JP2004183080A - Coated metallic sheet having excellent electroconductivity, corrosion resistance and formability - Google Patents

Coated metallic sheet having excellent electroconductivity, corrosion resistance and formability Download PDF

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JP2004183080A
JP2004183080A JP2002354714A JP2002354714A JP2004183080A JP 2004183080 A JP2004183080 A JP 2004183080A JP 2002354714 A JP2002354714 A JP 2002354714A JP 2002354714 A JP2002354714 A JP 2002354714A JP 2004183080 A JP2004183080 A JP 2004183080A
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conductive particles
particle size
coating layer
corrosion resistance
particles
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JP3993815B2 (en
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Hiroshi Kanai
洋 金井
Masahiro Fuda
雅裕 布田
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Priority to JP2002354714A priority Critical patent/JP3993815B2/en
Priority to CN038166933A priority patent/CN1668460B/en
Priority to KR1020047018310A priority patent/KR100619638B1/en
Priority to AU2003234918A priority patent/AU2003234918A1/en
Priority to US10/514,369 priority patent/US7390564B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/006027 priority patent/WO2003095195A1/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coated metallic sheet which has stable weldability (electroconductivity) and earth properties, and also has excellent formability and corrosion resistance. <P>SOLUTION: In the coated metallic sheet having excellent electroconductivity, corrosion resistance and formability, as for the metallic sheet in which a coating layer comprising electroconductive particles is formed on at least one side, the mode of the number distribution in the electroconductive particles lies in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm by a particle diameter, and the content of the electroconductive particles in the coating layer is also 15 to 60 vol.%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、家電、OA機器、土木・建材、自動車用等に用いられる導電性粒子を含有する被覆層が形成された金属板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
金属板上に形成される被覆層は、そのバインダーとして導電性を持たない樹脂等を用いるため、導電性を持たず、溶接することができないし、アースを取ることも難しい。そこで、導電性粒子を含有する被覆層を金属板上に形成することによって、導電性を付与し、溶接を可能とする技術や、アースを取るための導電性を付与する技術が提案されている。
【0003】
例えば、特開平9−234820号公報には、導電性粒子としてリン化鉄を使用した樹脂被覆を金属板に施すことによって溶接性を付与する技術が例示されている。ここでは、導電性粒子の量が20〜45質量%に規定されており、この量の制御で溶接性が確保されている。粒子の粒径については、平均粒径20μm以下が良いと述べられている。
【0004】
また、特開平7−314601号公報には、導電性粒子としてNi系粒子を使用することによって、アース性を付与する技術が例示されている。ここでは、導電性粒子の粒径について平均値と最大値が規定され、燐片状の場合には長径最大100μm、平均15μmのものを11〜200部、さらに鎖状のものを加える場合には最大44μm、平均2.5μmのものを10部以下加えることが、導電性を確保する上で重要であることが記載されている。
【0005】
また、特開平1−60668号公報には、導電性を付与するための金属系粒子の平均粒径と塗膜厚みとの比を規定し、平均粒径が膜厚の0.5〜3倍の場合に導電性が確保できることが記載されている。粒径についての詳細な記述はないが、実施例には平均粒径で7.5〜25μmの例が記載されている。
【0006】
最近でも、特開2002−172363号公報には、粒径0.5〜10μmのフェロシリコンを10〜70質量%含有した有機樹脂皮膜を2.5〜8μmの厚みで亜鉛系めっき鋼板に被覆することで、溶接性に優れた表面処理鋼板を得る技術が提案されている。
【0007】
上記の各発明は、被覆層に導電性を付与し、それによって、被覆金属板として溶接性やアース性を確保するという点では十分な技術を提示している。しかし、安定した溶接性やアース性を得ると共に、成形性や耐食性をも両立するという点では、不十分であった。これは、粒子の粒径について、平均粒径、あるいは最大粒径という概念だけが用いられ、粒径分布については考慮されていないことに一因がある。
【0008】
耐食性を向上する観点で、防錆顔料を入れることが上記の特開平9−234820号公報や特開2002−172363号公報には記載されているが、導電性顔料の他に防錆顔料を入れることで、導電性や成形性は低下するため、可能であれば、防錆顔料の添加は最小限に抑える必要がある。また、特開2002−172363号公報には、下地となるめっき鋼板について、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を使用すると耐食性により優れた被覆鋼板が得られることが記述されているが、めっき種類を変えることで価格が高くなったり、他の性能を犠牲にしたりすることもあり、下地となる鋼板の種類によらず高い耐食性や成形性を得られることが望まれる。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−234820号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平7−314601号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平1−60668号公報
【特許文献4】
特開2002−172363号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上述のような問題点を解決するために、導電性(例えば、溶接性やアース性)、耐食性、成形性に優れる被覆金属板を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の技術的なポイントのひとつは、金属板上に形成される導電性粒子の粒径について、特開平7−314601号公報、特開2000−319790号公報等で提案されている「平均粒径」ではなく、粒度分布まで考慮に入れることによって、導電性、耐食性、成形性が両立できることを見出したことである。もう一点は、従来は、平均粒径が比較的大きく、たとえば特開平1−60668号公報にみられるように、塗膜厚みに対しても、ある程度以上の大きさとなる導電性粒子を加えることによって、導電性を確保することが行われているのに対し、小さな粒径の導電性粒子を使用する方が、導電性が安定し、かつ耐食性や成形性にも良い影響を及ぼすことを見出したことである。
【0012】
具体的には、
(1) 導電性粒子を含有する被覆層が少なくとも片面に形成された金属板において、導電性粒子の個数分布の最頻値が粒径0.05〜1.0μmの範囲にあり、かつ導電性粒子の被覆層中の全含有量が15〜60容量%であることを特徴とする導電性、耐食性、成形性に優れる被覆金属板、
(2) 前記導電性粒子の個数分布の最頻値において、その全導電性粒子数に占める割合が5%以上であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の被覆金属板、
