JP4197481B2 - Thin plate pressing method and apparatus using tension control - Google Patents
Thin plate pressing method and apparatus using tension control Download PDFInfo
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- JP4197481B2 JP4197481B2 JP2003362947A JP2003362947A JP4197481B2 JP 4197481 B2 JP4197481 B2 JP 4197481B2 JP 2003362947 A JP2003362947 A JP 2003362947A JP 2003362947 A JP2003362947 A JP 2003362947A JP 4197481 B2 JP4197481 B2 JP 4197481B2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 17
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は自動車用部品、家電製品用部品、容器等を、鋼板、アルミ板等の薄板材を用いてプレス加工することにより製造する方法及び装置に関し、加工中に成形速度を制御するプレス加工方法及びプレス装置に係るものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing parts for automobiles, parts for home appliances, containers, and the like by using a thin plate material such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate, and a pressing method for controlling a forming speed during the processing. And a press device.
薄板のプレス加工において成形性に及ぼす成形速度の影響は大きく、非特許文献1には張出し成形では成形速度の増大とともに破断成形高さが減少し、深絞り成形では高速成形ほど成形限が向上することが記載されている。そのため、成形方法に応じて最適な成形速度を設定する必要があるが、自動車や家電向けなどに量産されるプレス部品は形状が複雑であるため張出し成形や深絞り成形が複合しており、成形過程において最適な成形速度が異なる問題がある。また、材料の特性のバラツキにより、プレス加工における成形速度の適正条件は変動する問題があり、成形速度を適正範囲に収める必要がある。最近、安全対策、環境対策として自動車への高強度鋼板適用が拡大しているが、一般に高強度鋼板の場合、伸びが小さく成形性が劣るため、プレス加工の成形速度の適正範囲が狭くなる傾向があり、プレス加工を難しくしている。
また成形速度の制御に関し、特許文献1には、あらかじめ破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や歪量を調べ、それらに応じて成形速度を変更するプレス成形方法が開示されている。
Regarding the control of the molding speed,
しかし、特許文献1に開示された発明では、成形速度を変更するための因子としては、破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や破断危険部に発生する歪量であり、加工中に加わる材料の張力が所定の範囲となるように成形速度を制御する技術は開示されていない。また、成形途中に速度を制御する方法についても開示されていない。また、成形品の表面品質である「割れ」、「シワ」の発生を防止し、「寸法精度不良」を防ぐことについても記載されていない。
本発明は、薄板のプレス加工中に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を防止することが可能な薄板のプレス加工方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
However, in the invention disclosed in
An object of the present invention is to provide a thin plate pressing method and apparatus capable of preventing “cracking”, “wrinkle”, and “defective dimensional accuracy” that occur during pressing of a thin plate.
係る課題を解決するため、本発明の要旨とするところは、下記のとおりである。
(1)プレス加工中において、ダイス内に設置されたロードセルにより、ポンチとダイスの間の材料が垂直方向に受ける荷重W[MPa]を材料に接触して測定して、シワ押さえの圧力により発生するポンチとダイスの間の材料にかかる張力T[MPa]を(1)式により算出し、張力が所定範囲内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
但し、θ1[度]、θ2[度]:ロードセルのダイス側およびポンチ側で、材料がそれぞれ水平となす角度とする。
(2)予め材料にかかる張力の目標値を定め、前記目標値の±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする(1)記載の張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
(3)ポンチ、ダイス及びシワ押さえと、更にポンチとダイスの間の材料が垂直方向に受ける荷重W[MPa]を材料に接触して測定して、シワ押さえの圧力により発生するプレス加工中のポンチとダイスの間の材料にかかる張力T[MPa]を、(1)式により算出する機能を有するダイス内に設置されたロードセルからなる張力測定手段と、前記張力測定手段で算出した張力に基づいてポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を調整する制御手段を有することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工装置。
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
但し、θ1[度]、θ2[度]:ロードセルのダイス側およびポンチ側で、材料がそれぞれ水平となす角度とする。
In order to solve the problem, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) During press working, the load cell installed in the die measures the load W [MPa] that the material between the punch and the die receives in the vertical direction, and is generated by the pressure of the wrinkle presser The tension control is characterized by calculating the tension T [MPa] applied to the material between the punch and the die by the equation (1) and controlling the molding speed of the punch or the die so that the tension is within a predetermined range. The thin plate press method used.
