JP2005256520A - Vegetation and greening method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize nature recovering greening easily and economically to recover diverse ecological systems, to restore scenery to harmonize with the surroundings and to conserve existing vegetation by using local seeds and seedlings which fit in with the local weather, climate, landscape and geological feature. <P>SOLUTION: Aboveground parts of seedlings growing naturally from the seeds in woods and forests in or near the area of development are cut off. The seedlings are dug out with a duplex shovel, transplanted into corrosive pots or bag-like bodies made of a corrosive mat or the like, and fixed to a slope with pins or by inserting them into meshes of a wire net, etc. Then, a vegetation base material is squirted until the pots or the bag-like bodies are covered. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、法面や斜面および裸地等を植生緑化する手法に関するものであり、殊に自然回復や自然再生のための緑化技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for vegetation greening on slopes, slopes, bare land, and the like, and more particularly, it relates to a greening technique for natural recovery and natural regeneration.

法面や斜面あるいは裸地を緑化する手法として従来外来草本や在来草本、木本等の種子に無機質の土砂に肥料や土壌改良剤等の植生基材に水を加えて混合してスラリー状にして吹付ける客土吹付工法やバーク堆肥にピートモスを加えた有機質系の植生基材や砂質土等の無機質の植生基材に上記種子や肥料を加えてモルタル吹付機によって吹付ける植生基材吹付工（厚層基材吹付工）等が施工されている。   As a method of greening slopes, slopes, or bare land, conventional exotic herbs, native herbs, woody seeds, etc. are mixed with inorganic soil and vegetation base materials such as fertilizers and soil conditioners and mixed into a slurry And spraying with a mortar sprayer after adding the above seeds and fertilizer to an organic vegetation base material with peat moss added to bark compost or an inorganic vegetation base material such as sandy soil Spraying work (thick layer base material spraying work) etc. is being constructed.

又、異なる手法として苗木生産者によって生産された１ｍ〜２ｍ程度の苗木を斜面や裸地に植栽して緑化する植栽緑化の手法も広く行われている。   In addition, as a different technique, a planting / greening technique is also widely performed in which seedlings of about 1 m to 2 m produced by a seedling producer are planted on a slope or bare ground for greening.

又、さらに異なる手法として、斜面や裸地を緑化する施工地付近の森林の表層土で埋土種子を含む土砂等を前述の植生基材と共に吹付ける埋土種子による緑化手法等も実施されている。
特開２００１−１２００１１号 「のり面における自然回復緑化の基本的な考え方の提案」日本緑化工学会 「移入種対策に関する措置の在り方について」中央環境審議会 In addition, as a different method, a greening method using buried seeds that spray soil and sand containing buried seeds with the above-mentioned vegetation base material in the surface soil of the forest near the construction site that greens slopes and bare land has also been implemented. Yes.
JP 2001-120011 "Proposal of basic concept of natural restoration greening on the slope" Japan Society of Revegetation Engineering "About the way of measures about introduced species measures" Central Environmental Council

客土吹付工や植生基材吹付工等で用いられる種苗は、その大部分が諸外国からの輸入品であり、草本類はアメリカやオーストラリア、木本類は中国やオーストラリア等で栽培採取されたものが主に使用されており、殊に草本類の大部分は外国産の牧草種である。又、在来種といわれる草本やヤマハギ、コマツナギ等の木本も品種は在来種と同一であっても遺伝子の異なる中国産等の在来移入種が多く用いられている。   Most of the seeds and seedlings used in the soil spraying and vegetation spraying are imported from other countries. Herbs are cultivated and harvested in the United States and Australia, and woody is cultivated in China and Australia. In particular, the majority of herbs are foreign grass species. In addition, native varieties such as Chinese ones with different genes are often used for herbaceous plants, yamahagi, and komatsunagi, which are said to be native species.

しかし近年自然再生推進法の施行にともない、自然景観の修復や自然生態系の回復を図る自然再生型緑化や自然回復緑化の機運が高まり、国内産の在来種の草本や木本種のみならず、一定地域の気候や地形等の影響により他地域とは異なる遺伝子を共有し、形態や生理的特性にも類似性や同一性を持つ地域性種苗等への要求が高くなっている。しかし現状では、これ等の地域性種苗は経済性や採取の困難さから市場では流通するに至っていない。
又、国内産の種苗についてもその採取地は必ずしも明確になっていない為、地域性種苗による自然回復緑化は実現が非常に難しい状況にある。 However, in recent years, with the enforcement of the Act on the Promotion of Nature Restoration, there has been an increase in the opportunities for natural regeneration and greening to restore natural landscapes and restore natural ecosystems. However, there is a growing demand for local seedlings that share genes different from other regions due to the climate and topography of certain regions, and that have similarities and identities in their morphology and physiological characteristics. However, at present, these local seedlings have not been distributed in the market due to economics and difficulty in collecting them.
In addition, the harvesting location of domestically produced seedlings is not always clear, so it is very difficult to realize natural rehabilitation with local seedlings.

