JP2005197309A - Solid electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents

Solid electrolytic capacitor Download PDF

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JP2005197309A
JP2005197309A JP2003435828A JP2003435828A JP2005197309A JP 2005197309 A JP2005197309 A JP 2005197309A JP 2003435828 A JP2003435828 A JP 2003435828A JP 2003435828 A JP2003435828 A JP 2003435828A JP 2005197309 A JP2005197309 A JP 2005197309A
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foil
electrolytic capacitor
solid electrolytic
electrode foil
separator
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JP4381136B2 (en
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Norihito Fukui
典仁 福井
Katsunori Nogami
勝憲 野上
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Nippon Chemi Con Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid electrolytic capacitor having good electrostatic capacitance characteristics. <P>SOLUTION: The solid electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element in which an anode electrode foil and a cathode electrode foil are wound through a separator and a conductive polymer is held by the separator. Since an aluminum foil, such as an etching foil, a plane foil, etc. having a film made of an ITO formed on the front surface is used as the cathode electrode foil, the electrostatic capacity, the ESR characteristics are good by the good conductivity of the ITO. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、固体電解コンデンサにかかり、特に導電性ポリマーを電解質に用いた固体電解コンデンサに関する。   The present invention relates to a solid electrolytic capacitor, and more particularly to a solid electrolytic capacitor using a conductive polymer as an electrolyte.

電解コンデンサは、タンタル、アルミニウム等の弁作用金属からなるとともに微細孔やエッチングピットを備える陽極電極の表面に、誘電体となる酸化皮膜層を形成し、この酸化皮膜層から電極を引き出した構成からなる。そして、酸化皮膜層からの電極の引出しは、導電性を有する電解質層により行っている。したがって、電解コンデンサにおいては電解質層が真の陰極を担うことになる。このような真の陰極として機能する電解質層は、酸化皮膜層との密着性、緻密性、均一性などが求められる。特に、陽極電極の微細孔やエッチングピットの内部における密着性が電気的な特性に大きな影響を及ぼしており、従来数々の電解質層が提案されている。   An electrolytic capacitor is made of a valve action metal such as tantalum or aluminum, and has a structure in which an oxide film layer serving as a dielectric is formed on the surface of an anode electrode having fine holes and etching pits, and an electrode is drawn from the oxide film layer. Become. And extraction of the electrode from an oxide film layer is performed by the electrolyte layer which has electroconductivity. Therefore, in the electrolytic capacitor, the electrolyte layer serves as a true cathode. Such an electrolyte layer functioning as a true cathode is required to have adhesion, denseness, and uniformity with the oxide film layer. In particular, the adhesion within the fine holes of the anode electrode and the etching pits has a great influence on the electrical characteristics, and a number of electrolyte layers have been proposed in the past.

ところで、近年、電子機器のデジタル化、高周波化に伴い、小型大容量で高周波領域でのインピーダンスの低いコンデンサが要求されている。   By the way, in recent years, with the digitization and high frequency of electronic equipment, a capacitor having a small size and a large capacity and a low impedance in a high frequency region is required.

これらの要求に対して、陰極箔と陽極箔をセパレータを介して巻回したコンデンサ素子を金属ケースに収納し、封口ゴムによって封止する巻回型の電解コンデンサによって、小型大容量を実現することができる。そして、低インピーダンスに対しては、電解質として固体電解質を用いることで対応することができる。このような固体電解質としては、7、7、8、8−テトラシアノキノジメタン(TCNQ)錯体、ポリピロール、ポリチオフエン等の高導電性を有する導電性ポリマーが知られている。そして、現在では反応速度が緩やかで、かつ陽極電極の酸化皮膜層との密着性に優れたポリエチレンジオキシチオフェン(PEDT)に着目し(特許文献1参照)、その結果、陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔とを、セパレータを介して巻回したコンデンサ素子に、モノマーと酸化剤とを含浸し、その後緩やかに起きるモノマーと酸化剤との化学重合反応で固体電解質であるポリエチレンジオキシチオフェンをコンデンサ素子内部で生成させる固体電解コンデンサが実現されている(特許文献2参照)。
特開平2−15611号公報 特開平10−340829号公報
In response to these requirements, a capacitor element in which a cathode foil and an anode foil are wound through a separator is housed in a metal case, and a small and large capacity is realized by a wound type electrolytic capacitor that is sealed with a sealing rubber. Can do. And it can respond to low impedance by using a solid electrolyte as an electrolyte. As such a solid electrolyte, conductive polymers having high conductivity such as 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) complex, polypyrrole, polythiophene and the like are known. Attention is now focused on polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDT), which has a slow reaction rate and excellent adhesion to the oxide film layer of the anode electrode (see Patent Document 1), and as a result, the anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode Capacitor element wound with foil through a separator is impregnated with monomer and oxidant, and then polyethylenedioxythiophene, which is a solid electrolyte, is generated by a chemical polymerization reaction between the monomer and oxidant that occurs slowly. (See Patent Document 2).
JP-A-2-15611 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-340829

