JP2005257862A - Fixing member and fixing device - Google Patents

Fixing member and fixing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005257862A
JP2005257862A JP2004067090A JP2004067090A JP2005257862A JP 2005257862 A JP2005257862 A JP 2005257862A JP 2004067090 A JP2004067090 A JP 2004067090A JP 2004067090 A JP2004067090 A JP 2004067090A JP 2005257862 A JP2005257862 A JP 2005257862A
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Prior art keywords
fixing
fixing member
layer
recording material
roller
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Japanese (ja)
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Masashi Komata
将史 小俣
Kazuhisa Kenmochi
剱持和久
Keisuke Abe
敬介 阿部
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Priority to JP2004067090A priority Critical patent/JP2005257862A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the density unevenness of a fixed image on a recording material and to prevent fixing property due to the unevenness of the recording material from becoming worse by fixing a toner image so that the toner image is uniformly smashed on the recording material without being affected by undulations of the recording material in an electrophotographic fixing process of recording the toner image on the recording material. <P>SOLUTION: This fixing member 10 is constituted having larger surface roughness on the top surface of a release layer 10c by roughening a primer layer 10c by mixing rough particles P having heat conductivity of ≥2.5 E-2W/mm and particle size of 5 to 30 μm with, for example, a primer layer 10b etc., positioned below the release layer 10c as a surface layer. For the surface roughness, the release layer has surface undulations of ≥1 μm in cutting depth where a relative load length is 10% and ≥2.5 μm in cutting depth where the relative load length is 80%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、例えば電子写真方式、静電記録方式等の作像プロセスを採用した画像形成装置に用いられる定着装置の定着部材に関し、特に作像プロセス部で記録材(転写材、印字用紙、感光紙、静電記録紙等)に転写方式あるいは直接方式で形成担持させた、目的の画像情報の未定着トナー像を熱定着処理して定着画像を形成するための加熱定着装置に用いられる定着部材、該定着部材を有する定着装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fixing member of a fixing device used in an image forming apparatus that employs an image forming process such as an electrophotographic method or an electrostatic recording method, and particularly in a recording material (transfer material, printing paper, photosensitive material) in an image forming process unit. Fixing member used in a heat fixing device for forming a fixed image by heat-fixing an unfixed toner image of target image information formed and supported on a transfer method or a direct method on paper, electrostatic recording paper, or the like) The present invention relates to a fixing device having the fixing member.

従来、電子写真方式、静電記録方式等を採用する画像形成装置に具備される定着装置には、互いに圧接して回転する定着ローラと加圧ローラとで形成されるニップ部に、未定着トナー像を担持した記録材を通過させる、いわゆる熱ローラ方式(ローラ加熱方式)定着装置が広く用いられている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an image forming apparatus that employs an electrophotographic method, an electrostatic recording method, or the like has a fixing device that includes an unfixed toner in a nip portion formed by a fixing roller and a pressure roller that rotate in pressure contact with each other. A so-called heat roller type (roller heating type) fixing device that allows a recording material carrying an image to pass therethrough is widely used.

図8に従来における熱ローラ方式定着装置の一例を示す。この定着装置は、内部にハロゲンランプ等の加熱体Hを挿入した定着部材としての定着ローラ(熱ローラ)10と、加圧部材としての芯がねの周囲にシリコーンゴム等の弾性体を形成した加圧部材としての弾性加圧ローラ11とを並行に配置、圧接し、加圧ローラを弾性変形させることで定着ニップ部Nを形成し、未定着トナー像を形成担持させた記録材Sを、該ローラ対10・11のニップ部Nを通過させることで熱および圧力によりトナー像を記録材に定着させる。   FIG. 8 shows an example of a conventional heat roller type fixing device. In this fixing device, a fixing roller (heat roller) 10 as a fixing member having a heating element H such as a halogen lamp inserted therein, and an elastic body such as silicone rubber are formed around a core as a pressure member. A recording material S in which a fixing nip portion N is formed by elastically deforming the pressure roller by arranging and pressing the elastic pressure roller 11 as a pressure member in parallel, and forming and carrying an unfixed toner image, The toner image is fixed on the recording material by heat and pressure by passing through the nip portion N of the roller pair 10.

定着ローラ10としては、例えば特許文献1に開示される層構成のものが使用されている。すなわち、アルミの中空芯がね10aの外面にプライマー層10b、さらにその外面に離型性及び耐熱性に優れた性能を示すポリテトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(PTFE)、パーフルオロアルコキシテトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(PFA)の如き離型性層10cが形成されている。離型性層はチューブ状に形成された材料の被覆、あるいは静電スプレー、ディッピング塗工の如き塗工により形成されている。アルミの中空芯がね10aの内部に配設した加熱体Hとしてのハロゲンランプであり、不図示の電源からの通電により、中空がね内部から記録材上のトナーを融解させるのに十分な加熱を行う。   As the fixing roller 10, for example, a layer structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used. That is, the primer layer 10b is formed on the outer surface of the aluminum hollow core glass 10a, and the polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer (PTFE) and the perfluoroalkoxytetrafluoroethylene copolymer exhibiting excellent releasability and heat resistance on the outer surface. A release layer 10c such as a polymer (PFA) is formed. The releasable layer is formed by coating a tube-shaped material, or coating such as electrostatic spraying or dipping coating. This is a halogen lamp as a heating element H disposed inside an aluminum hollow core 10a, and heated sufficiently to melt toner on the recording material from the inside of the hollow steel by energization from a power source (not shown). I do.

しかしながら、上記の従来の定着ローラ10においては、記録材Sとして、表面の起伏が大きい紙の紙上のトナーに対しては、与える熱量が不均一になってしまうことがあった。すなわち紙表面の起伏で“山”に位置する部分では、定着ローラ表面とよく密着し熱及び圧力がよくかかるのに対して、“谷”に位置する部分では、定着ローラとの密着性が悪くなるため、それぞれの部分でのトナーのつぶれ具合が異なり、結果的に局所的な定着性の悪化や濃度ムラを引き起こすことがあった。とくにこのつぶれ具合の違いによる上記問題は、孤立ドットよりなるハーフトーン画像で顕著にみられる。   However, in the conventional fixing roller 10 described above, the amount of heat applied to the toner on the paper having a large surface undulation as the recording material S may become uneven. That is, the portion of the paper surface that is located at the “mountain” is in close contact with the surface of the fixing roller and is subject to heat and pressure, whereas the portion that is located at the “valley” has poor adhesion to the fixing roller. For this reason, the degree of toner crushing in each part is different, and as a result, local fixing property deterioration and density unevenness may be caused. In particular, the above-mentioned problem due to the difference in the collapse state is noticeable in a halftone image made up of isolated dots.

中空芯がね10aと離型性層10cとの間にシリコーンゴムからなる弾性層を設けることで、定着ローラの紙凹凸に対する追随性を良くし、これにより紙表面の起伏が大きい紙に対しても均一に熱がかけられるようにすることができるが、この場合には、定着部材の熱容量増加にともない加熱定着装置の立ち上げ時に温調温度までに達するウェイトタイムの増加、消費電力の増加や定着ローラの部品コスト増加などの弊害が発生してしまう。また加熱定着装置の温調温度を上げることで紙表面の“谷”部に位置するトナーに与える熱量を増やすこともできるが、この場合“山”部のトナーが逆に加熱しすぎ気味になり、オフセットしやすくなる。また消費電力の増加や、加熱定着装置の一層の耐熱性が求められ、より耐熱グレードの高い材料の使用を余儀なくされることによるコストアップや、製品のスペックダウンなど諸々の弊害が発生してしまう。
特開2002−40856号公報
By providing an elastic layer made of silicone rubber between the hollow core wire 10a and the releasable layer 10c, it is possible to improve the followability of the fixing roller with respect to the paper unevenness, thereby making the paper surface with a large undulation. However, in this case, as the heat capacity of the fixing member increases, the wait time that reaches the temperature control temperature at the start-up of the heat fixing device increases, the power consumption increases, Defects such as an increase in parts cost of the fixing roller occur. It is also possible to increase the amount of heat given to the toner located in the “valley” part of the paper surface by raising the temperature control temperature of the heat fixing device. In this case, however, the toner in the “crest” part is overheated. , Easy to offset. In addition, increased power consumption and higher heat resistance of the heat-fixing device are required, and various adverse effects such as increased costs due to the necessity of using materials with higher heat-resistant grades and product spec-downs may occur. .
JP 2002-40856 A

上記事情を鑑み、本発明は定着部材の熱容量増加や定着温調温度の上昇などといった弊害なく、前記のトナーと定着部材の密着性の違いによる、定着不良や濃度ムラの発生をなくすことを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to eliminate the occurrence of defective fixing and uneven density due to the difference in adhesion between the toner and the fixing member, without adverse effects such as an increase in the heat capacity of the fixing member and an increase in the fixing temperature control temperature. And

上記課題を解決するため、本出願にかかる発明は以下の構成を特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to the present application is characterized by the following configuration.

