JP2005182339A - Touch panel and screen input type display device therewith - Google Patents

Touch panel and screen input type display device therewith Download PDF

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JP2005182339A
JP2005182339A JP2003420337A JP2003420337A JP2005182339A JP 2005182339 A JP2005182339 A JP 2005182339A JP 2003420337 A JP2003420337 A JP 2003420337A JP 2003420337 A JP2003420337 A JP 2003420337A JP 2005182339 A JP2005182339 A JP 2005182339A
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conductive electrode
electrode
search
substrate
touch panel
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Muneo Kitamura
宗夫 北村
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Kawaguchiko Seimitsu Co Ltd
Kawaguchiko Seimitsu KK
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Kawaguchiko Seimitsu Co Ltd
Kawaguchiko Seimitsu KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circular touch panel, in the touch panel disposed on a display screen such as a liquid crystal display, allowing a user to directly press the display screen for information by a finger or a pen according to an instruction of the seeing-through screen to input data, in equipment such as an ATM, a car navigation system, an automatic vending machine, a copying machine, or various kinds of terminals. <P>SOLUTION: An upper substrate 51 is provided with a nearly circular upper transparent electrode 53 on the lower face of a flexible and nearly circular upper transparent substrate, and is provided with a reference electroconductive electrode 54 comprising a straight line of a prescribed length, and a plurality of search electroconductive electrodes 55 each having the same length as the reference electroconductive electrode 54, parallel to the reference electroconductive electrode 54, in an on-face peripheral area of the upper transparent electrode 53. A lower substrate 41 is provided with a nearly circular lower transparent electrode 43 on the upper face of a nearly circular lower transparent substrate, and is provided with a reference electroconductive electrode 44 comprising a straight line of a prescribed length, and a plurality of search electroconductive electrodes 45 each having the same length as the reference electroconductive electrode 44, parallel to the reference electroconductive electrode 44, in an on-face peripheral area of the lower transparent electrode 43, and a dot spacer 48 on the upper face of the lower transparent electrode 43. The upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate 41 are disposed at a prescribed gap such that the reference electroconductive electrode 54 of the upper substrate 51 faces the reference electroconductive electrode 44 of the lower substrate 41 in positions displaced by 90°, and the peripheral areas of the upper and lower substrates are bonded and fixed by a seal material 57. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ＡＴＭ、カーナビゲーション、自動販売機、複写機、各種端末機等の機器において、液晶ディスプレイ等の表示画面上に配置し、透視した画面の指示に従って使用者が情報の表示画面を指やペンで直接押してデータの入力が行われるタッチパネルに関する。   The present invention is arranged on a display screen such as a liquid crystal display in devices such as ATMs, car navigation systems, vending machines, copiers, and various terminals, and the user points to the information display screen according to the instructions on the fluoroscopic screen. The present invention relates to a touch panel in which data is input by directly pressing with a pen.

従来技術における抵抗膜式タッチパネルは、可撓性を有する透明基板の下面に透明電極とこの透明電極に接続する導電電極を形成した上基板と、同じく上面に透明電極とこの透明電極に接続する導電電極を形成し、透明電極の上面にドットスペーサを一定間隔に配設した下基板とが、所定の隙間を持って透明電極同士が対面するような配置構造を取っている。そして、このタッチパネルを液晶表示装置等の表示装置の上面側に配置して使用される。表示装置の表示部分に位置する所のタッチパネルを指又はペンで押すことによって、タッチパネルの上基板が撓んでその押した所の透明電極が下基板の透明電極に接触し、そして、その接触点の位置が電気抵抗の測定によって検知されて入力情報が読みとられる。   The resistive film type touch panel in the prior art has an upper substrate in which a transparent electrode and a conductive electrode connected to the transparent electrode are formed on a lower surface of a flexible transparent substrate, and a transparent electrode and a conductive material connected to the transparent electrode on the upper surface. An electrode is formed, and a lower substrate having dot spacers arranged at regular intervals on the upper surface of the transparent electrode has an arrangement structure in which the transparent electrodes face each other with a predetermined gap. The touch panel is used by being arranged on the upper surface side of a display device such as a liquid crystal display device. By pressing the touch panel located in the display portion of the display device with a finger or a pen, the upper substrate of the touch panel is bent and the transparent electrode at the pressed position comes into contact with the transparent electrode on the lower substrate. The position is detected by measuring electrical resistance and the input information is read.

従来、一般的に用いられているタッチパネルの構成を図８〜１１を用いて説明する。図８は従来技術におけるタッチパネルの平面図、図９は図８おけるＥ−Ｅ断面図、図１０は図８における下基板の平面図、図１１は図８における上基板の平面図を示している。   The structure of a conventionally used touch panel will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a plan view of a conventional touch panel, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a plan view of the lower substrate in FIG. 8, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of the upper substrate in FIG. .

図８、図９、図１０、図１１に示すように、従来のタッチパネル２０は形状が方形をなす下基板１と可撓性を有する上基板１１とを備えている。下基板１は、透明な方形のガラスからなる下透明基板２と、この下透明基板２の上面に方形形状に形成された下透明電極３と、この下透明電極３の図中上下の対向する両辺に沿って接続形成されて下透明基板２の片方端にある点線枠で囲ったＦＰＣ取付部Ｓまで延設した一対の下導電電極４及び５と、ＦＰＣ取付部Ｓ近辺に形成された一対の接続電極６、７と、下透明電極３上にマトリックス状に配置したドットスペーサ８とで構成されている。尚、上記一対の接続電極６、７は、後述する上基板１１の上導電電極１４、１５に導通接続を行うためにＦＰＣ取付部Ｓ近辺に設けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and 11, the conventional touch panel 20 includes a lower substrate 1 having a square shape and an upper substrate 11 having flexibility. The lower substrate 1 includes a lower transparent substrate 2 made of transparent square glass, a lower transparent electrode 3 formed in a square shape on the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate 2, and the lower transparent electrode 3 facing each other up and down in the drawing. A pair of lower conductive electrodes 4 and 5 which are connected along both sides and extend to the FPC mounting portion S surrounded by a dotted line frame at one end of the lower transparent substrate 2, and a pair formed in the vicinity of the FPC mounting portion S. Connecting electrodes 6 and 7 and dot spacers 8 arranged in a matrix on the lower transparent electrode 3. The pair of connection electrodes 6 and 7 are provided in the vicinity of the FPC attachment portion S in order to perform conductive connection to upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 of the upper substrate 11 described later.

上基板１１は、可撓性があって透明で方形形状をした上透明基板１２と、この上透明基板１２の下面に方形形状に形成されている上透明電極１３と、この上透明電極１３の図中左右の対向する両辺に沿って接続形成されてＦＰＣ取付部Ｓ方向に向かって延設された一対の上導電電極１４、１５とで構成されている。   The upper substrate 11 is a flexible, transparent and rectangular upper transparent substrate 12, an upper transparent electrode 13 formed in a square shape on the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate 12, and the upper transparent electrode 13. A pair of upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 are formed so as to be connected along opposite left and right sides in the figure and extend in the direction of the FPC attachment portion S.

そして、上基板１１の上導電電極１４、１５と下基板１の下導電電極４、５とが方形配置となるように対向配置し、上下基板１１、１とに一定の隙間を持たせてシール材１７で上下基板１１、１とを接着して固定すると共に、上下基板１１、１の外周域を周回してシールしている。更に、上基板１１に設けられた上導電電極１４及び１５は、接続部Ｂ及びＡの場所において、その先端部１４ａ、１５ａが下基板１に設けた一対の接続電極６及び７と導電性接着剤を介して接続され、導通がとられている。   Then, the upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 of the upper substrate 11 and the lower conductive electrodes 4 and 5 of the lower substrate 1 are arranged to face each other in a square arrangement, and the upper and lower substrates 11 and 1 are sealed with a certain gap. The upper and lower substrates 11 and 1 are bonded and fixed with a material 17 and the outer peripheral areas of the upper and lower substrates 11 and 1 are circulated and sealed. Further, the upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 provided on the upper substrate 11 are electrically bonded to the pair of connection electrodes 6 and 7 provided on the lower substrate 1 at the tip portions 14a and 15a at the locations of the connection portions B and A. It is connected through the agent and is conductive.

また、防眩性を高めて透視性や品質表示を良くするために、上基板１１の上面には偏光板１８、下基板１の下面には位相差板１６が貼付けられている。また、下基板１のＦＰＣ取付部ＳにはＦＰＣ９が取り付けられて外部との導通が図られるようになっている。   In addition, a polarizing plate 18 is attached to the upper surface of the upper substrate 11 and a phase difference plate 16 is attached to the lower surface of the lower substrate 1 in order to improve the antiglare property and improve the transparency and quality display. In addition, an FPC 9 is attached to the FPC attachment portion S of the lower substrate 1 so as to be electrically connected to the outside.

上記構造を成すタッチパネル２０の各構成要素部品は次のようになっている。下基板１を構成する下透明基板２は透明なガラスが用いられる。このガラスはソーダガラスや石英ガラス、アルカリガラス、ほうけい酸ガラス、普通板ガラス等が利用でき、反り等が起きない程度の厚さのものが使われる。多くは０．７〜１．１ｍｍのものが選択される。上基板１１を構成する上透明基板１２は可撓性を必要とするところなので透明な薄板ガラスや透明なプラスチックフイルムが用いられる。一般的に、耐熱性が求められる機器（例えば、カーナビゲーション等）にはガラスが使用される。ガラスとしては耐熱性や衝撃性にも強く、且つ可撓性も有する０．２ｍｍ厚みのほうけい酸ガラスなどのマイクロガラス（マイクロシートガラス）などが用いられている。   Each component part of the touch panel 20 having the above structure is as follows. Transparent glass is used for the lower transparent substrate 2 constituting the lower substrate 1. As this glass, soda glass, quartz glass, alkali glass, borosilicate glass, normal plate glass and the like can be used, and those having a thickness that does not cause warpage or the like are used. In many cases, 0.7 to 1.1 mm is selected. Since the upper transparent substrate 12 constituting the upper substrate 11 requires flexibility, a transparent thin glass or a transparent plastic film is used. In general, glass is used for equipment that requires heat resistance (for example, car navigation systems). As the glass, micro glass (micro sheet glass) such as 0.2 mm-thick borosilicate glass which is strong in heat resistance and impact resistance and has flexibility is used.

