JP2004339578A - Cobalt alloy plating solution, plating method and plated article - Google Patents

Cobalt alloy plating solution, plating method and plated article Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004339578A
JP2004339578A JP2003138477A JP2003138477A JP2004339578A JP 2004339578 A JP2004339578 A JP 2004339578A JP 2003138477 A JP2003138477 A JP 2003138477A JP 2003138477 A JP2003138477 A JP 2003138477A JP 2004339578 A JP2004339578 A JP 2004339578A
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Prior art keywords
plating solution
cobalt
plating
based alloy
concentration
Prior art date
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JP2003138477A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Jiyunnosuke Sekiguchi
淳之輔 関口
Junji Yabe
淳司 矢部
Toru Imori
徹 伊森
Yoshihisa Fujihira
善久 藤平
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Nippon Mining Holdings Inc
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Nikko Materials Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2003138477A priority Critical patent/JP2004339578A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a cobalt alloy plated film of thin film thickness and excellent flatness. <P>SOLUTION: In the cobalt alloy plating solution, the plating method using the plating solution, and the plated article, the concentration of cobalt ions as the main metal ions in the plating solution is 0.0005-0.18 mole/L, and the concentration of reducing agent to the cobalt ion concentration is 1.5-25 times in terms of the equivalent multiple. The plating solution may be CoW alloy plating solution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、無電解めっきによりコバルト系合金のめっき被膜を作製するためのコバルト系合金めっき液に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
コバルト系合金のめっきに関して、特許文献1に、半導体装置の技術に関し、銅の配線層のバリア層(銅配線層からシリコン、酸化ケイ素層への銅の拡散や銅配線層の腐食を防止する層)としてCoWPめっきを設けることが記載されている。CoWPめっき液組成並びに得られためっき被膜は以下のとおりであり、膜厚は、150〜200nmである。
(めっき液組成)
CoCl・5H 30g/L
NaPH 20g/L
Na・2HO 80g/L
(NHWO 10g/L
ROHDAFAC#RE610 0.05g/L
(めっき被膜)
成膜速度 35nm/min
膜厚 150〜200nm
抵抗値 28〜32μΩcm
表面粗さ 4nm
【0003】
また、特許文献2には、無電解めっき液の還元剤や錯化剤などに金属イオン(Naなど)を含まない化合物を用いることで、めっき被膜に含有された金属イオンが半導体装置中に拡散してその特性を劣化することを防止する技術が記載されている。無電解めっき液の還元剤として次亜リン酸が公知である。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
米国特許5,695,810号明細書
【特許文献2】
特許第3332668号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、半導体の配線幅はどんどん狭くなってきており、配線層のバリア層として、たとえば0.1μm以下の狭い配線幅への適用を考えた場合、薄膜化が必須である。また凹凸があればその分膜厚が厚くなるので、平坦化も必要である。膜厚が厚いと、0.1μm以下の配線への適用は不可能である。
そこで、本発明は、膜厚が薄く、かつ平坦性のよいコバルト系合金めっき被膜を作製することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、鋭意検討した結果、特定のめっき液を使用し、成膜速度を調整することによりその目的を達成することができることを見出した。具体的には、めっき液中の主たる金属イオンであるコバルトイオンの濃度を低くし、かつコバルトイオン濃度に対する還元剤の濃度を所定範囲にすることで成膜速度を調整し、その目的を達成することができることを見出した。
【0007】
即ち、本発明は、以下のとおりである。
(1) めっき液中の主たる金属イオンであるコバルトイオンの濃度が0.0005〜0.18モル/Lであり、コバルトイオン濃度に対する還元剤の濃度が当量倍数で、1.5〜25倍であることを特徴とするコバルト系合金めっき液。
(2) 前記めっき液がCoW系合金めっき液であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のコバルト系合金めっき液。
(3) 前記(1)又は(2)記載のコバルト系合金めっき液を用いてめっきすることを特徴とするコバルト系合金のめっき方法。