ところで、近年、電子情報機器はデジタル化され、さらにこれらの電子情報機器の心臓部であるマイクロプロセッサの駆動周波数の高速化が進んでいる。これに伴って、消費電力の増大化が進み、発熱による信頼性の問題が顕在化してきたため、その対策として駆動電圧の低減化が図られてきた。 By the way, in recent years, electronic information devices have been digitized, and the driving frequency of the microprocessor which is the heart of these electronic information devices has been increased. Along with this, the power consumption has been increasing and the problem of reliability due to heat generation has become obvious. Therefore, the drive voltage has been reduced as a countermeasure.

上記駆動電圧の低減化を図るため、マイクロプロセッサに高精度な電力を供給する電源の出力側コンデンサには、ESRの低いコンデンサが多数用いられている。このような低ESR特性を有するコンデンサとして、上述したような固体電解コンデンサが用いられている。 In order to reduce the drive voltage, a large number of capacitors having low ESR are used as output-side capacitors of a power supply that supplies highly accurate power to the microprocessor. As the capacitor having such a low ESR characteristic, the solid electrolytic capacitor as described above is used.

しかしながら、マイクロプロセッサの駆動周波数の高速化は著しく、それに伴って消費電力がさらに増大し、コンデンサからの供給電力のさらなる増大化が求められ、このために固体電解コンデンサには大容量化が要求されている。 However, the increase in the driving frequency of the microprocessor is remarkable, and accordingly, the power consumption further increases, and further increase in the power supplied from the capacitor is required. For this reason, the solid electrolytic capacitor is required to have a large capacity. ing.

そこで、本発明は、前述のような問題点を解決するために、静電容量の高い固体電解コンデンサを提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid electrolytic capacitor having a high capacitance in order to solve the above-described problems.

本発明は、陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔とをセパレータを介して巻回するとともに、導電性ポリマーをセパレータで保持したコンデンサ素子を備えた固体電解コンデンサにおいて、陰極電極箔として表面にITOからなる皮膜を形成したアルミニウム箔を用いている。     The present invention relates to a solid electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor element in which an anode electrode foil and a cathode electrode foil are wound via a separator and a conductive polymer is held by the separator. The aluminum foil which formed is used.

ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)とは酸化 インジウム In23中に酸化 スズ SnO2をドープしたインジウム ・スズ 酸化 物であり、高導電性、高透過率を有する。 ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is an indium tin oxide in which indium oxide In 2 O 3 is doped with tin oxide SnO 2 and has high conductivity and high transmittance.

本発明の固体電解コンデンサについて説明する。アルミニウム等の弁作用金属からなり表面に酸化皮膜層が形成された陽極電極箔と、陰極電極箔とを、セパレータを介して巻回してコンデンサ素子を形成する。そして、このコンデンサ素子のセパレータに導電性ポリマーを保持している。   The solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention will be described. An anode electrode foil made of a valve action metal such as aluminum and having an oxide film layer formed on the surface thereof and a cathode electrode foil are wound through a separator to form a capacitor element. The conductive polymer is held in the separator of the capacitor element.

陽極電極箔は、アルミニウム等の弁作用金属からなり、陽極電極箔の表面には、アジピン酸アンモニウム等の水溶液中で電圧を印加して誘電体となる酸化皮膜層を形成している。陰極電極箔は、陽極電極箔と同様にアルミニウム等からなり、表面にエッチング処理が施されているものを用いる。   The anode electrode foil is made of a valve action metal such as aluminum, and an oxide film layer serving as a dielectric is formed on the surface of the anode electrode foil by applying a voltage in an aqueous solution of ammonium adipate or the like. The cathode electrode foil is made of aluminum or the like like the anode electrode foil, and the surface is subjected to etching treatment.

