JP2005029445A - Fertilizer or soil conditioner and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Fertilizer or soil conditioner and method of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005029445A JP2005029445A JP2003272613A JP2003272613A JP2005029445A JP 2005029445 A JP2005029445 A JP 2005029445A JP 2003272613 A JP2003272613 A JP 2003272613A JP 2003272613 A JP2003272613 A JP 2003272613A JP 2005029445 A JP2005029445 A JP 2005029445A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
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- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
植物の育成栽培に必要となる肥料、それも特に家畜***物による有機肥料に係わり、家畜を飼育する牧畜業から、そこで排出される家畜***物を取り扱う処理業や運搬業、建て屋を建築する建築土木業、それに付随する設備機械関係業、生産機械、包装資材、化学肥料、販売組織その他の各技術分野に、主にそれを使用する側に当る農業、一般市民等、肥料に直接、間接に係わりを持つことになるするあらゆる技術分野に関係する。 Fertilizers necessary for plant cultivation and cultivation, especially organic fertilizers from livestock excreta, build a processing industry, a transportation industry and a building to handle livestock excreta discharged from livestock breeding Directly and indirectly on fertilizers, such as agriculture, general citizens, etc., mainly on the side that uses it in the construction civil engineering industry, equipment machinery related industries, production machinery, packaging materials, chemical fertilizers, sales organizations and other technical fields Related to any technical field that will be involved in.
（視 点）
我が国の経済状況は、ここ数年に渡って不況を託っていて、工業製品の殆どが、近隣後進国からの安価な輸入品に押されっぱなしの状況のままに推移し、いよいよ国内生産品の競争力は失墜の一途を辿っていて不況脱出の糸口を見出せないでいるが、規制緩和の一環から農産物市場も徐々に解放され始めていて、既に一部農産物についての市場解放を実施している以上、現況工業製品同様に国内農産物についても次第に外圧が強まってきて、その自由化が進められていくことは必死の情勢であることから、こうした厳しい環境を迎えるに当っては、外国からの安価で豊富な農産物に対しても十分に対抗し得るだけの農業技術を確立し、特色ある効率的な農産物を作り出していく努力が不可欠となる。
(point of view)
Japan's economic situation has been in recession for the past few years, and most of the industrial products have remained pushed by cheap imports from neighboring underdeveloped countries. Although the competitiveness of the products has been steadily disappearing, we cannot find a clue to escape from the recession, but the agricultural market has gradually begun to be released as part of the deregulation, and some agricultural products have already been released. As a result, the external pressure on domestic agricultural products as well as the current industrial products has gradually increased, and it is a desperate situation for the liberalization of domestic agricultural products. Efforts to establish agricultural technologies that can sufficiently compete with cheap and abundant agricultural products and produce unique and efficient agricultural products are indispensable.
その一つとして、消費者側の健康管理に関する意識の昂揚で有害食品に対する評価が極めて厳しくなり、従前までのような増産のための化学肥料や農薬に頼った農作物が敬遠され、可能な限り自然農法によって生産された農作物を買い求めようとする傾向が強まってきていて、有機農法生産に大きな期待を寄せられており、かって化学肥料や農薬に頼っていなかった時代の生産技術として主役であった堆肥に代表される有機質肥料や土壌改良材を使って生産した農産物は、価格帯では不利である筈のところ、購買意欲をそそられて消費が伸びるという現象が起きていることに着目し、手間暇を掛けてでも安全な農産物作りを志向しようとする動きがある。 As one of them, the evaluation of harmful foods has become extremely strict due to the raising of awareness about health management on the consumer side, and crops that depend on chemical fertilizers and pesticides for increasing production as before have been avoided, and as much as possible Compost, which has become a major player in production in the era when there has been an increasing tendency to purchase agricultural products produced by farming methods, and there has been great expectations for organic farming production. Agricultural products produced using organic fertilizers and soil amendments represented by are disadvantageous in the price range, but paying attention to the fact that consumption has increased due to purchase incentives. There is a movement to try to make safe agricultural products.
畜産農業の盛んな東北・北海道地域等では、家畜等の生糞を利用した有機質肥料や土壌改良材の生産が可能になってしまえば、そうした動きに呼応した安全で特色のある農産物の作付けが広がり、輸入農産品に負けない農産物の生産が可能になって生産農家の活性化に役立つのは勿論のこと、経営基盤の弱い多くの畜産農家にあっては、家畜等の生糞処理施設のために多大の経費を投入せずとも、有効利用に繋がって場合によっては利益に還元できる道が開けて経営を安定させると共に、何よりも辺りに生糞公害を巻き起こしてしまうといった弊害を払拭できることにも繋がることから、家畜等の生糞の有機質肥料や土壌改良材への再利用が望まれていた。 In Tohoku and Hokkaido areas where livestock farming is prosperous, if it becomes possible to produce organic fertilizers and soil amendments using live droppings such as livestock, it is possible to plant safe and distinctive agricultural products in response to such movements. Many farming farmers with weak management bases will be able to produce live feces for facilities such as livestock. Therefore, without investing a great deal of expenses, it will lead to effective use and, in some cases, will open the way to return to profits and stabilize management, and above all, it will be able to eliminate the harmful effects of causing live feces pollution Therefore, it has been desired to reuse raw feces such as livestock for organic fertilizer and soil conditioner.
（従来の技術）
しかし、手間暇を掛けるとはいっても、かっての堆肥のように、藁や牧草等の有機質繊維に家畜の生糞を混入して自然発酵させただけのものでは、甚だしい悪臭を伴ってしまい、仮令農産物の生産には有効であるとしても作業上からは極めて取り扱いの悪い資材となって敬遠されることになるのは必定であるばかりでなく、何よりも近隣住民に迷惑が掛かり、場合によっては公害問題となってしまうことも想定しておかなければならないことから、それら問題に対処可能とする家畜***物による土壌改良材、およびそのための製造方法の実現化に取り組み、本願の発明者においては、既に期待どおりのものを特開２０００−１８５９８８「肥料または土壌改良材、ならびにその製造方法」発明として完成し、有機栽培農産物の生産に大いに役立てられていると共に、畜産農家からは家畜***物処理の問題を解決する手段として盛んに歓迎され、次第に普及をしてきている。
(Conventional technology)
However, although it takes a lot of time and effort, as in the case of compost, the one that is simply fermented with livestock feces mixed with organic fibers such as straw and pasture is accompanied by a strong odor. Even if it is effective for the production of temporary agricultural products, it is not only necessary to be avoided as a material that is extremely poorly handled from the work, but above all, it causes inconvenience to neighboring residents, and in some cases Since it must also be assumed that it will be a pollution problem, the inventors of the present application are working on the realization of a soil improvement material by livestock excreta that makes it possible to deal with these problems, and a manufacturing method therefor. The one that has already been expected is completed as an invention of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-185888 “Fertilizer or soil improvement material and method for producing the same”, and greatly contributes to the production of organically grown agricultural products. Together are temple, from livestock farmers been actively welcomed as a means for solving the problems of livestock excreta treatment, it has been gradually dissemination.
