examples of the material constituting the valve member 115 include lead, tin, and alloys thereof.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池１０の過電圧に基づいて外装部材１０６、１０７の内部を外部に連通させることにより、二次電池１０の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the interior of the exterior members 106 and 107 is communicated with the outside based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery 10, thereby maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery 10 appropriately. Gas can be released as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands during charging.

本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１５が本発明における発熱手段及び連通手段に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, and the valve member 115 corresponds to heat generation means and communication means in the present invention.

なお、弁部材１１５の代わりに、例えばコイル状のニクロム線や熱伝導性に優れた金属材料から成る金属箔等で構成される略Ｕ字形状の発熱体を用いても良い。この発熱体を二次電池の内部と外部とを貫通するように外装部材１０６、１０７に挿入して、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９に流れる電流により当該発熱体が発熱して、熱融着された上部外装部材１０６の内側層１０６ａと下部外装部材１０７の内側層とを溶融させることにより、二次電池の内部と外部とを連通させても良い。   Instead of the valve member 115, for example, a substantially U-shaped heating element made of a coiled nichrome wire or a metal foil made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity may be used. The heating element is inserted into the exterior members 106 and 107 so as to penetrate the inside and outside of the secondary battery, and the current flowing through the connection circuit 109 when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage. The heat generating body generates heat, and the inner layer 106a of the upper exterior member 106 and the inner layer of the lower exterior member 107 that are heat-fused are melted, so that the inside and the outside of the secondary battery are communicated. good.

この場合には、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、発熱体が本発明における発熱手段に相当し、溶融する外装部材１０６、１０７の内側層が本発明における連通手段に相当する。   In this case, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to the current supply means in the present invention, the heating element corresponds to the heat generation means in the present invention, and the inner layers of the melting exterior members 106 and 107 communicate with each other in the present invention. Corresponds to means.

［第６実施形態］
図１３は本発明の第６実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す平面図、図１４は図１３のXIV部の拡大平面図である。 [Sixth Embodiment]
FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the thin battery according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view of the XIV portion of FIG.

本発明の第６実施形態に係る二次電池１０’は、弁部材１１５の代わりに、弁部材１１６を有し、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が二次電池１０’の内部に配置されている点で上述の第５実施形態に係る二次電池と相違するが、その他の構成は第５実施形態に係る二次電池と同一である。以下に第６実施形態に係る二次電池１０’について第５実施形態に係る二次電池との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery 10 ′ according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a valve member 116 instead of the valve member 115, and the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 are disposed inside the secondary battery 10 ′. In that respect, it is different from the secondary battery according to the fifth embodiment described above, but the other configurations are the same as those of the secondary battery according to the fifth embodiment. Only the differences between the secondary battery 10 'according to the sixth embodiment and the secondary battery according to the fifth embodiment will be described below.

本実施形態に係る二次電池１０’は、図１３及び図１４に示すように、第５実施形態における弁部材１１５の代わりに、弁部材１１６を有している。   As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the secondary battery 10 ′ according to the present embodiment has a valve member 116 instead of the valve member 115 in the fifth embodiment.

弁部材１１６は、上部外装部材１０６と下部外装部材１０７との間に挟まれた状態で熱融着されることにより、二次電池１０’の内部と外部とを貫通するように外装部材１０６、１０７に挿入された例えば円柱状の金属片（ヒューズエレメント（可溶体））であり、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。   The valve member 116 is heat-sealed in a state sandwiched between the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107, so that the exterior member 106, so as to penetrate the inside and the outside of the secondary battery 10 ', For example, a cylindrical metal piece (fuse element (fusible element)) inserted into the connection 107 is provided on the connection circuit 109.

さらに、本実施形態では、この弁部材１１６と負極端子１０５との間の接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が、二次電池１０’の内部に配置されている。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 between the valve member 116 and the negative electrode terminal 105 are disposed inside the secondary battery 10 ′.