(1)表面に離型性層を有する定着部材及び該定着部材に圧接して定着ニップを形成するための加圧部材を有し、未定着トナー像が形成された記録材を該定着ニップ間に通過させることにより、上記未定着トナー像を記録材上に定着画像として定着させる定着装置に用いられる定着部材において、離型性層の表面は、断面曲線で最大高さ(JISB0601−1982)が3.0μm以上で、相対負荷曲線での相対負荷長さが10%の所でのカッティング深さが1μm以上、且つ80%の所でのカッティング深さが2.5μm以上ある表面起伏を有していることを特徴とする定着部材。   (1) A fixing member having a releasable layer on the surface, and a pressure member for forming a fixing nip by pressing against the fixing member, and a recording material on which an unfixed toner image is formed is disposed between the fixing nips. In the fixing member used in the fixing device for fixing the unfixed toner image as a fixed image on the recording material by passing it through the surface, the surface of the release layer has a maximum height (JISB0601-1982) in a cross-sectional curve. It has a surface undulation with a cutting depth of 1 μm or more when the relative load length on the relative load curve is 10% or more and a cutting depth of 2.5 μm or more when it is 80%. A fixing member.

(2)離型性層の表面起伏は離型性層より下層の表面形状をあらすことで形成されたことを特徴とする(1)に記載の定着部材。   (2) The fixing member according to (1), wherein the surface relief of the releasable layer is formed by expressing the surface shape of the layer below the releasable layer.

(3)離型性層より下層の表面形状のあらしは、研磨剤をブラストすることで形成されたことを特徴とする(2)に記載の定着部材。   (3) The fixing member according to (2), wherein the appearance of the surface shape below the releasable layer is formed by blasting an abrasive.

(4)離型性層の表面起伏は該離型性層より下層の層中に粗し粒子を分散させたことで形成されたことを特徴とする(1)に記載の定着部材。   (4) The fixing member according to (1), wherein the surface relief of the releasable layer is formed by roughening and dispersing particles in a layer below the releasable layer.

(5)粗し粒子は、熱伝導率が10W/mk以上、平均粒径が3.5μm以上であることを特徴とする(4)に記載の定着部材。   (5) The fixing member according to (4), wherein the roughened particles have a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mk or more and an average particle size of 3.5 μm or more.

(6)粗し粒子は、金属酸化物の不定形粒子よりなることを特徴とする(4)又は(5)に記載の定着部材。   (6) The fixing member according to (4) or (5), wherein the roughened particles are made of metal oxide amorphous particles.

(7)上記定着部材はロール形状に形成されていることを特徴とする(1)乃至(6)のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材。   (7) The fixing member according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the fixing member is formed in a roll shape.

(8)上記定着部材はベルト又はフィルム形状に形成されていることを特徴とする(1)乃至(7)のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材。   (8) The fixing member according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the fixing member is formed in a belt or film shape.

(9)定着部材及び該定着部材に圧接して定着ニップを形成するための加圧部材とを有し、未定着トナー像が形成された記録材を該定着ニップ間に通過させることにより、上記未定着トナー像を記録材上に定着画像として定着させる定着装置において、上記定着部材が(1)ないし(8)のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材であることを特徴とする定着装置。   (9) a fixing member and a pressure member that presses against the fixing member to form a fixing nip, and passes the recording material on which the unfixed toner image is formed between the fixing nips, thereby A fixing device for fixing an unfixed toner image as a fixed image on a recording material, wherein the fixing member is the fixing member according to any one of (1) to (8).

すなわち上記(1)の第一の発明に係る定着部材は、離型性層の表面起伏を上記のように有することにより“山”部のトナーをつぶしすぎず、“谷”部のトナーを適度につぶすようになるため、定着性のムラ、濃度ムラを改善することが可能となる。   That is, the fixing member according to the first invention of the above (1) has the surface relief of the releasable layer as described above, so that the toner in the “mountain” portion is not crushed too much and the toner in the “valley” portion is appropriately Therefore, it is possible to improve the fixing unevenness and density unevenness.

さらに上記(2)の第二の発明に係る定着部材は、離型性層より下層の層表面をあらすことで、表層の離型性層の離型性を損なうことなく、定着性のムラ、濃度ムラを改善することができる。   Furthermore, the fixing member according to the second invention of the above (2) has a non-uniformity in fixing property without deteriorating the releasing property of the surface releasing layer by exposing the surface of the layer below the releasing layer, Density unevenness can be improved.

さらに上記(3)の第三の発明に係る定着部材は、理離型性層より下層の層表面を研磨剤のブラストによりあらすことで耐久性に優れた定着部材を提供できる。   Furthermore, the fixing member according to the third invention of (3) can provide a fixing member having excellent durability by exposing the surface of the layer below the release layer to a blast of an abrasive.

さらに上記(4)の第四の発明に係る定着部材は、離型性層より下層の層中に粗し粒子をいれることで製造上容易にかつ表層の離型性層の離型性を損なうことなく、定着性のムラ、濃度ムラを改善することができる。   Further, the fixing member according to the fourth invention of the above (4) is easily manufactured and impairs the releasability of the surface releasable layer by putting coarse particles in the layer below the releasable layer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the fixing unevenness and the density unevenness.

さらに上記(5)の第五の発明に係る定着部材は、粗し粒子の熱伝導度、粒径を上記のようにすることでさらに“谷”部への熱伝導度を上げることができ、定着性のムラを第一、第二の発明よりもさらに改善することができる。   Furthermore, the fixing member according to the fifth invention of the above (5) can further increase the thermal conductivity to the “valley” portion by setting the thermal conductivity and particle size of the roughened particles as described above. Unevenness of fixing property can be further improved as compared with the first and second inventions.

さらに上記(6)の第六の発明に係る定着部材は、粗し粒子として上記部材を用いることで耐久安定性に優れた定着部材を提供できる。また不定形粒子を用いる事で球形など定型粒子を用いる場合と比べてより安価に製造する事が出来る。   Furthermore, the fixing member according to the sixth invention of (6) can provide a fixing member having excellent durability stability by using the above-mentioned member as roughening particles. Further, by using irregular particles, it can be produced at a lower cost than when using regular particles such as spheres.

さらに上記(7)の第七の発明に係る定着部材は、定着ムラと濃度ムラを両立した定着部材を提供するにあたり、装置の高速化をする上で望ましい。   Further, the fixing member according to the seventh invention of (7) is desirable for increasing the speed of the apparatus in providing a fixing member having both fixing unevenness and density unevenness.

さらに上記(8)の第八の発明に係る定着部材は、定着ムラと濃度ムラを両立した定着部材を提供するにあたり、伝熱効率のより高い定着部材を提供する上で望ましい。   Further, the fixing member according to the eighth invention of (8) is desirable in providing a fixing member having higher heat transfer efficiency in providing a fixing member that achieves both fixing unevenness and density unevenness.

さらに上記(9)の第九の発明に係る定着装置は、上記第一乃至第八の定着部材を用いた定着装置であり、これにより定着ムラと濃度ムラを両立した定着装置を提供することができる。   Further, the fixing device according to the ninth invention of (9) is a fixing device using the first to eighth fixing members, and thereby provides a fixing device that achieves both fixing unevenness and density unevenness. it can.