さらに植栽に利用される苗木もその種苗の入手先やさし穂の入手先は必ずしも明確ではなく、地域性種苗として取り扱われるものではない。かかる状況から施工地付近の森林から表土を採取して、その表土に含まれる埋土種子を利用して緑化する手法も提案されており、特開２００１−１２００１１号開示の表層土の回収装置等が提案されている。しかし、表層土に含有されている埋土種子は草本種子が圧倒的に多く含まれており、その品種や品種毎の混入割合等も一定せず、目標とする植物群落の造成にとっては取扱いの難しい材料であり、必ずしも付近の景観や植生と適合する緑化を実現できるものではない。   Furthermore, the seedlings used for planting are not necessarily clearly identified as the source of the seedlings and the source of the cuttings, and are not handled as regional seedlings. Under such circumstances, a method has been proposed in which topsoil is collected from the forest in the vicinity of the construction site and greened using the buried seeds contained in the topsoil. Has been proposed. However, the buried seeds contained in the surface soil contain an overwhelmingly large amount of herbaceous seeds, and the varieties and mixing ratios of the varieties are not constant, and are not handled for the creation of the target plant community. It is a difficult material, and it does not necessarily realize greening that is compatible with the surrounding landscape and vegetation.

すなわち自然再生あるいは自然回復緑化のためには、その地域の気候、風土や地形、地質に適合した地域性種苗を用いる事が求められるが、現在はかかる種苗は市場で流通しておらず、入手は困難であり、埋土種子を含む表土を利用する手法も地域性種苗であってもそれに含まれる草種や樹種が一定せず、目標とする植物群落の造成は難しいのが現状である。   In other words, it is required to use local seedlings that are suitable for the local climate, climate, topography, and geology in order to regenerate or restore nature. However, such seedlings are not currently available on the market and are available. It is difficult to create a target plant community because the method of using topsoil including buried seeds is not uniform even if it is a local seedling, and the grass species and tree species contained in it are not constant.

本発明の目的は、市場性がなく入手し難い地域性種苗の入手手法とその利用方法を提案し、その簡単な導入方法を提供する事によって、より簡便且つ経済的に自然再生緑化によって、生態系の回復と既存植生の保全、景観的調和のとれた植生の実現を図ろうとするものである。   The object of the present invention is to propose a method for obtaining local seedlings that are not marketable and difficult to obtain, and to provide a method for its use. The aim is to restore the system, preserve existing vegetation, and realize vegetation in harmony with the landscape.

本発明は以上の問題解決の手段として、道路の新設や造成地等の開発行為の実施される施工予定地において、施工開始に先立ってその予定地域の森林や山林等に自生する実生苗木と、同森林内の成木の親木からの採取種子を利用して地域環境に調和し、景観的にも調和して多様性のある生態系の復元を早期に実現し、自然再生、自然回復型緑化を実現しようとするものであり、その手法として実生苗木の地上部を切り落とし、複式ショベルによってその実生苗木の根鉢部を掘り上げ、腐食性あるいは生分解性ポットに収納するか、腐食性、透水性と保水性を有するシート又はマットの袋状体あるいは筒状体に収納するか、該シート又はマットで根鉢部を梱包し養生する。これ等の実生苗木は施工時期まで施工地近傍の山林や養生畑等で養生、保育することもできる。これ等採取あるいは保育された実生苗木は斜面や小段部等に適宜配置され、ポット部あるいは袋状体、筒状体、根鉢部を収納した梱包体を釘やピンによって固定し、この根鉢部が隠れるまで植生基材を吹付ける。   As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention, in a planned construction site where development activities such as new road construction or construction site are implemented, seedlings that grow naturally in the forest or mountain forest of the planned area prior to the start of construction, Harvest seeds from the parent tree in the forest to harmonize with the local environment and realize the early restoration of diverse ecosystems in harmony with the landscape. It is intended to realize greening. As a method, the above-ground part of the seedling is cut off and the root part of the seedling is dug up with a double excavator and stored in a corrosive or biodegradable pot, or corrosive, water-permeable. Are stored in a bag-like or cylindrical body of a sheet or mat having the property and water retention, or the root pot is packed and cured with the sheet or mat. These seedlings can be cured and raised in the forest near the construction site or in a curing field until the construction period. These seedlings that have been collected or raised are appropriately placed on slopes, steps, etc., and pots, bags, cylinders, and packages containing root pots are fixed with nails or pins. Spray vegetation substrate until part is hidden.