下基板１を構成する下透明電極３及び上基板１１を構成する上透明電極１３は錫をドープした酸化インジウムのＩＴＯ（Indium Tin Oxide）膜で、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法、ＣＶＤ法、印刷法等で形成する。この下透明電極３及び上透明電極１３は高抵抗値であることが求められるため２５０〜５００オングストロームの範囲で非常に薄く形成する。このＩＴＯ膜は、基板全面に形成したものをフォトリソグラフィにより不要部分を除去し、必要な部分を残して形成する。   The lower transparent electrode 3 constituting the lower substrate 1 and the upper transparent electrode 13 constituting the upper substrate 11 are tin-doped indium oxide ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) films, which are vacuum deposition, sputtering, CVD, and printing. Etc. Since the lower transparent electrode 3 and the upper transparent electrode 13 are required to have a high resistance value, they are formed very thin in the range of 250 to 500 angstroms. This ITO film is formed on the entire surface of the substrate by removing unnecessary portions by photolithography and leaving necessary portions.

下基板１を構成する下導電電極４、５、接続電極６、７、及び上基板１１を構成する上導電電極１４、１５は、下透明電極３及び上透明電極１３に電圧印加するために設けるもので、銀粉や銅粉等の高導電性金属粉を熱硬化性のエポキシ樹脂等に混ぜ合わせてインク化したものをスクリーン印刷等の印刷方法で形成する。タッチパネルの性能上、これらの電極の抵抗値が低ければ低いほど良いものであり、一般に、透明電極のシート抵抗値に対してこれらの電極のシート抵抗値は１００分の１以下であることが必要とされている。そこで、これらの電極の印刷の厚さを増したり、幅を広くしたりして抵抗値を小さく押さえる設計がなされている。   The lower conductive electrodes 4 and 5 constituting the lower substrate 1, the connection electrodes 6 and 7, and the upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 constituting the upper substrate 11 are provided for applying a voltage to the lower transparent electrode 3 and the upper transparent electrode 13. It is formed by mixing a highly conductive metal powder such as silver powder or copper powder with a thermosetting epoxy resin or the like by a printing method such as screen printing. In view of the performance of the touch panel, the lower the resistance value of these electrodes, the better. In general, the sheet resistance value of these electrodes needs to be 1/100 or less of the sheet resistance value of the transparent electrode. It is said that. Therefore, a design has been made to reduce the resistance value by increasing the thickness of printing of these electrodes or increasing the width.

下基板１を構成するドットスペーサ８は、押圧した部分以外の部分の透明電極同士が接触しないために設けるもので、透明なアクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、その他の透明な樹脂材料をスクリーン印刷等の方法でドットマトリックス状に一定間隔に形成し、その後、熱または紫外線で硬化処理を施して形成する。このドットスペーサ８は目に見えない大きさであることが求められることから、直径３０〜６０μｍ、ドット間隔は１〜８ｍｍの範囲で設計される。また、厚みは、用いる上透明基板１２の材質や上下基板１１、１の隙間量にもよって異なるが、上透明基板１２に０．２ｍｍのマイクロガラスを使用し、上下基板１１、１の隙間量を１０μｍ前後に設定した場合は概ね２〜５μｍ位の厚みを取る。   The dot spacer 8 constituting the lower substrate 1 is provided so that the transparent electrodes in the portions other than the pressed portion do not come into contact with each other, and a transparent acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, or other transparent resin material is screen-printed. The dot matrix is formed at regular intervals by a method such as the above, and then cured by heat or ultraviolet rays. Since the dot spacer 8 is required to be invisible, the dot spacer 8 is designed to have a diameter of 30 to 60 μm and a dot interval of 1 to 8 mm. The thickness varies depending on the material of the upper transparent substrate 12 to be used and the gap amount between the upper and lower substrates 11 and 1, but 0.2 mm of micro glass is used for the upper transparent substrate 12, and the gap amount between the upper and lower substrates 11 and 1. Is set to approximately 10 μm, the thickness is approximately 2 to 5 μm.

シール材１７は、スペーサボールを分散させた熱硬化性のエポキシ樹脂接着剤やアクリル樹脂接着剤等をスクリーン印刷等の方法で印刷して形成する。ここで使われるスペーサボールは上基板１１と下基板１との隙間を一定隙間に保持するために設けるもので、所定の大きさの絶縁性のあるプラスチックボールやファイバーガラス等が利用される。このプラスチックボールやファイバーガラスの大きさは、上基板１１の透明基板１２の材質や厚さによって異なるが、０．２ｍｍのマイクロガラスを使用した場合は概ね１０μｍ前後の径のものが選択される。このシール材１７は上基板１１または下基板１の何れか一方に印刷した後、上基板１１と下基板１とを位置を合わせて貼合わせ、加圧の下で加熱処理を施して硬化させ、接着固定を行っている。また、このシール材１７は上基板１１と下基板１を固定する役目と共に内部に水分やゴミ等の進入を防止するシールの役目も持っている   The sealing material 17 is formed by printing a thermosetting epoxy resin adhesive or acrylic resin adhesive in which spacer balls are dispersed by a method such as screen printing. The spacer balls used here are provided in order to keep the gap between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 1 at a constant gap, and an insulating plastic ball or fiber glass having a predetermined size is used. The size of this plastic ball or fiber glass varies depending on the material and thickness of the transparent substrate 12 of the upper substrate 11, but when a 0.2 mm micro glass is used, one having a diameter of approximately 10 μm is selected. After this sealant 17 is printed on either the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 1, the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 1 are aligned and bonded, subjected to heat treatment under pressure and cured, Adhesive fixing is performed. In addition, the sealing material 17 has a role of fixing the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 1 and also has a role of a seal for preventing moisture and dust from entering inside.

偏光板１８と位相差板１６は防眩性を高めて透視性や表示品質を良くするために設けている。偏光板１８は、様々なものが使用されているが一例をあげると、ポリビニールアルコールフイルムを常法により一軸延伸することによって厚さが２０μｍの偏光フイルムを作成し、この両面に厚さが８０μｍのセルロース系フイルムを張り合わせて厚さ１８０μｍの偏光板としたもの等が利用できる。また、位相差板１６は、ポリカーボネイトを素材として形成され、厚さ８０μｍ程度である。   The polarizing plate 18 and the retardation plate 16 are provided in order to improve the anti-glare property and improve the transparency and display quality. Various polarizing plates 18 are used. For example, a polarizing film having a thickness of 20 μm is formed by uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film by a conventional method, and a thickness of 80 μm is formed on both sides thereof. A polarizing plate having a thickness of 180 μm can be used by laminating the cellulose-based film. The phase difference plate 16 is made of polycarbonate and has a thickness of about 80 μm.

図１２はペンで上基板１１を押圧したときの押圧状態を示した模式図である。上記構成を取るタッチパネル２０の上基板１１を構成する可撓性のある上透明基板１２をペン１０１で図中入力点Ｐで示した位置を押圧すると、上透明基板１２が撓んで上透明電極１３が下基板１の下透明電極３に接触し、その接触位置で電気的導通が図られる。そして、押圧入力点Ｐの入力位置が読みとられる。   FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a pressing state when the upper substrate 11 is pressed with a pen. When the flexible upper transparent substrate 12 constituting the upper substrate 11 of the touch panel 20 having the above configuration is pressed with the pen 101 at the position indicated by the input point P in the figure, the upper transparent substrate 12 is bent and the upper transparent electrode 13 is bent. Comes into contact with the lower transparent electrode 3 of the lower substrate 1, and electrical conduction is achieved at the contact position. Then, the input position of the pressing input point P is read.

ここで、押圧入力点Ｐの位置座標は図１３に示す原理に基づいて求めている。図１３は座標入力の原理を説明する模式的回路図を示していて、（ａ）図はＸ軸側の座標読取りパネルに電圧を印加した状態を示しており、（ｂ）図はＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルに電圧を印加した状態を示している。ここで、Ｘ１はＸ軸側の座標読取りパネルで、透明電極Ｔ２とその対向する二辺に設けられた一対の導電電極Ｄ２とが主構成部品になって構成されていて、前述の図８〜１１で説明した上透明電極１３と上導電電極１４、１５を設けた上基板１１がＸ軸側の座標読取りパネルの役割を成している。また、Ｙ１はＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルで、透明電極Ｔ１とその対向する二辺に設けられた一対の導電電極Ｄ１とが主構成部品になって構成されていて、前述の図８〜１１で説明した下透明電極３と下導電電極４、５を設けた下基板１がＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルの役割を成している。３１はスイッチ、３２は定電圧電源、３３は電圧計である。更に、図示はしていないが、この回路にはＡ／Ｄ変換ボードやＩ／Ｏボードなどが接続されていて、位置座標が求められるようになっている。   Here, the position coordinates of the pressing input point P are obtained based on the principle shown in FIG. 13A and 13B are schematic circuit diagrams for explaining the principle of coordinate input. FIG. 13A shows a state in which a voltage is applied to the coordinate reading panel on the X axis side, and FIG. 13B shows the Y axis side. This shows a state where a voltage is applied to the coordinate reading panel. Here, X1 is a coordinate reading panel on the X-axis side, and is composed of a transparent electrode T2 and a pair of conductive electrodes D2 provided on two opposite sides thereof as main components. 11, the upper substrate 11 provided with the upper transparent electrode 13 and the upper conductive electrodes 14 and 15 serves as a coordinate reading panel on the X-axis side. Y1 is a coordinate reading panel on the Y-axis side, and is composed of a transparent electrode T1 and a pair of conductive electrodes D1 provided on two opposite sides as main components. The lower substrate 1 provided with the lower transparent electrode 3 and the lower conductive electrodes 4 and 5 described in the above serves as a coordinate reading panel on the Y-axis side. 31 is a switch, 32 is a constant voltage power source, and 33 is a voltmeter. Further, although not shown, an A / D conversion board, an I / O board, etc. are connected to this circuit so that position coordinates can be obtained.

