JP2005332963A - Light emitting device - Google Patents

Light emitting device Download PDF

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JP2005332963A
JP2005332963A JP2004149674A JP2004149674A JP2005332963A JP 2005332963 A JP2005332963 A JP 2005332963A JP 2004149674 A JP2004149674 A JP 2004149674A JP 2004149674 A JP2004149674 A JP 2004149674A JP 2005332963 A JP2005332963 A JP 2005332963A
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light
emitting device
phosphor
light emitting
emits
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Eiichi Asada
榮一 浅田
Tadashi Endo
忠 遠藤
Kazuo Nagashima
和郎 永島
Masami Nakamura
正美 中村
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Shoei Chemical Inc
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Shoei Chemical Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
    • H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091—Arched
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/49—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of wire connectors
    • H01L2224/491—Disposition
    • H01L2224/49105—Connecting at different heights
    • H01L2224/49107—Connecting at different heights on the semiconductor or solid-state body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
    • H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
    • H01L2224/73265—Layer and wire connectors

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light emitting device which assures little fluctuation in emission of light and enables high luminance light emission. <P>SOLUTION: The light emitting device comprises a light emitting element 3 and a fluorescent material region, in which the fluorescent material particles 8 which absorb the light emitted from a light emitting element 3 and emit the lights of different wavelengths are dispersed into a binder. The fluorescent material region is formed of a fluorescent material layer 5 in which a rate of volume of the fluorescent material particles 8 per unit volume is 10% or more. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ＬＥＤディスプレイ、バックライト光源、信号機、及び各種インジケータなどに利用される発光装置に係り、特に発光素子からの発光を波長変換して、所望の色相、彩度、明度を演出することが可能で、透明度の劣化、輝度の低下、色むらのない均一な発光を得ることができる波長変換発光装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a light-emitting device used for an LED display, a backlight light source, a traffic light, and various indicators, and in particular, converts light emitted from a light-emitting element to produce a desired hue, saturation, and brightness. The present invention relates to a wavelength-converted light-emitting device that can obtain uniform light emission with reduced transparency, reduced brightness, and uneven color.

今日、青色系光を発光する窒化物半導体（例えば、GaxAl1-xN(xは0＜x＜1)）を利用した発光素子（以下、青色半導体発光素子）と該青色系光の一部を吸収して黄色系光を発光する蛍光体を組み合わせて、白色系発光を得る色変換型発光装置や、紫外線を発光する発光素子と該紫外線を吸収して青色系光、緑色系光及び赤色系光を発光する蛍光体から成る白色発光装置が知られている。 Today, a light emitting device using a nitride semiconductor that emits blue light (for example, Ga x Al 1-x N ( x is 0 < x <1)) and the blue light Combined with a phosphor that absorbs yellow light and emits yellow light, a color conversion type light emitting device that obtains white light emission, a light emitting element that emits ultraviolet light, and blue light that absorbs the ultraviolet light, green light In addition, a white light emitting device made of a phosphor that emits red light is known.

この発光装置は、例えば、リード電極に電気的に接続させた半導体窒化物からなる発光素子からの青色系光と、該発光素子を封止する透光性樹脂等のバインダー中に分散されたＹＡＧ：Ｃｅ等の蛍光物質から発光される黄色系光とを混色してなる白色系光を、凸レンズを介して発光するものである。   This light emitting device is, for example, a blue light from a light emitting element made of a semiconductor nitride electrically connected to a lead electrode, and a YAG dispersed in a binder such as a translucent resin that seals the light emitting element. : White light formed by mixing yellow light emitted from a fluorescent substance such as Ce is emitted through a convex lens.

また、この発光装置は蛍光物質の種類や使用量により、青味がかった白色から黄色味がかった白色などの光を任意に放出させることができる。更に、例えば赤色系光を発光する蛍光体を添加して、演色性を向上した白色系光を得ることもできる。   In addition, this light emitting device can arbitrarily emit light from a bluish white to a yellowish white depending on the type and amount of the fluorescent substance. Furthermore, for example, a phosphor that emits red light can be added to obtain white light with improved color rendering.

特開平９−２６５１１号公報JP-A-9-26511 特開２００２−３０４１２９号公報JP 2002-304129 A 特開２００２−５０８００号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-50800

このような発光装置では、バインダー中に分散した蛍光体粒子によって望ましくない光の反射・散乱を生じる可能性があり、輝度が低下する原因になっていた。この点に関し、特許文献３に記載された発光装置では、透光性樹脂中に分散される蛍光体の含有量を減らすことにより、輝度の低下の防止を図っている。   In such a light emitting device, the phosphor particles dispersed in the binder may cause undesirable light reflection / scattering, which causes a reduction in luminance. In this regard, in the light emitting device described in Patent Document 3, the luminance is prevented from decreasing by reducing the content of the phosphor dispersed in the translucent resin.