(3) 前記導電性粒子の粒径毎の体積分布における最頻値が、2〜20μmである(1)又は(2)に記載の被覆金属板、
(4) 被覆層の平均厚みが2〜20μmであることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
(5) 導電性粒子の最大粒径が25μm以下であることを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
(6) 導電性粒子がフェロシリコンであることを特徴とする(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
(7) 被覆層中のバインダー成分がウレタン結合を含む樹脂を主成分とすることを特徴とする(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
(8) 被覆層中のバインダー成分が熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とすることを特徴とする(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
(9) 被覆層中に防錆顔料及び/又はシリカを併せて20容量%以下含有することを特徴とする(1)〜(8)のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板、
である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、導電性を有する粒子を含有する被覆層を金属板上の少なくとも片面に形成することが必須であり、その導電性粒子の粒径について、粒径毎の個数分布の最頻値が0.05〜1.0μmであることが必要である。粒径には分布があるが、従来技術においては、単純に「平均粒径」という概念が用いられていた。これは、各粒子の粒径を単純に算術計算して求められたものである。しかし、発明者らは、粒径の単純な平均ではなく、粒径分布が重要であり、特にどの粒径の粒子が多いかが、被覆金属板全体の導電性(溶接性やアース性)、耐食性、成形性に多大な影響を及ぼしていることを知見した。粒子の粒径を測定し、その粒径を持つ粒子の数を数え、粒径毎の個数の分布を調べ、その個数が最も多くなる粒径(最頻値)を求める。その最頻値が0.05〜1.0μmであるときに、各性能が高く、かつバランスが取れる。個数分布を調べる際には、粒径の個数測定範囲を0.05μm(粒径表示値の前後に0.025μm)としてデータを採取することが望ましい。粒径分布の最頻値となる粒径が1μmを越える場合には、粒径範囲を0.1μmとしてデータを採取しても良い。粒径分布は、塗料(液体)の状態であれば、粒度分布計で容易に調べることができる。塗膜の状態の場合には、塗膜の断面の二次電子像を撮影し、粒子の粒径を実測する。球状でない場合には、長径をもってその粒子の粒径とする。粒径分布が正規分布であれば、平均粒径と、本発明で言う最頻値は一致するが、実際には粉砕したままの場合、あるいは塗料の状態にしてから分散した場合には、粒径の大きい方の粒子がより多く残り、大粒径側にテールができ、両値は一致しない。
【0014】
最頻値が0.05μmより小さいと、粒子を細かくする工程が長くなり、また、粒子の2次凝集が多くなり、実用的でなくなる。また、導電性も低下する。一方、最頻値が1.0μmよりも大きくなると、大きな粒子の割合が増え、耐食性と成形性が低下する。特に好ましくは0.05〜0.5μmであり、導電性、耐食性、成形性が、特に良好となる。
【0015】
粒径の最頻値である粒子の数が、粒子全体の数の5%以上である場合に、特に性能が良好となる。望ましくは、7%以上である。
【0016】
導電性粒子の粒径が従来の発明に比べて小さくなっていることも、本発明の特徴の一つである。従来は、塗膜厚みに対して粒径をある程度以上大きくすることで、塗膜を粒子が貫通していることによって、あるいは、溶接時に電極の圧力によって塗膜が一部破れ、導電性粒子が電極に接触することによって、導電性を確保する、という考え方が一般的であった。この場合には、膜厚が厚くなると導電性を確保するための粒子の粒径も大きくする必要があり、実質的に薄い被覆厚みでのみ有効な技術となっていた。本発明は、粒径の小さい粒子を比較的多量に被覆層中に含有させることによって、通電パスを確保するという考え方に立っており、そのために粒子全体を小さくするとともに、小さい粒径の粒子の量を確保するために最頻値という尺度を使う。これによって、膜厚が厚くなる場合にも、粒径が小さくても導電性が確保可能となる。粒径と膜厚との関係を必ずしも規定しなくても良いことも特徴となっている。
【0017】
発明者らは、さらに、導電性粒子の粒径毎の体積分布における最頻値も重要であることを知見した。粒径の個数分布の最頻値が上述の範囲であれば、導電性、耐食性、成形性が良好となるが、さらに、体積分布における最頻値が2〜20μmの範囲にあるときに、特に性能が向上する。この値は、各粒径の粒子毎の体積を求め、その粒径の粒子の体積の合計が、粒子全体の体積に対してどの程度の割合となっているかを求めたものである。この値が最も大きくなる粒径を、ここでは粒径毎の体積分布における最頻値とする。粒径が大きい粒子の影響がより強く出る指標であり、大きい粒子の数が多いと、より顕著にこの値が大きくなる。個数分布の最頻値が同じでも、粒径の大きい側の分布が多いと、この値は大きくなる。体積分布における最頻値が高いと、溶接性が特に低下しやすい。ここで、溶接性とは、連続打点性の低下と、溶接部の金属板に割れが発生しやすいことを指している。この最頻値が20μm超の場合には、溶接性、特に連続打点性が低下し、また、成形性や耐食性も低下する。2μm未満にするためには、かなりの労力をかけて粒子を小さくする必要があり、経済性に劣ると共に、導電性粒子の含有量が少ない場合に導電性が低下する。体積分布の最頻値が高いと、連続溶接性が特に低下しやすいことを述べたが、それは以下のような理由によると推定される。体積分布における最頻値が大きくなると、被覆層の凹凸がより多くなり、被覆層の凸部のみが溶接用の電極に接触しやすく、通電が不安定になるため、チリ発生が多くなり、電極が汚れやすい。また、局部的な発熱によりナゲットの形状が悪くなり、溶接強度が不安定となる。凸部には硬質な導電性粒子が存在するため、電極間の圧力で被覆層が圧縮されることはなく、通電はその導電性粒子一個のみで確保されることになる。このような通電形態の場合には、電流が一点に集中しやすく、従って発熱もその部分に集中しやすくなる。この熱の影響で、溶接部及びその近傍で金属板自身の割れが発生しやすくなる。一方、体積分布における最頻値を20μm以下にすることで、大きな粒径の粒子の数が減り、被覆層面がより平滑になるため、電極がより広い面積の被覆層に接触可能となり、通電が安定し、ナゲットも正常に形成しやすい。また、大きな粒子がないことで、電極間の圧力によって被覆層が若干圧縮された状態となり、これによって導電性粒子間の通電がより確保されやすくなり、導電性が向上する。さらに、電流が一点に集中することもないため、溶接部や溶接部近傍の金属板が割れる現象も防止できる。
【0018】
また、成形性も本発明の範囲では従来よりも向上する。この理由は、過剰に大きな粒子がないことにより、成形時の粒子の脱落が少なくなること、また、成形時の塗膜割れは粒子とバインダー成分の界面付近で起こることが多いが、過剰に大きな粒子がないことによって、この割れが軽減されることによるものである。また、塗膜表面の凹凸が過剰にならないことで、塗膜表面の摺動性もよくなり、ドロービード試験等を行った後の外観、耐食性も良好となる。絞り成形についても同様である。
【0019】
耐食性についても、成形性が良好になって、被膜の一部の脱落や損傷がなくなることによって向上する。特に、フェロシリコンのように防錆効果のある粒子を使用する場合には、粒子の表面積が大きくなることで耐食性が向上する効果もある。
【0020】
なお、本発明において、導電性粒子の粒径分布は、機械的な粉砕、分級による方法等の公知の方法で変化させることができる。導電性粒子を、被覆層を形成するためのバインダー中に粒度分布を特定の範囲にしてから混入して、粒度分布が変わらないような方法、例えば、シェアがほとんどかからない攪拌等でバインダー層中に分散してもよいし、バインダー中に混合してから粒子が粉砕されるような条件で分散してもよい。特に順序は特定されない。
【0021】
体積分布の最頻値は、市販の粒度分布計で測定してもよいし、前述の粒径分布を被覆層の断面の観察から求める方法において、粒子を球と仮定してその粒径から求めてもよい。
【0022】
本発明においては、被覆層中の導電性粒子の含有量は15〜60容量%であることが必須である。含有量が15容量%より小さい場合には、導電性が不十分となる。一方、60容量%より大きい場合には、成形性が低下する。より望ましくは、20〜35容量%である。
【0023】
本発明において、膜厚は、本質的には限定されないが、膜厚が2〜20μmの範囲にある場合に、特に導電性、耐食性、成形性が良好となり、望ましい。2μm未満では、耐食性が低下し、20μmを越えると経済性に劣るようになり、また成形性やアース性が低下することがある。被覆層は1層によってではなく、複数層によって形成しても良い。本発明による被覆層の上下に、必要であれば他の層が形成されていても良い。例えば、下層に下地処理層を形成することが考えられ、また、上層に耐傷つき防止用の層や他の機能を付与するための層を形成しても良い。
【0024】
導電性粒子の最大粒径が25μm以下のときに、特に成形性が向上し、望ましい。膜厚によらず、最大粒径がこれより大きい場合には、成形加工を受けた場合に、被覆層に亀裂を生じやすくなる。特に、膜厚が2〜20μmの範囲にある場合に、導電性粒子の最大粒径が25μm以下であると、導電性、耐食性、成形性が最もよくなる。
【0025】
