JP2005168365A - Food material improved in eating quality and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Food material improved in eating quality and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP2005168365A
JP2005168365A JP2003411267A JP2003411267A JP2005168365A JP 2005168365 A JP2005168365 A JP 2005168365A JP 2003411267 A JP2003411267 A JP 2003411267A JP 2003411267 A JP2003411267 A JP 2003411267A JP 2005168365 A JP2005168365 A JP 2005168365A
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rice
food material
magnesium
chemical equivalent
taste
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Toshiro Horino
俊郎 堀野
Yoichi Nogata
洋一 野方
Takeshi Yasui
健 安井
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Nat Agric & Bio Oriented Res
National Agriculture and Bio Oriented Research Organization NARO
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a food material using as its raw material rice low in an eating quality level, having Mg/K chemical equivalent ratio lower than that of a regular rice level, nutritionally and more preferably modified in its mineral composition and improved in eating quality, and to provide a method for producing the food material. <P>SOLUTION: This food material is improved in eating quality through decreasing kalium content of the raw material rice low in the eating quality level and having a chemical equivalent ratio of magnesium chemical equivalent to kalium chemical equivalent (Mg/K chemical equivalent ratio) of 0.8-1.48, and enriching magnesium content so as to bring Mg/K chemical equivalent ratio to 1.15-1.58 times. The method for producing the food material improved in eating quality comprises soaking for 1-12 h the raw material rice low in the eating quality level in an aqueous solution containing magnesium chloride in a concentration of ≥0.02% (weight/volume) and ≤0.5% (weight/volume). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、食味が改善された食品素材及びその製造法に関し、詳しくは食味水準が低位の原料米のミネラル組成を改質することよりなる、食味が改善された食品素材と、その製造法に関する。より詳しくは、本発明は、食味水準が低位の原料米について、そのカリウムの化学当量に対するマグネシウムの化学当量の比を改質することよりなる、食味を改善した食品素材並びにその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a food material having an improved taste and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a food material having an improved taste and a method for producing the same, by modifying the mineral composition of raw rice having a low taste level. . More specifically, the present invention relates to a food material with improved taste, and a method for producing the same, by modifying the ratio of the chemical equivalent of magnesium to the chemical equivalent of potassium for raw rice having a low taste level.

従来から、玄米、分づき米、胚芽米もしくは精白米等を炊飯する際には、あらかじめ水に浸漬しておくと、炊飯米がより軟らかくなり、呈味性も増して食味が好ましい状態になるとされ、この方法は伝統的調理技術として広く行なわれている。   Conventionally, when cooking brown rice, divided rice, germinated rice, polished rice, etc., if soaked in water in advance, the cooked rice becomes softer, the taste is also increased and the taste is favorable This method is widely used as a traditional cooking technique.

また最近、胚芽保有率が十分に高い原料米に関して、適切な液温及びpHの水溶液に一定時間浸漬しておくと、コメが生理的な発芽状態に移行し、内在する酵素の作用で、内在グルタミン酸が抑制性の神経伝達物質であるγ-アミノ酪酸へ急速大量に変換され、栄養特性が改善されることも明らかにされている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   In addition, recently, when rice with a sufficiently high germ content is immersed in an aqueous solution at an appropriate liquid temperature and pH for a certain period of time, the rice shifts to a physiological germination state, and the action of the endogenous enzyme It has also been clarified that glutamic acid is rapidly converted to γ-aminobutyric acid, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in a large amount to improve nutritional characteristics (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

ところで、コメには栄養機能性を有する成分が多数含まれており、ミネラル類もその一つである。例えばマグネシウムは玄米100g中に約110mg(マグネシウム元素量で表記。以下同様とする。)、胚芽米中には約50mg、精白米には約30mgが含まれ、日本人の栄養摂取において重要なマグネシウム源となっている。   By the way, rice contains many components having nutritional functionality, and minerals are one of them. For example, magnesium is about 110 mg (expressed in terms of elemental magnesium content, the same shall apply hereinafter) in 100 g of brown rice, about 50 mg in germ rice, and about 30 mg in polished rice. Magnesium is important for Japanese nutrition. It is a source.

これに関連するが、成人男子の体内には平均してカルシウム約1,160g、カリウム約150g、ナトリウム約63g、マグネシウム約25gが存在している。
このうちマグネシウムは、人体内に存在する酵素のうち少なくとも325種以上の活性化に寄与し、アデノシン三リン酸(ATP)と共役することで補酵素(賦活成分)として機能していることが知られている。
Related to this, on average, about 1,160 g of calcium, about 150 g of potassium, about 63 g of sodium, and about 25 g of magnesium are present in the adult male body.
Of these, magnesium contributes to the activation of at least 325 of the enzymes present in the human body and is known to function as a coenzyme (activator) by conjugating with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It has been.

この他、体内の広範囲に分布しているマグネシウムは、DNAやRNAの合成にも関与し、また細胞内外のカリウム・ナトリウム・カルシウムの濃度差の調節、骨や歯の形成にも貢献している。さらに、マグネシウムは脳神経系や筋肉の伸縮における情報伝達にも不可欠である。
このように、マグネシウムの有する様々な機能性ゆえに、人体にとって、マグネシウムは特別、かつ別格の栄養成分である。
このため、マグネシウムの摂取不足による欠乏症状は、高血圧・動脈硬化・糖尿病、心臓病・心筋梗塞・脳梗塞、あるいは筋肉痛・ホルモン性疾患・不整脈・突然死、さらには骨粗鬆症・尿路結石等として、実に様々な形で表面化することが知られている。
In addition, magnesium, which is widely distributed in the body, is involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, and also contributes to the regulation of differences in the concentration of potassium, sodium, and calcium inside and outside the cell, and the formation of bones and teeth. . Magnesium is also essential for information transmission in the cranial nervous system and muscle stretch.
Thus, due to the various functions of magnesium, magnesium is a special and exceptional nutritional component for the human body.
For this reason, deficiency symptoms due to insufficient intake of magnesium include high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, heart disease, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, muscle pain, hormonal disease, arrhythmia, sudden death, as well as osteoporosis, urolithiasis, etc. It is known to surface in various forms.

とりわけ、頭脳労働が急増した現代人にとっては、脳神経系疲労・慢性的頭痛・肩腰痛・四肢運動障害等の知的疲労形態の症状も深刻な問題となっている。
こうした症状の多くは日々緩慢に進行するところから、「生活習慣病(成人病)」とも総称されている(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
厚生労働省が勧告する「日本人の栄養所要量」では、マグネシウムの成人1日当たり目標摂取量は300mgとされているが、この数字から計算すると、成人体内には80余日分のマグネシウムしか貯蔵されていないことになる。
実態として、日本人成人男子平均の1日当たりのマグネシウム摂取量は約200mgであり、約100mgの不足とみられているが、摂取の機会が少ない上に、カルシウムやカリウムに比べて、はるかに短期間で欠乏状態に陥るので、日常の食生活の中で十分に摂取できるよう、よく配慮された食品素材の開発が望まれている。
In particular, the symptoms of intellectual fatigue, such as cranial nervous system fatigue, chronic headache, shoulder and back pain, and limb movement disorders, are also a serious problem for modern people who have experienced a rapid increase in brain labor.
Since many of these symptoms progress slowly slowly every day, they are also collectively referred to as “lifestyle-related diseases (adult diseases)” (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
According to the “Japanese nutritional requirements” recommended by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the target daily intake of magnesium for adults is 300 mg, but when calculated from this figure, only 80 days of magnesium is stored in the adult body. Will not be.
As a matter of fact, the average daily intake of magnesium in Japanese adult males is about 200 mg, which is considered to be about 100 mg inadequate. However, there are few opportunities for intake, and it is much shorter than calcium and potassium. Therefore, the development of well-considered food materials is desired so that they can be sufficiently consumed in daily eating habits.