弁部材１１６は、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱して、その熱により当該弁部材１１６自体が溶融して外装部材１０６、１０７の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。この弁部材１１６を構成する材料としては、例えば、鉛、錫又はこれらの合金等を挙げることが出来る。   The valve member 116 generates heat due to the current flowing through the connection circuit 109 when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the Zener voltage, and the valve member 116 itself melts due to the heat, and the exterior members 106 and 107 are heated. It is possible to communicate between the inside and the outside. Examples of the material constituting the valve member 116 include lead, tin, and alloys thereof.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池１０’の過電圧に基づいて、外装部材１０６、１０７の内部を外部に連通させることにより、二次電池１０’の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the sealing performance of the secondary battery 10 ′ is appropriately maintained by connecting the exterior members 106 and 107 to the outside based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery 10 ′. However, the gas can be released as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands during overcharging.

本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１６が本発明における発熱手段及び連通手段に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, and the valve member 116 corresponds to heat generation means and communication means in the present invention.

なお、弁部材１１６の代わりに、例えばコイル状のニクロム線や熱伝導性に優れた金属材料から成る金属箔等で構成される例えば円柱形状の発熱体を用いても良い。この発熱体を二次電池１０’の内部と外部とを貫通するように外装部材１０６、１０７に挿入し、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９に流れる電流により当該発熱体が発熱して、熱融着された上部外装部材１０６の内側層１０６ａと下部外装部材１０７の内側層とを溶融させることにより、二次電池１０’の内部と外部とを連通させても良い。   Instead of the valve member 116, for example, a cylindrical heating element made of, for example, a coiled nichrome wire or a metal foil made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity may be used. This heating element is inserted into the exterior members 106 and 107 so as to penetrate the inside and outside of the secondary battery 10 ′, and flows into the connection circuit 109 when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage. The heating element generates heat due to an electric current, and the inner layer 106a of the upper exterior member 106 and the inner layer of the lower exterior member 107 are melted to communicate the inside and the outside of the secondary battery 10 '. You may let them.

この場合には、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、発熱体が本発明における発熱手段に相当し、溶融する外装部材１０６、１０７の内側層が本発明における連通手段に相当する。   In this case, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to the current supply means in the present invention, the heating element corresponds to the heat generation means in the present invention, and the inner layers of the melting exterior members 106 and 107 communicate with each other in the present invention. Corresponds to means.

［第７実施形態］
図１５は本発明の第７実施形態に係る薄型電池における図３に対応した拡大平面図、図１６は本発明の第７実施形態に係る薄型電池の部分斜視図である。 [Seventh Embodiment]
FIG. 15 is an enlarged plan view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the thin battery according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a partial perspective view of the thin battery according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の第７実施形態に係る二次電池は、弁部材１１１の代わりに、発熱体１１９を有する点で上述の第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と相違するが、その他の構成は第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と同一である。以下に、第７実施形態に係る二次電池について、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in that it has a heating element 119 instead of the valve member 111. This is the same as the secondary battery 10 according to the embodiment. Below, only the difference between the secondary battery according to the seventh embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.

本実施形態に係る二次電池は、図１５及び図１６に示すように、第１実施形態における弁部材１１１の代わりに、発熱体１１９を有している。   As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the secondary battery according to the present embodiment includes a heating element 119 instead of the valve member 111 in the first embodiment.

発熱体１１９は、略Ｕ字形状の断面を有しており、熱融着された外装部材１０６、１０７の外周縁の一部を挟み込むように配置されており、接続回路１０９上に設けられている。この発熱体１１９は、例えば、コイル状のニクロム線や熱伝導性に優れた金属材料から成る金属箔等で構成されており、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった場合に接続回路１０９を流れる電流により発熱することが可能となっている。   The heating element 119 has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is disposed so as to sandwich a part of the outer peripheral edge of the heat-sealed exterior members 106 and 107, and is provided on the connection circuit 109. Yes. The heating element 119 is made of, for example, a coiled nichrome wire or a metal foil made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity, and when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the zener voltage. Heat can be generated by the current flowing through the connection circuit 109.