さらに異なる植栽の手法として、施工地近傍の森林で所望の親木となる樹木から種子を採取し、この種子を腐食性あるいは生分解性のポットあるいは腐食性と保水性と透水性を有するシート又はマットを袋状体あるいは筒状体に加工し、これに森林土壌や生育基盤材を充填した中に播種し、これを一定期間養生畑やビニールハウスで養生、育成し苗木の生育を待ってこの実生苗木ポットあるいは実生苗木袋状体、実生苗木筒状体をピン等を用いて法面等に取り付けて固定し、さらに固定されたポット、袋状体、筒状体の根鉢部を覆うまで植生基材を吹付ける事によって、その地域に自生する地域性種苗による植生緑化を実現する事ができると共に、発芽率や純度の一定しない地域性種苗による植生工が実現できる。   In addition, as a different planting method, seeds are collected from a tree that is the desired parent tree in the forest near the construction site, and the seeds are corrosive or biodegradable pots or sheets that have corrosive, water retention and water permeability. Alternatively, the mat is processed into a bag-like body or cylindrical body, seeded in a forest soil or growth base material that has been filled, and then cured and nurtured in a curing field or plastic house for a certain period of time, waiting for the growth of seedlings This seedling seedling pot or seedling seedling bag-like body or seedling seedling-cylindrical body is attached and fixed to a slope or the like using a pin or the like, and the fixed pot, bag-like body, or the root pot part of the cylindrical body is covered. By spraying the vegetation base to the vegetation, it is possible to realize vegetation greening with local seedlings that grow naturally in the area, and to realize vegetation work with local seedlings whose germination rate and purity are not constant.

さらに金網やネット類を緑化基礎工として使用する箇所においては、前記ポットや袋状体、筒状体、梱包された根鉢部等を該金網やネットの網目と同程度か、若干大き目にして該ポットや袋状体、筒状体、梱包根鉢部を、その金網やネットの網目の中に挿入して固定する。このようにして、苗木を固定した後、根鉢部を覆うまで植生基材を吹付ける。これによって根系を傷める事なく、実生苗木は安定して活着することができる。   Furthermore, in places where wire nets and nets are used as greening foundation works, make the pots, bags, cylinders, packed root pots, etc., the same size as the nets or nets, or slightly larger. The pot, bag-like body, cylindrical body, and packing root bowl portion are inserted into the wire net or net of the net and fixed. Thus, after fixing a seedling, a vegetation base material is sprayed until the root pot part is covered. As a result, seedlings can be stably established without damaging the root system.

さらに異なる手法として、植生工の施工される地域やその近傍の森林で所望の親木となる樹木より種子を採取し、該種子を植生基盤材を既に吹付けた基盤材の所望の箇所に孔を掘って埋設するかあるいは該種子を保水性と透水性を有し、腐食性のシート又はマットを二つ折りにした中に該種子を挟持し、三辺をホッチキス等で閉じて種子の落下を防止して、水中に浸漬して発芽あるいは発根を待って植生基盤材の適宜箇所に埋設する。   As a different method, seeds are collected from a tree that is a desired parent tree in the area where the vegetation is constructed or in the nearby forest, and the seeds are perforated in a desired part of the base material that has already been sprayed with the vegetation base material. The seeds have water retention and water permeability, and the seeds are sandwiched in corroded sheets or mats, and the seeds are dropped by closing the three sides with staples or the like. Prevent it, immerse it in water, wait for germination or rooting, and embed it in an appropriate part of the vegetation base material.

