JP2005313189A - Method for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding, and cast product - Google Patents
Method for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding, and cast product Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、鋳物を鋳造するため、特に薄肉鋳物を鋳造するための減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法及び鋳物に関する。ここで、減圧鋳型造型（以下、「Ｖプロセス」という）とは、原形模型板の表面に遮蔽部材を密着する遮蔽部材密着工程と、該密着した遮蔽部材上に造型枠体を載置すると共に該造型枠体内に粘結剤を含まない充填材を充填する工程と、該充填材の上面を密閉して造型枠体内を負圧にし、もって前記遮蔽部材を充填材側に吸着して遮蔽部材を成形する工程と、ついで前記原形模型板を遮蔽部材から離型して造型面を有する半割鋳型を造型する工程と、該半割鋳型と同様にして造型したもう一つの半割鋳型と型合せして鋳造キャビティを形成する工程と、該鋳造キャビティ内に溶融金属を注入する工程と、しかる後前記造型枠体内の負圧状態を解除して鋳物を取り出す工程と、を有する鋳型造型・注湯プロセスをいう。 The present invention relates to a casting method for casting a reduced pressure mold for casting a casting, and particularly for casting a thin casting, and the casting. Here, the reduced pressure mold making (hereinafter referred to as “V process”) is a shielding member adhesion step of closely attaching a shielding member to the surface of the original model board, and placing a molding frame on the closely attached shielding member. A step of filling the molding frame with a filler that does not contain a binder; and sealing the upper surface of the filler to create a negative pressure in the molding frame; Forming a half mold having a molding surface by releasing the original model plate from the shielding member, and another half mold and mold formed in the same manner as the half mold Forming a casting cavity together, injecting molten metal into the casting cavity, and then releasing the negative pressure state in the molding frame and taking out the casting, Refers to the hot water process.
従来、Ｖプロセスは広く用いられている（特許文献１参照）。しかしながら、その適用範囲としてはピアノフレームやカウンタウエイトなどの肉厚鋳物が多く、たとえば、肉厚３ｍｍ程度以下の薄肉を鋳造する鋳型としては用いられていなかった。 Conventionally, the V process has been widely used (see Patent Document 1). However, the range of application includes many thick castings such as piano frames and counterweights. For example, they have not been used as molds for casting thin walls with a thickness of about 3 mm or less.
本発明は、上記の問題に鑑みて成されたもので、Ｖプロセス鋳型を用いて薄肉鋳物を鋳造する減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法とその方法により鋳造した鋳物を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of pouring a vacuum mold for casting a thin casting using a V process mold and a casting cast by the method.
上記の目的を達成するために本発明における減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法は、Ｖプロセスの注湯方法において、完成鋳型の下半割鋳型に湯口を形成し、上半割鋳型には湯口を形成しないことを特徴とする。
また、鋳造の炉の上に配される前記完成鋳型の下半割鋳型の下面を平面とすべく調整することを特徴とする。
さらに、前記完成鋳型と前記鋳造の炉との間に完成鋳型の下半割鋳型の下面の形状を平面にするための緩衝手段を設けて配置し注湯することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the vacuum mold molding pouring method of the present invention is a V process pouring method in which a pouring gate is formed in the lower half mold of the finished mold and a pouring gate is formed in the upper half mold. It is characterized by not.
Further, the lower surface of the lower half mold of the finished mold disposed on the casting furnace is adjusted to be a flat surface.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that a buffering means is provided between the completed mold and the casting furnace so as to make the shape of the lower surface of the lower half mold of the completed mold flat and pouring.
また、上記の目的を達成するために本発明における減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法は、前記完成鋳型を鋳造の炉の上方に配置するのに際して、前記完成鋳型と前記鋳造の炉との間に断熱手段を設けて配置し注湯することを特徴とする。
さらに、前記断熱手段を構成する砂型が、下部を1本のストークと連通すると共に上部を複数本の湯口に連結することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the pouring method of the reduced pressure mold making according to the present invention provides a heat insulation between the finished mold and the casting furnace when the finished mold is placed above the casting furnace. It is characterized by arranging and pouring hot water with means.
Further, the sand mold constituting the heat insulating means is characterized in that the lower part communicates with one stalk and the upper part is connected to a plurality of gates.
