JP2005125355A - Method and device for pressing sheet using material inflow control - Google Patents

Method and device for pressing sheet using material inflow control Download PDF

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JP2005125355A
JP2005125355A JP2003362948A JP2003362948A JP2005125355A JP 2005125355 A JP2005125355 A JP 2005125355A JP 2003362948 A JP2003362948 A JP 2003362948A JP 2003362948 A JP2003362948 A JP 2003362948A JP 2005125355 A JP2005125355 A JP 2005125355A
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material inflow
punch
amount
movement amount
measuring
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JP4323923B2 (en
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Toru Yoshida
亨 吉田
Eiji Isogai
栄志 磯貝
Koji Hashimoto
浩二 橋本
Ichiro Aoki
一郎 青木
Osamu Akutsu
治 阿久津
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a machine for preventing cracks, wrinkles and defective dimensional accuracy in press working. <P>SOLUTION: In the method of pressing the sheet by using material inflow control, forming speed is controlled so that the material inflow relative to the amount of movement of a punch falls in a prescribed range by measuring the amount of movement of the punch and the material inflow during press working. The device of pressing the sheet by using the material inflow control has a punch 1, die 2, wrinkle suppressor 3, means 6 of measuring the amount of movement of the punch and means 5 of measuring the the material inflow during press working, and controlling means for adjusting forming speed on the basis of the amount of movement of the punch measured by the means of measuring the amount of movement of the punch and the material inflow measured by the means of measuring the material inflow. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は自動車用部品、家電製品用部品、容器等を、鋼板、アルミ板等の薄板材を用いてプレス加工することにより製造する方法及び装置に関し、加工中に成形速度を制御するプレス加工方法及びプレス装置に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing parts for automobiles, parts for home appliances, containers, and the like by using a thin plate material such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate, and a press method for controlling a forming speed during the processing. And a press device.

薄板のプレス加工において成形性に及ぼす成形速度の影響は大きく、非特許文献１には張出し成形では成形速度の増大とともに破断成形高さが減少し、深絞り成形では高速成形ほど成形限が向上することが記載されている。そのため、成形方法に応じて最適な成形速度を設定する必要があるが、自動車や家電向けなどに量産されるプレス部品は形状が複雑であるため張出し成形や深絞り成形が複合しており、成形過程において最適な成形速度が異なる問題がある。また、材料の特性のバラツキにより、プレス加工における成形速度の適正条件は変動する問題があり、成形速度を適正範囲に収める必要がある。最近、安全対策、環境対策として自動車への高強度鋼板適用が拡大しているが、一般に高強度鋼板の場合、伸びが小さく成形性が劣るため、プレス加工の成形速度の適正範囲が狭くなる傾向があり、プレス加工を難しくしている。
また成形速度の制御に関し、特許文献１には、あらかじめ破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や歪量を調べ、それらに応じて成形速度を変更するプレス成形方法が開示されている。
塑性と加工 Ｖｏｌ．１７ ｎｏ．１８８ ７２２−７３０頁 特開平５−１６１９２５号公報 The influence of the forming speed on the formability in the press working of a thin plate is large. According to Non-Patent Document 1, in the stretch forming, the breaking forming height decreases as the forming speed increases, and in the deep drawing forming, the forming limit is improved as the high speed forming is performed. It is described. Therefore, it is necessary to set the optimal molding speed according to the molding method, but press parts that are mass-produced for automobiles and home appliances are complex in shape, so overhang molding and deep drawing molding are combined. There is a problem that the optimum molding speed is different in the process. Further, there is a problem that the appropriate conditions of the molding speed in the press working fluctuate due to the variation in the material characteristics, and it is necessary to keep the molding speed within an appropriate range. Recently, the application of high-strength steel sheets to automobiles has been expanding as a safety measure and environmental measure, but generally high-strength steel sheets tend to have a narrow range of press forming speeds due to their small elongation and poor formability. This makes press working difficult.
Regarding the control of the molding speed, Patent Document 1 discloses a press molding method in which the contact state and strain amount between the risk of fracture and the punch are examined in advance and the molding speed is changed according to them.
Plasticity and processing Vol. 17 no. 188 722-730 JP-A-5-161925