要するに、本発明においては、定着ローラや定着フィルム等の定着部材の表面粗さを粗くする。粗さとしては表面の断面曲線において最大高さ(JISB0601−1982)が3.0μm以上、相対負荷長さが10%−1.0μm以上、80%−2.5μm以上に設定する。また粗しかたとして熱電動性の高い金属酸化物の粒子をまぜて粗くする。これにより、PBSパターンなどのハーフトーンのガサツキ対策および定着性の向上がなされる。上記範囲を外れると、すなわち、最大高さが3.0μmよりも小さく、また相対負荷長さが10%−1.0μmよりも小さく、80%−2.5μmよりも小さいと、所期の効果が得られない。   In short, in the present invention, the surface roughness of a fixing member such as a fixing roller or a fixing film is increased. The roughness is set such that the maximum height (JISB0601-1982) in the cross-sectional curve of the surface is 3.0 μm or more, and the relative load length is 10% -1.0 μm or more, 80% -2.5 μm or more. Further, as a rough method, the metal oxide particles having high thermoelectric properties are mixed and roughened. As a result, halftone roughness such as a PBS pattern is prevented and fixing performance is improved. Out of the above range, that is, when the maximum height is smaller than 3.0 μm and the relative load length is smaller than 10% -1.0 μm and smaller than 80% -2.5 μm, the desired effect is obtained. Cannot be obtained.

以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited only to a following example.

(1)画像形成装置例
図1は本実施例における画像形成装置の概略構成図である。本実施例の画像形成装置は、電子写真方式の画像形成装置であり、静電潜像を表面に担持する像担持体である感光ドラム1と、感光ドラム1を一様に負に帯電する帯電手段である帯電器2と、帯電された感光ドラム1に光Lを照射して静電潜像を形成する静電潜像形成手段である露光手段3と、感光ドラム1上に現像剤のトナーを供給して静電潜像を顕像化する現像手段としての現像装置4と、顕像化された静電潜像であるトナー像を紙等の記録材Sに転写する転写手段である転写ローラ6と、一対のローラからなり、転写ローラ6へ記録材Sを挟持搬送する記録材供給手段であるレジストローラ5と、転写後に感光ドラム1上に残る転写残トナーを除去するクリーニング手段であるブレード7と、トナー像を担持した記録材を次段へ搬送する搬送系8と、トナー像を記録材に定着する定着装置20とを有している。
(1) Example of Image Forming Apparatus FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus in this embodiment. The image forming apparatus of this embodiment is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and is a photosensitive drum 1 that is an image carrier that carries an electrostatic latent image on its surface, and charging that uniformly charges the photosensitive drum 1 negatively. A charger 2 as a means, an exposure means 3 as an electrostatic latent image forming means for forming an electrostatic latent image by irradiating the charged photosensitive drum 1 with light L, and a developer toner on the photosensitive drum 1. And a developing device 4 as a developing means for developing an electrostatic latent image and a transfer means for transferring a toner image, which is a visualized electrostatic latent image, to a recording material S such as paper A roller 6 and a pair of rollers, a registration roller 5 that is a recording material supply unit that sandwiches and conveys the recording material S to the transfer roller 6, and a cleaning unit that removes transfer residual toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 1 after transfer. The recording material carrying the blade 7 and the toner image is conveyed to the next stage. A transport system 8, and a fixing device 20 for fixing the toner image on the recording material.

作像動作を説明する。本実施例の画像形成装置のプロセススピードは90mm/Sec、A4紙を毎分14枚プリントできる。感光ドラム1は矢印の時計方向に所定の速度にて回転駆動され、帯電器2によって一様にマイナス帯電され、露光手段3による光像露光Lにより感光ドラム1の表面には潜像が形成される。この潜像は、マイナスに帯電するトナーを用いる現像装置4によりトナー像として反転現像(可視化)される。一方、不図示の給紙機構部から記録材(転写材)Sが1枚分離給送され、レジストローラ5の位置で一時待機状態にされる。レジストローラ5は所定の制御タイミングにおいて回転駆動されて一時待機状態の記録材Sを挟持搬送して、感光ドラム1と転写ローラ6との当接部である転写ニップ部Tに給送する。レジストローラ5の駆動制御タイミングは、回転する感光ドラム上のトナー像の先端部が転写ニップ部Tに到達したとき記録材Sの先端部も転写ニップ部Tに丁度到達する状態になるタイミングである。転写ニップ部Tに給送された記録材Sは、転写ニップ部Tを挟持搬送され、転写ローラ6に印加した、トナーの帯電極性とは逆極性のプラスの転写バイアスによる電界により、感光ドラム1側のトナー像の静電転写を順次に受ける。転写ニップ部Tを出た記録材Sは感光ドラム1の面から分離されて、搬送系8で定着装置20へ導入されてトナー画像の定着処理を受け、画像形成物として機外に排紙される。記録材分離後の感光ドラム1面はクリーニング手段であるブレード7によってクリーニングされて次の画像形成工程に備える。   The image forming operation will be described. The process speed of the image forming apparatus of this embodiment is 90 mm / Sec, and 14 sheets of A4 paper can be printed per minute. The photosensitive drum 1 is rotated at a predetermined speed in the clockwise direction of the arrow, is uniformly negatively charged by the charger 2, and a latent image is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 by the optical image exposure L by the exposure means 3. The This latent image is reversely developed (visualized) as a toner image by the developing device 4 using negatively charged toner. On the other hand, one sheet of recording material (transfer material) S is separated and fed from a sheet feeding mechanism unit (not shown), and is temporarily in a standby state at the position of the registration roller 5. The registration roller 5 is rotationally driven at a predetermined control timing, sandwiches and conveys the recording material S in a temporary standby state, and feeds the recording material S to a transfer nip portion T that is a contact portion between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 6. The drive control timing of the registration roller 5 is a timing at which the leading edge of the recording material S just reaches the transfer nip T when the leading edge of the toner image on the rotating photosensitive drum reaches the transfer nip T. . The recording material S fed to the transfer nip T is sandwiched and conveyed by the transfer nip T, and is applied to the transfer roller 6 by an electric field generated by a positive transfer bias having a polarity opposite to the toner charging polarity. The toner image on the side is sequentially subjected to electrostatic transfer. The recording material S that has exited the transfer nip T is separated from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1, introduced into the fixing device 20 by the transport system 8, undergoes toner image fixing processing, and is discharged out of the apparatus as an image formed product. The The surface of the photosensitive drum 1 after separation of the recording material is cleaned by a blade 7 serving as a cleaning unit to prepare for the next image forming process.

(2)定着装置20
本実施例における定着装置20は熱ローラ方式定着装置である。図2はその概略図である。
(2) Fixing device 20
The fixing device 20 in this embodiment is a heat roller type fixing device. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram thereof.

10は定着部材としての定着ローラ(熱ローラ)、11は加圧部材としての加圧ローラである。定着ローラ10と加圧ローラ11は上下に並行に配列して所定の押圧力で圧接させて、所定幅の定着ニップ部Nを形成させている。また定着ローラ10と加圧ローラ11は矢印の方向に所定の速度にて回転駆動される。   Reference numeral 10 denotes a fixing roller (heat roller) as a fixing member, and 11 denotes a pressure roller as a pressure member. The fixing roller 10 and the pressure roller 11 are arranged in parallel vertically and are pressed against each other with a predetermined pressing force to form a fixing nip portion N having a predetermined width. The fixing roller 10 and the pressure roller 11 are driven to rotate at a predetermined speed in the direction of the arrow.

定着ローラ10は、外径30mm、肉厚2mmのアルミニウム円筒状の芯がね10a上に、粗し粒子を有するが約7μm厚のプライマー層10bと、さらにその上に約12μm厚のフッ素樹脂の離型性層10cを有している。また、内部には加熱体として、ハロゲンヒータHが配設されている。給電回路100からハロゲンヒータHに電力が供給され、該ハロゲンヒータHの発熱で定着ローラ10が内側から加熱される。この定着ローラ10の表面温度がサーミスタ等の検温素子THで検温されてその電気的検温情報が制御回路101に入力する。制御回路101は検温素子THから入力する検温情報が所定の定着温度に維持されるように給電回路100からハロゲンヒータHに供給される電力を制御して定着ローラ10の温度を温調する。   The fixing roller 10 includes a primer layer 10b having rough particles but having a thickness of about 7 μm on an aluminum cylindrical core rod 10a having an outer diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, and a fluororesin resin having a thickness of about 12 μm. It has a release layer 10c. In addition, a halogen heater H is disposed inside as a heating body. Electric power is supplied from the power supply circuit 100 to the halogen heater H, and the fixing roller 10 is heated from the inside by the heat generated by the halogen heater H. The surface temperature of the fixing roller 10 is sensed by a temperature sensing element TH such as a thermistor, and the electrical temperature sensing information is input to the control circuit 101. The control circuit 101 controls the temperature of the fixing roller 10 by controlling the power supplied from the power supply circuit 100 to the halogen heater H so that the temperature detection information input from the temperature detection element TH is maintained at a predetermined fixing temperature.

