JP2005067349A - Pto clutch structure of working machine - Google Patents

Pto clutch structure of working machine Download PDF

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JP2005067349A
JP2005067349A JP2003298591A JP2003298591A JP2005067349A JP 2005067349 A JP2005067349 A JP 2005067349A JP 2003298591 A JP2003298591 A JP 2003298591A JP 2003298591 A JP2003298591 A JP 2003298591A JP 2005067349 A JP2005067349 A JP 2005067349A
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clutch
transmission member
side transmission
pto
driven
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JP4304026B2 (en
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Hiroyuki Ogasawara
博之 小笠原
Katsuhiko Kamimura
勝彦 上村
Hiroki Nagai
宏樹 永井
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Kubota Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a PTO clutch structure capable of surely and stably exerting a braking function when performing a clutch disengaging operation over a long period. <P>SOLUTION: A clutch engaging state is produced by bringing friction plates 29 and 30 interposed between a driven side transmission member 28 and a driving side transmission member 27 into press-contact with each other by energizing and sliding the driven side transmission member 27 of a PTO clutch 21 constituted into a multiple plate clutch by a spring 31. A clutch disengaging state is produced by releasing the press-contact by retreating and displacing the driven side transmission members 28 against the spring 31. The structure is provided with a pressing member 34 which is non-rotatable against a transmission case 11 and is capable of displacing in a clutch axial center direction. A receiving surface s for receiving and supporting the pressing member 34 from the clutch disengaging direction side is formed in the driven side transmission member 28. Operating force in the clutch disengaging direction applied to the pressing member 34 is transmitted to the driven side transmission member 28 via the receiving surface s. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、芝刈機などの作業機に装備されたＰＴＯクラッチの構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure of a PTO clutch equipped in a working machine such as a lawn mower.

芝刈機においては、ＰＴＯクラッチを切り操作した際にＰＴＯ軸に連動連結されたモーアが慣性で回り続けることを阻止するために、ＰＴＯクラッチに切り操作に連動してＰＴＯ伝動系に制動を与えるブレーキ機構を装備したものがあり、その一例として、ＰＴＯクラッチを、内装バネによってクラッチ入り側に付勢されるとともに、そのクラッチハウジングが出力側となる多板摩擦クラッチで構成し、クラッチハウジングをミッションケースに回転自在かつ軸心方向に変位可能に支持し、バネに抗してクラッチ切り操作するに伴ってバネの反力がクラッチハウジングに作用するように構成し、このバネ反力によってクラッチハウジングがミッションケース壁に押圧されて制動されるよう構成したものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平９−１５１９７１号公報 In a lawn mower, a brake that brakes the PTO transmission system in conjunction with the turning operation of the PTO clutch in order to prevent the mower linked to the PTO shaft from continuing to rotate due to inertia when the PTO clutch is turned off. For example, a PTO clutch is urged to the clutch engagement side by an internal spring and the clutch housing is an output side, and the clutch housing is a transmission case. It is configured such that the reaction force of the spring acts on the clutch housing as the clutch is disengaged against the spring, and the clutch housing is driven by the spring reaction force. Some are configured to be pressed against the case wall to be braked (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-151971

上記した従来構造においては、複数のベアリングを介してミッションケースに支持したクラッチハウジング全体をクラッチ入り付勢用のバネの反力によって軸心方向に変位させてミッションケース壁に押圧させるものであるために、ベアリング自体をミッションケースに対して緩くミッションケースのベアリング嵌入孔に嵌合支持させる必要があり、この嵌合がきついとクラッチハウジングがバネ反力によって円滑に変位できなくなり、制動が不十分なものとなる。逆に、ミッションケースに対するベアリングの嵌合や緩すぎると、クラッチハウジングの芯ぶれや傾きが発生して騒音が発生しやすくなるのみならず、クラッチハウジングの芯ぶれによってミッションケースのベアリング嵌入孔が早期に損耗あるいは変形してしまうおそれがあり、所定の制動機能を長期間に亘って安定して発揮させることが難しいものであった。   In the conventional structure described above, the entire clutch housing supported by the transmission case via a plurality of bearings is displaced in the axial direction by the reaction force of the spring for engaging the clutch and is pressed against the transmission case wall. In addition, the bearing itself needs to be loosely fitted to the transmission case and supported in the transmission hole of the transmission case. If this is tight, the clutch housing cannot be smoothly displaced by the spring reaction force and braking is insufficient. It will be a thing. Conversely, if the bearing is too loose or loosely fitted to the transmission case, the clutch housing will run out and tilt, making it easier to generate noise. Therefore, it is difficult to exert a predetermined braking function stably over a long period of time.

