【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
橋梁等が荷重たわみ，温度変化等により発生する橋軸方向の伸縮遊間をカバーする橋梁等の伸縮装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
橋梁等の伸縮装置には，くし型，フィンガー型，複数の平行板型，上下リンク型等多くのものが実用されている。また，例えば特開昭５３−１２０８１９には多数の短冊型路面板を互いに平行にかつ互いに間隔をおいて配列し，水平面内に自由回転させるものが開示されている。
【０００３】
これらは伸縮量の比較的小さい橋梁に適用される。しかし，特に橋梁等桁が長くなると，荷重たわみ，温度変化等により橋梁等桁の軸方向に生じる伸縮遊間量が大きくなり，前記のような伸縮装置は使用できず，他の複雑な構造の伸縮装置を使用する必要上，ほとんどの場合伸縮装置部に段差ができたり，伸縮装置部路面の軸方向の平坦性が損なわれ，車両の走行時に衝撃音が発生して騒音の発生源となったり，橋脚を介して振動が遠くに伝播することもある。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の伸縮装置では，軸方向（走行方向）の走行路面に段差が生じたり，平坦性が損なわれ，車両の走行による騒音が問題になっている。
【０００５】
そこで，本発明は，伸縮量の大小にかかわらず伸縮部路面の面一が確保でき平坦性が損なわれず，構造的に安定性と保守性がよく，橋脚上でも橋梁中間の遊間部にも設置適用性がある新形の橋梁等の伸縮装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために，本発明の請求項１に係わる橋梁等の伸縮装置は，橋梁等の継ぎ目の少なくとも一方が可動の端部で，これに対向する他端部の遊間に，路面が２個以上のリンクで「く」の字を形成する「く」の字形リンクの節点を回動自在として一対以上を結合して橋軸方向の遊間長さを形成し，かつ前記リンクを複数個並列に組み合わせて路面幅を構成し，前記リンクの両端部をそれぞれ前記可動の端部および他端部回動自在に結合し，「く」の字形リンクの中間移動節点の少なくとも一節点の下部を橋梁桁や橋脚等に支承した受け材上を移動可能に支持したものである。
【０００７】
本発明の請求項２に係わる伸縮装置は，請求項１に記載の伸縮装置において，「く」の字形リンクの相隣れる節点を結ぶ節点列に平行に，かつリンクに回動自在に複数個のリンクつなぎ材を設け，前記リンク間に路面が面一で前記リンクつなぎ材に回動支持した間材を設けたものである。
【０００８】
本発明の請求項３に係わる伸縮装置は，請求項１／請求項２に記載の伸縮装置において，「く」の字形リンクの側部に凹部を設け，この凹部に弾性体間詰め材の頂部がリンクの路面とほぼ同じになるごとく取り付けたものある。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下，本発明の第１の実施の形態における橋梁等の伸縮装置を，図１〜７に基づき説明する。
【００１０】
図１は本発明の第１の実施例の一つ目の平面図を示し，一対の「く」の字形リンクの伸縮装置５を橋梁固定桁１，伸縮可動桁２の端部間の遊間部に配置結合したものである。Ａは道路の有効幅を示し，伸縮遊間の最小値はＬｍｉｎ，伸縮遊間の最大値はＬｍａｘで，伸縮量は△Ｌで表す。「く」の字形リンク１０，１１は中央部節点１３で互いにピン結合して路面が「く」の字を形成し，「く」の字形リンク１０の端部は固定桁１の端部との節点１２でピン結合し，「く」の字形リンク１１の端部は可動桁２の端部との節点１４でピン結合される。「く」の字形リンクは複数個が並列に組み合わされて道路の有効幅Ａを構成し，伸縮遊間の最大のとき上記リンクはそれぞれ１０’，１１’のようにほぼリンク死点の手前まで伸びた状態になることを示す。
【００１１】
図２は「く」の字形リンクの変形例を示す。図１の節点１３を分離して節点１３ａ，１３ｂとし，つなぎ材１５に回動自在に結合したものである。節点１２，１３ａ，１３ｂ，１４の隣接節点の集合をそれぞれの節点列ということにすと，つなぎ材１５に節点列１３ａと節点列１３ｂが結合される。リンク１０列，１１列とも同じ長さとするか，リンク１０列，リンク１１列をそれぞれ同じ長さとして，隣接するリンクの節点を結ぶと平行四辺形を形作るものであればよい。
【００１２】
図３は本発明の第１実施例の二つ目の平面図を示す。「く」の字形リンク１０，１１の間に１９，２０の「く」の字形リンクを結合し，「く」の字形リンクを二対直列に結合したものである。各節点列１２，１３−１，１３−２，１３−３，１４でピン結合した実施例である。図３のように「く」の字形リンクを直列二対結合すると伸縮量△Ｌは一対の「く」の字形リンクの伸縮量の２倍にできる。伸縮量が大きい場合は，必要に応じて「く」の字形リンクをさらに三対，四対と直列に結合できる。「く」の字形リンクの１／２を結合してもよい。
【００１３】
