JP2004275842A - Waste gas purification catalyst - Google Patents

Waste gas purification catalyst Download PDF

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JP2004275842A
JP2004275842A JP2003068667A JP2003068667A JP2004275842A JP 2004275842 A JP2004275842 A JP 2004275842A JP 2003068667 A JP2003068667 A JP 2003068667A JP 2003068667 A JP2003068667 A JP 2003068667A JP 2004275842 A JP2004275842 A JP 2004275842A
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Prior art keywords
catalyst
exhaust gas
noble metal
weight ratio
gas purifying
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JP4236488B2 (en
Inventor
Junya Shirahata
潤也 白畑
Tadashi Tokui
正 徳井
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Cataler Corp
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Cataler Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a waste gas purification catalyst exhibiting a high HC (hydrocarbon) cleaning performance. <P>SOLUTION: This waste gas cleaning catalyst comprises a carrier layer and a catalyst noble metal. Therein, the carrier layer contains aluminum, cerium, zirconium and at least one kind of rare earth element. The catalyst noble metal is platina, palladium and rhodium and a weight ratio of Pt:Pd:Rh is 2-10:20-30:0.5-2. The waste gas purification catalyst has the excellent purification performance of HC component by controlling the weight ratio between the component contained in a porous body constituting the carrier layer and the catalyst noble metal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、排ガス浄化用触媒に関し、詳しくは、汎用2ストロークエンジンからの排気ガスを浄化する排ガス浄化用触媒に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、内燃機関からの排気ガスは各種触媒を用いて有害成分を浄化した後に排出されている。触媒は、その機能から、酸化触媒、還元触媒、三元触媒に大別される。
【0003】
酸化触媒は、主に炭化水素(HC)および一酸化炭素(CO)を酸化するもので、酸素過剰雰囲気下でよく働く。還元触媒は、窒素酸化物(NOx)を還元するもので、酸素が乏しい雰囲気中でよく働く。三元触媒は、HCおよびCOなどの未燃焼物質の酸化とNOxの還元を同時に行うものであり、理論空燃比のごく近傍でよく働く。
【0004】
2ストロークのエンジンからの排気ガスを浄化する触媒としてさまざまな排ガス浄化用触媒が開発されている。(たとえば、特許文献1〜6参照。)
これらの特許文献には、触媒担体基材上にアルミナ等からなる多孔質の担持層を形成し、Pt、Rh、Pdより選ばれる少なくとも一種よりなる触媒貴金属が担持された排ガス浄化用触媒が開示されている。
【0005】
2ストロークのエンジンは、たとえば、各種作業機械に用いられる汎用エンジンとして使用されている。汎用エンジンの排ガスは、たとえば、U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)やCalifornia Air Resources Board(CARB)において上記成分の規制が行われている。
【0006】
2ストロークの小型の汎用エンジンにとって上記規制は、HC成分において非常に厳しい規制であった。すなわち、従来の酸化触媒あるいは三元触媒で排気ガスの浄化を行おうとすると、触媒の担持量を多くする必要があった。このことは触媒の体格が大きくなることを示す。しかしながら、小型の汎用エンジンの搭載機械(たとえば、チェーンソーなど)は、機械全体の体格も大きくなく、かつ排気系統の装置(たとえばマフラなど)の体格も小さくすることが求められており、大きな触媒を取り付けることは困難であった。このため、従来の酸化触媒および三元触媒では、HC成分の浄化が不十分となるため、十分に排ガスの浄化が行われなかった。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−98934号公報
【特許文献2】
特表2000−350933号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平11−333305号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平7−269331号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平6−248934号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平5−280327号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、小型の汎用エンジンの排出規制を満足できるように高いHC浄化性能を示す排ガス浄化用触媒を提供することを課題とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明者らは排ガス浄化用触媒について検討を重ねた結果、Al、Ce、Zrおよび希土類元素の少なくとも一種を担持層が有するとともに担持量が調節されたPt、PdおよびRhを担持した触媒とすることで上記課題を解決できることを見出した。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、耐熱性多孔質体よりなる担持層と、担持層に担持された触媒貴金属と、を有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、担持層が、アルミニウム、セリウムおよびジルコニウムと、希土類元素の少なくとも一種と、を含有し、触媒貴金属が白金、パラジウムおよびロジウムであり、かつPt:Pd:Rhの重量比が2〜10:20〜30:0.5〜2であることを特徴とする。
