JP2006170498A

JP2006170498A - Refrigerant natural circulation type heating system

Info

Publication number: JP2006170498A
Application number: JP2004361636A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Setsuo Kaneda; 節夫兼田; Naoto Sumi; 直人隅; Kosuke Nishihata; 康介西端
Original assignee: Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
Current assignee: Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
Priority date: 2004-12-14
Filing date: 2004-12-14
Publication date: 2006-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-14
Also published as: JP3847314B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly start heating operation without impairing economic efficiency when the operation is performed by starting a part of a plurality of indoor units. <P>SOLUTION: The temperature difference between supply air temperature and return air temperature to a use-side heat exchanger is calculated by a temperature difference calculating means 16 after starting the heating operation, the inability to start is judged when the temperature difference is not agreed with steady transition temperature difference which is judged to be a state transitable to a steady heating operation state, even after the lapse of a set time after the starting, a start inability signal is output from a start inability discriminating means 19, an indoor unit in a heating operation stop state is selected by a support indoor unit selecting means 20, and a start supporting signal is output to open an opening and closing valve 7 of the corresponding indoor unit. Thus the refrigerant liquid is released from a refrigerant gas pipe in an early stage by utilizing the indoor unit in the heating operation stop state, and the starting is performed and transited to the heating operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、蒸発器と、複数個の室内ユニットに備えられている利用側熱交換器との間で、気体と液体とに相変化する冷媒を自然循環により流動させて暖房を行う冷媒自然循環式暖房システムに関する。 The present invention relates to natural refrigerant circulation in which heating is performed by flowing a refrigerant that changes in phase between gas and liquid by natural circulation between an evaporator and a use-side heat exchanger provided in a plurality of indoor units. The present invention relates to a heating system.

上述のような冷媒自然循環式暖房システムでは、室内ユニットを起動しようとしたときに、実際に所定温度の温調空気が吹き出されるまでに時間がかかる問題があった。これは、暖房運転を停止している間に冷媒ガス配管内に冷媒液が発生して溜まり、その溜まった冷媒液により冷媒の自然循環が損なわれ、冷媒液が冷媒ガス配管内から抜けるのに時間を要するためである。 In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system as described above, there is a problem that it takes time until the temperature-controlled air at a predetermined temperature is actually blown when the indoor unit is started. This is because the refrigerant liquid is generated and accumulated in the refrigerant gas pipe while the heating operation is stopped, and the natural refrigerant circulation is impaired by the accumulated refrigerant liquid, and the refrigerant liquid escapes from the refrigerant gas pipe. This is because it takes time.

そこで、冷媒を自然循環させて冷房を行う場合に、冷媒の自然循環を行わせようとするために冷媒液配管内に混入した冷媒ガスを抜くものとして、従来、次のようなものが知られている。
最も下方に位置する室内機（室内ユニット）への入口付近において、冷媒液配管内の圧力を測定する圧力センサを設け、暖房運転が停止されている間中、冷媒液配管内の圧力をモニタリングし、その測定圧力が所定圧力よりも低くなったときに膨張弁を開き、冷媒液配管内に発生した冷媒ガスを抜くように構成されている（特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, when the refrigerant is naturally circulated for cooling, conventionally, the following is known as a method for removing the refrigerant gas mixed in the refrigerant liquid pipe in order to cause the refrigerant to circulate naturally. ing.
A pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the refrigerant liquid pipe is provided near the entrance to the indoor unit (indoor unit) located at the lowest position, and the pressure in the refrigerant liquid pipe is monitored while the heating operation is stopped. The expansion valve is opened when the measured pressure becomes lower than a predetermined pressure, and the refrigerant gas generated in the refrigerant liquid pipe is extracted (see Patent Document 1).

また、室内空調機（室内ユニット）の熱交換器に冷媒を供給する供給管内の圧力と帰還管内の圧力との圧力差を求め、その圧力差が一定値以下になったときに、熱交換器への冷媒の供給量を制御する電磁弁を開放し、供給管内に溜まった冷媒ガスを帰還管に排出するように構成されている（特許文献２参照）。
特開２０００−２９２０２５号公報特開平７−１５１３５３号公報 Further, the pressure difference between the pressure in the supply pipe for supplying the refrigerant to the heat exchanger of the indoor air conditioner (indoor unit) and the pressure in the return pipe is obtained, and when the pressure difference becomes a certain value or less, the heat exchanger An electromagnetic valve for controlling the amount of refrigerant supplied to the engine is opened, and the refrigerant gas accumulated in the supply pipe is discharged to the return pipe (see Patent Document 2).
JP 2000-292025 A JP-A-7-151353

しかしながら、上述のような前者の従来例の場合、中間期や冬期などのように、複数個の室内ユニットのうちの一部のもので短時間しか暖房運転を行わず、暖房運転を停止していることが多いような場合にも、冷媒ガスが溜まると最も下方に位置する室内機への膨張弁を開くことになる。このように膨張弁の開閉頻度が高くなると、特定の膨張弁といえども、その膨張弁が早期に損傷しやすくなるとともに、保守点検に手間と費用がかかり経済性が低下する欠点があった。また、この膨張弁の開閉によっても、起動しようとした室内ユニットにおいて起動不良を生じた場合には、即座に起動不良と判断されて保守が必要になり、同様に経済性が低下する欠点があった。 However, in the case of the former conventional example as described above, the heating operation is performed only for a short time in a part of the plurality of indoor units, such as in the intermediate period or winter period, and the heating operation is stopped. Even in such a case, when the refrigerant gas accumulates, the expansion valve to the indoor unit located at the lowest position is opened. Thus, when the frequency of opening and closing the expansion valve is high, there is a drawback that even if a specific expansion valve is used, the expansion valve is likely to be damaged at an early stage, and maintenance and inspection are troublesome and expensive, resulting in a reduction in economic efficiency. In addition, even when the expansion valve is opened and closed, if an activation failure occurs in the indoor unit to be activated, it is immediately judged as an activation failure and maintenance is required, and there is a disadvantage that the economy is similarly reduced. It was.

また、後者の従来例の場合、複数個の室内ユニットすべての電磁弁を開閉するものであり、前者の従来例の場合に比べて、経済性がより一層低下する欠点があった。
上述従来例は、いずれも冷媒を自然循環させて冷房を行う場合のものであり、冷媒を自然循環させて暖房を行う場合について起動時に冷媒の自然循環への移行を速やかに行わせようとするものについては、従来無かった。 In the latter conventional example, the solenoid valves of all of the plurality of indoor units are opened and closed, and there is a disadvantage that the economy is further reduced as compared with the former conventional example.
The above-described conventional examples are cases where cooling is performed by natural circulation of the refrigerant, and in the case where heating is performed by natural circulation of the refrigerant, an attempt is made to promptly shift the refrigerant to natural circulation at the time of startup. There has never been a thing in the past.