しかし、特許文献１に開示された発明では、成形速度を変更するための因子としては破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や破断危険部に発生する歪量であり、加工中における材料流入量が所定の範囲となるように成形速度を制御する技術は何ら開示されていない。また、成形途中に成形速度を制御する方法についても開示されていない。また、成形品の表面品質である「割れ」、「シワ」の発生を防止し、「寸法精度不良」を防ぐことについても記載されていない。
本発明は、薄板のプレス加工中に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を防止することが可能な薄板のプレス加工方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。 However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, factors for changing the molding speed are the contact status between the fracture risk part and the punch and the amount of strain generated in the risk of fracture, and the amount of material inflow during processing is predetermined. There is no disclosure of a technique for controlling the molding speed so as to fall within the range. Also, a method for controlling the molding speed during the molding is not disclosed. Further, there is no description about preventing the occurrence of “crack” and “wrinkle” which are the surface quality of the molded product and preventing “defective dimensional accuracy”.
An object of the present invention is to provide a thin plate pressing method and apparatus capable of preventing “cracking”, “wrinkle”, and “defective dimensional accuracy” that occur during pressing of a thin plate.

係る課題を解決するため、本発明の要旨とするところは、下記のとおりである。
（１）プレス加工中においてポンチ移動量および材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
（２）予めポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値を定め、プレス加工中においてポンチ移動量および材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が前記流入量の目標値の±１１％以内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
（３）ポンチ、ダイス及びシワ押さえと、更にプレス加工中のポンチ移動量を測定するポンチ移動量測定手段と材料の流入量を測定する材料流入量測定手段と、前記ポンチ移動量測定手段で測定したポンチ移動量と材料流入量測定手段で測定した材料流入量に基づいてポンチの成形速度を調整する制御手段を有することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工装置。 In order to solve the problem, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A material inflow control characterized by measuring a punch movement amount and a material inflow amount during pressing and controlling a punch forming speed so that a material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is within a predetermined range. A thin plate press working method using
(2) A target value of the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is determined in advance, and the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount are measured during press working. The material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is ± 11% of the target value of the inflow amount. A thin plate pressing method using material inflow control, wherein the punch forming speed is controlled so as to be within the range.
(3) Punch, die and wrinkle presser, punch movement amount measuring means for measuring the amount of punch movement during pressing, material inflow amount measuring means for measuring the inflow amount of material, and measurement by the punch movement amount measuring means A thin plate press working apparatus using material inflow control, comprising control means for adjusting a punch forming speed based on the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount measured by the material inflow amount measurement means.

本発明に係るプレス加工方法及び装置により、プレス加工において加工中に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を効果的に防止することができる。   With the press working method and apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent “cracking”, “wrinkles”, and “dimensional accuracy defects” that occur during press working.

以下、本発明について、詳細に説明する。
図１はプレス加工前の例、図２はプレス加工後の例を示している。まず、ダイス２上の材料４に対して、シワ押さえ３が上方から圧力をかける。加工においてポンチ１が上方から移動して材料４をプレスする。この際、ポンチ１とダイス２の間の材料４には、シワ押さえ３の圧力により張力が発生している。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows an example before pressing, and FIG. 2 shows an example after pressing. First, the wrinkle presser 3 applies pressure to the material 4 on the die 2 from above. In processing, the punch 1 moves from above to press the material 4. At this time, tension is generated in the material 4 between the punch 1 and the die 2 by the pressure of the wrinkle presser 3.