しかし、蛍光体の含有量を減らすことは、蛍光体粒子の含有量を増やして発光色を調整する自由度を犠牲にして輝度を稼いでいることに他ならず、根本的な解決にはなっていない。   However, reducing the phosphor content is nothing but a fundamental solution to increase brightness at the expense of the freedom to adjust the emission color by increasing the phosphor particle content. Not.

本発明は、蛍光体粒子が高密度で充填された蛍光体層を介して発光素子からの光を白色に変換することにより上記問題点を解決し、発光のバラツキが無い発光装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above problems by converting light from a light emitting element to white via a phosphor layer filled with phosphor particles at a high density, and provides a light emitting device free from variations in light emission. With the goal.

本発明に係る発光装置は、発光素子と、該発光素子からの光を吸収して異なる波長の光を発光する少なくとも１種の蛍光体粒子をバインダー中に分散した蛍光体領域を該発光素子からの光の光路中に設けた発光装置において、上記蛍光体領域は単位体積当たりの蛍光体粒子の体積割合（以下、単に充填度という）が１０％以上、好ましくは１９％以上、更に好ましくは４０％以上である蛍光体層から成ることを特徴とする。   The light-emitting device according to the present invention includes a light-emitting element and a phosphor region in which at least one phosphor particle that absorbs light from the light-emitting element and emits light of different wavelengths is dispersed in the binder. In the light emitting device provided in the optical path of the light, the phosphor region has a volume ratio of phosphor particles per unit volume (hereinafter simply referred to as a filling degree) of 10% or more, preferably 19% or more, more preferably 40. % Or more of the phosphor layer.

更に、蛍光体粒子の形状は多面体もしくは球形であることが好ましい。これにより、蛍光体が分散されたエポキシ系、アクリル系、ポリカーボネート系、シリコン系等から成るバインダーの流動性が向上し、その操作性が向上すると共に、蛍光体粒子の充填度を高くして、蛍光体層を薄層化できる。また、蛍光体の平均粒径は０．１μm〜１５μmの範囲が好ましい。平均粒径が０．１μmより小さいと蛍光体粒子自身の発光輝度が低下する傾向があり、また、１５μmを超えると発光効率が低下するからである。   Furthermore, the shape of the phosphor particles is preferably a polyhedron or a sphere. This improves the fluidity of the binder made of epoxy, acrylic, polycarbonate, silicon, etc. in which the phosphor is dispersed, improves its operability, and increases the filling degree of the phosphor particles, The phosphor layer can be thinned. The average particle size of the phosphor is preferably in the range of 0.1 μm to 15 μm. This is because if the average particle size is smaller than 0.1 μm, the luminance of the phosphor particles tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 15 μm, the luminous efficiency decreases.

更に、本発明において、窒化物半導体より成り青色系の光を発光する発光素子と、黄緑色から橙色系の光を発光する蛍光体粒子から成る蛍光体層とを組合せて、前記青色系光と前記黄緑色から橙色系の光との混色により、白色系光を発光させてもよい。或いは、上記黄緑色から橙色系の光を発光する蛍光体粒子から成る蛍光体層の代わりに、緑色系の光及び赤色系の光を発光する蛍光体粒子から成る蛍光体層を用いて、前記青色系光と緑色系光及び赤色系の光の混色により白色系光を発光させてもよい。この構成により、高輝度で高演色性を有する白色発光素子を簡単な構成によって得ることができる。   Furthermore, in the present invention, a combination of a light emitting element made of a nitride semiconductor and emitting blue light and a phosphor layer made of phosphor particles emitting yellow to orange light, the blue light and White light may be emitted by color mixing with the yellowish green to orange light. Alternatively, instead of the phosphor layer composed of phosphor particles that emit yellowish-green to orange light, a phosphor layer composed of phosphor particles that emit green light and red light is used. White light may be emitted by a mixture of blue light, green light, and red light. With this configuration, a white light emitting element having high luminance and high color rendering can be obtained with a simple configuration.

また、本発明の特徴である、蛍光体粒子の充填度を高度化するという思想を、紫外線を発光する発光素子を用いて、該紫外光の少なくとも一部を吸収して青色系光、緑色系光及び赤色系光（以下、B、G、R光）を発光させる蛍光体粒子と組み合わせて、これらの混色により白色系光を得る発光装置に適用しても良い。この場合には、上記３種類の蛍光体粒子を一つの層の中に均一に分散しても良いし、青色蛍光体層、緑色蛍光体層、及び赤色蛍光体層の３層を重ねても良い。   Further, the idea of increasing the filling degree of the phosphor particles, which is a feature of the present invention, is to absorb at least part of the ultraviolet light by using a light emitting element that emits ultraviolet light, and to emit blue light and green light. In combination with phosphor particles that emit light and red light (hereinafter referred to as B, G, and R light), it may be applied to a light emitting device that obtains white light by mixing these colors. In this case, the three types of phosphor particles may be uniformly dispersed in one layer, or three layers of a blue phosphor layer, a green phosphor layer, and a red phosphor layer may be stacked. good.