本発明は、上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであって、請求項１および２に係る発明は、複数個の室内ユニットの一部を起動して暖房運転を行う場合に、経済性を低下せずに良好に起動できるようにすることを目的とし、請求項３に係る発明は、冷媒循環系統の異常などを早期に見出してトラブル発生を未然に防止できるようにすることを目的とし、請求項４および５に係る発明は、起動不良を有効に解消できるようにすることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the inventions according to claims 1 and 2 reduce the economic efficiency when a part of the plurality of indoor units is activated to perform the heating operation. The invention according to claim 3 aims to be able to find out abnormalities in the refrigerant circulation system at an early stage and prevent troubles from occurring. It is an object of the inventions according to Items 4 and 5 to be able to effectively eliminate the startup failure.

請求項１に係る発明は、上述のような目的を達成するために、
気体と液体とに相変化する冷媒を凝縮液化して温熱を放熱する利用側熱交換器を備えた室内ユニットを複数個設け、前記利用側熱交換器と、冷媒を蒸発気化する蒸発器とを冷媒液配管と冷媒ガス配管とを介して接続し、前記蒸発器を前記利用側熱交換器よりも下方に配置し、前記蒸発器と前記利用側熱交換器との間に、自然循環により前記蒸発器で蒸発気化した冷媒ガスを前記利用側熱交換器に移送するとともに、前記利用側熱交換器で凝縮液化した冷媒液を前記蒸発器に移送するに足るヘッド差を備え、前記利用側熱交換器に供給する冷媒ガス量を調整する開閉弁を設けた冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
前記利用側熱交換器から吹き出される温調空気の給気温度を測定する給気温度センサと、
前記利用側熱交換器に戻される温調空気の還気温度を測定する還気温度センサと、
前記還気温度センサで測定される還気温度と前記給気温度センサで測定される給気温度との差を算出する温度差算出手段と、
前記温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差になったときに定常暖房運転移行信号を出力する比較手段と、
暖房運転の起動後に前記比較手段からの定常暖房運転移行信号に応答して前記開閉弁の開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な開度に切り換える開度制御手段と、
暖房運転の起動後設定時間経過しても前記温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差にならなかったときに起動不能信号を出力する起動不能判別手段と、
前記起動不能判別手段からの起動不能信号に応答して、起動予定の室内ユニットと暖房運転状態の室内ユニットとを除いた室内ユニットのうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニットを選出して選出された室内ユニットに起動支援信号を出力し該当する室内ユニットの開閉弁を開く支援室内ユニット選出手段とを備えて構成する。
ここで、「起動予定の室内ユニット」とは、暖房運転を起動しようとした室内ユニットのことをいう。また、「起動予定の室内ユニットと暖房運転状態の室内ユニットとを除いた室内ユニット」とは、運転を停止している室内ユニットに限らず、換気モードで運転している状態の室内ユニット、ならびに、冷房をも行う室内ユニットの場合には、冷房モードで運転している状態の室内ユニットをも含む（以下、同じであり、暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニットということもある）。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1
A plurality of indoor units including a use side heat exchanger that condenses and liquefies a refrigerant that changes phase into a gas and a liquid to dissipate heat are provided, and the use side heat exchanger and an evaporator that evaporates and evaporates the refrigerant. The refrigerant liquid pipe and the refrigerant gas pipe are connected to each other, the evaporator is disposed below the use side heat exchanger, and the natural circulation between the evaporator and the use side heat exchanger allows the The refrigerant gas evaporated by the evaporator is transferred to the use side heat exchanger, and the use side heat is provided with a head difference sufficient to transfer the refrigerant liquid condensed and liquefied by the use side heat exchanger to the evaporator. In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system provided with an on-off valve for adjusting the amount of refrigerant gas supplied to the exchanger,
A supply air temperature sensor for measuring a supply air temperature of the temperature-controlled air blown out from the use side heat exchanger;
A return air temperature sensor for measuring the return air temperature of the temperature-controlled air returned to the use side heat exchanger;
A temperature difference calculating means for calculating a difference between the return air temperature measured by the return air temperature sensor and the supply air temperature measured by the supply air temperature sensor;
Comparison means for outputting a steady heating operation transition signal when the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculation means becomes a steady transition temperature difference that can be determined to be a state capable of transition to the steady heating operation state;
An opening degree control means for switching the opening degree of the on-off valve to a required opening degree in a steady heating operation state in response to a steady heating operation transition signal from the comparison means after activation of the heating operation;
Even if a set time elapses after the start of heating operation, a start impossible signal is output when the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means does not become a steady transition temperature difference that can be determined to be a state capable of shifting to the steady heating operation state. A non-startable discrimination means to
In response to the start disable signal from the start disable determination means, the indoor unit selected by selecting a high priority indoor unit among the indoor units excluding the indoor unit scheduled to start and the indoor unit in the heating operation state. And a support indoor unit selection means for outputting a start support signal to the unit and opening an opening / closing valve of the corresponding indoor unit.
Here, the “indoor unit scheduled to start” refers to an indoor unit that is about to start the heating operation. In addition, the “indoor unit excluding the indoor unit scheduled to start and the indoor unit in the heating operation state” is not limited to the indoor unit that has stopped the operation, but the indoor unit that is operating in the ventilation mode, and In the case of an indoor unit that also performs cooling, the indoor unit that is operating in the cooling mode is also included (hereinafter, the same and may be referred to as an indoor unit in a heating operation stopped state).

定常移行温度差としては、温度センサの取付位置や応答性の良し悪しなどによってバラツキがあるが、定常暖房運転状態での温度差（例えば、１０℃）をＴとしたときに、その２５％（０．２５）以上である。２５％未満では、冷媒液の抜けが不十分になるからである。 The steady-state transition temperature difference varies depending on the mounting position of the temperature sensor and whether the responsiveness is good or bad, but when the temperature difference (for example, 10 ° C.) in the steady heating operation state is T, 25% ( 0.25) or more. This is because if it is less than 25%, the refrigerant liquid is insufficiently removed.