さらに異なる手法として、植生工の施工される地域や、その近傍の森林、山林等に堆積する樹木や草木の種子、落葉落枝、根系および表土等を空気式吸引装置によって吸引、採取し、これ等の種子と共に含む森林堆積物を植生基盤材と混合撹拌し、この基盤材料を既に所定の厚さで吹付けられた植生基盤の上に１ｃｍから３ｃｍ程度の厚さに吹付けて緑化する事ができる。これによって、植生基盤全体に種子を混入するよりも１／５程度の種子量で緑化が可能となり、採取が難しい地域性種苗が節約できると共に、地域森林の堆積物を混合吹付ける事によって、生育基盤もその地域に適合する基盤を造成する事ができる。又、この植生基盤には適宜前述の苗木ポットや苗木袋状体、筒状体等を埋設する事もできる。   Furthermore, as a different method, sucking and collecting the seeds, deciduous branches, root system, topsoil, etc. accumulated in the area where the vegetation is constructed, forests and forests in the vicinity, etc. with an air suction device, etc. It is possible to mix and agitate the forest sediments with seeds of vegetation with the vegetation base material, and spray the base material on the vegetation base that has already been sprayed to a predetermined thickness to a thickness of about 1 to 3 cm. it can. This makes it possible to plant trees with a seed amount of about 1/5 of the seeds mixed in the entire vegetation base, save local seedlings that are difficult to collect, and grow by mixing and spraying sediments from local forests. The base can also create a base suitable for the region. In addition, the above-mentioned seedling pot, seedling bag-like body, cylindrical body and the like can be embedded in the vegetation base as appropriate.

以上の様に本発明によれば、市場性が無く、現在流通していない地域性種苗を施工者自ら採取、管理して播種あるいは植栽する事によって、その地域の気候、風土あるいは地形、地質に適合すると共に、その地域の自然生態系の早期回復と地域に調和する自然景観の修復を図り、さらに外部から種苗を持ち込んだ事による遺伝子撹乱等の問題を生じない自然再生（回復）緑化を簡便且つ低コストで実現する事ができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, by collecting, managing, and sowing or planting local seedlings that are not marketable and are not currently distributed, the local climate, climate or topography, geology In addition to the early restoration of the local natural ecosystem and the restoration of the natural landscape that harmonizes with the region, natural regeneration (recovery) greening that does not cause problems such as genetic disturbance due to bringing seedlings from outside It can be realized simply and at low cost.

以下本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
我が国では、道路建設や宅地造成、ダム建設等の開発行為の実施される地域の大部分は森林や山林である。これらの森林や山林の中には、造林されたスギ、ヒノキ等の人工林もあるが、自然林や二次林、里山等も少なくない。そこで本発明ではこれら開発行為の実施される地域の森林や山林、殊に自然林や二次林、里山に自生する実生苗木であって、根元直径１ｃｍから３ｃｍ程度のものの地上部を根元より２０ｃｍ程度の位置で切断し、さらに該実生苗木を複式ショベルを用いて掘り上げ、これを腐食性あるいは生分解性のポットに収納するか、腐食性と保水性、透水性を有するシート又はマットの袋状体あるいは筒状体に収納するか、該シート又はマットで根鉢部を巻き付け梱包し、このポットや袋状体、筒状体あるいは梱包体を斜面や小段部等にピンや釘で固定して、このポットや袋状体、筒状体あるいは根鉢部の梱包体が隠れる厚さまで植生基盤材を吹付ける。これらの採取された苗木は施工時期まで施工地付近の山林や畑地、草地等に仮植しておく事もできる。又、施工地付近に仮植地がない場合は、ビニールハウス等で養生する事もできる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
In Japan, most of the areas where development activities such as road construction, residential land development, and dam construction are implemented are forests and mountain forests. Among these forests and mountain forests, there are artificial forests such as cedar and cypress, but there are many natural forests, secondary forests, and satoyama. Therefore, in the present invention, the seedlings that grow naturally in forests and mountain forests in the areas where these development activities are carried out, especially natural forests, secondary forests, and satoyama, with a root diameter of about 1 cm to 3 cm, are 20 cm from the root. Cut at a certain position and further dig up the seedlings using a double excavator and store them in a corrosive or biodegradable pot, or a sheet or mat bag having corrosiveness, water retention and water permeability The container is stored in a cylindrical body or a cylindrical body, or the root pot portion is wrapped and packed with the sheet or mat, and the pot, bag-shaped body, cylindrical body or packaging body is fixed to a slope or a small step portion with a pin or a nail. Then, the vegetation base material is sprayed to such a thickness that the pot, the bag-like body, the tubular body, or the root-bottom package is hidden. These collected seedlings can be temporarily planted in the forest, field, grassland, etc. near the construction site until the construction period. Moreover, when there is no temporary plantation near the construction site, it can be cured in a plastic house or the like.