図１３の（ａ）図に示すように、Ｘ軸側の座標読取りパネルＸ１に定電圧電源３２を介して電圧を印加した状態で、ペン１０１で入力点Ｐの位置を押圧すると、Ｘ軸側の座標読取りパネルＸ１の接触点ＰｘとＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルＹ１の接触点Ｐｙで、電圧が対面するＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルＹ１側に分圧して流れる。このとき、パネルＹ１側の抵抗ＹＲ２が電圧計３３の内部抵抗値に比べて非常に小さく無視できる値であるので、電圧計３３にはパネルＸ１側の抵抗ＸＲ２に対する電圧値が示される。   As shown in FIG. 13A, when a voltage is applied to the coordinate reading panel X1 on the X-axis side via the constant voltage power supply 32, the position of the input point P is pressed with the pen 101, the X-axis side At the contact point Px of the coordinate reading panel X1 and the contact point Py of the coordinate reading panel Y1 on the Y-axis side, the voltage is divided and flows toward the coordinate reading panel Y1 side on the Y-axis side facing each other. At this time, since the resistance YR2 on the panel Y1 side is very small and negligible compared to the internal resistance value of the voltmeter 33, the voltmeter 33 shows the voltage value for the resistance XR2 on the panel X1 side.

次に、（ｂ）図に示すように、スイッチ３１を切り替えてＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルＹ１に電圧を印加すると、接触点Ｐｙの電圧が接触点ＰｘでＸ軸の座標読取りパネルＸ１側に分圧して流れる。このとき、パネＸ１側の抵抗ＸＲ２が電圧計３３の内部抵抗値に比べて非常に小さく無視できる値であるので、電圧計３３にはパネルＹ１側の抵抗ＹＲ２に対する電圧値が示される。   Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the switch 31 is switched and a voltage is applied to the coordinate reading panel Y1 on the Y axis side, the voltage at the contact point Py is changed to the coordinate reading panel X1 side on the X axis at the contact point Px. It flows with partial pressure. At this time, since the resistance XR2 on the panel X1 side is very small and negligible compared to the internal resistance value of the voltmeter 33, the voltmeter 33 shows the voltage value for the resistance YR2 on the panel Y1 side.

このように、入力点におけるＸ軸側の座標読取りパネル、及び、Ｙ軸側の座標読取りパネルの電圧値を検出して、この電圧値を印加電圧との比から入力点ＰのＸ軸、Ｙ軸の位置座標が算出される。以上述べた求め方は電圧値を検出して位置座標を求める方法であるが、抵抗値を検出して抵抗値を基にして位置座標を算出することも当然できる。   Thus, the voltage values of the coordinate reading panel on the X-axis side and the coordinate reading panel on the Y-axis side at the input point are detected, and this voltage value is calculated from the ratio of the applied voltage to the X-axis and Y of the input point P. The position coordinates of the axis are calculated. The method described above is a method of detecting the voltage value to determine the position coordinate, but it is naturally possible to detect the resistance value and calculate the position coordinate based on the resistance value.

ところで、上記で述べたＸ軸側の座標読取りパネルＸ１、即ち、タッチパネル２０の上基板１１に形成する上透明電極１３は方形の形状を取っている。また同様に、Ｙ軸側の座標読取りパネルＹ１、即ち、タッチパネル２０の下基板１に形成する下透明電極３も方形の形状を取っている。このようなことから、上基板１１、並びに下基板１も方形形状に形成していて、大方のタッチパネルは方形なる矩形形状を取っている。そして、タッチパネルを用いた画面入力型表示装置にあっては、その大方の入力画面は矩形形状を成している。   By the way, the above-described coordinate reading panel X1 on the X-axis side, that is, the upper transparent electrode 13 formed on the upper substrate 11 of the touch panel 20 has a rectangular shape. Similarly, the coordinate reading panel Y1 on the Y axis side, that is, the lower transparent electrode 3 formed on the lower substrate 1 of the touch panel 20 has a rectangular shape. For this reason, the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 1 are also formed in a square shape, and most touch panels have a rectangular rectangular shape. And in a screen input type display device using a touch panel, most of the input screens have a rectangular shape.

従って、従来の画面入力型表示装置の入力画面は四角張った矩形形状の入力画面しかできず、デザイン面で大きな制約を持っている。そして、丸い形状の入力画面を求める画面入力型表示装置などには丸い形状のタッチパネルを供給することができなかった。   Therefore, the input screen of the conventional screen input type display device can only be a rectangular input screen having a square shape, and has a great restriction in terms of design. In addition, a round touch panel cannot be supplied to a screen input type display device that requires a round input screen.

本発明は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは丸い形状のタッチパネルを供給するものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a round touch panel.

上記の課題を解決する手段として、本発明の請求項１に記載のタッチパネルは、可撓性を有する上透明基板の下面に設けた略円形をなす上透明電極と、該上透明電極の面上で、その外周領域の一部分に外周辺に対向する形で設けた一定長の直線からなる基準導電電極と、該基準導電電極と同じ長さで且つ外周領域に沿って前記基準導電電極と平行に設けた複数のサーチ導電電極と、を有する上基板と、下透明基板の上面に設けた略円形をなす下透明電極と、該下透明電極の面上で、その外周領域の一部分に外周辺に対向する形で設けた一定長の直線からなる基準導電電極と、該基準導電電極と同じ長さで且つ外周領域に沿って前記基準導電電極と平行に設けた複数のサーチ導電電極と、前記下透明電極の上面に設けたドットスペーサと、を有する下基板と、を一定の隙間を持たせて前記上基板の基準導電電極と前記下基板の基準導電電極とが９０度ずれた位置でもって対面して配置し、シール材で前記上下基板の外周域を接着固定したことを特徴とするものである。   As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, the touch panel according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a substantially transparent upper transparent electrode provided on the lower surface of the flexible upper transparent substrate, and a surface of the upper transparent electrode. And a reference conductive electrode comprising a straight line of a fixed length provided in a part of the outer peripheral region so as to face the outer periphery, and the same length as the reference conductive electrode and parallel to the reference conductive electrode along the outer peripheral region. An upper substrate having a plurality of search conductive electrodes provided; a lower transparent electrode having a substantially circular shape provided on an upper surface of the lower transparent substrate; and a portion of an outer peripheral region on the outer transparent surface on the surface of the lower transparent electrode. A reference conductive electrode made of a straight line of a fixed length provided in an opposing manner, a plurality of search conductive electrodes having the same length as the reference conductive electrode and parallel to the reference conductive electrode along an outer peripheral region; A dot spacer provided on the upper surface of the transparent electrode. The lower conductive substrate is placed facing each other at a position where the reference conductive electrode of the upper substrate and the reference conductive electrode of the lower substrate are shifted by 90 degrees with a certain gap, and a sealing material is used to The outer peripheral area is adhesively fixed.

また、本発明の請求項２に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上下基板を対面して配置したとき、前記上基板の略円形をなす上透明電極の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極及びサーチ導電電極の中心と、前記下基板の略円形をなす下透明電極の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極及びサーチ導電電極の中心とが、前記上基板の上面方向より見て略同一位置に配置されることを特徴とするものである。   In the touch panel according to claim 2 of the present invention, when the upper and lower substrates are arranged to face each other, the reference conductive electrode and the search conductive electrode provided in the outer peripheral region of the upper transparent electrode forming a substantially circular shape of the upper substrate. The center and the center of the reference conductive electrode and the search conductive electrode provided in the outer peripheral region of the lower transparent electrode forming a substantially circular shape of the lower substrate are disposed at substantially the same position when viewed from the upper surface direction of the upper substrate. It is a feature.

また、本発明の請求項３に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上基板並びに下基板の前記基準導電電極と平行に設ける複数のサーチ導電電極は、基準導電電極との間で構成される平行四辺形のそれぞれがタッチパネルのアクティブエリアの範囲内において隙間なくつながり、且つ、隣の平行四辺形の領域内にサーチ導電電極が入り込まない位置に設けることを特徴とするものである。   In the touch panel according to claim 3 of the present invention, the plurality of search conductive electrodes provided in parallel with the reference conductive electrodes of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are parallelograms formed between the reference conductive electrodes. Each of them is connected in the active area of the touch panel without a gap, and is provided at a position where the search conductive electrode does not enter the adjacent parallelogram region.

また、本発明の請求項４に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上下基板の基準導電電極及びそれぞれ複数のサーチ導電電極には所定の電圧が印加されると共に、複数のサーチ導電電極には順次切り替わって電圧が印加されることを特徴とするものである。   In the touch panel according to claim 4 of the present invention, a predetermined voltage is applied to the reference conductive electrodes of the upper and lower substrates and each of the plurality of search conductive electrodes, and the voltage is switched to the plurality of search conductive electrodes sequentially. Is applied.

また、本発明の請求項５に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上下基板のアクティブエリア内で押圧入力点のＸ軸方向及びＹ軸方向の位置座標を算出する際に、検出された電圧値が複数のサーチ導電電極にて存在する場合は、一番大きい電圧値を示すサーチ導電電極を選択し、その電圧値を基にして位置座標を算出することを特徴とするものである。   The touch panel according to claim 5 of the present invention has a plurality of detected voltage values when calculating the position coordinates in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the press input point in the active area of the upper and lower substrates. When it exists in the search conductive electrode, the search conductive electrode which shows the largest voltage value is selected, and a position coordinate is calculated based on the voltage value.