本発明は、このような点に着目してなされたものであって、クラッチが切り操作されたときの制動機能を長期間に亘って確実かつ安定して発揮させることができるＰＴＯクラッチ構造を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made paying attention to such points, and provides a PTO clutch structure capable of reliably and stably exerting a braking function when a clutch is disengaged for a long period of time. The purpose is to do.

第１の発明に係る作業機のＰＴＯクラッチ構造は、ＰＴＯ軸への動力伝達を断続するＰＴＯクラッチを多板クラッチに構成し、
従動側伝動部材をバネで付勢スライドさせることで従動側伝動部材と駆動側伝動部材との間に介装した摩擦板を圧接してクラッチ入り状態をもたらし、前記従動側伝動部材をバネに抗して後退変位させることで前記圧接を解除してクラッチ切り状態をもたらすよう構成し、
伝動ケースに対して回転不能かつクラッチ軸心方向に変位可能な押圧部材を備え、前記押圧部材をクラッチ切り方向側から受け止め支持する受け面を従動側伝動部材に形成し、前記押圧部材に加えられたクラッチ切り方向への操作力を前記受け面を介して従動側伝動部材に伝えるよう構成してあることを特徴とする。 The PTO clutch structure of the work machine according to the first invention comprises a PTO clutch that intermittently transmits power to the PTO shaft as a multi-plate clutch,
By sliding the driven side transmission member with a spring, the friction plate interposed between the driven side transmission member and the drive side transmission member is brought into pressure contact to bring the clutch into engagement, and the driven side transmission member is resisted against the spring. Then, it is configured to release the pressure contact by moving backward and bring about a clutch disengagement state,
A pressing member that is non-rotatable with respect to the transmission case and that is displaceable in the clutch axial direction; a receiving surface that receives and supports the pressing member from the clutch disengagement direction side is formed on the driven transmission member; The operating force in the clutch disengagement direction is transmitted to the driven transmission member via the receiving surface.

この構成によると、押圧部材に加えられたクラッチ切り操作力は受け面を介して従動側伝動部材で伝えられ、従動側伝動部材がバネに抗して後退変位されてクラッチ切り状態がもたらされる。この場合、従動側伝動部材は回転不能な押圧部材に受け面を介して圧接されるので、従動側伝動部材は受け面において回転摩擦抵抗を受けて制動され、動力伝達の断たれたＰＴ０伝動系の慣性回転が抑制される。   According to this configuration, the clutch disengagement operation force applied to the pressing member is transmitted by the driven transmission member via the receiving surface, and the driven transmission member is displaced backward against the spring to bring about a clutch disengaged state. In this case, since the driven transmission member is pressed against the non-rotatable pressing member via the receiving surface, the driven transmission member is braked by receiving rotational friction resistance on the receiving surface, and the PT0 transmission system in which power transmission is interrupted. Inertial rotation is suppressed.

従って、第１の発明によると、ＰＴＯクラッチ自体の支持状態を変えることなく、制動用の押圧部材を追加して従動側伝動部材に受け止め支持させるだけの簡単な構造によって、クラッチ切り時における制動機能を確実かつ安定的に発揮させるができるようになった。   Therefore, according to the first invention, the braking function when the clutch is disengaged is achieved by a simple structure in which the pressing member for braking is added and received and supported by the driven transmission member without changing the supporting state of the PTO clutch itself. Can now be demonstrated reliably and stably.