ここで、日本人の主食であるコメのミネラルにつき、さらに詳しく検討する。
日本産の玄米には、人間の栄養に不可欠の数種以上のミネラルが含まれており、その主要なものは、玄米100g当たり(玄米水分14.5%換算。以下同様)で、カリウムが約220mg、マグネシウムが約110mg、カルシウムが約10mg、ナトリウムは通常は0mg内外となっている。
これらのうち、とりわけ高含量であるカリウムとマグネシウムにつき、その化学的な相互関係を表すため「化学当量」を用いて説明する。
まず、カリウム含量を、その1化学当量である39.1で除してカリウムの化学当量(単位:mEq/100g)を求める。マグネシウム含量も、その1化学当量である12.16で除してマグネシウムの化学当量(単位:同前)を求める。
次に、Mg・mEq/100gをK・mEq/100gで除して、カリウムの化学当量に対するマグネシウムの化学当量の比(Mg/K・mEq比)を得る。これを、以下では「Mg/K化学当量比」と表記する。
Here, we examine in more detail the minerals of rice, the staple food of Japanese people.
Brown rice produced in Japan contains several minerals essential for human nutrition, and the main one is 100g of brown rice (converted to 14.5% of brown rice water, the same applies below) with about potassium. 220 mg, magnesium is about 110 mg, calcium is about 10 mg, and sodium is usually 0 mg inside and outside.
Of these, potassium and magnesium, which are particularly high in content, will be described using “chemical equivalents” in order to express their chemical interrelationships.
First, a potassium chemical equivalent (unit: mEq / 100 g) is obtained by dividing the potassium content by its one chemical equivalent of 39.1. The magnesium content is also divided by 12.16, which is one chemical equivalent, to obtain the chemical equivalent of magnesium (unit: the same as before).
Next, Mg · mEq / 100 g is divided by K · mEq / 100 g to obtain a ratio of the chemical equivalent of magnesium to the chemical equivalent of potassium (Mg / K · mEq ratio). This is expressed as “Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio” below.

Mg/K化学当量比は、米・小麦・大麦等の穀物種ごとに一定の範囲に収束する傾向にあり、玄米の場合、いくつかの品種群の平均値でみると、1.39〜1.73にあることが報告されている(例えば、非特許文献2参照)。
これをさらに詳しく見ると、例えば食味が極めて優れているとされるコシヒカリ系の品種群はMg/K比1.73(標準偏差0.08)であり、食味が標準的とされる日本晴等の品種群のMg/K比1.49(標準偏差0.13)に比べて、カリウムが約20mg少なく、マグネシウムは約10mg多いという特徴がある。また、食味が好ましくないその他の品種群は、Mg/K比が1.39(標準偏差0.15)付近にある。
The Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio tends to converge to a certain range for each grain type such as rice, wheat, and barley. In the case of brown rice, the average value of several varieties is 1.39 to 1. .73 (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
Looking at this in more detail, for example, Koshihikari type varieties that are considered to have a very good taste have a Mg / K ratio of 1.73 (standard deviation 0.08). Compared with the Mg / K ratio of 1.49 (standard deviation 0.13) of the breed group, there is a feature that potassium is about 20 mg less and magnesium is about 10 mg more. In addition, other varietal groups with unpreferable tastes have an Mg / K ratio in the vicinity of 1.39 (standard deviation 0.15).

ところで、後述の第1表に示すが、これらのミネラルは、品種の特性だけでなく、玄米を水に浸漬した場合にも溶出の影響が現れ、24時間後には、カリウム(K元素量)で約30mg、マグネシウム(同)は約5mgが水相へ移行して、Mg/K化学当量比も変動する。
同様の現象は、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米、精白米等でも見られる。ここで、早刈り緑色米とは、通常の収穫適期よりもおよそ10日以上早い時期に刈り取られるもので、米粒の多くが緑色を呈するコメのことである。
また、選別中米とは、玄米選別機で選別された屑米を再選別して得られる中程度の大きさの米粒であり、これも食用に用いられることがある
By the way, as shown in Table 1 to be described later, these minerals have not only the characteristics of the varieties but also the effect of elution when brown rice is immersed in water, and after 24 hours, potassium (K element amount) About 30 mg and about 5 mg of magnesium (same) move to the aqueous phase, and the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio also varies.
The same phenomenon can be seen in early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, and polished rice. Here, the early harvested green rice is rice that is harvested at a time approximately 10 days or more earlier than the normal harvest time, and is a rice in which most of the rice grains are green.
In addition, the sorted central rice is a medium-sized rice grain obtained by re-sorting the waste rice sorted by the brown rice sorter, which may also be used for food.

即ち、一般に行われているコメの水研ぎと浸漬は、ご飯をより軟らかく炊きあげる目的のほかに、食味の点で好ましくないとされるカリウムの溶出を促す効果もある。しかし、同時に、貴重な栄養素であるマグネシウムも溶出させている。   That is to say, rice polishing and soaking, which is generally performed, has the effect of promoting the elution of potassium, which is undesirable in terms of taste, in addition to the purpose of cooking rice more softly. At the same time, however, magnesium, a valuable nutrient, is also eluted.

また、いわゆる発芽玄米の製造においては、糠や胚芽等を多く保有する籾米、玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米等が原料に用いられるので、そのミネラル含量は精白米よりは豊富であるものの、発芽処理の目的で原料米を水浸漬する際に、一定量のマグネシウムが失われる。
このような調理に伴うマグネシウムの溶出・流亡は、上述の「栄養所要量」等に照らしてみると、決して好ましいことではない。
In the production of so-called germinated brown rice, since the raw materials used are raw rice, brown rice, early-cut green rice, sorted central rice, divided rice, germinated rice, etc. Although more abundant than white rice, a certain amount of magnesium is lost when the raw rice is immersed in water for the purpose of germination.
In view of the above-mentioned “nutrition requirement” and the like, such elution / disappearance of magnesium accompanying cooking is not preferable.