【0011】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、担持層を構成する多孔質体に含有される成分と触媒貴金属の重量比を調節することで、HC成分の浄化特性に優れた排ガス浄化用触媒となっている。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、担持層が、アルミニウム、セリウムおよびジルコニウムと、希土類元素の少なくとも一種と、を含有する。これらの成分元素を含有することで、担持層が耐熱性に優れかつ大きな比表面積を有するようになる。担持層においては、これらの成分元素は酸化物を形成している。また、これらの成分元素の複数の酸化物は、お互いに固溶した固溶体を形成していてもよい。
【0013】
アルミニウムは、担持層の主成分を構成する。担持層においては、酸化物であるアルミナを形成していることが好ましい。担持層に占める酸化アルミニウムの割合は、担持層全体を100wt%としたときに、35〜85wt%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、50〜78wt%である。
【0014】
酸化セリウムは、高いOストレージ能を有することが知られており、排ガス中のHCおよびCOの浄化を行う。担持層に占める酸化セリウムの割合は、担持層全体を100wt%としたときに、10〜30wt%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、15〜25wt%である。
【0015】
酸化ジルコニウムは、酸化セリウムの耐熱性を向上させ、より高温の使用条件下での高いOストレージ能を維持することが可能になる。担持層に占める酸化ジルコニウムの割合は、担持層全体を100wt%としたときに、2〜15wt%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、2〜10wt%である。
【0016】
希土類元素の少なくとも一種を有することで、HCをより効率的に浄化させることができる。担持層に占める希土類元素の割合は、担持層全体を100wt%としたときに、3〜20wt%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、5〜15wt%である。
【0017】
担持層は、全体を100wt%としたときに、65wt%のアルミニウムと、20wt%のセリウムと、5wt%のジルコニウムと、10wt%の希土類元素と、を有することが好ましい。
【0018】
希土類元素の少なくとも一種は、ランタンであることが好ましい。担持層がランタンを有することで、よりすぐれたHC浄化性能を発揮できる。
【0019】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、触媒貴金属が白金、パラジウムおよびロジウムであり、かつPt:Pd:Rhの重量比が2〜10:20〜30:0.5〜2である。本発明は、Pt、PdおよびRhをこの重量比で担持することで、HC浄化性能に優れた排ガス浄化用触媒となる。各貴金属のいずれかがこの重量比を外れても、HC浄化性能が低下する。より好ましくは、Pt:Pd:Rhの重量比が4〜6:23〜27:0.75〜1.25であり、さらに好ましくは、5:25:1である。
【0020】
Ptが過剰になると(Ptの重量比が10を超える)、HC浄化性能が低下し、Ptが過小となると(Ptの重量比が2未満となる)、空燃比における燃料が過剰となるリッチ雰囲気化でのハイドロカーボンのコーキングが発生するようになる。Pdが過剰になると(Pdの重量比が30を超える)、リッチ雰囲気化での耐久性が低下し、Pdが過小となると(Pdの重量比が20未満となる)、HC浄化性能が低下する。Rhが過剰になると(Rhの重量比が2を超える)、HC浄化能が低下し、Rhが過小となると(Rhの重量比が0.5未満となる)、耐久性が低下する。
【0021】
従来の排ガス浄化用触媒として、触媒貴金属としてPt、PdおよびRhを用いた三元触媒がある。三元触媒は、NOx浄化性能を維持するために、Pdに対するPtおよびRhの重量比が高かった(すなわち、Pd量が本発明の上記重量比より、大幅に低下していた。たとえば、Pt:Pd:Rhの重量比が5:5:1で担持されていた。)。
【0022】
担持層が担体基材上に形成されたことが好ましい。担持層が担体基材上にもうけられることで、排ガス浄化用触媒としての形状を確保できる。また、担体基材は、従来の排ガス浄化用触媒に用いられている担体基材を用いることができる。たとえば、コーディエライト等のセラミックス、ステンレス等の耐熱性金属などの耐熱性材料により形成された、モノリス状のハニカム担体や、筒状のパイプ触媒担体をあげることができる。素早く触媒活性温度まで上昇する耐熱性金属よりなるメタルハニカム担体であることが好ましい。
【0023】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒において、触媒貴金属は、上記重量比を有するように担持されるものであり、触媒貴金属全体の担持量は特に限定されない。担持量が大幅に少ないと、十分な排ガス浄化性能が得られなくなるため、触媒担体1cmあたりの触媒貴金属重量が0.001g以上であることが好ましい。
【0024】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではない。
【0025】
たとえば、以下の方法により製造することができる。
【0026】
まず、酸化アルミニウム、酸化セリウム、酸化ジルコニウム、希土類元素およびバインダーを含有したスラリーを調製する。調製されたスラリーを触媒担体基材の表面に塗布し、乾燥、焼成する。そして、あらかじめ調製した触媒貴金属溶液を浸漬させた後に乾燥させる。このような手段により、本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒を製造することができる。
【0027】
本発明の排気ガス浄化用触媒の担持層に占める各成分の重量割合は、上記製造方法のように担持層の形成がスラリーを用いている場合には、スラリー中の固体割合から求めることができる。