本発明において、導電性粒子としては、公知の物質を用いることができる。例えば、Zn、Ni、Fe、Al、Ag、Au、Cu、Mg、Cr、Sn、ステンレス鋼、Si等の金属、合金や半導体の粒子、リン化鉄、フェロシリコン、フェロマンガン等の鉄系化合物、NiO、ZnO等の酸化物系の粒子、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、カーボンナノチューブ等のカーボン系粒子、等を例示することができる。粒子の形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、塊状、フレーク状、球状、不定形、繊維状、ウィスカー状、鎖状、等である。
【0026】
これらの導電性粒子の中でも、特にフェロシリコンが好ましい。フェロシリコンは導電性を持ち、また、それ自体に耐食性向上効果がある。耐食性を向上する機構は十分に解明されていないが、塗膜下が腐食によってアルカリ環境となったときに溶解し、強固なシリカ被膜を形成して腐食を抑制するためと推定される。そのため、耐食性を向上するための別の防錆顔料を入れなくても十分な耐食性を示し、導電性を阻害する要因を減らせる。粒径分布と含有量とが本発明の範囲にある場合、また、粒径分布が本発明の範囲にあり、膜厚範囲が本発明の範囲にある場合には、成形性も非常に良好である。フェロシリコンにも、Siの含有量の異なる種類があるが、特に、Si含有量が70質量%以上のフェロシリコンが耐食性と成形性とに優れ、好ましい。
【0027】
もちろん、溶接性や導電性を向上するために、複数の導電性粒子を使用してよい。全ての導電性粒子が、上述した本発明の粒径分布の範囲内(個数分布最頻値で0.05〜1.0μm、体積分布最頻値で2〜20μm)にある場合には特に問題はなく、導電性粒子全体の被覆層中における含有量が15〜60容量%の範囲内で適宜混合して使用することができる。ただし、新たに添加する導電性粒子が大粒径の粒子である場合には、それらの含有量は被覆層中に5容量%以下であることが望ましい。5容量%を超えると粒径分布の不均一性が大きくなり、成形性の低下を招きやすくなる。
【0028】
また、耐食性を向上するために、1種以上の防錆顔料及び/又はシリカを加えることも差し支えない。それらの含有量は、被覆層中に20容量%以下であることが望ましい。好ましくは15容量%以下である。20容量%を超えると、特に導電性と成形性が低下しやすくなる。
【0029】
防錆顔料としては、例えば、ストロンチウムクロメート、カルシウムクロメートのような6価Cr酸塩等、防錆顔料として6価Cr化合物の使用を回避したい場合は、例えば、ケイ酸カルシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、リン酸マグネシウム、リン酸アルミニウム、バナジン酸リン、バナジン酸アルミニウム等の、ケイ酸イオン、リン酸イオン、バナジン酸イオンの内の一種類以上を放出する化合物等を用いることができる。これに、さらに微粒シリカを添加すると、耐擦り傷性、皮膜密着性、耐食性が向上する。微粒シリカとしては、例えば、ヒュームドシリカ、コロイダルシリカ、凝集シリカ等が挙げられる。また、カルシウム沈着シリカを用いることもできる。
【0030】
本発明においては、導電性粒子は、被覆層中にあるいは被覆層表面にその一部を埋没させる形で含有される。被覆層中には導電性粒子の他に被覆層を保持するためのバインダー成分が含まれ、そのバインダー成分は公知の技術を使用することができる。例えば、バインダー成分が有機樹脂の場合、その樹脂の種類としては、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、フッ素樹脂、シリコン樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ブチラール樹脂、エーテル樹脂、スルフォン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、アミノ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、イソシアネート樹脂等の樹脂、これらの共重合樹脂、これらの混合物、複合物等が例示できる。また、ゾル−ゲル法等によって形成される無機あるいは有機無機複合被膜であってもよい。常温で硬化乾燥するもの、熱で硬化乾燥するもの、紫外線や電子線等のエネルギー線で硬化乾燥するもの、等の公知の技術から選択すれば良い。また、これらの樹脂を主成分とするフィルムをラミネートして被覆金属板を製造することもできる。
【0031】
これらの樹脂の他に、潤滑性を付与するためのワックス、消泡剤やレベリング剤、分散剤等の各種添加剤を被覆層中に含むことができる。
【0032】
これらの中でも、特に、被覆層中にウレタン結合を含む樹脂が使用される場合に、耐食性、成形性、導電性が高いレベルで並立できる。これは、ウレタン結合を持つ樹脂が柔軟性に優れ、溶接用の電極によって圧力をかけられた場合に、容易に変形して、導電性粒子同士の接触を特に確実にすること、柔軟性によって成形加工時の塗膜の割れや亀裂を防止しやすいこと、化学的に強固な結合であるため劣化に強いこと等の理由によると考えられる。
【0033】
また、被覆層が熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とする場合には、特に溶接性に優れた被覆金属板が得られる。これは、溶接用の電極によって圧力がかかった時に、可塑性が発揮されて被覆層が圧縮され、これによって導電性粒子間の接触がより強固で確実なものとなり、溶接電流が安定して流れるためと推定される。
【0034】
金属板としては、公知のものを使用することができ、例えば、鋼板、銅板、チタン板、アルミ板等が例示できる。さらに、鋼板としては、各種めっき鋼板、ステンレス鋼板、冷延鋼板、熱延鋼板等が例示できる。さらに、めっき鋼板としては、亜鉛めっき鋼板、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板、合金化亜鉛めっき鋼板、錫めっき鋼板、錫合金めっき鋼板、クロムめっき鋼板、クロム合金めっき鋼板、アルミめっき鋼板、アルミ合金めっき鋼板、ニッケルめっき鋼板、ニッケル合金めっき鋼板、銅めっき鋼板、銅合金めっき鋼板、鉄めっき鋼板、鉄合金めっき鋼板、鉄リン複合めっき鋼板、マンガン系めっき鋼板、鉛系めっき鋼板、また、めっきを構成する金属あるいは合金中にシリカ等の微粒子を含有させた複合めっき鋼板、等が例示できる。
【0035】
特に、亜鉛系めっき鋼板、亜鉛系合金めっき鋼板(例えば、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、亜鉛−ニッケル合金めっき鋼板、亜鉛−アルミ合金めっき鋼板、亜鉛−アルミ−マグネシウム合金めっき鋼板等)を使用すると、経済性と耐食性に優れた自動車用プライマー鋼板や、家電やOA機器用のアース性が必要な塗装鋼板用に、アルミ系めっき鋼板、アルミ系合金メッキ鋼板(例えば、アルミ−シリコンめっき鋼板、アルミ−亜鉛−シリコン合金めっき鋼板)、等を使用すると建材用の高耐食性塗装鋼板に、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(例えば、亜鉛−ニッケル合金めっき鋼板)や錫系合金めっき鋼板(例えば、錫−亜鉛合金めっき鋼板)を使用すると燃料タンク用の塗装鋼板として、好適に使用できる。また、溶接性の悪いアルミ板を原板として使用することで、溶接性に優れた自動車用プライマー鋼板として好適に使用することもできる。
【0036】
これらの金属板表面には、被覆層と金属板との密着性を向上したり、耐食性を向上する目的で、あるいは導電性を向上する目的で、下地処理層を形成しても良い。下地処理層としては、公知の技術を使用することができ、例えば、リン酸塩系処理、3価クロム酸処理、クロメート処理、Zr系処理、Ti系処理、Mn系処理、Ni系処理、Co系処理、V系処理、カップリング剤(Si系、Ti系等)処理、有機物による処理、等が例示できる。下地処理層は、1層である必要はなく、例えば、燐酸亜鉛処理層を形成して、その上にシーリング処理をする、酸性Ni含有液による前調整後にクロメート処理を施す、等の複数の処理を組みあわせても良い。
【0037】
下地処理層を形成する前に、あるいは下地処理層を形成しない場合には被覆層を形成する前に、金属板表面を公知の方法で処理することができる。例えば、水や湯、脱脂液による脱脂、酸やアルカリによるエッチング、ブラシ等による機械的な研削、等の処理をすることができる。
【0038】
本発明の被覆金属板を製造する方法は、公知の方法によることができる。導電性粒子を含有する被覆鋼板は、例えば、バインダー成分に導電性粒子を混合した塗料を製造し、この塗料を塗布することによって製造できる。バインダー成分や含有成分によって、必要に応じて熱で溶剤等を揮発させたり、硬化させたり、あるいはエネルギー線で硬化する、等の公知の方法で成膜することができる。塗布の方法は、公知の方法によることができ、例えば、ロールコーター、ローラー塗装、はけ塗り、カーテンコーター、ダイコーター、スライドコーター、静電塗布、スプレー塗布、浸漬塗布、エアナイフ塗布等が例示できる。塗料の形態も、粉体、固体、溶剤系、水系等、特に限定されるものではない。固体塗料に熱をかけて溶融して、ダイで押し出しながら被覆することも可能である。
【0039】
あるいは、導電性粒子を予めフィルム層中に練り混み、このフィルムをラミネートすることによっても、被覆金属板を製造することができる。ラミネートには、接着剤を使用してもよいし、フィルムを熱溶融して直接金属板にラミネートしても良い。
【0040】
本発明における被覆層は、金属の少なくとも片面に形成されればよいが、両面に形成してもよい。片面に形成した場合、もう片面には、何らかの処理層や被覆層を形成してもよいし、金属面のままでも良い。
【0041】
【実施例】
本発明について実施例で説明する。
【0042】
まず、各種評価試験について述べる。
【0043】
(1) スポット溶接性評価