（問題意識）
この発明は、家畜***物、特に含有水分量の多い生豚糞、生牛糞等の処理、活用という課題を掲げて完成をみた上記先行発明に関連し、この含有水分量が多くて処理が厄介な生豚糞、生牛糞等の取扱いの改善や、有機質肥料あるいは土壌改良材の成分強化に繋がると共に、同じく家畜***物の一つでもある鶏糞処理の問題にも対処できることになって養鶏農家の経営に利するようにはならないかとの認識を抱いたものである。
(Awareness of problems)
The present invention relates to the preceding invention which has been completed with the task of processing and utilizing livestock excreta, particularly raw pig excrement and raw cow excrement having a high water content, and the processing is troublesome due to the high water content. As well as improving the handling of raw pig manure, raw cattle manure, etc., strengthening the ingredients of organic fertilizers or soil amendments, it is possible to cope with the problem of chicken manure disposal, which is also one of the livestock excreta. It has an awareness that it will be useful for management.
（発明の目的）
上記認識から、本願出願人、発明者は、肥料や土壌改良材として有力な有機質資材でありながら、未だ効率的な処理ができるようにする有効な手段が講じられていない家畜***物、特に含有水分量が多くて処理の厄介な生豚糞、生牛糞等と、その水分調整、成分補給用として鶏糞灰とを併用して、殆ど無臭で粒状化してなるものとして取り扱いがし易くなるようにすると共に、家畜***物の円滑な処理をなし得るようにし、それらによる公害対策としても寄与し得るものとすべく、逸速くその開発、研究に着手し、長期に渡る試行錯誤と幾多の試作、実験とを繰り返してきた結果、今回、遂に新規な構成からなる家畜***物による土壌改良材、およびそのための新規な製造方法を実現化することに成功したものであり、以下では、図面に示すこの発明を代表する実施例と共に、その構成を詳述することとする。
(Object of invention)
Based on the above recognition, the present applicant and the inventor are not limited to livestock excreta, particularly effective materials that enable efficient treatment while being effective organic materials as fertilizers and soil improvers. Use raw pig dung, raw cow dung, etc., which have a lot of moisture and are difficult to process, and chicken dung ash for adjusting the water content and replenishing ingredients, so that it is almost odorless and easy to handle. At the same time, in order to be able to smoothly handle livestock excrement, and to contribute to pollution control by them, we started its development and research quickly, trial and error over a long period of time, and many prototypes, As a result of repeating the experiment, this time, we have finally succeeded in realizing a soil improvement material with livestock excrement composed of a novel structure, and a novel manufacturing method therefor. With examples representative of the invention and specifically described the configuration.
（発明の構成）
この発明の肥料または土壌改良材は、基本的に次のとおりの構成を要旨としている。 即ち、発酵過程の有機質資材に、所定割合で鶏糞灰を加えた家畜の生***物を散布、供給しては撹拌を繰り返し、略３０日間に渡って強制発酵させてなる一次処理***物に対し、所定割合で少なくとも植物肥料三要素の一つが添加されて半ば粒状化して二次処理***物としてから、屋根付き堆積場に堆積、放置し、８〜９ケ月間、７０°を越えない条件下にて熟成発酵させ、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散してしまい、最終的に含水比２０％以下の粒状物に調整してなるものとした構成を要旨とする肥料または土壌改良材である。
(Structure of the invention)
The fertilizer or soil improvement material of this invention is basically summarized as follows. In other words, the livestock excretion of livestock with chicken dung ash added to the organic material in the fermentation process is sprayed, supplied, stirred repeatedly, and then subjected to forced fermentation over approximately 30 days. In addition, at least one of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added at a predetermined ratio, and it is granulated into a secondary treatment waste, and then deposited and left in a covered sedimentation area, and it does not exceed 70 ° for 8 to 9 months. A fertilizer or soil conditioner whose composition is such that the moisture content is forced to diverge by fermentation heat in the meantime, and the water content is finally adjusted to 20% or less. is there.
この基本的な構成からなる肥料または土壌改良材を、より具体的な構成のものとして示せば、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げた発酵過程の有機質資材の上から、鶏糞灰を加えた家畜の生***物を毎回略均質に散布、供給しながら１回／日の撹拌を繰り返し、略３０日間に渡って強制発酵させてなる一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つが添加され、略１０日間程度、生糞の供給なしで、１回／日の撹拌だけを継続しながら半ば粒状化してなる二次処理***物とした上、それら半ば粒状化した二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを８〜９ケ月間に渡って繰り返し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させ、最終的に含水比２０％以下の三次処理***物とすることにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止させた粒状物とした肥料または土壌改良材ということができる。 If the fertilizer or soil amendment composed of this basic composition is shown as a more specific composition, chicken manure from above fermented organic materials spread approximately 40-50 cm thick on an indoor concrete floor. Suitable for target crops for primary treated excrement that is fertilized for about 30 days by repeating agitation once / day while spraying and supplying live excrement of livestock with added ash almost uniformly. One of the three elements of plant fertilizer was added at a high rate, and about 10 days, without the supply of raw feces, it was a secondary treatment excrement that was half-granulated while continuing to stir only once per day, These semi-granulated secondary treatment wastes are piled up in a covered sedimentation area, left standing in a naturally ventilated environment and matured and fermented. Once the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °, one turnover is 8 ~ Repeat over 9 months, The fertilizer in the form of a granulated product that was forced to cease and fermented temporarily by completely fermenting the fermented product by compulsorily distilling the water content with the heat of fermentation and finally producing a tertiary treatment waste with a water content ratio of 20% or less. Or it can be called soil improvement material.
