JP2005518493A - 廃熱及び太陽光源から電気及び動力の生成のためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
廃熱及び太陽光源から電気及び動力の生成のためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
- B60K2016/003—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind solar power driven
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
Description
・図7において“A” (蒸発器14からのガス出力ライン18)で測定されたアクチ ュアル膨張機入力温度T1(u),84が、エラー信号c1を形成するために選択さ れた膨張機入力温度,86から減じられ;
・アクチュアル膨張機入力温度T1(u),84が、膨張機をはさんでのアクチュアル 温度差、アクチュアルΔTを形成するために図7において“B”で(凝縮器42の直 ぐ上流のライン40において)測定されたアクチュアル膨張機出力温度T2(u), 88から減じられ;
・膨張機をはさんでのアクチュアル温度差、アクチュアルΔTが、エラー信号c2を形 成するために、選択された膨張機ΔT,90、及びエラー信号c1から減じられ;
・エラー信号c2が随意的に、補償のために必要に応じて熱力学方程式のディジタル表 示、検索テーブル或いはグラフ,92に適用され、その出力がc3で;
・アクチュアル膨張機入力圧力,P(u),106が、熱力学方程式のディジタル表示 、検索テーブル或いはグラフ,108に適用され、その出力がp1である。
・それからp1が選択された膨張機圧力,94及びエラー信号c4を形成するためのエ ラー信号c3から減じられる。c4は、c5を形成するために随意的なPID(比例 積分微分)信号調整及び補償アルゴリズム,96に適用される。
・c5が、信号c6を形成するために積分器アルゴリズム,98に適用される。
・c6はVFD,100へのコントロール信号の浮動小数点の二進法表示となっている 。VFDへのこのコントロール信号は、電圧、電流、或いはシリアルビットストリー ム(serial bit stream)であればよい。示された図では、それは電圧である。
二進法形式のコントロール信号は、PLCバスにおけるD−A(Digital-to-Analog )モジュールに適用される。このモジュールの出力電圧信号,cは、VFD,100 の入力部に結び付けられる。
源水 戻り(12bにて) 26psigで201°F
蒸発器(熱交換器)(11にて) 212°F
蒸発器(熱交換器)(13にて) 11psigで212°F,75-85gpm
膨張機への冷媒ガスT(18,22にて) 208°F,74-92psig
凝縮器の上流で
分離器後の冷媒ガスT(40にて) 0psigで108°F
WFループ16における冷媒流れ 12-13 gpm
WFループ16からの冷媒液T 62°F
生成動力(30にて、図1) 82 psigで22KWH(18,22にて)
生成動力(30にて、図1) 92 psigで27.5KWH(18,22にて)
12 熱源
14,14A,14B,14C 熱交換器
15a,15b,15c,15d 熱交換器ユニット
16,18 管路
20 膨張機
22 入口
24 吐出端部
26 出力軸
28 発電機
30 送電網
32 管路
33 フィルタ
34 分離器
35 リザーバ
38 油ループライン
40 管路
42 凝縮器
45 管路
46 クーリングタワー
47 水出口
48 受液器
49 ポンプ
50 フィードポンプ
51 サイトゲージ
52 バイパスループ
54a,54b ソレノイドバルブ
56 モジュレータバルブ
57 チェックバルブ
58 コントローラ
60 コアサブシステム
62 スキッド
64 フロアプレート
66 フレーム
68 (左側の)エリア
70 空気入口
76 のぞき窓
Claims (16)
- 低級廃熱及び太陽光源から電気或いは直結軸動力の生成のためのシステムであって、
a)以下のものを備えた密閉作動流体回路と
i)加圧下で作動流体を液体から加熱ガスに変えるために低級廃熱或いは太陽光源から熱エネルギーを供給する少なくとも1つの熱交換器、
ii)軸への動力を作り出すために上記加熱された作動流体により駆動され、この作動流体を減圧させる膨張機、
iii)電気を作り出すために上記膨張機により駆動される発電機、
iv)上記圧力降下させられた作動流体のガス温度を下げ、これにより上記作動流体の凝縮温度で、或いはそれより低温で上記作動流体ガスを液体に変えるための凝縮器、及び
v)上記回路内で上記作動流体を循環させるポンプ、
b)上記発電機と上記回路内で液体或いはガス形態にある作動流体の選択された温度及び圧力とをモニタリングし、上記ポンプ、膨張機及び発電機をコントロールするためにコントロール信号を供給するためのコントローラ
との作用的な組み合わせにより構成されるシステム。 - 上記膨張機が逆に配管されたスクリュー圧縮機である請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 上記発電機がインダクションタイプ発電機と同期タイプの発電機から選択され、上記回路が上記膨張機を避ける緊急作動流体バイパスを含む請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 上記膨張機がオイル潤滑軸受及び二次的潤滑オイル分離器及び再利用ループを含む請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 上記作動流体回路が上記膨張機の出口側にフィルタを含む請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 上記熱交換器が多段式のものである請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 上記ポンプが上記コントローラによりコントロールされる可変周波数駆動部により駆動される請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 上記回路が上記作動流体用のポンプにヘッドを与えるために上記凝縮器の下流側に受液器を含む請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 上記凝縮器がクーリングタワーと冷却水溜めシステムの内の少なくとも1つを備えた水冷式熱交換器により冷却される請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 上記コントローラが、少なくとも1つのコントロールループ、実際の膨張機の入力圧力及び温度及び膨張機出口温度、発電機のrpmの測定値を表す温度及び圧力入力、及び動力モニタリング、凝縮器制御、上記可変周波数駆動への出力、予め選択された膨張機入力温度、圧力及びΔT、及びポンプのオン/オフコントロールのための出力、バイパスバルブコントロール、発電機のオン/オフラインコントロールを含むプログラムを有する請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 低級廃熱及び太陽光源から直結軸動力の生成のためのシステムであって、
a)以下のものを備えた密閉作動流体回路と
i)加圧下で作動流体を液体から加熱ガスに変えるために低級廃熱或いは太陽光源から熱エネルギーを供給する少なくとも1つの熱交換器、
ii)軸への動力を作り出すために上記加熱された作動流体により駆動され、この作動流体を減圧させる膨張機、
iii)作業をするために負荷への直結動力取り出しをもたらす上記軸、
iv)上記圧力降下させられた作動流体のガス温度を下げ、これにより上記作動流体の凝縮温度で、或いはそれより低温で上記作動流体ガスを液体に変えるための凝縮器、及び
v)上記回路内で上記作動流体を循環させるポンプ、
b)上記軸と上記回路内で液体或いはガス形態にある作動流体の選択された温度及び圧力とをモニタリングし、上記ポンプ、膨張機及び膨張機動力取り出しをコントロールするためにコントロール信号を供給するためのコントローラ
との作用的な組み合わせにより構成されるシステム。 - 低級廃熱或いは太陽光源から直結軸動力或いは電気の生成方法であって、
a)上記作動流体をより高温の圧縮されたガスにするように加熱するために液状態作動流体に低級廃熱源を供給し、
b)上記加熱され、圧縮されたガスでもって出力軸を有する膨張機を駆動し、それにより上記ガスを減圧し、
c)上記作動流体ガスをその凝縮温度或いはそれ以下で液体に凝縮させ、
d)密閉作動流体回路において上記低級廃熱源に上記作動流体液を再利用し、及び