先端径5mm−R40のCr−Cu電極を用い、溶接電流8kA、加圧力1.96kN、溶接時間12サイクルでスポット溶接を行い、ナゲット径が3√tを切る直前の打点数で連続打点数を評価した。
【0044】
(2) アース性
ロレスター4探針法により、被覆層の層間抵抗値を測定した。
【0045】
(3) 成形性
(a) 円筒深絞り成形試験
油圧成型試験機により、直径50mmの円筒ポンチを用いて、絞り比2.0で成形試験を行った。防錆油を塗布後に1時間〜1時間30分静置してから、試験を行った。このときのしわ抑え圧は9.8kNで行った。成形性の評価は、次の指標によった。
【0046】
◎:成形可能で塗膜の欠陥なし。加工部にツヤひけ等見られず全く正常。
【0047】
○:成形可能で塗膜にわずかに疵発生。皮膜加工部に色調変化見られるものの亀裂や剥離は見られない。
【0048】
△:成形可能であるが、塗膜に大きな疵の発生や皮膜に割れが認められるもの。
【0049】
×:成形不可。
【0050】
(b) ビード引き抜き試験
凸R4mm−肩R2mmの丸型ビード金型を使用し、防錆油を塗布後に1時間〜1時間30分立てかけて静置した後、抑え荷重9.8kNにてビード引き抜き試験を行い、耐傷つき性を評価した。耐傷つき性の評価は、次の指標によった。
【0051】
◎:塗膜の欠陥なし。皮膜状態は加工部にツヤひけ等見られず全く正常。
【0052】
○:塗膜にわずかに疵発生。皮膜加工部に色調変化見られるものの亀裂や剥離は見られない。
【0053】
△:塗膜に大きな疵の発生や割れが認められるもの。
【0054】
×:成形不可。
(4) 耐食性評価
塗装後の鋼板を、塗装面が外側になるように、円筒深絞り成形した後に、サイクル腐食試験を行った。円筒深絞り成形条件は、(3)と同様である。
【0055】
また、塗膜面が凸部張り出し側になるように、ビード引き抜き後にサイクル腐食試験を行った。ビード引き抜き条件は、(3)と同様である。
【0056】
また、平板の切断端面を露出したまま、サイクル腐食試験を行った。
【0057】
サイクル腐食試験は、塩水噴霧2時間、乾燥4時間、湿潤2時間の合計8時間を1サイクルとして、実施した。塩水噴霧の条件は、JIS−K5400にしたがった。乾燥条件は、温度50℃、湿度30%RH以下、湿潤条件は、温度35℃、湿度95%RH以上である。
【0058】
耐食性の評価は、以下の指標によった。
【0059】
(a) 円筒深絞り材:赤錆発生が生じるまでのサイクル数
(b) ビード引き抜き材:赤錆発生が生じるまでのサイクル数。
【0060】
(c) 平板端面:CCT100サイクル後の端面の状態
◎:赤錆が発生せず、めっき層の腐食を示す白錆がサンプルを覆う面積率が全体の5%未満の場合
○:赤錆が発生せず、めっき層の腐食を示す白錆がサンプルを覆う面積率が全体の5%以上50%未満の場合
△:わずかに赤錆発生が見られる、白錆発生が50%以上の場合
×:赤錆発生が20%以上見られる場合
(実施例1)
各種導電性粒子を準備し、条件に応じて粉砕機で粉砕し、さまざまな粒度分布の粒子を作製した。この導電性粒子をウレタン−エポキシ系樹脂に所定量混合し、金属板上に塗布後焼付け乾燥した。一部は、金属板上に下地処理皮膜を施した後、有機皮膜を塗装した。その条件を表1に示す。このときの乾燥条件は到達板温度で210℃である。このようにして得られた塗装金属板について、上述の条件で、溶接性、成形性、耐食性の評価を実施した。
【0061】
【表1】

Figure 2004183080
【0062】
結果を表2に示す。本発明の実施例に示される如く、導電性粒子の粒度分布を、粒径分布最頻値で0.05〜1.0μmの範囲内、及び添加量を15〜60容量%に制御することで、良好な溶接性と成形性、耐食性が確保できる。また、個数分布最頻値の含有量を5容量%以上にすること、体積分布最頻値で2〜20μmの範囲内に制御すること、もしくは導電性粒子の最大粒径、膜厚を適正な値に制御することで、さらに良好な溶接性と成形性、耐食性が確保できる。
【0063】
No.1、10、11、14、27、29の比較例は、本発明例から外れた被覆金属板の例を示した。No.1は導電性粒子量が少なく、導電性が得られない。No.10は導電性粒子量が多すぎ、成形性が低下する。No.11は個数分布最頻値が低く、導電性が低下する。No.14、27、29は個数分布最頻値が大きいため、成形性、耐食性が低下する。
【0064】
【表2】
Figure 2004183080
【0065】
(実施例2)
各種の導電性粒子あるいは防錆顔料が混合されている場合、及び樹脂系を変えた場合の条件を表3に示す。導電性粒子、防錆顔料を、ウレタン−エポキシ系樹脂、ポリエステル−メラミン系樹脂、ポリエステル−ウレタン系樹脂、アクリル−ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、高分子ポリエステル樹脂に所定量混合し、金属板上に塗布後、焼付・乾燥した。その他の被覆金属板製造方法は、実施例1と同様である。得られた被覆金属板について、実施例1と同様の条件で、溶接性、成形性、耐食性の評価を実施した。
【0066】
【表3】
Figure 2004183080
【0067】
その結果を表4に示す。大きな粒径のステンレス鋼粒子を添加した場合、そのステンレス鋼粒子の含有量が5容量%以下であると、成形性を低下させず、バランスの良い溶接性、成形性、耐食性が得られる。10容量%以上の添加では、加工性がやや低下するようになる。また、防錆顔料が20容量%以下であると、溶接性、成形性を低下させずに、良好な耐食性を得ることができる。また、熱可塑性樹脂を用いることで、良好な溶接性を得ることができる。
【0068】
No.38〜40、48の比較例は、本発明の範囲を外れた被覆金属板の例を示した。No.39は導電性粒子量が少なすぎ、導電性が得られない。No.38、40は個数分布最頻値が大きすぎ、成形性、耐食性が大きく低下する。No.48は導電性粒子量が多すぎ、成形性が大きく低下する。
【0069】
【表4】
Figure 2004183080
【0070】
(実施例3)
粒径分布を制御した導電性粒子あるいはその他の粒子を含有するウレタン−エポキシ系樹脂皮膜を塗布した金属板について、燃料タンク材料としての適性評価を実施した例を表5に示す。端面耐食性を除く実施例1の性能評価項目に加え、下記に示すシーム溶接性、及びタンク内面側を模擬した耐食性試験を実施した。
【0071】
(5) シーム溶接性
先端R6mm−φ250mmの電極輪を用い、溶接電流11kA、加圧力4.9kN、通電2on−1offで10mのシーム溶接を行った後、JIS−Z−3141に示す試験片を作製し、漏れ試験を実施した。
【0072】
◎:漏れ無し
○:漏れ無いが、溶接部表面がやや荒れているもの
△:漏れ無いが、溶接部表面に割れ等の欠陥が発生しているもの
×:漏れ発生
(6) 内面耐食性
ガソリンに対する耐食性を評価した。方法は、油圧成型試験機によりフランジ幅20mm、直径50mm、深さ25mmの平底円筒深絞りした試料に、試験液を入れて、シリコンゴム製リングを介してガラスで蓋をした。この試験後の腐食状況を目視観察した。
【0073】
(試験条件)
試験液:ガソリン+蒸留水10%+ギ酸200ppm
試験期間:40℃で3ヶ月放置
(評価基準)
◎:変化無し
○:白錆発生1%以下
△:赤錆発生5%以下,または白錆発生1〜50%
×:赤錆発生5%超又は白錆顕著
【0074】
【表5】
Figure 2004183080
【0075】
その結果を表6に示す。導電性粒子あるいはその他の粒子を適正な粒度分布、含有量に制御した被覆金属板は、良好な溶接性と成形性、耐食性が得られ、燃料タンク素材としても適することが分かった。
【0076】
N0.54、59、62、67の比較例は、本発明を外れる被覆金属板を示した。No.54、62は、導電性粒子量が少なく溶接性が不良である。No.59、67は、導電性粒子の個数分布最頻値が大きく、成形性、耐食性が悪い。
【0077】
【表6】
Figure 2004183080
【0078】
【発明の効果】
以上の結果から、本発明の粒度分布を制御した導電性粒子を含有する被覆金属板は、家電、OA機器、土木・建材、自動車用等の溶接を行う部品、アース性を必要とする部品に幅広くかつ容易に用いることができ、さらに、良好な成形性、耐食性をも確保できるため、さまざまな用途での適用が期待され各種産業分野への寄与が大きい。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a metal plate on which a coating layer containing conductive particles used for home appliances, OA equipment, civil engineering / building materials, automobiles and the like is formed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since the coating layer formed on the metal plate uses a non-conductive resin or the like as a binder, the coating layer has no conductivity, cannot be welded, and is difficult to be grounded. Thus, a technique has been proposed in which a coating layer containing conductive particles is formed on a metal plate to provide conductivity, thereby enabling welding and a technique for providing conductivity for grounding. .