陽極電極箔及び陰極電極箔にはそれぞれの電極を外部に接続するための陽極引出し手段、陰極引出し手段が、ステッチ、超音波溶接等の公知の手段により接続されている。これらの電極引出し手段は、巻回したコンデンサ素子の端面から導出される。   Anode extraction means and cathode extraction means for connecting the respective electrodes to the outside are connected to the anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode foil by known means such as stitching and ultrasonic welding. These electrode lead-out means are led out from the end face of the wound capacitor element.

コンデンサ素子は、上記の陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔とを、セパレータを間に挟むようにして巻き取って形成している。両極電極箔の寸法は、製造する固体電解コンデンサの仕様に応じて任意であり、セパレータも両極電極箔の寸法に応じてこれよりやや大きい幅寸法のものを用いればよい。   The capacitor element is formed by winding the anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode foil with a separator interposed therebetween. The dimensions of the bipolar electrode foil are arbitrary depending on the specifications of the solid electrolytic capacitor to be manufactured, and the separator having a slightly larger width may be used depending on the dimensions of the bipolar electrode foil.

このコンデンサ素子内に導電性ポリマーを形成するが、導電性ポリマーとしてポリエチレンジオキシチオフェン(PEDT)を用いると、大容量、低ESR特性を有する固体電解コンデンサを得ることができるので好適である。このPEDTは、モノマーである3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン(EDT)を酸化剤であるp−トルエンスルホン酸第二鉄で重合させて得ることができる。重合はEDTまたはEDT溶液と酸化剤溶液をコンデンサ素子に注入して加熱して行うこともできるし、EDTと酸化剤の混合液をコンデンサ素子に注入、または混合液にコンデンサ素子を浸漬して含浸し加熱して行うこともできる。   A conductive polymer is formed in this capacitor element. When polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDT) is used as the conductive polymer, a solid electrolytic capacitor having a large capacity and low ESR characteristics can be obtained. This PEDT can be obtained by polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDT) as a monomer with ferric p-toluenesulfonate as an oxidizing agent. Polymerization can be performed by injecting EDT or an EDT solution and an oxidant solution into a capacitor element and heating, or by injecting a mixed liquid of EDT and an oxidant into the capacitor element, or immersing the capacitor element in a mixed solution. It can also be performed by heating.

そして、この導電性ポリマーを形成したコンデンサ素子を有底筒状の金属ケースに収納し、封口ゴムで加締め封止して固体電解コンデンサが形成される。   Then, the capacitor element in which the conductive polymer is formed is housed in a bottomed cylindrical metal case, and is swaged and sealed with a sealing rubber to form a solid electrolytic capacitor.

ここで、本発明においては、陰極電極箔として、表面にITOからなる皮膜を形成したアルミニウム箔を用いる。ITOからなる皮膜の形成方法はスプレー熱分解法、CVD法等の化学的成膜法と電子ビーム蒸着法、スパッタリング法等の物理的成膜法が挙げられる。中でもスパッタリング法が大面積化が容易でかつ高性能の膜が得られる成膜法であるので好ましい。   Here, in this invention, the aluminum foil which formed the film | membrane which consists of ITO on the surface is used as a cathode electrode foil. Examples of the method for forming a film made of ITO include chemical film formation methods such as spray pyrolysis and CVD, and physical film formation methods such as electron beam evaporation and sputtering. Among these, the sputtering method is preferable because it is a film forming method that can easily increase the area and obtain a high-performance film.

スパッタリング法によりITO からなる皮膜を形成する場合、金属インジウムおよび金属スズからなる合金ターゲットあるいは酸化インジウムと酸化スズからなる複合酸化物ターゲットをスパッタリングターゲットとして用い、通常のスパッタリング法により形成することができる。 When a film made of ITO is formed by a sputtering method, an alloy target made of metal indium and metal tin or a composite oxide target made of indium oxide and tin oxide can be used as a sputtering target, and can be formed by an ordinary sputtering method.