(4) 前記(1)又は(2)記載のコバルト系合金めっき液を用いて作製されたことを特徴とするコバルト系合金めっき物。
【0008】
本発明のめっき液において、コバルトイオン濃度の範囲は0.0005〜0.18モル/L、好ましくは0.0005〜0.10モル/L、より好ましくは0.005〜0.05モル/Lであり、コバルトイオン濃度に対する還元剤の当量倍数の範囲は、1.5〜25倍、好ましくは5〜25倍、より好ましくは10〜25倍である。
コバルトイオン濃度が増加すると成膜速度が増加し、めっき被膜の表面粗さも大きくなる。コバルトイオン濃度が低すぎると実用的な成膜速度でなくなる。
還元剤濃度が増加すると成膜速度が増加し、めっき被膜の表面粗さも大きくなる。また、増加しすぎるとめっき液が分解する。還元剤濃度が低すぎるとめっき反応が起こらなくなる。
【0009】
めっき液中でコバルトイオンを生ずるコバルト化合物としては、硫酸コバルト、ハロゲン化コバルト等が使用できる。
また、還元剤としては、次亜リン酸、次亜リン酸ナトリウムなどの次亜リン酸塩、ヒドラジン、ジメチルアミンボラン、水酸化ホウ素ナトリウムなどが使用可能である。なお、半導体装置用に使用する場合には、ナトリウムやカリウムなどがめっき被膜に混入する可能性がある次亜リン酸塩、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムなどよりも、混入する可能性の低い次亜リン酸、ヒドラジン、ジメチルアミンボランが好ましい。
【0010】
また、CoW系合金めっき被膜を作製する際には、めっき液にタングステンイオンを含む化合物として、(NH101241、(NHWO等を添加する。
タングステンイオンを含む化合物のめっき液への添加量としては、0.0001〜0.12モル/L、好ましくは0.0005〜0.05モル/Lである。
CoW系合金めっきとすることで、めっき被膜をバリア層とした時のバリア特性が向上する。得られた合金めっき膜中のタングステン含有量は、多いほど好ましく、0.1〜20モル%が好ましい。
【0011】
本発明のめっき液のpHとしては、8〜11、好ましくは9〜10である。また、本発明のめっき液は、浴温60〜90℃においてめっき可能である。めっき液のpH、及び浴温が上記範囲より低いとめっきが析出せず、高いとめっき液が分解する。
【0012】
更に本発明のめっき液は、必要に応じて錯化剤等を添加することもできる。錯化剤としては、クエン酸、酢酸、乳酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、りんご酸、酒石酸、ヒドロキシ酢酸、コハク酸、サリチル酸、グリシン、フタル酸等が挙げられ、クエン酸が特に好ましい。
【0013】
本発明のめっき液を用いて無電解めっきを行う際、前処理として1分子中に金属捕捉能を持つ官能基を有するシランカップリング剤で被めっき材を表面処理後、さらに貴金属化合物を含む溶液で表面処理することにより触媒を付与するのが好ましい。1分子中に金属捕捉能を持つ官能基を有するシランカップリング剤としては、アゾール系化合物とエポキシシラン系化合物との反応により得られたシランカップリング剤が好ましい。さらに金属捕捉機能を持つ官能基がイミダゾール基であることが好ましい。ここに記した前処理方法は、本発明を特に制限するものではなく、これ以外の一般的な前処理方法(Sn−Pdコロイド触媒処理等)により触媒を付与後無電解めっきを行っても構わない。
【0014】
本発明のめっき液を用いることにより、半導体装置における、狭い配線幅の配線層のバリア層として要求される、めっき被膜の膜厚10nm以下、表面粗さ5nm以下のめっき被膜を作製することができる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
実施例1〜9、比較例1〜2
めっき用試験片として、熱拡散により表面をSiOにしたシリコンウェハーを用い、めっき液として、表1−1及び表1−2記載の組成のめっき液を用いた。めっき液の調製にあたっては、各成分を所定量となるように水に溶解させ、70℃において所定のpHとなるようアンモニアを用いてpH調整をおこなった。めっき用試験片に対し、前処理としてイミダゾールとγ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランとの等モル反応生成物であるシランカップリング剤を0.02重量%含んだメタノール溶液へ室温で10分間の浸漬処理を行い、その後パラジウム濃度150mg/Lの塩化パラジウム水溶液に60℃で10分間浸漬することにより、触媒を付与した。
【0016】
前処理しためっき用試験片を、上記作製したそれぞれのめっき液に浸漬し、めっきを行い、得られためっき被膜について、膜厚、表面粗さを測定し評価した。
膜厚は、壁開断面のSEM観察により測定し、表面粗さは、AFMにより測定した。
結果を、表1−1及び表1−2に示す。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 2004339578
【0018】
【表2】
Figure 2004339578
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明のコバルト系合金めっき液を用いることにより、膜厚が薄く、かつ平坦性のよいめっきコバルト系合金被膜を作製することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cobalt-based alloy plating solution for producing a plating film of a cobalt-based alloy by electroless plating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Patent Literature 1 relates to a technique of a semiconductor device with respect to plating of a cobalt-based alloy, and relates to a barrier layer of a copper wiring layer (a layer that prevents diffusion of copper from a copper wiring layer into silicon and silicon oxide layers and corrosion of the copper wiring layer) ) Describes providing CoWP plating. The composition of the CoWP plating solution and the plating film obtained are as follows, and the film thickness is 150 to 200 nm.
