CN113647288B - Column type plant seedling cultivation method based on plant environment reconstruction method - Google Patents
Column type plant seedling cultivation method based on plant environment reconstruction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113647288B CN113647288B CN202110854456.4A CN202110854456A CN113647288B CN 113647288 B CN113647288 B CN 113647288B CN 202110854456 A CN202110854456 A CN 202110854456A CN 113647288 B CN113647288 B CN 113647288B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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Abstract
The invention provides a column type plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method, which comprises the steps of selecting drought-resistant and easily-survivable local seedlings, selecting a column-shaped pipe which is communicated up and down, filling configured nutrient soil in the column-shaped pipe, transplanting the seedlings into the column-shaped pipe for cultivation, transplanting the seedlings when new root systems and leaves grow out of the seedlings, drilling a planting hole matched with the column-shaped pipe in size at a steep rocky side slope, filling soil with a certain depth in the planting hole, cutting the column-shaped pipe from one end to the other end by using a cutting tool, exposing soil on the side wall in the air, conveying the column-shaped pipe into the planting hole, pushing the column-shaped pipe to the filled soil, then integrally compacting, filling soil until the planting hole is filled with a soil body, and injecting running water to finish green covering of the steep rocky side slope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high and steep rocky slope reconstruction green covering, in particular to a column type plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method.
Background
In the ecological restoration method of the high and steep rocky slope, the land environment reconstruction method mainly realizes long-term green covering by reconstructing an underground plant habitat and a plant community. The existing common technology on the market is mainly a fish scale pit technology, the method has certain requirements on vegetation post-maintenance and local rainfall, is suitable for rocky or soil slopes, has a slope range of 30-50 degrees, has large limitation on construction parts, is relatively high in manufacturing cost, is not suitable for high and steep slopes and smooth rocky slopes, has a greening effect greatly influenced by the slope conditions, and meanwhile, the existing damaged mountain ecological restoration technology mainly studies engineering measures such as slope cutting, spray seeding, anchoring and the like, does not fully utilize the inherent characteristics of the structure, the shape and the like of the existing slope, and has large disturbance on the slope.
The prior art provides a reconstruction method of a greenbelt environment of a steep rocky side slope, which comprises the steps of punching holes in a rock wall with a straight slope surface and small concave-convex fluctuation in the steep rocky side slope, measuring the temperature and humidity in the holes, selecting the holes with the humidity of more than 60% in the holes as planting holes, soaking the planting holes in pits, transplanting arbors or shrubs into the planting holes, and carrying out irrigation cultivation.
However, the method is to perform punching cultivation of the seedlings in the high and steep rocky side slope, and the high mortality rate of the seedlings is caused by water shortage, nutrient shortage and difficult rooting of the high and steep rocky side slope.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a column type plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method, which solves the problem of high mortality of seedlings by cultivating and growing plant seedlings and transplanting the plant seedlings into holes drilled in a high-steep rock slope environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a columnar plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting local seedlings which are drought-resistant, easy to survive and good in greening effect;
s2, selecting a cylindrical pipe, wherein the cylindrical pipe is communicated up and down, filling soil into the cylindrical pipe, and transplanting the seedlings into the cylindrical pipe;
s3, placing the cylindrical pipe in a greenhouse, and cultivating seedlings;
s4, drilling planting holes matched with the cylindrical pipes in size on the high and steep rock slopes;
s5, after the seedling cultivation is finished, filling soil with a certain depth into the planting holes, cutting the cylindrical pipes from one end to the other end by using a cutting tool to expose soil on the side wall in the air, conveying the cylindrical pipes into the planting holes, pushing the cylindrical pipes to the filled soil, then integrally compacting, filling the soil until the planting holes are filled with the soil body, and injecting running water.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, in step S1, the seedlings in the middle latitude area are cotinus coggygria, black pine, torch tree, ailanthus altissima, robinia pseudoacacia, fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle, winter jasmine, parthenocissus tricuspidata or campsis grandiflora.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, in step S2, the selected cylindrical pipe is a PVC pipe.
Preferably, the PVC pipe wall is provided with a plurality of air holes.
