JP2005181204A - Method and apparatus for concentrating electrophoresis gel - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for concentrating electrophoresis gel Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005181204A JP2005181204A JP2003425221A JP2003425221A JP2005181204A JP 2005181204 A JP2005181204 A JP 2005181204A JP 2003425221 A JP2003425221 A JP 2003425221A JP 2003425221 A JP2003425221 A JP 2003425221A JP 2005181204 A JP2005181204 A JP 2005181204A
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本発明は、電気泳動の手法により分離可能な全ての有機化合物に対応し、泳動用のアクリルアミドゲルまたはアガロースゲル等由来の夾雑成分を除去して目的の測定物を小さなスポット状に転写膜に濃縮する方法および装置に関する。 The present invention is compatible with all organic compounds that can be separated by electrophoresis, removes contaminating components from acrylamide gel or agarose gel for electrophoresis, etc., and concentrates the target analyte in a small spot on the transfer membrane Relates to a method and apparatus.
蛋白質や核酸、有機化合物など生体成分中の分離に電気泳動がよく利用され、多くの分野で使用されている。特に簡易な方法としてSodium-dedecyl-sulfate(SDS)ポリアクリルアミド電気泳動(PAGE)は多用されている。SDS-PAGEは、分子量の違いによって混合物からはしご状(バンド)に各成分ごとに分離される。しかし、泳動中にそれぞれのバンドは拡散して幅広いバンドになることが多く、含有濃度の少ない成分は、拡散により染色しても検出されないことがあり、発色に定量性がない。また、前処理時の容器へのサンプルの吸着により損失が起こりやすい。 Electrophoresis is often used to separate biological components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and organic compounds, and is used in many fields. As a particularly simple method, sodium-dedecyl-sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide electrophoresis (PAGE) is frequently used. SDS-PAGE is separated from the mixture into ladders (bands) for each component depending on the molecular weight. However, each band often diffuses into a wide band during electrophoresis, and components having a low concentration may not be detected even when stained by diffusion, and the color development is not quantitative. Further, loss is likely to occur due to adsorption of the sample to the container during pretreatment.
検出されたバンドについては、構造解析のために染色されたゲルを切り出し化学的な処理をして、質量分析計やエドマンシーケンサ等の機器分析をする。その場合、拡散して広がったゲルから多くの夾雑成分が溶出して測定感度を低下させる。また、濃度の薄いゲルを構造解析する場合は、SDS-PAGEに添加できるサンプル量が決まっているため、同じサンプルを泳動し、同じ位置のゲルを何枚か切り出して使用する。この方法は、試料濃度は高まるが同時にゲル由来のノイズも増加させるため有効な方法ではない。ノイズ低減にはカラムによるクロマトグラフによる濃縮方法があるが、装置が高価なことや操作が煩雑で有効な手法ではない。特に、濃度が極端に薄い場合は、配管に吸着等が生じ有効に濃縮されない。また、ブロッティングによりゲルから膜に転写することでノイズの低減も試みられているが、転写するさいにゲルバンドとほぼ同じか僅かに拡散して広がることがある。特に、ゲルバンドと同じ四角の形状でブロッティングされた転写膜は、操作中に膜の角の部分から拡散が起こることなどから有効な手法ではない。 About the detected band, the gel dye | stained for structure analysis is cut out, it chemically processes, and instrumental analysis, such as a mass spectrometer and an Edman sequencer, is carried out. In that case, many contaminating components are eluted from the gel spread and diffused, and the measurement sensitivity is lowered. In addition, when analyzing the structure of a gel with a low concentration, the amount of sample that can be added to SDS-PAGE is determined, so the same sample is run and several gels at the same position are cut out and used. This method is not an effective method because it increases the sample concentration but at the same time increases noise from the gel. There is a column-based chromatographic concentration method for noise reduction, but this is not an effective method because the apparatus is expensive and the operation is complicated. In particular, when the concentration is extremely low, adsorption or the like occurs in the pipe and the concentration is not effective. In addition, attempts have been made to reduce noise by transferring from gel to membrane by blotting, but when transferring, it may spread almost the same or slightly diffuse as the gel band. In particular, a transfer film blotted in the same square shape as the gel band is not an effective technique because diffusion occurs from the corner of the film during the operation.