（作用・効果）
請求項１に係る発明の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムの構成によれば、暖房運転を起動し、設定時間経過しても温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差にならなかったときに起動不能と判断し、起動予定の室内ユニットと暖房運転状態の室内ユニットとを除いた室内ユニット、すなわち、暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニットのうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニットの開閉弁を開き、冷媒ガス配管内の冷媒液を冷媒液配管側に抜く冷媒ガス配管の径を実質的に拡大し、冷媒液が抜けやすいようにする。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heating operation is started, and the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means can shift to the steady heating operation state even if the set time has elapsed. It is determined that it is impossible to start when the steady transition temperature difference that can be determined as the state is not reached, and the indoor unit excluding the indoor unit scheduled to start and the indoor unit in the heating operation state, that is, among the indoor units in the heating operation stopped state The opening / closing valve of the indoor unit having a higher priority is opened, the diameter of the refrigerant gas pipe that draws the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant gas pipe to the refrigerant liquid pipe side is substantially enlarged, and the refrigerant liquid is easily removed.

したがって、暖房運転を起動したときにのみ暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニットの開閉弁を開くから、中間期や夏期などのように、暖房運転の頻度が少ないときに、開閉弁の開閉を必要最小限にして暖房運転を起動できる。そのうえ、暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニットを利用して起動を促進するから、複数個の室内ユニットの一部を起動して暖房運転を行う場合に、開閉弁の開閉頻度を極力少なくして、経済性を低下せずに良好に起動できる。
しかも、冷媒が自然循環を開始し、定常暖房運転状態に移行可能であるかどうかを、利用側熱交換器から吹き出される温調空気の給気温度と還気温度との温度差に基づいて判断するから、安価な温度センサを用いることができ、この点でも経済性を向上できる。 Therefore, since the opening / closing valve of the indoor unit in the heating operation stop state is opened only when the heating operation is started, the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve is minimized when the frequency of the heating operation is low, such as in the intermediate period or summer season. And heating operation can be started. In addition, since the activation is promoted by using the indoor unit in the heating operation stop state, when the heating operation is performed by starting a part of the plurality of indoor units, the opening / closing frequency of the on-off valve is reduced as much as possible. Starts well without degrading performance.
In addition, based on the temperature difference between the supply air temperature and the return air temperature of the temperature-controlled air blown from the use side heat exchanger, whether or not the refrigerant starts natural circulation and can be shifted to the steady heating operation state. Therefore, an inexpensive temperature sensor can be used, and the economy can be improved in this respect.

また、請求項２に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１に記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
前記支援室内ユニット選出手段から該当する室内ユニットの全てに起動支援信号を出力して支援動作を完了した後にも前記起動不能判別手段からの起動不能信号を受けたときに異常信号を出力する異常判別手段を備えて構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 2
In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to claim 1,
An abnormality determination that outputs an abnormality signal when the activation disable signal is received from the activation disable determination means even after the activation support signal is output to all of the corresponding indoor units from the support indoor unit selection means and the support operation is completed. A means is provided.

（作用・効果）
請求項２に係る発明の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムの構成によれば、暖房運転停止状態の全ての室内ユニットの開閉弁を開いても起動できないときには異常と判断し、そのことを異常信号を出力して知らせることができる。
したがって、冷媒の洩れや開閉弁の作動不良といった冷媒循環系統の異常などを早期に見出すことができ、トラブル発生を未然に防止できる。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the opening / closing valves of all the indoor units in the heating operation stop state are opened, it is determined that there is an abnormality, and this is output as an abnormality signal. Can inform you.
Therefore, abnormalities in the refrigerant circulation system such as refrigerant leakage and malfunction of the on-off valve can be found at an early stage, and troubles can be prevented.

また、請求項３に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１または２に記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
上下方向に高さの異なる位置に室内ユニットを設け、
支援室内ユニット選出手段を、高位置にある室内ユニットほど優先順位が高くなるように設定して構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 3
In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to claim 1 or 2,
Install indoor units at different heights in the vertical direction,
The support indoor unit selection means is configured to be set so that the higher the indoor unit located at a higher position, the higher the priority.

（作用・効果）
請求項３に係る発明の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムの構成によれば、暖房運転停止状態にある室内ユニットのうち、高位置にある室内ユニット、すなわち、蒸発器からの冷媒ガス配管の長さが長い室内ユニットの開閉弁を優先的に開く。
したがって、冷媒ガス配管の長さが長くて溜まる冷媒液量が多い部分の冷媒ガス配管から冷媒液を抜いて蒸発器に回収していくことができるから、冷媒液の抜けが早くなり、起動不良を有効に解消できる。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigerant natural circulation heating system of the invention according to claim 3, among the indoor units in the heating operation stop state, the indoor unit at a high position, that is, the length of the refrigerant gas pipe from the evaporator is Open and close the open / close valve of the long indoor unit with priority.
Therefore, it is possible to remove the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant gas pipe where the refrigerant gas pipe is long and collect a large amount of refrigerant liquid and collect it in the evaporator. Can be resolved effectively.

また、請求項４に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１、２、３のいずれかに記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管に水平方向に距離が異なる状態で室内ユニットを設け、
支援室内ユニット選出手段を、前記鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管から遠い位置にある室内ユニットほど優先順位が高くなるように設定して構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 4
In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
An indoor unit is installed in a state where the distance is different in the horizontal direction in the refrigerant gas pipe in the vertical direction,
The support indoor unit selection means is configured to be set so that the priority is higher in the indoor unit located farther from the vertical refrigerant gas pipe.

（作用・効果）
請求項４に係る発明の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムの構成によれば、暖房運転停止状態にある室内ユニットのうち、鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管から遠い位置にある室内ユニット、すなわち、鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管からの冷媒ガス配管の長さが長い室内ユニットの開閉弁を優先的に開く。
したがって、冷媒ガス配管の長さが長くて溜まる冷媒液量が多い部分の冷媒ガス配管から冷媒液を抜いて蒸発器に回収していくことができるから、冷媒液の抜けが早くなり、起動不良を有効に解消できる。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigerant natural circulation heating system of the invention according to claim 4, among the indoor units in the heating operation stopped state, the indoor unit located far from the vertical refrigerant gas pipe, that is, the vertical refrigerant. Open and close the open / close valve of the indoor unit with a long refrigerant gas pipe from the gas pipe.
Therefore, it is possible to remove the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant gas pipe where the refrigerant gas pipe is long and collect a large amount of refrigerant liquid and collect it in the evaporator. Can be resolved effectively.