また、上記の目的を達成するために本発明における減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法は、前記注湯方法が低圧鋳造方法或いは差圧鋳造方法であることを特徴とする。
さらに、前記注湯方法において鋳造キャビティ内に注湯する際、注湯速度の制御を行うことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the pouring method of the reduced pressure mold making according to the present invention is characterized in that the pouring method is a low pressure casting method or a differential pressure casting method.
Furthermore, when pouring into the casting cavity in the pouring method, the pouring speed is controlled.
本発明によれば、Ｖプロセスの注湯方法において、完成鋳型の下半割鋳型に湯口を形成し、上半割鋳型には湯口を形成しないことにより、下注ぎの鋳造が可能になり溶湯の流れが層流となり、重力鋳造方法やダイカストと比較して溶湯への空気やノロなどの巻き込みが少なくなる。また、揚がりや押湯を設ける必要がないため、捨て湯部は必要最小限とすることができる。これにより、製品歩留まりが向上するという利点がある。
さらに、本発明は、通常のＶプロセス鋳型の特徴は保持しているため、解枠性に優れ、薄肉鋳物の取り出しが簡単になるという利点がある。
According to the present invention, in the pouring method of the V process, the pouring is formed in the lower half mold of the finished mold, and the pouring is not formed in the upper half mold, thereby enabling casting of the pouring. The flow becomes laminar, and entrainment of air, noro, etc. into the molten metal is reduced compared to the gravity casting method and die casting. Further, since there is no need to provide a fried food or a hot water, the discarded hot water portion can be minimized. This has the advantage that the product yield is improved.
Furthermore, since the present invention retains the characteristics of a normal V process mold, it has the advantage of being excellent in unframeability and facilitating the removal of a thin casting.
以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を説明する。本発明は、Ｖプロセスの造型工程を用いて造型された完成鋳型を鋳造の炉の上方に配置し注湯することを特徴とする。
即ち、Ｖプロセスの注湯方法において、下半割鋳型に湯口を形成し、上半割鋳型には湯口を形成しない完成鋳型を鋳造の炉の上方に配置し、完成鋳型と前記鋳造の炉との間に断熱手段を設けて注湯することを特徴とする。また、前記完成鋳型の下半割鋳型の下面を平面とすべく調整することを特徴とする。
ここで、上半割鋳型に湯口を形成しないとは、従来のＶプロセスの注湯方法である重力鋳造方法ではなく、注湯方法として低圧鋳造方法或いは差圧鋳造方法を用いるため、完成鋳型の下面から注湯を行うためである。したがって、完成鋳型は鋳造の炉の上方に位置することになる。
また、断熱手段とは、鋳造の炉内にある溶湯の熱によりＶプロセス鋳型の遮蔽部材であるフィルムが溶けてしまうのを防止するための手段で、下半割鋳型を載置する下ダイプレートと下半割鋳型の間に断熱材を設けることにより実施される。さらに、下ダイプレート内に部分的に挿入された形で設けることも可能である。なお、この断熱手段に用いる断熱材の材質は、陶器、セラミックス、石膏、砂型、自硬性砂型など溶湯の温度に耐えうる材質であればよい。
さらに、下半割鋳型の下面を平面とすべく調整するとは、下半割鋳型の下面が平面でない場合、下半割鋳型と断熱材や下ダイプレートとの間に隙間が生じ、注湯の際に湯漏れが発生する可能性があるため、下半割鋳型と断熱材や下ダイプレートとの間に下半割鋳型の下面の形状を平面にするための緩衝手段を設けたり、充填材を平らにするために機械的手段（振動やスクレーパー）を作用させることである。この緩衝手段の材質は、下半割鋳型の下面の形状になじむような軟質の材質であり、ガラスウール、砂など溶湯の温度に耐えうる材質であればよい。また、複合材料でもよい。
Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described. The present invention is characterized in that a finished mold formed by using a V-process molding step is placed above a casting furnace and poured.
That is, in the pouring method of the V process, a pouring gate is formed in the lower half mold, and a finished mold that does not form a pouring gate is arranged in the upper half mold above the casting furnace. A heat insulating means is provided between the two to pour hot water. The lower half of the lower half mold of the completed mold is adjusted to be a flat surface.
Here, the fact that the sprue is not formed in the upper half mold is not the gravity casting method which is the conventional V process pouring method, but the low pouring method or the differential pressure casting method as the pouring method. This is for pouring hot water from the lower surface. Therefore, the finished mold is located above the casting furnace.