さらに具体的には、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げた発酵過程の有機質資材の上から、鶏糞灰を加えた家畜の生***物を毎回略０．０１立方ｍ／平方ｍ
前後の割合となるよう略均質に散布、供給しながら、略８０回／分程度の回転数でロータリー爪を回転させながら略７０ｍ／ｈ程度の速度で進行する撹拌を１回／日、略３０日間に渡って繰り返し、強制発酵させて得られる含水率２５〜２８％程度となった一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つが添加され、略１０日間程度、鶏糞灰入り生糞の供給なしで、１回／日の撹拌だけを継続しながら半ば粒状化してなる二次処理***物とした上、それら半ば粒状化した二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°Ｃを越えない段階に１回の切り返しを８〜９ケ月間に渡って繰り返し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させ、最終的に含水率２０％以下の三次処理***物とすることにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止させた粒状物としてなる構成の肥料または土壌改良材となる。
More specifically, live excrement of livestock with chicken dung ash added from the organic material in the fermentation process spread almost flatly to a thickness of about 40 to 50 cm on the indoor concrete floor is about 0.01 cubic m / square each time. m
Agitating at a speed of about 70 m / h while rotating the rotary claw at a rotation speed of about 80 times / minute while spraying and supplying substantially uniformly at a rate of about 1 time / day, about 30 Over about 10 days, one of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added to the primary treatment excrement that has been obtained by repeated forced fermentation over a period of time and has a moisture content of about 25 to 28%, in a proportion suitable for the target crop. Without the supply of raw dung containing chicken dung ash, it was made a secondary treatment excrement that was semi-granulated while continuing agitation only once / day, and the semi-granulated secondary treatment excrement was deposited with a roof. The piles are piled up on the ground, left to stand in a natural ventilation environment, matured and fermented. When the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 ° C, one turnover is repeated for 8 to 9 months. Moisture content is forcibly released and finally moisture content is 2 % With the following tertiary treatment excrement completely with fermented ripening, a fertilizer or soil improvement agent temporarily fermentation made as granules in which forcibly stopped configuration.
（関連する発明）
この発明には、以上のような構成からなる肥料または土壌改良材に関連し、次のような構成からなる肥料または土壌改良材の製造方法を包含している。 ［第１工程］ 堆肥化したオガ屑等の有機繊維材や、一次処理済み家畜***物等のような発酵過程にある有機質資材を、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げ、その上から家畜の生***物だけを毎回略均質に散布、供給しながら１回／日の撹拌を略３０日に渡って繰り返すことにより、強制発酵させてなる一次処理***物を作り出す工程。
(Related invention)
The present invention relates to a fertilizer or soil conditioner having the above-described configuration, and includes a method for producing a fertilizer or soil conditioner having the following configuration. [First step] An organic fiber material such as composted sawdust and an organic material in a fermentation process such as primary treated livestock excrement is spread almost flat on an indoor concrete floor to a thickness of about 40 to 50 cm. A process of producing primary treated excrement by forcibly fermenting by repeating agitation once / day over approximately 30 days while spraying and supplying only live excrement of livestock almost uniformly each time.
［第２工程］ 屋内コンクリート床上に略平らに広げられたままの第１工程終了後の一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つを添加した上、生糞の供給はしないで、さらに１回／日の撹拌を略１０日間程度に渡って継続することにより、粒状化してなる二次処理***物とする工程。 [Second Step] One of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added to the primary treatment excrement after the completion of the first step, which is spread almost flat on the indoor concrete floor, in a proportion suitable for the target crop. The process of making it the secondary treatment excrement formed by granulating by continuing the stirring once per day for about 10 days without supplying feces.
［第３工程］ それら粒状化された二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させる工程。 [Third step] The granulated secondary treatment excrement is piled up in a covered sedimentation area, left to stand in a naturally ventilated environment and aged and fermented, once when the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 ° The process of carrying out the reversal of and forcibly releasing the contained water with the heat of fermentation during that time.
［第４工程］ 以下、同様に発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の自己発熱よって含有水分を徐々に強制発散させる工程を、最終的に含水率２０％以下となるまでの略８〜９ケ月間に渡って適宜回数だけ繰り返すことにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止した状態の三次処理***物を得るようにする工程。 以上、第１ないし４工程によって製造する肥料または土壌改良材の製造方法である。 [Fourth Step] Hereinafter, similarly, a step of performing turnover once in a stage where the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °, and gradually forcibly releasing the contained water by self-heating during that time, finally the moisture content 20% The process of obtaining the tertiary treatment excretion in a state where fermentation is completely fermented and fermented, and fermentation is temporarily stopped by repeating as many times as appropriate over approximately 8 to 9 months until the following. The above is a method for producing a fertilizer or soil improver produced by the first to fourth steps.
以上のように、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材、およびその製造方法は、家畜***物、特に含有水分量の多くてその取扱いが厄介な豚、牛等の糞尿をそのまま扱うのではなく、所定の割合で鶏糞灰を混入して水分調整をし、その取扱い作業性を改善、処理してなる生糞にした上、直接一次処理***物に散布、供給するという工程を経て製造することができることから、先に開発済みのものに比較して家畜糞尿の処理対策効率が大巾に大巾にされることになり、周辺畜産農家からの糞尿を運搬、集中して日々糞尿の処理を効率的に実施でき、何等近隣住民に迷惑を掛けることもなく糞尿処理を可能にするものであり、したがって、従前からの課題となっていた家畜***物による公害問題を一挙に解決できるという大きな特徴を有している。 As described above, the fertilizer or soil improver of the present invention and the method for producing the same do not handle livestock excreta, particularly manure such as pigs and cows, which contain a large amount of water and are difficult to handle. It can be manufactured through a process of mixing chicken dung ash at a rate of, adjusting the moisture, improving its handling workability, making it raw raw dung, and spraying and supplying directly to the primary treatment excrement As a result, the treatment efficiency of livestock manure will be greatly increased compared to the previously developed ones, and manure from surrounding livestock farmers will be transported and concentrated to efficiently handle daily manure Therefore, it is possible to dispose of manure without causing any inconvenience to neighboring residents.Therefore, it has a major feature that it can solve the pollution problem caused by livestock excrement, which has been a problem in the past. is doing.