請求項１に係る発明の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムの構成によれば、暖房運転を起動し、設定時間経過しても温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差にならなかったときに起動不能と判断し、起動予定の室内ユニットと暖房運転状態の室内ユニットとを除いた室内ユニット、すなわち、暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニットのうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニットの開閉弁を開き、冷媒ガス配管内の冷媒液を冷媒液配管側に抜く冷媒ガス配管の径を実質的に拡大し、冷媒液が抜けやすいようにする。 According to the configuration of the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heating operation is started, and the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means can shift to the steady heating operation state even if the set time has elapsed. It is determined that it is impossible to start when the steady transition temperature difference that can be determined as the state is not reached, and the indoor unit excluding the indoor unit scheduled to start and the indoor unit in the heating operation state, that is, among the indoor units in the heating operation stopped state The opening / closing valve of the indoor unit having a higher priority is opened, the diameter of the refrigerant gas pipe that draws the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant gas pipe to the refrigerant liquid pipe side is substantially enlarged, and the refrigerant liquid is easily removed.

次に、この発明の実施例について図面を参照しながら説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施例に係る冷媒自然循環式暖房システムを示す全体構成図であり、建物の各階それぞれに、暖房能力の異なる複数個の室内ユニット１が設置されている。
室内ユニット１は、気体と液体とに相変化する冷媒を凝縮液化して温熱を放熱する利用側熱交換器２と、室内からの空気を吸い込んで利用側熱交換器２を通過させて吹き出す送風ファン３とを備えて構成されている。 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a plurality of indoor units 1 having different heating capacities are installed on each floor of a building.
The indoor unit 1 condenses and liquefies a refrigerant that changes phase between gas and liquid to dissipate the heat, and blows air that sucks in air from the room and passes through the use side heat exchanger 2 The fan 3 is provided.

最上階の室内ユニット１よりも下方の位置に冷媒を蒸発気化する蒸発器４が設けられ、その蒸発器４と利用側熱交換器２とが冷媒液配管５と冷媒ガス配管６とを介して接続されている。
蒸発器４と利用側熱交換器２との間に、蒸発器４で蒸発気化した冷媒ガスを、自然循環により利用側熱交換器２に移送するとともに、利用側熱交換器２で凝縮液化した冷媒液を蒸発器４に移送するに足るヘッド差が備えられている。 An evaporator 4 for evaporating and evaporating the refrigerant is provided at a position below the indoor unit 1 on the top floor, and the evaporator 4 and the use side heat exchanger 2 are connected via a refrigerant liquid pipe 5 and a refrigerant gas pipe 6. It is connected.
Between the evaporator 4 and the use side heat exchanger 2, the refrigerant gas evaporated by the evaporator 4 is transferred to the use side heat exchanger 2 by natural circulation and is condensed and liquefied by the use side heat exchanger 2. A head difference sufficient to transfer the refrigerant liquid to the evaporator 4 is provided.

冷媒ガス配管６の、利用側熱交換器２それぞれに近い箇所に、利用側熱交換器２に供給する冷媒ガス量を調整する電磁操作型の開閉弁７が設けられている。
開閉弁７として、定常暖房運転状態で必要な最大開度〔室内ユニット１の空調（暖房）能力に応じて特定される〕の１．５倍以上の開き可能開度を有するものが選定されている。 An electromagnetically operated on-off valve 7 that adjusts the amount of refrigerant gas supplied to the usage-side heat exchanger 2 is provided at a location near the usage-side heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant gas pipe 6.
As the on-off valve 7, a valve having an opening that can be opened at least 1.5 times the maximum opening required in the steady heating operation state (specified according to the air conditioning (heating) capacity of the indoor unit 1) is selected. Yes.

室内ユニット１において、図２の拡大図に示すように、利用側熱交換器２の温調空気の下流側に、利用側熱交換器２から吹き出される温調空気の給気温度を測定する給気温度センサ８が設けられ、送風ファン３の温調空気の上流側に、利用側熱交換器２に戻される温調空気の還気温度を測定する還気温度センサ９が設けられている。 In the indoor unit 1, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the supply temperature of the temperature-controlled air blown from the use-side heat exchanger 2 is measured downstream of the temperature-controlled air of the use-side heat exchanger 2. A supply air temperature sensor 8 is provided, and a return air temperature sensor 9 for measuring the return air temperature of the temperature adjustment air returned to the use side heat exchanger 2 is provided upstream of the temperature adjustment air of the blower fan 3. .

また、冷媒液配管５の利用側熱交換器２からの出口に近い箇所に冷媒温度を測定する第１の冷媒温度センサ１０が設けられ、一方、冷媒ガス配管６の利用側熱交換器２への入口に近い箇所に冷媒温度を測定する第２の冷媒温度センサ１１が設けられている。 In addition, a first refrigerant temperature sensor 10 that measures the refrigerant temperature is provided at a location near the outlet from the usage-side heat exchanger 2 of the refrigerant liquid pipe 5, and on the other hand, to the usage-side heat exchanger 2 of the refrigerant gas pipe 6. A second refrigerant temperature sensor 11 for measuring the refrigerant temperature is provided at a location near the inlet of the refrigerant.

各室内ユニット１にコントローラ１２が備えられ、一方、集中管理室などにメインコントローラ１３が備えられている。各コントローラ１２がメインコントローラ１３に接続され、給気温度センサ８、還気温度センサ９、第１および第２の冷媒温度センサ１０，１１がコントローラ１２に接続されるとともに、コントローラ１２に開閉弁７、および、各室内ユニット１に対する運転スイッチ１４、ならびに、運転スイッチ１３からの暖房運転起動信号に応答して計時を開示し設定時間経過後に時間信号を出力してからリセットされるタイマ１５が接続されている。 Each indoor unit 1 is provided with a controller 12, while a central controller 13 is provided with a main controller 13. Each controller 12 is connected to the main controller 13, the supply air temperature sensor 8, the return air temperature sensor 9, the first and second refrigerant temperature sensors 10 and 11 are connected to the controller 12, and the controller 12 has an on-off valve 7. In addition, an operation switch 14 for each indoor unit 1 and a timer 15 that is reset in response to a heating operation start signal from the operation switch 13 and that outputs a time signal after the set time has elapsed are connected. ing.