第２の発明は、第１の発明において、前記押圧部材の側面と前記従動側伝動部材の受け面との間に摩擦抵抗増大用のフェーシング材を介在してあることを特徴とする。   According to a second invention, in the first invention, a facing material for increasing frictional resistance is interposed between a side surface of the pressing member and a receiving surface of the driven transmission member.

この構成によると、クラッチ切り時において従動側伝動部材が押圧部材によって受ける回転摩擦抵抗が大きくなり、一層確実かつ性能の安定した回転制動を行うことができる。   According to this configuration, the rotational frictional resistance that the driven side transmission member receives by the pressing member when the clutch is disengaged is increased, and rotational braking with more reliable and stable performance can be performed.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１に、本発明に係る作業機の一例である乗用型芝刈り機の全体側面図が示されている。この乗用型芝刈り機は、操向車輪としての前車輪１および非操向車輪としての後車輪２がそれぞれ駆動される４輪駆動型に構成された乗用型の走行機体３の下腹部に、前リンク４ａおよび後リンク４ｂからなる四連リンク機構４を介してモーア５が平行昇降操作可能に吊り下げ連結されるとともに、車体後部にモーア５で刈取った刈芝を集める集草容器６が連結された構造となっている。   FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a riding lawn mower that is an example of a working machine according to the present invention. This riding-type lawn mower has a lower abdomen of a riding-type traveling machine body 3 configured as a four-wheel drive type in which a front wheel 1 as a steering wheel and a rear wheel 2 as a non-steering wheel are respectively driven. A mower 5 is suspended and connected through a four-link mechanism 4 composed of a front link 4a and a rear link 4b so as to be able to move up and down in parallel, and a grass collecting container 6 for collecting grass cut by the mower 5 at the rear of the vehicle body. It has a connected structure.

走行車体３に備えられた左右一対の主フレーム７の前部には、左右に前車輪１を操向可能に装備した前車軸ケース８がローリング可能に配備されるとともに、ボンネット９で覆われたエンジン１０が搭載され、また、主フレーム７の後部には、左右の後車輪２を装備した伝動ケース１１が固着されている。また、主フレームの上部には、ステップ１２が搭載連結されるとともに、このステップ１２の後部に連設された左右フェンダ部１２ａの間に運転座席１３が配備されている。   A front axle case 8 equipped with a front wheel 1 so as to be steerable to the left and right is disposed at the front of a pair of left and right main frames 7 provided in the traveling vehicle body 3 and is covered with a bonnet 9. An engine 10 is mounted, and a transmission case 11 equipped with left and right rear wheels 2 is fixed to the rear portion of the main frame 7. In addition, a step 12 is mounted and connected to the upper part of the main frame, and a driver seat 13 is disposed between the left and right fender portions 12a connected to the rear portion of the step 12.

