JP2005347208A - Flat light source device - Google Patents

Flat light source device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005347208A
JP2005347208A JP2004168514A JP2004168514A JP2005347208A JP 2005347208 A JP2005347208 A JP 2005347208A JP 2004168514 A JP2004168514 A JP 2004168514A JP 2004168514 A JP2004168514 A JP 2004168514A JP 2005347208 A JP2005347208 A JP 2005347208A
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light
guide plate
light source
light guide
degrees
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Hidenori Niida
英紀 仁井田
Minoru Toeda
稔 戸枝
Takaaki Furunoma
高顕 古野間
Naoyuki Yamamoto
直幸 山本
Noriyuki Betsushiba
範之 別芝
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat light source device having a light guide plate on which, the light emitted from a plurality of point-like light sources is incident, restraining generation of emission line, enhancing the utilization rate of the light emitted from the point-like light sources incident on the light guide plate. <P>SOLUTION: The light guide plate has a guiding part 18 diffusing an incident light, and a plate-shaped light collection part 21 formed continuous to the guiding part 18 having a reflection part 20 formed on opposite side of an emission face 19. A plurality of prism-shaped protrusion 27 extending in a direction perpendicular to a virtual end face 21a of the light collection part 21 having a vertex angle of 135°to 150° are formed on the emission face 19. The guiding part 18 is formed into a symmetrical shape widening from light incident side toward the light collection part 21, and the angle between both side faces of the guiding part and a face orthogonal to the virtual end face 21a is 15°to 45°. A plurality of V-shaped grooves 22b extending in thickness direction of the light guide plate 14 are formed in the guiding part 18. The vertex angle α of the V-shaped groove is 60°to 90°, and the ratio of the width of an open end M to the pitch P of adjacent V-shaped groove 22b M/P is 0.3 to 0.7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、面光源装置に係り、詳しくはLED(発光ダイオード)等の点状光源からの出射光を入射して面状に出射する面光源装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a surface light source device, and more particularly to a surface light source device that emits light emitted from a point light source such as an LED (light emitting diode) and emits the light in a planar shape.

液晶表示装置として液晶表示パネル(液晶パネル)の背面(表示面と反対側の面)に面光源装置をバックライトとして配置したものがある。この種の面光源装置として、LEDが導光板の端面と対向して配置され、導光板の表面(液晶パネルと対向する側の面)から光が面状に出射されるエッジライト方式(サイドライト型)の装置が提案されている。1個又は少ない数のLEDを使用して導光板から光を均一な面状で出射させる方法としては、導光板の採光手段としての拡散ドットと拡散シートで拡散させることによって指向性を緩和し、プリズムシートで集光して必要な輝度を得る方法がある。散乱ドットは、輝度の均一性を図るために、その密度分布を変化させて形成されている。しかし、LEDは指向性が強いため、輝線、明部、暗部などが生じやすい。   As a liquid crystal display device, there is one in which a surface light source device is disposed as a backlight on the back surface (surface opposite to the display surface) of a liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal panel). As this type of surface light source device, an LED is disposed so as to face an end face of a light guide plate, and an edge light system (side light) in which light is emitted in a planar shape from the surface of the light guide plate (the surface facing the liquid crystal panel). Type) devices have been proposed. As a method of emitting light from the light guide plate in a uniform plane using one or a small number of LEDs, the directivity is relaxed by diffusing with diffusion dots and a diffusion sheet as the light collecting means of the light guide plate, There is a method for obtaining necessary luminance by condensing light with a prism sheet. The scattering dots are formed by changing the density distribution in order to achieve uniform brightness. However, since LEDs have strong directivity, bright lines, bright parts, dark parts, etc. are likely to occur.

また、LED等の点状光源を使用した場合に、入射面近傍で輝度ムラが発生するのを抑制するため、導光板の点状光源に対向する領域に、出射面から裏面に延びる(導光板の厚さ方向に延びる)複数の溝を設けた面光源装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。特許文献1に記載の面光源装置は、図9に示すように、導光板61と、点状光源としてのLED62とを備えている。導光板61のLED62と対向する端面には、光出射面63から裏面(光出射面63と反対側の面)に延びる複数の溝64が設けられている。溝64はLED62の中心軸と直交する面に対して傾いた平面又は曲面により形成された一対の斜面64a,64bを曲面64cにより滑らかに接続して形成されている。
特開平10−293202号公報(明細書の段落[0024]〜[0030]、図1)
In addition, when a point light source such as an LED is used, in order to suppress the occurrence of luminance unevenness in the vicinity of the incident surface, the light guide plate extends from the exit surface to the back surface in a region facing the point light source (light guide plate). A surface light source device provided with a plurality of grooves (extending in the thickness direction) has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 9, the surface light source device described in Patent Document 1 includes a light guide plate 61 and an LED 62 as a point light source. A plurality of grooves 64 extending from the light emitting surface 63 to the back surface (surface opposite to the light emitting surface 63) are provided on the end surface of the light guide plate 61 facing the LED 62. The groove 64 is formed by smoothly connecting a pair of inclined surfaces 64a and 64b formed by a flat surface or a curved surface with respect to a surface orthogonal to the central axis of the LED 62 by a curved surface 64c.
JP-A-10-293202 (paragraphs [0024] to [0030] of FIG. 1, FIG. 1)

ところが、拡散ドットは導光板の出射面からの出射光の集光性を弱くする。また、特許文献1のように、入射面に導光板の厚さ方向に延びる複数の溝を設けることにより、入射面近傍の輝度ムラを低減させることはできる。しかし、面光源として高輝度化を図ろうとすると輝線が発生し易い。   However, the diffusion dots weaken the condensing property of the outgoing light from the outgoing surface of the light guide plate. Further, as in Patent Document 1, by providing a plurality of grooves extending in the thickness direction of the light guide plate on the incident surface, luminance unevenness in the vicinity of the incident surface can be reduced. However, bright lines are likely to occur when the luminance is increased as a surface light source.

本発明は前記の問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は複数の点状光源から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板を備えた面光源装置において、輝線の発生を抑制するとともに点状光源から導光板に入射された入射光の利用率を高めることができる面光源装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is a surface light source device including a light guide plate that receives light emitted from a plurality of point light sources and converts the light into a planar shape and emits the light. The present invention provides a surface light source device capable of suppressing the generation of bright lines and increasing the utilization rate of incident light incident on a light guide plate from a point light source.

前記の目的を達成するため、請求項1に記載の発明は、複数の点状光源から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板を備えた面光源装置である。前記導光板は、入射された光を拡散させる導入部と、前記導入部に連続して形成され、前記導入部から導入された光を出射する出射面及び出射面の反対側に形成された反射部を有する板状の採光部とを備えている。前記出射面には前記採光部の導入部側の仮想端面と直交する方向に延びるとともに頂角が135度〜150度のプリズム状の突条が複数設けられている。前記導入部は、光の入射側から前記採光部側に向かって拡がる対称形状に形成されるとともにその両側面が前記仮想端面と直交する面との成す角度が15度〜45度に形成されている。また、前記導入部の前記点状光源と対向する面には、導光板の厚さ方向に延びる複数のV溝が形成され、前記V溝は頂角が60度〜90度、開放端の幅Mと隣接するV溝のピッチPとの比M/Pが0.3〜0.7に形成されている。ここで、「プリズム状の突条」とは、断面三角形のプリズムだけでなく、断面三角形のプリズムの二つの斜面の基部側が曲面に形成された形状や、断面三角形のプリズムの頂角の部分が曲面に形成された形状あるいは前記二つの斜面全体が曲面で構成されているものも含む。   In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a surface light source device including a light guide plate that receives light emitted from a plurality of point light sources and converts the light into a planar shape and emits the light. . The light guide plate is formed continuously with the introduction part for diffusing incident light, the emission surface for emitting the light introduced from the introduction part, and a reflection formed on the opposite side of the emission surface. And a plate-shaped daylighting unit having a part. The exit surface is provided with a plurality of prismatic protrusions extending in a direction orthogonal to the virtual end surface on the introduction portion side of the daylighting portion and having an apex angle of 135 to 150 degrees. The introduction part is formed in a symmetrical shape that spreads from the light incident side toward the daylighting part side, and an angle formed between the side surfaces of the introduction part and a surface orthogonal to the virtual end face is 15 degrees to 45 degrees. Yes. A plurality of V-grooves extending in the thickness direction of the light guide plate are formed on a surface of the introduction portion facing the point light source, and the V-groove has an apex angle of 60 to 90 degrees and an open end width. A ratio M / P between M and the pitch P of the adjacent V groove is formed to be 0.3 to 0.7. Here, the “prism-shaped protrusion” is not only a prism having a triangular section, but also a shape in which the base sides of the two inclined surfaces of the prism having a triangular section are formed in a curved surface, or a vertex angle portion of a prism having a triangular section. It includes a shape formed on a curved surface or one in which the entire two slopes are formed of a curved surface.