そして、この第７実施形態に係る二次電池では、電極端子１０４、１０５間の電位差がツェナー電圧以上となった際に接続回路１０９に流れる電流により発熱体１１９が発熱し、当該発熱体１１９に挟まれた上部外装部材１０６の内側層１０６ａと下部外装部材１０７の内側層とを溶融させることにより、二次電池１０の内部と外部とを連通させることが可能となっている。   In the secondary battery according to the seventh embodiment, when the potential difference between the electrode terminals 104 and 105 becomes equal to or higher than the Zener voltage, the heating element 119 generates heat due to the current flowing through the connection circuit 109, and the heating element 119 By melting the sandwiched inner layer 106 a of the upper exterior member 106 and the inner layer of the lower exterior member 107, the inside and the outside of the secondary battery 10 can be communicated with each other.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池の過電圧に基づいて、外装部材１０６、１０７の内部を外部に連通させることにより、二次電池の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, overcharge is performed while appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery by communicating the inside of the exterior members 106 and 107 to the outside based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery. Sometimes gas can be released as soon as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands.

なお、本実施形態では、接続回路１０９及びツェナーダイオード１１０が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、発熱体１１９が本発明における発熱手段に相当し、溶融する外装部材１０６、１０７の内側層が本発明における連通手段に相当する。   In the present embodiment, the connection circuit 109 and the Zener diode 110 correspond to the current supply means in the present invention, the heating element 119 corresponds to the heat generation means in the present invention, and the inner layers of the melting exterior members 106 and 107 are the main layers. This corresponds to the communication means in the invention.

［第８実施形態］
図１７は本発明の第８実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す図である。 [Eighth Embodiment]
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a thin battery according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の第８実施形態に係る二次電池１０”は、ツェナーダイオード１１０の代わりに、スイッチ１２０及びコントローラ１２１を有する点で上述の第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と相違するが、その他の構成は第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０と同一である。以下に、第８実施形態に係る二次電池１０”について、第１実施形態に係る二次電池１０との相違点のみを説明する。   The secondary battery 10 ″ according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in that it includes a switch 120 and a controller 121 instead of the Zener diode 110. Is the same as that of the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, only the difference between the secondary battery 10 "according to the eighth embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. explain.

本実施形態に係る二次電池１０”は、図１７に示すように、第１実施形態におけるツェナーダイオード１１０の代わりに、スイッチ１２０及びコントローラ１２１を有している。   As shown in FIG. 17, the secondary battery 10 ″ according to the present embodiment includes a switch 120 and a controller 121 instead of the Zener diode 110 in the first embodiment.

スイッチ１２０は、二次電池１０”の正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５とを接続する接続回路１０９上に設けられており、コントローラ１２１の制御信号に基づいて当該回路１０９を開閉することが可能となっている。   The switch 120 is provided on a connection circuit 109 that connects the positive terminal 104 and the negative terminal 105 of the secondary battery 10 ″, and can open and close the circuit 109 based on a control signal from the controller 121. ing.

コントローラ１２１は、二次電池１０”の正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５との電位差を検出可能なように、接続回路１０９とは別の回路上に設けられている。また、このコントローラ１２１は、スイッチ１２０の開閉を制御可能となっており、検出した前記電位差に基づいてスイッチ１２０の開閉制御を行うことが可能となっている。   The controller 121 is provided on a circuit different from the connection circuit 109 so that a potential difference between the positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105 of the secondary battery 10 ″ can be detected. The opening / closing of the switch 120 can be controlled, and the opening / closing control of the switch 120 can be performed based on the detected potential difference.