また、本発明の請求項６に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上下の透明電極は同一形状・同一大きさであることを特徴とするものである。   The touch panel according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the upper and lower transparent electrodes have the same shape and the same size.

また、本発明の請求項７に記載のタッチパネルは、前記上下基板は略丸形状をなしていることを特徴とするものである。   The touch panel according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that the upper and lower substrates have a substantially round shape.

また、本発明の請求項８に記載のタッチパネルは、前記対面して配置した上下基板で、上基板の基準導電電極又はサーチ導電電極と下基板の基準導電電極又はサーチ導電電極とが少なくとも重畳する部分に絶縁スペーサを挟設したことを特徴とするものである。   In the touch panel according to claim 8 of the present invention, the reference conductive electrode or search conductive electrode of the upper substrate and the reference conductive electrode or search conductive electrode of the lower substrate overlap at least in the upper and lower substrates arranged facing each other. An insulating spacer is sandwiched between the portions.

また、本発明の請求項９に記載の画面入力型表示装置は、液晶表示装置などの表示装置の上面にタッチパネルを備えている画面入力型表示装置であって、前記請求項１乃至８のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネルを備えて、略円形の入力画面を有していることを特徴とするものである。   A screen input type display device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is a screen input type display device having a touch panel on the upper surface of a display device such as a liquid crystal display device. The touch panel according to claim 1 is provided, and the input screen has a substantially circular input screen.

請求項１に記載の発明により、上下の透明電極を丸い形状にすることができる。また、請求項７に記載の発明の下で、丸い形状のタッチパネルを得ることができる。そして、請求項４、５に記載の発明により、入力点の位置座標をより正確に算出することができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower transparent electrodes can be rounded. Moreover, under the invention described in claim 7, a round touch panel can be obtained. According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention, the position coordinates of the input point can be calculated more accurately.

また、請求項２に記載の発明により、押圧入力点の位置座標を正確に求めることができる。また、アクティブエリヤをより広く取れる。   In addition, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the position coordinates of the pressing input point can be accurately obtained. Moreover, the active area can be taken more widely.

また、請求項３に記載の発明により、アクティブエリヤ内での位置座標検出がもれなく行える。このことは、アクティブエリヤを広げる効果を生む。また、検出する位置座標に精度が高まる。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, position coordinates can be detected in the active area without any problems. This produces the effect of expanding the active area. In addition, the accuracy of the position coordinates to be detected increases.

また、請求項６に記載の発明により、上下基板の大きさを同じ大きさにすることができると共に、最小限の大きさでアクティブエリヤを有効に利用することができる。   According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower substrates can be made the same size, and the active area can be effectively used with a minimum size.

また、請求項８に記載の発明により、短絡不良の防止と狭額縁化のタッチパネルが得られる。   Further, according to the invention described in claim 8, a touch panel with prevention of short circuit failure and narrowing of the frame can be obtained.

また、請求項９に記載の発明により、丸形形状の入力画面を持った画面入力型表示装置が得られ、デザインバリエーションを増やすことができる。   Moreover, according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a screen input type display device having a round input screen can be obtained, and design variations can be increased.

以下、本発明の最良の実施形態を図１〜７を用いて説明する。図１は本発明の実施形態に係るタッチパネルの平面図を示している。図２は図１におけるＧ−Ｇ断面図、図３は図１における上基板の平面図、図４は図１における下基板の平面図である。また、図５は図３における基準導電電極とサーチ導電電極の配置状況を説明する説明図を示している。また、図６は押圧入力点のＸ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図、図７は押圧入力点のＹ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図を示している。   Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the upper substrate in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the lower substrate in FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the arrangement of the reference conductive electrode and the search conductive electrode in FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining position coordinates on the X-axis side of the press input point, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining position coordinates on the Y-axis side of the press input point.

図１、２、３、４より、本発明の実施形態に係るタッチパネル４０は、丸い形状の上基板５１と略丸い形状の下基板４１とを主要構成部品にして、この上基板５１と下基板４１とが一定の隙間をもってシール材５７でその外周域を接着固定した構造を取っている。また、下基板４１には、図中下方に僅かに突出した延設部を有しており、その延設部にＦＰＣ取付部Ｓを設けていて、このＦＰＣ取付部Ｓに外部との導通を取るＦＰＣ（図中省略）が接続できるようになっている。また、下基板４１の下面には下基板４１の形状に合わせた位相差板５６や、上基板５１の上面には上基板５１の形状に合わせた偏光板５８が設けられる。   1, 2, 3, and 4, the touch panel 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a round upper substrate 51 and a substantially round lower substrate 41 as main components, and the upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate. 41 has a structure in which the outer peripheral region is bonded and fixed with a sealing material 57 with a certain gap. In addition, the lower substrate 41 has an extending portion that slightly protrudes downward in the figure, and an FPC mounting portion S is provided in the extending portion, and the FPC mounting portion S is electrically connected to the outside. An FPC to be taken (not shown) can be connected. A phase difference plate 56 that matches the shape of the lower substrate 41 is provided on the lower surface of the lower substrate 41, and a polarizing plate 58 that matches the shape of the upper substrate 51 is provided on the upper surface of the upper substrate 51.

上基板５１は、可撓性を有して丸い形状をした上透明基板５２と、この上透明基板５２の下面に形成した丸い形状の上透明電極５３と、この上透明電極５３の面上で外周領域に沿って形成した１本の基準導電電極５４及び複数（図中では１１本）のサーチ導電電極５５（５５ａ、５５ｂ、５５ｃ、５５ｄ、５５ｅ、５５ｆ、５５ｇ、５５ｈ、５５ｉ、５５ｊ、５５ｋ）とから成っている。そして、１本の基準導電電極５４及び複数のサーチ導電電極５５は、何れも、外部と導通を図る引き回し配線パターンを持っており、その引き回し配線パターンのそれぞれの先端部は図中Ｃで示す部分に集合している。そして、この先端部は後述する下基板に設けた接続電極と接続するようになっている。ここで、１本の基準導電電極５４はカソード側の電極になっており、上透明電極５３の外周領域の一部分に外周辺と対向する形で所定の長さで直線状に形成される。一方、複数のサーチ導電電極５５はアノード側の電極になっており、それぞれ、基準導電電極５４と同じ長さでもって基準導電電極５４と平行に外周に沿って外周領域に形成される。   The upper substrate 51 is flexible and has a round upper transparent substrate 52, a round upper transparent electrode 53 formed on the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate 52, and a surface of the upper transparent electrode 53. One reference conductive electrode 54 and a plurality (11 in the figure) of search conductive electrodes 55 (55a, 55b, 55c, 55d, 55e, 55f, 55g, 55h, 55i, 55j, 55k) formed along the outer peripheral region. ). Each of the one reference conductive electrode 54 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 has a lead wiring pattern that is electrically connected to the outside, and each leading end portion of the lead wiring pattern is a portion indicated by C in the figure. Are gathered. And this front-end | tip part is connected with the connection electrode provided in the lower board | substrate mentioned later. Here, one reference conductive electrode 54 is an electrode on the cathode side, and is formed linearly with a predetermined length in a part of the outer peripheral region of the upper transparent electrode 53 so as to face the outer periphery. On the other hand, the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 are anode-side electrodes, each of which has the same length as the reference conductive electrode 54 and is formed in the outer peripheral region along the outer periphery in parallel with the reference conductive electrode 54.

図５は上記の基準導電電極５４とサーチ導電電極５５の配置状況を示したもので、説明に必要な部分には細線、斜線などを施してある。図より、丸い形状の上透明電極５３の中央左端側、外周領域の一部分に外周辺５３ａと対向する形で、所定の長さの基準導電電極５４が設けられている。また、外周領域に沿ってサーチ導電電極５５が複数、即ち、サーチ導電電極５５ａ、５５ｂ、５５ｃ、５５ｄ、５５ｅ、５５ｆ、５５ｇ、５５ｈ、５５ｉ、５５ｊ、５５ｋが基準導電電極５４と平行に設けられている。この複数のサーチ導電電極５５の長さは基準導電電極５４と同じ長さになっている。従って、各々のサーチ導電電極５５は基準導電電極５４と向き合って平行四辺形を構成することができる。一例として、相い隣り合うサーチ導電電極５５ｈと５５ｉを取り上げて見ると、サーチ導電電極５５ｈは基準導電電極５４とで平行四辺形Ｍを構成する。また、サーチ導電電極５５ｉは基準導電電極５４とで平行四辺形Ｎを構成する。この平行四辺形ＭとＮは、一部の領域を共有して、双方隙間なくつながっている。また、平行四辺形Ｍの領域の中にサーチ導電電極５５ｉが入り込むこともない。このように、各々のサーチ導電電極５５は、基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形が相い隣り合うサーチ導電電極が構成する平行四辺形と隙間を持つことなく、また、その平行四辺形の領域内に電極が入り込むことなく形成する。ここで、一部領域を共有して隣り合って構成された平行四辺形ＭとＮに隙間があると、その隙間部分は正常な電圧値が検出されない。従って、その隙間部分を押圧しても位置座標の算出ができないか、もしくは、異常な位置座標が算出されてくる。また、隣の平行四辺形の領域にサーチ導電電極が入り込むと、それが元で、隣のサーチ導電電極と基準導電電極との間に発生する正常な電位差に影響を及ぼす。これは、検出する電圧値の精度に影響を及ぼす。   FIG. 5 shows an arrangement state of the reference conductive electrode 54 and the search conductive electrode 55, and thin lines, diagonal lines, etc. are given to portions necessary for the description. As shown in the figure, a reference conductive electrode 54 having a predetermined length is provided on the left end side of the center of the upper transparent electrode 53 having a round shape and on a part of the outer peripheral region so as to face the outer periphery 53a. In addition, a plurality of search conductive electrodes 55, that is, search conductive electrodes 55a, 55b, 55c, 55d, 55e, 55f, 55g, 55h, 55i, 55j, and 55k are provided in parallel with the reference conductive electrode 54 along the outer peripheral region. ing. The plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 have the same length as the reference conductive electrode 54. Accordingly, each search conductive electrode 55 can face the reference conductive electrode 54 to form a parallelogram. As an example, when the search conductive electrodes 55h and 55i adjacent to each other are taken up, the search conductive electrode 55h and the reference conductive electrode 54 form a parallelogram M. Further, the search conductive electrode 55 i forms a parallelogram N with the reference conductive electrode 54. The parallelograms M and N share a partial area and are connected to each other without a gap. In addition, the search conductive electrode 55 i does not enter the region of the parallelogram M. In this way, each search conductive electrode 55 has a parallelogram formed by the reference conductive electrode 54 and has no gap with the parallelogram formed by the adjacent search conductive electrodes, and the parallelogram. The electrode is formed without entering the region. Here, if there is a gap between the parallelograms M and N configured adjacent to each other by sharing a partial area, a normal voltage value is not detected in the gap. Therefore, the position coordinates cannot be calculated even when the gap is pressed, or abnormal position coordinates are calculated. In addition, when the search conductive electrode enters the adjacent parallelogram region, it affects the normal potential difference generated between the adjacent search conductive electrode and the reference conductive electrode. This affects the accuracy of the voltage value to be detected.