本発明は、発光素子と、該発光素子から発光された光を吸収して異なる波長の光を発光する蛍光体粒子をバインダー中に分散した蛍光体領域を有する発光装置において、該蛍光体領域は単位体積当たりの蛍光体粒子の体積割合が１０％以上である蛍光体層から成ることを特徴とする。この構成により、少ない蛍光体粒子の使用量で、高輝度且つ発光のバラツキが無い発光装置を提供することができる。   The present invention relates to a light emitting device having a light emitting device and a phosphor region in which phosphor particles that absorb light emitted from the light emitting device and emit light of different wavelengths are dispersed in a binder. It is characterized by comprising a phosphor layer in which the volume ratio of phosphor particles per unit volume is 10% or more. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a light emitting device with high luminance and no light emission variation with a small amount of phosphor particles used.

本願発明者は種々の実験を通じて試行錯誤の結果、色変換型発光装置の発光のバラツキ及び輝度の低下は、蛍光体粒子の分散や配置の状態に関係することが主たる原因であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of trial and error through various experiments, the inventor of the present application has found that the variation in light emission and the decrease in luminance of the color conversion light-emitting device are mainly caused by the state of dispersion and arrangement of the phosphor particles, The present invention has been completed.

従来の色変換型発光装置においては、蛍光体粒子はできるだけ充填度を低くした方が良いとの認識の基で設計されていた。一部、発光素子周辺に蛍光体粒子を集結した発光装置も知られているが、この場合でも上記蛍光体粒子の充填度はせいぜい約５％程度であった。なお、以下の説明において、充填度とは、蛍光体粒子をバインダー中に分散してなる蛍光体領域での単位体積に占める蛍光体粒子の体積割合を意味する。   In the conventional color conversion type light emitting device, the phosphor particles are designed based on the recognition that the filling degree should be as low as possible. Some light-emitting devices are also known in which phosphor particles are gathered around the light-emitting element, but even in this case, the filling degree of the phosphor particles was about 5% at most. In the following description, the filling degree means the volume ratio of the phosphor particles to the unit volume in the phosphor region formed by dispersing the phosphor particles in the binder.

本発明者らは、この種の発光装置において、発光素子からの光の光路中に配置する蛍光体粒子はできるだけ低い密度で充填するべきである、という上記従来の常識を覆し、当該光路中に配置する蛍光体粒子を高密度に充填してみたところ、発光にバラツキの無い輝度の高い発光が得られることを新たに知見した。これは、この構成により発光素子からの光の散乱や反射を良好に抑えつつ蛍光体層中の蛍光体粒子を効率よく且つ均一に励起できていることによるものと思われる。   In the light emitting device of this type, the present inventors have overturned the conventional common sense that the phosphor particles arranged in the optical path of the light from the light emitting element should be filled with the lowest possible density, and in the optical path. When the phosphor particles to be arranged were packed at a high density, it was newly found out that light emission with high luminance and no variation in light emission can be obtained. This is presumably because the phosphor particles in the phosphor layer can be excited efficiently and uniformly while satisfactorily suppressing light scattering and reflection from the light emitting element.

以下、図面を参照にして、本発明の第１実施形態について説明する。図１は、本実施形態の発光装置を構成する発光ダイオードを示す模式的断面図である。   Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light emitting diode constituting the light emitting device of the present embodiment.

図１に示すように、基板２上に設けられたパッケージ１には凹部が形成されており、この凹部の底面には発光素子３が配置されている。発光素子３と基板２側の２つのリード電極４，４とは、凹部の底面から露出する一対のワイヤ６，６によって電気的に接続されている。発光素子３は、サファイア基板上にバッファ層を介して窒化ガリウム半導体を接合することにより形成されている。このように設置された発光素子３を封止するように、前記凹部にはエポキシ樹脂が充填されて封止部７を形成している。発光素子３からの光の光路２０中には、蛍光体粒子８が高密度に充填された蛍光体層５が形成されている。蛍光体層５は上記光路２０中であれば任意の位置に形成でき、本実施形態では、封止部７内に配置されている。また、蛍光体層５は基板２の上面とほぼ平行に形成しても良いが、発光素子３からの光が蛍光体層中を通過する距離が発光面全域に渡ってほぼ等しくなるように蛍光体層に曲率を持たせても良い。以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細を説明する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the package 1 provided on the substrate 2 has a recess, and a light emitting element 3 is disposed on the bottom of the recess. The light emitting element 3 and the two lead electrodes 4 on the substrate 2 side are electrically connected by a pair of wires 6 and 6 exposed from the bottom surface of the recess. The light emitting element 3 is formed by bonding a gallium nitride semiconductor to a sapphire substrate via a buffer layer. The sealing portion 7 is formed by filling the concave portion with an epoxy resin so as to seal the light emitting element 3 installed in this way. In the optical path 20 of light from the light emitting element 3, a phosphor layer 5 filled with phosphor particles 8 at a high density is formed. The phosphor layer 5 can be formed at any position as long as it is in the optical path 20, and is disposed in the sealing portion 7 in this embodiment. Further, the phosphor layer 5 may be formed substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate 2, but the fluorescence is such that the distance that the light from the light emitting element 3 passes through the phosphor layer is substantially equal over the entire light emitting surface. The body layer may have a curvature. Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