12は定着ローラ10に対するバイアス印加電源であり、定着ローラ10の芯がね10aに抵抗13を介して、トナーの帯電極性(マイナス)と同極性の−500Vの電圧を印加できる構成になっている。このバイアス印加により記録材S側から定着ローラ10側へのトナーのオフセットが静電的に防止される。   Reference numeral 12 denotes a bias application power source for the fixing roller 10, which can apply a voltage of −500 V having the same polarity as the toner charging polarity (minus) to the core 10 a of the fixing roller 10 via a resistor 13. . This bias application electrostatically prevents toner offset from the recording material S side to the fixing roller 10 side.

加圧ローラ11は外径24mmで、外径12mmの芯がね11a上に導電性シリコーンスポンジの弾性層11bを設け、定着に十分な熱量を与えるだけのニップを定着ローラ10に圧接することで形成するように設けられている。また、加圧ローラ11の最外層は30μm厚のPFAチューブ11cで形成され、離型性を向上させている。   The pressure roller 11 has an outer diameter of 24 mm, an elastic layer 11 b of conductive silicone sponge is provided on a core 11 a having an outer diameter of 12 mm, and a nip that gives a sufficient amount of heat for fixing is pressed against the fixing roller 10. It is provided to form. Further, the outermost layer of the pressure roller 11 is formed of a PFA tube 11c having a thickness of 30 μm, thereby improving the releasability.

9は定着ニップ部Nよりも記録材搬送方向上流側に配設した記録材入り口ガイド板であり、定着ニップ部への記録材Sの進入位置を決定して紙シワ等を防止する。   Reference numeral 9 denotes a recording material entrance guide plate disposed upstream of the fixing nip portion N in the recording material conveyance direction, and determines the entry position of the recording material S into the fixing nip portion to prevent paper wrinkles and the like.

16は定着ニップ部Nよりも記録材下流側に配設した記録材搬送ローラであり、定着ニップ部Nから不図示の排紙トレーへと記録材Sを案内する。この搬送ローラ16は導電性のプラスチックによって形成されており、アースに接続されている。   Reference numeral 16 denotes a recording material conveyance roller disposed on the downstream side of the recording material with respect to the fixing nip portion N, and guides the recording material S from the fixing nip portion N to a paper discharge tray (not shown). The transport roller 16 is made of conductive plastic and is connected to the ground.

転写ニップ部Tで感光ドラム1側からトナー像の転写を受けた記録材Sは搬送系8及び入り口ガイド板9を通って定着装置20の定着ニップ部Nに案内され、定着ニップ部Nにて挟持搬送されながら定着ローラ10と加圧ローラ11により加熱及び加圧されてトナー像の定着が行われる。定着ローラ10では、前述した加熱体であるハロゲンランプHが給電回路100からの通電により、芯がねであるアルミニウム円筒10a内部から記録材S上のトナーを融解させるための加熱を行う。定着温調温度としては、20℃/30%環境で80g/m紙上に5mm角のベタ画像が定着できるような温調温度として設定される。より具体的には5mm角を1.96N(200gf)の力でシルボン紙で5mm角の定着画像をこする前後での濃度をマクベス濃度計で測定しその低下率が25%以内になるように180℃に設定した。 The recording material S that has received the transfer of the toner image from the photosensitive drum 1 side at the transfer nip T is guided to the fixing nip N of the fixing device 20 through the transport system 8 and the entrance guide plate 9. The toner image is fixed by being heated and pressed by the fixing roller 10 and the pressure roller 11 while being nipped and conveyed. In the fixing roller 10, the halogen lamp H that is the heating body described above performs heating for melting the toner on the recording material S from the inside of the aluminum cylinder 10 a that is the core wire when energized from the power supply circuit 100. The fixing temperature adjustment temperature is set as a temperature adjustment temperature at which a 5 mm square solid image can be fixed on 80 g / m 2 paper in an environment of 20 ° C./30%. More specifically, the density before and after rubbing a 5 mm square fixed image on a 5 mm square with a force of 1.96 N (200 gf) with a Silbon paper is measured with a Macbeth densitometer so that the reduction rate is within 25%. Set to 180 ° C.

(2)定着部材の表面起伏
本実施例における定着部材である定着ローラ10は、前記したように、外径30mm、肉厚2mmのアルミニウム円筒10a上に、粗し粒子を有する約7μm厚のプライマー層10b、さらにその上に約12μm厚のフッ素樹脂の離型性層10cを有している。図3は上記層構成の模式図である。
(2) Surface Unraveling of Fixing Member As described above, the fixing roller 10 which is a fixing member in the present embodiment is a primer having a rough particle on an aluminum cylinder 10a having an outer diameter of 30 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. The layer 10b is further provided with a fluororesin releasing layer 10c having a thickness of about 12 μm. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layer structure.

プライマー層10bは、フッ素系の樹脂からなり、導電性をもたせるためのカーボンブラックと、粗し粒子Pが分散されている。そのため粗し粒子Pの形状にあわせて中間層であるプライマー層10bに凹凸が形成されるとともに、その影響は定着ローラ表面層である離型性層10cの表面にも凹凸となって現れる。   The primer layer 10b is made of a fluorine-based resin, in which carbon black for imparting conductivity and rough particles P are dispersed. Therefore, irregularities are formed on the primer layer 10b, which is an intermediate layer, in accordance with the shape of the rough particles P, and the influence also appears as irregularities on the surface of the releasable layer 10c, which is a surface layer of the fixing roller.

離型性層10cは、離型性に優れた性能を示すポリテトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(PTFE)、及びパーフルオロアルコキシテトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(PFA)が7:3の割合で混合して形成された層である。   In the release layer 10c, a polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer (PTFE) and a perfluoroalkoxytetrafluoroethylene copolymer (PFA) exhibiting excellent performance in a release property are mixed in a ratio of 7: 3. It is a formed layer.

より詳しくは、離型性層10cは、PTFEおよびPFAを7:3の割合で混合し形成した水性ディスパージョン(水分散液)に、中抵抗粒子である酸化チタン粒子30質量%を混合撹拌し、上記アルミ芯金10aにディッピング塗工した後乾燥、焼き付けを行うことにより、およそ12μmの厚みに形成された層である。なお、酸化チタン粒子は、平均粒子径が0.4μmであり、表面をAlで親水化処理した酸化チタン粒子を使用した。 More specifically, the release layer 10c is prepared by mixing and stirring 30 mass% of titanium oxide particles, which are medium resistance particles, in an aqueous dispersion (aqueous dispersion) formed by mixing PTFE and PFA in a ratio of 7: 3. This is a layer formed to have a thickness of about 12 μm by dipping the aluminum cored bar 10a, followed by drying and baking. The titanium oxide particles had an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm and titanium oxide particles whose surface was hydrophilized with Al 2 O 3 were used.

ここで、粒子の粒径測定法として、いくつかの方法が知られているが、本発明においては、レーザー顕微鏡を用いた測定を行った。具体的には粉体のサンプルを平面状の試料台に載せ、レーザー顕微鏡(キーエンス製VK9500)で粒子を観察しながら、粒子各々の最大高さ(試料台の平面から垂直方向の高さの最大値)を測定し、任意に選定した粒子100個の最大高さの平均値を平均粒径として測定した。   Here, several methods are known as a method for measuring the particle size of particles. In the present invention, measurement using a laser microscope was performed. Specifically, a powder sample is placed on a flat sample stage, and the maximum height of each particle (maximum height in the vertical direction from the plane of the sample stage) while observing the particles with a laser microscope (Keyence VK9500). Value), and the average value of the maximum heights of 100 arbitrarily selected particles was measured as the average particle diameter.

離型性層10cは、上記酸化チタン粒子を上記共重合体中に分散することにより、定着ローラ10の表面抵抗をコントロールする。本実施例では概ね、表面抵抗値;1.5×10Ω、体積抵抗値;8.2×1013Ωcmに設定した。 The releasable layer 10 c controls the surface resistance of the fixing roller 10 by dispersing the titanium oxide particles in the copolymer. In this example, the surface resistance value: 1.5 × 10 7 Ω and the volume resistance value: 8.2 × 10 13 Ωcm were generally set.

以下、実際に本実施例において、濃度低下率およびハーフトーン画像の濃度ムラに対する効果を粗し粒子Pを振った以下の具体例をもとに説明する。   Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the effects of the density reduction rate and the density unevenness of the halftone image will be roughened and explained based on the following specific examples.