この発明では、点状光源から出射され、導光板の端面から入射された光は、導光板内を前記端面と反対側の端面に向かって導波される間に採光面で反射して、出射面に向かってその進行方向が変更される。そして、出射面に設けられたプリズム状の突条を経て出射される。従って、拡散ドットを使用して点状光源から出射された光の指向性を緩和する構成に比較して、出射面からの出射光の集光性が高められる。また、点状光源からの光が、導入部によって拡散されるため、導光板全体に光を導波させることが容易になる。そして、複数の点状光源の間と対応する箇所に暗部ができたり、逆に点状光源の正面に明部ができたりすることが抑制され、導光板から出射される光の点状光源近傍に発生する輝度ムラが低減する。そして、プリズム状の突条の頂角の値及び導入部の形状を前記のように特定することにより、複数の点状光源から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板を備えた面光源装置において、輝線の発生を抑制するとともに点状光源から導光板に入射された入射光の利用率を高めることができる。   In this invention, the light emitted from the point light source and incident from the end face of the light guide plate is reflected by the light collecting surface while being guided toward the end face opposite to the end face within the light guide plate, and is emitted. The traveling direction is changed toward the surface. And it is radiate | emitted through the prism-shaped protrusion provided in the output surface. Therefore, the condensing property of the emitted light from the exit surface is enhanced as compared with the configuration in which the directivity of the light emitted from the point light source is relaxed using the diffusion dots. Further, since the light from the point light source is diffused by the introducing portion, it is easy to guide the light through the entire light guide plate. And it is suppressed that a dark part is made in a place corresponding to between a plurality of point light sources, and conversely a bright part is made in front of the point light source, and the vicinity of the point light source of light emitted from the light guide plate The luminance unevenness that occurs is reduced. Then, by specifying the value of the apex angle of the prism-shaped protrusion and the shape of the introduction portion as described above, the light emitted from the plurality of point light sources is incident and converted into a planar shape and emitted. In the surface light source device including the light guide plate, generation of bright lines can be suppressed and the utilization rate of incident light incident on the light guide plate from the point light source can be increased.

請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の発明において、前記比M/Pは0.5〜0.7に形成されている。この発明では、輝線が目立たずに輝度を高めるのが容易になる。
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の発明において、前記プリズム状の突条は前記採光部と別体に形成されたプリズムシートで構成されている。この発明では、プリズム状の突条を導光板の出射面に直接形成する場合に比較して、導光板を射出成形等で製造するための金型の構造が簡単になり、導光板の製造が容易になる。
The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the ratio M / P is formed to be 0.5 to 0.7. According to the present invention, it becomes easy to increase the luminance without making the bright line noticeable.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the prism-shaped protrusion is formed of a prism sheet formed separately from the daylighting unit. In this invention, the structure of the mold for manufacturing the light guide plate by injection molding or the like is simplified as compared with the case where the prismatic protrusions are directly formed on the light exit surface of the light guide plate. It becomes easy.

請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の発明において、前記採光部は前記プリズム状の突条が一体に形成されている。この発明では、プリズムシートを用いる必要がないため、面光源装置を構成する部品点数が少なくなって、組立工数を低減できる。   The invention described in claim 4 is the invention described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the prism-shaped protrusion is integrally formed in the daylighting unit. In this invention, since it is not necessary to use a prism sheet, the number of parts constituting the surface light source device is reduced, and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.

本発明によれば、複数の点状光源から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板を備えた面光源装置において、輝線の発生を抑制するとともに点状光源から導光板に入射された入射光の利用率を高めることができる。   According to the present invention, in a surface light source device that includes a light guide plate that receives light emitted from a plurality of point light sources, converts the light into a surface shape, and emits the light. The utilization factor of the incident light incident on the light guide plate can be increased.

以下、本発明を液晶表示装置のサイドライト型のバックライトに使用される面光源装置に具体化した一実施形態を図1〜図7に従って説明する。図1(a)は導光板と点状光源の関係を示す模式斜視図、(b)は導入部と点状光源の関係を示す模式平面図、(c)は液晶表示装置の模式図、図2(a)は導光板の模式平面図、(b)は模式側面図、(c)は採光部の部分模式側面図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a surface light source device used for a sidelight type backlight of a liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A is a schematic perspective view showing the relationship between the light guide plate and the point light source, FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view showing the relationship between the introducing portion and the point light source, and FIG. 1C is a schematic view of the liquid crystal display device. 2 (a) is a schematic plan view of a light guide plate, (b) is a schematic side view, and (c) is a partial schematic side view of a daylighting unit.

図1(c)に示すように、液晶表示装置11は、液晶パネル12と、その背面(表示面と反対側の面)側に配置されたバックライトとしての面光源装置13とを備えている。面光源装置13は、導光板14と、導光板14の一方の(入射側の)端部と対向する位置に配置された複数の点状光源15とを備えている。点状光源15としてはLED(発光ダイオード)が使用されている。   As shown in FIG. 1C, the liquid crystal display device 11 includes a liquid crystal panel 12 and a surface light source device 13 as a backlight disposed on the back surface (surface opposite to the display surface). . The surface light source device 13 includes a light guide plate 14 and a plurality of point light sources 15 arranged at positions facing one end (incident side) of the light guide plate 14. As the point light source 15, an LED (light emitting diode) is used.

面光源装置13には、導光板14を挟んで液晶パネル12と反対側に位置し、導光板14から漏れた光を導光板14に戻して出射光として利用するための反射部材(反射シート)16が設けられている。また、導光板14と液晶パネル12との間には、拡散シート17が配置されている。   The surface light source device 13 is located on the opposite side of the liquid crystal panel 12 with the light guide plate 14 interposed therebetween, and a reflective member (reflective sheet) for returning the light leaking from the light guide plate 14 to the light guide plate 14 and using it as outgoing light 16 is provided. A diffusion sheet 17 is disposed between the light guide plate 14 and the liquid crystal panel 12.

次に導光板14について詳細に説明する。導光板14は透明性の高い材料、例えばアクリル樹脂で形成されている。図1(a),(b)に示すように、導光板14は、点状光源15から入射された光を拡散させる導入部18と、導入部18に連続して形成され、導入部18から導入された光を面状に出射する出射面19及び出射面19の反対側に形成された反射部20を有する板状の採光部21とを備えている。   Next, the light guide plate 14 will be described in detail. The light guide plate 14 is made of a highly transparent material such as an acrylic resin. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the light guide plate 14 is formed continuously with the introduction portion 18 that diffuses the light incident from the point light source 15 and the introduction portion 18. An emission surface 19 for emitting the introduced light in a planar shape and a plate-shaped daylighting portion 21 having a reflection portion 20 formed on the opposite side of the emission surface 19 are provided.