図４は図３の一側面図である。固定桁１は橋脚Ｐ１に支持され，可動桁２は橋脚Ｐ２に可動支承２６を介して支持されている。中間節点列１３−１，１３−２，１３−３の全数の下部を受け材２４で支持したものを示す。中間節点列１３−１はつなぎ材１５−１で結合して一体化し，複数個のローラ１６−１でレール１７−１上を移動可能になっている。中間節点列１３−２も一体化してつなぎ材１５−２を介して，台車２１で支え，さらに複数個のローラ２２を介してレール２３上を移動可能にし，橋脚Ｐ１およびＰ２で両端支持の受け材２４で支えられている。中間節点列１３−３は前記の中間節点列１３−１と同様に，つなぎ材１５−３で節点列１３−３を結合して一体化し複数個のローラ１６−２でレール１７−２上を移動可能で，レール１７−２は台車２１上に設ける。各ローラ１６，２２は，摺動体にしてもよい。
【００１４】
図５は図４のＤ−Ｅ矢視を示し，一つの中間節点列１３−１，つなぎ材１５−１，ローラ１６−１，レール１７−１の平面構成とその移動を説明する平面図である。レール１７−１は，節点１２を中心としてローラ１６−１点とを半径Ｒ１，Ｒ２とする円弧状となり台１８を介して図４に示すように受け材２４で支持されている。複数の支持ローラ１６−１をつなぎ材１５−１の両端部に配置したもので示したが，つなぎ材１５−１の中間部にも設けてもよい。
【００１５】
図６は図４のＥ−Ｆの矢視を示し，中間節点列１３−２のつなぎ材１５−２は台車２１にほぼ固定的に支持されている。中間節点列の１３−２，つなぎ材１５−２，台車２１は橋軸に平行に移動するのでレール２３は直線レールである。中間節点列１３−３はつなぎ材１５−３に結合され，さらに複数個のローラ１６−２がレール１７−２上を移動する。中間節点列１３−３およびつなぎ材１５−３，レール１７−２は前記図５のＤ−Ｅ矢視の平面図と同じであるので説明を省略する。中間節点列１３−１，１３−２，１３−３の荷重を受け桁２４で支えるのでリンク１０，１１，１９，２０の面一平面が得られることになる。また各リンクおよび各結合部のピン類の構造が小形化でき，伸縮装置５の経済的なものとできる。
【００１６】
「く」の字形リンク一対の伸縮装置の場合は，図４において節点列１３−２，１３−３を省略したもので，節点列１３−１，つなぎ材１５−１，ローラ１６−１，レール１７−１の移動節点列が１組のみとなり，図５のＤ−Ｅ矢視と同じであるので説明は省略する。
【００１７】
「く」の字形リンクを二対直列にして単に中央の節点列１３−２の下部のみ支持した場合は，図４において台車２１とローラ２２，レール２３のみとなり，節点列１３−１，１３−３は省略したものとなるので説明は省略する。
【００１８】
図７は図３の側面図の二つ目の例である。橋脚Ｐ１から張り出した橋梁桁３の端部とこれに対向して，橋脚Ｐ２から張り出した橋梁桁４の端部の遊間部に「く」の字形リンクを二対直列に配置した伸縮装置５の中間部の各節点列下部の支持方式の別の例である。受け材２８の一端を橋梁桁３の端部にピン２９で結合し，受け材２８の端部３０を橋梁桁４の端部に設けた支持ローラ３１で移動自由に支持し，浮き上がり防止ローラ３２を設けたものである。受け材２８の端部３０に突起３３を設け橋梁桁４側にストッパ３４，３５を設け，伸縮装置５の伸縮量の両限を設定することができる。ストッパ３４，３５を受け材２８の端部３０に設け，突起３３を橋梁桁４側に設けてもよい。この場合，「く」の字形リンクの１０，１１，１９，２０の「縮限」において，相隣れるリンクは接触することなく各リンクの間にスキマを設けることができる。２７は止水材である。受け桁２８の取り付け数，橋梁桁３，４への取り付け位置（内外とも）は問わない。
【００１９】
図７に示す張り出した橋梁桁３，４の支持は橋脚Ｐ１，Ｐ２の代わりに吊り下げ支持方式における張り出し桁でもよい。例えば斜張橋の端部間にも適用できる。また固定桁１，可動桁２の代わりに橋梁の両端部が可動桁であってもよい。
【００２０】
図７の構成において，「く」の字形リンク一対の伸縮装置５の場合は，リンク１９，２０を省略したものでよく，台車２１，ローラ２２，レール２３，レール１７−２がなく，レール１７−１が直接受け材２８に設けるだけでよい。
【００２１】
図４の受け材２４は両端支持の例で示したが，一方の橋梁端部から片持ち式に延設して設けたものでもよい。
【００２２】
本発明の橋梁等の伸縮装置は鋼製，コンクリート橋を問わず使用できる。また，本発明の橋梁等の伸縮装置は寸法的にコンパクトで，現在供用中の各種伸縮装置のリプレースに有効である。また，橋梁の伸縮装置の他に乗船桟橋，浮体構造物等の移動体とのつなぎ路面に使用してもよい。
【００２３】
本発明の実施例では，伸縮の「縮限」で相隣れるリンクの幅方向が接触し，伸縮の「伸限」でリンクの長手方向が制限されるリンク構成を利用すると，特に他のストローク制限材を設けなくてもよく，「く」の字形リンク自体でストロークの制限ができる。
【００２４】
リンク結合部のピンの形状は限定するものでなく，例えば球状にすると柔軟性のある構造にでき，橋梁本体の変形に順応できる伸縮装置５にできる。使用頻度に応じて各節点の回動部に軸受材を設け，給脂するか無潤滑材を設けることができる。
【００２５】
リンク表面の路面は，スリップ防止加工，スリップ防止材を施工するようにできる。
【００２６】
図８から図１１は第２の実施例を説明する。伸縮装置５のリンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１および１１ｎ，１１ｎ＋１が「縮限」Ｌｍｉｎの平面を示し，リンク１０，１１の節点列１２，１３，１４と平行に複数個のリンクつなぎ材３６を各節点３７で回動結合し，かつ前記リンク間に幅ｃの間材３８をリンクつなぎ材３６上に配置し，リンクつなぎ材３６と間材３８の節点３９で回動自在に結合したものを示す。間材３８とリンク１０，１１の表面は面一である。