Still more preferably, the PVC pipe has a diameter of 20cm and a height of 50cm.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, in the step S3, the columns are arranged in a row, a drip irrigation device is arranged above the columns, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, and a fertilizing mode combining root system fertilization and foliar fertilization is adopted.
Based on the above technical solution, preferably, in step S4, the angle of the planting hole is 45 °.
Still more preferably, in step S4, the planting holes have a diameter of 20cm and a depth of 150cm, and in step S5, the planting holes are filled with soil of 100 cm.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, in step S5, the seedling cultivation time is 3-6 months;
after the arbor seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 80-100 cm, 3-5 new leaves and 4-6 branches are provided, the root length is more than or equal to 40cm, the number of lateral roots is 12-15, the lateral root length is more than or equal to 15cm, and the seedlings have no quarantine insect pests;
after the shrub seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 60-80 cm, 5-10 new leaves exist, 3-7 branches are formed, and the branch thickness is more than 1.5 cm.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, in the steps S2 and S5, the soil is sandy loam, the porosity is 50-80%, the water content is 70-90%, the PH is 5.5-6.5, and farmyard manure, compound fertilizer and water-retaining agent are added into the soil.
Compared with the prior art, the columnar plant seedling cultivation method based on the plant environment reconstruction method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through the arrangement of the cylindrical pipe, the seedlings can adapt to the living environment of the holes in the cultivation stage, meanwhile, the cylindrical pipe is convenient for transplanting the seedlings, compared with the method that the seedlings are dug out of soil, plastic bags are sleeved on the roots for transplanting, the seedlings cannot be dug when the cylindrical pipe is used for cultivation, and the damage to the roots of the seedlings is reduced;
(2) The cylindrical pipe is cut from one end to the other end by the cutting tool, so that the soil on the side wall is exposed in the air, the cylindrical pipe is conveniently placed in the planting hole, and meanwhile, the air permeability of the soil is increased;
(3) Pushing the cylindrical pipe to the filled soil, compacting the whole soil, filling the soil until the planting hole is filled with the soil, injecting running water, fixing the cylindrical pipe, and preventing the cylindrical pipe from shaking in the process of blowing wind and rain and falling from the planting hole;
(4) According to the column-type plant seedling cultivation method based on the plant environment reconstruction method, the column-type pipe is used for cultivation, and meanwhile, after the column-type pipe is placed in the planting hole, soil is filled at the bottom of the column-type pipe, so that the plant root system can grow downwards conveniently, and the survival rate of the plant is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a columnar plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a columnar plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and easily-survivable local seedlings;
s2, selecting a cylindrical pipe, enabling the cylindrical pipe to be communicated up and down, filling soil into the cylindrical pipe, and transplanting the seedlings into the cylindrical pipe;
s3, placing the cylindrical pipe in a greenhouse, and cultivating seedlings;
s4, drilling planting holes matched with the cylindrical pipes in size on the high and steep rock slopes;
s5, after the seedling cultivation is finished, filling soil with a certain depth into the planting hole, cutting the cylindrical pipe from one end to the other end by using a cutting tool, exposing soil on the side wall to the air, conveying the cylindrical pipe into the planting hole, pushing the cylindrical pipe to the filled soil, compacting the whole, filling soil until the planting hole is filled with the soil, and injecting running water.
In this embodiment, through setting up the column pipe, make the seedling can adapt to the living environment of hole at the stage of cultivating, the transplantation of the seedling of also being convenient for of column pipe simultaneously compares and digs out the seedling from soil, sheathes the plastic bag at the root and transplant, uses the column pipe to cultivate and can not excavate the seedling, has reduced the damage of seedling root, makes the plant seedling not loose at the in-process root soil body of transplanting simultaneously.
In this embodiment, by cutting the cylindrical pipe from one end to the other end with the cutting tool, the sidewall soil is exposed to the air, facilitating the placement of the cylindrical pipe in the planting hole while increasing the air permeability of the soil.
In the embodiment, planting holes matched with the size of the cylindrical pipes are drilled on the steep rock slopes, so that the cylindrical pipes are prevented from shaking and falling from the planting holes in the process of blowing wind and rain.