具体的には、このコントローラ１２１は、検出した電位差を所定電圧値と比較し、電位差が所定電圧値より小さい場合には、スイッチ１２０を開くように制御するのに対し、電位差が所定電圧値以上である場合には、スイッチ１２０を閉じるように制御する。この比較に用いられる所定電圧値は、薄型電池１０”の通常使用範囲の電圧以上であり、且つ、電解液が分解してガスが発生する電圧以下に設定されている。   Specifically, the controller 121 compares the detected potential difference with a predetermined voltage value. When the potential difference is smaller than the predetermined voltage value, the controller 121 controls to open the switch 120, whereas the potential difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage value. If so, the switch 120 is controlled to close. The predetermined voltage value used for this comparison is set to be equal to or higher than the voltage in the normal use range of the thin battery 10 ″ and lower than the voltage at which the electrolyte is decomposed to generate gas.

以上のような構成の薄型電池１０”では、過充電時に正極端子１０４と負極端子１０５との電位差が所定電圧値以上となると、コントローラ１２１がスイッチ１２０を閉じるように制御し、薄型電池１０”に蓄積されたエネルギーを利用して接続回路１０９に電流が流れ、当該回路１０９上に設けられた弁部材１１１に電流が供給される。そして、このように電流が供給された弁部材１１１は、それ自体が発熱して溶融することにより、それまで閉塞していた開口１０６ｄを開放させて、外装部材１０６、１０７の内部と外部とを連通させる。   In the thin battery 10 ″ configured as described above, when the potential difference between the positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105 exceeds a predetermined voltage value during overcharge, the controller 121 controls the switch 120 to close, and the thin battery 10 ″ A current flows through the connection circuit 109 using the stored energy, and the current is supplied to the valve member 111 provided on the circuit 109. The valve member 111 supplied with the current in this way generates heat and melts itself, thereby opening the opening 106d that has been closed so far, and connecting the interior and exterior of the exterior members 106 and 107. Communicate.

以上のように、本実施形態では、二次電池１０の過電圧に基づいて上部外装部材１０６の開口１０６ｄを開放させることにより、二次電池１０の封止性能を適切に維持しながら、過充電時に内圧上昇や外装部材の膨張等が発生する前に出来る限り早期にガスを放出させることが出来る。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the opening 106d of the upper exterior member 106 is opened based on the overvoltage of the secondary battery 10, thereby appropriately maintaining the sealing performance of the secondary battery 10 and during overcharging. Gas can be released as early as possible before the internal pressure rises or the exterior member expands.

本実施形態では、接続回路１０９、スイッチ１２０及びコントローラ１２１が本発明における電流供給手段に相当し、弁部材１１１が本発明における発熱手段及び連通手段に相当する。   In this embodiment, the connection circuit 109, the switch 120, and the controller 121 correspond to current supply means in the present invention, and the valve member 111 corresponds to heat generation means and communication means in the present invention.

なお、以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするために記載されたものであって、本発明を限定するために記載されたものではない。したがって、上記の実施形態に開示された各要素は、本発明の技術的範囲に属する全ての設計変更や均等物をも含む趣旨である。   The embodiment described above is described for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

例えば、第８実施形態では、発熱手段及び連通手段として第１実施形態と同様の弁部材１１１を用いるように説明したが、本発明においては特に限定されず、第２〜第７実施形態で説明した弁部材１１２〜１１６や発熱体１１７〜１１９を用いて構成しても良い。   For example, in the eighth embodiment, it has been described that the valve member 111 similar to that of the first embodiment is used as the heat generating means and the communication means, but is not particularly limited in the present invention, and will be described in the second to seventh embodiments. The valve members 112 to 116 and the heating elements 117 to 119 may be used.

また、以上の実施形態では、薄型電池が過電圧となった際に、当該電池自体に蓄積されたエネルギーを利用して弁部材や発熱体に電流を供給するように説明したが、本発明においては特にこれに限定されず、例えば、薄型電池とは独立した電源等から弁部材や発熱体に電流を供給するようにしても良い。   In the above embodiment, when the thin battery is overvoltage, the energy stored in the battery itself is used to supply current to the valve member and the heating element. However, in the present invention, In particular, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a current may be supplied to the valve member or the heating element from a power source independent of the thin battery.