下記特許文献1に開示された核酸、蛋白質回収装置は、電気泳動で切り出したゲルを、再度電気泳動にかけて核酸もしくは蛋白質を回収するためのものであり、ブロッティング装置を応用するものではあるが、目的物質を濃縮するには効率が悪い。 The nucleic acid and protein recovery device disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is for recovering nucleic acid or protein by subjecting a gel cut out by electrophoresis to electrophoresis again, and is intended to apply a blotting device. Inefficient to concentrate material.
本発明では、電気泳動した後のゲル中に分離された濃度の薄いバンドから微小なスポットに濃縮する方法と装置を提供する。 The present invention provides a method and apparatus for concentrating a thin spot from a thin band separated in a gel after electrophoresis into a minute spot.
上記課題を達成するため、本発明は、(1)電気泳動後の泳動ゲルから生じた蛋白質、核酸及びその他の有機化合物の所定のバンドに転写用膜を接触させ、該蛋白質、核酸及び有機化合物を該転写用膜により小さなスポットとして濃縮して転写する、(2)該バンドに濃縮用筒を接触させ、該濃縮用筒を介して該蛋白質、核酸及びその他の有機化合物を濃縮して転写用膜に転写する、または(3)複数のバンドに転写用膜を複数回接触させ、該蛋白質、核酸及び有機化合物を該転写用膜に濃縮して転写する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: (1) a transfer film is brought into contact with a predetermined band of proteins, nucleic acids and other organic compounds generated from the electrophoresis gel after electrophoresis, and the proteins, nucleic acids and organic compounds (2) The concentration tube is brought into contact with the band, and the protein, nucleic acid and other organic compounds are concentrated through the concentration tube for transfer. (3) The transfer film is brought into contact with a plurality of bands a plurality of times, and the protein, nucleic acid and organic compound are concentrated and transferred to the transfer film.
本発明の低コストで操作性の高い方法および装置により、電気泳動で分離された蛋白質、核酸及びその他の有機化合物を効率良く濃縮することが可能となった。濃縮により、極微量のサンプルでも定性分析のみならず、定量分析が可能となった。 The low cost and high operability method and apparatus of the present invention make it possible to efficiently concentrate proteins, nucleic acids and other organic compounds separated by electrophoresis. Concentration enables not only qualitative analysis but also quantitative analysis even for extremely small samples.
本発明を実施するには、濃縮用シートとしては、例えば、厚さ0.001〜0.1mm、直径0.1〜5mm程度の穴を開けた樹脂性膜が例示される。また、濃度の薄いゲルバンド片をいくつかまとめて膜転写する場合は、内径1〜5mm程度、(特に先端濃縮したい場合は、転写膜側にテーパをつくっておくとよい)長さ2〜10mm程度の樹脂性チューブに転写したいゲルバンド片をいれてブロッティングできる装置が例示される。さらに複数のゲルバンド片を同時に転写したい場合は、厚さ2〜10mm程度、100mm四方の樹脂性のプレートに2〜10mm程度の穴を開け、そこに測定したいゲルバンド片を詰めてブロッティングできる装置が例示される。 In order to carry out the present invention, as the concentration sheet, for example, a resin film having a thickness of about 0.001 to 0.1 mm and a diameter of about 0.1 to 5 mm is exemplified. Also, when several thin gel band pieces are transferred together as a film, the inner diameter is about 1 to 5 mm (especially if the tip is concentrated, a taper should be formed on the transfer film side) about 2 to 10 mm in length. An example of an apparatus that can insert and blot a gel band piece to be transferred to the resin tube is illustrated. Furthermore, if you want to transfer multiple gel band pieces at the same time, an apparatus that can make a 2 to 10 mm hole in a resin plate with a thickness of about 2 to 10 mm and 100 mm square, and then pack and blot the gel band pieces you want to measure Is done.