[0003]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-234820 discloses a technique for imparting weldability by applying a resin coating using iron phosphide as conductive particles to a metal plate. Here, the amount of the conductive particles is specified to be 20 to 45% by mass, and control of this amount ensures the weldability. It is stated that the average particle diameter of the particles is preferably 20 μm or less.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-314601 exemplifies a technique for imparting a grounding property by using Ni-based particles as conductive particles. Here, the average value and the maximum value are defined for the particle size of the conductive particles. In the case of a flaky shape, the longest diameter is 100 μm, the average size of 15 μm is 11 to 200 parts, and when the chain shape is added, It is described that adding 10 parts or less having a maximum of 44 μm and an average of 2.5 μm is important for securing conductivity.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-60668 discloses that the ratio between the average particle size of metal-based particles for imparting conductivity and the thickness of a coating film is defined, and the average particle size is 0.5 to 3 times the film thickness. Describes that conductivity can be ensured in the case of. Although there is no detailed description of the particle size, the examples describe an example in which the average particle size is 7.5 to 25 μm.
[0006]
Even recently, JP-A-2002-172363 discloses that a zinc-based plated steel sheet is coated with an organic resin film containing 10 to 70% by mass of ferrosilicon having a particle size of 0.5 to 10 μm to a thickness of 2.5 to 8 μm. Thus, a technique for obtaining a surface-treated steel sheet having excellent weldability has been proposed.
[0007]
Each of the above-mentioned inventions presents a sufficient technique in terms of imparting conductivity to the coating layer, thereby securing the weldability and the grounding property of the coated metal plate. However, it is not sufficient in that stable weldability and grounding property are obtained, and at the same time, formability and corrosion resistance are compatible. This is partly due to the fact that only the concept of the average particle size or the maximum particle size is used for the particle size, and the particle size distribution is not considered.
[0008]
From the viewpoint of improving corrosion resistance, it is described in JP-A-9-234820 and JP-A-2002-172363 that the addition of a rust preventive pigment is described. As a result, the conductivity and the moldability are reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the addition of a rust preventive pigment if possible. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-172363 describes that a coated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance can be obtained by using a zinc alloy-plated steel sheet as a base steel sheet. Therefore, it is desired that high corrosion resistance and formability can be obtained irrespective of the type of the steel sheet used as the base.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-234820
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-7-314601
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-1-60668
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-2002-172363
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a coated metal sheet having excellent conductivity (for example, weldability and grounding property), corrosion resistance, and moldability in order to solve the above-described problems.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
One of the technical points of the present invention is that the average particle size of conductive particles formed on a metal plate is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 7-314601 and 2000-319790. It has been found that conductivity, corrosion resistance, and moldability can be achieved by taking into account not only the “diameter” but also the particle size distribution. Another point is that conventionally, by adding conductive particles having a relatively large average particle size, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. It has been found that the use of conductive particles having a small particle size, while ensuring conductivity, has a more stable conductivity, and has a better effect on corrosion resistance and moldability. That is.
[0012]
In particular,
(1) In a metal plate on which a coating layer containing conductive particles is formed on at least one surface, the mode of the number distribution of the conductive particles is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm in particle size, and A coated metal sheet having excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and moldability, wherein the total content of the particles in the coating layer is 15 to 60% by volume;
(2) The coated metal plate according to (1), wherein the mode in the mode of the number distribution of the conductive particles accounts for 5% or more of the total number of conductive particles.
(3) The coated metal plate according to (1) or (2), wherein a mode value in a volume distribution for each particle size of the conductive particles is 2 to 20 μm.
(4) The coated metal sheet according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the average thickness of the coating layer is 2 to 20 μm.
(5) The coated metal plate according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the maximum particle size of the conductive particles is 25 μm or less.
(6) The coated metal plate according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the conductive particles are ferrosilicon.
(7) The coated metal plate according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the binder component in the coating layer is mainly composed of a resin containing a urethane bond.
(8) The coated metal plate according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the binder component in the coating layer is mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin.
(9) The coated metal plate according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the coating layer further contains 20% by volume or less of a rust preventive pigment and / or silica.
It is.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, it is essential to form a coating layer containing particles having conductivity on at least one surface of a metal plate, and for the particle size of the conductive particles, the mode of the number distribution for each particle size is It is necessary that the thickness be 0.05 to 1.0 μm. Although the particle size has a distribution, the concept of “average particle size” has been simply used in the prior art. This is obtained by simply arithmetically calculating the particle size of each particle. However, the present inventors have found that the particle size distribution is important, not the simple average of the particle size. In particular, which particle size is large depends on the conductivity (weldability and grounding property) of the entire coated metal plate, corrosion resistance It has been found that this has a great effect on moldability. The particle size of the particles is measured, the number of particles having the particle size is counted, the distribution of the number of each particle size is examined, and the particle size (mode) at which the number is the largest is determined. When the mode value is 0.05 to 1.0 μm, each performance is high and the balance is maintained. When examining the number distribution, it is desirable to collect data with the number measurement range of the particle size being 0.05 μm (0.025 μm before and after the indicated particle size). When the particle size that is the mode of the particle size distribution exceeds 1 μm, the data may be collected with the particle size range of 0.1 μm. The particle size distribution can be easily checked with a particle size distribution meter if it is in the state of a paint (liquid). In the case of the coating film, a secondary electron image of the cross section of the coating film is taken, and the particle diameter of the particles is measured. If the particles are not spherical, the longer diameter is used as the particle diameter. If the particle size distribution is a normal distribution, the average particle size and the mode value according to the present invention match, but in actuality, when the powder is kept ground or when dispersed after being in a paint state, the particle size is reduced. The particles having the larger diameter remain more and a tail is formed on the larger particle side, and the values do not coincide.
[0014]
When the mode value is smaller than 0.05 μm, the step of making the particles finer becomes longer, and the secondary aggregation of the particles increases, which is not practical. In addition, the conductivity also decreases. On the other hand, when the mode is larger than 1.0 μm, the ratio of large particles increases, and the corrosion resistance and the moldability decrease. It is particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5 μm, and the conductivity, corrosion resistance, and moldability are particularly good.
[0015]
Particularly when the number of particles, which is the mode of the particle size, is 5% or more of the total number of particles, the performance is particularly good. Desirably, it is 7% or more.
[0016]
One of the features of the present invention is that the particle size of the conductive particles is smaller than that of the conventional invention. Conventionally, by increasing the particle size to a certain degree or more with respect to the coating film thickness, the coating film is partially broken by the penetration of the particles in the coating film or by the pressure of the electrode during welding, and the conductive particles are broken. The general idea was to ensure conductivity by contacting the electrodes. In this case, as the film thickness increases, it is necessary to increase the particle size of the particles for securing conductivity, and this has been an effective technique only with a substantially thin coating thickness. The present invention is based on the idea that a relatively large amount of particles having a small particle diameter is contained in a coating layer to secure a current-carrying path. We use the mode measure to ensure the quantity. This makes it possible to ensure conductivity even when the film thickness is large and the particle size is small. The feature is that the relationship between the particle size and the film thickness does not necessarily have to be defined.