定着性の評価は15℃/20%の環境でPloverBond75g/m紙に1d1S横線のハーフトーン画像を5mm角に印字したパターンを用いて評価した。また定着条件をそろえるために具体例と比較例の両者の定着ローラ10のプライマー層10b及び離型性層10cの膜厚は同じにしてある。また濃度ムラには図4に示す孤立ドットのハーフトーンパターンをNPI上質紙128g/mA4サイズに印字して評価した。 The fixability was evaluated using a pattern in which a halftone image of 1d1S horizontal line was printed on a 5 mm square on PloverBond 75 g / m 2 paper in an environment of 15 ° C./20%. In order to make the fixing conditions uniform, the film thicknesses of the primer layer 10b and the release layer 10c of the fixing roller 10 in both the specific example and the comparative example are the same. Further, the density unevenness was evaluated by printing the halftone pattern of isolated dots shown in FIG. 4 on NPI fine paper 128 g / m 2 A4 size.

(具体例1)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μm(不定形)、熱伝導率が3.6E−2W/mmKの酸化アルミニウムを15%(Wt)用いた離型性層10cの表面の粗さが、断面曲線で最大高さRmax(JISB0601―1982、以下すべて最大高さと略記する)4.3μm、相対負荷曲線での相対負荷長さは、10%の所でのカッティング深さが2.9μm、80%の所でのカッティング深さが3.7μmである定着ローラを用いた場合である。
(Specific example 1)
The roughness of the surface of the releasable layer 10c using 15% (Wt) of aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 15 μm (indeterminate) as the roughened particles P and a thermal conductivity of 3.6E-2 W / mmK is a cross-sectional curve. The maximum height Rmax (JISB0601-1982, hereinafter abbreviated as “maximum height”) is 4.3 μm, the relative load length in the relative load curve is 2.9 μm and the cutting depth is 80% at 10%. This is a case where a fixing roller having a cutting depth of 3.7 μm is used.

ここで、本発明における表面粗さはすべて小坂研究所表面粗さ計サーフコーダーSE3500を用い、カットオフを0.8mm、測定長を2.5mmとして測定を行った。   Here, all the surface roughnesses in the present invention were measured using a Kosaka Laboratory surface roughness meter Surfcoder SE3500, with a cutoff of 0.8 mm and a measurement length of 2.5 mm.

(具体例2)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μm、熱伝導率が1.2E−3W/mmKであるガラスビーズを10%(wt)用いた離形性層表面の粗さが最大高さ4.3μm、相対負荷長さで10%−3.0μm、80%−3.8μmである定着ローラを用いた場合である。
(Specific example 2)
Roughness of the surface of the releasable layer using 10% (wt) of glass beads having an average particle diameter of 15 μm and a thermal conductivity of 1.2 E-3 W / mmK as the rough particles P is 4.3 μm in maximum height, relative This is a case where a fixing roller having a load length of 10% -3.0 μm and 80% -3.8 μm is used.

(具体例3)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径7μm(不定形)、熱伝導率が3.6E−2W/mmKの酸化アルミニウムを15%(Wt)もちいた離型性層表面の粗さが最大高さ3.4μm、相対負荷長さで10%−1.85μm、80%−3.0μmである定着ローラを用いた場合である。
(Specific example 3)
2. Roughness of the surface of the releasable layer using 15% (Wt) of aluminum oxide having an average particle size of 7 μm (indeterminate) as the roughened particles P and a thermal conductivity of 3.6E-2 W / mmK. This is the case of using a fixing roller having a relative load length of 4 μm, 10% -1.85 μm, and 80% -3.0 μm.

(比較例1)
プライマー層10bに粗し粒子Pを混ぜない定着ローラで離形性層10cの粗さが最大高さ2.3μm、相対負荷曲線で10%−0.9μm、80%−1.9μmを用いた場合である。
(Comparative Example 1)
Roughness of the releasable layer 10c was 2.3 .mu.m at the maximum height and 10% -0.9 .mu.m and 80% -1.9 .mu.m on the relative load curve with a fixing roller which was not mixed with the primer layer 10b. Is the case.

(比較例2)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μmの酸化アルミニウム(不定形粒子)を5%(Wt)もちいた離型性層10cの表面の粗さが最大高さ2.8μm、相対負荷長さで10%−0.9μm、80%−2.4μmである定着ローラを用いた場合である。
(Comparative Example 2)
The surface roughness of the releasable layer 10c using 5% (Wt) of aluminum oxide (amorphous particles) having an average particle diameter of 15 μm as the rough particles P has a maximum height of 2.8 μm and a relative load length of 10%. This is a case where a fixing roller of −0.9 μm and 80% −2.4 μm is used.

上記の具体例1〜3及び比較例1・2の各定着ローラを用いた定着装置の効果の結果を表1に示す。   Table 1 shows the results of the effects of the fixing devices using the fixing rollers of the above-described specific examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2.

定着性も濃度一様性も最も良好な「具体例1」はおもに中高速機(120mm/Sec以上のプロセススピード)で使われる。「具体例1」や「具体例3」から表面があれた定着ローラ(熱ローラ)でも熱伝導性が(10W/mK以上の熱伝導率を有する特性)の粗し粒子Pを用いることで定着性も良化する効果あることがわかる。   “Specific example 1” having the best fixability and density uniformity is mainly used in a medium-high speed machine (process speed of 120 mm / Sec or more). Fixing by using rough particles P having thermal conductivity (characteristic having thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or more) even on a fixing roller (heat roller) having a surface from “Specific Example 1” or “Specific Example 3”. It can be seen that there is an effect of improving the properties.

逆にあれた表面でも「具体例2」のように熱伝導性が低い場合は濃度一様性に効果はあっても、定着性においては効果が無い。このような定着ローラは定着性のマージンが確保しやすい比較的に低速85mm/Sec以下のプロセススピードを有する機械で使う事が出来る。   On the other hand, if the thermal conductivity is low as in “Specific Example 2”, the uniformity of the density is effective, but the fixability is not effective. Such a fixing roller can be used in a machine having a relatively low process speed of 85 mm / Sec or less, in which a fixing margin is easily secured.

また「具体例3」は「具体例1」と「具体例2」の中間の特性を有し、中速機(85から120mm/Sec)に用いられる。   “Specific example 3” has intermediate characteristics between “specific example 1” and “specific example 2”, and is used for a medium speed machine (85 to 120 mm / Sec).

表1の具体例1〜3と比較例1・2の対比から表面粗さが最大高さ3μm、相対負荷長さで10%−1.0μm以上、80%−2.5μm以上である特性の定着ローラ10を用いることで濃度一様性に対して効果があることが判る。   From the comparison between specific examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 in Table 1, the surface roughness is a maximum height of 3 μm, the relative load length is 10% -1.0 μm or more, and 80% -2.5 μm or more. It can be seen that the use of the fixing roller 10 has an effect on density uniformity.

図5は本実施例における定着装置30の概略構成図である。本実施例の定着装置30は、特にスタンバイ時に加熱定着装置に電力を供給せず、消費電力を極力低く抑えるため、ヒータ部と加圧ローラの間に定着部材として薄い定着フィルム63を介して記録材S上のトナー像を定着するフィルム加熱定着方式による加熱定着方法を採用したことを特徴とする。   FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fixing device 30 in the present embodiment. The fixing device 30 of this embodiment does not supply power to the heat fixing device particularly during standby, and records power via a thin fixing film 63 as a fixing member between the heater portion and the pressure roller in order to keep power consumption as low as possible. A heat fixing method based on a film heat fixing method for fixing a toner image on the material S is employed.

この定着装置30は、ステイホルダー(支持体)62と、ステイホルダー62に固定支持させた加熱体(以下ヒータと記す)61と、不図示の加圧手段(定着部材に向けて付勢するスプリング等の弾性部材など)により圧接される加圧部材である加圧ローラ11と、耐熱性の定着部材である薄肉フィルム製の定着フィルム63と、ヒータ61の温度を検知する温度検知手段64とを有し、ヒータ61と加圧ローラ11の間に定着フィルム63を挟んで所定の幅の定着ニップ部Nを形成している。   The fixing device 30 includes a stay holder (support body) 62, a heating body (hereinafter referred to as a heater) 61 fixedly supported by the stay holder 62, and a pressurizing unit (not shown) (a spring that biases the fixing member). A pressure roller 11 that is a pressure member that is pressed by an elastic member such as an elastic member, a thin film fixing film 63 that is a heat-resistant fixing member, and a temperature detection unit 64 that detects the temperature of the heater 61. A fixing nip portion N having a predetermined width is formed by sandwiching a fixing film 63 between the heater 61 and the pressure roller 11.