（発光素子）
本発明における発光素子３は、含有する蛍光物質（蛍光体粒子）８を励起する波長を含む光を発光できさえすれば良く、特にそれ以外の制約はないが、量産性、各種用途への応用の容易さ等から、半導体発光素子、特に、蛍光体粒子８を効率良く励起できる短波長を発光できる窒化ガリウム半導体或いは窒化ガリウム・インジウム半導体が好適である。 (Light emitting element)
The light-emitting element 3 in the present invention only needs to be able to emit light including a wavelength that excites the fluorescent substance (phosphor particle) 8 contained therein, and is not particularly limited, but is applicable to mass production and various uses. From the viewpoint of easiness, etc., a semiconductor light emitting device, particularly, a gallium nitride semiconductor or a gallium nitride / indium semiconductor capable of emitting a short wavelength capable of efficiently exciting the phosphor particles 8 is preferable.

本発明の発光装置においては、種々の方法で白色系光発光を実現できる。例えば、発光素子３の発光波長を４００ｎｍ以上５３０ｎｍ以下、好ましくは４２０ｎｍ以上４９０ｎｍ以下とし、それと補色関係にある黄色系光を発光する蛍光体粒子８、例えばＣｅで付活されたＹＡＧ系蛍光体、を用いて蛍光体層５を形成する。更に、このＹＡＧ系蛍光体とＥｕ及び／又はＣｒで付活された窒素含有Ｃａ-Ｓｉ-Ａｌ-Ｏ-Ｎ系蛍光体とを組み合わせることにより青色系光を発光する発光素子３を利用して極めて演色性の高い発光ダイオードを形成させることもできる。   In the light emitting device of the present invention, white light emission can be realized by various methods. For example, the emission wavelength of the light emitting element 3 is 400 nm or more and 530 nm or less, preferably 420 nm or more and 490 nm or less, and phosphor particles 8 that emit yellow light having a complementary color relationship thereto, for example, a YAG phosphor activated with Ce, The phosphor layer 5 is formed using Furthermore, by using this YAG phosphor and a nitrogen-containing Ca—Si—Al—O—N phosphor activated by Eu and / or Cr, a light emitting element 3 that emits blue light is used. A light emitting diode having extremely high color rendering properties can also be formed.

他の例として、発光素子３の発光波長を４００ｎｍより短い紫外線領域とし、この発光素子３からの紫外線の一部を吸収してB、G、R光を発光する蛍光体粒子８を用いて蛍光体層５を形成することでより演色性の高い色変換型発光装置が得られる。   As another example, the emission wavelength of the light emitting element 3 is set to an ultraviolet region shorter than 400 nm, and fluorescent light is emitted by using phosphor particles 8 that absorb part of the ultraviolet light from the light emitting element 3 and emit B, G, R light. By forming the body layer 5, a color conversion type light emitting device with higher color rendering properties can be obtained.

なお、上記蛍光体層５を発光素子３の封止部７に設けるには、バインダー中に予め蛍光体粒子８を分散しておき、これを所定量発光素子３上に注入すれば良い。なお、紫外光を発光する発光素子３の封止剤としては、紫外線による劣化を考慮して、比較的紫外線に強い樹脂やガラス等を用いることが好ましい。   In order to provide the phosphor layer 5 on the sealing portion 7 of the light emitting element 3, the phosphor particles 8 may be dispersed in advance in a binder, and a predetermined amount thereof may be injected onto the light emitting element 3. As the sealant for the light-emitting element 3 that emits ultraviolet light, it is preferable to use a resin, glass, or the like that is relatively resistant to ultraviolet rays in consideration of deterioration due to ultraviolet rays.

（蛍光体粒子）
本発明の発光装置に用いられる蛍光体粒子８は、発光素子３からの光の少なくとも一部で励起され、所望の波長の光を発光するものであれば、使用可能である。例えば、青色発光の発光素子３と共に使用して白色発光する発光装置の蛍光体粒子８として、上記、セリウムで付活されたＹＡＧ系蛍光体をベースとしたものが使用できる。この蛍光物質は、ガーネット構造のため、耐久性に優れ、励起スペクトルのピークを４５０ｎｍ付近に設計できる。 (Phosphor particles)
The phosphor particles 8 used in the light emitting device of the present invention can be used as long as they are excited by at least a part of the light from the light emitting element 3 and emit light of a desired wavelength. For example, as the phosphor particles 8 of the light emitting device that emits white light when used with the blue light emitting element 3, those based on the YAG phosphor activated with cerium can be used. Since this fluorescent material has a garnet structure, it has excellent durability, and the peak of the excitation spectrum can be designed around 450 nm.