【0028】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、3種類の触媒貴金属を所定の重量比で担持しているため、高いHC浄化性能を有している。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を用いて本発明を説明する。
【0030】
本発明の実施例として、排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0031】
(実施例1)
まず、アルミナ(Al)粉末100重量部、酸化セリウム(CeO)40重量部、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO)10重量部、ランタン化合物(炭酸ランタン)30重量部を秤量し、脱イオン水150重量部に分散させ、ついでアルミナ換算で5重量部のアルミナゾルを添加し、湿式粉砕してアルミナスラリーを調製した。
【0032】
調製されたアルミナスラリーを、セル数が200セルのウォールフローのガス流通セルを有する直径35mm×軸方向の長さ20mmの円筒状のステンレス製ハニカム担体に塗布し、200℃で1時間乾燥し、ついで400℃で1時間焼成して担持層を形成した。
【0033】
担持層に占めるアルミナ、酸化セリウム、酸化ジルコニウムおよび酸化ランタンの割合は、担持層全体を100wt%としたときに、63wt%:24wt%:6wt%:7wt%であった。
【0034】
白金塩0.00075g、パラジウム塩0.0021g、ロジウム塩0.00015gを100mlの水に溶解させて、貴金属水溶液を調製した。この貴金属水溶液は、全貴金属中のPt、PdおよびRhの割合が25wt%:70wt%:5wt%であり、重量比で10:28:2であった。
【0035】
調製された貴金属水溶液に担持層が形成されたハニカム担体を浸漬し、乾燥焼成した。貴金属水溶液への浸漬により、触媒担体1cmあたりの担持量を0.003g(85g/ft)で触媒貴金属を担持させた。担持層に担持された触媒貴金属は、上記重量比で担持された。
【0036】
(実施例2)
全貴金属中のPt、PdおよびRhの割合が16wt%:82wt%:2wt%であり、重量比が4:20.5:0.5の貴金属水溶液を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0037】
(実施例3)
全貴金属中のPt、PdおよびRhの割合が16wt%:81wt%:3wt%であり、重量比が5:25:1の貴金属水溶液を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0038】
(比較例1)
全貴金属中のPtおよびRhの割合が80wt%:20wt%であり、重量比が5:1の貴金属水溶液を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0039】
本比較例は、貴金属触媒としてPtとRhのみを用いた例である。
【0040】
(比較例2)
全貴金属中のPt、PdおよびRhの割合が60wt%:20wt%:20wt%であり、重量比が3:1:1の貴金属水溶液を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0041】
本比較例は、Pdの重量比が本発明の範囲から大幅に少ない例である。
【0042】
(比較例3)
貴金属触媒としてPdのみを担持させた以外は、実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。すなわち、貴金属水溶液としてPd水溶液を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に排ガス浄化用触媒を製造した。
【0043】
本比較例は、貴金属触媒がPdのみからなる例である。
【0044】
(比較例4)
まず、アルミナ粉末100重量部を秤量し、脱イオン水150重量部に分散させ、ついでアルミナ換算で5重量部のアルミナゾルを添加し、湿式粉砕してアルミナスラリーを調製した。
【0045】
調製されたアルミナスラリーを、実施例1と同様なメタルハニカム担体に塗布し、200℃で1時間乾燥し、ついで400℃で1時間焼成して担持層を形成した。
【0046】
実施例1と同様に、白金塩、パラジウム塩およびロジウム塩を水に溶解させて、貴金属水溶液を調製した。この貴金属水溶液は、全貴金属中のPt、PdおよびRhの割合が16wt%:82wt%:2wt%であり、重量比で4:20.5:0.5であった。
【0047】
調製された貴金属水溶液に担持層が形成されたハニカム担体を浸漬し、乾燥焼成した。貴金属水溶液への浸漬により、触媒担体1cmあたりの担持量を0.003g(85g/ft)で触媒貴金属を担持させた。担持層に担持された触媒貴金属は、上記重量比で担持された。
【0048】
本比較例は、担持層がアルミナのみからなる例である。
【0049】
(評価)
実施例および比較例の排ガス浄化用触媒の評価として、各触媒のHC浄化率を測定した。
【0050】
HC浄化率の測定は、具体的には、まず、各触媒を2ストロークエンジン(排気量33cc)の排気系に取り付けた。その後、このエンジンを全開(3600rpm)で300時間作動させた。
【0051】
その後、SAE(Society of Automotive Engineers)のJ−1088に規定された方法でHC浄化率の測定を行った。測定結果を表1および図1に示した。
【0052】
【表1】

Figure 2004275842
【0053】
図1および表1より、実施例の触媒は、比較例の触媒よりも特に高いHC浄化率を示している。
【0054】
すなわち、実施例の触媒は、HC成分の浄化性能に優れた排ガス浄化用触媒であることがわかる。また、実施例の触媒は、CO成分およびNOx成分に対しても十分に高い浄化性能を有している。
【0055】
【発明の効果】
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、担持層を構成する多孔質体に含有される成分と触媒貴金属の重量比を調節することで、HC成分の浄化特性に優れた排ガス浄化用触媒となっている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例および比較例の排ガス浄化用触媒のHC浄化率の測定結果を示した図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas purifying catalyst for purifying exhaust gas from a general-purpose two-stroke engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine has been exhausted after purifying harmful components using various catalysts. Catalysts are roughly classified into oxidation catalysts, reduction catalysts, and three-way catalysts according to their functions.