コントローラ１２には、図３の制御系のブロック図に示すように、温度差算出手段１６と、比較手段１７と、開度制御手段１８と、起動不能判別手段１９とが備えられている。また、メインコントローラ１３には、支援室内ユニット選出手段２０と、優先順位設定テーブル２１と、異常判別手段２２とが備えられ、メインコントローラ１３に警報ランプ２３が接続されている。 As shown in the block diagram of the control system of FIG. 3, the controller 12 is provided with a temperature difference calculating means 16, a comparing means 17, an opening degree controlling means 18, and a start impossible determining means 19. The main controller 13 includes a support indoor unit selection unit 20, a priority order setting table 21, and an abnormality determination unit 22, and an alarm lamp 23 is connected to the main controller 13.

温度差算出手段１６では、還気温度センサ９で測定される還気温度と給気温度センサ８で測定される給気温度との差を算出するようになっている。
比較手段１７では、温度差算出手段１６で算出された温度差と設定値（０．３Ｔ）とを比較し、算出温度差が設定値以上で無いときには未起動信号を、そして、算出温度差が設定値以上になったときに定常暖房運転移行信号をそれぞれ出力するようになっている。 The temperature difference calculating means 16 calculates the difference between the return air temperature measured by the return air temperature sensor 9 and the supply air temperature measured by the supply air temperature sensor 8.
The comparison means 17 compares the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculation means 16 with the set value (0.3T). When the calculated temperature difference is not equal to or greater than the set value, an unstart signal is output, and the calculated temperature difference is A steady heating operation transition signal is output when the set value is exceeded.

ここで、設定値（０．３Ｔ）としては、定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差を設定する。詳述すれば、定常暖房運転状態での温度差Ｔ（通常、１０℃程度である）に対して３０％の値（０．３Ｔ）が設定される。この設定値としては、２５％以上の値を設定すれば良い。なぜならば、運転後に温度差が生じるというのは、冷媒液が抜けて冷媒ガスが利用側熱交換器２に流動供給され始めたことを示す結果であり、これに伴って、自然循環が円滑に行われる状態に移行すると判断できるからである。 Here, as a set value (0.3T), the steady transition temperature difference which can be judged as the state which can transfer to a steady heating operation state is set. More specifically, a value of 30% (0.3T) is set for the temperature difference T (usually about 10 ° C.) in the steady heating operation state. As this setting value, a value of 25% or more may be set. This is because the temperature difference after the operation is a result indicating that the refrigerant liquid has come out and the refrigerant gas has started to flow and be supplied to the use-side heat exchanger 2. This is because it can be determined that the state is to be performed.

開度制御手段１８では、運転スイッチ１４からの暖房運転起動信号に応答して開閉弁７の開度を開き可能開度まで開き、かつ、温度差算出手段１４からの定常暖房運転移行信号に応答して開閉弁７の開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な開度に切り換えるようになっている。 In the opening degree control means 18, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is opened to a possible opening degree in response to the heating operation start signal from the operation switch 14, and in response to the steady heating operation transition signal from the temperature difference calculation means 14. Thus, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is switched to a necessary opening degree in the steady heating operation state.

起動不能判別手段１９では、タイマ１５からの時間信号を受けたときに温度差算出手段１６から未起動信号を受けているとき、すなわち、暖房運転の起動後設定時間経過しても温度差算出手段１６で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差にならなかったときに起動不能信号を出力するようになっている。 In the start impossibility determining means 19, when the time difference signal is received from the temperature difference calculating means 16 when the time signal from the timer 15 is received, that is, even if the set time elapses after starting the heating operation, the temperature difference calculating means When the temperature difference calculated in 16 does not become a steady transition temperature difference that can be determined to be a state in which the transition to the steady heating operation state can be made, an unstartable signal is output.

支援室内ユニット選出手段２０では、起動不能判別手段１９からの起動不能信号に応答して、優先順位設定テーブル２１から、運転スイッチ１４からの暖房運転起動信号に基づいて起動予定の室内ユニット１と暖房運転状態の室内ユニット１とを除いた室内ユニット１のうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニット１を選出し、その選出された室内ユニット１に起動支援信号を出力し、該当する室内ユニット１の開閉弁７を開き可能開度まで開くようになっている。 In the support indoor unit selection means 20, in response to the start disable signal from the start disable determination means 19, the indoor unit 1 scheduled to start up and the heating based on the heating operation start signal from the operation switch 14 from the priority order setting table 21. Among the indoor units 1 excluding the indoor unit 1 in the operating state, the indoor unit 1 having a higher priority is selected, a start support signal is output to the selected indoor unit 1, and the opening / closing valve of the corresponding indoor unit 1 is selected. 7 is opened to the possible opening.

優先順位設定テーブル２１では、上下方向に高さの異なる位置の室内ユニット１に対して、高位置にある室内ユニット１ほど優先順位が高くなるように予め設定され、かつ、鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管６に水平方向に距離が異なる状態の室内ユニット１に対して、鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管６から遠い位置にある室内ユニット１ほど優先順位が高くなるように予め設定されている。これにより、支援室内ユニット選出手段２０により、起動予定の室内ユニット１と暖房運転状態の室内ユニット１とを除いた室内ユニット１のうち、高位置でかつ鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管６から遠い室内ユニット１を順に選出していくようになっている。
上下方向に高さの異なる位置の室内ユニット１と、鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管５から遠い位置にある室内ユニット１がそれぞれ複数個ある場合には、高位置に有る室内ユニット１を優先する。 In the priority order setting table 21, the indoor unit 1 at a position where the height is different in the vertical direction is set in advance so that the priority is higher in the indoor unit 1 at the higher position, and the refrigerant gas pipe in the vertical direction is set. 6, the indoor unit 1 located farther from the refrigerant gas pipe 6 in the vertical direction is set in advance so that the priority is higher for the indoor unit 1 in a state where the distance is different in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, the indoor unit 1 that is located at a high position and is far from the refrigerant gas pipe 6 in the vertical direction among the indoor units 1 excluding the indoor unit 1 to be activated and the indoor unit 1 in the heating operation state by the support indoor unit selection means 20. 1 is selected in order.
When there are a plurality of indoor units 1 at different positions in the vertical direction and a plurality of indoor units 1 at positions far from the refrigerant gas pipe 5 in the vertical direction, the indoor unit 1 at the higher position has priority.