図２に示すように、エンジン１０の出力が伝動軸１４を介して伝動ケース１１の入力軸１５に伝達されて走行系と作業系に分岐され、その走行系動力は、伝動ケース１１の後端に連結配備された前後進切換え可能な油圧式無段変速装置（ＨＳＴ）１６に入力され、この無段変速装置１６の出力軸１６ａから取り出された正転（前進用）あるいは逆転（後進用）の変速動力が、ギヤ伝動機構１７を介してカウンター軸１８に伝達され、このカウンター軸１８から図示されていない左右のサイドクラッチおよび減速ギヤを介して左右の後車輪２に伝達されるようになっている。また、無段変速装置１６の出力軸１６ａから取り出された動力の一部は、ギヤ伝動機構１９を介して前車輪駆動軸２０にも分岐伝達され、この前車輪駆動軸２０から伝動ケース前方に取り出された動力が、車体下腹部に沿って前方に延出配備された伝動軸２１ａ，２１ｂを介して前車軸ケース８に伝達され、前車輪１が後車輪２とが同調した速度で駆動されるようになっている。また、伝動ケース内で入力軸１５から分岐された作業系の動力は、ＰＴＯクラッチ２１を介して伝動ケース前面のＰＴＯ軸２２から取り出され、伝動軸２３を介してモーア５に伝達されるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the output of the engine 10 is transmitted to the input shaft 15 of the transmission case 11 via the transmission shaft 14 and branched into the traveling system and the working system, and the traveling system power is the rear end of the transmission case 11. Forward rotation (for forward movement) or reverse rotation (for backward movement) taken out from an output shaft 16a of the continuously variable transmission 16 that is input to a continuously variable hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 16 connected to Is transmitted to the countershaft 18 through the gear transmission mechanism 17, and is transmitted from the countershaft 18 to the left and right rear wheels 2 through left and right side clutches and reduction gears (not shown). ing. Further, a part of the power extracted from the output shaft 16a of the continuously variable transmission 16 is branched and transmitted to the front wheel drive shaft 20 via the gear transmission mechanism 19, and forward from the front wheel drive shaft 20 to the front of the transmission case. The extracted power is transmitted to the front axle case 8 through transmission shafts 21a and 21b extending forward along the lower abdomen of the vehicle body, and the front wheel 1 is driven at a speed synchronized with the rear wheel 2. It has become so. The power of the work system branched from the input shaft 15 in the transmission case is extracted from the PTO shaft 22 on the front surface of the transmission case via the PTO clutch 21 and transmitted to the mower 5 via the transmission shaft 23. It has become.

なお、前記伝動ケース１１の主部は走行車体３に対して左横側方に偏って配備されており、その偏在によって右横側方に空けられた車体下方空間に、モーア５から放出された刈芝を集草容器６に導くダクト２４が配備されている。   The main part of the transmission case 11 is arranged to be biased to the left lateral side with respect to the traveling vehicle body 3, and is released from the mower 5 into the vehicle body lower space vacated to the right lateral side by the uneven distribution. A duct 24 for guiding the cut grass to the grass collection container 6 is provided.

図３，図４に、前記ＰＴＯクラッチ２１の詳細な構造が示されている。   3 and 4 show the detailed structure of the PTO clutch 21. FIG.

このＰＴＯクラッチ２１は湿式の多板クラッチに構成されており、伝動ケース１１の前記入力軸１５からの動力を受けるギヤ２６がＰＴＯ軸２２に遊嵌装着され、このギヤ２６のボス部に咬合連結された駆動側伝動部材としてのクラッチドラム２７と、ＰＴＯ軸２２にシフト可能にスプライン装着した従動側伝動部材としてのクラッチボス２８との間に、それぞれに係合された摩擦板２９，３０が交互に重合されている。   The PTO clutch 21 is a wet multi-plate clutch, and a gear 26 that receives power from the input shaft 15 of the transmission case 11 is loosely fitted to the PTO shaft 22, and is engaged with a boss portion of the gear 26. The friction plates 29 and 30 engaged with each other are alternately arranged between the clutch drum 27 as the drive-side transmission member and the clutch boss 28 as a driven-side transmission member splined to the PTO shaft 22 so as to be shiftable. Is polymerized.

クラッチボス２８の内部空間には、このクラッチボス２８を図中左方にスライド付勢して摩擦板２９，３０を圧接するバネ３１が組み込まれ、常態ではＰＴＯクラッチ２１が「クラッチ入り」状態に保持され、クラッチボス２８がバネ１に抗し図中右方に後退変位されることで摩擦板２９，３０の圧接が解除されて「クラッチ切り」状態がもたらされるようになっている。   In the internal space of the clutch boss 28, a spring 31 that slidably urges the clutch boss 28 to the left in the figure to press-contact the friction plates 29 and 30 is incorporated, and the PTO clutch 21 is normally in the “clutch engaged” state. The clutch boss 28 is held and is displaced backward to the right in the drawing against the spring 1 so that the pressure contact of the friction plates 29 and 30 is released, resulting in a “clutch disengagement” state.