図３は前記（３）に係る本発明の装置構成例を示している。ポンチ１にポンチ移動量測定手段６が設置されており、プレス加工に際してポンチ移動量を測定する。ポンチ移動量測定手段６は、ポンチ位置検出器により加工前のポンチ位置と加工中のポンチ位置の距離を求めることでポンチ移動量を得ることもできる。また、シワ押さえ３に材料流入量測定手段５が設置されており、プレス加工中のシワ押さえへの材料流入量を測定する。材料流入量測定手段５は、例えばパルスジェネレーターを接続した車輪（図示しない）を材料に押し付けて材料流入量を得ることができる。また、材料に予め等間隔の線又は網目を描き、シワ押さえ３に備えた線又は網目の検出器（材料流入量測定手段５）により材料に描かれた線又は網目の通過を検知することにより材料流入量を測定する方法もある。さらに、レーザードップラー方式等による材料速度計を用いることにより、材料流入速度を測定し、時間積分して材料流入量を得ることもできる。
材料流入量測定手段５をシワ押さえ３に設置すると、位置調整等の装置が不要となる利点があるが、シワ押さえ３に設置しなくとも測定は可能である。 FIG. 3 shows a device configuration example of the present invention according to (3). A punch movement amount measuring means 6 is installed in the punch 1 and measures the punch movement amount during press working. The punch movement amount measuring means 6 can also obtain the punch movement amount by obtaining the distance between the punch position before processing and the punch position during processing by a punch position detector. Moreover, the material inflow amount measuring means 5 is installed in the wrinkle presser 3 to measure the material inflow amount to the wrinkle presser during press working. The material inflow amount measuring means 5 can obtain the material inflow amount by, for example, pressing a wheel (not shown) connected to a pulse generator against the material. Also, by drawing lines or meshes at equal intervals in advance in the material and detecting the passage of the lines or meshes drawn on the material by the line or mesh detector (material inflow measuring means 5) provided in the wrinkle retainer 3 There is also a method of measuring the material inflow. Furthermore, by using a material velocimeter by a laser Doppler system or the like, the material inflow rate can be measured and integrated over time to obtain the material inflow rate.
When the material inflow amount measuring means 5 is installed on the wrinkle presser 3, there is an advantage that a device such as position adjustment is not required, but measurement is possible even if it is not installed on the wrinkle presser 3.

図４はプレスに先立って実施したテストプレスにより定められた、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値の例を示している。加工される部品形状やシワ押さえ力といった加工条件により、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の適正なパターンは異なるが、いずれの形式のプレス装置においても事前にテストプレスを行うことにより、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値を得ることができる。材料流入量が目標値から大きくはずれないようにポンチの成形速度を制御することにより、割れやシワが発生しないプレス成形を実現できる。   FIG. 4 shows an example of the target value of the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount, which is determined by the test press performed prior to the press. Depending on the processing conditions such as the shape of the part to be processed and the wrinkle pressing force, the appropriate pattern of the material inflow amount relative to the punch movement amount differs, but by performing a test press in advance on any type of press device, A target value of the material inflow amount can be obtained. By controlling the punch forming speed so that the amount of material inflow does not deviate significantly from the target value, it is possible to realize press forming that does not cause cracks or wrinkles.

図５はポンチ移動量と材料流入量の比率と成形速度の関係の例を示しており、成形速度を制御することにより、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量を適正値範囲に収めることができる。材料流入量が適正範囲より大きいと、材料にかかる張力が過少となるためシワが発生し、適正範囲より少ないと材料にかかる張力が過大となるため、割れが発生しやすくなる。
ポンチの成形速度は、比例制御、ＰＩＤ制御等により制御することができる。また、ダイスが移動する金型としてスライド側に固定されている場合には、ダイスの移動量と材料流入量を測定し、ダイスの成形速度を制御しても良い。 FIG. 5 shows an example of the relationship between the ratio of the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount and the molding speed. By controlling the molding speed, the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount can fall within the appropriate value range. If the material inflow amount is larger than the appropriate range, the tension applied to the material becomes too small and wrinkles are generated. If the material inflow amount is less than the appropriate range, the tension applied to the material becomes excessive and cracking is likely to occur.
The punch forming speed can be controlled by proportional control, PID control, or the like. Further, when the die is fixed as a moving mold on the slide side, the die moving speed and the material inflow amount may be measured to control the die forming speed.