しかも、その製造工程は、鶏糞灰を所定割合混入してなる生糞尿の散布、攪拌をする第１工程は固より、植物肥料三要素の混合をする第２工程とも、コンクリート床を有する建屋内において機械化して実施することができるため、処理作業は極めて小人数の作業者によって効率的に実施でき、その過程で悪臭を周辺に撒き散らす虞がない上、強制発酵させられる結果、早期の中に悪臭自体も消滅して略１ケ月程度の極めて短期間を経過させた後には、雨水を防止できる屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積しても、何等悪臭の問題を生ずることもなく、自然通風環境下に放置したまま、温度管理による切り返しを機械的に繰り返していって、その含水率を目安に熟成発酵程度の確認をしながら所定期間を経過しさえすれば、高品質の肥料または土壌改良材の製造が可能になるという簡便且つ効率的な製造方法となっており、上記のように糞尿処理に大いに役立ちながら、加えて家畜***物という極めて有用な資材から安価で、しかも混入した鶏糞灰によって有効性分を強化した高品質の肥料または土壌改良材が比較的短期間の中に生産できることとなって、畜産農家にとっては、二重の経済効果がもたらされ、農家経営を安定させる上で大いに役立つことになるという秀れた効果が得られることになる。 Moreover, the manufacturing process is a building having a concrete floor in both the second process of mixing the three elements of plant fertilizer, the first process of spraying and stirring raw dung urine mixed with chicken manure ash in a predetermined ratio. Therefore, the processing work can be carried out efficiently by a very small number of workers, and there is no risk of stinking odors in the process. After the odor itself disappeared and after a very short period of about one month, even if it piles up in a covered sedimentation area that can prevent rainwater, it does not cause any odor problems, and the natural ventilation environment If it is left unattended and mechanically repeats switching by temperature control, and confirms the degree of aging fermentation using the moisture content as a guideline, a high-quality fertilizer or soil amendment can be obtained. It is a simple and efficient production method that makes it possible to produce timber, and as described above, it is very useful for manure processing, but in addition, it is cheap from extremely useful materials such as livestock excreta, and mixed chicken manure ash As a result, high-quality fertilizers or soil amendments with enhanced effectiveness can be produced in a relatively short period of time, providing a double economic effect for livestock farmers and stabilizing farm management. The excellent effect that it will be very useful is obtained.
一方、こうして得られたこの発明の肥料または土壌改良材は、家畜***物という極めて有効な有機質資材から直接発酵、熟成されたものとなり、混入した鶏糞灰によって有効性分が強化されて極めて肥料成分に富み、しかも目的に応じて植物肥料三要素の一つが適宜選択に配合されたものになる上、大量且つ安定した生産が可能であって、しかも従前からの有機質肥料や土壌改良材に比較してもかなり安価に供給できることから、それまでの化学肥料の使い過ぎによる地力の衰えを回復させ、自由化された農産物に対抗するための高品質、無農薬農産物の効率的生産が迫られている各種生産農家にとって、極めて有用且つ安全なものとして手軽に受け入れ、使用することを可能にし、その結果、有用微生物の積極的な持ち込み効果、硫化水素や地中有害ガス発生の防止効果、リン酸の固定化防止効果、窒素の固定、菌増殖効果等がもたらされ、土壌改良が円滑に進み、植物成育のための秀れた肥料効果が大いに期待できるものとなり、生産農家の意欲向上に繋がっていくものと考えられる。 On the other hand, the fertilizer or soil improvement material of the present invention thus obtained is directly fermented and matured from an extremely effective organic material such as livestock excrement, and its effectiveness is enhanced by the mixed chicken manure ash, which is an extremely fertilizer component In addition, one of the three elements of plant fertilizer is appropriately selected according to the purpose, and it is possible to produce a large amount and stably, and compared with conventional organic fertilizer and soil improver. However, since it can be supplied at a relatively low price, it is necessary to recover the decline in geopower caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizer and to efficiently produce high-quality, pesticide-free agricultural products to counter liberalized agricultural products. For various producers, it can be easily accepted and used as extremely useful and safe. As a result, the positive effect of bringing in useful microorganisms, hydrogen sulfide The effects of preventing the generation of harmful underground gases, the effect of preventing the fixation of phosphoric acid, the fixation of nitrogen, the effect of bacterial growth, etc. are brought about, and the soil improvement progresses smoothly, and excellent fertilizer effects for plant growth are greatly expected. It will be possible to improve the motivation of producers.
さらに、この肥料または土壌改良剤は、殆ど無臭であって、一時的に発酵停止状況とした手頃な乾燥状態で粒状のものに形成され、しかもその取り扱いがし易いよう所定量毎に袋詰めしたものとして提供可能となることから、農地への散布作業にとっては勿論のこと、保管、管理等といった面での取り扱いに際しても極めて都合の良いものになるという特徴も加わって、農産物輸入の自由化という厳しい局面に直面することになっても、十分に競争力のある高品質の作物作りが保証され、農家経営の安定化に役立ち得るという秀れた効果を奏することにもなる。 Furthermore, this fertilizer or soil conditioner is almost odorless, is formed into a granular material in an affordable dry state temporarily suspended, and is packed in bags every predetermined amount for easy handling. Since it can be provided as a product, it will be very convenient for handling in terms of storage, management, etc., as well as spraying work on agricultural land, and it will be a liberalization of imports of agricultural products. Even in the face of a tough situation, it is guaranteed to produce high-quality crops that are sufficiently competitive, and has the excellent effect of helping to stabilize farm management.
一次処理***物は、先ず、有機質資材、例えば、オガクズやカンナクズ、樹皮片等といった木質系の有機素材の外、藁や牧草、米ヌカ等を、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに敷き広げた上、糞尿や適宜発酵促進剤を散布する等して発酵を促し、かなりの程度にまで堆肥化した所定深さの発酵床を予め用意した後、それに所定割合で鶏糞灰を加えることによって水分調整がなされ、取り扱いし易くなった家畜の生糞を毎回略均質に散布、供給しながら１回／日の撹拌を略３０日間に渡って繰り返し、強制発酵させることにより、その発酵過程で水分がかなりの程度蒸発して含水率で２５〜２８％程度となり、黒変した泥状物質となった性状のものを指している。したがって、この発明による肥料または土壌改良材の製造工程が稼働し始めてからは、改めてオガクズやカンナクズ等といった有機質資材からの発酵床作りは必要とせず、この一次処理***物となったものの一部、所定量だけを次の二次処理***物に回し、残りを発酵床にしていくようにすることにより、オがクズやカンナクズ等を使った発酵床作りを省略したままで、永久にこの発明の肥料または土壌改良材を得るようにすることもできる。 Firstly, the waste from primary treatment is made from organic materials such as sawdust, cannabis, and bark pieces, as well as straw, grass, rice bran, etc., on an indoor concrete floor, approximately 40-50 cm thick. Spread fertilizer, spread fertilizer and appropriate fermentation accelerators to promote fermentation, prepare a fermentation bed of a predetermined depth composted to a considerable extent, and add chicken manure ash at a predetermined ratio to it. The fertilization process is carried out by repeating forced stirring for approximately 30 days while spraying and supplying live feces of livestock that has been adjusted for moisture and made easy to handle almost uniformly each time. In this case, the water content is evaporated to a considerable degree and the water content becomes about 25 to 28%, which indicates the property of a blackened mud substance. Therefore, after the manufacturing process of the fertilizer or soil improvement material according to the present invention has started to operate, it is not necessary to make a fermentation bed from organic materials such as sawdust and cannabis, and a part of what became this primary treatment excrement, By passing only a predetermined amount to the next secondary treatment excrement and making the rest as a fermentation bed, O kept omitting the creation of a fermentation bed using scraps, kannakuz, etc. Fertilizers or soil amendments can also be obtained.