ここで、基準導電電極５４と複数のサーチ導電電極５５とは同じ長さを取るが、長さを長く取るとサーチ導電電極の数を少なくすることができるが、反面、アクティブエリヤの面積が狭くなる。また、長さを短く取るとアクティブエリヤの面積を広くすることができるが、サーチ導電電極の数が増える。必要とされるアクティブエリヤの面積、タッチパネルの大きさなどを考慮して適宜に電極の長さを設定するのが望ましい。   Here, the reference conductive electrode 54 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 have the same length, but if the length is increased, the number of search conductive electrodes can be reduced, but the area of the active area is narrow. Become. If the length is shortened, the area of the active area can be increased, but the number of search conductive electrodes increases. It is desirable to set the length of the electrode appropriately in consideration of the required area of the active area, the size of the touch panel, and the like.

下基板４１は、図中下方の突出部にＦＰＣ取付部Ｓを設けた略丸形状の下透明基板４２と、この下透明基板４２の上面に形成した丸い形状の下透明電極４３と、この下透明電極４３の面上で外周領域に沿って形成した１本の基準導電電極４４及び複数（図中では１１本）のサーチ導電電極４５（４５ａ、４５ｂ、４５ｃ、４５ｄ、４５ｅ、４５ｆ、４５ｇ、４５ｈ、４５ｉ、４５ｊ、４５ｋ）と、上透明電極４３の面上にマトリックス状に形成したドットスペーサ４８と、ＦＰＣ取付部ＳのＨで示す部分に設けた複数の接続電極４６とから成っている。ここで、１本の基準導電電極４４及び複数のサーチ導電電極４５は、何れも、電圧を印加するための外部との導通を図る引き回し配線パターンを持っており、その引き回し配線パターンのそれぞれの先端部は図中ＦＰＣ取付部ＳのIで示す部分に集合している。このＦＰＣ取付部Ｓの所に図示しないＦＰＣが取れ付かれるようになっている。また、１本の基準導電電極４４はカソード側の電極になっており、丸い外周辺と対向する形で所定の長さで直線状に形成される。一方、アノード側の電極として複数のサーチ導電電極４５が、それぞれ、基準導電電極４４と同じ長さでもって基準導電電極４４と平行に外周領域の外周に沿って形成される。   The lower substrate 41 includes a substantially transparent lower transparent substrate 42 provided with an FPC attachment portion S at a lower protruding portion in the figure, a round lower transparent electrode 43 formed on the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate 42, One reference conductive electrode 44 and a plurality of (11 in the figure) search conductive electrodes 45 (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e, 45f, 45g) formed along the outer peripheral region on the surface of the transparent electrode 43, 45h, 45i, 45j, 45k), dot spacers 48 formed in a matrix on the surface of the upper transparent electrode 43, and a plurality of connection electrodes 46 provided in the portion indicated by H of the FPC mounting portion S. . Here, each of the one reference conductive electrode 44 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 45 has a lead wiring pattern for conducting electrical connection to the outside for applying a voltage, and each leading end of the lead wiring pattern. The portions are gathered at a portion indicated by I of the FPC attachment portion S in the drawing. An FPC (not shown) is attached to the FPC attachment portion S. One reference conductive electrode 44 is a cathode-side electrode, and is formed in a straight line with a predetermined length so as to face a round outer periphery. On the other hand, a plurality of search conductive electrodes 45 as electrodes on the anode side are formed along the outer periphery of the outer peripheral region with the same length as the reference conductive electrode 44 and in parallel with the reference conductive electrode 44.

ここで、１本の基準導電電極４４と複数（図中では１１本）のサーチ導電電極４５ａ、４５ｂ、４５ｃ、４５ｄ、４５ｅ、４５ｆ、４５ｇ、４５ｈ、４５ｉ、４５ｊ、４５ｋは、同じ長さで、且つ、平行になっている。この配置方法は前述した上基板５１の基準導電電極５４と複数のサーチ導電電極５５と全く同じ方法を取る。   Here, one reference conductive electrode 44 and a plurality of (11 in the figure) search conductive electrodes 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e, 45f, 45g, 45h, 45i, 45j, and 45k have the same length. And they are parallel. This arrangement method is exactly the same as the reference conductive electrode 54 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 of the upper substrate 51 described above.

複数の接続電極４６は、前述した上基板５１の基準導電電極５４、及び複数のサーチ導電電極５５に接続を取るために設けるもので、それらの電極の数だけ設けられる。そして、上基板５１と下基板４１とが一定の隙間を持って接合される時に、導電性接着剤などを介して接続電極４６と上基板５１の基準導電電極５４、及びサーチ導電電極５５とがそれぞれ接合されて導通が図られる。   The plurality of connection electrodes 46 are provided in order to establish connection with the reference conductive electrode 54 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55 of the upper substrate 51 described above, and are provided by the number of those electrodes. When the upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate 41 are bonded with a certain gap, the connection electrode 46, the reference conductive electrode 54 of the upper substrate 51, and the search conductive electrode 55 are connected via a conductive adhesive or the like. Each is joined and conduction is achieved.

ここで、本実施の形態では、下基板４１の下透明電極４３と上基板５１の上透明電極５３は全く同じ大きさで形成している。従って、図に示すように、下基板４１と上基板５１とを対面して組み付けたときには上基板５１の基準導電電極５４やサーチ導電電極５５と下基板４１の基準導電電極４４やサーチ導電電極４５とが一部分で重畳する部分がでてくる。また、本実施の形態では、丸い形状の上基板５１と下基板４１とを同じ大きさに形成している。従って、上基板５１の基準導電電極５４やサーチ導電電極５５の引き回しパターンと下基板４１の基準導電電極４４やサーチ導電電極４５の引き回しパターンとが一部分において重畳する部分がでてくる。この重畳した部分でお互いの電極が短絡しないようにするために、その重畳した隙間部分に絶縁スペーサ５９を挟設している。この絶縁スペーサ５９はシート状のものを挟んでも良いし、絶縁塗料を塗布したものでも良い。このように、下基板の導電電極と上基板の導電電極を重畳するような構造を取れば、狭額縁化の効果を得る。また、下透明電極４３と上透明電極５３を同じ大きさに形成し、それに合わせて下基板４１と上基板５１とを丸形状で同じ大きさに形成することによって、無駄のない、面積良好率の良い大きさのタッチパネルを作ることができ、小型化への効果も得られる。尚、本発明においては、下透明電極４３と上透明電極５３とが必ずしも同じ大きさである必要はなく、相似形であっても良いものである。   Here, in the present embodiment, the lower transparent electrode 43 of the lower substrate 41 and the upper transparent electrode 53 of the upper substrate 51 are formed with the same size. Accordingly, as shown in the figure, when the lower substrate 41 and the upper substrate 51 are assembled facing each other, the reference conductive electrode 54 and the search conductive electrode 55 of the upper substrate 51 and the reference conductive electrode 44 and the search conductive electrode 45 of the lower substrate 41 are assembled. The part which overlaps with part appears. In the present embodiment, the round upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate 41 are formed in the same size. Therefore, there is a portion where the routing pattern of the reference conductive electrode 54 and the search conductive electrode 55 of the upper substrate 51 and the routing pattern of the reference conductive electrode 44 and the search conductive electrode 45 of the lower substrate 41 partially overlap. In order to prevent the electrodes from being short-circuited at the overlapped portion, an insulating spacer 59 is interposed between the overlapped gap portions. The insulating spacer 59 may be sandwiched between sheets, or may be coated with an insulating paint. As described above, if the conductive electrode on the lower substrate and the conductive electrode on the upper substrate are overlapped, the effect of narrowing the frame can be obtained. In addition, the lower transparent electrode 43 and the upper transparent electrode 53 are formed in the same size, and the lower substrate 41 and the upper substrate 51 are formed in the same shape in a round shape accordingly. A touch panel with a good size can be made, and an effect for miniaturization can be obtained. In the present invention, the lower transparent electrode 43 and the upper transparent electrode 53 do not necessarily have the same size, and may be similar in shape.