導入部18は複数(図1(a)では4個図示)隣接して形成されている。導入部18は、入射部22及び反射部23を備えている。導入部18は、光の入射側から導光板14の採光部21側に向かって拡がる対称形状に形成されるとともに、入射側端部の幅W1(図1(b)における左右方向の長さ)が点状光源15の幅よりも大きく形成されている。入射部22は、点状光源15と対向するとともに、導入部18の幅方向に延びる面24と平行な平面22aと、点状光源15からの光を拡散させる拡散部としてのV溝22bとが交互に等間隔で繰り返すように構成されている。V溝22bは、開放端の幅Mと、V溝22bのピッチPとの比M/Pが0.3〜0.7、好ましくは0.5〜0.7で、頂角αが60度〜90度の範囲の所定の値となるように形成されている。   A plurality of introduction portions 18 (four shown in FIG. 1A) are formed adjacent to each other. The introduction unit 18 includes an incident unit 22 and a reflection unit 23. The introduction portion 18 is formed in a symmetrical shape that spreads from the light incident side toward the daylighting portion 21 side of the light guide plate 14, and the width W1 of the incident side end portion (the length in the left-right direction in FIG. 1B). Is formed larger than the width of the point light source 15. The incident portion 22 is opposed to the point light source 15, and includes a plane 22 a parallel to the surface 24 extending in the width direction of the introduction portion 18, and a V groove 22 b as a diffusion portion that diffuses light from the point light source 15. It is configured to repeat alternately at equal intervals. The V groove 22b has a ratio M / P between the width M of the open end and the pitch P of the V groove 22b of 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.5 to 0.7, and the apex angle α is 60 degrees. It is formed to have a predetermined value in a range of ˜90 degrees.

反射部23は、導入部18の両側面で構成され、V溝22bで拡散された光を採光部21に向けて反射するように形成されている。反射部23は平面状であり、反射部23と導入部18の幅方向に延びる面24と直交する面とのなす角度γの値が15度〜45度の範囲の所定の値となるように形成されている。   The reflection portion 23 is configured on both side surfaces of the introduction portion 18 and is formed so as to reflect the light diffused by the V groove 22 b toward the daylighting portion 21. The reflection part 23 is planar, and the value of the angle γ formed by the reflection part 23 and the surface 24 extending in the width direction of the introduction part 18 and a surface orthogonal to the reflection part 23 is a predetermined value in the range of 15 degrees to 45 degrees. Is formed.

採光部21はほぼ四角板状に形成され、導入部18から入射された光を出射する出射面19と、出射面19の反対側の裏面に形成された反射部20とを有する。反射部20は、採光部21の導入部18側の仮想端面21a(図1(b),(c)に図示)に沿って延びるように形成された複数の平行な溝26により構成されている。なお、図1(b)においては仮想端面21aが面24と一致している。   The daylighting unit 21 is formed in a substantially square plate shape, and includes an emission surface 19 that emits light incident from the introduction unit 18 and a reflection unit 20 that is formed on the back surface opposite to the emission surface 19. The reflection unit 20 includes a plurality of parallel grooves 26 formed so as to extend along a virtual end surface 21a (illustrated in FIGS. 1B and 1C) on the introduction unit 18 side of the daylighting unit 21. . In FIG. 1B, the virtual end surface 21 a coincides with the surface 24.

溝26は、仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に向かって上昇傾斜する採光面26aと、仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に向かって下降傾斜する傾斜面26bとが交互に連なるように設けられている。即ち、各溝26は仮想端面21aと直交する平面による断面形状が鋸歯状となるように隣接して形成されている。各溝26は同一形状に形成されている。   The groove 26 is provided so that a daylighting surface 26a that rises and slopes from the virtual end surface 21a side toward the opposing surface 21b side and an inclined surface 26b that slopes down from the virtual end surface 21a side and faces the opposing surface 21b side are alternately arranged. It has been. That is, the grooves 26 are formed adjacent to each other so that a cross-sectional shape by a plane orthogonal to the virtual end surface 21a is a sawtooth shape. Each groove 26 is formed in the same shape.

採光面26aは、導入部18から採光部21に入射され、採光面26aに到達した光を、出射面19に形成された後記する各突条27の頂点と接する仮想平面P1(図1(a)に鎖線で図示)に対してほぼ直角に近い角度で出射面19の方向に全反射させる角度に形成されている。溝26は、採光面26aが仮想平面P1と平行な平面と成す角度θ1が例えば35度〜50度、好ましくは40度〜45度の範囲の所定の角度に、傾斜面26bが仮想平面P1と平行な平面と成す角度θ2が例えば0.3度〜2.5度の範囲の所定の角度に形成されている。   The daylighting surface 26 a is incident on the daylighting unit 21 from the introduction unit 18, and the light reaching the daylighting surface 26 a is contacted with the apex of each protrusion 27 formed on the exit surface 19, which will be described later (see FIG. 1A ) Is formed at an angle that causes total reflection in the direction of the exit surface 19 at an angle that is substantially perpendicular to the line). In the groove 26, the angle θ1 formed by the daylighting surface 26a and a plane parallel to the virtual plane P1 is, for example, a predetermined angle in the range of 35 ° to 50 °, preferably 40 ° to 45 °, and the inclined surface 26b is connected to the virtual plane P1. The angle θ2 formed with the parallel plane is formed at a predetermined angle in a range of 0.3 degrees to 2.5 degrees, for example.

採光部21は、板厚tが仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に向かって次第に小さくなるように形成されている。ここでの板厚tは、各溝26の最深部から出射面までの距離(厳密には、突条27の基端を含む面までの距離)で定義される。そして、この実施形態では板厚tは、指数関数的に減少し、次式の関数Fにおいて、n=1.5としたときに図2(b)に示す初期板厚t0等が次式を満たすように設定されている。   The daylighting portion 21 is formed so that the plate thickness t gradually decreases from the virtual end surface 21a side toward the facing surface 21b side. The plate thickness t here is defined by the distance from the deepest part of each groove 26 to the exit surface (strictly, the distance from the surface including the base end of the protrusion 27). In this embodiment, the sheet thickness t decreases exponentially. When n = 1.5 in the function F of the following expression, the initial sheet thickness t0 shown in FIG. It is set to meet.

関数F:板厚(t)=t0−(t0−te)(Li/L)…(1)
但し、t0:初期板厚、te:最終板厚、Li:仮想端面から溝までの距離、L:導光板長さである。
Function F: plate thickness (t) = t0− (t0−te) (Li / L) n (1)
Where t0: initial plate thickness, te: final plate thickness, Li: distance from the virtual end face to the groove, and L: light guide plate length.

出射面19には、プリズム状の突条27が採光面26aの延びる方向と直交する方向に延びるように、即ち仮想端面21aと直交する方向に延びるように複数設けられている。各突条27は長手方向と直交する切断面での断面形状が二等辺三角形状に形成され、かつ高さが同じに形成されている。各突条27は端面が仮想平面P1とほぼ垂直になるように形成されている。また、各突条27は互いに隣接するように形成され、出射面19は仮想端面21aと直交する方向に延びる一対の斜面を有する突条27が繰り返し形成された構成となっている。突条27は、頂角Kが135度〜150度の範囲の所定の角度で、ピッチが50〜300μmの範囲の所定の大きさに形成されている。点状光源15の幅は例えば2.5mmに形成されている。なお、点状光源15、導入部18、溝26及び突条27等の大きさの比は、図示の都合上実際とは異なっている。また、図示の都合上、図1(b)及び図2では突条27の図示を省略している。   A plurality of prism-shaped protrusions 27 are provided on the emission surface 19 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the daylighting surface 26a extends, that is, in a direction orthogonal to the virtual end surface 21a. Each protrusion 27 is formed in the shape of an isosceles triangle in the cross section at the cutting plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and is formed in the same height. Each protrusion 27 is formed so that the end face is substantially perpendicular to the virtual plane P1. Each protrusion 27 is formed so as to be adjacent to each other, and the emission surface 19 has a structure in which protrusions 27 having a pair of inclined surfaces extending in a direction orthogonal to the virtual end surface 21a are repeatedly formed. The ridges 27 are formed at a predetermined angle in which the apex angle K is in the range of 135 degrees to 150 degrees and the pitch is in the predetermined range of 50 to 300 μm. The width of the point light source 15 is, for example, 2.5 mm. In addition, the ratio of the size of the point light source 15, the introduction part 18, the groove 26, the protrusion 27, and the like is different from the actual for convenience of illustration. For convenience of illustration, the protrusion 27 is not shown in FIGS. 1B and 2.