さらに異なる手法としては、前記開発行為の実施される地域やその近傍の森林や山林で所望の親木となる樹木を捜して、該樹木の種子を採取し、この採取した種子を前記ポットや袋状体、筒状体等に森林土壌や植生基材と共に収納し、これを苗畑やビニールハウス等に収容して養生し、苗木を育成し、育成した苗木ポットや袋状体あるいは筒状体をピン等で斜面や小段部等に固定し、さらにその上からポットや袋状体、筒状体等が隠れるまで植生基盤材を吹付ける。これによって樹種を選定し所望の樹種を植栽する事ができ、より優れた自然景観を修復、再生する事ができる。   Further, as a different method, a tree that is a desired parent tree is searched in the area where the development act is performed or in the nearby forest or mountain forest, and the seed of the tree is collected, and the collected seed is used in the pot or bag. It is stored together with forest soil and vegetation base material in a cylindrical body, cylindrical body, etc., stored in a nursery, a greenhouse, etc., nurturing seedlings, and a grown seedling pot, bag-shaped body or cylindrical body Is fixed to a slope or a small step portion with a pin or the like, and vegetation base material is sprayed until the pot, bag-like body, tubular body, etc. are hidden from the top. This makes it possible to select tree species and plant desired tree species, and to restore and regenerate a better natural landscape.

さらに緑化基礎工として、金網やネット類を張設して植物生育基盤を造成する箇所においては、前述の苗木ポットや苗木を収納する袋状体、筒状体等の大きさを該金網やネットの網目と同程度か、若干大きめにしてこの網目の中に差し込んで固定することができる。この時使用されるポットや袋状体筒状体等は通常三角錐や四角錐あるいは円錐形等の形状のものが用いられるため、網目への挿入は容易であり、根鉢部の口部で抑えられ固定される。これによれば、ピン等を打って根株や根系を痛める事が無い。   Furthermore, as a planting foundation, at the location where a wire net or net is stretched to create a plant growth base, the size of the above-described seedling pot, bag-like body for storing the seedling, tubular body, etc. is set to the size of the wire net or net. It can be fixed by being inserted into the mesh of the same size or slightly larger than the mesh. The pot or bag-like cylindrical body used at this time is usually in the shape of a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, or a conical shape, so that it can be easily inserted into the mesh, and the mouth of the root pot part. Suppressed and fixed. According to this, a pin etc. are not hit and a root stock and a root system are not damaged.

さらに異なる手法として、前記開発行為の行われる地域やその近傍の森林や山林で所望の親木となる樹木の種子を採取し、この種子を既に生育基盤が吹付けられ植物生育基盤が造成された斜面の所望の箇所を穿孔し、この孔に種子を収容して基盤材を埋め戻す事もできる。この手法は前記のように播種して苗木を育成する期間が無い場合に有効である。   As a different method, the seeds of the tree that is the desired parent tree were collected in the area where the development activities were performed and in the nearby forests and mountain forests, and the seeds were already sprayed with the growth base, and the plant growth base was established. A desired portion of the slope can be drilled, and seeds can be accommodated in the hole to refill the base material. This method is effective when there is no period for seedling sowing as described above.

さらに前記採取した種子を腐食性、保水性、透水性を有するシート又はマットを二つ折りにして挟持し、さらに該種子が落下せぬよう三辺を閉じて、水あるいは温水に浸漬し、発芽あるいは発根を待って前記既に造成された植生基盤を穿孔してシート又はマットと共に該孔に埋設し基盤材を充填する。この手法によれば、発芽率や発芽特性が不明確な地域性種苗を使用しても確実に目標植物群落を造成して付近の景観に調和する自然再生緑化が実現できる   Furthermore, the collected seeds are sandwiched by folding a sheet or mat having corrosiveness, water retention and water permeability, and further closed on three sides so that the seeds do not fall, soaked in water or warm water, and germinated or Waiting for rooting, the already formed vegetation base is perforated and embedded in the hole together with a sheet or mat to fill the base material. According to this method, even if using local seedlings whose germination rate and germination characteristics are unclear, it is possible to realize natural revegetation greenery that is consistent with the surrounding landscape by reliably creating the target plant community.