前記（１）に係る発明では、上記に説明したようにプレス加工中においてポンチ移動量と材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御する。材料流入量が所定範囲を越えた場合に成形速度を変更し、所定範囲内となるように成形速度を制御すればよい。
前記（２）に係る発明では、図４に示すように割れもシワも発生しない最適なプレスが行えた際のポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量を目標として予め定め、ポンチ移動量及び材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が目標値の±１１％以内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御する。 In the invention according to the above (1), as described above, the punch moving speed and the material inflow amount are measured during the press working, and the punch forming speed is set so that the material inflow amount with respect to the punch moving amount is within a predetermined range. To control. What is necessary is just to change a shaping | molding speed when a material inflow amount exceeds a predetermined range, and to control a shaping | molding speed so that it may become in a predetermined range.
In the invention according to the above (2), as shown in FIG. 4, the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount when an optimum press without causing cracks and wrinkles can be determined in advance, and the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount are determined. The punch forming speed is controlled so that the amount of material inflow relative to the amount of punch movement is within ± 11% of the target value.

以下、実施例について説明する。
材料として、直径２２０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの５９０ＭＰａ級冷延鋼板を用いた。金型は円筒深絞り用でパンチは径７８ｍｍ、肩Ｒ８ｍｍ、ダイスは径１４０ｍｍ、肩Ｒ１０ｍｍを用い、シワ押さえ力を１５［ＴＯＮ］とした。本発明例として、図３に示すようにポンチ１にポンチ移動量測定装置６としてリニア変位センサ式のポンチ位置検出器を設置し、ポンチ移動量を測定した。また、ダイス２に材料流入量測定装置５としてパルスジェネレーターを接続した車輪を材料に押し付けてプレス加工中の材料流入量を測定した。
プレス加工に先立ち、成形速度を変化させてテストプレスを実施し、割れもシワも発生しない最適なプレスの際のポンチ移動量と材料流入量の関係を記録し、図４に示すようにポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値とした。 Examples will be described below.
As a material, a 590 MPa cold-rolled steel sheet having a diameter of 220 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm was used. The die was for cylindrical deep drawing, the punch had a diameter of 78 mm and a shoulder R8 mm, the die had a diameter of 140 mm and a shoulder R10 mm, and the wrinkle pressing force was 15 [TON]. As an example of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a punch position detector of a linear displacement sensor type was installed as a punch movement amount measuring device 6 in the punch 1 to measure the punch movement amount. In addition, a wheel in which a pulse generator was connected to the die 2 as a material inflow measuring device 5 was pressed against the material, and the material inflow during pressing was measured.
Prior to pressing, test pressing was performed at different forming speeds, and the relationship between the amount of punch movement and the amount of material inflow during an optimal press without cracking or wrinkling was recorded. As shown in FIG. The target value of material inflow relative to the amount was used.

本発明例ではプレス加工中にポンチ移動量と材料流入量を測定し、図５に示すように材料流入量の測定値が目標値の±１１％以内となるようにＰＩＤ制御により、ポンチの成形速度を制御した。その結果、３０回のプレス加工において割れおよびシワの発生は皆無であった。また、全ての成形品において寸法精度の変動が小さく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が０．５ｍｍ以下であった。
一方、比較例ではプレス加工中のポンチ移動量および材料流入量の測定を行わずに、成形速度を１００［ｍｍ／ｓ］一定として加工したところ、３０回のプレス加工において、シワ３件、割れ６件が発生した。また、成形できた加工品においても寸法精度の変動が大きく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が１．０ｍｍ以上であった。 In the example of the present invention, the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount are measured during press working, and punch formation is performed by PID control so that the measured value of the material inflow amount is within ± 11% of the target value as shown in FIG. Control the speed. As a result, cracks and wrinkles were not generated in 30 times of pressing. In all the molded products, the variation in dimensional accuracy was small, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 0.5 mm or less.
On the other hand, in the comparative example, the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount were not measured during the press working, and the forming speed was fixed at 100 [mm / s]. Six cases occurred. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the processed product that had been molded also varied greatly, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 1.0 mm or more.