[0003]
The oxidation catalyst mainly oxidizes hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO), and works well in an oxygen-excess atmosphere. The reduction catalyst reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) and works well in an oxygen-poor atmosphere. The three-way catalyst simultaneously oxidizes unburned substances such as HC and CO and reduces NOx, and works well near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
[0004]
Various exhaust gas purifying catalysts have been developed as catalysts for purifying exhaust gas from a two-stroke engine. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 6.)
These patent documents disclose an exhaust gas purifying catalyst in which a porous support layer made of alumina or the like is formed on a catalyst support substrate, and a catalyst noble metal of at least one selected from Pt, Rh, and Pd is supported. Have been.
[0005]
A two-stroke engine is used, for example, as a general-purpose engine used for various work machines. Exhaust gas from general-purpose engines is, for example, U.S. S. The above components are regulated in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB).
[0006]
For a small two-stroke general-purpose engine, the above regulations were very strict for HC components. In other words, when purifying exhaust gas with a conventional oxidation catalyst or three-way catalyst, it was necessary to increase the amount of catalyst carried. This indicates that the size of the catalyst increases. However, a machine equipped with a small general-purpose engine (for example, a chainsaw) is not required to have a large physical size of the entire machine and a small physical size of an exhaust system device (for example, a muffler). It was difficult to install. For this reason, with the conventional oxidation catalyst and three-way catalyst, purification of the HC component is insufficient, so that exhaust gas has not been sufficiently purified.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-98934 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-350933 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-11-333305 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-269331 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-6-248934 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-5-280327
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying catalyst exhibiting high HC purifying performance so as to satisfy emission regulations of a small general-purpose engine.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have repeatedly studied an exhaust gas purifying catalyst. As a result, the carrier layer has at least one of Al, Ce, Zr and a rare earth element, and the amount of Pt, Pd and It has been found that the above problem can be solved by using a catalyst supporting Rh.