また、紫外線発光素子と組み合わせて使用するB、G、R発光の蛍光体粒子８としては、ここでは特に多くは例示しないが、励起波長が近紫外線領域に存在する(Ba,Ca,Mg)10(PO4)6Cl2：Euなどのハロリン酸塩、(Ba,Ca)3MgSi2O8：Euなどのケイ酸塩、BaMgAl10O17：Eu、BaAl12O19：Eu、SrAl2O4：Eu、Sr4Al14O25：Euなどのアルミン酸塩、Y2O2S：Eu 、La2O2S：Euの硫化物など、公知の蛍光体物質が用いられる。 The B, G, R emission phosphor particles 8 used in combination with the ultraviolet light emitting element are not particularly exemplified here, but the excitation wavelength is in the near ultraviolet region (Ba, Ca, Mg) 10. (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 : halophosphate such as Eu, (Ba, Ca) 3 MgSi 2 O 8 : silicate such as Eu, BaMgAl 10 O 17 : Eu, BaAl 12 O 19 : Eu, SrAl 2 O 4 : Known phosphor materials such as Eu, Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 : Aluminate such as Eu, Y 2 O 2 S: Eu, La 2 O 2 S: Eu sulfide, etc. are used.

本発明においては、蛍光体粒子８の充填度が１０％以上、好ましくは１９％以上、より好ましくは、４０％以上となる様に蛍光体層５を形成する。エポキシ系樹脂などから成るバインダーとの混合による充填度を比較的高くすることが重要であるので、粒度分布の狭い球形もしくは多面体形状をもった蛍光体粒子８を用いることが好ましい。また、当該蛍光体粒子８の平均粒径は0.１μｍ〜１5μｍの範囲が好ましい。更には、主たる大きさの蛍光体粒子８に対して当該蛍光体粒子８より小径の従たる蛍光体粒子８を適量添加し、全体として最密充填構造に近づけることが好ましい。   In the present invention, the phosphor layer 5 is formed so that the filling degree of the phosphor particles 8 is 10% or more, preferably 19% or more, more preferably 40% or more. Since it is important to have a relatively high degree of filling by mixing with a binder made of an epoxy resin or the like, it is preferable to use phosphor particles 8 having a spherical or polyhedral shape with a narrow particle size distribution. The average particle diameter of the phosphor particles 8 is preferably in the range of 0.1 μm to 15 μm. Furthermore, it is preferable to add an appropriate amount of subordinate phosphor particles 8 having a smaller diameter than the phosphor particles 8 to the main size phosphor particles 8 so as to approximate the closest packed structure as a whole.

詳細には、平均粒子半径Ｒの大きさをもつ主たる蛍光体粒子８を球状と仮定して、主たる３個の蛍光体粒子８の隙間に入る微粒子の大きさ（r）は、0.15R、４個の主たる蛍光体粒子８の隙間に入る微粒子の大きさは、0.22Rと求まることから、0.15R≦r≦0.22Rからなる従たる蛍光体粒子８を各々主たる蛍光体粒子８と接触させることによって、最密充填状態に極めて近い状態を得ることができる。これにより、光の隠蔽ならびに散乱や反射をより一層制御でき、高輝度の発光装置を作製ことができる。また蛍光体粒子８の大きさを上記の範囲とすることで、光の吸収率及び（透過率を向上することによって）変換効率が高くできる。且つ、発光波長の幅を広くすることができる。   Specifically, assuming that the main phosphor particles 8 having the average particle radius R are spherical, the size (r) of the fine particles entering the gap between the three main phosphor particles 8 is 0.15R, 4 Since the size of the fine particles entering the gaps between the main phosphor particles 8 is 0.22R, the subordinate phosphor particles 8 having 0.15R ≦ r ≦ 0.22R are brought into contact with the main phosphor particles 8 respectively. Thus, it is possible to obtain a state very close to the closest packed state. Thereby, light concealment, scattering and reflection can be further controlled, and a light-emitting device with high luminance can be manufactured. Further, by setting the size of the phosphor particles 8 within the above range, the light absorption rate and the conversion efficiency can be increased (by improving the transmittance). In addition, the width of the emission wavelength can be widened.

蛍光体層５は、複数種の蛍光体粒子８を蛍光体層５の全域に混在させることにより形成してもよく、また、それぞれが単一種の蛍光体粒子８を含む複数種の蛍光層を積層させることにより形成してもよい。   The phosphor layer 5 may be formed by mixing a plurality of types of phosphor particles 8 over the entire area of the phosphor layer 5, and a plurality of types of phosphor layers each including a single type of phosphor particles 8. You may form by laminating | stacking.