本発明者らは、先にコシヒカリ等の良食味品種群を原料米とし、そのカリウム及びマグネシウム含量の組成比を改質することにより、天然には存在しないMg/K化学当量比が2.0以上の食品素材及びその製造法を提案している(特許文献2参照)。
しかし、この先願では、食味の標準品種とされる日本晴と同程度あるいはそれ以下の、食味水準が低位であるコメを原材料に用いる場合、あるいは、その食品素材のMg/K比が2.0未満となる場合については、言及されていない。
The inventors of the present invention previously used a good-tasting varieties such as Koshihikari as a raw material rice, and by modifying the composition ratio of the potassium and magnesium contents, the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio that does not exist in nature is 2.0. The above food material and its manufacturing method are proposed (refer patent document 2).
However, in this prior application, when rice with a low taste level is used as a raw material, at the same level or lower than that of Nipponbare, which is the standard varieties of taste, or the Mg / K ratio of the food material is less than 2.0. No mention is made of the case.

特許第2590423号公報Japanese Patent No. 2590423 糸川嘉則・斉藤昇編著、「マグネシウム−成人病との関係」、光生館、1995年Yoshinori Itokawa and Noboru Saito, “Magnesium—Relationship with Adult Disease”, Mitsuseikan, 1995 堀野ら、日本作物学会紀事、61巻、1号、p.28−33、1992年Horino et al., The Crop Science of Japan, Vol.61, No.1, p.28-33, 1992 特願2002−195392号明細書Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-195392

本発明の目的は、コシヒカリ等の良食味米に比べて、食味水準が低位であり、またMg/K化学当量比も標準米水準より低い米を原料とし、そのミネラル組成を栄養的により好ましく改変し、併せて食味を改善させた食品素材及びその製造法を提供することである。
本発明者らは、上述の問題点を考慮し、原料米を水溶液に浸漬する際の工夫によって、食味水準が低位であり、かつMg/K化学当量比が低い原料米であっても、そのミネラル含量をより好ましく改変できることを知見するとともに、この浸漬操作により、玄米などから炊きあげたご飯に固有の「玄米臭」や、発芽玄米飯に特有の「発芽臭」も同時に除去できることを知り、食味をも改善させた食品素材を得ることに成功し、本発明に到達したのである。
The object of the present invention is to use rice having a lower taste level and a Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio lower than the standard rice level as compared to good taste rice such as Koshihikari, and to change its mineral composition more nutritionally. In addition, it is to provide a food material having improved taste and a method for producing the same.
In consideration of the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have devised a method for immersing raw rice in an aqueous solution, and even if the raw rice has a low taste level and a low Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio, Knowing that mineral content can be modified more preferably, and knowing that this soaking operation can simultaneously remove `` brown rice odor '' unique to rice cooked from brown rice, etc., and `` germination odor '' unique to germinated brown rice, The present inventors have succeeded in obtaining a food material with improved taste and have reached the present invention.

本発明の要旨を説明する。
請求項1に係る本発明は、Mg/K化学当量比が0.8〜1.48である食味水準が低位の原料米のカリウム含量を減じ、マグネシウム含量を富化して、当該Mg/K化学当量比を1.15〜1.58倍とし、食味を改善した食品素材である。
請求項2に係る本発明は、原料米が、籾米、玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米又は精白米である請求項1記載の食品素材である。
請求項3に係る本発明は、濃度が0.02%(重量/容量)以上、かつ0.5%(重量/容量)以下である塩化マグネシウムを含む水溶液に、食味水準が低位の原料米を1〜12時間浸漬することを特徴とする請求項1記載の食味を改善した食品素材の製造法である。
請求項4に係る本発明は、原料米が、籾米、玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米又は精白米である請求項3記載の食品素材の製造法である。
The gist of the present invention will be described.
In the present invention according to claim 1, the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio is 0.8 to 1.48, the raw material rice having a low taste level is reduced in potassium content, and the magnesium content is enriched. It is a food material having an equivalent ratio of 1.15 to 1.58 times and improved taste.
The present invention according to claim 2 is the food material according to claim 1, wherein the raw rice is rice bran, brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, or polished rice.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, raw rice having a low taste level is added to an aqueous solution containing magnesium chloride having a concentration of 0.02% (weight / volume) or more and 0.5% (weight / volume) or less. It is immersed for 1 to 12 hours, The manufacturing method of the food material which improved the taste of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.
The present invention according to claim 4 is the method for producing a food material according to claim 3, wherein the raw rice is cooked rice, brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, or polished rice.

本発明によれば、籾米ないし玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米、精白米から選ばれる1種以上の食味水準が低位の原料米について、そのMg/K化学当量比を増加させることにより食味を改善した食品素材が提供される。さらに、当該原料米を塩化マグネシウム含有溶液、例えばニガリ液に浸漬することによって、そのカリウム含量を減じ、マグネシウム含量を富化し、Mg/K化学当量比を増加させてなる、食味を改善した食品素材の製造法が提供される。   According to the present invention, the Mg / K chemical equivalent of raw material rice having a low taste level selected from at least one selected from glutinous rice or brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, divided rice, germinated rice, and polished rice A food material with improved taste is provided by increasing the ratio. Furthermore, by immersing the raw rice in a magnesium chloride-containing solution, for example, bittern liquid, the potassium content is reduced, the magnesium content is enriched, and the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio is increased. A manufacturing method is provided.

この食品素材は、その原料米と比べて低カリウム、高マグネシウムであり、玄米臭や発芽臭が低減されて食味が良好であり、栄養上も好ましく改善された食品素材として、広く一般に提供できる。
また、本発明に係る食品素材は、生体内においてきわめて多数の酵素を賦活するなど、様々な生理機能面で重要視されている、栄養成分のマグネシウムが富化されていることが大きな特徴の一つである。この食品素材を日常食に用いることで、頭脳や神経系の疲労回復、及び生活習慣病等の予防あるいは治癒等に貢献できる。
This food material is low in potassium and high magnesium compared to the raw material rice, has a good taste with reduced brown rice odor and germination odor, and can be widely provided as a food material that is preferably improved nutritionally.
In addition, the food material according to the present invention is characterized by being enriched with magnesium as a nutritional component, which is regarded as important in various physiological functions such as activating a large number of enzymes in vivo. One. By using this food material for daily food, it can contribute to the recovery of brain and nervous system fatigue, and prevention or cure of lifestyle-related diseases.

本発明に用いる原料のコメは、その食味水準が日本晴に代表される標準米程度以下、例えばMg/K化学当量比が、標準的な品種群の1.49(標準偏差0.13)程度以下、通常は0.8〜1.39のものである。当該原料米は、その品種を限定しないが、食用に提供することを目的にするので、品種の特性や栽培上の理由等で不快な食味を呈することとなった原料米、あるいはインデイカ種のごとく品種の特性として苦渋味を呈する原料は避けることが望ましい。
本発明では、籾米ないし玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米、精白米から選ばれる1種以上を原料米として用いる。
なお、籾米の場合は、そのまま浸漬工程へ回してもよいが、浸漬作業やその後の乾燥・調製作業等に手間取ることがあるので、好ましくは籾すりしてから用いるとよい。
The raw rice used in the present invention has a taste level of about standard rice or less represented by Nipponbare, for example, Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio is about 1.49 (standard deviation 0.13) or less of a standard variety group. , Usually from 0.8 to 1.39. The raw rice is not limited in its varieties, but is intended to be provided for edible use. Therefore, as in the case of raw rice or Indica varieties that had an unpleasant taste due to varietal characteristics or cultivation reasons It is desirable to avoid raw materials that have a bitter and astringent taste as characteristics of the variety.
In the present invention, at least one selected from brown rice or brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, and polished rice is used as the raw rice.
In the case of glutinous rice, it may be transferred directly to the dipping process, but it may take time for dipping work and subsequent drying / preparation work.