The heat insulation means is a means for preventing the film as a shielding member of the V process mold from being melted by the heat of the molten metal in the casting furnace. The lower die plate on which the lower half mold is placed. It is carried out by providing a heat insulating material between the lower half mold and the lower half mold. Further, it may be provided in a form partially inserted into the lower die plate. The material of the heat insulating material used for this heat insulating means may be any material that can withstand the temperature of the molten metal, such as pottery, ceramics, gypsum, sand mold, self-hardening sand mold.
Furthermore, adjusting the lower surface of the lower half mold to be flat means that when the lower surface of the lower half mold is not flat, a gap is created between the lower half mold and the heat insulating material or the lower die plate. Since there is a possibility that hot water leaks, a buffer means is provided between the lower half mold and the heat insulating material or the lower die plate to make the lower surface of the lower half mold flat. The mechanical means (vibration or scraper) is applied to make the surface flat. The material of the buffer means may be a soft material that conforms to the shape of the lower surface of the lower half mold and may be a material that can withstand the temperature of the molten metal, such as glass wool or sand. A composite material may also be used.
以下、図面に基づき実施例を説明する。
図１は、実施例に用いた減圧鋳型造型装置の概略模式図である。図１に示すように、本減圧鋳型造型装置は、溶湯を保持した保持炉１と、保持炉１の上面に載置された下ダイプレート２と、下ダイプレート２の上面に載置された前記断熱手段である断熱材３と、断熱材３の上面に載置された鋳枠４，４と、鋳枠４，４内にＶプロセスの造型工程を用いて造型された上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂと、上半割鋳型５ａの上面に載置された上ベース６と、前記保持炉１の上面の四隅から立設された４本のロッド７，７と、で構成している。
前記保持炉１には炉内に圧縮空気を導入するための圧縮空気導入管８が取り付けられている。また、前記上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂの内部には型合せをすることにより鋳造キャビティ９が画成されている。
さらに、前記下ダイプレート２には保持炉１内の溶湯を鋳造キャビティ９内に導入するためのストーク１０が取り付けられている。また、前記断熱材３には、下半割鋳型５ｂ下面の湯口に対応し、ストーク１０と連通した位置に溶湯の導入路となる孔が明けられている。
Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum mold making apparatus used in the examples. As shown in FIG. 1, the reduced pressure mold making apparatus has a holding furnace 1 holding a molten metal, a lower die plate 2 placed on the upper surface of the holding furnace 1, and placed on the upper surface of the lower die plate 2. The heat insulating material 3 as the heat insulating means, the casting frames 4 and 4 placed on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 3, and the upper and lower half molds formed in the casting frames 4 and 4 using the molding process of the V process 5a, 5b, an upper base 6 placed on the upper surface of the upper half mold 5a, and four rods 7, 7 erected from the four corners of the upper surface of the holding furnace 1.
The holding furnace 1 is provided with a compressed air introduction pipe 8 for introducing compressed air into the furnace. A casting cavity 9 is defined in the upper and lower half molds 5a and 5b by matching the molds.
Further, a stalk 10 for introducing the molten metal in the holding furnace 1 into the casting cavity 9 is attached to the lower die plate 2. The heat insulating material 3 is provided with a hole serving as a molten metal introduction path at a position communicating with the stalk 10 corresponding to the pouring gate on the lower surface of the lower half mold 5b.
次に、実施例に用いた減圧鋳型造型装置の作用について説明する。図１において、上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂの内部を、鋳枠４，４、吸引パイプ１１，１１を介して減圧装置１２により減圧した。
該上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂを断熱材３の上に載置し、上ベース６を上半割鋳型５ａの上面に載置した。次に、上ベース６及び下ダイプレート２にて断熱材３と上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂを挟み込みクランプした。その後、図示しない圧縮空気発生源から保持炉１内に圧縮空気導入管８を介して圧縮空気が導入され、溶湯の上面に圧力が加えられ、溶湯がストーク１０を上昇しながら、鋳造キャビティ９内に充填を行った。鋳造キャビティ９内の溶湯が凝固した後、圧縮空気の導入が止められ、保持炉１内の圧力を大気圧に戻すに従い、湯口やストーク１０内の余分な溶湯が保持炉１内に戻され注湯を終了した。
なお、本実施例の減圧鋳型造型装置は、鋳型の直下に保持炉が設置されているため、装置の設置スペースを最小限に押さえることができる。また、本実施例では、押湯、揚がりが使用されていないが、必要に応じ設けることができることはいうまでもない。
さらに、本実施例では、圧縮空気の導入により溶湯を供給しているが、電磁ポンプ等、他の方法により溶湯を供給してもよいことはいうまでもない。
Next, the operation of the reduced pressure mold making apparatus used in the examples will be described. In FIG. 1, the insides of the upper and lower half molds 5 a and 5 b were decompressed by the decompression device 12 through the casting frames 4 and 4 and the suction pipes 11 and 11.