[0017]
The inventors have further found that the mode in the volume distribution of each particle size of the conductive particles is also important. If the mode of the number distribution of the particle size is in the above range, conductivity, corrosion resistance, and moldability will be good, but further, when the mode in the volume distribution is in the range of 2 to 20 μm, Performance is improved. This value is obtained by calculating the volume of each particle of each particle size and determining the ratio of the total volume of the particles of the particle size to the volume of the entire particle. Here, the particle size at which this value is the largest is set as the mode value in the volume distribution for each particle size. This is an index in which the influence of particles having a large particle diameter is stronger, and this value is more remarkably increased when the number of large particles is large. Even if the mode value of the number distribution is the same, this value increases when there are many distributions on the larger particle size side. If the mode in the volume distribution is high, the weldability is particularly likely to decrease. Here, the weldability indicates that the continuous hitting property is reduced and that the metal plate at the welded portion is easily cracked. When the mode value is more than 20 μm, the weldability, particularly the continuous hitting property, decreases, and the formability and corrosion resistance also decrease. In order to reduce the particle size to less than 2 μm, it is necessary to reduce the size of the particles by a considerable amount of effort, which is inferior in economical efficiency and reduces the conductivity when the content of the conductive particles is small. It has been described that when the mode of the volume distribution is high, the continuous weldability is particularly likely to decrease, but this is presumed to be due to the following reasons. When the mode value in the volume distribution increases, the unevenness of the coating layer increases, and only the protrusions of the coating layer easily come into contact with the welding electrode. But easy to get dirty. In addition, the shape of the nugget deteriorates due to local heat generation, and the welding strength becomes unstable. Since the hard conductive particles are present in the projections, the coating layer is not compressed by the pressure between the electrodes, and the current is secured by only one of the conductive particles. In the case of such an energization mode, the current tends to concentrate at one point, and thus the heat tends to concentrate at that point. Under the influence of this heat, cracks in the metal plate itself are likely to occur in the welded portion and in the vicinity thereof. On the other hand, by setting the mode value in the volume distribution to 20 μm or less, the number of particles having a large particle diameter is reduced, and the surface of the coating layer becomes smoother, so that the electrode can come into contact with the coating layer having a larger area. It is stable and easily forms nuggets. In addition, since there are no large particles, the coating layer is slightly compressed by the pressure between the electrodes, which makes it easier to secure conduction between the conductive particles and improves the conductivity. Further, since the current does not concentrate on one point, the phenomenon that the welded portion or the metal plate near the welded portion is broken can be prevented.
[0018]
Also, the moldability is improved within the scope of the present invention as compared with the related art. The reason for this is that the absence of excessively large particles reduces the dropout of particles during molding.Also, cracks in the coating film during molding often occur near the interface between the particles and the binder component. This is because the cracks are reduced by the absence of particles. In addition, since the unevenness of the coating film surface is not excessive, the slidability of the coating film surface is improved, and the appearance and corrosion resistance after performing a draw bead test or the like are also improved. The same applies to drawing.
[0019]
The corrosion resistance is also improved by improving the moldability and eliminating the part of the coating film from being dropped or damaged. In particular, when particles having a rust-preventing effect such as ferrosilicon are used, there is also an effect that the corrosion resistance is improved by increasing the surface area of the particles.
[0020]
In the present invention, the particle size distribution of the conductive particles can be changed by a known method such as mechanical pulverization and classification. The conductive particles are mixed into the binder for forming the coating layer after the particle size distribution is mixed in a specific range, and a method such that the particle size distribution does not change, for example, in the binder layer by stirring or the like that hardly takes shear. The particles may be dispersed or may be mixed under a condition that the particles are pulverized after being mixed in the binder. No particular order is specified.
[0021]
The mode value of the volume distribution may be measured with a commercially available particle size distribution meter, or in the above-described method of obtaining the particle size distribution by observing the cross section of the coating layer, assuming that the particles are spherical, and obtaining the mode from the particle size. You may.
[0022]
In the present invention, it is essential that the content of the conductive particles in the coating layer is 15 to 60% by volume. If the content is less than 15% by volume, the conductivity will be insufficient. On the other hand, when it is more than 60% by volume, the moldability is reduced. More preferably, it is 20 to 35% by volume.
[0023]
In the present invention, the film thickness is not essentially limited. However, when the film thickness is in the range of 2 to 20 μm, the conductivity, corrosion resistance, and moldability are particularly good, which is preferable. If it is less than 2 μm, the corrosion resistance is reduced, and if it is more than 20 μm, the economical efficiency is deteriorated, and the formability and the grounding property are sometimes reduced. The coating layer may be formed not by one layer but by a plurality of layers. If necessary, other layers may be formed above and below the coating layer according to the present invention. For example, a base treatment layer may be formed as a lower layer, and a layer for preventing scratch resistance or a layer for imparting another function may be formed as an upper layer.
[0024]
When the maximum particle size of the conductive particles is 25 μm or less, the moldability is particularly improved, which is desirable. Regardless of the film thickness, if the maximum particle size is larger than this, the coating layer is likely to crack when subjected to molding. In particular, when the film thickness is in the range of 2 to 20 μm, if the maximum particle size of the conductive particles is 25 μm or less, the conductivity, corrosion resistance, and moldability are best.
[0025]
In the present invention, a known substance can be used as the conductive particles. For example, particles such as metals such as Zn, Ni, Fe, Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Mg, Cr, Sn, stainless steel and Si, alloys and semiconductors, iron phosphide, ferrosilicon, and ferromanganese such as ferromanganese , NiO, ZnO and other oxide-based particles, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes and other carbon-based particles, and the like. The shape of the particles is not particularly limited, and may be a lump, a flake, a sphere, an irregular shape, a fiber, a whisker, a chain, or the like.
[0026]
Among these conductive particles, ferrosilicon is particularly preferred. Ferrosilicon has conductivity, and itself has an effect of improving corrosion resistance. Although the mechanism for improving the corrosion resistance has not been sufficiently elucidated, it is presumed that it dissolves when the undercoat film becomes an alkaline environment due to corrosion and forms a strong silica film to suppress the corrosion. Therefore, sufficient corrosion resistance can be exhibited without adding another rust-preventive pigment for improving corrosion resistance, and factors that impair conductivity can be reduced. When the particle size distribution and the content are within the range of the present invention, and when the particle size distribution is within the range of the present invention and the film thickness range is within the range of the present invention, the moldability is also very good. is there. There are also different types of ferrosilicon having different Si contents. In particular, ferrosilicon having a Si content of 70% by mass or more is preferable because of excellent corrosion resistance and moldability.
[0027]
Of course, a plurality of conductive particles may be used to improve weldability and conductivity. Particularly when all the conductive particles are within the above-mentioned range of the particle size distribution of the present invention (the mode of number distribution is 0.05 to 1.0 μm, the mode of volume distribution is 2 to 20 μm). However, the content of the entire conductive particles in the coating layer can be appropriately mixed and used within the range of 15 to 60% by volume. However, when the newly added conductive particles are particles having a large particle size, the content thereof is desirably 5% by volume or less in the coating layer. If the content exceeds 5% by volume, the non-uniformity of the particle size distribution increases, and the moldability tends to decrease.
[0028]
Further, in order to improve the corrosion resistance, one or more rust preventive pigments and / or silica may be added. Their content is desirably 20% by volume or less in the coating layer. Preferably it is 15% by volume or less. If the content exceeds 20% by volume, the conductivity and the moldability particularly tend to be reduced.
[0029]
As rust preventive pigments, for example, hexavalent Cr salts such as strontium chromate and calcium chromate. When it is desired to avoid using hexavalent Cr compounds as rust preventive pigments, for example, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, phosphorus Compounds that release one or more of silicate ions, phosphate ions, and vanadate ions, such as magnesium acid, aluminum phosphate, phosphorus vanadate, and aluminum vanadate, can be used. When fine silica is further added to this, scratch resistance, film adhesion, and corrosion resistance are improved. Examples of the fine silica include fumed silica, colloidal silica, and aggregated silica. Calcium-deposited silica can also be used.
[0030]
In the present invention, the conductive particles are contained in the coating layer or in a form in which a part thereof is buried in the surface of the coating layer. The coating layer contains a binder component for holding the coating layer in addition to the conductive particles, and the binder component can use a known technique. For example, when the binder component is an organic resin, the type of the resin includes a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a fluororesin, a silicone resin, a polyolefin resin, a butyral resin, an ether resin, a sulfone resin, and a polyamide resin. Examples thereof include resins such as polyimide resins, amino resins, phenol resins, vinyl chloride resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, and isocyanate resins, copolymer resins thereof, mixtures thereof, and composites. Further, an inorganic or organic-inorganic composite film formed by a sol-gel method or the like may be used. What is necessary is just to select from well-known techniques, such as what is hardened and dried at normal temperature, what is hardened and dried by heat, and what is hardened and dried by energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. Further, a coated metal plate can be manufactured by laminating a film containing these resins as main components.
[0031]
In addition to these resins, various additives such as wax for imparting lubricity, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, and a dispersant can be included in the coating layer.
[0032]
Among these, particularly when a resin containing a urethane bond is used in the coating layer, the corrosion resistance, the moldability, and the conductivity can be made high at the same time. This is because the resin with urethane bond has excellent flexibility and easily deforms when pressure is applied by the welding electrode, making the contact between the conductive particles particularly secure. This is considered to be due to the fact that it is easy to prevent cracks and cracks in the coating film at the time of processing, and that it is chemically strong and resistant to deterioration due to its bonding.