[0010]
That is, the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst having a support layer made of a heat-resistant porous body and a catalytic noble metal supported on the support layer, wherein the support layer is made of aluminum, cerium and It contains zirconium and at least one rare earth element, the catalytic noble metals are platinum, palladium and rhodium, and the weight ratio of Pt: Pd: Rh is 2-10: 20-30: 0.5-2. It is characterized by the following.
[0011]
The exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst having excellent HC component purifying characteristics by adjusting the weight ratio of the component contained in the porous body constituting the support layer and the catalyst noble metal. .
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention, the support layer contains aluminum, cerium and zirconium, and at least one rare earth element. By containing these component elements, the carrier layer is excellent in heat resistance and has a large specific surface area. In the carrier layer, these component elements form an oxide. Further, a plurality of oxides of these component elements may form a solid solution in which they are dissolved in each other.
[0013]
Aluminum constitutes the main component of the carrier layer. In the carrier layer, it is preferable to form alumina which is an oxide. The proportion of aluminum oxide in the support layer is preferably 35 to 85 wt% when the entire support layer is 100 wt%. More preferably, it is 50 to 78 wt%.
[0014]
Cerium oxide is known to have a high O 2 storage capacity, and purifies HC and CO in exhaust gas. The ratio of cerium oxide in the support layer is preferably 10 to 30 wt% when the entire support layer is 100 wt%. More preferably, it is 15 to 25 wt%.
[0015]
Zirconium oxide improves the heat resistance of cerium oxide, and makes it possible to maintain high O 2 storage capability under higher temperature use conditions. The proportion of zirconium oxide in the support layer is preferably 2 to 15 wt%, when the entire support layer is 100 wt%. More preferably, it is 2 to 10 wt%.
[0016]
By having at least one rare earth element, HC can be more efficiently purified. The ratio of the rare earth element in the support layer is preferably 3 to 20% by weight when the entire support layer is 100% by weight. More preferably, it is 5 to 15 wt%.
[0017]
The supporting layer preferably contains 65 wt% of aluminum, 20 wt% of cerium, 5 wt% of zirconium, and 10 wt% of a rare earth element when the whole is 100 wt%.
[0018]
Preferably, at least one of the rare earth elements is lanthanum. Since the carrier layer contains lanthanum, more excellent HC purification performance can be exhibited.
[0019]
In the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention, the catalytic noble metals are platinum, palladium and rhodium, and the weight ratio of Pt: Pd: Rh is 2 to 10:20 to 30: 0.5 to 2. The present invention provides an exhaust gas purifying catalyst having excellent HC purifying performance by supporting Pt, Pd and Rh at this weight ratio. If any one of the noble metals deviates from this weight ratio, the HC purification performance is reduced. More preferably, the weight ratio of Pt: Pd: Rh is from 4 to 6:23 to 27: 0.75 to 1.25, even more preferably from 5: 25: 1.
[0020]
When Pt becomes excessive (the weight ratio of Pt exceeds 10), the HC purification performance decreases, and when Pt becomes too small (the weight ratio of Pt becomes less than 2), the rich atmosphere in which the fuel in the air-fuel ratio becomes excessive is obtained. Caking of hydrocarbons occurs during the chemical conversion. If Pd is excessive (the weight ratio of Pd exceeds 30), the durability in a rich atmosphere is reduced, and if Pd is too small (the weight ratio of Pd is less than 20), the HC purification performance is reduced. . When Rh becomes excessive (the Rh weight ratio exceeds 2), the HC purification ability decreases, and when Rh becomes too small (the Rh weight ratio becomes less than 0.5), the durability decreases.
[0021]
As a conventional exhaust gas purifying catalyst, there is a three-way catalyst using Pt, Pd and Rh as catalytic noble metals. In the three-way catalyst, in order to maintain the NOx purification performance, the weight ratio of Pt and Rh to Pd was high (that is, the Pd amount was significantly lower than the weight ratio of the present invention. For example, Pt: Pd: Rh was supported at a weight ratio of 5: 5: 1.)