本発明において、蛍光体層５の膜厚は発光素子３からの光の波長、強度、得ようとする光の色相、彩度、明度、使用する蛍光体の平均粒径や輝度等に応じて、適宜決定すれば良いが、当該層厚は薄いほど好適である。好ましくは５０μm以下、より好ましくは１０μm以下となる様に上記パラメータを選択する。   In the present invention, the film thickness of the phosphor layer 5 depends on the wavelength and intensity of light from the light emitting element 3, the hue, saturation, and brightness of the light to be obtained, the average particle diameter and luminance of the phosphor to be used, etc. The thickness may be determined as appropriate, but the thinner the layer thickness, the better. The above parameters are selected so that it is preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or less.

以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。なお、本発明は以下に示す実施例のみに限定されるものではない。   Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, this invention is not limited only to the Example shown below.

（実施例１）
図１に示すような表面実装型の発光装置を形成する。発光素子３は、発光層として単色性発光ピークが可視光である４７５ｎｍのＩｎ０．２Ｇａ０．８Ｎ半導体を有する窒化物半導体発光素子で、パッケージ１内に配設されている。 (Example 1)
A surface mount type light emitting device as shown in FIG. 1 is formed. The light-emitting element 3 is a nitride semiconductor light-emitting element having a 475 nm In0.2Ga0.8N semiconductor having a monochromatic emission peak of visible light as a light-emitting layer, and is disposed in the package 1.

一方、平均粒径が約２μmで略球形形状の蛍光体粒子８（ＹＡＧ：Ｃｅ）を液状のエポキシ樹脂からなるバインダー中に填度度約４０％になる様に混合し、３本ロールを用いて十分に攪拌しておく。   On the other hand, phosphor particles 8 (YAG: Ce) having an average particle diameter of about 2 μm and a substantially spherical shape are mixed in a binder made of a liquid epoxy resin so as to have a filling degree of about 40%, and three rolls are used. Stir well.

まず、エポキシ樹脂等から成る封止剤をパッケージ１内に注入し、第1の封止部７を形成する。その後、第1の封止部７の上部に、上記蛍光体粒子８を含有するバインダーを所定量注入し、蛍光体層５を形成する。その際、蛍光体粒子８が封止部７内部に入り込まないように、封止部７を若干硬化させておく。その後、再度、エポキシ樹脂を蛍光体層５の上に注入し、第２の封止部７を形成する。なお、上記封止部７と蛍光体層５に含まれるバインダーの屈折率が異なると光の損失が発生するので、同一のエポキシ樹脂を用いる。このようにして、所望の色度０．３１を呈する白色光（以下、単に「白色光」という）を出力する様に蛍光体層５の厚さを調整して色変換型発光装置を得た。   First, a sealing agent made of epoxy resin or the like is injected into the package 1 to form the first sealing portion 7. Thereafter, a predetermined amount of a binder containing the phosphor particles 8 is injected into the upper portion of the first sealing portion 7 to form the phosphor layer 5. At that time, the sealing portion 7 is slightly cured so that the phosphor particles 8 do not enter the sealing portion 7. Thereafter, an epoxy resin is again injected onto the phosphor layer 5 to form the second sealing portion 7. In addition, since the loss of light will generate | occur | produce if the refractive index of the binder contained in the said sealing part 7 and the fluorescent substance layer 5 differs, the same epoxy resin is used. In this way, a color conversion type light emitting device was obtained by adjusting the thickness of the phosphor layer 5 so as to output white light having a desired chromaticity of 0.31 (hereinafter simply referred to as “white light”). .

（実施例２）
蛍光体粒子８を用いて充填度約１９％の蛍光体層５を形成した以外は実施例１と同様にして、「白色光」を出力する色変換型発光装置を得た。 (Example 2)
A color conversion type light emitting device that outputs “white light” was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the phosphor layer 5 having a filling degree of about 19% was formed using the phosphor particles 8.

（比較例１）
蛍光体粒子８を用いて充填度約６％の蛍光体層５を形成した以外は実施例１と同様にして、「白色光」を出力する色変換型発光装置を得た。 (Comparative Example 1)
A color conversion type light emitting device that outputs “white light” was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the phosphor layer 5 having a filling degree of about 6% was formed using the phosphor particles 8.

（比較例２）
蛍光体粒子８を用いて充填度約１．６％の蛍光体層５を形成した以外は実施例１と同様にして、「白色光」を出力する色変換型発光装置を得た。 (Comparative Example 2)
A color conversion type light emitting device that outputs “white light” was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the phosphor layer 5 having a filling degree of about 1.6% was formed using the phosphor particles 8.