図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the thin battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、図１のII-II線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 図３は、図１のIII部の拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion III in FIG. 図４は、図３のIV-IV線に沿った断面図である。4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 図５は、本発明の第２実施形態に係る薄型電池の拡大平面図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a thin battery according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 図６は、図５のVI-VI線に沿った断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 図７は、本発明の第３実施形態に係る薄型電池の拡大平面図である。FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a thin battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 図８は、図７のVIII-VIII線に沿った断面図である。8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 図９は、本発明の第４実施形態に係る薄型電池の拡大平面図である。FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view of a thin battery according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 図１０は、図９のX-X線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 図１１は、本発明の第５実施形態に係る薄型電池の拡大平面図である。FIG. 11 is an enlarged plan view of a thin battery according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 図１２は、図１１のXII-XII線に沿った断面図である。12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 図１３は、本発明の第６実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す平面図である。FIG. 13 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a thin battery according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. 図１４は、図１３のXIV部の拡大平面図である。FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view of the XIV portion of FIG. 図１５は、本発明の第７実施形態に係る薄型電池の拡大平面図である。FIG. 15 is an enlarged plan view of a thin battery according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. 図１６は、本発明の第７実施形態に係る薄型電池の部分斜視図である。FIG. 16 is a partial perspective view of a thin battery according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. 図１７は、本発明の第８実施形態に係る薄型電池の全体の構成を示す図である。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a thin battery according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０、１０’、１０”…二次電池
１０１…正極板
１０１ａ…正極側集電体
１０１ｂ、１０１ｃ…正極層
１０２…セパレータ
１０３…負極側集電体
１０３ａ…負極側集電体
１０３ｂ、１０３ｃ…負極層
１０４…正極端子
１０５…負極端子
１０６…上部外装部材
１０６ａ…内側層
１０６ｂ…中間層
１０６ｃ…外側層
１０６ｄ…開口
１０６ｅ…未シール部
１０７…下部外装部材
１０８…発電要素
１０９…接続回路
１１０…ツェナーダイオード
１１１〜１１６…弁部材
１１７〜１１９…発熱体
１２０…スイッチ
１２１…コントローラ

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10 ', 10 "... Secondary battery 101 ... Positive electrode plate 101a ... Positive electrode side collector 101b, 101c ... Positive electrode layer 102 ... Separator 103 ... Negative electrode side collector 103a ... Negative electrode side collector 103b, 103c ... Negative electrode Layer 104 ... Positive electrode terminal 105 ... Negative electrode terminal 106 ... Upper exterior member 106a ... Inner layer 106b ... Intermediate layer 106c ... Outer layer 106d ... Opening 106e ... Unsealed portion 107 ... Lower exterior member 108 ... Power generation element 109 ... Connection circuit 110 ... Zener Diode 111-116 ... Valve member 117-119 ... Heating element 120 ... Switch 121 ... Controller

Claims (12)