【００２７】
図９は図８のＧ−Ｈ断面を示し，リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１は幅ｃの間材３８の両サイドと接触している。 図８，９のリンク１０，１１の「縮限」では間材３８は両リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１および１１ｎ，１１ｎ＋１と接触したもので示したが，「縮限」でスキマがあるものでもよい。
【００２８】
図１０はＬｍａｘの「伸限」を示す。リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１の間にできるスキマの中間に間材３８が位置し，リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１の間のスキマを間材３８が分割し，幅ｃの間材３８の両サイドのスキマδを小さくしたものである。リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１間のスキマが大きくても，中間に間材３８により車輪の落ち込みを防止ができる。
【００２９】
図１０の右側に示すように他の実施例として間材３８と節点列１２，１３，１４上で回動自在に結合し，間材３８の端部節点を１２’，１３’，１４’のようにしてもよい。
【００３０】
図１１は図１０の断面Ｍ−Ｎを示し，リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１と間材３８の配置を示す。
【００３１】
図９，図１１に示すように，リンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１の断面形状を逆台形とし，間材３８を台形とした形状を示すが，これらに限定したものではない。
【００３２】
図８，図１０において，間材３８を省略し，リンクつなぎ材３６のみをリンク１０，１１，１９，２０に回動結合し，リンク１０，１１，１９，２０の補強，スキマの区切りに使用できる。
【００３３】
図１２〜図１４で第３の実施例を説明する。図１２，図１３は請求項１に係わる説明図である。図１２はリンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１のスキマを詰める弾性体間詰め材４０，４１を取り付けた例を示す。弾性体間詰め材４０，４１の材料，形状，取り付け方は問わない。
【００３４】
図１３は，図１２のＱ−Ｓ断面で，リンクの側部に設けた凹部４４に取り付けた弾性体間詰め材４０，４１の先端部に摺動材４２，４３を取り付け，各リンクの伸縮時に弾性体間詰め材４０，４１の先端が接触しながら摺動するようにしたものである。摺動材４２，４３は平面でもよく，凹凸の契合タイプでもよい。摺動材４２，４３は金属，非金属を問わず，両者は異種材料でもよい。伸縮量△Ｌが小さいときは，リンク間のスキマを小さくできるので弾性体間詰め材４０，４１先端の摺動量を小さくできることはいうまでもない。他の実施例として摺動の代わりに転がりにしてもよい。
【００３５】
図１４は請求項２に係わる断面図を示す。伸縮装置の「伸限」のリンク１０ｎ，１０ｎ＋１の間に，リンクつなぎ材３６上に回動自在に間材３８を設け，その両サイドにスキマδ’を有し，そのスキマに詰める弾性体間詰め材４０，４１をリンク側部に設けた凹部４３設けたものである。図１４において間材３８の左側は間材３８に面タッチした弾性体間詰め材４０の例を示し，右側は間材３８と弾性体間詰め材４１との接触部を凹溝４５にして弾性体間詰め材４１が凸状はまりこんだ例を示す。弾性体間詰め材４０，４１の平面接触，凹凸接触は選択自由である。リンクの「縮限」では，スキマδ’が小さくなる。
【００３６】
図１５は「く」の字形リンクの寸法関係を説明する図である。図示のようにリンク長さをＬ，リンク幅をａ，節点ピッチをｂ，リンク間スキマをδとしたとき，リンクの「縮限」は相隣れるリンクが接触した状態（スキマδ＝０）で，そ橋梁桁端部の節点列とリンクのなす角（図示角度）をα（リンク群Ｂの状態），「伸限」の状態のその角度（図示角度）をβ（リンク群Ｃの状態）とすると次の関係がある。
ａ＝ｂｓｉｎα ，ｂｓｉｎβ＝（ａ＋δ），ｂ＝δ／（ｓｉｎβ−ｓｉｎα），Ｌ１＝Ｌｓｉｎα，
Ｌ２＝Ｌｓｉｎβ ，Ｌｍａｘ＝ ２・Ｌ２＝２・Ｌｓｉｎβ，Ｌｍｉｎ＝２・Ｌ１＝２・Ｌｓｉｎα，
△Ｌ＝２・Ｌ（ｓｉｎβ−ｓｉｎα）
【００３７】
計算例１として，α＝５５°，β＝８５°，δ＝３０ｍｍとすると，リンクピッチはｂ＝５．６４８δ＝１６９ ｍｍ，リンク幅は ａ＝１３８ｍｍ となり，伸縮量は図１に示す「く」の字形リンク一対の場合，△Ｌ＝２・Ｌ（０．１７７）＝０．３５４Ｌとなる。Ｌ＝１ｍとすると △Ｌ＝０．３５４ｍ（３５４ｍｍ）となる。図３に示す「く」の字形リンク二対の場合，Ｌ＝１ｍとすると △Ｌ＝０．７０８ｍ（７０８ｍｍ）となる。必要伸縮量△Ｌに応じた伸縮装置の寸法が決定できる。
上記の関係は「縮限」でリンク間スキマδ＝０としたが，車両走行に支障のない程度のスキマを保持することもできる。
【００３８】
計算例２として，請求項２に基づき間材の幅ｃ＝５０ｍｍ，スキマδ＝１１０ｍｍ［正味のスキマδ’＝（１１０−５０）／２＝３０ｍｍ］とする場合，α＝５５°，β＝８５°のときのリンク幅ａ＝２２８ｍｍ，リンクピッチｂ＝３３９ｍｍとなり，有効幅Ａに必要なリンクの数を少なくできる。