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)
However, θ1 [degrees], θ2 [degrees]: Angles between the material and the horizontal on the die side and punch side of the load cell.
(2) The target value of the tension applied to the material is set in advance, and the punch or die forming speed is controlled to be within ± 9% of the target value. The tension control described in (1) is used. Thin plate pressing method.
(3) During the press working that is generated by the pressure of the wrinkle press by measuring the punch W , the die and the wrinkle press, and further measuring the load W [MPa] that the material between the punch and the die receives in the vertical direction . Based on the tension measuring means comprising a load cell installed in a die having a function of calculating the tension T [MPa] applied to the material between the punch and the die by the equation (1) , and the tension calculated by the tension measuring means. A thin plate press working apparatus using tension control, characterized by comprising control means for adjusting the forming speed of the punch or die.
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)
However, θ1 [degrees], θ2 [degrees]: Angles between the material and the horizontal on the die side and punch side of the load cell.
本発明に係るプレス加工方法及び装置により、プレス加工時に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を効果的に防止することができる。 With the press working method and apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent “cracking”, “wrinkles”, and “dimensional accuracy defects” that occur during press working.
以下、本発明について、詳細に説明する。
図1はプレス加工前、図2はプレス加工後の例を示している。まず、ダイス2上の材料4に対して、シワ押さえ3が上から圧力をかける。次に、プレス加工においてポンチ1が上方から移動して材料4をプレスする。この際、ポンチ1とダイス2の間の材料4には、シワ押さえ3の圧力により張力が発生している。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows an example before pressing, and FIG. 2 shows an example after pressing. First, the wrinkle presser 3 applies pressure to the
図3は前記(3)に係る本発明の装置構成の例を示している。ダイス2に張力測定手段5が設置されており、プレス加工に際して材料4にかかる張力を測定する。図4は本発明の装置構成例の詳細を示している。ダイス2内に設置されたロードセル等の張力測定手段5は、材料4に接触して材料4にかかる張力を測定している。
FIG. 3 shows an example of the apparatus configuration of the present invention according to (3). A tension measuring means 5 is installed on the
図5は材料4にかかる張力を測定する仕組みの概念を2次元で示している。材料4にかかる張力をT[MPa]とし、張力測定手段5のダイス2側およびポンチ1側で材料4が水平となす角度をそれぞれθ1[度]、θ2[度]とすれば、張力測定手段5が垂直方向に受ける荷重W[MPa]は以下の(1)式で表すことができる。
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
FIG. 5 shows the concept of the mechanism for measuring the tension applied to the
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)
θ1、θ2はポンチ1、ダイス2、シワ押さえ3の幾何形状と位置、および材料4の板厚で決まるので、張力測定手段5が垂直方向に受ける荷重Wを測定することにより材料にかかる張力Tを算出することができる。前記(1)に係る発明では、上記に説明したようにプレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。金型で実際に移動するのはスライド側に固定されている型であり、ポンチが移動しても良いし、ダイスが移動しても良い。
前記(1)に係る発明では、プレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。
Since θ1 and θ2 are determined by the geometric shape and position of the
In the invention according to (1), the tension applied to the material is measured during press working, and the molding speed of the punch or die is controlled so that the tension is within a predetermined range.
図6は材料にかかる張力と成形速度の関係を示す例であり、ポンチの成形速度を操作することにより、材料にかかる張力を適正範囲に制御できることを示している。
プレス加工中に材料に係る張力が所定値以下になると、シワが発生し、所定値を超えると、割れが発生しやすくなる。
FIG. 6 is an example showing the relationship between the tension applied to the material and the molding speed, and shows that the tension applied to the material can be controlled within an appropriate range by manipulating the molding speed of the punch.
When the tension applied to the material is lower than or equal to a predetermined value during the press working, wrinkles are generated. When the tension exceeds the predetermined value, cracks are likely to occur.
前記(2)に係る発明では、予め材料にかかる張力の目標値を定め、前記目標値の±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。
張力の目標値は事前に実施するテストプレスにより定める。すなわち、成形速度を変化させてテストプレスを繰り返し、割れもシワも発生しない最適なプレスが行えた際の張力測定手段5による測定値を目標値とする(図6参照)。プレス加工中に測定した張力が、目標値−9%より小さいとシワが発生し、目標値+9%より大きいと割れが発生するので、目標値±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することが好ましい。
In the invention according to (2), the target value of the tension applied to the material is determined in advance, and the punch or die forming speed is controlled to be within ± 9% of the target value.