The upper and lower half molds 5a and 5b were placed on the heat insulating material 3, and the upper base 6 was placed on the upper surface of the upper half mold 5a. Next, the upper base 6 and the lower die plate 2 sandwiched and clamped the heat insulating material 3 and the upper and lower half molds 5a and 5b. Thereafter, compressed air is introduced into the holding furnace 1 from the compressed air generating source (not shown) through the compressed air introduction pipe 8, pressure is applied to the upper surface of the molten metal, and the molten metal rises up the stalk 10, while in the casting cavity 9. The filling was performed. After the molten metal in the casting cavity 9 is solidified, the introduction of compressed air is stopped, and as the pressure in the holding furnace 1 is returned to atmospheric pressure, excess molten metal in the gate and stalk 10 is returned to the holding furnace 1. Finished the hot water.
In addition, since the holding furnace is installed directly under the mold in the reduced pressure mold making apparatus of the present embodiment, the installation space for the apparatus can be minimized. Further, in this embodiment, no hot water or fried food is used, but it goes without saying that it can be provided if necessary.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the molten metal is supplied by introducing compressed air, but it goes without saying that the molten metal may be supplied by other methods such as an electromagnetic pump.
次に、本実施例の減圧鋳型造型装置を用いて行った注湯テストについて説明する。
注湯テストは、前記鋳造キャビティ９へアルミニウム溶湯を注湯し、鋳造キャビティ９内に溶湯が充填された長さである全長と健全に充填された健全部の長さを測定した。
図２は、注湯テストにおける前記保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の圧力条件を示したものである。最終到達設定圧力は０．０３、０．０６ＭＰａであり、昇圧速度は０．０１、０．０２ＭＰａ／ｓである。
Next, a pouring test performed using the reduced pressure mold making apparatus of this example will be described.
In the pouring test, molten aluminum was poured into the casting cavity 9, and the length of the casting cavity 9 filled with the molten metal and the length of the soundly filled healthy portion were measured.
FIG. 2 shows the pressure conditions of the compressed air pressurized in the holding furnace 1 in the pouring test. The final set pressure is 0.03 and 0.06 MPa, and the pressure increase rate is 0.01 and 0.02 MPa / s.
図３は、鋳造キャビティ９の厚さが３ｍｍの場合の鋳造キャビティ９内に溶湯が充填された長さである全長と健全に充填された健全部の長さの測定結果である。保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の昇圧速度を０．０１ＭＰａ／ｓとし、最終到達設定圧力を０．０３ＭＰａとした。比較例として、従来のＶプロセスの造型工程を用いて造型された鋳型に重力鋳込みを行った重力鋳造の結果を合わせて示す。
図３より、本実施例の減圧鋳型造型装置を用いた場合の方が、全長及び健全部の長さとも比較例より長い数値を示した。
FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the total length, which is the length that the molten metal is filled in the casting cavity 9 when the thickness of the casting cavity 9 is 3 mm, and the length of the healthy portion that is filled healthy. The pressurization speed of the compressed air pressurized into the holding furnace 1 was set to 0.01 MPa / s, and the final ultimate set pressure was set to 0.03 MPa. As a comparative example, the results of gravity casting in which gravity casting is performed on a mold molded using a conventional V process molding process are also shown.
From FIG. 3, the case where the reduced-pressure mold making apparatus of the present example was used showed a numerical value that was longer than the comparative example in both the overall length and the length of the healthy part.