加熱体としてのヒータ61には一般にセラミックヒータが使用される。このセラミックヒータは、例えばアルミナ等の電気絶縁性、良熱伝導性、低熱容量のセラミック基板の表面(定着フィルム63と対面する側の面)に基板長手方向(図面に垂直の方向)に沿って銀パラジューム(Ag/Pd)、窒化タンタル(TaN)等の通電発熱抵抗層をスクリーン印刷等で形成具備させ、さらに発熱抵抗層形成面を薄肉のガラス保護層で覆ってなるものである。 A ceramic heater is generally used as the heater 61 as a heating body. This ceramic heater is, for example, along the longitudinal direction of the substrate (the direction perpendicular to the drawing) on the surface (surface facing the fixing film 63) of an electrically insulating, good thermal conductivity, low heat capacity ceramic substrate such as alumina. A heating heating resistance layer such as silver palladium (Ag / Pd) or tantalum nitride (Ta 2 N) is formed by screen printing or the like, and the heating resistance layer forming surface is covered with a thin glass protective layer.

ステイホルダー62は、例えば耐熱性プラスチック製部材より形成され、定着ニップ部Nと反対方向への放熱を防ぎ、ヒータ61を保持すると共に定着フィルム63の搬送ガイドも兼ねている。   The stay holder 62 is formed of, for example, a heat-resistant plastic member, prevents heat radiation in the direction opposite to the fixing nip portion N, holds the heater 61, and also serves as a conveyance guide for the fixing film 63.

定着フィルム63は不図示の駆動手段あるいは加圧ローラ11の回転力により、定着ニップ部Nにおいてヒータ61面及び加圧ローラ11面に密着、摺動しつつ矢印の方向に搬送移動される、円筒状あるいはエンドレスベルト状、若しくはロール巻きの有端ウェブ状の部材である。定着フィルム63は、定着ニップ部Nにおいてヒータ61の熱を効率よく被加熱材としての記録材Sに与えるため、厚みは20〜80μmとかなり薄くしている。   The fixing film 63 is transported and moved in the direction of the arrow while being in close contact with and sliding on the surface of the heater 61 and the pressure roller 11 at the fixing nip portion N by a driving means (not shown) or the rotational force of the pressure roller 11. Or an endless belt-shaped or roll-wrapped end-web-shaped member. The fixing film 63 has a thickness as thin as 20 to 80 μm in order to efficiently apply the heat of the heater 61 to the recording material S as the material to be heated at the fixing nip portion N.

また、定着フィルム63はヒータ61に対して摺擦しながら回転するので、定着フィルム3とヒータ61との間の摩擦抵抗を小さく抑える必要があり、定着フィルム63及びヒータ61や、定着フィルム63に接触するおそれのあるステイホルダー62の表面の間には耐熱性の高いグリース等の潤滑剤を介在させてある。   In addition, since the fixing film 63 rotates while rubbing against the heater 61, it is necessary to suppress the frictional resistance between the fixing film 3 and the heater 61, and the fixing film 63, the heater 61, and the fixing film 63 are not affected. A lubricant such as grease having high heat resistance is interposed between the surfaces of the stay holder 62 which may come into contact.

図6に定着フィルム63の構成を示す。定着フィルム63はフィルム基層63a、導電性プライマー層63b、及び離型性層63cの三層で構成されており、フィルム基層63a側がヒータ61側であり、離型性層63cが加圧ローラ11側である。   FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the fixing film 63. The fixing film 63 is composed of a film base layer 63a, a conductive primer layer 63b, and a release layer 63c. The film base layer 63a side is the heater 61 side, and the release layer 63c is the pressure roller 11 side. It is.

フィルム基層63aは絶縁性の高いポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、PEEK等であり、耐熱性、高弾性を有しており、厚み15〜60μm程度で形成され、定着フィルム63全体の引裂強度の機械的強度を保っている。   The film base layer 63a is made of polyimide, polyamideimide, PEEK or the like having high insulating properties, has heat resistance and high elasticity, is formed with a thickness of about 15 to 60 μm, and has a mechanical strength of the tear strength of the entire fixing film 63. I keep it.

導電性プライマー層63bは、ポリアミド樹脂とフッ素樹脂のディスパージョンを混合したものにカーボンブラックと粗し粒子を分散し、ディッピングにて形成される。層自体の厚みが4〜8ミクロン程度のため、層中に粗し粒子Pが分散し、層表面には粒子Pのあたまが突出している構造となっている。よって離型性層の表面には図3に示す実施例1の定着ローラ10の表面と同様の起伏ができる。ここで導電性プライマー層63bには、オフセットや尾引き防止のために定着フィルム63と記録材裏面との間に電界を作る目的で、不図示のバイアス電源と接続され、トナーの帯電極性(マイナス)と同極性の−500Vの直流バイアスが印加される。もしくはマイナスの電位が得られるようダイオード接続や、10MΩ程度の抵抗を介してグランドに接続される。   The conductive primer layer 63b is formed by dipping after mixing carbon black and rough particles in a mixture of a polyamide resin and a fluororesin dispersion. Since the thickness of the layer itself is about 4 to 8 microns, the particles P are coarsely dispersed in the layer and the head of the particles P protrudes from the surface of the layer. Therefore, the surface of the releasable layer can be undulated similarly to the surface of the fixing roller 10 of Example 1 shown in FIG. Here, the conductive primer layer 63b is connected to a bias power source (not shown) for the purpose of creating an electric field between the fixing film 63 and the back surface of the recording material in order to prevent offset and tailing, and the toner charging polarity (minus ) Is applied with a DC bias of −500 V having the same polarity. Alternatively, it is connected to the ground via a diode connection or a resistance of about 10 MΩ so that a negative potential can be obtained.

離型性層63cは、実施例1と同様、PTFEおよびPFAを7:3の割合で混合した水性ディスパージョンに、実施例1と同様の親水化処理酸化チタン粒子を30質量%分散し、ディッピング塗工により形成されている。   As in Example 1, the releasable layer 63c was prepared by dispersing 30% by mass of hydrophilized titanium oxide particles similar to Example 1 in an aqueous dispersion in which PTFE and PFA were mixed at a ratio of 7: 3. It is formed by coating.

この定着フィルム63の表面粗さを測定した所、相対負荷長さで10%−2.8μm、80%−3.65μmであった。   When the surface roughness of the fixing film 63 was measured, the relative load length was 10% to 2.8 μm and 80% to 3.65 μm.

ヒータ61は通電発熱抵抗層に通電されることにより通電発熱抵抗層が発熱してセラミック基板、ガラス保護層を含むヒータ全体が急速昇温する。このヒータ61の昇温がヒータ背面に設置された温度検知手段64で検知されるヒータ温度が所定のほぼ一定温度(定着温度)に維持されるように通電発熱抵抗層に対する給電を制御する。すなわちヒータ61は所定の定着温度に加熱、温調される。   When the heater 61 is energized to the energization heat generating resistance layer, the energization heat generation resistance layer generates heat and the entire heater including the ceramic substrate and the glass protective layer is rapidly heated. The power supply to the energization heating resistor layer is controlled so that the heater temperature detected by the temperature detection means 64 installed on the back surface of the heater 61 is maintained at a predetermined substantially constant temperature (fixing temperature). That is, the heater 61 is heated and regulated to a predetermined fixing temperature.

ヒータ61を所定の温度に加熱、温調させ、定着フィルム63を矢印の方向に搬送移動させた状態において、定着ニップ部Nの定着フィルム63と加圧ローラ11との間に被加熱材としての未定着トナー像を形成担持させた記録材Sを導入すると、記録材Sは定着フィルム63の面に密着して定着フィルム63と一緒に定着ニップ部Nを挟持搬送される。   In a state where the heater 61 is heated and adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and the fixing film 63 is transported and moved in the direction of the arrow, a material to be heated is provided between the fixing film 63 and the pressure roller 11 in the fixing nip N. When the recording material S on which an unfixed toner image is formed and supported is introduced, the recording material S is brought into close contact with the surface of the fixing film 63 and is nipped and conveyed together with the fixing film 63 through the fixing nip portion N.