二次処理***物は、三次処理***物、即ち、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材とするための前段階の性状のもので、上記した一次処理***物（既述のとおり、その全てを対象にするとは限らず、その中の所定量だけを対象とし、その余は、そのまま発酵床として残し、再び生糞だけを供給するものになる場合も含む。）に、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素、即ち窒素、燐酸、カリの一つが添加された上、略１０日間程度、生糞の供給なしで１回／日の撹拌だけを継続することにより、不均一ではあるものの粒状化した性状のものとして得られ、それらは、三次処理***物とするために、それまでの屋内から屋根付き堆積場に移されることになる。 The secondary treatment waste is the tertiary treatment waste, that is, the property of the previous stage for making the fertilizer or soil amendment material of the present invention. It is not necessarily limited to a certain amount, and only the predetermined amount is targeted, and the remainder is left as a fermentation bed, and only raw stool is supplied again.) By adding one of the three elements of plant fertilizer, ie, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, and continuing stirring only once / day for about 10 days without supplying raw feces, granulation of non-uniform material They will be transferred to the roofed sedimentation area from the previous interior to produce tertiary waste.
三次処理***物は、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止させた含水率２０％以下で、かなり平均化した粒状物となった、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材となるものであり、大きさ、形ともまちまちで必ずしも平均化しておらず、団塊状のものも多く含む状態の先の二次処理***物を、雨水を防止できる屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置したままで熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°Ｃに達して、有効な微生物を死滅させ、効果的な微生物分解作用を阻害して適正にセルロース分解期が経過しなくなってしまう前の段階（時節の違いや、同時期でも天候によっても左右されるが、１０ないし１５日間程度の間隔）を見計らって、そのタイミングに１回の切り返しを８〜９ケ月間（含有水分が略２０％以下、望ましくは１６％程度に達し、一時的に発酵を停止した状態になるまでの期間）に渡って繰り返すことにより、その間に自らの発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させると共に、大きい粒度のものを自然崩壊させ、できるだけ平均化した粒度のものになるようにして得られる。 The tertiary treatment excrement is a fertilizer or soil conditioner according to the present invention that has been completely fermented and matured, and has become a granular material that is considerably averaged at a moisture content of 20% or less in which fermentation is temporarily stopped. Naturally ventilated by depositing the waste from the secondary treatment in a state where the size and shape vary and are not necessarily averaged, and also contain a large amount of nodules in a covered sedimentation area where rainwater can be prevented. Aging fermentation is carried out while left in the environment, and the heat of fermentation reaches 70 ° C., killing effective microorganisms, inhibiting the effective microbial decomposition action, and the cellulose decomposition period does not pass properly. At the previous stage (depending on the time of the day, depending on the period and the weather, the interval of about 10 to 15 days), at the timing, one turnover is performed for 8 to 9 months (the water content is almost omitted) 20% or more , Preferably reaching about 16%, and repeating over a period until the fermentation is temporarily stopped), during which the moisture content is forced to divert with its own heat of fermentation, It can be obtained by natural disintegration and an average particle size as much as possible.
なお、この三次処理***物は、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材としてそのまま提供しても勿論差支えはないが、その取り扱い上、あるいは製品化上の都合から、一旦篩に掛けてより粒度を平均化してから所定量毎袋詰めして提供するようにし、除かれた所定粒度以下のものは、オガクズやカンナクズ等といった有機質資材の発酵床作りに回したり、家畜***物や一次処理***物の中に混入使用することになる。 This tertiary treatment excrement can of course be provided as it is as a fertilizer or soil conditioner of the present invention, but for convenience of handling or commercialization, the particle size is averaged by sieving once. If the product is smaller than the specified particle size, it can be used for making fermented floors of organic materials such as sawdust and cannabis, and in livestock waste and primary waste. Will be mixed and used.
また、この発明の家畜***物は、特に家畜の種類を特定するものではなく、牛糞、豚糞その他であって、畜舎から回収した直後の生糞をそのままであって、それら生糞に対して所定割合、例えば生糞が豚糞である場合には、豚糞２に対して鶏糞灰１の割合で混入して結果的に水分調整されたような状態に調整処理したものを用いることになる。但し、その種類、あるいは同種の生糞でも季節の違い等によって含有水分量が異なる場合には、その配合割合を適宜調整されなければならないことはいうまでもない。 In addition, the livestock excrement of the present invention does not particularly specify the type of livestock, but is cow dung, pig dung, and the like, and the raw dung immediately after being collected from the barn remains as it is. In the case where the raw dung is a pig dung, for example, a mixture of chicken dung ash 1 with respect to the pig dung 2 and, as a result, adjusted to a state in which moisture is adjusted is used. . However, it goes without saying that the mixing ratio must be adjusted as appropriate when the water content differs depending on the season or the like even in the same type or the same type of raw feces.
その際に組み合わせ、混入されることとなる鶏糞灰は、鶏を出荷した後の鶏舎にあって、当該鶏舎内に残置、堆積する鶏糞を専用の熊手等の器具を使って床から剥がすようにしてよく撹拌し、そのまま２ないし５日放置するようにして幾分乾燥（この段階で含有水分は略４０％前後になる。）させた後に、それら鶏糞を処理倉庫内に集め、例えば鶏舎暖房用のボイラーを鶏糞処理ボイラーに利用し、例えば、鶏糞１．５トンであれば、４００℃以上の温度で２０時間に渡って焼却処理してしまうことによって得ることができ、家畜生糞への混入作業に有利になるよう、市販のトランスパック詰め等として所定量毎の取扱いができるようにしておくと好都合のものとなる。 The chicken dung ash that will be combined and mixed in that case is left in the poultry house after the chickens are shipped, and the chicken dung accumulated in the house is peeled off from the floor using a dedicated rake or other equipment. Stir well and leave it for 2 to 5 days to dry somewhat (at this stage, the water content is about 40%), then collect the chicken manure in the processing warehouse, for example for heating a chicken house For example, if the chicken manure is 1.5 tons, it can be obtained by incineration at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher for 20 hours, and mixed with livestock manure. In order to be advantageous for the work, it is convenient to be able to handle every predetermined amount as a commercially available transpack.