また、伝動ケース１１内の前部には、横向きの操作軸３２を介して揺動操作される操作フォーク３３が配備されるとともに、この操作フォーク３３によって後方へ押圧操作される押圧部材３４がクラッチボス２８に遊嵌装着されている。また、クラッチボス２８には、押圧部材３４の中心側部分を後方から受け止める受け面ｓが環状段差状に形成されており、操作フォーク３３の後方への操作力が押圧部材３４および前記受け面ｓを介してクラッチボス２８に伝えられ、クラッチボス２８がバネ３１に抗して後方（クラッチ切り方向）に押圧変位されるようになっている。   In addition, an operating fork 33 that is swing-operated via a lateral operation shaft 32 is provided at the front portion in the transmission case 11, and a pressing member 34 that is pressed backward by the operating fork 33 is a clutch. The boss 28 is loosely fitted. Further, the clutch boss 28 is formed with a receiving surface s for receiving the center side portion of the pressing member 34 from the rear in an annular step shape, and the operating force to the rear of the operating fork 33 is applied to the pressing member 34 and the receiving surface s. The clutch boss 28 is pressed and displaced rearward (in the clutch disengagement direction) against the spring 31.

ここで、図４に示すように、前記押圧部材３４の外周部適所には凹部３５が形成されるとともに、この凹部３５が伝動ケース１１の内面に突出形成された突部３６に係合されており、押圧部材３４がクラッチ軸心方向には変位可能に、かつ、クラッチ軸心回りには回動不能に支持されている。   Here, as shown in FIG. 4, a concave portion 35 is formed at a suitable position on the outer peripheral portion of the pressing member 34, and the concave portion 35 is engaged with a protruding portion 36 formed on the inner surface of the transmission case 11. The pressing member 34 is supported so as to be displaceable in the direction of the clutch axis and not to be rotatable around the clutch axis.

さらに、押圧部材３４の後面における中心側部分には、クラッチボス２８の前記受け面ｓに接する範囲でフェーシング材３７が付設されており、押圧部材３４と受け面ｓとの接触面での摩擦係数が高められ、確実な回転摩擦抵抗が安定的に発揮されるようになっている。   Further, a facing member 37 is attached to the center side portion of the rear surface of the pressing member 34 in a range in contact with the receiving surface s of the clutch boss 28, and the friction coefficient at the contact surface between the pressing member 34 and the receiving surface s. And a reliable rotational frictional resistance is stably exhibited.

このように構成されたＰＴＯクラッチ２１は、上記したように、常時はバネ３１によって「クラッチ入り」状態に付勢されており、前記操作軸３２の外端に連結したクラッチ操作レバー３８を操作して操作フォーク３３を揺動させると、押圧部材３４を介してクラッチボス２８がバネ３１に抗して後退変位されてＰＴＯクラッチ２１が「クラッチ切り」状態に切換えられ、クラッチドラム２７からクラッチボス２８への動力伝達が断たれるとともに、回転不能な押圧部材３４に受け面ｓを介して圧接されているクラッチボス２８に回転摩擦抵抗が付与されてＰＴ０軸２２に回転制動がかけられる。これによって、動力伝達が断たれたモーア５の慣性回転が抑制される。   As described above, the PTO clutch 21 thus configured is normally urged to the “clutch engaged” state by the spring 31 and operates the clutch operation lever 38 connected to the outer end of the operation shaft 32. When the operating fork 33 is swung, the clutch boss 28 is reversely displaced against the spring 31 via the pressing member 34, and the PTO clutch 21 is switched to the “clutch disengaged” state. As a result, the friction friction resistance is applied to the clutch boss 28 that is pressed against the non-rotatable pressing member 34 via the receiving surface s, and the PT0 shaft 22 is rotationally braked. As a result, the inertial rotation of the mower 5 whose power transmission is interrupted is suppressed.