さらに異なる手法として、開発行為等の施工される地域の森林や山林にある落葉、落枝、種子および表層５ｃｍ程度の表土を採取して、生育基盤材と共に吹付けて植物生育基盤を造成する。これら森林の落葉、落枝等には草本や木本等種々の種子類が混在しており、造成される植物群落は必ずしも一定しないが、これによって、より簡便且つ経済的に地域性種苗による自然再生型緑化が達成できる。又、この様な落葉、落枝、種子、表土等を吹付ける際、事前に所定の厚さの生育基盤を吹付けて造成し、その上に１から３ｃｍ厚さに前記落葉、落枝、種子、表土等を植生基盤材と混合して吹付ける事によって、経済性は向上し、コストを低減する事ができる。さらに前述の実生苗木ポットを併用して埋設する事によって、その地域の自然景観に調和する植物群落の造成が可能となる。   Furthermore, as a different method, a litter, litter, seeds and a surface soil of about 5 cm in the surface layer are collected in a forest or mountain forest in a region where development activities are performed, and sprayed together with a growth base material to create a plant growth base. The fallen leaves and branches of these forests are mixed with various seeds such as herbs and trees, and the plant communities created are not necessarily constant, but this makes it easier and more economical for natural regeneration by local seedlings. Greening can be achieved. Moreover, when spraying such litter, litter, seed, topsoil, etc., a growth base of a predetermined thickness is sprayed in advance, and the litter, litter, seed, By spraying topsoil etc. with vegetation base material and spraying, economy can be improved and cost can be reduced. Furthermore, by embedding the above-mentioned seedling seedling pot together, it becomes possible to create a plant community in harmony with the natural landscape of the area.

本発明の地域性種苗による自然再生緑化の実施の形態について、図面を参照してさらに具体的に説明する。
図１は、開発行為等の実施される地域やその近傍の森林や山林に自生する実生苗木であり、この地上部１を１０ｃｍから２０ｃｍ程度の高さで切断する。さらに残された根鉢部２を図２に示す複式ショベル１１を用いて掘り上げる。掘り上げた実生苗木はその根鉢部を、図３に示す腐食性あるいは生分解性ポット１２に収納するか、あるいは図４に示す腐食性、保水性、透水性を有するシートもしくはマットを袋状３あるいは筒状に加工した中に挿入し、収納する。又、苗木によっては該シートあるいはマットを用いて根鉢部を巻きつけて梱包し、梱包体とすることもできる。 The embodiment of the natural regeneration greening by the regional seedling of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a seedling seedling that grows naturally in a region where a development act or the like is carried out or in a nearby forest or mountain forest, and cuts the ground portion 1 at a height of about 10 cm to 20 cm. Furthermore, the remaining root pot part 2 is dug up using the compound shovel 11 shown in FIG. The seedlings that have been dug up have their root pots stored in a corrosive or biodegradable pot 12 shown in FIG. 3, or a sheet or mat having corrosive, water-holding and water-permeable properties shown in FIG. Insert into 3 or cylinder and store. In addition, depending on the seedling, the root or potted portion may be wrapped and packed using the sheet or mat to form a package.

又、開発行為の施工される地域やその近傍の森林や山林で所望の実生苗木が見つからなかった場合や、植生工の施工まである程度の期間がある場合は、施工地域やその近傍の森林や山林で親木となる樹木を捜して、その樹木の種子を採取し、これらの種子を前記ポットや袋状体等に植生基材と共に収納して養生、苗木を育成してから、その苗木ポットや苗木袋状体等を用いる事もできる。この時、ポット等に播種される種子量は３〜５粒程度とし、発芽後に間引きを行うとよい。これは地域性種苗の発芽率が安定せず不明確なためである。   If the desired seedling seedlings are not found in the area where the development activities are performed or in the nearby forest or mountain forest, or if there is a certain period of time until the vegetation work is completed, the forest or mountain forest in the construction area or its vicinity After searching for the parent tree, the seeds of the tree are collected, and these seeds are stored together with the vegetation base in the pot or bag-like body, and the seedling pot or A seedling bag or the like can also be used. At this time, the amount of seeds to be sown in a pot or the like should be about 3 to 5, and thinning should be performed after germination. This is because the germination rate of local seedlings is not stable and unclear.

さらに、こうしてポット１２や袋状体１３等に収納された実生苗は、そのまま施工地へ搬送され、斜面等にピン等を用いて固定する事ができるが、施工時期等によっては施工地付近の山林や原野、畑等に仮植するか、ビニールハウス等に仮植して施工時期まで養生、保育して植栽する事もできる。
又、緑化基礎工として金網やネット類が併用される箇所においては、図５に示す様に前記苗木ポットや袋状体等を金網１３やネット等の網目１４の中に該ポット１２や該袋状体１３を挿入し、固定する事もできる。さらにこうして固定した苗木ポット１２や苗木袋状体１３等の上から植生基盤材１６をポットや根鉢部が隠れる厚さまで吹付ける。 Further, the seedlings thus stored in the pot 12 or the bag-like body 13 can be transported to the construction site as they are, and can be fixed to the slope using pins or the like. They can be temporarily planted in mountain forests, wilderness fields, fields, etc., or temporarily planted in plastic greenhouses, etc., and cured and nursed until construction time.
Further, in a place where a wire net or nets is used together as a greening foundation work, as shown in FIG. 5, the pot 12 or the bag is placed in a net 14 such as a wire net 13 or a net. The body 13 can be inserted and fixed. Further, the vegetation base material 16 is sprayed from the seedling pot 12 and the seedling bag-like body 13 thus fixed to a thickness that hides the pot and root pot.