次に前記のように構成された面光源装置13の作用について説明する。
点状光源15が点灯されると、点状光源15から出射した光が導入部18から導光板14に入射し、入射した光は導光板14の出射面19から液晶パネル12に向かって出射され、拡散シート17を経て液晶パネル12に入射される。そして、液晶表示装置11の使用者は液晶パネル12の表示をその出射光により視認する。
Next, the operation of the surface light source device 13 configured as described above will be described.
When the point light source 15 is turned on, the light emitted from the point light source 15 enters the light guide plate 14 from the introduction portion 18, and the incident light is emitted from the light exit surface 19 of the light guide plate 14 toward the liquid crystal panel 12. Then, the light enters the liquid crystal panel 12 through the diffusion sheet 17. The user of the liquid crystal display device 11 visually recognizes the display on the liquid crystal panel 12 by the emitted light.

導光板14における作用を詳しく説明すると、点状光源15から出射した光の大部分は入射部22に到達する。入射部22に到達した光のうち一部は、導入部18の幅方向に延びる面24と平行な平面22aから導入部18に入射される。導入部18の幅方向に延びる面24と平行な平面22aから導入部18に入射された光の多くは、平面22aにおいてその進行方向が平面22aと垂直な方向に近づくように屈折し、採光部21に入射する。   The operation of the light guide plate 14 will be described in detail. Most of the light emitted from the point light source 15 reaches the incident portion 22. A part of the light reaching the incident part 22 is incident on the introduction part 18 from a plane 22 a parallel to the surface 24 extending in the width direction of the introduction part 18. Most of the light incident on the introduction unit 18 from the plane 22a parallel to the surface 24 extending in the width direction of the introduction unit 18 is refracted so that the traveling direction of the plane 22a approaches a direction perpendicular to the plane 22a. 21 is incident.

一方、入射部22に到達した光のうち残りの一部は、V溝22bによって、反射部23に向けて屈折されて導入部18に入射される。そして、反射部23において、その多くは採光部21の幅方向と垂直な方向に近づくように反射され、反射された光は採光部21に入射する。採光部21に入射された光は採光部21内を導波する。そのうち、採光面26aに到達した光は、図2(c)に示すように、出射面19の方向に全反射し、出射面19から出射する。   On the other hand, the remaining part of the light reaching the incident part 22 is refracted toward the reflection part 23 by the V groove 22b and is incident on the introduction part 18. In the reflection unit 23, most of the light is reflected so as to approach a direction perpendicular to the width direction of the daylighting unit 21, and the reflected light enters the daylighting unit 21. The light incident on the daylighting unit 21 is guided in the daylighting unit 21. Of these, the light that has reached the daylighting surface 26 a is totally reflected in the direction of the exit surface 19 and exits from the exit surface 19 as shown in FIG.

仮想端面21aから採光部21内に入射した光が全て採光面26aに向かって直進するとは限らず、採光面26aに到達する光には、傾斜面26bや出射面19で全反射しながら採光部21内を導波した後、採光面26aに到達する光もある。傾斜面26bが仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に向かって下降傾斜するように形成されている。そのため、直接採光面26aに向かって導波する以外の光が導波を繰り返すうちに、仮想平面P1と平行な方向に近づき、結果として採光面26aで効率良く、出射面19の方向に全反射させることができる。   The light that has entered the daylighting unit 21 from the virtual end surface 21 a does not always travel straight toward the daylighting surface 26 a, and the light that reaches the daylighting surface 26 a is totally reflected by the inclined surface 26 b or the exit surface 19, and the daylighting unit There is also light that reaches the daylighting surface 26 a after being guided through the light 21. The inclined surface 26b is formed so as to be inclined downward from the virtual end surface 21a side toward the opposing surface 21b side. Therefore, as light other than being guided directly toward the daylighting surface 26a is repeatedly guided, the light approaches the direction parallel to the virtual plane P1, and as a result, is efficiently reflected by the daylighting surface 26a and totally reflected in the direction of the exit surface 19. Can be made.

点状光源15から正面に向かって出射された光と、点状光源15から採光面26aに対して斜めに出射された光とを比較すると、後者の方が採光面26aで全反射して突条27内に進んだ後、突条27の表面から液晶パネル12に向かって出射される割合が大きい。これは、次の理由による。   Comparing the light emitted from the point light source 15 toward the front and the light emitted obliquely from the point light source 15 with respect to the lighting surface 26a, the latter is totally reflected by the lighting surface 26a and protrudes. After proceeding into the stripe 27, the ratio of light emitted from the surface of the protrusion 27 toward the liquid crystal panel 12 is large. This is due to the following reason.

点状光源15から正面に出射された光は、採光面26aで仮想平面P1に略垂直に反射され、点状光源15から斜めに出射された光は、採光面26aで仮想平面P1に対して斜めに反射される。前者の光は、突条27の斜面の法線とのなす角が大きいため、突条27で反射され、内部に導波するものの割合が大きい。後者の光は、突条27の斜面の法線とのなす角が小さいため、突条27から外部に出射されるものの割合が大きい。そして、突条27から外部に出射されるとき、突条27の斜面における屈折により、後者の光の進行方向は仮想平面P1と垂直な方向に近づく。   The light emitted to the front from the point light source 15 is reflected substantially perpendicularly to the virtual plane P1 by the lighting surface 26a, and the light emitted obliquely from the point light source 15 to the virtual plane P1 by the lighting surface 26a. Reflected diagonally. Since the former light has a large angle with the normal of the slope of the ridge 27, the ratio of the light reflected by the ridge 27 and guided to the inside is large. Since the latter light has a small angle with the normal of the slope of the ridge 27, the ratio of the light emitted from the ridge 27 to the outside is large. And when it radiates | emits outside from the protrusion 27, the advancing direction of the latter light approaches the direction perpendicular | vertical to the virtual plane P1 by the refraction in the slope of the protrusion 27.

このため、点状光源15から斜めの方向では、突条27が存在する場合には、出射面19の正面に出射する光の割合が大きくなり、突条27が存在しない場合には、出射面19の正面に出射する光の割合が小さくなる。反対に、点状光源15の正面方向では、突条27が存在する場合には、出射面19の正面に出射する光の割合が小さくなり、突条27が存在しない場合には、出射面19の正面に出射する光の割合が大きくなる。   For this reason, in the oblique direction from the point light source 15, when the protrusion 27 is present, the ratio of the light emitted to the front surface of the emission surface 19 is increased, and when the protrusion 27 is not present, the emission surface is provided. The ratio of the light emitted to the front of 19 is reduced. On the contrary, in the front direction of the point light source 15, when the protrusion 27 is present, the ratio of the light emitted to the front surface of the emission surface 19 decreases, and when the protrusion 27 does not exist, the emission surface 19. The ratio of the light emitted to the front of is increased.

そのため、点状光源15の指向性と関連して、突条27の頂角K、V溝22bの頂角α、反射部23の角度γの値やV溝22bの開放端の幅Mと、V溝22bのピッチPとの比M/Pが出射面19から出射される光の輝度や輝度ムラに大きく影響する。また、反射部20の形状も前記輝度や輝度ムラに影響を与える。   Therefore, in relation to the directivity of the point light source 15, the value of the apex angle K of the ridge 27, the apex angle α of the V groove 22b, the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23, and the width M of the open end of the V groove 22b, The ratio M / P with the pitch P of the V-groove 22b greatly affects the luminance and luminance unevenness of the light emitted from the emission surface 19. Further, the shape of the reflecting portion 20 also affects the luminance and luminance unevenness.