【００３９】
リンクの「縮限」のとき，スキマδ＝０として相隣れるリンクが接触するものとすると，「伸限」の最大（リンクの死点）では，相隣れるリンクのスキマは最大値のδとなる。
【００４０】
上記の各リンク１０，１１，１９，２０の複数並列配置は一定幅ごとに分割したものを組み合わせて所定幅に仕上げてもよい。節点列１２，１４，つなぎ材１５，台１８，台車２１，受け材２４，２８等は構造的に幅方向に分割してもよい。運搬，組み立ての便を図り，ブロック化してもよい。
【００４１】
伸縮装置５は，曲線の橋梁等の継ぎ目部に設けることもできる。路面の勾配にも順応できる。また，伸縮装置５の上面に他の設備（例えばレール）を可動に設けることも出でる。
【００４２】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたごとく，請求項１の発明によれば，「く」の字を形成する「く」の字形リンクの組み合わせで伸縮量，路面幅に応じた新形の橋梁等の伸縮装置が得られ，リンクの中間部節点の下部を受け材で支持すると，車両走行時の荷重による路面のへこみ（たわみ）が阻止され路面が面一になり平坦性が確保でき，車両通過時の衝撃騒音の発生が少なくなる。また，リンクが橋軸方向と角度を持っているのでリンク間のスキマの影響が少なく走行踏み面が大きくなる。さらに，路面を形成するリンク幅がスキマより大きくなり，大きな車輪の踏み面が確保でき車両の安定走行が出きる。本伸縮装置は伸縮量の大小にかかわらずコンパクトにできるので，現在供用中の伸縮装置の換装にも適用できる。橋脚上に支持された橋梁のみならず，斜張橋のような橋梁の中間部にも適用性のある新形の橋梁等の伸縮装置である。
【００４３】
請求項２記載の本発明によれば，「く」字形リンクの並列ピッチを大きくでき，リンク自体の幅が大きくなるので，構造的，強度的に安定した橋梁等の伸縮装置が得られる。
【００４４】
請求項２記載の本発明によれば，リンク間同士のスキマ，およびリンクと間材のスキマを弾性体間詰め材で詰めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】請求項１の一つ目の例で「く」の字形リンク一対の伸縮装置の平面図である。
【図２】「く」字形リンクの変形例を示す。
【図３】請求項１の二つ目の例で「く」の字形リンク二対の伸縮装置の平面図である。
【図４】図３の側面図で一つ目の例である。
【図５】図４のＤ−Ｅ矢視を示す。
【図６】図４のＥ−Ｆ矢視を示す。
【図７】図３の側面図で二つ目の例である。
【図８】請求項２のリンク同士のつなぎ材と「縮限」の間材の説明図である。
【図９】図８の断面Ｇ−Ｈを示し，リンク間に設けた間材の説明図である。
【図１０】請求項２の「伸限」のリンク同士のつなぎ材と間材の説明図である。
【図１１】図１０の断面Ｍ−Ｎを示し，リンク，間材とのスキマの説明図である。
【図１２】請求項３に関わるリンク間に間詰め材を設けた平面図である。
【図１３】図１２の断面Ｑ−Ｓを示す。
【図１４】リンク間に間材を，その両サイドのスキマに間詰め材を設けた断面図である。
【図１５】「く」の字形リンクの関係寸法説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１，２，３，４ 橋梁桁
５ 伸縮装置
１０，１１，１９，２０ リンク
１２，１４ 橋梁端部の節点
１３ 中間部の節点
１５ つなぎ材
１６，２２ ローラ
１７，２３ レール
１８ 台
２１ 台車
２４，２８ 受け材
３１ 支持ローラ
３６ リンクつなぎ材
３８ 間材
３９ 節点
４０，４１ 間詰め材
Ｐ１，Ｐ２ 橋脚[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an expansion / contraction device such as a bridge that covers an expansion / contraction gap in the direction of the bridge axis generated by a deflection of a bridge or the like due to a load deflection or a temperature change.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many types of telescopic devices such as bridges have been put into practical use, such as a comb type, finger type, a plurality of parallel plate types, and a vertical link type. Also, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-120819 discloses a structure in which a large number of strip type road surface plates are arranged in parallel with each other and spaced apart from each other and freely rotated in a horizontal plane.