この定着ニップ部Nにおいて、記録材、トナー像がヒータ61により定着フィルム63を介して加熱されて記録材上のトナー像が加熱定着され、定着ニップ部Nを通った記録材部分は定着フィルム63の面から剥離して搬送される。   In the fixing nip portion N, the recording material and toner image are heated by the heater 61 through the fixing film 63 to heat and fix the toner image on the recording material, and the recording material portion passing through the fixing nip portion N is the fixing film 63. It is peeled off from the surface and conveyed.

実際に、本実施例の効果を以下の具体例を用いて説明する。定着性(濃度低下率)、およびハーフトーン画像の濃度ムラを調べた結果を以下に示す。定着性の評価は15℃/20%の環境でPloverBond75g/m紙に1d1S横線のハーフトーン画像を5mm角に印字したパターンを用いて評価した。 Actually, the effect of the present embodiment will be described using the following specific example. The results of examining the fixing property (density reduction rate) and the density unevenness of the halftone image are shown below. The fixability was evaluated using a pattern in which a halftone image of 1d1S horizontal line was printed on a 5 mm square on PloverBond 75 g / m 2 paper in an environment of 15 ° C./20%.

(具体例1)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μm(不定形)、熱伝導率が3.6E−2W/mmKの酸化アルミニウムを15%(Wt)もちいた離型性層表面の粗さが最大高さRmax(JISB0601―1982、以下すべて最大高さと略記する)4.3μm、断面曲線で相対負荷長さは10%の所でのカッティング深さ2.9μm、80%の所でのカッティング深さ3.7μmである定着フィルム63を用いた場合である。
(Specific example 1)
The roughness of the surface of the releasable layer using 15% (Wt) of aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 15 μm (indeterminate) as the roughened particles P and a thermal conductivity of 3.6E-2 W / mmK is the maximum height Rmax ( (JISB0601-1982, hereinafter all abbreviated as maximum height) 4.3 μm, cross-sectional curve with relative load length of 10% for cutting depth 2.9 μm, 80% for cutting depth 3.7 μm This is a case where a certain fixing film 63 is used.

(具体例2) 粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μm、熱伝導率が3.6E−2W/mmKである酸化アルミニウムを8%(wt)用いた離形性層表面の粗さが最大高さ3.3μm、相対負荷長さで10%−1.5μm、80%−3.0μmである定着フィルム63を用いた場合である。   (Specific example 2) The roughness of the surface of the releasable layer using 8% (wt) of aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 15 μm as the rough particles P and a thermal conductivity of 3.6E-2 W / mmK is the maximum height. This is a case where the fixing film 63 having a relative load length of 3.3 μm, 10% -1.5 μm, and 80% -3.0 μm is used.

(具体例3)
粗し粒子Pとして平均粒径15μm、熱伝導率が1.2E−3W/mmKであるガラスビーズを10%(wt)用いた離形性層表面の粗さが最大高さ4.3μm、相対負荷長さで10%−3.0μm、80%−3.8μmである定着フィルム63を用いた場合である。
(Specific example 3)
Roughness of the surface of the releasable layer using 10% (wt) of glass beads having an average particle diameter of 15 μm and a thermal conductivity of 1.2 E-3 W / mmK as the rough particles P is 4.3 μm in maximum height, relative This is a case where the fixing film 63 having a load length of 10% -3.0 μm and 80% -3.8 μm is used.

(比較例)
粗し粒子Pを用いない以外は具体例2と同じ材質であり、プライマー層に粗し粒子を混ぜていないフィルム離形性層の粗さが最大高さで2.2μm、相対負荷曲線で10%−0.9μm、80%−1.8μmを用いた場合を載せておく。
(Comparative example)
The same material as in Example 2 except that the rough particles P are not used. The roughness of the film releasable layer without rough particles mixed in the primer layer is 2.2 μm at the maximum height, and the relative load curve is 10 The cases where% -0.9 μm and 80% -1.8 μm are used are listed.

ここで定着条件をそろえるために具体例と比較例の両フィルムのフィルム膜厚は同じ値、ベース層=55μm、プライマー層=5μm、及び離型層12μmにした。   Here, in order to align the fixing conditions, the film thicknesses of both the specific example and the comparative example were set to the same value, base layer = 55 μm, primer layer = 5 μm, and release layer 12 μm.

以上の結果から、表面粗さが最大高さ3.0μm以上、相対負荷長さで10%−1.0以上μm、80%−2.5μm以上である特性の定着フィルム63を用いることで濃度一様性にたいして非常に効果があることが判る。   From the above results, it is possible to use the fixing film 63 having the characteristics that the surface roughness is the maximum height of 3.0 μm or more, the relative load length is 10% -1.0 μm or more, and 80% -2.5 μm or more. It can be seen that it is very effective for uniformity.

また、具体例3の結果から表面粗さが上記特性を満たしていても、熱伝導性の低い粗し粒子を用いると、定着性が悪い事が判る。逆に熱伝導率が10W/mK以上の特性を有する粗し粒子を用いる事で定着性が良化することがわかる。具体例3のようなフィルムは定着性のマージンが構成として確保しやすい比較的低速のプロセススピードを有する機種(85mm/Sec以下)で使う事が出来る。   Moreover, even if the surface roughness satisfies the above characteristics, it can be seen from the results of Example 3 that if rough particles with low thermal conductivity are used, the fixability is poor. Conversely, it can be seen that fixing properties are improved by using rough particles having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or more. The film as in specific example 3 can be used in a model (85 mm / Sec or less) having a relatively low process speed in which a fixing margin is easily secured as a configuration.

また、具体例1のように定着性も濃度一様性も良いものは濃度一様性や定着性の確保が厳しい、高速の機種でもちいると良い。   In addition, as in the first specific example, those having good fixability and density uniformity may be used for high-speed models in which it is difficult to ensure density uniformity and fixability.

また、酸化アルミニウムの粗し粒子Pとして不定形ではなく球形のものをもちいてもよいが、球形のものよりも不定形の方が耐久が進み、離形性層が磨耗したときに剥がれにくい効果を有するとともに、一般に材料コストが低コストである。また粗し粒子Pの電気的特性として導体のものをもちると、耐久が進み離形性層の磨耗が進むと粗し粒子を介して、記録紙S上のトナーを保持する電荷がプライマー層にリークし、いわゆる静電オフセットの弊害が発生してしまうため粗し粒子としては絶縁性のものが望ましい、とくに絶縁性があり熱伝導度が高く、高温でも物性が安定している金属酸化物(酸化アルミや酸化チタン)、金属窒化物(チッカアルミ)などが望ましい。   In addition, the roughened particles P of aluminum oxide may be spherical rather than irregular, but the irregular shape is more durable than the spherical one, and the effect is less likely to peel off when the release layer is worn. In general, the material cost is low. Further, if the rough particles P have electrical properties as the electrical characteristics, the durability and the wear of the releasable layer progress, and the charge that holds the toner on the recording paper S is transferred to the primer layer via the rough particles. It is desirable that the coarse particles have insulating properties because they cause the negative effects of so-called electrostatic offset, especially metal oxides that have insulating properties, high thermal conductivity, and stable physical properties even at high temperatures. (Aluminum oxide or titanium oxide), metal nitride (ticker aluminum) or the like is desirable.

本実施例では実施例1と同じ熱ローラ方式定着装置を用いる。定着ローラ(熱ローラ)が異なる以外は基本構成は全く同様であるため、構成の説明は省略する。本実施例の特徴は実施例1のものよりも耐久性にすぐれた定着ローラを提供する事にある。実施例1の定着ローラでは耐久が進むに連れ、粗し粒子Pが露出しやすくなり、粗し粒子Pの剥離や表層の離型性が低下することあったが、本実施例では粗し粒子を使用しないため、これを回避できる。   In this embodiment, the same heat roller type fixing device as that in Embodiment 1 is used. Since the basic configuration is the same except that the fixing roller (heat roller) is different, the description of the configuration is omitted. A feature of the present embodiment is to provide a fixing roller that is more durable than that of the first embodiment. In the fixing roller of Example 1, as the durability progresses, the rough particles P are easily exposed, and the peeling of the rough particles P and the releasability of the surface layer are deteriorated. Since this is not used, this can be avoided.