(Plating solution composition)
CoCl 2 · 5H 2 O 30g / L
NaPH 2 O 2 20g / L
Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 · 2H 2 O 80g / L
(NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 10g / L
RODHAFAC # RE610 0.05g / L
(Plating film)
Film formation speed 35nm / min
Thickness 150-200nm
Resistance 28-32μΩcm
Surface roughness 4nm
[0003]
Patent Document 2 discloses that a metal ion (such as Na) is not used as a reducing agent or a complexing agent in an electroless plating solution, so that metal ions contained in a plating film diffuse into a semiconductor device. A technique for preventing the characteristics from being deteriorated is described. Hypophosphorous acid is known as a reducing agent for the electroless plating solution.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
US Pat. No. 5,695,810 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 3333268 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, the wiring width of semiconductors has been steadily becoming narrower. In consideration of application to a narrow wiring width of, for example, 0.1 μm or less as a barrier layer of a wiring layer, thinning is indispensable. In addition, if there are irregularities, the film thickness is increased by that amount, so that planarization is also required. If the film thickness is large, it is impossible to apply it to a wiring of 0.1 μm or less.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to produce a cobalt-based alloy plating film having a small thickness and good flatness.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the purpose can be achieved by using a specific plating solution and adjusting the film formation rate. Specifically, the concentration of cobalt ions, which are the main metal ions in the plating solution, is reduced, and the film forming rate is adjusted by setting the concentration of the reducing agent to the concentration of cobalt ions within a predetermined range, thereby achieving the object. I found that I can do it.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) The concentration of the cobalt ion, which is the main metal ion in the plating solution, is 0.0005 to 0.18 mol / L, and the concentration of the reducing agent with respect to the concentration of the cobalt ion is an equivalent multiple of 1.5 to 25 times. A cobalt-based alloy plating solution, characterized in that:
(2) The cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to claim 1, wherein the plating solution is a CoW-based alloy plating solution.
(3) A method for plating a cobalt-based alloy, comprising plating using the cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to the above (1) or (2).
(4) A cobalt-based alloy plating product produced using the cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to (1) or (2).
[0008]
In the plating solution of the present invention, the range of the cobalt ion concentration is 0.0005 to 0.18 mol / L, preferably 0.0005 to 0.10 mol / L, more preferably 0.005 to 0.05 mol / L. The range of the equivalent multiple of the reducing agent with respect to the cobalt ion concentration is 1.5 to 25 times, preferably 5 to 25 times, and more preferably 10 to 25 times.
As the cobalt ion concentration increases, the deposition rate increases, and the surface roughness of the plating film also increases. If the concentration of cobalt ions is too low, the film forming speed will not be practical.
As the concentration of the reducing agent increases, the deposition rate increases, and the surface roughness of the plating film also increases. On the other hand, if it is too large, the plating solution is decomposed. If the concentration of the reducing agent is too low, the plating reaction does not occur.
[0009]
As the cobalt compound that generates cobalt ions in the plating solution, cobalt sulfate, cobalt halide, and the like can be used.
As the reducing agent, hypophosphites such as hypophosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite, hydrazine, dimethylamine borane, sodium borohydride and the like can be used. When used for a semiconductor device, sodium or potassium, etc., which is likely to be mixed into the plating film, is less likely to be mixed than hypophosphorous acid, sodium borohydride, etc. , Hydrazine and dimethylamine borane are preferred.
[0010]
When producing a CoW-based alloy plating film, (NH 4 ) 10 W 12 O 41 , (NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 and the like are added to the plating solution as a compound containing tungsten ions.
The amount of the compound containing tungsten ions added to the plating solution is 0.0001 to 0.12 mol / L, preferably 0.0005 to 0.05 mol / L.
By using CoW-based alloy plating, barrier properties when the plating film is used as a barrier layer are improved. The higher the tungsten content in the obtained alloy plating film, the better, and preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%.
[0011]
The pH of the plating solution of the present invention is 8 to 11, preferably 9 to 10. The plating solution of the present invention can be plated at a bath temperature of 60 to 90 ° C. If the pH of the plating solution and the bath temperature are lower than the above ranges, the plating does not precipitate, and if the pH is higher, the plating solution is decomposed.
[0012]
Further, the plating solution of the present invention may optionally contain a complexing agent and the like. Examples of the complexing agent include citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, hydroxyacetic acid, succinic acid, salicylic acid, glycine, and phthalic acid, and citric acid is particularly preferred.