In this embodiment, through pushing away the column pipe to the soil department of filling, then whole compaction, fill in loam again until planting the hole and filled up by the soil body to pour into running water into, can fix the column pipe, prevent that the column pipe from producing in the in-process of blowing and drenching with rain and rocking, dropping from planting the hole.
In this embodiment, cultivate through using the column pipe, the column pipe link up from top to bottom, makes the column pipe put into the planting hole simultaneously after, the column pipe bottom packing has soil, can make things convenient for plant roots to grow downwards, pricks the root to soil depths, increases the plant survival rate, and the collection of the rainwater of being convenient for of column pipe makes the rainwater through the leading-in plant of column pipe all around and bottom soil, prevents that moisture from running off downwards.
It should be noted that, in step S1, the germchit is cotinus coggygria, black pine, torch tree, ailanthus altissima, robinia pseudoacacia, forsythia suspensa, honeysuckle, winter jasmine, japanese creeper or campsis grandiflora. The method is characterized in that what kind of plants are planted is determined according to the climatic characteristics of each region and the development condition of rock mass cracks, and the northern mid-latitude regions generally adopt cotinus coggygria, black pine, torch trees, ailanthus altissima, robinia pseudoacacia, fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle, winter jasmine, parthenocissus tricuspidata or campsis grandiflora and the like.
It should be noted that, in step S2, the selected cylindrical tube is a PVC tube. The PVC pipe has certain hardness, and can prevent soil loss caused by damage of the cylindrical pipe due to wind, rain and rain after the seedlings are placed in the planting holes.
It is supplementary stated that the wall of the PVC pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes to increase the air permeability of the soil. Specifically, holes are punched in a honeycomb type arrangement on the wall of the PVC pipe, the diameter of each hole is 1cm, and the distance between every two holes is 2cm.
It is added here that the PVC pipe is 20cm in diameter and 50cm in height. The diameter is 20cm, so that the horizontal growth space of lateral roots of the plant can be ensured, and the root system can effectively absorb the water on the surface layer of the soil. The height is 50cm, and the full growth of shrubs, arbors and vines can be ensured.
In the embodiment, in step S3, the columns are arranged in a row, a drip irrigation device is arranged above the columns, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, and a fertilization mode combining root fertilization and foliar fertilization is adopted. Specifically, the early-stage cultivation and maintenance method is greenhouse cultivation, soil and fertilizer suitable for plant growth are filled in cylinders, the cylinders are arranged in a row, drip irrigation is arranged above the cylinders, accurate irrigation is carried out by adopting a drip irrigation technology according to water requirements of different plants, so that the plants can effectively utilize water, the greenhouse keeps constant temperature and humidity, the temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃, and a fertilizing mode combining root fertilization and leaf fertilization is reasonably adopted in the seedling reviving stage.
It should be noted that, in step S4, the angle of the planting hole is 45 °. The angle of punching has guaranteed that the root crowd is in its required ground environment, and the collection of rainwater can be convenient for to 45 degrees angle, prevents that the column tube from dropping simultaneously.
It should be noted that, in step S4, the planting hole has a diameter of 20cm and a depth of 150cm, and in step S5, 100cm of soil is filled in the planting hole. The planting holes are 150cm deep, so that microbial communities required by plant growth are guaranteed, the temperature and humidity conditions required by plant growth under natural conditions are met, and soil of 100cm is filled in the planting holes, so that the holes have sufficient water and fertilizer conservation and supply conditions.
In step S5, the seedling cultivation time is 3-6 months. After the arbor seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 80-100 cm, 3-5 new leaves and 4-6 branches are provided, the root length is more than or equal to 40cm, the number of lateral roots is 12-15, the lateral root length is more than or equal to 15cm, and the seedlings have no quarantine insect pests. After the shrub seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 60-80 cm, 5-10 new leaves exist, 3-7 branches are formed, and the branch thickness is more than 1.5 cm.