以下に、食味水準が低位で、そのMg/K化学当量比(以下では、単に「Mg/K比」と表記する。)も低いコメを原料とする食品素材の製造法について詳しく説明する。
請求項3に記載の食品素材の製造法は、濃度が0.02%(重量/容量)以上、かつ0.5%(重量/容量)以下、好ましくは0.05〜0.3%(重量/容量)である塩化マグネシウムを含む水溶液に原料米を1〜12時間浸漬することを特徴とする食味が改善された食品素材の製造法である。
Hereinafter, a method for producing a food material using rice with a low taste level and a low Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio (hereinafter simply referred to as “Mg / K ratio”) as a raw material will be described in detail.
The method for producing a food material according to claim 3 has a concentration of 0.02% (weight / volume) or more and 0.5% (weight / volume) or less, preferably 0.05 to 0.3% (weight). / Volume) is a method for producing a food material with improved taste, characterized by immersing raw rice in an aqueous solution containing magnesium chloride for 1 to 12 hours.

所定濃度の塩化マグネシウムを含む水溶液の調製法は、特に制限されることはないが、食品添加用の塩化マグネシウム含有物、塩化マグネシウム含有水などの他、好ましくは粉末ニガリ又は水ニガリ、より好ましくは塩田製法により硫酸カルシウム及び塩化カリウムの含有比率を原海水における含有比率より少なくした精製ニガリを用いる。なお、深海水を脱Naclした、いわゆる海洋深層水も濃度的にみると、本発明に利用することができる。
上記から選ばれる材料を用いて塩化マグネシウム濃度が0.02%(重量/容量、以下同様)〜0.5%、好ましくは0.05%〜0.3%の水溶液を調製する。これは、特にニガリを材料とする場合に好適な濃度である。
The method for preparing the aqueous solution containing a predetermined concentration of magnesium chloride is not particularly limited, but other than food containing magnesium chloride, magnesium chloride-containing water, etc., preferably powder bittern or water bittern, more preferably Purified bittern with the content ratio of calcium sulfate and potassium chloride less than the content ratio in raw seawater by the Shioda process. Note that so-called deep ocean water obtained by removing Nacl from deep seawater can also be used in the present invention in terms of concentration.
An aqueous solution having a magnesium chloride concentration of 0.02% (weight / volume, the same applies hereinafter) to 0.5%, preferably 0.05% to 0.3% is prepared using a material selected from the above. This is a concentration suitable particularly when bittern is used as a material.

この水溶液100リットルにつき原料米100kg以下、好ましくは90〜60kgを浸漬し、一般生菌数の増加を抑制するため液温を29℃以下、好ましくは17℃以下8℃以上に保ち、静置して1〜12時間、好ましくは2〜8時間の浸漬を行う。なお、塩化マグネシウム溶液では、一定の静菌作用が期待できるが、殺菌のために、適量のエタノールや次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等を加えたり、pH調整のために、リン酸や有機酸を加えることができる。
これらの操作により、通常、原料米のカリウムは水相へ溶出され、水相のマグネシウムは原料米へ富化される。
例えば、後述の表1に示したように、24時間浸漬後に、カリウムは約53mg減となる一方で、マグネシウムは約12mg増となり、Mg/K比は原料米で1.29であったものが1.79へ上昇する。
100 kg or less, preferably 90-60 kg of raw rice is immersed in 100 liters of this aqueous solution, and the liquid temperature is kept at 29 ° C. or lower, preferably 17 ° C. or lower, preferably 8 ° C. or higher, in order to suppress an increase in the number of general viable bacteria. For 1 to 12 hours, preferably 2 to 8 hours. Magnesium chloride solution can be expected to have a certain bacteriostatic effect, but for sterilization, add an appropriate amount of ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, etc., or add phosphoric acid or organic acid to adjust pH. Can do.
By these operations, potassium of the raw material rice is usually eluted into the aqueous phase, and magnesium in the aqueous phase is enriched in the raw material rice.
For example, as shown in Table 1 described later, after immersion for 24 hours, potassium decreased by about 53 mg, while magnesium increased by about 12 mg, and the Mg / K ratio was 1.29 for the raw rice. It rises to 1.79.

このようにして、本発明が課題とする、原料米を高マグネシウムに改変し、併せてミネラル組成を高Mg/K比の状態にした食品素材が得られる。すなわち、当該原料米のカリウム含量を減じ、マグネシウム含量を富化し、Mg/K比を1.15〜1.58倍とし、食味水準が低い原料米のミネラル組成を改変し、食味の改善された食品素材と、その製造法が提供される。   Thus, the food material which changed the raw material rice into high magnesium and made the mineral composition into the state of high Mg / K ratio which is a subject of the present invention is obtained. That is, the potassium content of the raw rice is reduced, the magnesium content is enriched, the Mg / K ratio is 1.15 to 1.58 times, the mineral composition of the raw rice having a low taste level is modified, and the taste is improved. Food ingredients and methods for their production are provided.

また、原料米の塩化マグネシウム溶液への浸漬時間を2時間以上、好ましくは3〜8時間にすると、玄米、分づき米、発芽玄米等を炊飯した際に感じられる特有の玄米臭や発芽臭を低減させるとともに、特有の甘味を付与することができ、本発明の課題を解決した食品素材が得られる。
このようにして得られた食品素材は、必要に応じて、水もしくは2.0%以下の濃度のマグネシウム溶液による洗浄処理を付加することができる。
Moreover, when the immersion time of the raw rice in the magnesium chloride solution is 2 hours or more, preferably 3 to 8 hours, the unique brown rice odor and germination odor that can be felt when cooking brown rice, divided rice, germinated brown rice, etc. The food material can be reduced and can be imparted with a unique sweetness, which solves the problems of the present invention.
The food material thus obtained can be washed with water or a magnesium solution having a concentration of 2.0% or less as required.

さらに、公知のことであるが、コメは含水率を15%以下にすることで、一般生菌数や耐熱性芽胞細菌数の増加を抑制することが可能である。このように、乾燥処理によって食品素材の保存性を高めることに役立つので、ステンレス製ざる等の適当な器具、容器を用いる水切り処理、温風や冷風等を用いる乾燥処理を付加することがより好ましい。
また、乾燥処理を行った場合、粉砕処理や膨化処理の付加が容易になり、形態の異なった食品素材の提供が可能となる。
Furthermore, as is well known, rice can suppress the increase in the number of general viable bacteria and the number of heat-resistant spore bacteria by setting the water content to 15% or less. Thus, since it helps to improve the preservability of the food material by the drying treatment, it is more preferable to add a suitable device such as a stainless steel sieve, a draining treatment using a container, a drying treatment using hot air, cold air, or the like. .
In addition, when the drying process is performed, it is easy to add a pulverization process and a puffing process, and it is possible to provide food materials having different forms.