[0022]
Preferably, the carrier layer is formed on a carrier substrate. By providing the carrier layer on the carrier substrate, the shape as an exhaust gas purifying catalyst can be secured. Further, as the carrier substrate, a carrier substrate used in a conventional exhaust gas purifying catalyst can be used. For example, a monolith-shaped honeycomb carrier or a tubular pipe catalyst carrier formed of a heat-resistant material such as ceramics such as cordierite or a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel can be used. It is preferable that the metal honeycomb carrier is made of a heat-resistant metal that quickly rises to the catalyst activation temperature.
[0023]
In the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention, the catalytic noble metal is supported so as to have the above-mentioned weight ratio, and the amount of the catalytic noble metal carried as a whole is not particularly limited. If the supported amount is too small, sufficient exhaust gas purification performance cannot be obtained, so the weight of the noble metal catalyst per 1 cm 3 of the catalyst carrier is preferably 0.001 g or more.
[0024]
The method for producing the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited.
[0025]
For example, it can be manufactured by the following method.
[0026]
First, a slurry containing aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, a rare earth element and a binder is prepared. The prepared slurry is applied to the surface of the catalyst support substrate, dried and fired. Then, the catalyst noble metal solution prepared in advance is immersed and then dried. By such means, the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention can be manufactured.
[0027]
The weight ratio of each component in the support layer of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention can be determined from the solid ratio in the slurry when the formation of the support layer uses a slurry as in the above production method. .
[0028]
The exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention has high HC purifying performance because it carries three kinds of catalytic noble metals at a predetermined weight ratio.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using examples.
[0030]
As an example of the present invention, an exhaust gas purifying catalyst was manufactured.
[0031]
(Example 1)
First, 100 parts by weight of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) powder, 40 parts by weight of cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), 10 parts by weight of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and 30 parts by weight of a lanthanum compound (lanthanum carbonate) were weighed, and deionized water was used. It was dispersed in 150 parts by weight, and then 5 parts by weight of alumina sol in terms of alumina was added and wet-pulverized to prepare an alumina slurry.
[0032]
The prepared alumina slurry was applied to a cylindrical stainless steel honeycomb carrier having a diameter of 35 mm and a length of 20 mm in the axial direction having a gas flow cell having a wall flow of 200 cells and dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour, Then, it was fired at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to form a carrier layer.
[0033]
The ratio of alumina, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, and lanthanum oxide in the support layer was 63 wt%: 24 wt%: 6 wt%: 7 wt% when the entire support layer was 100 wt%.
[0034]
0.00075 g of a platinum salt, 0.0021 g of a palladium salt, and 0.00015 g of a rhodium salt were dissolved in 100 ml of water to prepare a noble metal aqueous solution. In this noble metal aqueous solution, the ratio of Pt, Pd and Rh in all the noble metals was 25 wt%: 70 wt%: 5 wt%, and the weight ratio was 10: 28: 2.
[0035]
The honeycomb carrier on which the carrier layer was formed was immersed in the prepared noble metal aqueous solution, and dried and fired. The catalyst noble metal was supported at a loading of 0.003 g (85 g / ft 3 ) per 1 cm 3 of the catalyst carrier by immersion in the noble metal aqueous solution. The catalytic noble metal supported on the support layer was supported at the above weight ratio.
[0036]
(Example 2)
Exhaust gas in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Pt, Pd and Rh in all the noble metals was 16 wt%: 82 wt%: 2 wt%, and a noble metal aqueous solution having a weight ratio of 4: 20.5: 0.5 was used. A purification catalyst was manufactured.
[0037]
(Example 3)
A catalyst for purifying exhaust gas was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Pt, Pd and Rh in all the noble metals was 16 wt%: 81 wt%: 3 wt%, and a noble metal aqueous solution having a weight ratio of 5: 25: 1 was used. Manufactured.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 1)
Exhaust gas purification catalysts were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Pt and Rh in all the noble metals was 80 wt%: 20 wt%, and a noble metal aqueous solution having a weight ratio of 5: 1 was used.
[0039]
This comparative example is an example using only Pt and Rh as the noble metal catalyst.
[0040]
(Comparative Example 2)
A catalyst for purifying exhaust gas was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Pt, Pd and Rh in all the noble metals was 60 wt%: 20 wt%: 20 wt%, and a noble metal aqueous solution having a weight ratio of 3: 1: 1 was used. Manufactured.