アルミニウム箔としては、エッチング箔、またはプレーン箔、さらには表面に化成皮膜を形成したエッチング箔、または表面に化成皮膜を形成したプレーン箔を用いることができる。中でもプレーン箔を用いるとエッチング箔に比べてエッチング部がない分、箔厚を小さくすることができ、箔面積を拡大して静電容量を増大することができる。またこれらのアルミニウム箔に化成皮膜を形成すると導電性ポリマーのアルミニウム箔への密着性が向上するためと思われるが、ESRが低減する。 As the aluminum foil, an etching foil or a plain foil, an etching foil having a chemical conversion film formed on the surface, or a plain foil having a chemical conversion film formed on the surface can be used. In particular, when a plain foil is used, the thickness of the foil can be reduced because there is no etched portion compared to the etching foil, and the capacitance can be increased by increasing the foil area. Moreover, although it seems that when a chemical conversion film is formed on these aluminum foils, the adhesiveness of the conductive polymer to the aluminum foil is improved, ESR is reduced.

以上の固体電解コンデンサにおいては、陰極箔の表面に形成したITOの比電気抵抗が低いので、導電性ポリマーと陰極箔が導通状態となって、コンデンサの合成容量が最大となり、静電容量が増大となる。さらに、ITOと導電性ポリマーとの接着性が良好なので、ESRが低減する。   In the above solid electrolytic capacitor, the specific electric resistance of ITO formed on the surface of the cathode foil is low, so that the conductive polymer and the cathode foil are in a conductive state, the combined capacity of the capacitor is maximized, and the capacitance is increased. It becomes. Furthermore, since the adhesion between ITO and the conductive polymer is good, ESR is reduced.

本発明は、陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔とをセパレータを介して巻回するとともに、導電性ポリマーをセパレータで保持したコンデンサ素子を備えた固体電解コンデンサにおいて、陰極電極箔として表面にITOからなる皮膜を形成したアルミニウム箔を用いているので、静電容量特性、ESR特性が良好である。     The present invention relates to a solid electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor element in which an anode electrode foil and a cathode electrode foil are wound via a separator and a conductive polymer is held by the separator. Since the aluminum foil formed is used, the capacitance characteristics and the ESR characteristics are good.

次に本発明の固体電解コンデンサについて具体的に説明する。
陽極電極箔及び陰極電極箔は、弁作用金属、例えばアルミニウム、タンタルからなり、その表面には予めエッチング処理が施されて表面積が拡大されている。陽極電極箔については、更に化成処理が施され、表面に酸化アルミニウムからなる酸化皮膜層が形成されている。この陽極電極箔及び陰極電極箔を、セパレータを介して巻回し、コンデンサ素子を得る。
Next, the solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention will be specifically described.
The anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode foil are made of a valve metal, such as aluminum or tantalum, and the surface thereof is preliminarily etched to increase the surface area. The anode electrode foil is further subjected to chemical conversion treatment, and an oxide film layer made of aluminum oxide is formed on the surface. The anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode foil are wound through a separator to obtain a capacitor element.

次いで、コンデンサ素子に、EDTと酸化剤とを含浸する。酸化剤は、p−トルエンスルホン酸第二鉄のブタノール溶液を用い、150℃、1時間加熱重合して、導電性ポリマーであるPEDTを生成する。   Next, the capacitor element is impregnated with EDT and an oxidizing agent. As the oxidizing agent, a butanol solution of ferric p-toluenesulfonate is used and polymerized by heating at 150 ° C. for 1 hour to produce PEDT which is a conductive polymer.

このようにして陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔の間に介在したセパレータに導電性ポリマー層が形成されたコンデンサ素子は、有底筒状のケースに収納され、ブチルゴムからなる封口ゴムで封止して固体電解コンデンサを形成する。定格は2.5WV−820μFである。   Thus, the capacitor element in which the conductive polymer layer is formed on the separator interposed between the anode electrode foil and the cathode electrode foil is housed in a bottomed cylindrical case and sealed with a sealing rubber made of butyl rubber. A solid electrolytic capacitor is formed. The rating is 2.5 WV-820 μF.