本発明は、以下のような形態で実施ることもできる。   The present invention can also be implemented in the following forms.

（１）上記実施例では前記押圧部材３４をクラッチボス２８に遊嵌して、内周部において芯出し支持しているが、押圧部材３４を伝動ケース１１側に外周部において芯出し支持することも可能である。   (1) In the above embodiment, the pressing member 34 is loosely fitted to the clutch boss 28 and is centered and supported at the inner peripheral portion. However, the pressing member 34 is centered and supported at the outer peripheral portion on the transmission case 11 side. Is also possible.

（２）前記フェーシング材３７はクラッチボス２８の受け面ｓに付設して実施することもできる。   (2) The facing material 37 may be attached to the receiving surface s of the clutch boss 28 for implementation.

乗用型芝刈り機の全体側面図Overall side view of a riding lawn mower 伝動構造の概略を示す側面図Side view showing outline of transmission structure ＰＴＯクラッチの拡大側面図Enlarged side view of PTO clutch 押圧部材の正面図Front view of pressing member

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１１ 伝動ケース
２１ ＰＴＯクラッチ
２２ ＰＴＯ軸
２７ 駆動側伝動部材（クラッチドラム）
２８ 従動側伝動部材（クラッチボス）
２９ 摩擦板
３０ 摩擦板
３１ バネ
３４ 押圧部材
３７ フェーシング材
ｓ 受け面 11 Transmission case 21 PTO clutch 22 PTO shaft 27 Drive side transmission member (clutch drum)
28 Driven transmission member (clutch boss)
29 Friction plate 30 Friction plate 31 Spring 34 Pressing member 37 Facing material s Receiving surface

Claims (2)

ＰＴＯ軸への動力伝達を断続するＰＴＯクラッチを多板クラッチに構成し、
従動側伝動部材をバネで付勢スライドさせることで従動側伝動部材と駆動側伝動部材との間に介装した摩擦板を圧接してクラッチ入り状態をもたらし、前記従動側伝動部材をバネに抗して後退変位させることで前記圧接を解除してクラッチ切り状態をもたらすよう構成し、
伝動ケースに対して回転不能かつクラッチ軸心方向に変位可能な押圧部材を備え、前記押圧部材をクラッチ切り方向側から受け止め支持する受け面を従動側伝動部材に形成し、前記押圧部材に加えられたクラッチ切り方向への操作力を前記受け面を介して従動側伝動部材に伝えるよう構成してあることを特徴とする作業機のＰＴＯクラッチ構造。 The PTO clutch that interrupts power transmission to the PTO shaft is configured as a multi-plate clutch,
By sliding the driven side transmission member with a spring, the friction plate interposed between the driven side transmission member and the drive side transmission member is brought into pressure contact to bring the clutch into engagement, and the driven side transmission member is resisted against the spring. Then, it is configured to release the pressure contact by moving backward and bring about a clutch disengagement state,
A pressing member that is non-rotatable with respect to the transmission case and that is displaceable in the clutch axial direction; a receiving surface that receives and supports the pressing member from the clutch disengagement direction side is formed on the driven transmission member; A PTO clutch structure for a working machine, wherein the operating force in the clutch disengagement direction is transmitted to the driven transmission member via the receiving surface. 前記押圧部材の側面と前記従動側伝動部材の受け面との間に摩擦抵抗増大用のフェーシング材を介在してあることを特徴とする請求項１記載の作業機のＰＴＯクラッチ構造。   2. A PTO clutch structure for a working machine according to claim 1, wherein a facing material for increasing frictional resistance is interposed between a side surface of the pressing member and a receiving surface of the driven transmission member.
JP2003298591A 2003-08-22 2003-08-22 PTO clutch structure of work equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4304026B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114776719A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-07-22 太仓博正数控科技有限公司 Overload-proof safety type numerical control machine tool coupling

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114776719A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-07-22 太仓博正数控科技有限公司 Overload-proof safety type numerical control machine tool coupling

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