異常判別手段２２では、支援室内ユニット選出手段２０から該当する室内ユニット１の全てに起動支援信号を出力して支援動作を完了した後にも起動不能判別手段１９からの起動不能信号を受けたときに異常信号を警報ランプ２３に出力し、警報ランプ２３を点滅して異常を報知するようになっている。 The abnormality determination unit 22 receives a start disable signal from the start disable determination unit 19 after outputting a start support signal to all the corresponding indoor units 1 from the support indoor unit selection unit 20 and completing the support operation. An abnormality signal is output to the alarm lamp 23, and the alarm lamp 23 blinks to notify the abnormality.

次に、上述制御動作につき、図４のフローチャートを用いて説明する。
先ず、運転スイッチ１４がＯＮされて運転信号が出力されているかどうかを判断する（Ｓ１）。
運転信号が出力されていれば、ステップＳ２に移行して、送風ファン３を駆動するなどの運転制御を行う。運転信号が出力されていなければ、ステップＳ１に戻る。 Next, the control operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, it is determined whether the operation switch 14 is turned on and an operation signal is output (S1).
If the operation signal is output, it will transfer to step S2 and operation control, such as driving the ventilation fan 3, will be performed. If no operation signal is output, the process returns to step S1.

次いで、運転モードが暖房モードかどうかを判断する（Ｓ３）。
暖房モードで無ければ、冷房モードや換気モードなどの他の運転モードに移行する。暖房モードであれば、開閉弁７の開度を開き可能開度まで開いてからステップＳ４に移行し、温度差ΔＴが設定温度差以上かどうか、すなわち、起動しているかどうかを判断する。 Next, it is determined whether the operation mode is the heating mode (S3).
If it is not in the heating mode, it shifts to another operation mode such as a cooling mode or a ventilation mode. If it is in the heating mode, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is opened to a possible opening degree, and then the process proceeds to step S4, where it is determined whether the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or greater than the set temperature difference, that is, whether it is activated.

ステップＳ４において、温度差ΔＴが設定温度差以上で無い、すなわち、起動していないと判断したときには、ステップＳ５に移行して設定時間が経過しているかどうかを判断し、設定時間以内に温度差ΔＴが設定温度差以上になったとき、すなわち、起動したと判断したときには、ステップＳ６に移行して定常制御を行い、開閉弁７の開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な開度に切り換える。 If it is determined in step S4 that the temperature difference ΔT is not greater than or equal to the set temperature difference, that is, it has not been started, the process proceeds to step S5 to determine whether the set time has elapsed, and within the set time, the temperature difference When ΔT is equal to or greater than the set temperature difference, that is, when it is determined that it has started, the routine proceeds to step S6, where steady control is performed, and the opening of the on-off valve 7 is switched to the required opening in the steady heating operation state.

ステップＳ５において、設定時間が経過したと判断したとき、すなわち、起動不能と判断したときには起動不能信号を出力し、ステップＳ７に移行して起動制御を行う。すなわち、起動支援室内ユニット選出手段２０により、起動予定の室内ユニット１と運転状態の室内ユニット１とを除いた室内ユニット１のうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニット１を選出し、その選出された室内ユニット１に起動支援信号を出力し、該当する室内ユニット１の開閉弁７を開き可能開度まで開く。その後、温度差ΔＴが設定温度差以上かどうか、すなわち、起動しているかどうかを判断し（Ｓ８）、設定時間以内に温度差ΔＴが設定温度差以上になったとき（Ｓ９）、すなわち、起動したと判断したときには、ステップＳ６に移行して定常制御を行い、開閉弁７の開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な開度に切り換える。 When it is determined in step S5 that the set time has elapsed, that is, when it is determined that the activation is impossible, an activation impossible signal is output, and the process proceeds to step S7 to perform activation control. That is, the activation support indoor unit selection means 20 selects the indoor unit 1 having a higher priority among the indoor units 1 excluding the indoor unit 1 scheduled to be activated and the indoor unit 1 in the operating state, and the selected indoor unit 1 is selected. A start support signal is output to the unit 1, and the opening / closing valve 7 of the corresponding indoor unit 1 is opened to a possible opening degree. Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or greater than the set temperature difference, that is, whether the temperature difference ΔT is activated (S8). When the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or greater than the set temperature difference within the set time (S9), that is, activated When it is determined that the operation has been performed, the routine proceeds to step S6 where steady control is performed, and the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is switched to a required opening degree in the steady heating operation state.

ステップＳ９において、設定時間が経過したと判断したとき、すなわち、起動不能と判断したときには起動不能信号を出力し、ステップＳ１０に移行して、起動支援室内ユニット選出手段２０によって全ての室内ユニット１を選出したかどうかを判断し、全てで無ければ、起動制御（Ｓ７）に移行し、次に優先順位の高い室内ユニット１を選出し、その選出された室内ユニット１に起動支援信号を出力し、該当する室内ユニット１の開閉弁７を開き可能開度まで開く。 In step S9, when it is determined that the set time has elapsed, that is, when it is determined that the activation is impossible, an activation impossible signal is output, and the process proceeds to step S10 where all the indoor units 1 are detected by the activation support indoor unit selecting means 20. It is determined whether or not it has been selected. If not all, the process proceeds to start control (S7), the indoor unit 1 having the next highest priority is selected, and a start support signal is output to the selected indoor unit 1. The on-off valve 7 of the corresponding indoor unit 1 is opened to an openable opening.

異常判別手段２２によって、全ての室内ユニット１を選出して起動制御を行っても起動不能であると判断したときには、ステップＳ１１に移行して警報ランプ２３を点滅し、冷媒の洩れなど、冷媒の自然循環系に異常があることを報知する。 If it is determined by the abnormality determination means 22 that all the indoor units 1 are selected and the activation control is performed, it is determined that the activation is impossible, the process proceeds to step S11, the alarm lamp 23 blinks, and the refrigerant leakage such as the refrigerant leakage occurs. Notify that there is an abnormality in the natural circulation system.

以上の構成により、暖房運転の起動後設定時間が経過しても起動できないときに、暖房運転停止状態の室内ユニット１を利用して冷媒液を冷媒ガス配管６内から早期に抜き、起動を行って暖房運転に移行できるようになっている。また、全ての室内ユニット１を選出して起動制御を行っても起動不能である場合には、異常を報知して補修などを促すようになっている。 With the above configuration, when the heating operation cannot be started even after the set time has elapsed, the refrigerant liquid is quickly discharged from the refrigerant gas pipe 6 using the indoor unit 1 in the heating operation stop state, and the heating operation is started. Can be switched to heating operation. Further, if it is impossible to start even if all the indoor units 1 are selected and the start control is performed, an abnormality is notified and repair or the like is prompted.