セパレータを介して積層された正極板及び負極板を有する発電要素と、
前記発電要素を収容して封止する外装部材と、
前記正極板及び前記負極板にそれぞれ接続されて前記外装部材から外部に導出している正極端子及び負極端子と、を備えた二次電池であって、
前記二次電池の過充電時に電流が供給されて発熱する発熱手段と、
前記発熱手段に電流を供給する電流供給手段と、
前記外装部材の一部に設けられ、前記発熱手段によって発生した熱で開口することにより前記外装部材の内部と外部とを連通させる連通手段と、をさらに備えた二次電池。 A power generation element having a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate laminated via a separator;
An exterior member that houses and seals the power generation element;
A positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal that are respectively connected to the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate and led out from the exterior member, and a secondary battery comprising:
A heating means for generating heat when current is supplied during overcharging of the secondary battery;
Current supply means for supplying current to the heat generating means;
A secondary battery, further comprising: a communication unit that is provided in a part of the exterior member and opens the heat generated by the heat generating unit to communicate the interior and the exterior of the exterior member. 前記電流供給手段は、前記二次電池の電圧が所定電圧値以上となった場合に、前記発熱手段に電流を供給する請求項１記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the current supply means supplies current to the heat generating means when the voltage of the secondary battery becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value. 前記電流供給手段は、前記正極端子と前記負極端子とを電気的に接続する接続回路を有し、
前記発熱手段は、前記接続回路上に設けられ、
前記電流供給手段は、前記正極端子と前記負極端子との電位差が前記所定電圧値以上となった場合に、前記接続回路を介して前記発熱手段に電流を供給する請求項１又は２記載の二次電池。 The current supply means has a connection circuit that electrically connects the positive terminal and the negative terminal,
The heating means is provided on the connection circuit,
3. The current supply unit according to claim 1, wherein the current supply unit supplies a current to the heat generation unit via the connection circuit when a potential difference between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage value. Next battery. 前記電流供給手段は、前記接続回路上に設けられたツェナーダイオードをさらに有し、
前記ツェナーダイオードは、前記正極端子と前記負極端子との電位差が前記所定電圧値以上となった場合に、前記接続回路を介して前記発熱手段に電流を供給する請求項３記載の二次電池。 The current supply means further includes a Zener diode provided on the connection circuit,
4. The secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein the Zener diode supplies a current to the heat generating means via the connection circuit when a potential difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage value. 前記電流供給手段は、
前記接続回路を電気的に開閉するスイッチ手段と、
前記正極端子と前記負極端子との電位差を検出する電圧センサと、
前記電圧センサによる検出結果に基づいて前記スイッチ手段の開閉を制御する制御手段と、をさらに有する請求項３記載の二次電池。 The current supply means includes
Switch means for electrically opening and closing the connection circuit;
A voltage sensor for detecting a potential difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal;
The secondary battery according to claim 3, further comprising control means for controlling opening and closing of the switch means based on a detection result by the voltage sensor. 前記連通手段は、前記発熱手段の発熱で溶融することにより前記外装部材の内部と外部とを連通させる請求項１〜５の何れかに記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the communication means causes the interior and exterior of the exterior member to communicate with each other by melting with heat generated by the heat generation means. 前記発熱手段及び前記連通手段は、前記外装部材に形成された開口を閉塞するように設けられた金属箔である請求項６記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to claim 6, wherein the heat generating unit and the communication unit are metal foils provided so as to close an opening formed in the exterior member. 前記発熱手段及び前記連通手段は、前記外装部材の内部と外部とを貫通するように前記外装部材に挿入された金属片である請求項７記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein the heat generating unit and the communication unit are metal pieces inserted into the exterior member so as to penetrate the interior and the exterior of the exterior member. 前記連通手段は、前記外装部材に形成された開口を閉塞するように設けられた合成樹脂製部材である請求項６記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to claim 6, wherein the communication means is a synthetic resin member provided so as to close an opening formed in the exterior member. 前記外装部材は、前記発電要素を挟んだ状態で上部外装部材及び下部外装部材のそれぞれの樹脂層を外周縁で熱融着することにより前記発電要素を内部に封止しており、
前記連通手段は、当該熱融着された外装部材の樹脂層である請求項６記載の二次電池。 The exterior member seals the power generation element inside by thermally fusing the respective resin layers of the upper exterior member and the lower exterior member at the outer peripheral edge with the power generation element sandwiched therebetween,
The secondary battery according to claim 6, wherein the communication means is a resin layer of the heat-sealed exterior member. 前記発熱手段は、前記連通手段を囲むように配置されている請求項９又は１０記載の二次電池。   The secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the heat generating unit is disposed so as to surround the communication unit. 前記発熱手段は、前記外装部材の内部と外部とを貫通するように挿入されている請求項１０記載の二次電池。

The secondary battery according to claim 10, wherein the heat generating means is inserted so as to penetrate the inside and the outside of the exterior member.

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