以下に、実施例を示して本発明を詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではない。
なお、対照玄米は岡山県産で、食味水準が低位とされるアケボノ玄米の水分含量は14.5%、Mg/K比は1.29、のものを用い、その一部を比較米各群及び試験米各群の原料米としても供試した。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The control brown rice is from Okayama prefecture, and Akebono brown rice, which has a low taste level, has a moisture content of 14.5% and a Mg / K ratio of 1.29. And it also served as a raw material rice of each group of test rice.

比較例1
本例の比較米第1群は、脱イオン水の各1リットルに、上記の原料玄米の各々1kgを投入し、表1に示した設定時間の通りに浸漬した。その後、比較米第1群をステンレス製ざるに揚げて水切りしたのち、4℃の低温室内で通風乾燥して含水率を約14.5%に調製した。
このようにして、対照玄米及び比較米第1群を調製後、各々30gを粉砕して、その米粉1.000gを秤り取った。
Comparative Example 1
In the comparative rice group 1 of this example, 1 kg of each of the above raw brown rice was put into each 1 liter of deionized water and immersed for the set time shown in Table 1. Thereafter, the first group of comparative rice was fried on a stainless steel sieve and drained, and then dried by ventilation in a low-temperature room at 4 ° C. to adjust the water content to about 14.5%.
In this way, after preparing the control brown rice and the first group of comparative rice, 30 g of each was pulverized, and 1.000 g of the rice flour was weighed.

これを1%塩酸溶液100mlに投入し、よく振とうしてミネラルを抽出し、適宜希釈して原子吸光光度計(HITACHI Z8200型)により、カリウム(K)、マグネシウム(Mg)の各含量を測定した。その結果は原料米100g中のmgとして表1に示した。以下において、原子吸光法で測定した食品素材中のミネラルは、元素記号でK及びMgと表記し、各々の含量は元素量mg/100gで記載した。   Put this in 100 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid solution, extract well by shaking, extract appropriately, and measure each content of potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) with an atomic absorption photometer (HITACHI Z8200 type) did. The results are shown in Table 1 as mg in 100 g of raw rice. Below, the mineral in the foodstuff material measured by the atomic absorption method was described with the element symbol as K and Mg, and each content was described by the element amount mg / 100g.

表から明らかなように、比較米第1群のK及びMg含量は、対照玄米に比べ、水浸漬によって明らかに減少し、浸漬時間が長くなるほど減少度を増した。なお、Mg/K比はKの減少程度の方が大であったため、1.29から、1.30〜1.44に上昇している。
この結果、本例では、Kは原料米より減少したものの、同時にMgも減少したため、本発明の課題を解決する食品素材は得られなかった。
As is clear from the table, the K and Mg contents of the comparative rice group 1 were clearly reduced by water immersion compared to the control brown rice, and the degree of decrease increased as the immersion time increased. The Mg / K ratio increased from 1.29 to 1.30 to 1.44 because the decrease in K was larger.
As a result, in this example, although K decreased from the raw rice, Mg also decreased at the same time, so a food material that solved the problem of the present invention could not be obtained.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

本群の玄米試料を炊飯して試食した結果は、表2の通りである。試食試験では、玄米臭、発芽臭及び甘味・雑味等につき「無、微、弱、中、有、強」の6段階で評価し、試食者7名の平均値で記載した。また、備考欄には、飯粒の硬さ等について記載した。   Table 2 shows the results of cooking and tasting the brown rice samples of this group. In the tasting test, brown rice odor, germination odor, sweetness / miscellaneous taste, etc. were evaluated in 6 grades, “No, Slight, Weak, Medium, Existence, Strong”, and described as the average value of 7 tasters. In the remarks column, the hardness of the rice grain is described.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

この表から明らかなように、対照玄米区の試食において、「玄米臭」すなわち、「鼻腔に抜ける特有の戻り臭及び酸敗したヌカ臭」と、「嚥下直後に感じられる弱い胸やけ感」を明瞭に感じたのに対し、本群の水浸漬各区では7名の試食者のうち6名が、玄米臭が低減していることを認めた。特に、水浸漬時間が2〜8時間区では「弱〜無」の評価であった。
次に、「発芽臭」は一定の水浸漬後に感じられる腐敗臭と醗酵臭が混在するやや甘酸っぱい臭気で、一般には好まれない臭いである。これは、玄米に付着する一般生菌や耐熱性芽胞細菌等の諸雑菌が、適温下の水浸漬で急激に増殖し、相当量の***物等を放出するためと考えられている。
この発芽臭は、浸漬5時間後に「微」、以後は時間の経過と共に強まり、24時間後には「強」の評価となった。
As is clear from this table, in the savory tasting of the control brown rice area, “brown rice odor”, that is, “specific return odor that goes out to the nasal cavity and spoiled nuka odor” and “weak heartburn feeling immediately after swallowing” are clear. On the other hand, in the water-immersed districts of this group, 6 out of 7 tasters confirmed that brown rice odor was reduced. In particular, when the water immersion time was 2 to 8 hours, the evaluation was "weak to nothing".
Next, the “germinating odor” is a slightly sweet and sour odor mixed with a rotting odor and a fermentation odor that is felt after immersion in a certain amount of water, and is generally not preferred. This is thought to be because various bacteria such as general live bacteria and heat-resistant spore bacteria adhering to brown rice grow rapidly when immersed in water at an appropriate temperature and release a considerable amount of excreta and the like.
This germination odor was evaluated as “Fine” after 5 hours of immersion, and then increased as time passed, and “Strong” after 24 hours.

甘味評価は、対照玄米区で「微」であったのに対し、水浸漬1〜8時間区においては「無」と判定された。なお、16〜24時間区では「微〜弱」と判定されているが、これは澱粉の糖化が進行したためとみられる。
なお、水浸漬した各区では、玄米飯の呈味特性が、いわゆる水っぽく感じられる欠点があった。一方で、飯粒の硬さは、3時間区ではやや軟らかく感じられたが、その他の区では「硬い」の評価で、特に8〜24時間区では表皮の硬さも加わって、食味評価は好ましくなかった。以上のように、本群の水浸漬各区は、食味評価の面でも、従来の玄米飯の範囲にとどまるものであった。
The sweetness evaluation was “Fine” in the control brown rice section, whereas “No” was determined in the 1-8 hour section immersed in water. In addition, although it was determined as “Fine to Weak” in the 16-24 hour section, this is considered to be due to the progress of saccharification of starch.
In each section immersed in water, the taste characteristic of brown rice was so-called watery. On the other hand, the hardness of the rice grains was felt slightly soft in the 3 hour section, but the evaluation of “hard” in the other sections, especially the 8-24 hour section, the hardness of the epidermis was added, and the taste evaluation was not preferable. It was. As described above, the water immersion ward of the group, in terms of taste evaluation were those remain within the scope of conventional rice rice.