上記の上基板５１と下基板４１とを、上基板５１の基準導電電極５４と下基板４１の基準導電電極４４とが丁度９０度ずれた位置で対面して配置し、一定の隙間を設けてシール材５７でその外周部を接合する。このときに、上記で述べた重畳する部分の隙間にき絶縁スペーサ５９を挟設する。また、下基板４１に設けた接続電極４６と上基板５１の各電極のパターンとをその先端部において導電性接着剤を介して接合する。上基板５１の基準導電電極５４と下基板４１の基準導電電極４４とが丁度９０度ずれた位置で上基板５１と下基板４１とを対面して一定の隙間を設けて貼合せたとき、上基板５１の丸い上透明電極５３の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極５４とサーチ導電電極５５の中心と、下基板４１の丸い下透明電極４３の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極４４とサーチ導電電極４５の中心とが同じ位置にくるようになっていることが必要である。ずれていると位置座標精度が悪く現れると共に、アクティブエリヤを狭くする。   The upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate 41 are arranged facing each other at a position where the reference conductive electrode 54 of the upper substrate 51 and the reference conductive electrode 44 of the lower substrate 41 are shifted by 90 degrees, and a certain gap is provided. The outer peripheral part is joined with the sealing material 57. At this time, the insulating spacer 59 is sandwiched between the overlapping portions described above. Further, the connection electrode 46 provided on the lower substrate 41 and the pattern of each electrode of the upper substrate 51 are bonded to each other through a conductive adhesive at the tip portion. When the reference conductive electrode 54 of the upper substrate 51 and the reference conductive electrode 44 of the lower substrate 41 are just 90 degrees apart from each other, the upper substrate 51 and the lower substrate 41 face each other and are bonded with a certain gap therebetween. The center of the reference conductive electrode 54 and the search conductive electrode 55 provided in the outer peripheral region of the round upper transparent electrode 53 of the substrate 51, and the reference conductive electrode 44 and the search conductive electrode provided in the peripheral region of the round lower transparent electrode 43 of the lower substrate 41. It is necessary that the center of 45 comes to the same position. If the position is shifted, the position coordinate accuracy is deteriorated and the active area is narrowed.

上基板５１に設ける基準導電電極５４、サーチ導電電極５５及びそれらの引き回しパターン、並びに、下基板４１に設ける基準導電電極４４、サーチ導電電極４５及びそれらの引き回しパターンや接続電極４６は、銀粉や銅粉などの高導電性金属粉を熱硬化性のエポキシ樹脂などに混ぜ合わせてインク化し、それをスクリーン印刷などの印刷方法で形成する。厚みは略２〜４μｍの厚みで形成する。また、上下の透明基板５２、４２、上下の透明電極５３、４３、シール材５７などは前述の背景技術で説明した従来のものと同じ仕様のものを使用する。従って、これらの構成部品の詳細説明はここでは省略する。   The reference conductive electrode 54, the search conductive electrode 55 and their routing pattern provided on the upper substrate 51, and the reference conductive electrode 44, the search conductive electrode 45 and their routing pattern and connection electrode 46 provided on the lower substrate 41 are made of silver powder or copper. A highly conductive metal powder such as powder is mixed with a thermosetting epoxy resin to form an ink, which is formed by a printing method such as screen printing. The thickness is approximately 2 to 4 μm. The upper and lower transparent substrates 52 and 42, the upper and lower transparent electrodes 53 and 43, the sealing material 57, and the like have the same specifications as those of the conventional one described in the background art. Therefore, detailed description of these components is omitted here.

次に、上記の構成を取るタッチパネルの上基板を押圧して入力指示を行ったときの押圧入力点の位置座標を求める求め方について図６、図７を用いて説明する。図６は押圧入力点のＸ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図で、図７は押圧入力点のＹ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図を示している。背景技術の中で説明したように、入力点のＸ軸側の位置座標は上基板側での検出電圧値から求めることから、図６は上基板５１の基準導電電極５４と複数のサーチ導電電極５５の配置した図を用いている。同様に、入力点のＹ軸側の位置座標は下基板側での検出電圧値から求めるので、図７は下基板４１の基準導電電極４４と複数のサーチ導電電極４５の配置した図を用いている。   Next, how to obtain the position coordinates of the press input point when an input instruction is issued by pressing the upper substrate of the touch panel having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining position coordinates on the X-axis side of the press input point, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining position coordinates on the Y-axis side of the press input point. As described in the background art, since the position coordinate on the X-axis side of the input point is obtained from the detected voltage value on the upper substrate side, FIG. 6 shows the reference conductive electrode 54 of the upper substrate 51 and a plurality of search conductive electrodes. The figure which arranged 55 is used. Similarly, since the position coordinates on the Y-axis side of the input point are obtained from the detected voltage value on the lower substrate side, FIG. 7 uses a diagram in which the reference conductive electrode 44 and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 45 of the lower substrate 41 are arranged. Yes.

最初に、入力点のＸ軸側の位置座標の求め方について説明する。図６において、ｌ１、ｌ２、ｌ３は基準導電電極５４とサーチ導電電極５５ｉ、５５ｈ、５５ｇとのＸ軸側のそれぞれの距離を表している。サーチ導電電極５５ｉ、５５ｈ、５５ｇは基準導電電極５４から順次遠くなる位置に配置されているので、距離ｌ１、ｌ２、ｌ３はｌ１＜ｌ２＜ｌ３の関係にある。Ｐｘ１、Ｐｘ２、Ｐｘ３、Ｐｘ４は入力点を表していて、即ち、下基板４１の下透明電極４３と接触する上基板５１の上透明電極５３の接触点を示している。以降入力点と呼称して説明する。ここで、Ｐｘ１は、サーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にあって、尚かつ、サーチ導電電極５５ｈと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内やサーチ導電電極５５ｇと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にも入っている。即ち、Ｐｘ１の入力点は３つの平行四辺形にまたがって入る入力位置になっている。   First, how to obtain the position coordinates on the X axis side of the input point will be described. In FIG. 6, l1, l2, and l3 represent distances on the X-axis side between the reference conductive electrode 54 and the search conductive electrodes 55i, 55h, and 55g. Since the search conductive electrodes 55i, 55h, and 55g are sequentially arranged at positions far from the reference conductive electrode 54, the distances l1, l2, and l3 have a relationship of l1 <l2 <l3. Px1, Px2, Px3, and Px4 represent input points, that is, contact points of the upper transparent electrode 53 of the upper substrate 51 in contact with the lower transparent electrode 43 of the lower substrate 41. Hereinafter, the input point will be referred to for explanation. Here, Px1 is in a parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55i and the reference conductive electrode 54, and is a parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55h and the reference conductive electrode 54. And a parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55g and the reference conductive electrode 54. That is, the input point of Px1 is an input position that enters across three parallelograms.

また、基準導電電極５４はカソード側の電極になっており、複数のサーチ導電電極５５ａ〜５５ｋはアノード側の電極になっている。この複数のサーチ導電電極５５ａ〜５５ｋには、スイッチによって順次切り替わって一定の電圧が印加されるようになっている。例えば、基準導電電極５４には常時０Ｖの電圧が印加され、一方、サーチ導電電極には５Ｖの電圧が、５５ａ→５５ｂ→５５ｃ→・・・→５５ｇ→５５ｈ→５５ｉ→５５ｋと云うように順次切り替わって印加されるようになっている。上記３つの平行四辺形にまたがって入っている入力点Ｐｘ１は、サーチ導電電極５５ｉに電圧が印加されたとき、基準導電電極５４と向き合っていることからある電圧値が検出される。この検出された電圧値をＶiと表示すると、同様に、サーチ導電電極５５ｈに電圧が印加されたとき、基準導電電極５４と向き合っていることから電圧値Ｖh が検出される。また、サーチ導電電極５５ｇに電圧が印加されたとき、基準導電電極５４と向き合っていることから電圧値Ｖg が検出される。このようにして、入力点Ｐｘ１においてはＶi、Ｖh、Ｖg の３つの電圧値が検出されることになる。このように複数の電圧値が検出された場合は、その電圧値の一番大きい方を選択し、一番大きい電圧値が示された所のサーチ導電電極と基準導電電極との間における位置座標を求めるようにする。この場合、サーチ導電電極５５ｉ、５５ｈ、５５ｇと基準導電電極５４との距離関係はｌ１＜ｌ２＜ｌ３の関係にあるから、３つの検出電圧値はＶi＞Ｖh＞Ｖg の関係になる。従って、基準導電電極５４に一番近いサーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４との関係で検出される電圧値Ｖi を基にして、Ａ／Ｄ変換などによりＸ軸側の位置座標を算出する。   The reference conductive electrode 54 is a cathode side electrode, and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 55a to 55k are anode side electrodes. A plurality of search conductive electrodes 55a to 55k are sequentially switched by a switch so that a constant voltage is applied. For example, a voltage of 0V is always applied to the reference conductive electrode 54, while a voltage of 5V is applied to the search conductive electrode in order of 55a → 55b → 55c →... → 55g → 55h → 55i → 55k. Switching is applied. When a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55i, the input point Px1 that extends across the three parallelograms faces the reference conductive electrode 54, so that a certain voltage value is detected. When the detected voltage value is expressed as Vi, similarly, when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55h, the voltage value Vh is detected because it faces the reference conductive electrode 54. Further, when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55g, the voltage value Vg is detected because it faces the reference conductive electrode 54. In this way, three voltage values Vi, Vh, and Vg are detected at the input point Px1. When a plurality of voltage values are detected in this way, the largest voltage value is selected, and the position coordinates between the search conductive electrode and the reference conductive electrode where the largest voltage value is indicated. To ask. In this case, since the distance relationship between the search conductive electrodes 55i, 55h, and 55g and the reference conductive electrode 54 is a relationship of l1 <l2 <l3, the three detection voltage values have a relationship of Vi> Vh> Vg. Accordingly, based on the voltage value Vi detected by the relationship between the search conductive electrode 55i closest to the reference conductive electrode 54 and the reference conductive electrode 54, the position coordinate on the X-axis side is calculated by A / D conversion or the like.