上記実施例１，２及び比較例１，２の各々について、（a）出力される「白色光」の輝度、（b）蛍光体層の厚み、（c）蛍光体の使用量を求め、その結果を表１にまとめた。なお、（c）蛍光体の使用量は、比較例２の蛍光体層中に含有される蛍光体の総体積（Ｖ２）と、実施例１，２及び比較例１，２のそれぞれの蛍光体層中に含有される蛍光体の総体積（Ｖ１）との比（Ｖ１／Ｖ２）で表しており、比較例２の場合は、１．０となる。
For each of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, (a) the brightness of the “white light” to be output, (b) the thickness of the phosphor layer, and (c) the amount of phosphor used, The results are summarized in Table 1. In addition, (c) the usage-amount of fluorescent substance is the total volume (V2) of the fluorescent substance contained in the fluorescent substance layer of the comparative example 2, and each fluorescent substance of Example 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1, 2. This is expressed as a ratio (V1 / V2) to the total volume (V1) of the phosphor contained in the layer, and in the case of Comparative Example 2, it is 1.0.

Figure 2005332963
Figure 2005332963

表１から、蛍光体の充填度を高くすることにより使用する蛍光体の量を削減でき、且つ高輝度の「白色光」が得られることが判る。   From Table 1, it can be seen that the amount of phosphor used can be reduced by increasing the filling degree of the phosphor, and “white light” with high luminance can be obtained.

次に、本発明の第２実施形態を、図２に基づいて説明する。図２は、本実施形態に係る発光装置（バックライト）を示す模式的斜視図である。   Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the light emitting device (backlight) according to the present embodiment.

発光装置（バックライト）１０は、ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）１１と導光板（導光部材）１２と反射板１３と拡散板１４とプリズムシート１５とを備える。ＬＥＤ１１は、図１に示す第１実施形態の発光ダイオードのうち蛍光体層５を除く他の構成を備えており、導光板１２の側面と対向して配置されている。反射板１３は導光板１２の裏面上に配置され、拡散板１４及びプリズムシート１５は導光板１２の表面上に積層されている。ＬＥＤ１１から出射した光は、導光板１２へ入射し、その一部が反射板１３で反射し、導光板１２の表面から出射して、拡散板１４及びプリズムシート１５を通る。これにより、導光板１２の表面（プリズムシート１５の表面）からの面発光が行われる。   The light emitting device (backlight) 10 includes an LED (light emitting diode) 11, a light guide plate (light guide member) 12, a reflection plate 13, a diffusion plate 14, and a prism sheet 15. The LED 11 has a configuration other than the phosphor layer 5 in the light emitting diode of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and is disposed to face the side surface of the light guide plate 12. The reflection plate 13 is disposed on the back surface of the light guide plate 12, and the diffusion plate 14 and the prism sheet 15 are laminated on the surface of the light guide plate 12. The light emitted from the LED 11 enters the light guide plate 12, a part of which is reflected by the reflection plate 13, exits from the surface of the light guide plate 12, and passes through the diffusion plate 14 and the prism sheet 15. Thereby, surface light emission from the surface of the light guide plate 12 (surface of the prism sheet 15) is performed.

本実施形態では、蛍光体粒子８が高密度に充填された蛍光体層５が、ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）１１の内部ではなく、導光板１２と拡散板１４との間に配置されている。蛍光体層５は、薄板状又はシート状であり、導光板１２の表面上に貼着されている。なお、蛍光体層５を、導光板１２と一体的に形成してもよい。また、蛍光体層５は、ＬＥＤ１１からの光の光路２０中の任意の位置に配置することができ、例えば、ＬＥＤ１１と導光板１２との間や、拡散板１４とプリズムシート１５との間など、様々な場所に配置することができる。   In the present embodiment, the phosphor layer 5 filled with the phosphor particles 8 at a high density is arranged not between the LED (light emitting diode) 11 but between the light guide plate 12 and the diffusion plate 14. The phosphor layer 5 has a thin plate shape or a sheet shape, and is stuck on the surface of the light guide plate 12. The phosphor layer 5 may be formed integrally with the light guide plate 12. Further, the phosphor layer 5 can be disposed at an arbitrary position in the optical path 20 of the light from the LED 11, for example, between the LED 11 and the light guide plate 12, between the diffusion plate 14 and the prism sheet 15, or the like. Can be placed in various places.

また、本発明は、上記バックライトの他、車両用のヘッドライト等の様々な照明器具に適用することができる。この場合、蛍光体層は、ＬＥＤの内部は勿論、ＬＥＤの外部をも含めた光の光路中の任意の位置（例えば、ＬＥＤの外部を覆うカバーやレンズの内面上など）に配置すればよい。   In addition to the above backlight, the present invention can be applied to various lighting devices such as a headlight for a vehicle. In this case, the phosphor layer may be disposed at an arbitrary position in the optical path of light including not only the inside of the LED but also the outside of the LED (for example, on a cover covering the outside of the LED or the inner surface of the lens). .

すなわち、本発明は、一例として説明した上述の実施形態、及びその変形例に限定されることはなく、上述の実施形態等以外であっても、本発明に係る技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲であれば、設計等に応じて種々の変更が可能である。   In other words, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment described as an example and modifications thereof, and other than the above-described embodiment and the like, as long as they do not depart from the technical idea according to the present invention. If so, various changes can be made according to the design and the like.