[0013]
When performing electroless plating using the plating solution of the present invention, as a pre-treatment, after subjecting the material to be plated to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent having a functional group having a metal capturing ability in one molecule, a solution containing a noble metal compound further It is preferable to provide a catalyst by performing a surface treatment on the catalyst. As the silane coupling agent having a functional group having a metal capturing ability in one molecule, a silane coupling agent obtained by reacting an azole compound with an epoxysilane compound is preferable. Further, the functional group having a metal capturing function is preferably an imidazole group. The pretreatment method described herein does not particularly limit the present invention, and electroless plating may be performed after applying a catalyst by another general pretreatment method (such as Sn-Pd colloid catalyst treatment). Absent.
[0014]
By using the plating solution of the present invention, it is possible to produce a plating film having a thickness of 10 nm or less and a surface roughness of 5 nm or less, which is required as a barrier layer of a wiring layer having a narrow wiring width in a semiconductor device. .
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Examples 1 to 9, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
As a test piece for plating, a silicon wafer whose surface was made to be SiO 2 by thermal diffusion was used, and as a plating solution, a plating solution having a composition shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-2 was used. In preparing the plating solution, each component was dissolved in water so as to have a predetermined amount, and the pH was adjusted using ammonia so as to have a predetermined pH at 70 ° C. As a pretreatment, the test piece for plating was placed in a methanol solution containing 0.02% by weight of a silane coupling agent, which is an equimolar reaction product of imidazole and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, at room temperature for 10 minutes. The catalyst was applied by immersion treatment and then immersion in an aqueous palladium chloride solution having a palladium concentration of 150 mg / L at 60 ° C for 10 minutes.
[0016]
The pretreated plating test pieces were immersed in each of the above prepared plating solutions, plated, and the thickness and surface roughness of the obtained plating film were measured and evaluated.
The film thickness was measured by SEM observation of the open wall section, and the surface roughness was measured by AFM.
The results are shown in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004339578
[0018]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004339578
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
By using the cobalt-based alloy plating solution of the present invention, a plated cobalt-based alloy film having a small thickness and good flatness can be produced.

Claims (4)

めっき液中の主たる金属イオンであるコバルトイオンの濃度が0.0005〜0.18モル/Lであり、コバルトイオン濃度に対する還元剤の濃度が当量倍数で、1.5〜25倍であることを特徴とするコバルト系合金めっき液。The concentration of the cobalt ion, which is the main metal ion in the plating solution, is 0.0005 to 0.18 mol / L, and the concentration of the reducing agent with respect to the concentration of the cobalt ion is an equivalent multiple of 1.5 to 25 times. Characteristic cobalt-based alloy plating solution. 前記めっき液がCoW系合金めっき液であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のコバルト系合金めっき液。The cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to claim 1, wherein the plating solution is a CoW-based alloy plating solution. 請求項1又は2記載のコバルト系合金めっき液を用いてめっきすることを特徴とするコバルト系合金のめっき方法。A method for plating a cobalt-based alloy, comprising plating using the cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to claim 1. 請求項1又は2記載のコバルト系合金めっき液を用いて作製されたことを特徴とするコバルト系合金めっき物。A cobalt-based alloy plating product produced using the cobalt-based alloy plating solution according to claim 1.
JP2003138477A 2003-05-16 2003-05-16 Cobalt alloy plating solution, plating method and plated article Pending JP2004339578A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007246980A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246981A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246979A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246978A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
WO2007111125A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-10-04 Jsr Corporation Electroless plating liquid

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0673553A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-03-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Electroless-plating solution for forming black matrix substrate and substrate formed by using the same
JPH11186697A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-09 Fuji Film Olin Kk Formation of metallic image
JPH11284314A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-15 Fujifilm Olin Co Ltd Formation of metallic image and electric wiring board
JP2001355074A (en) * 2000-04-10 2001-12-25 Sony Corp Electroless plating method, and apparatus thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0673553A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-03-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Electroless-plating solution for forming black matrix substrate and substrate formed by using the same
JPH11186697A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-09 Fuji Film Olin Kk Formation of metallic image
JPH11284314A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-15 Fujifilm Olin Co Ltd Formation of metallic image and electric wiring board
JP2001355074A (en) * 2000-04-10 2001-12-25 Sony Corp Electroless plating method, and apparatus thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007246980A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246981A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246979A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
JP2007246978A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Jsr Corp Electroless plating liquid
WO2007111125A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-10-04 Jsr Corporation Electroless plating liquid

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