図４は、鋳造キャビティ９の厚さが３ｍｍの場合で、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の昇圧速度を変化させたときの鋳造キャビティ９内に溶湯が充填された長さである全長と健全に充填された健全部の長さの測定結果である。保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の最終到達設定圧力を０．０３ＭＰａとし、昇圧速度を０．００５、０．０１、０．０２ＭＰａ／ｓとした。
図４より、全長及び健全部の長さとも昇圧速度が高くなるほど長さが長くなる傾向であるが、昇圧速度が０．０１ＭＰａ／ｓ以上になると長さの変化は鈍くなることがわかる。本テストの結果では、昇圧速度を０．０１ＭＰａ／ｓとするのが良いと考える。
FIG. 4 shows a case where the thickness of the casting cavity 9 is 3 mm, and the total length, which is the length of the molten metal filled in the casting cavity 9 when the pressurization speed of the compressed air pressurized in the holding furnace 1 is changed. It is the measurement result of the length of the healthy part with which it was filled up healthy. The final set pressure of the compressed air pressurized into the holding furnace 1 was set to 0.03 MPa, and the pressurizing speed was set to 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02 MPa / s.
From FIG. 4, it can be seen that both the total length and the length of the healthy part tend to increase as the pressure increase rate increases, but the length change becomes dull when the pressure increase rate is 0.01 MPa / s or more. In the result of this test, it is considered that the pressure increase rate should be 0.01 MPa / s.
次に、図５は、造型した鋳物の表面粗さの測定結果である。比較例として、従来のＶプロセスの造型工程を用いて造型された鋳型に重力鋳込みを行った重力鋳造にて造型した鋳物の結果を合わせて示す。表面粗さを測定した場所は、図１において湯道から鋳造キャビティ９に溶湯が流れ込む部分である。
図５より、本実施例の減圧鋳型造型装置を用い、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の最終到達設定圧力を０．０３ＭＰａにした場合は、比較例である重力鋳造の場合と差がなかった。それに対し、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の最終到達設定圧力を０．０６ＭＰａにした場合は、表面粗さの数値が高くなり、表面粗さが荒くなった。これは、溶湯圧力が高くなったことにより鋳型に溶湯が差し込んでいるためと考えられる。
Next, FIG. 5 is a measurement result of the surface roughness of the molded casting. As a comparative example, the results of a casting formed by gravity casting in which gravity casting is performed on a mold formed by using a conventional V process molding process are also shown. The place where the surface roughness was measured is the part where the molten metal flows from the runner into the casting cavity 9 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the final pressure setting of the compressed air to be pressurized in the holding furnace 1 is set to 0.03 MPa using the reduced pressure mold making apparatus of this example, there is no difference from the case of gravity casting as a comparative example. It was. On the other hand, when the final setting pressure of the compressed air pressurized in the holding furnace 1 was set to 0.06 MPa, the numerical value of the surface roughness became high and the surface roughness became rough. This is considered because the molten metal is inserted into the mold due to the increased molten metal pressure.
次に、図６は、本実施例における溶湯注湯時の圧力制御の例を示す。
図６に示すように、上下の半割鋳型５ａ，５ｂを型合わせすることにより鋳造キャビティ９が画成される。保持炉１内の溶湯の上面を加圧することにより溶湯はストーク１０を上昇して、鋳造キャビティ９内に注湯される。なお、図６右のグラフにおいて、保持炉１内の溶湯上面に圧縮空気により加圧を開始する時点を０とする。
保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の設定圧力Ｐと溶湯の到達高さｈは、
式 Ｐ＝ρｂｈ
で決まる。
したがって、図６に示すように、溶湯が湯口から鋳造キャビティ９内に流れ込む位置ｈ１に至るまでは、急激に溶湯高さが変化するため、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の設定圧力Ｐの昇圧速度を速くする必要がある。次に、鋳造キャビティ９の平面部分に注湯を行う部分であるｈ１からｈ２については、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の設定圧力Ｐの昇圧速度を遅くする必要がある。なぜなら、ｈ１からｈ２の部分は鋳物製品となる部分であるため、溶湯の流れが乱流になることにより遮蔽部材であるフィルムの一部分に溶湯が集中して接触し、このためフィルムの部分的な焼け落ちによる型落ちが発生する危険がある。また、溶湯の流れが乱流になることによるガスの巻き込みも発生しやすくなる。などの不具合を防ぐためである。
また、ｈ２からｈ３の部分は前記ｈ１までの場合と同じように急激に溶湯高さが変化するため、保持炉１内に加圧する圧縮空気の設定圧力Ｐの昇圧速度を速くする必要がある。
Next, FIG. 6 shows an example of pressure control during molten metal pouring in the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, the casting cavity 9 is defined by matching the upper and lower half molds 5a and 5b. By pressurizing the upper surface of the molten metal in the holding furnace 1, the molten metal ascends the stalk 10 and is poured into the casting cavity 9. In the graph on the right side of FIG. 6, the time point when the pressurization with the compressed air is started on the upper surface of the molten metal in the holding furnace 1 is set to zero.