第１実施形態の発光装置を構成する発光ダイオードを示す模式的断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows the light emitting diode which comprises the light-emitting device of 1st Embodiment. 第２実施形態の発光装置を示す模式的斜視図である。It is a typical perspective view which shows the light-emitting device of 2nd Embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・パッケージ
２・・・基板
３・・・発光素子
４・・・リード電極
５・・・蛍光体層
６・・・ワイヤ
７・・・封止部
８・・・蛍光体粒子
１０・・・発光装置（バックライト）
１１・・・ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）
１２・・・導光板（導光部材）
１３・・・反射板
１４・・・拡散板
１５・・・プリズムシート
２０・・・光路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Package 2 ... Substrate 3 ... Light emitting element 4 ... Lead electrode 5 ... Phosphor layer 6 ... Wire 7 ... Sealing part 8 ... Phosphor particle 10 ..Light emitting device (backlight)
11 ... LED (light emitting diode)
12 ... Light guide plate (light guide member)
13 ... reflector 14 ... diffuser plate 15 ... prism sheet 20 ... optical path

Claims (9)

発光素子と、該発光素子からの光を吸収して異なる波長の光を発光する少なくとも１種の蛍光体粒子をバインダー中に分散してなる蛍光体領域を該発光素子からの光の光路中に設けた発光装置において、
前記蛍光体領域は、単位体積に占める蛍光体粒子の体積割合が１０％以上である蛍光体層から成ることを特徴とする発光装置。 A phosphor region formed by dispersing a light-emitting element and at least one phosphor particle that absorbs light from the light-emitting element and emits light of a different wavelength in a binder is provided in an optical path of light from the light-emitting element. In the provided light emitting device,
The phosphor region is composed of a phosphor layer in which a volume ratio of phosphor particles in a unit volume is 10% or more. 請求項１に記載の発光装置であって、
前記蛍光体粒子の体積割合が１９％以上であることを特徴とする発光装置。 The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
A volume ratio of the phosphor particles is 19% or more. 請求項１に記載の発光装置であって、
前記蛍光体粒子の体積割合が４０％以上であることを特徴とする発光装置。 The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
A volume ratio of the phosphor particles is 40% or more. 請求項１乃至請求項３の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記蛍光体粒子の形状が多面体状もしくは球状で、その平均粒径が０．１μm〜１５μmであることを特徴とする発光装置。 A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A light emitting device characterized in that the phosphor particles have a polyhedral shape or a spherical shape and an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm to 15 μm. 請求項１乃至請求項４の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記発光素子からの光が入射して面発光する導光部材を備え、
前記蛍光体層は、前記発光素子から出射し前記導光部材から面発光する光の光路中に配置されていることを特徴とする発光装置。 The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A light guide member that emits surface light upon incidence of light from the light emitting element,
The light emitting device, wherein the phosphor layer is disposed in an optical path of light emitted from the light emitting element and emitting surface light from the light guide member. 請求項１乃至請求項５の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は青色系光を発光する窒化物半導体を含み、前記蛍光体層は黄緑色〜橙色系の光を発光して、前記青色系光と前記黄緑色〜橙色系の光との混色により白色系光を発光することを特徴とする発光装置。 A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The light emitting element includes a nitride semiconductor that emits blue light, and the phosphor layer emits yellowish green to orange light, and is mixed with the blue light and the yellowish green to orange light. A light-emitting device that emits white light. 請求項１乃至請求項５の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は青色系光を発光する窒化物半導体を含み、前記蛍光体層は緑色系の光及び赤色系の光を発光して、前記青色系光と前記緑色系光と前記赤色系の光との混色により白色系光を発光することを特徴とする発光装置。 A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The light emitting element includes a nitride semiconductor that emits blue light, and the phosphor layer emits green light and red light, and the blue light, the green light, and the red light. A light emitting device that emits white light by mixing colors with the light emitting device. 請求項１乃至請求項５の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は紫外光を発光する素子であり、前記蛍光体層は、該紫外光の少なくとも一部を吸収して青色系光、緑色系光及び赤色系光の光をそれぞれ発光する３種類の蛍光層を有することを特徴とする発光装置。 A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The light emitting element is an element that emits ultraviolet light, and the phosphor layer absorbs at least a part of the ultraviolet light and emits light of blue light, green light, and red light, respectively. A light emitting device having a fluorescent layer. 請求項１乃至請求項５の何れかに記載の発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は紫外線を発光する素子であり、前記蛍光体層には、前記紫外光の少なくとも一部を吸収して青色系光、緑色系光及び赤色系光の光を発光する３種類の蛍光体粒子が混在していることを特徴とする発光装置。
A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The light emitting element is an element that emits ultraviolet light, and the phosphor layer absorbs at least a part of the ultraviolet light and emits blue light, green light, and red light. A light emitting device characterized in that body particles are mixed.
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