次に、入力点Ｐｘ２の所では、サーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内とサーチ導電電極５５ｈと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内の２つの平行四辺形にまたがって入っている。従って、サーチ導電電極５５ｉに電圧が印加されたとき、基準導電電極５４と向き合っていることから電圧値が検出され、また、サーチ導電電極５５ｈに電圧が印加されたとき、基準導電電極５４と向き合っていることから電圧値が検出される。この場合２つの電圧値が得られる。この場合も大きい方の電圧値を選択する。即ち、基準導電電極５４に一番近いサーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４との関係で検出される電圧値の方が距離との関係から大きく現れるので、基準導電電極５４に一番近いサーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４との関係で検出される電圧値の方を選択してＡ／Ｄ変換などによりＸ軸側の位置座標を算出する。   Next, at the input point Px2, within the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55i and the reference conductive electrode 54 and within the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55h and the reference conductive electrode 54 It spans two parallelograms. Accordingly, when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55i, the voltage value is detected because it faces the reference conductive electrode 54, and when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55h, the voltage faces the reference conductive electrode 54. Therefore, the voltage value is detected. In this case, two voltage values are obtained. In this case as well, the larger voltage value is selected. That is, since the voltage value detected by the relationship between the search conductive electrode 55i closest to the reference conductive electrode 54 and the reference conductive electrode 54 appears larger from the relationship with the distance, the search conductive closest to the reference conductive electrode 54 is obtained. The voltage value detected based on the relationship between the electrode 55i and the reference conductive electrode 54 is selected, and the position coordinate on the X-axis side is calculated by A / D conversion or the like.

ここで、複数あるサーチ導電電極に順次切り替えて所定の電圧を印加したとき、入力点の位置によって複数の電圧値が得られる。この場合、一番大きい電圧値の方を選択する。基準導電電極に一番近いサーチ導電電極から得られる電圧値が一番大きく現れるが、その電圧値はサーチ導電電極と基準導電電極との距離が一番短い故に信頼性が非常に高いものが得られる。従って、算出した位置座標も信頼性が高くなる。   Here, when a predetermined voltage is applied by sequentially switching to a plurality of search conductive electrodes, a plurality of voltage values are obtained depending on the position of the input point. In this case, the largest voltage value is selected. The voltage value obtained from the search conductive electrode closest to the reference conductive electrode appears the largest, but the voltage value is very reliable because the distance between the search conductive electrode and the reference conductive electrode is the shortest. It is done. Therefore, the calculated position coordinates are also highly reliable.

次に、入力点Ｐｘ３の所では、入力点Ｐｘ３はサーチ導電電極５５ｉと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ位置している。従って、サーチ導電電極５５ｉに電圧が印加されたときにのみ電圧が検出されるので、その電圧値を基にしてＡ／Ｄ変換などによりＸ軸側の位置座標を算出する。入力点Ｐｘ４の所も、入力点Ｐｘ３と同様に、サーチ導電電極５５ｈと基準導電電極５４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ位置している。従って、サーチ導電電極５５ｈに電圧が印加されたときにのみ電圧が検出されるので、その電圧値を基にしてＡ／Ｄ変換などによりＸ軸側の位置座標を算出する。   Next, at the input point Px3, the input point Px3 is located only in the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55i and the reference conductive electrode 54. Accordingly, since the voltage is detected only when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55i, the position coordinate on the X-axis side is calculated by A / D conversion or the like based on the voltage value. Similarly to the input point Px3, the input point Px4 is located only in the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 55h and the reference conductive electrode 54. Therefore, since the voltage is detected only when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 55h, the position coordinate on the X-axis side is calculated by A / D conversion or the like based on the voltage value.

次に、入力点のＹ軸側の位置座標の求め方について図７を用いて説明する。図７に示すＰｙ１、Ｐｙ２、Ｐｙ３は、前述の図６で示した入力点Ｐｘ１、Ｐｘ２、Ｐｘ３と全く同じ位置における入力点を示していて、上基板５１の上透明電極５３と接触する下基板４１の下透明電極４３の接触点を表している。従って、図７におけるＰｙ１は図６における入力点Ｐｘ１と全く同じ位置における入力点を示している。同様に、Ｐｙ２は入力点Ｐｘ２と同位置の入力点、Ｐｙ３は入力点Ｐｘ３と同位置の入力点、Ｐｙ４は入力点Ｐｘ４と同位置の入力点を示している。また、ｈ１、ｈ２、ｈ３はサーチ導電電極４５ｈ、４５ｇ、４５ｆと基準導電電極４４とのＹ軸側におけるそれぞれの距離を表している。   Next, how to obtain the position coordinates of the input point on the Y-axis side will be described with reference to FIG. Py1, Py2, and Py3 shown in FIG. 7 indicate input points at exactly the same positions as the input points Px1, Px2, and Px3 shown in FIG. 6, and the lower substrate that contacts the upper transparent electrode 53 of the upper substrate 51 41 represents a contact point of the lower transparent electrode 43. Accordingly, Py1 in FIG. 7 indicates an input point at the same position as the input point Px1 in FIG. Similarly, Py2 indicates an input point at the same position as the input point Px2, Py3 indicates an input point at the same position as the input point Px3, and Py4 indicates an input point at the same position as the input point Px4. In addition, h1, h2, and h3 represent distances on the Y-axis side between the search conductive electrodes 45h, 45g, and 45f and the reference conductive electrode 44, respectively.

ここで、基準導電電極４４はカソード側の電極になっており、複数のサーチ導電電極４５ａ〜４５ｋはアノード側の電極になっている。この複数のサーチ導電電極４５ａ〜４５ｋには、前述の上基板５１のサーチ導電電極５５と同様に、スイッチによって順次切り替わって一定の電圧が印加されるようになっている。例えば、基準導電電極４４には常時０Ｖの電圧が印加され、一方、サーチ導電電極には５Ｖの電圧が、４５ａ→４５ｂ→４５ｃ→・・・→４５ｇ→４５ｈ→４５ｉ→４５ｋと云うように順次切り替わって印加されるようになっている。ここでの入力点Ｐｙ１は、サーチ導電電極４５ｈと基準導電電極４４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ入っているので、サーチ導電電極４５ｈに電圧を印可したしたときにのみ入力点Ｐｙ１の位置における電圧が検出される。従って、距離ｈ１離れたサーチ導電電極４５ｈと基準導電電極４４との関係から検出された電圧値を基にしてＡ／Ｄ変換などによりＹ軸側の位置座標が算出される。   Here, the reference conductive electrode 44 is a cathode-side electrode, and the plurality of search conductive electrodes 45a to 45k are anode-side electrodes. Similar to the search conductive electrode 55 of the upper substrate 51 described above, a constant voltage is applied to the plurality of search conductive electrodes 45a to 45k by being sequentially switched by a switch. For example, a voltage of 0V is always applied to the reference conductive electrode 44, while a voltage of 5V is applied to the search conductive electrode in order of 45a → 45b → 45c →... → 45g → 45h → 45i → 45k. Switching is applied. Since the input point Py1 here is included only in the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 45h and the reference conductive electrode 44, the input point Py1 is only applied when a voltage is applied to the search conductive electrode 45h. The voltage at the position is detected. Accordingly, the position coordinate on the Y-axis side is calculated by A / D conversion or the like based on the voltage value detected from the relationship between the search conductive electrode 45h and the reference conductive electrode 44 separated by the distance h1.

入力点Ｐｙ２、Ｐｙ３、Ｐｙ４は、入力点Ｐｙ１と同じように、入力点Ｐｙ２はサーチ導電電極４５ｇと基準導電電極４４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ入っている。また、入力点Ｐｙ３はサーチ導電電極４５ｆと基準導電電極４４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ入っており、入力点Ｐｙ４はサーチ導電電極４５ｅと基準導電電極４４とで構成する平行四辺形の領域内にのみ入っている。従って、入力点Ｐｙ２のＹ軸側の位置座標は、距離ｈ２離れたサーチ導電電極４５ｇと基準導電電極４４との関係から検出された電圧値を基にして算出する。同様にして、入力点Ｐｙ３のＹ軸側の位置座標は距離ｈ３離れたサーチ導電電極４５ｆと基準導電電極４４との関係から検出された電圧値を基にして算出し、入力点Ｐｙ４のＹ軸側の位置座標は距離ｈ２離れたサーチ導電電極４５ｅと基準導電電極４４との関係から検出された電圧値を基にして算出する。   Like the input point Py1, the input points Py2, Py3, and Py4 are included only in the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 45g and the reference conductive electrode 44. The input point Py3 is included only in the parallelogram region formed by the search conductive electrode 45f and the reference conductive electrode 44, and the input point Py4 is a parallelogram formed by the search conductive electrode 45e and the reference conductive electrode 44. It is only in the shape area. Therefore, the position coordinate on the Y-axis side of the input point Py2 is calculated based on the voltage value detected from the relationship between the search conductive electrode 45g and the reference conductive electrode 44 that are separated by the distance h2. Similarly, the position coordinate on the Y-axis side of the input point Py3 is calculated based on the voltage value detected from the relationship between the search conductive electrode 45f and the reference conductive electrode 44 separated by the distance h3, and the Y-axis of the input point Py4 is calculated. The position coordinates on the side are calculated based on the voltage value detected from the relationship between the search conductive electrode 45e and the reference conductive electrode 44 separated by the distance h2.

本実施形態でのＹ軸側の入力点はそれぞれ１つの平行四辺形の領域内にのみ位置している。従って、得られる電圧値はその平行四辺形を構成するサーチ導電電極と基準導電電極との関係から得られる電圧値のみである。しかしながら、入力点の位置によっては、複数のサーチ導電電極に順次切り替えて電圧を印加したとき、複数の電圧値が検出されることが現れる。この場合、前述のＸ軸側の位置座標の求め方で説明したように、基準導電電極に一番近い所のサーチ導電電極と基準導電電極との間で得られる電圧値を選択して位置座標を算出する。   In this embodiment, the input points on the Y-axis side are each located only within one parallelogram region. Therefore, the obtained voltage value is only the voltage value obtained from the relationship between the search conductive electrode and the reference conductive electrode constituting the parallelogram. However, depending on the position of the input point, when a voltage is applied by sequentially switching to a plurality of search conductive electrodes, a plurality of voltage values appear to be detected. In this case, as described in the method for obtaining the position coordinate on the X-axis side, the voltage value obtained between the search conductive electrode closest to the reference conductive electrode and the reference conductive electrode is selected and the position coordinate is selected. Is calculated.