実施例1
本例の試験米第1群は、脱イオン水の各1リットルに塩化マグネシウム1.5gを各々溶解させて得たニガリ液を用いた他は、比較米と同様にして調製し、化学分析も同様にして実施した。結果を表3に示す。
Example 1
The test rice group 1 in this example was prepared in the same manner as the comparative rice, except that 1.5 g of magnesium chloride was dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water. It carried out similarly. The results are shown in Table 3.

なお、塩化マグネシウム原料としては、塩田製法で得られた精製ニガリ(トーフ用粉末ニガリ、株式会社天塩製、塩化マグネシウム含量51%。他に硫酸マグネシウム3.4%、塩化ナトリウム2.6%、塩化カリウム0.5%、及び結晶水約45%を含有)を使用した。   In addition, as a raw material for magnesium chloride, refined bittern obtained by the Shioda process (powder bittern for tofu, manufactured by Amashi Co., Ltd., magnesium chloride content 51%. Besides, magnesium sulfate 3.4%, sodium chloride 2.6%, chloride Containing 0.5% potassium and about 45% water of crystallization).

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

表から明らかなように、本群では、対照玄米に比べて、ニガリ液に1時間浸漬した玄米では、K含量が23mg(9%)減少し、浸漬時間が長くなるにつれ、さらに減じ、24時間後には53mg(20%)減少した。
これに対し、Mg含量は、浸漬時間の長短にもよるが、約6〜14mg増で、対照玄米に比べて6〜13%増となった。また、後述の表4の通り、この数字を脱イオン水に浸漬した比較米第1群に比べれば、7〜22%の増となった。
As is apparent from the table, in this group, the brown rice soaked in the bitter liquor for 1 hour was reduced by 23 mg (9%), and further decreased as the soaking time increased, compared with the control brown rice for 24 hours. Later it decreased by 53 mg (20%).
On the other hand, the Mg content increased by about 6 to 14 mg, which was 6 to 13% higher than that of the control brown rice, depending on the length of the immersion time. In addition, as shown in Table 4 described later, this number increased by 7 to 22% compared to the first group of comparative rice immersed in deionized water.

すなわち本群では、塩化マグネシウム液を用いることで、Kの減少とMgの増加を同時に、かつ効果的に実現することができた。また、Mg/K比も、対照玄米の1.29より上昇して1.49〜1.79に高められた。これらの効果が奏されたことから、本発明の課題を解決した食品素材が得られたことが分かる。   That is, in this group, by using a magnesium chloride solution, it was possible to simultaneously and effectively realize a decrease in K and an increase in Mg. Moreover, Mg / K ratio also rose from 1.29 of control brown rice, and was raised to 1.49-1.79. From these effects, it can be seen that a food material that solved the problems of the present invention was obtained.

上述の表3の試験米第1群における増減比(%)と、前出表1の比較米第1群の増減比(%)をもとに、その増減比率の比を計算してみると、試験米第1群のK含量は浸漬時間により異なるが比較米より2〜7%減少し、Mg含量は7〜22%増加していた。また、Mg/K比は、15〜27%の上昇となった。
比較米第1群の増減比率を100とする試験米第1群の増減比率の比を表4に示す。
Based on the increase / decrease ratio (%) of the test rice group 1 in Table 3 above and the increase / decrease ratio (%) of the comparative rice group 1 in Table 1 above, calculate the ratio of the increase / decrease ratio. Although the K content of the test rice group 1 was different depending on the soaking time, it decreased by 2 to 7% compared to the comparative rice, and the Mg content increased by 7 to 22%. Further, the Mg / K ratio increased by 15 to 27%.
Table 4 shows the ratio of the increase / decrease ratio of the test rice group 1 with the increase / decrease ratio of the comparative rice group 1 as 100.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

すなわち表4は、塩化マグネシウムを用いることで、脱イオン水浸漬に比べて、Kの一層の減少と、Mgの一層の増加を同時に実現でき、これにより、本発明の課題を解決した食品素材が、容易に得られることを強調している。   That is, Table 4 shows that by using magnesium chloride, a further decrease in K and a further increase in Mg can be realized simultaneously with immersion in deionized water, thereby providing a food material that solves the problems of the present invention. Emphasizes that it can be easily obtained.

本群各区の炊飯玄米の試食結果は表5の通りである。結果は、表2と同様の基準で記載した。   Table 5 shows the results of the tasting of cooked rice in each district of this group. The results are described on the same basis as in Table 2.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

この表から明らかなように、対照玄米区において玄米臭を明瞭に感じたのに対し、1〜24時間区では、7名の試食者のうち6名が玄米臭の低減を認めた。特に、ニガリ液浸漬時間が2〜24時間区では「微〜無」の評価であった。
次に、発芽臭は、対照玄米区及び1〜8時間区で「無」、16〜24時間区でも「微」で、この点においてニガリ液浸漬は、従来にない好ましい効果をもたらした。これは塩化マグネシウムに静菌作用があるためと推定されるが、詳細は明らかでない。
甘味評価は、対照玄米区で「微」であったのに対し、ニガリ液浸漬3時間区で「弱」、同5〜8時間区では「中」と判定された。塩化マグネシウムは、本来は固有の苦渋味を呈するが、浸漬溶液中の濃度が適切である場合には、玄米の甘味を増すことが認められた。
As is clear from this table, while the brown rice odor was clearly felt in the control brown rice ward, in the 1 to 24 hour ward, 6 out of 7 tasters recognized the reduction of the brown rice odor. Particularly, the evaluation was “Fine to No” when the bittern immersion time was 2 to 24 hours.
Next, the germination odor was “no” in the control brown rice and 1 to 8 hours, and “fine” in the 16 to 24 hours, and in this respect, the bittern soaked had an unprecedented favorable effect. This is presumed to be due to the bacteriostatic action of magnesium chloride, but details are not clear.
The sweetness evaluation was “Fine” in the control brown rice section, while “Weak” was determined in the 3 hour section immersed in the bittern solution and “Medium” in the 5 to 8 hour section. Magnesium chloride has an inherent bitter and astringent taste, but was found to increase the sweetness of brown rice when the concentration in the soaking solution is appropriate.

ただし、16時間区以上では、塩化マグネシウムに由来する苦渋味(ニガリ味)も残存した。従ってその濃度だけでなく、浸漬時間にも味覚的上限があり、3〜8時間区の範囲で製造された食品素材が最も好ましかった。
以上の結果、本浸漬条件の3〜8時間区は、食味の面でも従来に例を見ない好ましい効果をもたらしたことが分かる。
However, in 16 hours or more, bitterness and astringency derived from magnesium chloride remained. Therefore, not only the concentration but also the soaking time has a taste upper limit, and the food material produced in the range of 3 to 8 hours was most preferred.
As a result of the above, it can be seen that the 3-8 hour section under the present immersion conditions brought about a favorable effect that was unprecedented in terms of taste.