The set pressure P of the compressed air to be pressurized in the holding furnace 1 and the arrival height h of the molten metal are:
Formula P = ρbh
Determined by.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, since the molten metal height rapidly changes until the molten metal reaches the position h <b> 1 where the molten metal flows into the casting cavity 9, the set pressure P of the compressed air pressurized in the holding furnace 1 is set. It is necessary to increase the boosting speed. Next, for h1 to h2, which is a portion for pouring hot water into the flat portion of the casting cavity 9, it is necessary to slow down the pressure increase rate of the set pressure P of the compressed air pressurized into the holding furnace 1. This is because the portions h1 to h2 are portions that become cast products, and the molten metal flows turbulently, so that the molten metal concentrates on and comes into contact with a part of the film that is a shielding member. There is a risk of mold loss due to burning off. In addition, entrainment of gas due to the turbulent flow of the molten metal is likely to occur. This is to prevent problems such as.
Further, since the height of the molten metal changes abruptly in the portion from h2 to h3 as in the case of h1 described above, it is necessary to increase the pressure increase rate of the set pressure P of the compressed air pressurized in the holding furnace 1.
次に、図７に基づき本発明を用いた別の実施例を説明する。
図７は、別の実施例に用いた減圧鋳型造型装置の概略模式図である。図６に示すように、本減圧鋳型造型装置は、溶湯を保持した保持炉２１と、保持炉２１の側方に立設された支柱２２，２２と、支柱２２，２２の上端間に架設された下ダイプレート２３と、下ダイプレート２３の上面に載置された鋳枠２４，２４と、鋳枠２４，２４内にＶプロセスの造型工程を用いて造型された上下の半割鋳型２５ａ，２５ｂと、上半割鋳型２５ａの上面に載置された上ベース２６と、前記下ダイプレート２３の上面の四隅から立設された４本のロッド２７，２７と、下ダイプレート２３の下面にある溶湯導入口２８と前記保持炉２１とを連通するパイプ２９と、で構成している。
前記保持炉２１には炉内に圧縮空気を導入するための圧縮空気導入管３０が取り付けられている。また、前記上下の半割鋳型２５ａ，２５ｂの内部には型合せをすることにより鋳造キャビティ３１が画成されている。
さらに、前記下ダイプレート２３には保持炉２１内の溶湯を鋳造キャビティ３１内に導入するためのパイプ２９に連通したストーク３２が取り付けられている。また、下ダイプレート２３の下面には、下半割鋳型２５ｂの湯口に対応し、パイプ２９と連通した位置に溶湯の導入路となる孔が明けられており、その孔の周囲には前記断熱手段である断熱材３３が設けられている。
Next, another embodiment using the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a reduced pressure mold making apparatus used in another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the reduced pressure mold making apparatus is constructed between a holding furnace 21 that holds molten metal, struts 22 and 22 erected on the side of the holding furnace 21, and upper ends of the struts 22 and 22. The lower die plate 23, the casting frames 24, 24 placed on the upper surface of the lower die plate 23, and the upper and lower half molds 25a formed in the casting frames 24, 24 using the molding process of the V process, 25b, an upper base 26 placed on the upper surface of the upper half mold 25a, four rods 27 and 27 erected from the four corners of the upper surface of the lower die plate 23, and a lower surface of the lower die plate 23 A molten metal inlet 28 and a pipe 29 communicating with the holding furnace 21 are configured.
The holding furnace 21 is provided with a compressed air introduction pipe 30 for introducing compressed air into the furnace. A casting cavity 31 is defined in the upper and lower half molds 25a and 25b by matching the molds.
Further, a stalk 32 communicating with a pipe 29 for introducing the molten metal in the holding furnace 21 into the casting cavity 31 is attached to the lower die plate 23. In addition, a hole serving as a molten metal introduction path is formed in a lower surface of the lower die plate 23 corresponding to the pouring gate of the lower half mold 25b and communicating with the pipe 29, and the heat insulation is formed around the hole. A heat insulating material 33 as means is provided.