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施例を説明する。
[濃縮装置1]
図1は本発明のセミドライタイプのブロッティング装置の装置概念図である。
電源1はブロッティング装置に電圧を供給するものであり、電気泳動した目的物質のバンドを含むゲル6と、サンプルを濃縮させるために穴を開けた濃縮用シート5と、目的物質をブロッティングする転写用膜4を積層し、これらを挟み込んだ2枚の電極2から電圧を供給する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[Concentrator 1]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a semi-dry type blotting apparatus according to the present invention.
The power supply 1 supplies a voltage to the blotting apparatus, and includes a gel 6 including a band of the target substance that has been electrophoresed, a concentration sheet 5 that is perforated to concentrate the sample, and a transfer that blots the target substance. A film 4 is laminated, and a voltage is supplied from two electrodes 2 sandwiching them.
最下部にマイナス電極2がくるようにセットし、電極2上に泳動用緩衝液で十分湿らせた濾紙3をのせ、その上に目的物質を含むゲル6をのせる。さらに上に濃縮用シート5をそれぞれのバンドに穴の位置を合わせてのせる。さらにメタノール処理を施した転写用膜4をのせ、さらに泳動用緩衝液で十分湿らせた濾紙3をのせて、最上部にはプラスの電極2をのせる。電源1により、ゲルの厚みや大きさに応じて10V〜30Vの電圧をかけ、30分から1時間程度通電する。 The negative electrode 2 is set at the bottom, the filter paper 3 sufficiently moistened with the electrophoresis buffer is placed on the electrode 2, and the gel 6 containing the target substance is placed thereon. Furthermore, the sheet | seat 5 for concentration is put on the position of a hole in each band. Further, a transfer film 4 that has been subjected to methanol treatment is placed thereon, a filter paper 3 that has been sufficiently moistened with a buffer solution for electrophoresis is placed thereon, and a positive electrode 2 is placed on the top. The power source 1 applies a voltage of 10 V to 30 V depending on the thickness and size of the gel, and energizes for about 30 minutes to 1 hour.
図2は図1に示した丸囲部分の詳細図である。ゲルバンド内にある目的物質は、ゲルバンドより小さく開けられた穴を有する濃縮用シート5により転写用膜4により小さいスポットとして濃縮される。 FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the encircled portion shown in FIG. The target substance in the gel band is concentrated as a smaller spot on the transfer film 4 by the concentration sheet 5 having holes opened smaller than the gel band.
[濃縮装置2]
図3は、ウェットタイプのブロッティング装置の装置概念図である。ブロッティングタンク8は、泳動用緩衝液を満たし、電気泳動した目的物質のバンドを含むゲル6と、目的物質をブロッティングする転写用膜4、サンプルを濃縮させるための濃縮用筒7を積層し、これらを挟み込んだ2枚の電極2を漬け込むことのできる上部の開いた樹脂製の箱である。
[Concentrator 2]
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a wet type blotting apparatus. The blotting tank 8 is formed by laminating a gel 6 containing a target substance band electrophoresed with an electrophoresis buffer, a transfer film 4 for blotting the target substance, and a concentration cylinder 7 for concentrating the sample. This is a resin box having an open top in which two electrodes 2 sandwiched between can be immersed.