[0033]
When the coating layer contains a thermoplastic resin as a main component, a coated metal plate having particularly excellent weldability can be obtained. This is because, when pressure is applied by the welding electrode, plasticity is exerted and the coating layer is compressed, whereby the contact between the conductive particles becomes stronger and more reliable, and the welding current flows stably. It is estimated to be.
[0034]
Known metal plates can be used, and examples thereof include a steel plate, a copper plate, a titanium plate, and an aluminum plate. Furthermore, examples of the steel sheet include various plated steel sheets, stainless steel sheets, cold-rolled steel sheets, hot-rolled steel sheets, and the like. In addition, galvanized steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, alloyed galvanized steel sheets, tin-coated steel sheets, tin alloy-coated steel sheets, chromium-coated steel sheets, chrome alloy-coated steel sheets, aluminum-coated steel sheets, aluminum alloy-coated steel sheets, nickel Plated steel sheet, nickel alloy plated steel sheet, copper plated steel sheet, copper alloy plated steel sheet, iron plated steel sheet, iron alloy plated steel sheet, iron-phosphorus composite plated steel sheet, manganese-based plated steel sheet, lead-based plated steel sheet, Examples thereof include a composite plated steel sheet in which fine particles such as silica are contained in an alloy.
[0035]
In particular, galvanized steel sheets, zinc-based alloy coated steel sheets (for example, electro-galvanized steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, galvannealed steel sheets, zinc-nickel alloy-coated steel sheets, zinc-aluminum alloy-coated steel sheets, zinc-aluminum- The use of magnesium alloy-plated steel sheets) makes it possible to use aluminum-plated steel sheets, aluminum-alloy-plated steel sheets (e.g., for automotive primer steel sheets with excellent economy and corrosion resistance, and for painted steel sheets that require grounding for home appliances and OA equipment). For example, when aluminum-silicon plated steel sheet, aluminum-zinc-silicon alloy plated steel sheet), etc. are used, a zinc alloy plated steel sheet (for example, zinc-nickel alloy plated steel sheet) or tin-based alloy plating is applied to a high corrosion resistant painted steel sheet for building materials. When a steel sheet (for example, a tin-zinc alloy-plated steel sheet) is used, it can be suitably used as a coated steel sheet for a fuel tank. In addition, by using an aluminum plate having poor weldability as a base plate, it can be suitably used as an automotive primer steel plate having excellent weldability.
[0036]
A base treatment layer may be formed on the surface of the metal plate for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the coating layer and the metal plate, improving the corrosion resistance, or improving the conductivity. Known techniques can be used for the underlayer treatment layer. For example, phosphate-based treatment, trivalent chromic acid treatment, chromate treatment, Zr-based treatment, Ti-based treatment, Mn-based treatment, Ni-based treatment, Co-based treatment System treatment, V system treatment, coupling agent (Si-based, Ti-based, etc.) treatment, treatment with an organic substance, and the like. The underlayer treatment layer does not need to be a single layer. For example, a plurality of treatments such as forming a zinc phosphate treatment layer and performing a sealing treatment thereon, and performing a chromate treatment after pre-adjustment with an acidic Ni-containing liquid, and the like are performed. May be combined.
[0037]
The surface of the metal plate can be treated by a known method before forming the base treatment layer or before forming the coating layer when the base treatment layer is not formed. For example, processing such as degreasing with water, hot water, a degreasing solution, etching with an acid or alkali, mechanical grinding with a brush, or the like can be performed.
[0038]
The method for producing the coated metal sheet of the present invention can be based on a known method. The coated steel sheet containing the conductive particles can be manufactured, for example, by manufacturing a paint in which the conductive particles are mixed with a binder component, and applying the paint. Depending on the binder component and the contained components, the film can be formed by a known method such as volatilization of a solvent or the like by heat, curing, or curing with energy rays as needed. The application method can be a known method, and examples thereof include a roll coater, roller coating, brush coating, curtain coater, die coater, slide coater, electrostatic coating, spray coating, dip coating, air knife coating, and the like. . The form of the paint is not particularly limited, such as powder, solid, solvent-based, and water-based. It is also possible to apply heat to melt the solid paint and coat it while extruding it with a die.
[0039]
Alternatively, a coated metal plate can be produced by kneading conductive particles in a film layer in advance and laminating the film. For lamination, an adhesive may be used, or the film may be hot-melted and directly laminated to a metal plate.
[0040]
The coating layer in the present invention may be formed on at least one surface of the metal, but may be formed on both surfaces. When it is formed on one side, a treatment layer or coating layer may be formed on the other side, or it may be a metal surface.
[0041]
【Example】
The present invention will be described with reference to examples.
[0042]
First, various evaluation tests will be described.
[0043]
(1) Spot weldability evaluation
Using a Cr-Cu electrode with a tip diameter of 5 mm-R40, spot welding is performed with a welding current of 8 kA, a pressing force of 1.96 kN, and a welding time of 12 cycles, and the number of continuous dots is determined by the number of dots immediately before the nugget diameter falls below 3√t. evaluated.
[0044]
(2) Grounding
The interlayer resistance value of the coating layer was measured by the Loresta 4-probe method.
[0045]
(3) Formability
(A) Cylindrical deep drawing test
Using a hydraulic molding tester, a molding test was performed at a drawing ratio of 2.0 using a cylindrical punch having a diameter of 50 mm. After applying the rust-preventive oil, it was allowed to stand for 1 hour to 1 hour 30 minutes, and then the test was performed. The wrinkle suppressing pressure at this time was 9.8 kN. The evaluation of formability was based on the following index.
[0046]
:: Moldable and no coating film defect. The processing part is completely normal with no shiny sink.
[0047]
:: Moldable and slightly flawed in coating film. Although a change in color tone is observed in the film-processed portion, no crack or peeling is observed.
[0048]
Δ: Moldable, but large flaws are generated in the coating film and cracks are found in the coating film.
[0049]
×: Not moldable.
[0050]
(B) Bead pull-out test
Using a round bead mold with a convex R4mm-shoulder R2mm, apply rust preventive oil, stand for 1 hour to 1 hour and 30 minutes, and then perform a bead pull-out test with a holding load of 9.8 kN, and scratch resistance The sex was evaluated. The evaluation of scratch resistance was based on the following index.
[0051]
◎: No coating film defect. The film condition is completely normal with no shiny marks seen in the processed part.
[0052]
:: Slight scratch on the coating film. Although a change in color tone is observed in the film-processed portion, no crack or peeling is observed.
[0053]
Δ: Large flaws or cracks are observed in the coating film.
[0054]
×: Not moldable.
(4) Corrosion resistance evaluation
The coated steel sheet was subjected to a cyclic corrosion test after being subjected to cylindrical deep drawing so that the painted surface was on the outside. The cylindrical deep drawing conditions are the same as in (3).
[0055]
Further, a cycle corrosion test was performed after the bead was pulled out so that the coating film surface was on the side of the protruding portion. The bead pull-out conditions are the same as in (3).
[0056]
A cycle corrosion test was performed with the cut end face of the flat plate exposed.
[0057]
The cycle corrosion test was performed with a total of 8 hours of salt spray 2 hours, drying 4 hours, and wet 2 hours as one cycle. The salt spray condition was in accordance with JIS-K5400. The drying condition is a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 30% RH or less, and the wet condition is a temperature of 35 ° C. and a humidity of 95% RH or more.
[0058]
The evaluation of corrosion resistance was based on the following indices.
[0059]
(A) Cylindrical deep drawn material: Number of cycles until red rust occurs
(B) Bead extraction material: Number of cycles until red rust occurs.
[0060]
(C) Flat plate end face: State of the end face after 100 cycles of CCT
:: When red rust does not occur, and the area ratio of white rust indicating corrosion of the plating layer covering the sample is less than 5% of the whole
:: When red rust is not generated, and the area ratio of white rust indicating corrosion of the plating layer covering the sample is 5% or more and less than 50% of the whole.
Δ: Red rust is slightly observed, white rust is 50% or more.
×: when red rust occurrence is observed at 20% or more
(Example 1)
Various conductive particles were prepared and pulverized by a pulverizer according to the conditions to produce particles having various particle size distributions. A predetermined amount of the conductive particles was mixed with a urethane-epoxy resin, applied on a metal plate, and baked and dried. In some cases, an organic coating was applied after applying a base coat on a metal plate. Table 1 shows the conditions. The drying condition at this time is 210 ° C. at the reached plate temperature. The thus obtained coated metal sheet was evaluated for weldability, formability, and corrosion resistance under the above-described conditions.