The target value of tension is determined by a test press that is performed in advance. That is, the test press is repeated while changing the forming speed, and the measured value by the tension measuring means 5 when the optimum press without generating cracks and wrinkles can be made as the target value (see FIG. 6). If the tension measured during press working is smaller than the target value -9%, wrinkles will occur, and if it is larger than the target value + 9%, cracks will occur. Therefore, punch or die is molded so that the target value is within ± 9%. It is preferable to control the speed.
以下、実施例について説明する。
材料として、直径200mm、厚さ1.0mmの590MPa級冷延鋼板を用いた。金型は円筒深絞り用でパンチは径78mm、肩R8mm、ダイスは径140mm、肩R10mmを用い、シワ押さえ力を15[TON]とした。本発明例として、図3に示すようにダイス2内に張力測定手段5として、図5に示すロードセルを設置してプレス加工中の張力を測定した。尚、θ1=1.5[度]、θ2=3[度]とした。
プレス加工に先立ちテストプレスを実施した結果、シワと割れが発生しない場合の張力測定値から、張力の目標値は630[MPa/mm]とした。
Examples will be described below.
As a material, a 590 MPa class cold-rolled steel sheet having a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm was used. The die was for cylindrical deep drawing, the punch had a diameter of 78 mm and a shoulder R8 mm, the die had a diameter of 140 mm and a shoulder R10 mm, and the wrinkle pressing force was 15 [TON]. As an example of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the load cell shown in FIG. 5 was installed as the tension measuring means 5 in the
As a result of performing the test press prior to the press working, the target value of the tension was set to 630 [MPa / mm] from the measured tension value when no wrinkles and cracks occurred.
本発明例ではプレス加工中に張力を測定し、図6に示すように張力の測定値が目標値の±9%以内となるように成形速度を制御した。その結果、30回のプレス加工においてシワ、割れの発生は皆無であった。また、全ての成形品において寸法精度の変動が小さく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が0.5mm以下であった。
一方、比較例ではプレス加工中の張力測定を行わずに、成形速度を100[mm/s]一定として加工したところ、30回のプレス加工において、シワ9件、割れ6件が発生した。また、成形できた加工品においても寸法精度の変動が大きく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が1.0mm以上であった。
In the example of the present invention, the tension was measured during press working, and the forming speed was controlled so that the measured value of the tension was within ± 9% of the target value as shown in FIG. As a result, wrinkles and cracks were not generated in 30 times of press working. In all the molded products, the variation in dimensional accuracy was small, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 0.5 mm or less.
On the other hand, in the comparative example, when the forming speed was fixed at 100 [mm / s] without measuring the tension during the press working, 9 wrinkles and 6 cracks occurred in 30 press workings. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the processed product that had been molded also varied greatly, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 1.0 mm or more.
1 ポンチ
2 ダイス
3 シワ押さえ
4 材料
5 荷重測定手段
1
Claims (3)
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
但し、θ1[度]、θ2[度]:ロードセルのダイス側およびポンチ側で、材料がそれぞれ水平となす角度とする。 During the press working, a load cell installed in the die measures the load W [MPa] that the material between the punch and the die receives in the vertical direction in contact with the material. A thin plate using tension control , wherein the tension T [MPa] applied to the material between the dies is calculated by the equation (1) , and the forming speed of the punch or the die is controlled so that the tension falls within a predetermined range. Press working method.
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)
However, θ1 [degrees], θ2 [degrees]: Angles between the material and the horizontal on the die side and punch side of the load cell.
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
但し、θ1[度]、θ2[度]:ロードセルのダイス側およびポンチ側で、材料がそれぞれ水平となす角度とする。 Punch, die and the blank holder, further the material between the punch and the die was measured in contact with the material load W [MPa] for receiving vertically, the punch during pressing caused by the pressure of the blank-holding and the die material tension T [MPa] according to between, (1) a tension measuring means composed of the installed load cell in a die having a function of calculating the equation, the punch based on the tension calculated by the tension measuring means or stamping device of the sheet using a tension control, characterized in that it comprises a control means for adjusting the forming speed of the die.
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)
However, θ1 [degrees], θ2 [degrees]: Angles between the material and the horizontal on the die side and punch side of the load cell.
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