本装置は濃縮用筒7に数個のゲルバンド片を入れ、プラス側電極に転写用膜4をセットしてから両脇から濾紙3ではさみこみブロッティングタンク内に漬け込む。また、プラスとマイナスの電極2もブロッティング内に漬け込む。ゲルバンド片を濃縮用筒7にセットする場合は、ブロッティングタンクに満たされた泳動用緩衝液と同じ液体中で作業し筒状の中に気泡をいれないようにする。その後、転写用膜4および濾紙3で挟み込む場合も同様に緩衝液中で作業を行なう。全てがブロッティングタンク内に格納された後、電源1によって30V〜100Vの電圧を与え、数時間転写を行なう。筒状に詰められたそれぞれゲルバンド片から目的物質が溶出して転写膜に濃縮される。より小さなスポットにしたい場合は、筒を転写膜に対しテーパをつけると小さくなる。 In this apparatus, several gel band pieces are placed in the concentration cylinder 7, the transfer film 4 is set on the plus side electrode, and the filter paper 3 is sandwiched from both sides and immersed in the blotting tank. Further, the positive and negative electrodes 2 are also immersed in the blotting. When the gel band piece is set in the concentration cylinder 7, the gel band piece is operated in the same liquid as the electrophoresis buffer filled in the blotting tank so as to prevent bubbles from entering the cylinder. Thereafter, when the sheet is sandwiched between the transfer film 4 and the filter paper 3, the operation is similarly performed in the buffer solution. After everything is stored in the blotting tank, a voltage of 30 V to 100 V is applied by the power source 1 to perform transfer for several hours. The target substance is eluted from each gel band piece packed in a cylindrical shape and concentrated on the transfer film. If a smaller spot is desired, the tube becomes tapered with respect to the transfer film.
[濃縮装置3]
図4は、濃縮させたいサンプルが多数ある場合に用いる濃縮用プレートである。濃縮用筒7を一枚のプレートに複数設けたもので、濃縮用筒と同様に用い、各穴にゲルバンド片を詰めて複数サンプルの濃縮を同時に行なうことができる。濃縮用プレートの濃縮用筒は、内部の筒を内径の異なるものに取り替えることで、対象サンプルの形状に対応させることが可能である。
[Concentrator 3]
FIG. 4 shows a concentration plate used when there are many samples to be concentrated. A plurality of concentration cylinders 7 are provided on a single plate, which is used in the same manner as the concentration cylinder, and a plurality of samples can be concentrated simultaneously by filling each hole with a gel band piece. The concentration cylinder of the concentration plate can correspond to the shape of the target sample by replacing the inner cylinder with one having a different inner diameter.
[実施例1]
本実施例によりウェットタイプのブロッティング装置を用いて電気泳動ゲルサンプルの濃縮を行った。サンプルにはSDS-PAGE後にクマシーブリリアント(CBB)染色を行った100ngのウシ血清アルブミンを用い、泳動後のゲルから長さ5mm×幅10mm×厚さ1mmのサンプル部分4個を切り出した。ポリサルホン製ブロッティングタンク8に25mMトリス、192mMグリシン、20%メタノールの組成からなる泳動用緩衝液を満たした。直径5mmの穴を開けた10mm厚のポリエステル製プレートの穴に直径5mm、内径3mm、長さ10mmのシリコンチューブをはめ込んだ濃縮用プレートのチューブ内に、空気を入れないようゲルバンド片と泳動用緩衝液を入れた。白金被膜チタン製プラス電極側に転写用PVDF膜4をセットし、両脇から濾紙3ではさみこみ、プラス電極とステンレス製マイナス電極2の間に差し込んだ。全てをブロッティングタンク内に格納した後、電源1によって50Vの電圧を与え、5時間転写を行なった。結果、複数のゲルに含まれる目的物質は直径約5mmのスポットに転写され、目的物質の濃縮効果が得られた。また、肉眼でゲル片よりもCBBの発色が強くなったことからも、目的物質の濃縮効果が得られた。
[Example 1]
In this example, the electrophoresis gel sample was concentrated using a wet type blotting apparatus. As a sample, 100 ng of bovine serum albumin that was stained with Coomassie brilliant (CBB) after SDS-PAGE was used, and four sample portions of 5 mm length × 10 mm width × 1 mm thickness were cut out from the gel after electrophoresis. A polysulfone blotting tank 8 was filled with a migration buffer solution composed of 25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, and 20% methanol. Gel band strip and electrophoresis buffer to prevent air from entering the tube of the concentrating plate with a 5 mm diameter, 3 mm inner diameter, and 10 mm length silicon tube in a 10 mm thick polyester plate hole with a 5 mm diameter hole. Put the liquid. The transfer PVDF film 4 was set on the platinum-coated titanium plus electrode side, sandwiched by the filter paper 3 from both sides, and inserted between the plus electrode and the stainless minus electrode 2. After everything was stored in the blotting tank, a voltage of 50 V was applied by the power source 1 to perform transfer for 5 hours. As a result, the target substance contained in the plurality of gels was transferred to a spot having a diameter of about 5 mm, and an effect of concentrating the target substance was obtained. The concentration of the target substance was also obtained because the color development of CBB was stronger than the gel pieces with the naked eye.