ここで、実施例1として0.5μmのITO皮膜を形成した50μmのエッチング箔を、実施例2として0.5μmのITO皮膜を形成した30μmのプレーン箔を、実施例3として0.5μmのITO皮膜を形成した50μmの2V化成エッチング箔を、実施例4として0.5μmのITO皮膜を形成した30μmの2V化成プレーン箔を陰極箔として用いた。   Here, as Example 1, a 50 μm etching foil having a 0.5 μm ITO film formed thereon, a 30 μm plain foil having a 0.5 μm ITO film formed as Example 2, and a 0.5 μm ITO film as Example 3 were used. As a cathode foil, a 50 μm 2V conversion etching foil having a film formed thereon and a 30 μm 2V conversion plain foil having a 0.5 μm ITO film formed thereon as Example 4 were used.

また、比較例1として、0.3μmの窒化チタン皮膜を形成した50μmのエッチング箔、比較例2として、0.3μmの窒化チタン皮膜を形成した50μmの2V化成エッチング箔を用いた。   Further, as Comparative Example 1, a 50 μm etching foil formed with a 0.3 μm titanium nitride film was used, and as Comparative Example 2, a 50 μm 2V chemical conversion etching foil formed with a 0.3 μm titanium nitride film was used.

次に、これらの固体電解コンデンサの初期特性を(表1)に示す。   Next, initial characteristics of these solid electrolytic capacitors are shown in (Table 1).

(表1)
┌────────┬────────┬────────┐
│ │静電容量(μF )│ ESR(mΩ) │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 実施例1 │ 854 │ 7.3 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 実施例2 │ 927 │ 6.6 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 実施例3 │ 853 │ 5.3 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 実施例4 │ 923 │ 6.5 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 比較例1 │ 849 │ 10.8 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ 比較例2 │ 849 │ 8 │
└────────┴────────┴────────┘
(Table 1)
┌────────┬────────┬────────┐
│ │Capacitance (μF) │ ESR (mΩ) │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Example 1 │ 854 │ 7.3 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Example 2 │ 927 │ 6.6 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Example 3 │ 853 │ 5.3 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Example 4 │ 923 │ 6.5 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Comparative Example 1 │ 849 │ 10.8 │
├────────┼────────┼────────┤
│ Comparative Example 2 │ 849 │ 8 │
└────────┴────────┴────────┘

以上のように、実施例は比較例に比べて、静電容量、ESR共に良好である。

As described above, the example has better electrostatic capacity and ESR than the comparative example.

Claims (4)

陽極電極箔と陰極電極箔とをセパレータを介して巻回するとともに、導電性ポリマーをセパレータで保持したコンデンサ素子を備えた固体電解コンデンサにおいて、陰極電極箔として表面にITOからなる皮膜を形成したアルミニウム箔を用いた固体電解コンデンサ。 In a solid electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor element in which an anode electrode foil and a cathode electrode foil are wound via a separator and a conductive polymer is held by the separator, an aluminum having a film made of ITO formed on the surface as a cathode electrode foil Solid electrolytic capacitor using foil. アルミニウム箔がエッチング箔、またはプレーン箔であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の固体電解コンデンサ。 2. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil is an etching foil or a plain foil. アルミニウム箔が表面に化成皮膜を形成したエッチング箔、または表面に化成皮膜を形成たプレーン箔であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の固体電解コンデンサ。 2. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil is an etching foil having a chemical conversion film formed on a surface thereof, or a plain foil having a chemical conversion film formed on a surface thereof. 導電性ポリマーが3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェンと酸化剤の化学重合によって形成したポリエチレンジオキシチオフェンである請求項1ないし3記載の固体電解コンデンサ。


4. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive polymer is polyethylene dioxythiophene formed by chemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and an oxidizing agent.


JP2003435828A 2003-12-26 2003-12-26 Solid electrolytic capacitor Expired - Lifetime JP4381136B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006086326A (en) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-30 Ulvac Japan Ltd Cathode material for electrolytic capacitor
CN107142485A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-09-08 广西正润新材料科技有限公司 A kind of method of mesohigh anode high-purity aluminum foil surface generalization modification

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006086326A (en) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-30 Ulvac Japan Ltd Cathode material for electrolytic capacitor
JP4585819B2 (en) * 2004-09-16 2010-11-24 株式会社アルバック Cathode material for electrolytic capacitors
CN107142485A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-09-08 广西正润新材料科技有限公司 A kind of method of mesohigh anode high-purity aluminum foil surface generalization modification

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