本実施例の構成の特徴は、定着ローラ表面の起伏を、定着ローラの中空芯がね上を直接あらすことにより形成した所にある。本実施例で用いた定着ローラを図7をもとに説明する。   A feature of the configuration of this embodiment is that the surface of the fixing roller is undulated by directly exposing the hollow core of the fixing roller. The fixing roller used in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

本実施例の定着ローラ210は、表面の荒れた中空のアルミの芯がね210aを用いている。芯がね210aは実施例1の定着ローラ10の芯がね10aに対して研磨材を吹き付ける事で表面をあらしている。本実施例では研磨剤として粒径30μm球形のアルミ粒子を水の中に分散させ、距離200mmの位置から、噴射水圧29.4N(3kgf)/cmでガンによる吹き付けを行い形成した。この表層に対して実施例1と同材質で粗し粒子を有さないプライマー層210bと離型性層210cを実施例1と同じ厚さに形成した。 The fixing roller 210 of the present embodiment uses a hollow aluminum core 210a having a rough surface. The core glass 210a is exposed to the surface by spraying abrasive on the core glass 10a of the fixing roller 10 of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, spherical aluminum particles having a particle size of 30 μm were dispersed in water as an abrasive, and sprayed with a gun at a spray water pressure of 29.4 N (3 kgf) / cm 2 from a distance of 200 mm. A primer layer 210b and a releasable layer 210c which are the same material as in Example 1 and have no rough particles on the surface layer are formed to have the same thickness as in Example 1.

これにより定着ローラ210の表面の粗さは最大高さ3.4μm、相対負荷長さで10%−1.8μm、80%−3.0μmであった。   As a result, the surface roughness of the fixing roller 210 was 3.4 μm at the maximum height, and 10% -1.8 μm and 80% -3.0 μm in relative load length.

本実施例の定着ローラ210を用いて孤立ドットハーフトンの濃度一様性を調べた結果、濃度一様性は実施例1の比較例1と比して良好であった。なおここでの濃度一様性の評価も実施例1、2と同様の方法で行った。   As a result of examining the density uniformity of the isolated dot halfton using the fixing roller 210 of this example, the density uniformity was better than that of the comparative example 1 of the example 1. Here, the evaluation of the uniformity of density was also performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2.

[その他]
1)本発明において、定着部材の形態はローラ体や円筒体に限られず、可撓性のエンドレスベルト体、ロール巻きにした長尺の有端のウエブ状部材等であってもよい。
[Others]
1) In the present invention, the form of the fixing member is not limited to a roller body or a cylindrical body, but may be a flexible endless belt body, a long end web-shaped member wound in a roll, or the like.

2)また、定着部材の加熱形態は内部加熱方式に限られず、外部加熱方式とすることもできるし、定着部材自体を電磁誘導発熱させる加熱方式等であってもよい。   2) Further, the heating method of the fixing member is not limited to the internal heating method, but may be an external heating method, or may be a heating method in which the fixing member itself generates electromagnetic induction heat.

3)加圧部材もローラ体に限られず、回動するエンドレスベルト体等の形態にすることができる。   3) The pressure member is not limited to the roller body, and may be a form such as a rotating endless belt body.

実施例1における画像形成装置の概略図Schematic diagram of an image forming apparatus in Embodiment 1. 実施例1の熱ローラ方式定着装置の概略図Schematic diagram of heat roller type fixing device of embodiment 1 定着ローラの層構成を示す拡大断面模型図Expanded cross-sectional model diagram showing the layer structure of the fixing roller 実施例の濃度ムラ効果確認に用いた孤立ドットのハーフトーンパターンの図Illustration of halftone pattern of isolated dots used to confirm density unevenness effect in Example 実施例2のフィルム加熱方式定着装置の概略図Schematic of film heating type fixing device of Example 2 定着フィルムの層構成を示す拡大断面模型図Expanded cross-sectional model diagram showing the layer structure of the fixing film 実施例3における定着ローラの層構成を示す拡大断面模型図FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional model diagram illustrating a layer structure of a fixing roller in Embodiment 3. 従来例の熱ローラ方式定着装置の概略図Schematic diagram of a conventional heat roller type fixing device

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1・・・感光ドラム、2・・・帯電器、3・・・露光手段、4・・・現像装置、5・・・レジストローラ、6・・・転写ローラ、7・・・ブレード、8・・・搬送系、9・・・入口ガイド板、10・・・定着ローラ、10a・・・アルミニウム円筒(定着ローラ芯がね)、10b・・・離型性層、11・・・加圧ローラ、11a・・・芯がね、11b・・・弾性層、11c・・・PFAチューブ、12・・・バイアス電源、13・・・抵抗、16・・・搬送ローラ、20・・・定着装置、61・・・加熱体、62・・・ステイホルダー、63・・・薄肉フィルム(定着フィルム)、P・・・粗し粒子   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Photosensitive drum, 2 ... Charger, 3 ... Exposure means, 4 ... Developing apparatus, 5 ... Registration roller, 6 ... Transfer roller, 7 ... Blade, 8 ..Conveyance system, 9 ... Inlet guide plate, 10 ... Fixing roller, 10a ... Aluminum cylinder (core of fixing roller), 10b ... Releasable layer, 11 ... Pressure roller , 11a: core, 11b ... elastic layer, 11c ... PFA tube, 12 ... bias power supply, 13 ... resistance, 16 ... transport roller, 20 ... fixing device, 61 ... heating element, 62 ... stay holder, 63 ... thin film (fixing film), P ... rough particles

Claims (9)

表面に離型性層を有する定着部材及び該定着部材に圧接して定着ニップを形成するための加圧部材を有し、未定着トナー像が形成された記録材を該定着ニップ間に通過させることにより、上記未定着トナー像を記録材上に定着画像として定着させる定着装置に用いられる定着部材において、離型性層の表面は、断面曲線で最大高さ(JISB0601−1982)が3.0μm以上で、相対負荷曲線での相対負荷長さが10%の所でのカッティング深さが1μm以上、且つ80%の所でのカッティング深さが2.5μm以上ある表面起伏を有していることを特徴とする定着部材。   A fixing member having a release layer on the surface and a pressure member for forming a fixing nip by pressing against the fixing member, and a recording material on which an unfixed toner image is formed pass between the fixing nips. Thus, in the fixing member used in the fixing device for fixing the unfixed toner image as a fixed image on the recording material, the surface of the release layer has a cross-sectional curve with a maximum height (JISB0601-1982) of 3.0 μm. The surface undulations have a cutting depth of 1 μm or more at a relative load length of 10% in the relative load curve and a cutting depth of 2.5 μm or more at 80%. A fixing member characterized by the above. 離型性層の表面起伏は離型性層より下層の表面形状をあらすことで形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 1, wherein the surface relief of the release layer is formed by expressing a surface shape of a layer below the release layer. 離型性層より下層の表面形状のあらしは、研磨剤をブラストすることで形成されたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 2, wherein the surface shape appearance below the releasable layer is formed by blasting an abrasive. 離型性層の表面起伏は該離型性層より下層の層中に粗し粒子を分散させたことで形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 1, wherein the surface relief of the release layer is formed by roughening and dispersing particles in a layer below the release layer. 粗し粒子は、熱伝導率が10W/mk以上、平均粒径が3.5μm以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 4, wherein the roughened particles have a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mk or more and an average particle size of 3.5 μm or more. 粗し粒子は、金属酸化物の不定形粒子よりなることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の定着部材。   6. The fixing member according to claim 4, wherein the roughened particles are made of irregularly shaped metal oxide particles. 上記定着部材はロール形状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is formed in a roll shape. 上記定着部材はベルト又はフィルム形状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材。   The fixing member according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is formed in a belt or film shape. 定着部材及び該定着部材に圧接して定着ニップを形成するための加圧部材とを有し、未定着トナー像が形成された記録材を該定着ニップ間に通過させることにより、上記未定着トナー像を記録材上に定着画像として定着させる定着装置において、上記定着部材が請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の定着部材であることを特徴とする定着装置。   A non-fixed toner by passing a recording material on which an unfixed toner image is formed between the fixing nip and a pressure member for forming a fixing nip by pressing against the fixing member. 9. A fixing device for fixing an image as a fixed image on a recording material, wherein the fixing member is the fixing member according to claim 1.
JP2004067090A 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 Fixing member and fixing device Pending JP2005257862A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012053354A (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-15 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Elastic roller, manufacturing method therefor, fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP2018146835A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 キヤノン株式会社 Rotor for electrophotography, fixation device, electrophotographic image formation device and manufacturing method of rotor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012053354A (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-15 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Elastic roller, manufacturing method therefor, fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP2018146835A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 キヤノン株式会社 Rotor for electrophotography, fixation device, electrophotographic image formation device and manufacturing method of rotor

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