また、図示しないが、コントローラ１２では、第１および第２の冷媒温度センサ１０，１１で測定される冷媒温度に基づいて、定常暖房運転状態での開閉弁７の開度を制御するようになっている。
すなわち、第２の冷媒温度センサ１１で測定される冷媒温度と第１の冷媒温度センサ１０で測定される冷媒温度との冷媒温度差を算出し、その冷媒温度差が第１の設定値（例えば、４）以下のときには、開閉弁７の開度を設定量閉じ、冷媒温度差が第２の設定値（例えば、１０）以上のときには、開閉弁７の開度を設定量開き、そして、冷媒温度差が第１の設定値と第２の設定値と間であるときには、開閉弁７の開度をそのままの状態に維持し、常に設定温度の温調空気を吹き出すことができるように暖房運転を行うようになっている。 Although not shown, the controller 12 controls the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 in the steady heating operation state based on the refrigerant temperatures measured by the first and second refrigerant temperature sensors 10 and 11. ing.
In other words, the refrigerant temperature difference between the refrigerant temperature measured by the second refrigerant temperature sensor 11 and the refrigerant temperature measured by the first refrigerant temperature sensor 10 is calculated, and the refrigerant temperature difference is a first set value (for example, 4) When the following is true, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is closed by a set amount, and when the refrigerant temperature difference is greater than or equal to a second set value (for example, 10), the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is opened by a set amount. When the temperature difference is between the first set value and the second set value, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is maintained as it is, and the heating operation is performed so that the temperature-controlled air at the set temperature can always be blown out. Is supposed to do.

開閉弁７としては、開度―冷媒流量の特性がリニアに近いものを使用する。これにより、定常暖房運転状態で必要な最大開度が３倍以上といった十分余裕を有するものを選定した場合に、冷媒液配管５内の冷媒ガスを迅速に抜くことができ、本発明の制御をより効果的に行うことができる。 As the on-off valve 7, a valve whose opening-refrigerant flow rate characteristics are close to linear is used. As a result, the refrigerant gas in the refrigerant liquid pipe 5 can be quickly removed when the one having a sufficient margin such that the required maximum opening degree is three times or more in the steady heating operation state can be quickly extracted. It can be done more effectively.

また、室内ユニット１の搬入後の起動テスト時などにおいて、例えば、開閉弁７の開度を２倍にし、前述温度差算出手段１４で設定温度差以上になるまでの時間を測定し、その時間が長ければ、開度を４倍に調整し、それでも長ければ、開度を８倍に調整するといったようにして、極力時間が短くなるように、開き可能開度を設定できる。
これにより、定常暖房運転状態で冷媒ガスを制御する上での開閉弁の必要な最大開度にかかわらず、起動時には、選定した開閉弁自体の最大開度を開き可能開度として、冷媒液を抵抗少なく流動させ、一層迅速に冷媒液を抜くことができる。 Further, at the time of a start-up test after the indoor unit 1 is carried in, for example, the opening degree of the on-off valve 7 is doubled, and the time until the temperature difference calculating means 14 exceeds the set temperature difference is measured. If the opening is long, the opening can be adjusted to 4 times, and if the opening is still long, the opening can be adjusted to 8 times, so that the openable opening can be set so as to shorten the time as much as possible.
As a result, regardless of the required maximum opening of the on / off valve for controlling the refrigerant gas in the steady heating operation state, at the time of startup, the maximum opening of the selected on / off valve itself is set as an openable opening, and the refrigerant liquid is It can be made to flow with little resistance and the refrigerant liquid can be extracted more rapidly.

また、例えば、ホテルなどのように、多量の冷媒が配管内を流動することに起因して、シュルシュルといった大きい流動音が発生することを抑制する必要がある場合には、選定した開閉弁自体の最大開度が大きくても、開き可能開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な最大開度の１．５倍に近い開度に設定し、流動音の大きさを考慮しながら、極力時間が短くなるように、開き可能開度を設定してガス抜きを迅速に行うことができる。
したがって、空調場所に応じて好適に起動でき、しかも、それ自体の最大開度が同じ開閉弁でもって様々な空調場所に使用できるから、設計上での自由度が高くなり、設計を容易に行えるという効果を発揮させることができる。 Further, for example, when it is necessary to suppress the generation of a large flow noise such as surreal due to a large amount of refrigerant flowing in the piping, such as in a hotel, the selected on-off valve itself Even if the maximum opening is large, the openable opening is set to an opening close to 1.5 times the maximum opening required in steady heating operation, and the time is minimized as much as possible while taking into account the loudness of the flow noise. Thus, it is possible to quickly degas by setting the openable opening.
Therefore, since it can be suitably started according to the air-conditioning place and can be used in various air-conditioning places with the same opening / closing valve, the degree of freedom in design is increased and the design can be easily performed. The effect that can be demonstrated.

上記実施例では、利用側熱交換器２に供給する冷媒ガス量を調整するのに、開閉弁７を配管径の小さい冷媒液配管５側に設け、開閉弁７を小型化できるようにしているが、利用側熱交換器２への供給側となる冷媒ガス配管６側に設けても良い。また、開閉弁７としては、電磁操作型の開閉弁に限らず、電子膨張弁を使用することもできる。 In the above embodiment, in order to adjust the amount of refrigerant gas supplied to the use side heat exchanger 2, the on-off valve 7 is provided on the refrigerant liquid pipe 5 side having a small pipe diameter so that the on-off valve 7 can be miniaturized. However, you may provide in the refrigerant | coolant gas piping 6 side used as the supply side to the utilization side heat exchanger 2. FIG. The on-off valve 7 is not limited to an electromagnetically operated on-off valve, and an electronic expansion valve can also be used.

本発明は、上述のように建物の複数階それぞれに多数の室内ユニット１を設ける場合に限らず、例えば、ひとつの階に複数個の室内ユニット１を設ける場合や、ひとつの室内ユニット１を設ける場合にも適用できる。 The present invention is not limited to the case where a large number of indoor units 1 are provided on each of a plurality of floors of a building as described above. For example, when a plurality of indoor units 1 are provided on one floor, or a single indoor unit 1 is provided. It can also be applied to cases.