又、前記所望の樹木より採取した種子を所定の厚さに吹付けられた植生基盤の所望の箇所に穿孔し、この孔に播種して植生基材で埋め戻すこともできる。又、図６に示す様に、前記腐食性と保水性、透水性を有する有するシートあるいはマット１７を幅５ｃｍ、長さ２０ｃｍ程度に切断して二つ折りにし、この中に該種子３を封入し、落下させぬ様三辺を閉じる。さらにこの種子の入ったマットあるいはシート１７を温水あるいは冷水に浸漬し、発根あるいは発芽を待って、図７に示す様に既に吹付けて造成された植生基盤１６を穿孔し、この孔の中に収容し植生基材で埋め戻す事もできる。   In addition, seeds collected from the desired tree can be perforated at a desired location on the vegetation base sprayed to a predetermined thickness, seeded in this hole, and backfilled with a vegetation base material. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the sheet or mat 17 having corrosiveness, water retention and water permeability is cut into a width of about 5 cm and a length of about 20 cm and folded in half, and the seed 3 is enclosed therein. Close the three sides so that they do not fall. Further, the mat or sheet 17 containing the seeds is immersed in warm or cold water, and after waiting for rooting or germination, a vegetation base 16 already blown and formed as shown in FIG. And can be backfilled with vegetation substrate.

さらに図７に示すような空気搬送装置によって林地内の落葉、落枝、種子、表層土等９を採取し、この採取した落葉、落枝や種子、表土等９を既に所定の厚さまで造成してある植生基盤面に植生基材と混合して吹付厚さ１〜３ｃｍ程度に吹付ける事もできる。   Furthermore, litters, litters, seeds, surface soil, etc. 9 in the forest are sampled by an air conveyance device as shown in FIG. 7, and the collected litters, litters, seeds, topsoil, etc. 9 have already been formed to a predetermined thickness. The vegetation base can be mixed with a vegetation base and sprayed to a spray thickness of about 1 to 3 cm.

実生苗木である。It is a seedling seedling. 実生苗木を複式ショベルで掘り取る模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which digs a seedling seedling with a compound shovel. 腐食性ポットの例である。It is an example of a corrosive pot. 腐食性、保水性、透水性を有するシート又はマットの袋状体の例である。It is an example of a sheet or mat bag having corrosiveness, water retention and water permeability. 金網の網目にポット苗を挿入する形態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the form which inserts a pot seedling into the mesh | network of a wire mesh. 斜面にポットを固定し、植生基盤材を吹付けた状況を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the condition which fixed the pot to the slope and sprayed the vegetation base material. 腐食性、保水性、透水性シート又はマットに種子を装着する形態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the form which mounts | wears a corrosive, water retention, water-permeable sheet | seat or mat | matte. 種子を装着したシート又はマットを基盤材中に埋設する状況を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the condition which embeds the sheet | seat or mat | matte with which the seed was mounted | worn in a base material. 空気搬送装置による落葉、落枝、種子、表土の収集を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows collection of leaf litter, litter, seeds, and topsoil by an air conveyance apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 実生苗 地上部
２ 実生苗 根鉢部
３ 種子
４ コンプレッサー
５ エアホース
６ 搬送ホース
７ 空気搬送装置
８ 吸引ホース
９ 落葉、落枝、種子、表土等
１１ 複式ショベル
１２ 腐食性ポット
１３ 腐食性マット袋状体
１４ 金網
１５ 金網の網目
１６ 植生基盤材
１７ 腐食性マット DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling seedling Above-ground part 2 Seedling seedling Root pot part 3 Seed 4 Compressor 5 Air hose 6 Conveyance hose 7 Air conveying device 8 Suction hose 9 Fallen leaves, twigs, seeds, topsoil, etc. 11 Duplex excavator 12 Corrosive pot 13 Corrosive mat bag 14 Wire mesh 15 Wire mesh mesh 16 Vegetation base material 17 Corrosive mat

Claims (5)