[実施例2]
図5は、図1で転写膜が一部にのみ形成された転写用紙を用いた場合の詳細図である。濃縮用シート5に開けられた穴よりもやや大きい転写用膜4を転写用紙9上に固定する。ゲル6上のバンドは濃縮用シート5を通過し転写用膜4により小さいスポットとして転写される。
[Example 2]
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the case where the transfer sheet in which the transfer film is only partially formed in FIG. 1 is used. A transfer film 4 that is slightly larger than the hole formed in the concentration sheet 5 is fixed on the transfer paper 9. The band on the gel 6 passes through the concentration sheet 5 and is transferred to the transfer film 4 as smaller spots.
[実施例3]
目的物質を転写用膜にブロッティングした後に、新たに濃縮させたいゲル片が生じた場合は、既にブロッティングした同じ転写用膜に再度ブロッティングを行なった。
[Example 3]
If a gel piece to be newly concentrated after blotting the target substance on the transfer film, blotting was performed again on the same transfer film that had already been blotted.
電気泳動で分離された蛋白質、核酸及びその他の有機化合物を効率良く濃縮することが可能となったことにより、プロテオーム解析・ゲノム解析など微量サンプルを扱う生化学分野に効果的に適用できる。 Proteins, nucleic acids and other organic compounds separated by electrophoresis can be efficiently concentrated, so that they can be effectively applied to the biochemistry field that handles trace samples such as proteome analysis and genome analysis.
1…電源、2…電極、3…濾紙、4…転写用膜、5…濃縮用シート、6…ゲル、7…濃縮用筒、8…ブロッティングタンク、9……転写用膜。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply, 2 ... Electrode, 3 ... Filter paper, 4 ... Transfer film, 5 ... Concentration sheet, 6 ... Gel, 7 ... Concentration cylinder, 8 ... Blotting tank, 9 ... Transfer film.
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JP2009080083A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-16 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Laminate, chip, apparatus, and method for electrophoresis-cum-transfer and method for manufacturing this laminate |
JP2009092425A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Transfer device and transferring method |
JP2009092422A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Electrode, and transcribing device and transcribing method using it |
JP2010096595A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-30 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Biomolecule separating device |
US8361716B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2013-01-29 | Pathogenetix, Inc. | Focusing chamber |
JP2013178140A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-09 | Sharp Corp | Isolation device of nucleic acid-protein complex |
US8685708B2 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2014-04-01 | Pathogenetix, Inc. | Device for preparing a sample |
US8999636B2 (en) | 2007-01-08 | 2015-04-07 | Toxic Report Llc | Reaction chamber |
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2003
- 2003-12-22 JP JP2003425221A patent/JP2005181204A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8999636B2 (en) | 2007-01-08 | 2015-04-07 | Toxic Report Llc | Reaction chamber |
JP2009080083A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-16 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Laminate, chip, apparatus, and method for electrophoresis-cum-transfer and method for manufacturing this laminate |
JP2009092425A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Transfer device and transferring method |
JP2009092422A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Electrode, and transcribing device and transcribing method using it |
US8361716B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2013-01-29 | Pathogenetix, Inc. | Focusing chamber |
JP2010096595A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-30 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Biomolecule separating device |
JP2013178140A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-09 | Sharp Corp | Isolation device of nucleic acid-protein complex |
US8685708B2 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2014-04-01 | Pathogenetix, Inc. | Device for preparing a sample |
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