[0003]
These apply to bridges with relatively small expansion and contraction. However, especially when the bridge girder becomes longer, the amount of expansion / contraction clearance generated in the axial direction of the bridge girder increases due to load deflection, temperature change, etc., and the above-mentioned expansion / contraction device cannot be used. Due to the necessity of using the device, in most cases there is a step in the telescopic device part, the flatness in the axial direction of the road surface of the telescopic device part is impaired, and an impact sound is generated when the vehicle is running and it becomes a source of noise. , Vibration may propagate far away through the pier.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional expansion and contraction device, a step is generated on the traveling road surface in the axial direction (traveling direction), flatness is impaired, and noise due to traveling of the vehicle is a problem.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention ensures that the road surface of the expansion / contraction part is flush regardless of the amount of expansion / contraction, and the flatness is not impaired, and it is structurally stable and maintainable. It is installed on the bridge pier as well as between the bridges. An object is to provide a new type of expansion and contraction device such as a new bridge.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in a telescopic device such as a bridge according to claim 1 of the present invention, at least one of the joints of the bridge or the like is a movable end portion, and the road surface is between play of the other end portion facing this. Two or more links form a “K” character. The nodes of the “K” character link can be rotated to connect a pair or more to form a free space length in the direction of the bridge axis. Combining them in parallel to form the road surface width, both ends of the link are connected to each other so that the movable end and the other end can rotate freely, and at least the lower part of the intermediate movement node of the “く” shaped link It is supported movably on the receiving material supported on the bridge girder and pier.
[0007]
A telescopic device according to claim 2 of the present invention is the telescopic device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the telescopic devices are parallel to a row of nodes connecting adjacent nodes of the “<” and the link and are rotatable. The link connecting material is provided, and the space material is provided between the links so that the road surface is flush with the link connecting material.
[0008]
The expansion / contraction device according to claim 3 of the present invention is the expansion / contraction device according to claim 1 / claim 2, wherein a concave portion is provided in a side portion of the “<”-shaped link, and the top portion of the elastic packing material is formed in the concave portion. Is attached so that it is almost the same as the road surface of the link.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a telescopic device such as a bridge in the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows a first plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a pair of "<"-shaped link expansion and contraction devices 5 is connected to a gap between end portions of a bridge fixed girder 1 and a telescopic movable girder 2. Are arranged and combined. A indicates the effective width of the road, the minimum value between the expansion and contraction is represented by Lmin, the maximum value between the expansion and contraction is represented by Lmax, and the amount of expansion and contraction is represented by ΔL. The "<"-shaped links 10 and 11 are pin-coupled to each other at the central node 13 to form a "<" shape on the road surface, and the end of the "<"-shaped link 10 is connected to the end of the fixed girder 1 Pin connection is made at the node 12, and the end of the “<” shape link 11 is pin-connected at the node 14 with the end of the movable beam 2. A plurality of “ku” shaped links are combined in parallel to form the effective width A of the road, and when the distance between the expansion and contraction is maximum, the above links extend almost before the link dead center, such as 10 ′ and 11 ′, respectively. It shows that it will be in the state.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows a modification of the character link of “ku”. The node 13 in FIG. 1 is separated into nodes 13a and 13b, which are coupled to the connecting member 15 so as to be rotatable. When a set of adjacent nodes of the nodes 12, 13 a, 13 b and 14 is referred to as each node row, the node row 13 a and the node row 13 b are coupled to the connecting material 15. The links 10 and 11 may have the same length, or the links 10 and 11 may have the same length as long as they form a parallelogram when connecting the nodes of adjacent links.
[0012]
FIG. 3 shows a second plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention. 19 and 20 "<" shaped links are connected between the "<" shaped links 10 and 11, and two pairs of "<" shaped links are connected in series. This is an embodiment in which each node row 12, 13-1, 13-2, 13-3, 14 is pin-coupled. As shown in FIG. 3, when the “KU” -shaped links are coupled in two pairs in series, the expansion / contraction amount ΔL can be double the expansion / contraction amount of the pair of “KU” -shaped links. If the amount of expansion and contraction is large, the “く” shaped links can be further connected in series with three or four pairs as necessary. You may combine 1/2 of the "<" shape link.