本発明の実施例に係る冷媒自然循環式暖房システムを示す全体構成図である。It is a whole lineblock diagram showing the refrigerant natural circulation type heating system concerning the example of the present invention. 室内ユニットの拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of an indoor unit. 制御系を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows a control system. 起動制御動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows starting control operation | movement.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…室内ユニット
２…利用側熱交換器
４…蒸発器
５…冷媒液配管
６…冷媒ガス配管
７…開閉弁
８…給気温度センサ
９…還気温度センサ
１６…温度差算出手段
１７…比較手段
１８…開度制御手段
１９…起動不能判別手段
２０…支援室内ユニット選出手段
２２…異常判別手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Indoor unit 2 ... Use side heat exchanger 4 ... Evaporator 5 ... Refrigerant liquid piping 6 ... Refrigerant gas piping 7 ... Open / close valve 8 ... Supply air temperature sensor 9 ... Return air temperature sensor 16 ... Temperature difference calculation means 17 ... Comparison Means 18: Opening degree control means 19 ... Unable to start determination means 20 ... Support indoor unit selection means 22 ... Abnormality determination means

Claims

気体と液体とに相変化する冷媒を凝縮液化して温熱を放熱する利用側熱交換器を備えた室内ユニットを複数個設け、前記利用側熱交換器と、冷媒を蒸発気化する蒸発器とを冷媒液配管と冷媒ガス配管とを介して接続し、前記蒸発器を前記利用側熱交換器よりも下方に配置し、前記蒸発器と前記利用側熱交換器との間に、自然循環により前記蒸発器で蒸発気化した冷媒ガスを前記利用側熱交換器に移送するとともに、前記利用側熱交換器で凝縮液化した冷媒液を前記蒸発器に移送するに足るヘッド差を備え、前記利用側熱交換器に供給する冷媒ガス量を調整する開閉弁を設けた冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
前記利用側熱交換器から吹き出される温調空気の給気温度を測定する給気温度センサと、
前記利用側熱交換器に戻される温調空気の還気温度を測定する還気温度センサと、
前記還気温度センサで測定される還気温度と前記給気温度センサで測定される給気温度との差を算出する温度差算出手段と、
前記温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差になったときに定常暖房運転移行信号を出力する比較手段と、
暖房運転の起動後に前記比較手段からの定常暖房運転移行信号に応答して前記開閉弁の開度を定常暖房運転状態で必要な開度に切り換える開度制御手段と、
暖房運転の起動後設定時間経過しても前記温度差算出手段で算出された温度差が定常暖房運転状態に移行可能な状態と判断できる定常移行温度差にならなかったときに起動不能信号を出力する起動不能判別手段と、
前記起動不能判別手段からの起動不能信号に応答して、起動予定の室内ユニットと暖房運転状態の室内ユニットとを除いた室内ユニットのうちの優先順位の高い室内ユニットを選出して選出された室内ユニットに起動支援信号を出力し該当する室内ユニットの開閉弁を開く支援室内ユニット選出手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする冷媒自然循環式暖房システム。 A plurality of indoor units including a use side heat exchanger that condenses and liquefies a refrigerant that changes phase into a gas and a liquid to dissipate heat are provided, and the use side heat exchanger and an evaporator that evaporates and evaporates the refrigerant. The refrigerant liquid pipe and the refrigerant gas pipe are connected to each other, the evaporator is disposed below the use side heat exchanger, and the natural circulation between the evaporator and the use side heat exchanger allows the The refrigerant gas evaporated by the evaporator is transferred to the use side heat exchanger, and the use side heat is provided with a head difference sufficient to transfer the refrigerant liquid condensed and liquefied by the use side heat exchanger to the evaporator. In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system provided with an on-off valve for adjusting the amount of refrigerant gas supplied to the exchanger,
A supply air temperature sensor for measuring a supply air temperature of the temperature-controlled air blown out from the use side heat exchanger;
A return air temperature sensor for measuring the return air temperature of the temperature-controlled air returned to the use side heat exchanger;
A temperature difference calculating means for calculating a difference between the return air temperature measured by the return air temperature sensor and the supply air temperature measured by the supply air temperature sensor;
Comparison means for outputting a steady heating operation transition signal when the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculation means becomes a steady transition temperature difference that can be determined to be a state capable of transition to the steady heating operation state;
An opening degree control means for switching the opening degree of the on-off valve to a required opening degree in a steady heating operation state in response to a steady heating operation transition signal from the comparison means after activation of the heating operation;
Even if a set time elapses after the start of heating operation, a start impossible signal is output when the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means does not become a steady transition temperature difference that can be determined to be a state capable of shifting to the steady heating operation state. A non-startable discrimination means to
In response to the start disable signal from the start disable determination means, the indoor unit selected by selecting a high priority indoor unit among the indoor units excluding the indoor unit scheduled to start and the indoor unit in the heating operation state. A support indoor unit selection means for outputting a start support signal to the unit and opening an opening / closing valve of the corresponding indoor unit;
A refrigerant natural circulation heating system comprising:

請求項１に記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
前記支援室内ユニット選出手段から該当する室内ユニットの全てに起動支援信号を出力して支援動作を完了した後にも前記起動不能判別手段からの起動不能信号を受けたときに異常信号を出力する異常判別手段を備えたものである冷媒自然循環式暖房システム。 In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to claim 1,
An abnormality determination that outputs an abnormality signal when the activation disable signal is received from the activation disable determination means even after the activation support signal is output to all of the corresponding indoor units from the support indoor unit selection means and the support operation is completed. A refrigerant natural circulation heating system provided with means.

請求項１または２のいずれかに記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
上下方向に高さの異なる位置に室内ユニットが設けられ、
支援室内ユニット選出手段が、高位置にある室内ユニットほど優先順位が高くなるように設定してある冷媒自然循環式暖房システム。 In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to claim 1 or 2,
Indoor units are installed at different heights in the vertical direction,
The refrigerant natural circulation heating system in which the support indoor unit selection means is set so that the higher the indoor unit located at a higher position, the higher the priority.

請求項１、２、３のいずれかに記載の冷媒自然循環式暖房システムにおいて、
鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管に水平方向に距離が異なる状態で室内ユニットが設けられ、
支援室内ユニット選出手段が、前記鉛直方向の冷媒ガス配管から遠い位置にある室内ユニットほど優先順位が高くなるように設定してある冷媒自然循環式暖房システム。
In the refrigerant natural circulation heating system according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
The indoor unit is provided in a state in which the distance in the horizontal direction is different in the refrigerant gas pipe in the vertical direction,
A refrigerant natural circulation heating system in which the support indoor unit selection means is set such that the priority is higher in an indoor unit located farther from the refrigerant gas pipe in the vertical direction.