本願発明者らは、光学シミュレーションにより、突条27の頂角K、V溝22bの頂角α、反射部23の角度γ、V溝22bの幅MとピッチPとの比M/Pが前記特定の組合せの場合に、面光源装置13において、輝線の発生を抑制するとともに点状光源15から導光板14に入射された入射光の利用率を高めることを見いだした。   The inventors of the present application determined by optical simulation that the ratio M / P of the apex angle K of the ridge 27, the apex angle α of the V groove 22b, the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23, the width M of the V groove 22b and the pitch P is In the case of a specific combination, the surface light source device 13 was found to suppress generation of bright lines and increase the utilization rate of incident light incident on the light guide plate 14 from the point light source 15.

シミュレーションは図2(a),(b)に示すように、4個の点状光源15を備え、出射面19と反対側の面に鋸歯状の溝26を備えた導光板14において、輝線輝度比及び中心輝度に対する、突条27の頂角K、V溝22bの頂角α、反射部23の角度γ、V溝22bの幅MとピッチPとの比M/Pを変更して行った。結果を表1〜表4及び図4〜図7に示す。   In the simulation, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the brightness of the emission line is obtained in the light guide plate 14 having four point light sources 15 and having a sawtooth groove 26 on the surface opposite to the emission surface 19. The ratio M / P of the apex angle K of the ridge 27, the apex angle α of the V groove 22b, the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23, and the width M and pitch P of the V groove 22b with respect to the ratio and the center luminance was changed. . The results are shown in Tables 1 to 4 and FIGS.

なお、図2(a)〜(c)及び図1(b)に示す導光板14及び点状光源15の各部の値を次のように設定した。
導光板長さ:L=56mm、導光板幅:W=56mm、導入部の長さ:L2=5.6mm、導入部の基端幅:W2=14mm、突条のピッチ=250μm、導光板の初期板厚:t0=0.96mm、導光板の最終板厚:te=0.4mm、点状光源の幅=2.5mm、点状光源の長さ=1.0mm、鋸歯長さ:L3=0.24mm、採光面の角度:θ1=43度、傾斜面の角度:θ2=0.7度。
In addition, the value of each part of the light-guide plate 14 shown in FIG. 2 (a)-(c) and FIG.1 (b) and the point light source 15 was set as follows.
Light guide plate length: L = 56 mm, light guide plate width: W = 56 mm, introduction portion length: L2 = 5.6 mm, introduction portion base end width: W2 = 14 mm, protrusion pitch = 250 μm, light guide plate length Initial plate thickness: t0 = 0.96 mm, final light guide plate thickness: te = 0.4 mm, point light source width = 2.5 mm, point light source length = 1.0 mm, sawtooth length: L3 = 0.24 mm, angle of the lighting surface: θ1 = 43 degrees, angle of the inclined surface: θ2 = 0.7 degrees.

Figure 2005347208
Figure 2005347208

Figure 2005347208
Figure 2005347208

Figure 2005347208
Figure 2005347208

Figure 2005347208
表1はV溝22bの頂角αを60度に設定し、突条27(縦プリズム)の頂角K、反射部23の角度γ、V溝22bの開放端の幅MのピッチPに対する割合を%として表したβ(=(M/P)×100)を変更した場合の輝線輝度比の値を示し、図4(a),(b),(c)はそれらをグラフに表したものである。表2は同じく中心輝度の値を示し、図5(a),(b),(c)はそれらをグラフに表したものである。
Figure 2005347208
Table 1 shows that the apex angle α of the V groove 22b is set to 60 degrees, the apex angle K of the protrusion 27 (vertical prism), the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23, and the ratio of the width M of the open end of the V groove 22b to the pitch P. Fig. 4 (a), (b), and (c) are graphs showing the values of the bright line luminance ratio when β (= (M / P) x 100) is expressed as a percentage. It is. Table 2 shows the values of the central luminance, and FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C are graphs showing them.

表3は反射部23の角度γを30度に設定し、突条27の頂角K、V溝22bの頂角α、V溝22bの開放端の幅MのピッチPに対する割合を%として表したβ(=(M/P)×100)を変更した場合の輝線輝度比の値を示し、図6(a),(b),(c)はそれらをグラフに表したものである。表4は同じく中心輝度の値を示し、図7(a),(b),(c)はそれらをグラフに表したものである。   Table 3 shows that the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23 is set to 30 degrees, and the ratio of the apex angle K of the ridge 27, the apex angle α of the V groove 22b, and the width M of the open end of the V groove 22b to the pitch P is expressed as%. The bright line luminance ratio values when β (= (M / P) × 100) is changed are shown in FIGS. 6 (a), 6 (b), and 6 (c). Table 4 also shows the value of the central luminance, and FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are graphs showing them.

なお、輝線輝度比とは、出射面19の輝度ムラの最も大きな箇所、一般に採光部21の仮想端面21aからの距離が導光板長さLの2〜3割の位置において、導光板14の幅方向における各点の輝度を測定した際の、輝度の極大値と極小値との比を意味する。即ち、図3に示すように、導光板14の幅方向の端部からの距離を横軸xとし、輝度を縦軸にして測定値を表示すると、輝度は極大値と極小値を有するように変化するので、その極大値Aと極小値Bとの比A/Bが輝線輝度比となる。輝線輝度比の値が1に近いほど輝度ムラが小さいことを意味する。そして、輝線輝度比が1.1未満であれば実用上問題とならない。また、中心輝度は、出射面19の輝度の最大値を1としたときの中心部の輝度の相対値を表す。そして、中心輝度が0.7未満では突条27による輝度向上効果がないと見なせる。   The bright line luminance ratio is the width of the light guide plate 14 at a position where the luminance unevenness of the emission surface 19 is the largest, generally at a position where the distance from the virtual end surface 21a of the daylighting portion 21 is 20-30% of the light guide plate length L. It means the ratio between the maximum value and the minimum value of luminance when the luminance of each point in the direction is measured. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when the measured value is displayed with the horizontal axis x as the distance from the end of the light guide plate 14 in the width direction and the luminance as the vertical axis, the luminance has a maximum value and a minimum value. Since it changes, the ratio A / B between the maximum value A and the minimum value B becomes the bright line luminance ratio. The closer the value of the bright line luminance ratio is to 1, the smaller the luminance unevenness. If the bright line luminance ratio is less than 1.1, there is no practical problem. The center luminance represents a relative value of the luminance of the central portion when the maximum luminance value of the emission surface 19 is 1. If the center luminance is less than 0.7, it can be considered that there is no luminance improvement effect by the protrusion 27.

表1,2及び図4,5から、V溝22bの頂角αを60度に設定した場合、反射部23の角度γが15度〜45度、突条27の頂角Kが135度〜150度、V溝22bの開放端の幅MのピッチPに対する割合βが30%〜70%の範囲の組み合わせで、輝線が実用上問題とならず、突条27の輝度向上効果が得られることが確認できる。また、βが50%〜70%のときには、輝度ムラがより小さくなる。   From Tables 1 and 2 and FIGS. 4 and 5, when the apex angle α of the V groove 22 b is set to 60 degrees, the angle γ of the reflecting portion 23 is 15 degrees to 45 degrees, and the apex angle K of the protrusions 27 is 135 degrees to When the ratio β is 150 ° and the ratio β of the width M of the open end of the V groove 22b to the pitch P is in the range of 30% to 70%, the bright line does not become a practical problem, and the brightness improvement effect of the protrusion 27 can be obtained. Can be confirmed. Further, when β is 50% to 70%, the luminance unevenness becomes smaller.