[0041]
This comparative example is an example in which the weight ratio of Pd is significantly smaller than the range of the present invention.
[0042]
(Comparative Example 3)
An exhaust gas purifying catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only Pd was supported as a noble metal catalyst. That is, an exhaust gas purifying catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a Pd aqueous solution was used as the noble metal aqueous solution.
[0043]
This comparative example is an example in which the noble metal catalyst is composed of only Pd.
[0044]
(Comparative Example 4)
First, 100 parts by weight of alumina powder was weighed and dispersed in 150 parts by weight of deionized water, and then 5 parts by weight of alumina sol in terms of alumina was added and wet-pulverized to prepare an alumina slurry.
[0045]
The prepared alumina slurry was applied to the same metal honeycomb carrier as in Example 1, dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour, and fired at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to form a support layer.
[0046]
As in Example 1, a platinum salt, a palladium salt, and a rhodium salt were dissolved in water to prepare a noble metal aqueous solution. In this noble metal aqueous solution, the ratio of Pt, Pd and Rh in all the noble metals was 16 wt%: 82 wt%: 2 wt%, and the weight ratio was 4: 20.5: 0.5.
[0047]
The honeycomb carrier on which the carrier layer was formed was immersed in the prepared noble metal aqueous solution, and dried and fired. By immersing the catalyst noble metal aqueous solution, the catalyst noble metal was loaded at a loading of 0.003 g (85 g / ft 3 ) per 1 cm 3 of the catalyst carrier. The catalytic noble metal supported on the support layer was supported at the above weight ratio.
[0048]
This comparative example is an example in which the support layer is made of only alumina.
[0049]
(Evaluation)
As an evaluation of the exhaust gas purifying catalysts of the examples and comparative examples, the HC purifying rates of the respective catalysts were measured.
[0050]
For the measurement of the HC purification rate, first, each catalyst was attached to an exhaust system of a two-stroke engine (displacement: 33 cc). Thereafter, the engine was operated at full open (3600 rpm) for 300 hours.
[0051]
Thereafter, the HC purification rate was measured by a method specified in JE-1088 of SAE (Society of Automated Engineers). The measurement results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
[0052]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004275842
[0053]
From FIG. 1 and Table 1, the catalyst of the example shows a particularly high HC purification rate than the catalyst of the comparative example.
[0054]
That is, it can be seen that the catalysts of the examples are exhaust gas purifying catalysts having excellent HC component purifying performance. Further, the catalysts of the examples have sufficiently high purification performance for CO components and NOx components.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
The exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst having excellent HC component purifying characteristics by adjusting the weight ratio between the component contained in the porous body constituting the support layer and the catalytic noble metal. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing measurement results of HC purification rates of exhaust gas purifying catalysts of an example and a comparative example.

Claims (4)

耐熱性多孔質体よりなる担持層と、
該担持層に担持された触媒貴金属と、
を有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、
該担持層が、アルミニウム、セリウムおよびジルコニウムと、希土類元素の少なくとも一種と、を含有し、
該触媒貴金属が、白金、パラジウムおよびロジウムであり、かつPt:Pd:Rhの重量比が2〜10:20〜30:0.5〜2であることを特徴とする排ガス浄化用触媒。
A support layer made of a heat-resistant porous body,
A catalytic noble metal supported on the support layer,
An exhaust gas purifying catalyst having:
The support layer contains aluminum, cerium and zirconium, and at least one rare earth element,
An exhaust gas purifying catalyst, wherein the catalytic noble metal is platinum, palladium and rhodium, and the weight ratio of Pt: Pd: Rh is 2 to 10:20 to 30: 0.5 to 2.
前記希土類元素の少なくとも一種は、ランタンである請求項1記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。The exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the rare earth elements is lanthanum. 前記触媒貴金属のPt:Pd:Rhの重量比が4〜6:23〜27:0.75〜1.25である請求項1記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。The exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of Pt: Pd: Rh of the catalytic noble metal is 4 to 6:23 to 27: 0.75 to 1.25. 前記担持層が担体基材上に形成された請求項1記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。The exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the support layer is formed on a carrier substrate.
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