プレス加工前の装置構成例を示す。An apparatus configuration example before press working is shown. プレス加工後の装置構成例を示す。An example of an apparatus configuration after press working is shown. 本発明の装置構成例の概要を示す。The outline | summary of the apparatus structural example of this invention is shown. ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値の例を示している。The example of the target value of the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is shown. ポンチ移動量と材料流入量の比率と成形速度の関係の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the relationship between the ratio of a punch movement amount and material inflow amount, and a shaping | molding speed.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ポンチ
２ ダイス
３ シワ押さえ
４ 材料
５ 材料流入量定手段
６ ポンチ移動量測定手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Punch 2 Dies 3 Wrinkle presser 4 Material 5 Material inflow amount determination means 6 Punch movement amount measurement means

Claims (3)

プレス加工中においてポンチ移動量および材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。   Using the material inflow control, which measures the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount during pressing, and controls the forming speed of the punch so that the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is within a predetermined range. Thin plate pressing method. 予めポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量の目標値を定め、プレス加工中においてポンチ移動量および材料流入量を測定し、ポンチ移動量に対する材料流入量が前記流入量の目標値の±１１％以内となるように、ポンチの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。   The target value of the material inflow amount with respect to the punch movement amount is determined in advance, and the punch movement amount and the material inflow amount are measured during press working. As described above, a thin plate pressing method using material inflow control, characterized in that the punch forming speed is controlled. ポンチ、ダイス及びシワ押さえと、更にプレス加工中のポンチ移動量を測定するポンチ移動量測定手段と材料の流入量を測定する材料流入量測定手段と、前記ポンチ移動量測定手段で測定したポンチ移動量と材料流入量測定手段で測定した材料流入量に基づいてポンチの成形速度を調整する制御手段を有することを特徴とする材料流入量制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工装置。   Punch, die and wrinkle presser, punch movement amount measuring means for measuring punch movement amount during press processing, material inflow amount measuring means for measuring material inflow amount, and punch movement measured by the punch movement amount measuring means A thin plate press working apparatus using material inflow control, comprising control means for adjusting a forming speed of the punch based on the amount and material inflow measured by the material inflow measurement means.
JP2003362948A 2003-10-23 2003-10-23 Thin plate pressing method using material inflow control Expired - Fee Related JP4323923B2 (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007283358A (en) * 2006-04-17 2007-11-01 Toyota Motor Corp Die drawing inflow measurement device
DE112007002341T5 (en) 2006-10-04 2009-07-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Shaping state determining method and forming state determining system
JP2011098360A (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-19 Kanto Auto Works Ltd Device and method for measuring inflow
KR102350986B1 (en) * 2020-09-16 2022-01-14 한국생산기술연구원 Drawing machine
CN114985569A (en) * 2022-06-10 2022-09-02 中国电建集团成都电力金具有限公司 Sheet material flowing on-line detection and forming defect control method in drawing process

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007283358A (en) * 2006-04-17 2007-11-01 Toyota Motor Corp Die drawing inflow measurement device
DE112007002341T5 (en) 2006-10-04 2009-07-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Shaping state determining method and forming state determining system
US8296110B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2012-10-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Forming condition determination method and forming condition determination system
JP2011098360A (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-19 Kanto Auto Works Ltd Device and method for measuring inflow
KR102350986B1 (en) * 2020-09-16 2022-01-14 한국생산기술연구원 Drawing machine
CN114985569A (en) * 2022-06-10 2022-09-02 中国电建集团成都电力金具有限公司 Sheet material flowing on-line detection and forming defect control method in drawing process

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