次に、実施例に用いた減圧鋳型造型装置の作用について説明する。図７において、上下の半割鋳型２５ａ，２５ｂの内部を、鋳枠２４，２４、吸引パイプ３４，３４を介して減圧装置３５により減圧した。
該上下の半割鋳型２５ａ，２５ｂを下ダイプレート２３の上に載置し、上ベース２６を上半割鋳型２５ａの上面に載置した。次に、上ベース２６及び下ダイプレート２３にて上下の半割鋳型２５ａ，２５ｂを挟み込みクランプした。その後、図示しない圧縮空気発生源から保持炉２１内に圧縮空気導入管３０を介して圧縮空気が導入され、溶湯の上面に圧力が加えられ、溶湯がストーク３２及びパイプ２９を上昇しながら、鋳造キャビティ３１内に充填を行った。鋳造キャビティ３１内の溶湯が凝固した後、圧縮空気の導入が止められ、保持炉２１内の圧力を大気圧に戻すに従い、湯口やパイプ２９及びストーク３２内の余分な溶湯が保持炉２１内に戻され注湯を終了した。
なお、本実施例の減圧鋳型造型装置は、保持炉上に鋳型がないため、溶湯の補給が容易であり、また、溶湯上面のノロや酸化物などの残滓が取り除きやすいなどの利点がある。
また、本実施例では、押湯、揚がりが使用されていないが、必要に応じ設けることができることはいうまでもない。
さらに、本実施例では、圧縮空気の導入により溶湯を供給しているが、電磁ポンプ等、他の方法により溶湯を供給してもよいことはいうまでもない。
Next, the operation of the reduced pressure mold making apparatus used in the examples will be described. In FIG. 7, the insides of the upper and lower half molds 25 a and 25 b were decompressed by the decompression device 35 through the casting frames 24 and 24 and the suction pipes 34 and 34.
The upper and lower half molds 25a and 25b were placed on the lower die plate 23, and the upper base 26 was placed on the upper surface of the upper half mold 25a. Next, the upper base 26 and the lower die plate 23 sandwiched and clamped the upper and lower half molds 25a and 25b. Thereafter, the compressed air is introduced into the holding furnace 21 from the compressed air generating source (not shown) through the compressed air introduction pipe 30, pressure is applied to the upper surface of the molten metal, and the molten metal rises up the stalk 32 and the pipe 29 while casting. The cavity 31 was filled. After the molten metal in the casting cavity 31 has solidified, the introduction of compressed air is stopped, and as the pressure in the holding furnace 21 is returned to atmospheric pressure, excess molten metal in the pouring gate, the pipe 29 and the stalk 32 enters the holding furnace 21. It was returned and pouring was finished.
Note that the reduced-pressure mold making apparatus of the present embodiment has an advantage that, since there is no mold on the holding furnace, the molten metal can be easily replenished, and residues such as sludge and oxide on the upper surface of the molten metal can be easily removed.
Further, in this embodiment, no hot water or fried food is used, but it goes without saying that it can be provided if necessary.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the molten metal is supplied by introducing compressed air, but it goes without saying that the molten metal may be supplied by other methods such as an electromagnetic pump.
図８に示すように、上下の半割鋳型４１ａ，４１ｂが載置された下ダイプレート４２の下方まで１本のパイプ４３により溶湯を供給し、下半割鋳型４１ｂに面するパイプ４３の一端に、複数の溶湯供給路を内部に形成した砂型４４を取り付けた。この砂型４４の使用により、鋳型に設けられた複数の湯口に同時に溶湯を供給することが可能となった。このため、複雑形状の鋳物への対応や、多数個込めの鋳物への対応も容易となった。なお、鋳造方案変更による湯口位置の変更に対しては、湯口位置に対応した溶湯供給路を形成した砂型４４を造型すればよい。このように、砂型を使用することで湯口位置の変更への対応が容易にできる。また、本図では、砂型４４はパイプ４３に接続されているが、砂型４４の接続先はストークでもよいことはいうまでもない。 As shown in FIG. 8, the molten metal is supplied to one lower portion of the lower die plate 42 on which the upper and lower half molds 41a and 41b are placed, and one end of the pipe 43 facing the lower half mold 41b. A sand mold 44 having a plurality of molten metal supply paths formed therein was attached. By using the sand mold 44, it becomes possible to supply molten metal simultaneously to a plurality of gates provided in the mold. For this reason, it became easy to deal with castings with complicated shapes and castings with many pieces. In addition, what is necessary is just to shape the sand mold | type 44 which formed the molten metal supply path corresponding to the gate position with respect to the change of the gate position by a casting plan change. Thus, the use of the sand mold can easily cope with the change of the gate position. In this figure, the sand mold 44 is connected to the pipe 43, but it goes without saying that the destination of the sand mold 44 may be stalk.