表3,4及び図6,7から、反射部23の角度γを30度に設定した場合、V溝22bの頂角αが60度〜90度、突条27の頂角Kが135度〜150度、V溝22bの開放端の幅MとピッチPとの割合βが30%〜70%のときに、輝線が実用上問題とならず、突条27の輝度向上効果があることが確認できる。   From Tables 3 and 4 and FIGS. 6 and 7, when the angle γ of the reflection portion 23 is set to 30 degrees, the vertex angle α of the V groove 22 b is 60 degrees to 90 degrees, and the vertex angle K of the protrusion 27 is 135 degrees to When the ratio β between the open end width M and the pitch P of the V-groove 22b is 30% to 70% at 150 degrees, it is confirmed that the bright line is not a problem in practice and the brightness of the protrusion 27 is improved. it can.

また、表1〜4及び図4〜7から、突条27の頂角Kが大きくなると輝度ムラが小さくなり、突条27の頂角Kが小さくなると中心輝度が高くなることが確認できる。
この実施形態では以下の効果を有する。
Further, from Tables 1 to 4 and FIGS. 4 to 7, it can be confirmed that the luminance unevenness decreases as the apex angle K of the ridge 27 increases, and the central luminance increases as the apex angle K of the ridge 27 decreases.
This embodiment has the following effects.

(1)導光板14は、入射された光を拡散させる導入部18と、導入部18に連続して形成され、導入部18から導入された光を出射する出射面19及び出射面19の反対側に形成された反射部20を有する板状の採光部21とを備えている。出射面19には採光部21の導入部18側の仮想端面21aと直交する方向に延びるとともに頂角が135度〜150度のプリズム状の突条27が複数設けられている。従って、拡散ドットを使用して点状光源15から出射された光の指向性を緩和する構成に比較して、出射面19からの出射光の集光性が高められる。   (1) The light guide plate 14 is formed continuously with the introduction portion 18 for diffusing incident light, the emission surface 19 for emitting the light introduced from the introduction portion 18, and the opposite of the emission surface 19. And a plate-shaped daylighting portion 21 having a reflection portion 20 formed on the side. The exit surface 19 is provided with a plurality of prismatic protrusions 27 extending in a direction orthogonal to the virtual end surface 21a on the introduction portion 18 side of the daylighting portion 21 and having an apex angle of 135 degrees to 150 degrees. Therefore, the condensing property of the emitted light from the emission surface 19 is enhanced as compared with the configuration in which the directivity of the light emitted from the point light source 15 is reduced using the diffusion dots.

(2)導入部18は、光の入射側から採光部21側に向かって拡がる対称形状に形成されるとともにその両側面が端面と直交する面との成す角度γが15度〜45度に形成され、導入部18の点状光源15と対向する面は頂角αが60度〜90度のV溝22bが形成されている。そして、V溝22bの開放端の幅Mと、隣接するV溝22bのピッチPとの比M/Pが0.3〜0.7、即ちM/Pの割合βが30%〜70%に形成されている。従って、点状光源15からの光が、導入部18によって適度に拡散されるため、複数の点状光源15の間と対応する箇所に暗部ができたり、逆に点状光源15の正面に明部ができたりすることが抑制され、導光板14から出射される光の点状光源15近傍に発生する輝度ムラが低減する。そして、プリズム状の突条27の頂角Kを135度〜150度とする構成を加えることで、複数の点状光源15から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板14を備えた面光源装置13において、輝線の発生を抑制するとともに点状光源15から導光板14に入射された入射光の利用率を高めることができる。   (2) The introduction portion 18 is formed in a symmetrical shape that spreads from the light incident side toward the daylighting portion 21 side, and an angle γ formed by a side surface of the introduction portion 18 that is orthogonal to the end face is formed at 15 degrees to 45 degrees. In addition, a surface of the introducing portion 18 facing the point light source 15 is formed with a V groove 22b having an apex angle α of 60 degrees to 90 degrees. The ratio M / P between the width M of the open end of the V groove 22b and the pitch P of the adjacent V groove 22b is 0.3 to 0.7, that is, the ratio β of M / P is 30% to 70%. Is formed. Accordingly, since the light from the point light source 15 is appropriately diffused by the introducing portion 18, a dark portion is formed at a position corresponding to between the plurality of point light sources 15, or conversely, the light is bright in front of the point light source 15. The generation of a portion is suppressed, and luminance unevenness generated in the vicinity of the point light source 15 of the light emitted from the light guide plate 14 is reduced. Then, by adding a configuration in which the apex angle K of the prism-shaped protrusion 27 is set to 135 degrees to 150 degrees, the light emitted from the plurality of point light sources 15 is incident, converted into a planar shape, and emitted. In the surface light source device 13 including the light guide plate 14, generation of bright lines can be suppressed and the utilization rate of incident light incident on the light guide plate 14 from the point light source 15 can be increased.

(3)前記比M/Pを0.5〜0.7、即ち割合βを50%〜70%にすることにより、輝線が目立たずに輝度を高めるのが容易になる。
(4)採光部21はプリズム状の突条27が一体に形成されている。従って、プリズムシートを用いる必要がないため、面光源装置13を構成する部品点数が少なくなって、組立工数を低減でき、製造コストを低減できる。導光板14に突条27を形成する必要があるが、導光板14は金型を使用して射出成形等で製造されるため、金型のコストが多少高くなるが、多数の導光板14を製造することにより、一枚当たりの導光板14の製造コストは、突条27を設けない導光板の製造コストと、プリズムシートの単価との合計より低くできる。
(3) By setting the ratio M / P to 0.5 to 0.7, that is, the ratio β to 50% to 70%, it becomes easy to increase the luminance without making the bright line noticeable.
(4) The daylighting unit 21 is integrally formed with a prism-shaped protrusion 27. Therefore, since it is not necessary to use a prism sheet, the number of parts constituting the surface light source device 13 is reduced, the number of assembling steps can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Although it is necessary to form the protrusions 27 on the light guide plate 14, since the light guide plate 14 is manufactured by injection molding or the like using a mold, the cost of the mold is slightly increased. By manufacturing, the manufacturing cost of the light guide plate 14 per sheet can be made lower than the sum of the manufacturing cost of the light guide plate without the protrusions 27 and the unit price of the prism sheet.

(5)採光部21の裏面には、仮想端面21aに沿って延びるとともに導入部18から入射された光を出射面19から出射する方向に反射させる採光面26aを構成する溝26が複数形成されている。従って、裏面にドットを設ける場合に比較して、出射面19から出射される光の向きのばらつきを小さくすることができる。   (5) On the back surface of the daylighting unit 21, a plurality of grooves 26 are formed that constitute the daylighting surface 26a that extends along the virtual end surface 21a and reflects the light incident from the introduction unit 18 in the direction of exiting from the exit surface 19. ing. Therefore, the variation in the direction of the light emitted from the emission surface 19 can be reduced as compared with the case where dots are provided on the back surface.

(6)採光部21の裏面に形成される溝26が、反射部20の断面形状が鋸歯状で、導光板14の板厚tが、仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に指数関数的に減少するように形成されているため、採光部21に入射した光をより効率良く、かつ出射面19全体でのばらつきを抑制した状態で出射面19から出射させることができる。また、板厚tが、前記関数Fでn=1.5としたときの各部の値を満たすように設定されている場合は、より効率良く、かつ出射面19全体でのばらつきを抑制した状態で出射面19から出射させることができる。   (6) The groove 26 formed on the back surface of the daylighting unit 21 has a sawtooth cross-sectional shape of the reflection unit 20, and the thickness t of the light guide plate 14 is exponentially from the virtual end surface 21a side to the opposing surface 21b side. Since it is formed so as to decrease, the light incident on the daylighting unit 21 can be emitted from the emission surface 19 in a more efficient manner while suppressing variations in the entire emission surface 19. Further, when the plate thickness t is set so as to satisfy the value of each part when n = 1.5 in the function F, the state where the variation in the entire emission surface 19 is suppressed more efficiently. Can be emitted from the emission surface 19.