植生工の施工される地域やその近傍の森林において自生する実生苗木の地上部を中途で切断し、これを複式ショベルを用いて掘り取り、掘り取った実生苗木を腐食性あるいは生分解性ポットに収納するか、腐食性と保水性、透水性を有するシート又はマットの袋状体、あるいは筒状体に収納するか、あるいは該シート、マットで根鉢部を梱包して養生し、このポットあるいは袋状体、筒状体あるいは梱包された根鉢部をピン等を用いて斜面等に固定し、しかる後このポット、袋状体筒状体、梱包された根鉢部の上からこれらが隠れるまで植生基盤材を吹付けることを特徴とする植生緑化方法。   Cut the above-ground part of the seedlings that grow naturally in the area where the vegetation is constructed or in the nearby forest, dig it up with a double excavator, and turn the excavated seedlings into a corrosive or biodegradable pot. Stored in a bag-like body of a sheet or mat having corrosiveness, water retention and water permeability, or a cylindrical body, or packaged and cured by rooting the root pot with the sheet or mat. The bag-like body, the cylindrical body or the packed root pot part is fixed to the slope or the like by using a pin or the like, and then these are hidden from the pot, the bag-like body cylindrical body, the packed root pot part. Vegetation planting method characterized by spraying vegetation base material until 植生工の施工される地域やその近傍の森林で所望の親木となる樹木の種子を採取し、この採取した種子を腐食性あるいは生分解性ポット、もしくは腐食性と保水性、透水性を有するシート又はマットを袋状あるいは筒状体に加工した中に植生基材と共に収納して苗木を育成し、生育した苗木ポットあるいは袋状体もしくは筒状体をピン等を用いて斜面等に固定し、しかる後該苗木の根鉢部が隠れるまで植生基盤材を吹付けることを特徴とする植生緑化方法。   Collect the seeds of the tree that will be the desired parent tree in the area where the vegetation is constructed or in the nearby forest, and the collected seeds are corrosive or biodegradable pots, or have corrosive and water retention and water permeability. A sheet or mat is processed into a bag-like or cylindrical body and stored together with the vegetation base material to grow seedlings, and the grown seedling pot or bag-like body or cylindrical body is fixed to a slope or the like using a pin or the like. Then, a vegetation greening method characterized by spraying a vegetation base material until the root pot of the seedling is hidden. 請求項１および２記載の植生緑化工法において、植生基盤材の吹付に先立ち、金網やネット類を張設する場合、前記植栽ポットあるいは苗木を収納する袋状体、筒状体あるいは根鉢の梱包体の大きさを該金網あるいはネットの網目の大きさと同程度か若干大きめに調整して、網目の中に根鉢部を挿入固定し、しかる後に植生基盤材を吹付けることを特徴とする植生緑化方法。   In the vegetation planting method according to claim 1 and 2, when a wire net or net is stretched prior to spraying the vegetation base material, the bag-like body, tubular body or root pot for storing the planting pot or seedling The size of the package is adjusted to be the same as or slightly larger than the size of the wire net or the net of the net, the root pot is inserted and fixed in the net, and then the vegetation base material is sprayed. Vegetation greening method. 植生工の施工される地域やその近傍の森林で所望の樹木の種子を採取し、この採取した種子を先に吹付け造成された植生基盤内に埋設するか、あるいは保水性と透水性を備える腐食性のマットを二つ折りにし、その間に該種子を挟持させて該種子が落下せぬように三辺を閉じて水中に浸漬して発芽あるいは発根を待って、該マットを植生基盤内に埋設することを特徴とする植生緑化方法。   Collect the seeds of the desired tree in the area where the vegetation will be constructed or in the nearby forest, and embed the collected seeds in the vegetation base that has been sprayed first, or have water retention and water permeability Fold a corrosive mat, sandwich the seeds between them, close the three sides so that the seeds do not fall, soak in water and wait for germination or rooting, and place the mat in the vegetation base Vegetation planting method characterized by burying. 植生工の施工される地域やその近傍の森林、山林に堆積する樹木種子、草本種子および／もしくは枝葉、根系、表土等を一定厚の植生基盤を吹付造成した後に植生基盤材料と混合して、１ｃｍから３ｃｍの吹付厚で吹付けるか、さらにこれに請求項１および２記載のポットあるいは袋状体等を埋設することを特徴とする植生緑化方法。   After spraying a certain thickness of vegetation base with tree seeds, herbaceous seeds and / or herbaceous seeds and / or branches, root system, topsoil, etc. deposited in the area where the vegetation is constructed and in the nearby forest, mountain forest, A vegetation greening method comprising spraying with a spraying thickness of 1 cm to 3 cm, or further embedding the pot or bag according to claim 1 or 2 therein.

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