It is supplementary noted that, in order to improve the water content and fertility of the soil, in steps S2 and S5, the soil is sandy loam, the porosity is 50% -80%, the water content is 70% -90%, the PH is between 5.5 and 6.5, and farmyard manure, compound fertilizer and water-retaining agent are added into the soil. Specifically, the soil is mainly fertile sandy loam, the porosity is 50-80%, the water content is 70-90%, the PH is between 5.5-6.5, 200g of farmyard manure and 100g of compound fertilizer are prepared, the concentration is 0.6%, and the soil is doped with 12g/m 2 A water-retaining agent. The water-retaining agent can effectively inhibit water evaporation, after the water-retaining agent is infiltrated into the soil, the water evaporation is inhibited to a great extent, the saturated water content of the soil is improved, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil is reduced, so that the water releasing speed of the soil is slowed down, the infiltration and the loss of the soil water are reduced, the purpose of water retention is achieved, the growth and the development of crop root systems can be stimulated, the length of roots is increased, the number of the roots is increased, and the plants can well grow in the holes of the rocky side slope.
The column-type plant seedling cultivation method based on the plant land environment reconstruction method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the most basic land environment conditions required by the plants are shaped by artificial means on the premise of the natural land environment of the plants by an effect method, so that the natural succession process of the plants is not excessively interfered. Convenient construction and low cost. The technology has low requirements on slope conditions, large machinery is not needed in the whole construction process, excessive later-period maintenance is not needed, the survival rate of plants is high, and the growth condition is good.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A column type plant seedling cultivation method based on a plant environment reconstruction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting local seedlings which are drought-resistant, easy to survive and good in greening effect;
s2, selecting a cylindrical pipe, wherein the cylindrical pipe is communicated up and down, filling soil into the cylindrical pipe, and transplanting the seedlings into the cylindrical pipe;
in the step S2, the selected cylindrical pipe is a PVC pipe; the PVC pipe is 20cm in diameter and 50cm in height; the wall of the PVC pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes;
s3, placing the cylindrical pipe in a greenhouse, and cultivating seedlings;
s4, drilling planting holes matched with the cylindrical pipes in size on the high and steep rock slopes;
s5, after the seedling cultivation is finished, filling soil with a certain depth into the planting hole, cutting the cylindrical pipe from one end to the other end by using a cutting tool, exposing soil on the side wall in the air, conveying the cylindrical pipe into the planting hole, pushing the cylindrical pipe to the filled soil, then integrally compacting, filling soil until the planting hole is filled with soil, and injecting running water;
in the step S4, the diameter of the planting hole is 20cm, the depth of the planting hole is 150cm, and in the step S5, soil of 100cm is filled in the planting hole.
2. The method for cultivating the columnar plant seedlings based on the plant habitat reconstruction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the seedlings in the middle latitude areas are cotinus coggygria, black pine, torch trees, ailanthus altissima, robinia pseudoacacia, forsythia suspensa, honeysuckle, winter jasmine, japanese creeper or campsis grandiflora.
3. The method for cultivating the columnar plant seedlings based on the plant habitat reconstruction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the columns are arranged in a row, a drip irrigation device is arranged above the columns, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, and a fertilizing mode combining root fertilization and foliar fertilization is adopted.
4. The columniform plant seedling cultivation method based on plant habitat reconstruction method of claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, the angle of the planting hole is 45 °.
5. The method for cultivating the columnar plant seedlings based on the plant habitat reconstruction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the seedling cultivation time is 3-6 months;
after the arbor seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 80-100 cm, 3-5 new leaves and 4-6 branches are provided, the root length is more than or equal to 40cm, the number of lateral roots is 12-15, the lateral root length is more than or equal to 15cm, and the seedlings have no quarantine pest and disease damage;
after the shrub seedlings are cultivated, the height of the seedlings is 60-80 cm, 5-10 new leaves exist, 3-7 branches are formed, and the branch thickness is more than 1.5 cm.
6. The method for cultivating the columnar plant seedlings based on the plant habitat reconstruction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the steps S2 and S5, the soil is sandy loam, the porosity is 50-80%, the water content is 70-90%, the PH is 5.5-6.5, and farmyard manure, compound fertilizer and water-retaining agent are added into the soil.
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