(7)面光源装置13は拡散シート17を備えている。従って、導光板14において輝線が完全には防止できない場合でも、導光板14から出射された光が拡散シート17を通過して液晶パネル12に入射する際には、輝線を肉眼で判別できない状態にすることができる。   (7) The surface light source device 13 includes a diffusion sheet 17. Therefore, even when the bright line cannot be completely prevented in the light guide plate 14, when the light emitted from the light guide plate 14 passes through the diffusion sheet 17 and enters the liquid crystal panel 12, the bright line cannot be distinguished with the naked eye. can do.

実施の形態は前記に限定されるものではなく、例えば、次のように具体化してもよい。
○ 入射部22に形成される複数のV溝22bの開放端の幅M及びV溝22bのピッチPの値は同じに限らず異なる値のV溝22bが混在してもよい。その場合は、幅MのピッチPに対する割合β%を算出する際に、平均値で算出し、平均値が30%〜70%、好ましくは50%〜70%であればよい。
The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
The values of the width M of the open ends of the plurality of V grooves 22b formed in the incident portion 22 and the pitch P of the V grooves 22b are not limited to the same, and V grooves 22b having different values may be mixed. In that case, when calculating the ratio β% of the width M to the pitch P, it is calculated as an average value, and the average value may be 30% to 70%, preferably 50% to 70%.

○ 突条27は断面が二等辺三角形状のプリズムに限らず、プリズム状であればよい。ここでプリズム状とは、断面が二等辺三角形状のプリズム及び該プリズムに近い形状を意味し、例えば、図8(a)に示すように、断面二等辺三角形状のプリズムの二つの斜面27aの基部側が曲面に形成された形状や、図8(b)に示すように、断面二等辺三角形のプリズムの頂角の部分が曲面に形成された形状としてもよい。図8(b)に示す突条27の場合、頂角Kは二つの斜面27aの平面部分が成す角度となる。これらの突条27を設けた場合も、三角プリズムで構成された突条27を設けた場合とほぼ同様な効果が得られる。   The ridge 27 is not limited to a prism having a cross section of an isosceles triangle, but may be a prism shape. Here, the prism shape means a prism having a cross section of an isosceles triangle and a shape close to the prism. For example, as shown in FIG. A shape in which the base side is formed in a curved surface or a shape in which the apex angle portion of a prism having an isosceles triangle cross section is formed in a curved surface as shown in FIG. In the case of the ridge 27 shown in FIG. 8B, the apex angle K is an angle formed by the plane portions of the two inclined surfaces 27a. When these protrusions 27 are provided, substantially the same effect as that when the protrusions 27 formed of triangular prisms are provided can be obtained.

○ プリズム状には、図8(c),(d)に示すように、二つの斜面27a全体が曲面で構成された形状も含む。図8(c)に示すシリンドリカルな突条27では、長手方向と直交する断面において、突条27の基端の両側における2本の接線CLの成す角度が頂角Kとなり、図8(d)に示す逆シリンドリカルな突条27では、長手方向と直交する断面において、隣接する突条27の頂部における接線CLの成す角度が頂角Kとなる。これらの突条27を設けた場合も、三角プリズムで構成された突条27を設けた場合とほぼ同様な効果が得られる。   As shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the prism shape includes a shape in which the entire two inclined surfaces 27a are curved surfaces. In the cylindrical ridge 27 shown in FIG. 8C, in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, the angle formed by the two tangent lines CL on both sides of the base end of the ridge 27 becomes the apex angle K, and FIG. In the reverse cylindrical ridge 27 shown in FIG. 2, the angle formed by the tangent line CL at the apex of the adjacent ridge 27 is the apex angle K in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. When these protrusions 27 are provided, substantially the same effect as that when the protrusions 27 formed of triangular prisms are provided can be obtained.

○ 突条27は採光部21、即ち導光板14と一体に形成されている構成に限らない。例えば、プリズム状の突条27が所定ピッチで形成されたプリズムシートを採光部21の出射面19に接着剤で接着してもよい。接着剤には、透明な紫外線硬化型接着剤や高分子系接着剤等が使用される。また、プリズムシートを採光部21の出射面19に接着剤で接着せずに、出射面19上に載置する構成としてもよい。   The ridge 27 is not limited to the structure formed integrally with the daylighting unit 21, that is, the light guide plate 14. For example, a prism sheet in which the prismatic protrusions 27 are formed at a predetermined pitch may be bonded to the emission surface 19 of the daylighting unit 21 with an adhesive. As the adhesive, a transparent ultraviolet curable adhesive, a polymer adhesive, or the like is used. Alternatively, the prism sheet may be placed on the emission surface 19 without being bonded to the emission surface 19 of the daylighting unit 21 with an adhesive.

○ 採光部21は、板厚tがマクロ的に見て仮想端面21a側から対向面21b側に向かって次第に薄くなるほぼ楔状に限らず、マクロ的に見て一定な形状としてもよい。
○ 採光部21の出射面19と反対側に設けられる反射部20は、採光面26aと傾斜面26bとが交互に連続する鋸歯状の溝26を備えた構成に限らず、導入部18から入射されて板厚方向と直交する方向に進む光を出射面19に向けて全反射させる斜面を備えた構成であればよい。例えば、仮想端面21aと平行に延びるV溝や断面直角三角形状の溝が複数平行に形成された構成や、出射面19と反対側の面に円錐状あるいは角錐状の凹部を設けることで形成された複数のマイクロレンズを備えた構成としてもよい。
The daylighting unit 21 is not limited to a substantially wedge shape in which the plate thickness t gradually decreases from the virtual end surface 21a side to the opposing surface 21b side when viewed macroscopically, but may have a constant shape when viewed macroscopically.
The reflecting part 20 provided on the side opposite to the emission surface 19 of the daylighting unit 21 is not limited to the configuration provided with the sawtooth-shaped grooves 26 in which the daylighting surfaces 26a and the inclined surfaces 26b are alternately continuous, and is incident from the introduction unit 18. Any configuration may be used as long as it has an inclined surface that totally reflects the light traveling in the direction orthogonal to the plate thickness direction toward the emission surface 19. For example, it is formed by a configuration in which a plurality of V-grooves extending in parallel with the virtual end surface 21a or grooves having a right-angled triangular section are formed in parallel, or by providing a conical or pyramidal concave portion on the surface opposite to the emission surface 19. Alternatively, a configuration including a plurality of microlenses may be employed.

〇 面光源装置13において拡散シート17を省略してもよい。拡散シート17を設ける方が、面光源装置13の出射面全体の輝度ムラを低くすることができる。しかし、面光源装置13が使用される表示装置に要求される表示部の精細度によっては、拡散シート17を省略しても、輝度ムラが気にならない状態に抑制できる。   The diffusion sheet 17 may be omitted from the surface light source device 13. The provision of the diffusion sheet 17 can reduce the luminance unevenness of the entire emission surface of the surface light source device 13. However, depending on the definition of the display unit required for the display device using the surface light source device 13, even if the diffusion sheet 17 is omitted, it is possible to suppress the brightness unevenness from being noticed.

○ 導光板14に使用される材料としては、透明で成形型を使用して加工をすることができるものが好ましく、例えば、アクリル樹脂に限らず、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、MS樹脂(メタクリルスチレン樹脂)、シクロオレフィン樹脂等が使用される。   ○ The material used for the light guide plate 14 is preferably a transparent material that can be processed using a mold, for example, not only acrylic resin, but also polycarbonate, polystyrene, MS resin (methacrylstyrene resin), A cycloolefin resin or the like is used.

○ 導光板14をガラス板で形成してもよい。しかし、ガラス板に突条27や溝26等をエッチングで加工するのはコストが高くなる。
○ 面光源装置13はバックライト用に限らず、他の照明装置やディスプレイ装置の発光源として使用してもよい。
○ The light guide plate 14 may be formed of a glass plate. However, it is expensive to process the protrusions 27 and the grooves 26 on the glass plate by etching.
The surface light source device 13 is not limited to the backlight, but may be used as a light source for other illumination devices or display devices.