[0061]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004183080
[0062]
Table 2 shows the results. As shown in the examples of the present invention, by controlling the particle size distribution of the conductive particles in the mode of the particle size distribution in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm and controlling the addition amount to 15 to 60% by volume. , Good weldability, formability and corrosion resistance can be ensured. Further, the content of the mode of the number distribution is set to 5% by volume or more, the mode of the volume distribution is controlled within the range of 2 to 20 μm, or the maximum particle size and the film thickness of the conductive particles are appropriately adjusted. By controlling to a value, better weldability, formability and corrosion resistance can be secured.
[0063]
No. Comparative examples 1, 10, 11, 14, 27, and 29 showed examples of coated metal plates that departed from the present invention. No. No. 1 has a small amount of conductive particles, and does not provide conductivity. No. In No. 10, the amount of the conductive particles is too large, and the moldability decreases. No. No. 11 has a low number distribution mode, and the conductivity is low. No. Since 14, 27 and 29 have a large number distribution mode, the moldability and the corrosion resistance are reduced.
[0064]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004183080
[0065]
(Example 2)
Table 3 shows conditions when various conductive particles or rust preventive pigments are mixed and when the resin system is changed. A predetermined amount of conductive particles and rust preventive pigments are mixed with urethane-epoxy resin, polyester-melamine resin, polyester-urethane resin, acryl-polyester resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, and high-molecular polyester resin, and then on a metal plate. And then baked and dried. Other manufacturing methods of the coated metal plate are the same as those in the first embodiment. The obtained coated metal plate was evaluated under the same conditions as in Example 1 for weldability, formability, and corrosion resistance.
[0066]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004183080
[0067]
Table 4 shows the results. When stainless steel particles having a large particle size are added, if the content of the stainless steel particles is 5% by volume or less, well-balanced weldability, formability, and corrosion resistance are obtained without lowering the formability. Addition of 10% by volume or more slightly lowers workability. When the content of the rust-preventive pigment is 20% by volume or less, good corrosion resistance can be obtained without lowering weldability and moldability. Further, by using a thermoplastic resin, good weldability can be obtained.
[0068]
No. Comparative Examples 38 to 40 and 48 show examples of coated metal plates outside the scope of the present invention. No. In No. 39, the amount of the conductive particles is too small, and the conductivity cannot be obtained. No. In 38 and 40, the mode value of the number distribution is too large, and the moldability and the corrosion resistance are greatly reduced. No. Sample No. 48 has an excessively large amount of conductive particles, and greatly reduces the moldability.
[0069]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004183080
[0070]
(Example 3)
Table 5 shows an example in which a metal plate coated with a urethane-epoxy resin film containing conductive particles or other particles having a controlled particle size distribution was evaluated for suitability as a fuel tank material. In addition to the performance evaluation items of Example 1 except for the end face corrosion resistance, the following seam weldability and corrosion resistance test simulating the tank inner surface side were performed.
[0071]
(5) Seam weldability
After performing 10 m seam welding with a welding current of 11 kA, a pressing force of 4.9 kN, and an energization of 2 on-1off using an electrode wheel having a tip R of 6 mm-φ250 mm, a test piece shown in JIS-Z-3141 was prepared and subjected to a leak test. Carried out.
[0072]
◎: No leakage
:: No leakage, but the surface of the weld is slightly rough
Δ: No leakage, but defects such as cracks occurred on the welded surface
×: Leakage occurred
(6) Inner surface corrosion resistance
The corrosion resistance to gasoline was evaluated. The method was as follows. A test solution was poured into a flat-bottomed cylinder having a flange width of 20 mm, a diameter of 50 mm, and a depth of 25 mm which was deep drawn by a hydraulic molding tester, and the sample was covered with a glass via a silicon rubber ring. The state of corrosion after this test was visually observed.
[0073]
(Test condition)
Test liquid: gasoline + distilled water 10% + formic acid 200ppm
Test period: Leave at 40 ° C for 3 months
(Evaluation criteria)
◎: No change
:: White rust generation 1% or less
△: 5% or less of red rust or 1 to 50% of white rust
×: Red rust generation is more than 5% or white rust is remarkable
[0074]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004183080
[0075]
Table 6 shows the results. It was found that the coated metal plate in which the conductive particles or other particles were controlled to have an appropriate particle size distribution and content had good weldability, formability, and corrosion resistance, and were also suitable as fuel tank materials.
[0076]
Comparative examples of N0.54, 59, 62, and 67 showed coated metal plates that deviated from the present invention. No. Nos. 54 and 62 have a small amount of conductive particles and poor weldability. No. Nos. 59 and 67 have a large number distribution mode of the conductive particles, and have poor moldability and corrosion resistance.
[0077]
[Table 6]
Figure 2004183080
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
From the above results, the coated metal sheet containing the conductive particles with controlled particle size distribution of the present invention can be used for home appliances, OA equipment, civil engineering / building materials, parts for welding of automobiles and the like, and parts requiring grounding property. Since it can be used widely and easily, and also has good moldability and corrosion resistance, it is expected to be used in various applications and greatly contributes to various industrial fields.

Claims (9)

導電性粒子を含有する被覆層が少なくとも片面に形成された金属板において、導電性粒子の個数分布の最頻値が粒径0.05〜1.0μmの範囲にあり、かつ被覆層中の導電性粒子の含有量が15〜60容量%であることを特徴とする導電性、耐食性、成形性に優れる被覆金属板。In a metal plate on which a coating layer containing conductive particles is formed on at least one surface, the mode of the number distribution of the conductive particles is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm in particle size, and the conductive layer in the coating layer A coated metal sheet having excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and moldability, characterized in that the content of the conductive particles is 15 to 60% by volume. 前記導電性粒子の個数分布の最頻値(±0.025μmの範囲内)において、その全導電性粒子数に占める割合が5%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の被覆金属板。2. The coated metal according to claim 1, wherein, in the mode of the number distribution of the conductive particles (within a range of ± 0.025 μm), the ratio of the conductive particles to the total number of the conductive particles is 5% or more. 3. Board. 前記導電性粒子の粒径毎の体積分布における最頻値が、2〜20μmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の被覆金属板。3. The coated metal plate according to claim 1, wherein a mode value in a volume distribution for each particle size of the conductive particles is 2 to 20 μm. 4. 被覆層の平均厚みが2〜20μmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating layer has an average thickness of 2 to 20 m. 導電性粒子の最大粒径が25μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the maximum particle size of the conductive particles is 25 µm or less. 導電性粒子がフェロシリコンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the conductive particles are ferrosilicon. 被覆層中のバインダー成分がウレタン結合を含む樹脂を主成分とすることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the binder component in the coating layer contains a resin containing a urethane bond as a main component. 被覆層中のバインダー成分が熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とすることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the binder component in the coating layer contains a thermoplastic resin as a main component. 被覆層中に防錆顔料及び/又はシリカを併せて20容量%以下含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の被覆金属板。The coated metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the coating layer contains a total of 20% by volume or less of a rust preventive pigment and / or silica.
JP2002354714A 2002-05-14 2002-12-06 Coated metal plate with excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and formability Expired - Fee Related JP3993815B2 (en)

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JP2002354714A JP3993815B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2002-12-06 Coated metal plate with excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and formability
CN038166933A CN1668460B (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-14 Weldable coated metal material with superior corrosion resistance for formed part
KR1020047018310A KR100619638B1 (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-14 Coated metal material capable of being welded which is excellent in corrosion resistance of worked zone
AU2003234918A AU2003234918A1 (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-14 Coated metal material capable of being welded which is excellent in corrosion resistance of worked zone
US10/514,369 US7390564B2 (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-14 Coated metal material capable of being welded which is excellent in corrosion resistance of worked zone
PCT/JP2003/006027 WO2003095195A1 (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-14 Coated metal material capable of being welded which is excellent in corrosion resistance of worked zone

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006167925A (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-29 Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The Conductive high corrosion-resistant material and its manufacturing method
WO2023190971A1 (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 日本製鉄株式会社 Surface-treated steel sheet

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006167925A (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-29 Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The Conductive high corrosion-resistant material and its manufacturing method
WO2023190971A1 (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 日本製鉄株式会社 Surface-treated steel sheet

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