e)上記膨張機の出力軸から電気或いは直結動力を生成するために上記回路内にて上記作動流体液及びガスの圧力及び温度をモニタリングし、コントロールする
作用的な順序でのステップからなる方法。 - 上記膨張機が上記回路において逆向きにされたスクリュー圧縮機からなり、上記作動流体ガスが上記圧縮機の出力軸を駆動し、上記再利用のステップが上記低級廃熱源から熱を得るために熱交換器を介して加圧下、上記液状態作動流体を送り込むことからなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 制御可能な可変周波数駆動でもって上記ポンプを駆動することを含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- 上記モニタリング及びコントロールするステップが、上記ポンプ、膨張機及び発電機をコントロールするようにコントロール信号を供給するために、上記軸、及び上記回路における液体或いはガス形態の作動流体の選択された温度及び圧力をモニタリングすることを含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 上記モニタリング及びコントロールするステップが、少なくとも1つのコントロールループ、実際の膨張機の入力圧力及び温度及び膨張機出口温度、発電機或いは膨張機の出力軸のrpmの測定値を表す温度及び圧力入力、及び動力モニタリング、上記膨張機出力ガスの液体への冷却のコントロール、上記可変周波数駆動部への出力、予め選択された膨張機入力温度、圧力及びΔT、及びポンプのオン/オフコントロールのための出力、バルブのコントロール及び発電機オン/オフライン状態のコントロールを含むプログラムを有する請求項15に記載の方法。
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US36007202P | 2002-02-25 | 2002-02-25 | |
US10/374,581 US6981377B2 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2003-02-24 | System and method for generation of electricity and power from waste heat and solar sources |
PCT/US2003/005899 WO2003072384A1 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Waste heat solar energy system |
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JP2005518493A true JP2005518493A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
JP2005518493A5 JP2005518493A5 (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
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US (1) | US6981377B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1478540A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005518493A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20040111364A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100408940C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003217755B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0303324A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2478160A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA04008234A (ja) |
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JPH05272308A (ja) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-10-19 | Toshiba Corp | 有機媒体適用動力回収プラント |
JP2001082761A (ja) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 空気調和機 |
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WO2010029905A1 (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-18 | サンデン株式会社 | 排熱利用装置 |
JP2014510872A (ja) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-05-01 | ヌオーヴォ ピニォーネ ソシエタ ペル アチオニ | 有機ランキンサイクルにおいて用いられるターボエクスパンダのための封止システム |
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JP2012255400A (ja) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-27 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 発電装置 |
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JP2015215144A (ja) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-03 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 熱エネルギー回収装置 |
JP2016044577A (ja) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-04-04 | 株式会社Ihi | 廃熱発電装置 |
JP2016121665A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 熱発電装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003072384A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
AU2003217755A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
CN1671573A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
KR20040111364A (ko) | 2004-12-31 |
CN100408940C (zh) | 2008-08-06 |
BR0303324A (pt) | 2004-03-30 |
CA2478160A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
US20050183421A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
NZ534888A (en) | 2009-01-31 |
MXPA04008234A (es) | 2005-06-08 |
AU2003217755B2 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP1478540A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
EP1478540A4 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
US6981377B2 (en) | 2006-01-03 |
PL372240A1 (en) | 2005-07-11 |
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