以上のとおりの構成を要旨とするこの発明の理解を助けるため、次に具体的な肥料または土壌改良材の製造方法について説示することとする。 先ず、第１工程において、例えば鶏糞１生豚糞２となる割合等、所定割合で鶏糞灰を加えた生豚糞の散布、供給は、以前の本願出願人・発明者において開発済みとなっている鶏糞灰を全く加えていない家畜の生***物によるものの場合とは違い、特に含有水分量が多くて処理の厄介な生豚糞、生牛糞等は鶏糞灰によって水分調整され、全体としての含有水分量に変化はない（したがって、この工程における強制発に支障来すことはない。）にしてもその取扱い作業性が大巾に改善され、作業工程の効率化と作業場等環境衛生の向上とに繋がることになる。 In order to help the understanding of the present invention having the above-described configuration as a gist, a specific method for producing a fertilizer or a soil conditioner will be described next. First, in the first step, for example, the distribution and supply of raw pig dung with chicken dung ash added at a predetermined ratio, such as the ratio of chicken dung 1 raw pig dung 2, etc. has been developed by the previous applicant / inventor of the present application. Unlike the case of the livestock excrement of livestock that does not add any chicken dung ash, especially raw pig dung and raw cow dung, etc., which have a high water content and are difficult to process, are moisture-adjusted by chicken dung ash and contained as a whole Even if there is no change in the amount of water (thus, there will be no hindrance to the forced emission in this process), the handling workability will be greatly improved, the work process will be more efficient and the workplace will be improved in environmental hygiene. It will lead to.
この散布、供給工程では、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げ、堆肥化したオガ屑等の有機繊維材や、一次処理済み家畜***物等のような発酵過程にある有機質資材の上から、毎回１平方米当り略０．０１５立方米
前後（含有水分量が多い生豚糞、生牛糞だけの場合よりも多め）の割合となるようにして実施されるようにし、それと同時に略８５回／分程度（生豚糞、生牛糞だけの場合よりも多め）の回転数でロータリー爪を回転させながら略７０ｍ／ｈ程度かそれよりもやや遅めの速度で低速進行するようにした撹拌を、１回／日の割合で略３０日間に渡って繰り返し実行していくやりかたを標準とし、それら家畜生糞の単位面積当たりの散布量、ロータリー爪の回転数と進行速度、およびそれらの相対的な関係は、生糞の種類、即ち家畜の種類、水分の多寡、時節の違い等による気温差等の要素に応じ、前記した標準的な値から適宜増減調節して、その過程における生糞の強制発酵が理想的に進行するよう管理していき、その含水率［水分／（固体＋水分）］で２５〜２８％前後、望ましくは２６％前後の値にまで達し、異臭の発散が殆ど無くなる状態を以て発酵程度を判断する目安とすることにより、効率的に一次処理***物を作り出すようにすべきである。
In this spraying and supplying process, organic fiber materials such as sawdust, etc. that have been spread almost flatly on an indoor concrete floor to a thickness of about 40 to 50 cm and composted, and organic materials that are in the fermentation process such as primary livestock excrement etc. From the top, it is carried out at a rate of around 0.015 cubic rice per square meter each time (a lot more than raw pig dung with a high water content, raw cow dung alone), and at the same time While rotating the rotary claw at about 85 times / minute (more than in the case of raw pig dung and raw cow dung alone), the speed is about 70 m / h or slightly slower than that. The standard method is to repeat the agitation performed once per day for approximately 30 days, the amount of application of livestock feces per unit area, the number and speed of rotation of the rotary claws, and Relative relationship Depending on factors such as the type of live feces, that is, the type of livestock, the amount of water, the temperature difference due to the difference in time, etc., the increase and decrease adjustment from the standard value as appropriate, the forced fermentation of live feces in the process It is managed so that it progresses ideally, and its moisture content [moisture / (solid + moisture)] reaches a value of around 25-28%, preferably around 26%, and fermentation takes place with almost no odor divergence. By using the degree as a guideline, it should be possible to efficiently produce primary waste.
第２工程では、上記第１工程終了後の一次処理***物を、そのまま屋内コンクリート床上に略平らに広げた状態としておき、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素、即ち窒素、燐酸、カリの中の少なくとても一つを添加した上、全く生糞の供給はしないで、さらに１回／日の撹拌を略１０日間程度に渡って継続することにより、半ば粒状化、即ち粒の大きさ、形とも不揃いである上、団塊状のものも含む等、やや柔らかめの泥状化してなる二次処理***物を形成する。 なお、植物肥料三要素を添加しないで二次処理***物を形成する場合にも、生糞供給なしの１回／日、略１０日間程度に渡る撹拌は、次の第３工程に移行する前処理工程として必ず必要とする。 In the second step, the primary treatment excrement after the completion of the first step is left as it is spread almost flat on the indoor concrete floor, and the plant fertilizer three elements, that is, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, are proportioned to the target crop. In addition to adding at least one of the above, the live feces are not fed at all, and the mixture is further granulated, that is, the size of the grains, by continuing the stirring once per day for about 10 days. In addition to the irregular shape, secondary treatment excreta formed into a slightly softer mud form, including those in the form of nodules. In addition, even when the secondary treatment excrement is formed without adding the plant fertilizer three elements, stirring for about 10 days once / day without the supply of raw feces is performed before moving to the next third step. Necessary as a processing step.
この第２工程で得られた二次処理***物は、引き続き、第３工程として、それまでの屋内から屋根付き堆積場にパワーショベルその他の機械器具を使って移送され、当該屋根付き堆積場において山積み堆積され、自然通風環境下に放置したままで熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階（時節違いや同一時期でも気温、風量等の違いで異なる。）に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させる。この切り返しのタイミングを間違い、早すぎれば熟成発酵に時間が掛かり過ぎて効率的な製造をできなくし、また、遅すぎれば、有効な微生物を死滅させ、何時まで経っても熟成発酵が進まず、腐敗してしまうことから、温度管理を怠らないようにする必要がある。 The secondary treatment excrement obtained in the second step is subsequently transferred from the indoors to the covered deposition site using a power shovel or other machinery as the third step. Stacked piles, aged and fermented while left in a naturally ventilated environment, with one turnover at a stage where the fermentation heat does not exceed 70 ° (differs due to differences in temperature, air volume, etc. even at the same time or at the same time). It is carried out, and the contained water is forcibly released by the heat of fermentation during that time. If the timing of this turnover is incorrect, if too early, it takes too much time for aging fermentation, making it impossible to produce efficiently, and if it is too late, effective microorganisms are killed, and aging fermentation does not progress even after many hours, Since it will rot, it is necessary to neglect temperature control.