以下の技術的思想(発明)は前記実施の形態から把握できる。
(1)請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記採光部は反射部として、採光部の入射側仮想端面と平行に延びるとともに前記入射された光を前記出射面から出射する方向に反射させる採光面を構成する溝が複数形成されている。
The following technical idea (invention) can be understood from the embodiment.
(1) In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the daylighting unit is a reflection unit, and extends in parallel with an incident side virtual end surface of the daylighting unit and transmits the incident light to the emission surface. A plurality of grooves constituting a daylighting surface to be reflected in the direction of emission from the light source are formed.

(2)前記技術的思想(1)に記載の発明において、前記採光部における導光板の各溝の最深部から前記出射面まで距離としての板厚tが、前記仮想端面側から対向面側へと指数関数的に単調減少するように設定されている。   (2) In the invention described in the technical idea (1), a plate thickness t as a distance from the deepest part of each groove of the light guide plate in the daylighting unit to the emission surface is from the virtual end surface side to the opposing surface side. And is set to decrease monotonically exponentially.

(3)入射された光を拡散させる導入部と、前記導入部に連続して形成され、前記導入部から導入された光を出射する出射面及び出射面の反対側に形成された反射部を有する板状の採光部とを備え、前記出射面には前記採光部の導入部側の仮想端面と直交する方向に延びるとともに頂角が135度〜150度のプリズム状の突条が複数設けられ、前記導入部は、光の入射側から前記採光部側に向かって拡がる対称形状に形成されるとともにその両側面が前記仮想端面と直交する面との成す角度が15度〜45度に形成され、前記導入部の前記点状光源と対向する面には導光板の厚さ方向に延びる複数のV溝が形成され、前記V溝は頂角が60度〜90度、開放端の幅Mと隣接するV溝のピッチPとの比M/Pが0.3〜0.7に形成されている導光板。   (3) An introduction part that diffuses incident light, an emission surface that is formed continuously from the introduction part, emits light introduced from the introduction part, and a reflection part that is formed on the opposite side of the emission surface. A plurality of prismatic protrusions extending in a direction perpendicular to the virtual end surface on the introduction portion side of the daylighting section and having an apex angle of 135 degrees to 150 degrees. The introduction part is formed in a symmetric shape that spreads from the light incident side toward the daylighting part side, and an angle formed between a side surface of the introduction part and a surface orthogonal to the virtual end face is 15 degrees to 45 degrees. A plurality of V-grooves extending in the thickness direction of the light guide plate are formed on a surface of the introducing portion facing the point light source, and the V-groove has an apex angle of 60 to 90 degrees and an open end width M. The ratio M / P with the pitch P of the adjacent V groove is 0.3 to 0.7. The light guide plate.

(a)は一実施形態の導光板と点状光源の関係を示す模式斜視図、(b)は導入部と点状光源の関係を示す模式平面図、(c)は液晶表示装置の模式図。(A) is a schematic perspective view which shows the relationship between the light-guide plate of one Embodiment, and a point light source, (b) is a schematic top view which shows the relationship between an introducing | transducing part and a point light source, (c) is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display device. . (a)は導光板の模式平面図、(b)は模式側面図、(c)は採光部の部分模式側面図。(A) is a schematic plan view of a light-guide plate, (b) is a schematic side view, (c) is a partial schematic side view of a lighting part. 輝線輝度比の求め方を示すグラフ。The graph which shows how to obtain | require an emission line luminance ratio. (a)〜(c)は輝線輝度比とプリズム状突条の頂角との関係を示すグラフ。(A)-(c) is a graph which shows the relationship between a bright line luminance ratio and the apex angle of a prismatic protrusion. (a)〜(c)は中心輝度とプリズム状突条の頂角との関係を示すグラフ。(A)-(c) is a graph which shows the relationship between center brightness | luminance and the apex angle of a prism-shaped protrusion. (a)〜(c)は輝線輝度比とプリズム状突条の頂角との関係を示すグラフ。(A)-(c) is a graph which shows the relationship between a bright line luminance ratio and the apex angle of a prismatic protrusion. (a)〜(c)は中心輝度とプリズム状突条の頂角との関係を示すグラフ。(A)-(c) is a graph which shows the relationship between center brightness | luminance and the apex angle of a prism-shaped protrusion. (a)〜(d)は突条の別の実施形態を示す模式図。(A)-(d) is a schematic diagram which shows another embodiment of a protrusion. 従来技術の面光源装置の分解模式斜視図。The disassembled model perspective view of the surface light source device of a prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

α,K…頂角、γ,θ1,θ2…角度、M…幅、P…ピッチ、13…面光源装置、14…導光板、15…点状光源、18…導入部、19…出射面、20…反射部、21…採光部、21a…仮想端面、22b…V溝、23…側面としての反射部、24…面、27…突条。   α, K ... vertex angle, γ, θ1, θ2 ... angle, M ... width, P ... pitch, 13 ... surface light source device, 14 ... light guide plate, 15 ... point light source, 18 ... introduction part, 19 ... exit surface, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Reflection part, 21 ... Daylighting part, 21a ... Virtual end surface, 22b ... V-groove, 23 ... Reflection part as side, 24 ... Surface, 27 ... Projection.

Claims (4)

複数の点状光源から出射された光を入射するとともに、面状に変換して出射する導光板を備えた面光源装置であって、
前記導光板は、入射された光を拡散させる導入部と、前記導入部に連続して形成され、前記導入部から導入された光を出射する出射面及び出射面の反対側に形成された反射部を有する板状の採光部とを備え、前記出射面には前記採光部の導入部側の仮想端面と直交する方向に延びるとともに頂角が135度〜150度のプリズム状の突条が複数設けられ、前記導入部は、光の入射側から前記採光部側に向かって拡がる対称形状に形成されるとともにその両側面が前記仮想端面と直交する面との成す角度が15度〜45度に形成され、前記導入部の前記点状光源と対向する面には導光板の厚さ方向に延びる複数のV溝が形成され、前記V溝は頂角が60度〜90度、開放端の幅Mと隣接するV溝のピッチPとの比M/Pが0.3〜0.7に形成されている面光源装置。
A surface light source device that includes a light guide plate that receives light emitted from a plurality of point light sources, converts the light into a planar shape, and emits the light.
The light guide plate is formed continuously with the introduction part for diffusing incident light, the emission surface for emitting the light introduced from the introduction part, and a reflection formed on the opposite side of the emission surface. A plurality of prismatic ridges extending in a direction perpendicular to the virtual end surface on the introduction portion side of the daylighting section and having an apex angle of 135 degrees to 150 degrees. The introduction part is formed in a symmetric shape that spreads from the light incident side toward the daylighting part side, and the angle formed between the side surfaces of the introduction part and the surface perpendicular to the virtual end face is 15 degrees to 45 degrees. A plurality of V-grooves extending in the thickness direction of the light guide plate are formed on a surface of the introducing portion facing the point light source, and the V-groove has an apex angle of 60 degrees to 90 degrees and an open end width. The ratio M / P between M and the pitch P of the adjacent V groove is 0.3 to 0.7. It is to have the surface light source device.
前記比M/Pは0.5〜0.7に形成されている請求項1に記載の面光源装置。   The surface light source device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio M / P is formed to be 0.5 to 0.7. 前記プリズム状の突条は前記採光部と別体に形成されたプリズムシートで構成されている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の面光源装置。   The surface light source device according to claim 1, wherein the prism-shaped protrusion is formed of a prism sheet formed separately from the daylighting unit. 前記採光部は前記プリズム状の突条が一体に形成されている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の面光源装置。   The surface light source device according to claim 1, wherein the daylighting unit is integrally formed with the prism-shaped protrusions.
JP2004168514A 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Flat light source device Pending JP2005347208A (en)

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