[0013]
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. The fixed girder 1 is supported on the pier P1 and the movable girder 2 is supported on the pier P2 via a movable support 26. The lower half of all the intermediate node rows 13-1, 13-2, 13-3 are supported by the receiving member 24. The intermediate node row 13-1 is coupled and integrated by a connecting member 15-1, and can be moved on a rail 17-1 by a plurality of rollers 16-1. The intermediate node row 13-2 is also integrated and supported by a carriage 21 via a connecting member 15-2, and further movable on a rail 23 via a plurality of rollers 22, and supported at both ends by bridge piers P1 and P2. Supported by a material 24. In the same way as the intermediate node row 13-1, the intermediate node row 13-3 is joined by connecting the node row 13-3 with a connecting member 15-3 and integrated on the rail 17-2 with a plurality of rollers 16-2. It is movable and the rail 17-2 is provided on the carriage 21. Each roller 16, 22 may be a sliding body.
[0014]
FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a plan configuration and movement of one intermediate node row 13-1, a connecting member 15-1, a roller 16-1, and a rail 17-1 as viewed along arrow D-E in FIG. is there. The rail 17-1 has an arcuate shape having radii R1 and R2 with the roller 16-1 point centered on the node 12, and is supported by the receiving member 24 via the base 18 as shown in FIG. Although the plurality of support rollers 16-1 are shown as being arranged at both ends of the connecting material 15-1, they may be provided at the intermediate portion of the connecting material 15-1.
[0015]
FIG. 6 shows the arrow EF in FIG. 4, and the connecting member 15-2 of the intermediate node row 13-2 is substantially fixedly supported by the carriage 21. Since the intermediate node row 13-2, the connecting material 15-2, and the carriage 21 move parallel to the bridge axis, the rail 23 is a straight rail. The intermediate node row 13-3 is coupled to the connecting member 15-3, and a plurality of rollers 16-2 move on the rail 17-2. The intermediate node row 13-3, the connecting member 15-3, and the rail 17-2 are the same as the plan view taken along the arrow D-E in FIG. Since the load of the intermediate node rows 13-1, 13-2, 13-3 is received and supported by the girder 24, the flush planes of the links 10, 11, 19, 20 are obtained. Further, the structure of the pins of each link and each connecting portion can be reduced in size, and the expansion / contraction device 5 can be made economical.
[0016]
In the case of a pair of expansion and contraction devices with a "<" shape link, the nodal row 13-2 and 13-3 are omitted in FIG. 4, and the nodal row 13-1, the connecting member 15-1, the roller 16-1, the rail. Since there is only one set of moving node strings 17-1, which is the same as that seen from the direction of arrows D-E in FIG.
[0017]
In the case where two pairs of "<"-shaped links are connected in series and only the lower part of the center node row 13-2 is supported, only the carriage 21, the roller 22 and the rail 23 are shown in FIG. 4, and the node rows 13-1, 13- Since 3 is omitted, the description is omitted.
[0018]
FIG. 7 is a second example of the side view of FIG. A telescopic device 5 in which two pairs of “U” -shaped links are arranged in series between the end portion of the bridge girder 3 projecting from the pier P1 and the gap between the ends of the bridge girder 4 projecting from the pier P2 in opposition thereto. It is another example of the support system of each node row | line | column lower part of an intermediate part. One end of the receiving member 28 is coupled to the end of the bridge girder 3 with a pin 29, and the end 30 of the receiving member 28 is supported by a support roller 31 provided at the end of the bridge girder 4 so as to move freely. Is provided. A protrusion 33 is provided on the end 30 of the receiving member 28 and stoppers 34 and 35 are provided on the bridge girder 4 side, so that the limit of the extension / contraction amount of the extension / contraction device 5 can be set. The stoppers 34 and 35 may be provided on the end 30 of the receiving member 28, and the protrusion 33 may be provided on the bridge girder 4 side. In this case, in the “restriction” of “10”, “11”, “19”, “20” of the “<” shape links, it is possible to provide a gap between the links without contacting adjacent links. 27 is a water stop material. The number of receiving girders 28 attached and the position of attachment to the bridge girders 3 and 4 (both inside and outside) are not limited.
[0019]
The support of the overhanging bridge girders 3 and 4 shown in FIG. 7 may be an overhanging girder in a suspended support system instead of the piers P1 and P2. For example, it can be applied between the ends of cable-stayed bridges. Further, instead of the fixed girder 1 and the movable girder 2, both ends of the bridge may be movable girder.
[0020]
In the configuration of FIG. 7, in the case of the pair of expansion and contraction devices 5 of “<”, the links 19 and 20 may be omitted, and there is no carriage 21, roller 22, rail 23, rail 17-2, and the rail 17. -1 need only be provided directly on the backing material 28.
[0021]
Although the receiving member 24 of FIG. 4 is shown as an example of both-end support, it may be provided so as to be cantilevered from one bridge end.