上下の透明電極を丸形状にし、以上述べた構成を取ることによって入力点の位置座標が容易に算出できる。そして、透明電極の丸形状に合わせて上下基板を丸形状にすれば丸型のタッチパネルが得られる。本実施形態では円形状のもので説明したが、楕円形状のものでも同じように適用できる。   By making the upper and lower transparent electrodes into a round shape and adopting the configuration described above, the position coordinates of the input point can be easily calculated. Then, if the upper and lower substrates are rounded according to the round shape of the transparent electrode, a round touch panel can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the circular shape has been described, but an elliptical shape can be similarly applied.

タッチパネルは液晶表示装置などの表示装置の上面側に配設して、画面入力型表示装置に用いられる。丸形状のタッチパネルに合わせて液晶表示装置を丸形状に形成することは容易で、丸形状の液晶表示装置と合わせて用いれば入力画面が丸形状の画面入力型表示装置を製作することができる。従来の画面入力型表示装置の大半は入力画面が矩形形状を成しているが、丸形状の入力画面が製作できるようになればデザインバリエーションが増え、その用途も大いに広げることが可能になる。   The touch panel is disposed on the upper surface side of a display device such as a liquid crystal display device and used for a screen input type display device. It is easy to form a liquid crystal display device in a round shape according to a round touch panel, and a screen input type display device having a round input screen can be manufactured by using it together with a round liquid crystal display device. In most conventional screen input type display devices, the input screen has a rectangular shape. However, if a round input screen can be manufactured, design variations increase, and its application can be greatly expanded.

本発明の実施形態に係るタッチパネルの平面図である。1 is a plan view of a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１におけるＧ−Ｇ断面図断面図である。It is GG sectional drawing sectional drawing in FIG. 図１における上基板の平面図である。It is a top view of the upper board | substrate in FIG. 図１における下基板の平面図である。It is a top view of the lower board | substrate in FIG. 図３における基準導電電極とサーチ導電電極の配置状況を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement | positioning condition of the reference | standard conductive electrode and search conductive electrode in FIG. 押圧入力点のＸ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which calculates | requires the position coordinate by the side of the X-axis of a press input point. 押圧入力点のＹ軸側の位置座標を求める説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which calculates | requires the position coordinate by the side of the Y-axis of a press input point. 従来技術におけるタッチパネルの平面図である。It is a top view of the touch panel in a prior art. 図８おけるＥ−Ｅ断面図である。It is EE sectional drawing in FIG. 図８における下基板の平面図である。It is a top view of the lower board | substrate in FIG. 図８における上基板の平面図である。It is a top view of the upper board | substrate in FIG. ペンで上基板を押圧したときの押圧状態を示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed the press state when pressing an upper board | substrate with a pen. 座標入力の原理を説明する模式的回路図を示していて、（ａ）図はＸ軸側の座標読取りパネルに電圧を印加した状態を示しており、（ｂ）図はＹ軸側の座標読取りパネルに電圧を印加した状態を示している。FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram for explaining the principle of coordinate input, wherein (a) shows a state in which a voltage is applied to a coordinate reading panel on the X axis side, and (b) shows a coordinate reading on the Y axis side. A state in which a voltage is applied to the panel is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

４０ タッチパネル
４１ 下基板
４２ 下透明基板
４３ 下透明電極
４４、５４ 基準導電電極
４５、５５ サーチ導電電極
４６ 接続電極
４８ ドットスペーサ
５１ 上基板
５２ 上透明基板
５３ 上透明電極
５６ 位相差板
５７ シール材
５８ 偏光板
５９ 絶縁スペーサ 40 Touch panel 41 Lower substrate
42 Lower transparent substrate
43 Lower transparent electrode
44, 54 Reference conductive electrode
45, 55 Search conductive electrode 46 Connection electrode
48 dot spacer
51 Upper substrate 52 Upper transparent substrate 53 Upper transparent electrode 56 Phase difference plate 57 Sealing material 58 Polarizing plate 59 Insulating spacer

Claims (9)

可撓性を有する上透明基板の下面に設けた略円形をなす上透明電極と、該上透明電極の面上で、その外周領域の一部分に外周辺に対向する形で設けた一定長の直線からなる基準導電電極と、該基準導電電極と同じ長さで且つ外周領域に沿って前記基準導電電極と平行に設けた複数のサーチ導電電極と、を有する上基板と、
下透明基板の上面に設けた略円形をなす下透明電極と、該下透明電極の面上で、その外周領域の一部分に外周辺に対向する形で設けた一定長の直線からなる基準導電電極と、該基準導電電極と同じ長さで且つ外周領域に沿って前記基準導電電極と平行に設けた複数のサーチ導電電極と、前記下透明電極の上面に設けたドットスペーサと、を有する下基板と、
を一定の隙間を持たせて前記上基板の基準導電電極と前記下基板の基準導電電極とが９０度ずれた位置でもって対面して配置し、シール材で前記上下基板の外周域を接着固定したことを特徴とするタッチパネル。 A substantially circular upper transparent electrode provided on the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate having flexibility, and a straight line of a fixed length provided on the surface of the upper transparent electrode so as to face a part of the outer peripheral region to face the outer periphery. An upper substrate comprising: a reference conductive electrode comprising: a plurality of search conductive electrodes having the same length as the reference conductive electrode and parallel to the reference conductive electrode along the outer peripheral region;
A lower transparent electrode having a substantially circular shape provided on the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate, and a reference conductive electrode comprising a straight line having a fixed length provided on the surface of the lower transparent electrode so as to face a part of the outer peripheral area so as to face the outer periphery. And a plurality of search conductive electrodes provided in parallel with the reference conductive electrode along the outer peripheral region and having the same length as the reference conductive electrode, and a dot spacer provided on the upper surface of the lower transparent electrode When,
The reference conductive electrode of the upper substrate and the reference conductive electrode of the lower substrate are arranged facing each other at a position shifted by 90 degrees, and the outer peripheral areas of the upper and lower substrates are bonded and fixed with a sealing material. Touch panel characterized by that. 前記上下基板を対面して配置したとき、前記上基板の略円形をなす上透明電極の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極及びサーチ導電電極の中心と、前記下基板の略円形をなす下透明電極の外周領域に設けた基準導電電極及びサーチ導電電極の中心とが、前記上基板の上面方向より見て略同一位置に配置されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のタッチパネル。 When the upper and lower substrates are arranged facing each other, the center of the reference conductive electrode and the search conductive electrode provided in the outer peripheral area of the upper transparent electrode forming the substantially circular shape of the upper substrate, and the lower transparent electrode forming the substantially circular shape of the lower substrate 2. The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein the reference conductive electrode and the center of the search conductive electrode provided in the outer peripheral region are arranged at substantially the same position when viewed from the upper surface direction of the upper substrate. 前記上基板並びに下基板の前記基準導電電極と同じ長さで平行に設ける複数のサーチ導電電極は、基準導電電極との間で構成される平行四辺形のそれぞれがタッチパネルのアクティブエリアの範囲内において隙間なくつながり、且つ、隣の平行四辺形の領域内にサーチ導電電極が入り込まない位置に設けることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のタッチパネル。 The plurality of search conductive electrodes provided in parallel with the same length as the reference conductive electrode of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are parallel quadrilaterals formed between the reference conductive electrode and within the active area of the touch panel. 3. The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein the touch panel is provided at a position where the search conductive electrode does not enter the adjacent parallelogram region without gaps. 前記上下基板の基準導電電極及びそれぞれ複数のサーチ導電電極には所定の電圧が印加されると共に、複数のサーチ導電電極には順次切り替わって電圧が印加されることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネル。 4. A predetermined voltage is applied to the reference conductive electrodes of the upper and lower substrates and each of the plurality of search conductive electrodes, and a voltage is applied to the plurality of search conductive electrodes by sequentially switching. The touch panel as described in any one of. 前記上下基板のアクティブエリア内での押圧入力点のＸ軸方向及びＹ軸方向の位置座標を算出する際に、検出された電圧値が複数のサーチ導電電極にて存在する場合は、一番大きい電圧値を示すサーチ導電電極を選択し、その電圧値を基にして位置座標を算出するすることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネル。 When calculating the position coordinates in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the pressing input point in the active area of the upper and lower substrates, the largest is when the detected voltage value exists in a plurality of search conductive electrodes 5. The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein a search conductive electrode indicating a voltage value is selected, and position coordinates are calculated based on the voltage value. 前記上下の透明電極は同一形状・同一大きさであることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のタッチパネル。 The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower transparent electrodes have the same shape and the same size. 前記上下基板は略丸形状をなしていることを特徴とする請求項１、２、６のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネル。 The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower substrates have a substantially round shape. 前記対面して配置した上下基板で、上基板の基準導電電極又はサーチ導電電極と下基板の基準導電電極又はサーチ導電電極とが少なくとも重畳する部分に絶縁スペーサを挟設したことを特徴とする請求項１、２、７のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネル。 An insulating spacer is interposed between portions of the upper and lower substrates arranged facing each other so that the reference conductive electrode or search conductive electrode of the upper substrate overlaps at least the reference conductive electrode or search conductive electrode of the lower substrate. Item 8. The touch panel according to any one of Items 1, 2, and 7. 液晶表示装置などの表示装置の上面にタッチパネルを備えている画面入力型表示装置であって、前記請求項１乃至８のいずれか１つに記載のタッチパネルを備えて、略円形の入力画面を有していることを特徴とする画面入力型表示装置。 9. A screen input type display device comprising a touch panel on the top surface of a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, comprising the touch panel according to claim 1 and having a substantially circular input screen. A screen input type display device characterized by that.
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