以下、同様に発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の自己発熱よって含有水分を徐々に強制発散させる工程を、最終的に含水率２０％以下となるまでの間、生豚糞、生牛糞だけの先に開発済みのものよりも鶏糞灰に含浸した水分の抜けが悪くなる分だけ３〜６ケ月長めとなる略８〜９ケ月間程度の期間（時節違いや同一時期でも気温、風量等の違い等の要因に大きく左右される。）に渡って適宜回数だけ繰り返す第４工程により、完全に発酵熟成した後、水分低下によって一時的に発酵を強制停止した状態となり、全体的に均質化した粒状の三次処理***物、即ちこの発明の肥料または土壌改良材を完成する。 In the same manner, the process of performing turnover once in a stage where the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °, and the process of gradually forcibly releasing the contained water by self-heating during that time, until the moisture content finally becomes 20% or less. The period of about 8-9 months, which is 3-6 months longer than the previously developed one, only the pork dung, raw cow dung, and so on. And at the same time, it depends greatly on factors such as differences in temperature, air volume, etc.) The fermentation process was temporarily stopped due to a decrease in moisture after the fermentation process was completed by the 4th process that was repeated as many times as necessary. It becomes a state, and completes the third-order processing waste, which is generally homogenized, that is, the fertilizer or soil conditioner of the present invention.
この後、必要に応じて、上記のようにして得られた三次処理***物を篩にかけ、３〜１０ｍｍ程度の粒度、望ましくは略５ｍｍ前後のものに揃え、肥料または土壌改良材として取り扱い易くなるようにすると共に、製品としての取り扱いがし易いよう、通気孔を設けた１０キログラム、１５キログラム、……等といった所定単位毎の定量袋に充填、封入するようにした第５工程を加わえ、定量毎袋詰めした肥料または土壌改良材を製造するようにすることもできる。 Thereafter, if necessary, the tertiary treatment excrement obtained as described above is sieved, and it is easy to handle it as a fertilizer or a soil conditioner, with a particle size of about 3 to 10 mm, preferably about 5 mm. In addition, in order to make it easy to handle as a product, in addition to the fifth step, which is filled and sealed in a predetermined amount of a quantitative bag such as 10 kg, 15 kg,... A fertilizer or a soil amendment material packed in a bag can be produced every fixed amount.
（結び）
叙述の如く、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材、およびその製造方法は、厄介者とされてきた家畜***物、特に含有水分量が多くて処理の厄介な生豚糞、生牛糞等の取り扱いが従前のものに比較して大巾に改善されると共に、その改善に寄与する鶏糞灰の有効性分、特にリン酸が強化された極めて高品質の有機質肥料または土壌改良材とすることに成功したものであり、したがって、糞尿公害対策としても以前にも増して高い評価がなされ、生産農家の各種育成作物の生産効率を高める手段として大いに威力を発揮することになって広くそれら農家に受け入れられ、広範に普及、拡大していくことになるのはねみ勿論のこと、農家以外の、例えば、園芸用の土作りに使用したり、台所から出る生ゴミ処理用に採用することができる外、ゴルフ場の芝の健全な生育、管理にも役立つものと考えられ、各方面で大いにその威力を発揮するものになると予想される。
(Conclusion)
As described above, the fertilizer or soil improver of the present invention and the method for producing the same can handle livestock excreta that has been regarded as a troublesome person, particularly raw pig dung, raw cow dung, etc. that have a high water content and are difficult to process. Succeeded in improving the effectiveness of chicken manure ash that contributes to the improvement, especially in the extremely high quality organic fertilizer or soil conditioner with phosphoric acid strengthened. Therefore, as a measure against manure pollution, it has been highly evaluated as before, and it has been widely accepted as a means to increase the production efficiency of various cultivated crops of farmers, Of course, it can be widely used and spread, but it can be used to make soil for gardening other than farmers, for example, or to treat garbage from the kitchen. The healthy growth of the turf, believed to also help in the management, is expected to be intended to exert much its power in various fields.
図面は、この発明の肥料または土壌改良材の製造方法の代表的な実施例を示すものである。
Claims (8)
前後の割合となるよう略均質に散布、供給しながら、略８５回／分程度の回転数でロータリー爪を回転させながら略７０ｍ／ｈ程度の速度で進行する撹拌を１回／日、略３０日間に渡って繰り返し、強制発酵させて得られる含水率２５〜２８％程度となった一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つが添加され、略１０日間程度、鶏糞灰入り生糞の供給なしで、１回／日の撹拌だけを継続しながら半ば粒状化してなる二次処理***物とした上、それら半ば粒状化した二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°Ｃを越えない段階に１回の切り返しを８〜９ケ月間に渡って繰り返し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させ、最終的に含水率２０％以下の三次処理***物とすることにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止させた粒状物としてなることを特徴とする肥料または土壌改良材。 Livelihood excrement of livestock added with chicken manure ash from the organic material in the fermentation process spread almost flatly about 40-50cm thick on the indoor concrete floor is about 0.015 cubic m / square m each time
While stirring and supplying substantially uniformly so as to be the ratio of the front and back, stirring that proceeds at a speed of about 70 m / h while rotating the rotary claw at a speed of about 85 times / min, about 30 times per day, about 30 Over about 10 days, one of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added to the primary treatment excrement that has been obtained by repeated forced fermentation over a period of time and has a moisture content of about 25 to 28%, in a proportion suitable for the target crop. Without the supply of raw dung containing chicken dung ash, it was made a secondary treatment excrement that was semi-granulated while continuing agitation only once / day, and the semi-granulated secondary treatment excrement was deposited with a roof. The piles are piled up on the ground, left to stand in a natural ventilation environment, matured and fermented. When the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 ° C, one turnover is repeated for 8 to 9 months. Moisture content is forcibly released and finally moisture content is 2 % Or less by a tertiary treatment excrement completely with fermented ripening, fertilizer or soil conditioner characterized by comprising a granulate temporarily fermented forcibly stopped.
［第１工程］ 堆肥化したオガ屑等の有機繊維材や、一次処理済み家畜***物等のような発酵過程にある有機質資材を、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げ、その上から鶏糞灰を加えた家畜の生***物を毎回略均質に散布、供給しながら１回／日の撹拌を略３０日に渡って繰り返すことにより、強制発酵させて含水率２５〜２８％程度となった一次処理***物を作り出す工程。
［第２工程］ 屋内コンクリート床上に略平らに広げられたままの第１工程終了後の一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つを添加した上、鶏糞灰入り生糞の供給はしないで、さらに１回／日の撹拌を略１０日間程度に渡って継続することにより、半ば粒状化してなる二次処理***物とする工程。
［第３工程］ それら半ば粒状化されてなる二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させる工程。
［第４工程］ 以下、同様に発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の自己発熱よって含有水分を徐々に強制発散させる工程を、最終的に含水率２０％以下となるまでの略８〜９ケ月間に渡って適宜回数だけ繰り返すことにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止した状態の三次処理***物を得るようにする工程。 It manufactures by the following 1st thru | or 4 processes, The manufacturing method of the fertilizer or soil improvement material in any one of the Claims 1 thru | or 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.