[0022]
The telescopic device such as a bridge of the present invention can be used regardless of whether it is made of steel or concrete. Further, the expansion device such as a bridge according to the present invention is compact in size, and is effective in replacing various expansion devices currently in service. In addition to the expansion and contraction device for the bridge, it may be used on a road surface connected to a moving body such as a boarding jetty or a floating structure.
[0023]
In the embodiment of the present invention, when a link configuration in which the width directions of adjacent links are in contact with each other by expansion / contraction “stretching” and the longitudinal direction of the link is limited by expansion / contraction “stretching” is used, other strokes are used. It is not necessary to provide a restricting material, and the stroke can be limited by the "<"-shaped link itself.
[0024]
The shape of the pin of the link connecting portion is not limited. For example, if it is made spherical, it can be made a flexible structure, and the expansion / contraction device 5 can adapt to deformation of the bridge body. Depending on the frequency of use, a bearing material can be provided at the rotating part of each node, and grease can be supplied or a non-lubricating material can be provided.
[0025]
Anti-slip processing and anti-slip material can be applied to the road surface of the link surface.
[0026]
8 to 11 illustrate a second embodiment. The links 10n, 10n + 1 and 11n, 11n + 1 of the expansion / contraction device 5 show a plane of “reduction” Lmin, and a plurality of link connecting members 36 are connected to the nodes 37 in parallel with the node rows 12, 13, 14 of the links 10, 11. An intermediate member 38 having a width c between the links is disposed on the link connecting member 36, and is connected to the link connecting member 36 and a node 39 of the intermediate member 38 so as to be rotatable. The surfaces of the intermediate member 38 and the links 10 and 11 are flush with each other.
[0027]
FIG. 9 shows a GH cross section of FIG. 8, and the links 10n and 10n + 1 are in contact with both sides of the intermediate member 38 having a width c. In the “restriction” of the links 10 and 11 in FIGS. 8 and 9, the interspace 38 is shown in contact with both the links 10 n, 10 n + 1 and 11 n, 11 n + 1, but there may be a clearance with “reduction”.
[0028]
FIG. 10 shows the “extension limit” of Lmax. An intermediate member 38 is located in the middle of the gap formed between the links 10n and 10n + 1, the gap 38 between the links 10n and 10n + 1 is divided by the intermediate member 38, and the gap δ on both sides of the intermediate member 38 of width c is reduced. Is. Even if the clearance between the links 10n and 10n + 1 is large, the intermediate member 38 can prevent the wheels from dropping.
[0029]
As shown in the right side of FIG. 10, as another embodiment, the intermediate member 38 is rotatably coupled on the node rows 12, 13, and 14, and the end nodes of the intermediate member 38 are connected to 12 ′, 13 ′, and 14 ′. You may do it.
[0030]
FIG. 11 shows a cross section MN of FIG. 10 and shows the arrangement of the links 10n, 10n + 1 and the interstitial member 38.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 11, the cross-sectional shapes of the links 10n and 10n + 1 are inverted trapezoids, and the intermediate member 38 is trapezoidal. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
[0032]
8 and 10, the intermediate member 38 is omitted, and only the link connecting member 36 is rotationally coupled to the links 10, 11, 19, and 20, and is used for reinforcing the links 10, 11, 19, and 20 and for separating the clearance. it can.
[0033]
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 are explanatory diagrams according to claim 1. FIG. FIG. 12 shows an example in which elastic interstitial packing materials 40 and 41 for packing clearances of links 10n and 10n + 1 are attached. The material, shape, and attachment method of the elastic packing materials 40 and 41 are not limited.
[0034]
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line QS in FIG. 12, and sliding members 42 and 43 are attached to the end portions of the elastic material packing materials 40 and 41 attached to the concave portions 44 provided on the side portions of the links. In some cases, the tips of the elastic padding materials 40 and 41 are slid while contacting. The sliding members 42 and 43 may be flat or may be an uneven engagement type. The sliding members 42 and 43 may be metal or non-metal, and both may be different materials. Needless to say, when the amount of expansion / contraction ΔL is small, the clearance between the links can be reduced, so that the sliding amount of the elastic inter-material fillers 40 and 41 can be reduced. As another embodiment, rolling may be used instead of sliding.
[0035]
FIG. 14 is a sectional view according to claim 2. Between the links 10n and 10n + 1 of the “extension” of the expansion / contraction device, an intermediary member 38 is provided on the link connecting member 36 so as to be rotatable, and there is a clearance δ ′ on both sides thereof. A recess 43 is provided in which the stuffing materials 40 and 41 are provided on the side of the link. In FIG. 14, the left side of the interstitial member 38 shows an example of the elastic interstitial material 40 that touches the interstitial member 38, and the right side is elastically formed with a contact portion between the interstitial member 38 and the elastic interstitial member 41 as a concave groove 45. An example in which the inter-body filling material 41 is stuck in a convex shape is shown. The planar contact and the uneven contact of the elastic body packing materials 40 and 41 can be selected freely. In the “reduction” of the link, the clearance δ ′ becomes smaller.