実施例2
本例の試験米第2群は、試験米第1群に準じ、塩化マグネシウム濃度を0.025〜1.200%の7段階としたニガリ液各区に玄米を各々5時間浸漬したもので、原子吸光法により化学分析しミネラル含量を表6に、炊飯試食した結果を表7に示す。
Example 2
The test rice group 2 in this example was prepared by immersing brown rice for 5 hours in each section of the bitter liquor with seven levels of magnesium chloride concentration of 0.025 to 1.200% according to the test rice group 1. Table 6 shows the results of chemical analysis by absorption method, the mineral content in Table 6, and the cooked rice taste.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

表6に示す通り、本群各区の玄米K含量は、対照玄米に比べ、ニガリ液浸漬によって約24〜37mg(9〜14%)減少した。
一方、Mg含量は、浸漬液の塩化マグネシウム濃度に正比例して増加した。Mg富化という観点だけから見れば、塩化マグネシウム濃度は高いほど好ましく、液中濃度0.050%〜1.200%区に5時間浸漬した場合、Mg含量は対照玄米に比して3〜61mg増え、3〜57%の増加となった。この結果、本発明の課題を解決した食品素材が得られた。ただし、後述の通り、液中塩化マグネシウム濃度が0.6%以上となる条件では、食味の面に問題を残している。
なお、この場合において、Mg/K比は、対照玄米の1.29より上昇して、1.41〜2.35に高められた。
As shown in Table 6, the brown rice K content in each section of this group was reduced by about 24-37 mg (9-14%) by immersion in bitter liquor compared to the control brown rice.
On the other hand, the Mg content increased in direct proportion to the magnesium chloride concentration of the immersion liquid. From the viewpoint of Mg enrichment alone, the higher the magnesium chloride concentration, the better. When immersed in a 0.050% to 1.200% concentration in the liquid for 5 hours, the Mg content is 3 to 61 mg compared to the control brown rice. It increased by 3 to 57%. As a result, a food material that solved the problems of the present invention was obtained. However, as will be described later, under the condition that the magnesium chloride concentration in the liquid is 0.6% or more, there remains a problem in terms of taste.
In this case, the Mg / K ratio was increased from 1.29 of the control brown rice to 1.41 to 2.35.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

本群各区の炊飯玄米の試食結果は、表7の通りである。この表から明らかなように、対照玄米区の試食において玄米臭を明瞭に感じたのに対し、他の7区では、試食者の7名全員が、玄米臭が低減していると評価した。特に、液中濃度0.100〜1.200%区では「微〜無」の判定であり、これらの浸漬条件は、玄米臭の抑制において、従来に例を見ない好ましい効果をもたらしたことが明白である。
次に、発芽臭は全区において「無」であり、この点でも明らかに好ましい効果を確認した。これは塩化マグネシウムに静菌作用があるためと推定されるが、現在のところ詳細は不明である。
Table 7 shows the results of the tasting of cooked rice in each district of this group. As is apparent from this table, while the brown rice odor was clearly felt in the tasting of the control brown rice ward, in the other 7 wards, all seven tasters evaluated that the brown rice odor was reduced. In particular, it is judged as “Fine to None” in the concentration of 0.100 to 1.200% in the liquid, and these soaking conditions have brought about an unprecedented favorable effect in suppressing brown rice odor. It is obvious.
Next, the germination odor was “none” in all the sections, and clearly a favorable effect was confirmed also in this respect. This is presumed to be due to the bacteriostatic action of magnesium chloride, but the details are currently unknown.

甘味評価は、対照玄米区で「微」、塩化マグネシウム0.025%区においては「微」と判定された。しかし、同0.050%区では「弱」、さらに同0.100〜1.200%区では「中」と判定された。塩化マグネシウムは、本来は苦渋味を有するが、適切な濃度の溶液に浸漬した場合には、玄米に甘味を付与することが認められた。
ただし、0.600〜1.200%区では塩化マグネシウムに由来する苦渋味(ニガリ味)も、中程度に残存していた。
このことから、その添加量には味覚的上限があり、液中濃度0.100〜0.300%の範囲で製造された食品素材が好ましかった。
The sweetness evaluation was determined to be “Fine” in the control brown rice area and “Fine” in the magnesium chloride 0.025% area. However, it was judged as “weak” in the 0.050% section and “medium” in the 0.100 to 1.200% section. Magnesium chloride originally has a bitter and astringent taste, but was found to impart sweetness to brown rice when immersed in a solution of an appropriate concentration.
However, in the 0.600 to 1.200% section, the bitter and astringent taste (bitter taste) derived from magnesium chloride remained moderately.
For this reason, there is a taste upper limit for the amount added, and a food material produced in a liquid concentration range of 0.100 to 0.300% was preferred.

比較例2
本例の比較米第2群、すなわち対照玄米、食味低位米A、食味低位米B、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米及び精白米の原料米8種について、原子吸光法により化学分析して得たK、Mg含量及びその化学当量を表8に示した。
これらの原料米は、いずれも食味水準が低位のコメであるが、表から明らかなように、そのK含量は105〜329mg、Mg含量は27〜126mgであった。
Mg/K比は、最も低い精白米で0.82、最も高い食味低位米Aで1.48であり、このことからも、食味水準が低位のものであることが知られる。
Comparative Example 2
Atomic absorption of 8 kinds of raw rice for comparison rice group 2 of this example, that is, control brown rice, low taste rice A, low taste rice B, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, divided rice, germinated rice and polished rice Table 8 shows the contents of K and Mg obtained by chemical analysis by the method and their chemical equivalents.
All of these raw rices are rice having a low taste level, but as is apparent from the table, the K content was 105 to 329 mg and the Mg content was 27 to 126 mg.
The Mg / K ratio is 0.82 for the lowest polished rice and 1.48 for the highest low-quality rice A, which also indicates that the taste level is low.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

実施例3
本例の試験米第3群、すなわち食味水準ならびにMg/K比が低位である、実施玄米、食味低位米A、食味低位米B、早刈緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米及び精白米の8種を原料米とし、塩化マグネシウム濃度が0.150%のニガリ液に浸漬してミネラル含量を改変し、そのK含量を減じ、Mg含量は富化することによって、当該原料米のマグネシウム含量を3〜30%の範囲で増加させ、併せて食味を改善することを特徴とする食品素材の製造法を以下に示す。
なお、籾米については、そのままで浸漬することもできるが、通常は籾すり工程を経て、玄米のかたちで用いるとよい。
Example 3
Test rice group 3 in this example, that is, low-taste rice and low-taste rice A, low-taste rice B, early-cut green rice, sorted rice, sorted rice, germ rice, which have low taste level and Mg / K ratio 8 kinds of polished rice are used as raw rice, soaked in a bitter liquor with a magnesium chloride concentration of 0.150% to modify the mineral content, reduce the K content, and enrich the Mg content. A method for producing a food material characterized by increasing the magnesium content in the range of 3 to 30% and improving the taste together is shown below.
Although it is possible to immerse the glutinous rice as it is, it is usually preferable to use it in the form of brown rice after a rubbed process.