[First step] An organic fiber material such as composted sawdust and an organic material in a fermentation process such as primary treated livestock excrement is spread almost flat on an indoor concrete floor to a thickness of about 40 to 50 cm. From there, the live excrement of livestock added with chicken manure ash is distributed almost uniformly each time, and the water content is 25 to 28% by forced fermentation by repeating once / day stirring for about 30 days while supplying. The process of creating primary treatment excrement to the extent.
[Second Step] One of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added to the primary treatment excrement after the completion of the first step while being spread almost flatly on the indoor concrete floor, and then the chicken manure is added. The process of making the secondary treatment excrement formed into a semi-granular form by not continuing the supply of ash-containing raw feces and further continuing the stirring once per day for about 10 days.
[Third step] The semi-granularized secondary treatment excrement is piled up in a covered sedimentation area, left to stand in a natural ventilation environment and aged and fermented, and the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °. The process of carrying out one turn and forcibly releasing the contained water with the heat of fermentation during that time.
[Fourth Step] Hereinafter, similarly, a step of performing turnover once in a stage where the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °, and gradually forcibly releasing the contained water by self-heating during that time, finally the moisture content 20% The process of obtaining the tertiary treatment excretion in a state where fermentation is completely fermented and fermented, and fermentation is temporarily stopped by repeating as many times as appropriate over approximately 8 to 9 months until the following.
［第１工程］ 堆肥化したオガ屑等の有機繊維材や、一次処理済み家畜***物等のような発酵過程にある有機質資材を、屋内コンクリート床上に４０〜５０ｃｍ厚程度に略平らに広げ、その上から鶏糞灰を加えた家畜の生***物を略０．０１５立方ｍ／平方ｍ
前後の割合となるよう略均質に散布、供給しながら、略８５回／分程度の回転数でロータリー爪を回転させながら略７０ｍ／ｈ程度の速度で低速進行する撹拌を１回／日、略３０日間に渡って繰り返すことにより、強制発酵させて含水率２５〜２８％程度となった一次処理***物を作り出す工程。
［第２工程］ 屋内コンクリート床上に略平らに広げられたままの第１工程終了後の一次処理***物に対し、対象作物に適した割合で植物肥料三要素の一つを添加した上、鶏糞灰入り生糞の供給はしないで、さらに１回／日の撹拌を略１０日間程度に渡って継続することにより、半ば粒状化してなる二次処理***物とする工程。
［第３工程］ それら半ば粒状化されてなる二次処理***物を屋根付き堆積場に山積み堆積し、自然通風環境下に放置して熟成発酵させ、その発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の発酵熱で含有水分を強制発散させる工程。
［第４工程］ 以下、同様に発酵熱が７０°を越えない段階に１回の切り返しを実施し、その間の自己発熱よって含有水分を徐々に強制発散させる工程を、最終的に含水率２０％以下となるまで略８〜９ケ月間程度の期間に渡って適宜回数だけ繰り返すことにより、完全に発酵熟成すると共に、一時的に発酵を強制停止した状態の三次処理***物を得るようにする工程。
It manufactures by the following 1st thru | or 4 processes, The manufacturing method of the fertilizer or soil improvement material in any one of the Claims 1 thru | or 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.
[First step] An organic fiber material such as composted sawdust and an organic material in a fermentation process such as primary treated livestock excrement is spread almost flat on an indoor concrete floor to a thickness of about 40 to 50 cm. The livestock excrement of livestock with the addition of chicken manure ash is about 0.015 cubic m / square m
Agitating at a low speed of about 70 m / h while rotating the rotary claw at a rotational speed of about 85 times / minute while spraying and supplying substantially uniformly at a rate of about 1 time / day, about A process of producing primary treatment excrement having a water content of about 25 to 28% by forced fermentation by repeating over 30 days.
[Second Step] One of the three elements of plant fertilizer is added to the primary treatment excrement after the completion of the first step while being spread almost flatly on the indoor concrete floor, and then the chicken manure is added. The process of making the secondary treatment excrement formed into a semi-granular form by not continuing the supply of ash-containing raw feces and further continuing the stirring once per day for about 10 days.
[Third step] The semi-granularized secondary treatment excrement is piled up in a covered sedimentation area, left to stand in a natural ventilation environment and aged and fermented, and the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °. The process of carrying out one turn and forcibly releasing the contained water with the heat of fermentation during that time.
[Fourth Step] Hereinafter, similarly, a step of performing turnover once in a stage where the heat of fermentation does not exceed 70 °, and gradually forcibly releasing the contained water by self-heating during that time, finally the moisture content 20% A step of obtaining a tertiary treatment excrement in a state where fermentation is completely fermented and matured, and fermentation is forcibly stopped temporarily by repeating as many times as necessary over a period of about 8 to 9 months until it becomes the following. .
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006335601A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-14 | Shiwa Hozen:Kk | Fertilizer or soil conditioner, its producing method, and method for producing cultivation-type soil conditioner using the fertilizer or soil conditioner |
| JP4496550B1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-07-07 | 有限会社東京エンタープライス | Soil conditioner |
| CN101993182A (en) * | 2010-10-16 | 2011-03-30 | 福建洛东生物技术有限公司 | Livestock and poultry farm dung dirt biological fermentation treatment method and device |
| CN117801827A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation technical method of barren soil conditioner in mountain area of plateau |
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2003
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006335601A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-14 | Shiwa Hozen:Kk | Fertilizer or soil conditioner, its producing method, and method for producing cultivation-type soil conditioner using the fertilizer or soil conditioner |
| JP4496550B1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-07-07 | 有限会社東京エンタープライス | Soil conditioner |
| WO2011052768A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | 有限会社東京エンタープライス | Soil-improving material |
| JP2011094065A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Tokyo Enterprises Inc | Soil improving agent |
| CN101993182A (en) * | 2010-10-16 | 2011-03-30 | 福建洛东生物技术有限公司 | Livestock and poultry farm dung dirt biological fermentation treatment method and device |
| CN117801827A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation technical method of barren soil conditioner in mountain area of plateau |
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