[0036]
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the dimensional relationship of the “ku” shaped link. As shown in the figure, when the link length is L, the link width is a, the node pitch is b, and the inter-link gap is δ, the link “shrinkage” is the state in which adjacent links are in contact with each other (clearance δ = 0). Then, the angle (indicated in the figure) formed by the link of the joints at the end of the bridge girder and the link (indicated in the figure) is α (in the state of the link group B), and the angle in the “extension” state (indicated in the figure) is β (in the state of the link group C). ) Has the following relationship:
a = bsinα, bsinβ = (a + δ), b = δ / (sinβ−sinα), L1 = Lsinα,
L2 = Lsinβ, Lmax = 2 · L2 = 2 · Lsinβ, Lmin = 2 · L1 = 2 · Lsinα,
ΔL = 2 · L (sin β−sin α)
[0037]
As calculation example 1, if α = 55 °, β = 85 °, and δ = 30 mm, the link pitch is b = 5.648δ = 169 mm, the link width is a = 138 mm, and the amount of expansion / contraction is shown in FIG. ”L = 2 · L (0.177) = 0.354L. When L = 1 m, ΔL = 0.354 m (354 mm). In the case of two pairs of “字” -shaped links shown in FIG. 3, if L = 1 m, ΔL = 0.708 m (708 mm). The size of the expansion / contraction device according to the required expansion / contraction amount ΔL can be determined.
The above relationship is “reduction” and the inter-link clearance δ = 0, but it is also possible to maintain a clearance that does not hinder vehicle travel.
[0038]
As calculation example 2, when the width c of the interstitial material is c = 50 mm and the gap δ = 110 mm [net gap δ ′ = (110−50) / 2 = 30 mm] according to claim 2, α = 55 °, β = When the angle is 85 °, the link width a = 228 mm and the link pitch b = 339 mm, and the number of links required for the effective width A can be reduced.
[0039]
When the link “shrinkage” has a clearance δ = 0 and adjacent links contact, at the maximum “extension” (link dead center), the clearance of adjacent links is the maximum value of δ. It becomes.
[0040]
A plurality of parallel arrangements of the links 10, 11, 19, and 20 may be combined into a predetermined width and finished to a predetermined width. The node rows 12, 14, the connecting material 15, the base 18, the carriage 21, the receiving materials 24, 28, etc. may be structurally divided in the width direction. It may be made into blocks for transportation and assembly.
[0041]
The telescopic device 5 can also be provided at a joint portion such as a curved bridge. It can adapt to the slope of the road. In addition, other equipment (for example, a rail) can be movably provided on the upper surface of the telescopic device 5.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, a new type of expansion / contraction device such as a bridge corresponding to the amount of expansion / contraction and the road surface width can be obtained by the combination of the “<” shaped link that forms the “<” shape. If the lower part of the middle node of the link is supported by the receiving material, the road surface is not bent due to the load when the vehicle is running, and the road surface becomes flush and the flatness can be secured. Occurrence is reduced. In addition, since the link has an angle with the bridge axis direction, there is little influence of clearance between the links, and the running tread becomes large. In addition, the width of the link forming the road surface is larger than the clearance, and a large wheel tread can be secured, resulting in stable running of the vehicle. Since this telescopic device can be made compact regardless of the amount of expansion and contraction, it can also be applied to the replacement of telescopic devices currently in service. It is a telescopic device such as a new type of bridge that is applicable not only to bridges supported on piers but also to the middle part of bridges such as cable-stayed bridges.
[0043]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the parallel pitch of the "<"-shaped links can be increased, and the width of the link itself is increased. Therefore, a telescopic device such as a bridge that is stable in terms of structure and strength can be obtained.
[0044]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the clearance between the links and the clearance between the link and the inter-material can be packed with the elastic inter-material packing material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pair of telescopic devices of a “<” shape link in a first example of claim 1;
FIG. 2 shows a modification of the “<” shape link.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a telescopic device having two pairs of “U” -shaped links in the second example of claim 1;
4 is a first example in the side view of FIG. 3;
5 shows a view taken along the arrow D-E in FIG. 4;
6 is a view taken along the line EF in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a second example of the side view of FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a connecting member between links and a “shrinkage” intermediate member according to claim 2;
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a spacer provided between the links, showing a cross section GH of FIG.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a connecting member and an intermediate member between “extended” links of claim 2;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a gap between a link and an interspace, showing a cross section MN in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a plan view in which a filling material is provided between the links according to claim 3;
13 shows a cross section QS of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view in which a gap material is provided between links and a gap material is provided on both sides of the gap.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of related dimensions of a character link of “ku”.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2, 3, 4 Bridge girder 5 Telescopic device 10, 11, 19, 20 Link 12, 14 Node 13 at the end of the bridge 13 Node 15 at the middle 15 Linking material 16, 22 Roller 17, 23 Rail 18 Base 21 Bogie 24, 28 Receiving material 31 Support roller 36 Link connecting material 38 Intermediary material 39 Nodes 40, 41 Interim material P1, P2 Pier