本発明は、大物薄肉鋳物、例えば大物家電、大型テレビ等のフレーム、自動車フレーム、機械装置フレームなどの鋳造品に好適である。なお、材質については問わない。 The present invention is suitable for castings such as large thin-walled castings, for example, frames for large household appliances, large-sized televisions, automobile frames, machinery frames, and the like. The material is not questioned.
１ 保持炉
２ 下ダイプレート
３ 断熱材
４ 鋳枠
５ａ 上半割鋳型
５ｂ 下半割鋳型
９ 鋳造キャビティ
１０ ストーク
２１ 保持炉
２３ 下ダイプレート
２４ 鋳枠
２５ａ 上半割鋳型
２５ｂ 下半割鋳型
３１ 鋳造キャビティ
３２ ストーク
３３ 断熱材
４１ａ 上半割鋳型
４１ｂ 下半割鋳型
４２ 下ダイプレート
４４ 砂型
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Holding furnace 2 Lower die plate 3 Heat insulating material 4 Cast frame 5a Upper half mold 5b Lower half mold 9 Cast cavity 10 Stoke 21 Holding furnace 23 Lower die plate 24 Cast frame 25a Upper half mold 25b Lower half mold 31 Casting Cavity 32 Stoke 33 Heat insulating material 41a Upper half mold 41b Lower half mold 42 Lower die plate 44 Sand mold
Claims (13)
該密着した遮蔽部材上に造型枠体を載置すると共に該造型枠体内に粘結剤を含まない充填材を充填する工程と、
該充填材の上面を密閉して造型枠体内を負圧にし、もって前記遮蔽部材を充填材側に吸着して遮蔽部材を成形する工程と、
ついで前記原形模型板を遮蔽部材から離型して造型面を有する半割鋳型を造型する工程と、
該半割鋳型と同様にして造型したもう一つの半割鋳型と型合せして鋳造キャビティを画成すると共に完成鋳型を形成する工程と、
該鋳造キャビティ内に溶融金属を注入する工程と、
しかる後前記造型枠体内の負圧状態を解除して鋳物を取り出す工程と、を有する減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法において、
前記完成鋳型の下半割鋳型に湯口を形成し、上半割鋳型には湯口を形成しないことを特徴とする減圧鋳型造型の注湯方法。 A shielding member adhesion step for closely attaching the shielding member to the surface of the original model board;
Placing the molding frame on the closely shielded member and filling the molding frame with a filler not containing a binder;
Sealing the upper surface of the filler so as to create a negative pressure in the molding frame, and adsorbing the shielding member to the filler side to form the shielding member;
Next, a step of forming the half mold having a molding surface by releasing the original model plate from the shielding member;
Forming a casting cavity by molding with another half mold formed in the same manner as the half mold, and forming a finished mold;
Injecting molten metal into the casting cavity;
Thereafter, the step of releasing the negative pressure state in the molding frame body and taking out the casting,
A pouring method for forming a vacuum mold, wherein a pouring gate is formed in the lower half mold of the finished mold and no pouring gate is formed in the upper half mold.
A casting that is cast by the method of pouring a reduced-pressure mold according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| JP2004132681A JP2005313189A (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Method for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding, and cast product |
| PCT/JP2005/006481 WO2005095022A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| CN2005800177655A CN1960822B (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| EP05727259A EP1731242A4 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| US11/547,541 US7500507B2 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| BRPI0509560-3A BRPI0509560A (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | casting method, device and molten product in a vacuum molding process |
| KR1020067022592A KR100901034B1 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| EA200601602A EA008468B1 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Method and device for pouring molten metal in vacuum molding and casting |
| US12/318,098 US7757746B2 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2008-12-22 | Pouring method, device, and cast in vacuum molding process |
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| JP2009255138A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-11-05 | Tajima Keikinzoku:Kk | Low-pressure casting apparatus and method |
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