まず、塩田製法で得られた精製ニガリ(トーフ用粉末ニガリ、株式会社天塩製、塩化マグネシウム含量51%、硫酸マグネシウム3.4%、塩化カリウム0.5%、及び結晶水約45%を含有)の所要量を水に溶解して、塩化マグネシウム濃度が0.150%の浸漬用液を調製した。
次に、実施玄米、食味低位米A、食味低位米B、早刈緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米及び精白米の各1kgを、上記の水溶液各々1リットルに投入して5時間浸漬した。
水溶液の温度は、発芽臭の原因と推定される一般生菌や、食中毒の原因となる耐熱性芽胞細菌のバチルス属等の増加を抑える目的で、17℃以下に保った。
この操作により、原料米のカリウムの液相への溶出と、液相マグネシウムの原料米への富化を図った。
First, refined bittern obtained by the Shioda manufacturing method (tofu powder bittern, manufactured by Amashi Co., Ltd., containing 51% magnesium chloride, 3.4% magnesium sulfate, 0.5% potassium chloride, and about 45% crystal water) Was dissolved in water to prepare a dipping solution having a magnesium chloride concentration of 0.150%.
Next, 1 kg of each of brown rice, low taste rice A, low taste rice B, quick-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, and polished rice is put into 1 liter of each of the above aqueous solutions. Soaked for hours.
The temperature of the aqueous solution was kept at 17 ° C. or lower for the purpose of suppressing the increase of general viable bacteria that are presumed to cause germination odors and Bacillus genus of heat-resistant spore bacteria that cause food poisoning.
By this operation, the elution of the raw material rice into the liquid phase of potassium and the enrichment of the liquid phase magnesium into the raw material rice were attempted.

浸漬終了後は、ステンレス製ざるへ移して水切りし、次いで、8℃の低温室内で通風乾燥させ、水分含量を約14.5%に調製した。
かくして得られた食品素材のK、Mg含量を前記と同様の方法で測定した。
分析結果は表9に示した。表から明らかなように、試験米第3群の原料米8種は、いずれも浸漬処理によってK含量が15〜80mg減じて、実施玄米比では14〜24%の減少となり、Mg含量は2〜24mg増えて7〜19%の増加となって、本発明の課題を解決した食品素材を製造することができた。なお、Mg/K比は、比較米第2群の原料米の0.82〜1.48に比べて、本群では、各々1.03〜1.94へ高められている。
After completion of the immersion, the sample was transferred to a stainless steel sieve, drained, and then dried by ventilation in a low-temperature room at 8 ° C. to adjust the water content to about 14.5%.
The K and Mg contents of the food material thus obtained were measured by the same method as described above.
The analysis results are shown in Table 9. As is clear from the table, the 8 kinds of raw rice in the third group of test rices all have a K content reduced by 15 to 80 mg by immersion treatment, a 14 to 24% reduction in the ratio of the brown rice, and the Mg content is 2 to 2. The increase in 24 mg was 7 to 19%, and a food material that solved the problems of the present invention could be produced. In addition, Mg / K ratio is raised to 1.03-1.94 in this group, respectively compared with 0.82-1.48 of the raw material rice of comparative rice 2nd group.

Figure 2005168365
Figure 2005168365

比較例2と実施例3の結果から以下のことが明らかとなった。すなわち、本発明において用いる原料米は、表8に示したようにMg/K化学当量比が約0.82〜1.48であり、食味が標準的とされる日本晴等の品種群の1.49(標準偏差0.13)というMg/K化学当量比に比べて低値である。このような食味水準が低位の原料米を用いて、そのK含量を減じ、Mg含量は増加させると、表9の結果から明らかな如く、当該Mg/K化学当量比は約1.26〜1.58倍、すなわち約1.03〜1.94となり、食味の改善された食品素材が得られる。しかも、この食品素材は、一般生菌数及び耐熱性芽胞細菌数の増加が抑えられて安全性が増している。さらに、これを通風乾燥することにより、取り扱いが良好となる。   From the results of Comparative Example 2 and Example 3, the following became clear. That is, the raw material rice used in the present invention has an Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio of about 0.82 to 1.48 as shown in Table 8, and is 1. This is a low value compared to the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio of 49 (standard deviation 0.13). Using such raw rice with a low taste level, when the K content is reduced and the Mg content is increased, the Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio is about 1.26 to 1 as apparent from the results of Table 9. .58 times, that is, about 1.03 to 1.94, and a food material with improved taste can be obtained. In addition, the food material has increased safety because the increase in the number of general viable bacteria and the number of heat-resistant spore bacteria is suppressed. Furthermore, handling becomes favorable by carrying out ventilation drying of this.

本発明によれば、食味水準が低位の原料米のミネラル組成を改変し、食味が良好で、栄養上も好ましく改善された食品素材とその製造法が提供される。
したがって、本発明は、食品産業における有効利用が期待される。
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the mineral composition of raw material rice with a low taste level is modified, the food material which is favorable in taste and improved nutritionally, and its manufacturing method are provided.
Therefore, the present invention is expected to be effectively used in the food industry.

Claims (4)

カリウムの化学当量に対するマグネシウムの化学当量の比(Mg/K化学当量比)が0.8〜1.48である食味水準が低位の原料米のカリウム含量を減じ、マグネシウム含量を富化して、当該Mg/K化学当量比を1.15〜1.58倍とし、食味を改善した食品素材。   The ratio of the chemical equivalent of magnesium to the chemical equivalent of potassium (Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio) is 0.8 to 1.48, the potassium content of the raw rice with a low taste level is reduced, the magnesium content is increased, A food material having an Mg / K chemical equivalent ratio of 1.15 to 1.58 times and improved taste. 原料米が、籾米、玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米又は精白米である請求項1記載の食品素材。   The food material according to claim 1, wherein the raw material rice is glutinous rice, brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice, or polished rice. 濃度が0.02%(重量/容量)以上、かつ0.5%(重量/容量)以下である塩化マグネシウムを含む水溶液に、食味水準が低位の原料米を1〜12時間浸漬することを特徴とする請求項1記載の食味を改善した食品素材の製造法。   A raw rice having a low taste level is immersed in an aqueous solution containing magnesium chloride having a concentration of 0.02% (weight / volume) or more and 0.5% (weight / volume) or less for 1 to 12 hours. A method for producing a food material with improved taste according to claim 1. 原料米が、籾米、玄米、早刈り緑色米、選別中米、分づき米、胚芽米又は精白米である請求項3記載の食品素材の製造法。
The method for producing a food material according to claim 3, wherein the raw rice is glutinous rice, brown rice, early-cut green rice, selected middle rice, sorted rice, germinated rice or polished rice.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011036226A (en) * 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Akita Prefectural Univ Low potassium-containing leaf vegetable and method for cultivating the same

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