JP2004162137A - Device for induction-hardening crank shaft - Google Patents

Device for induction-hardening crank shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004162137A
JP2004162137A JP2002330512A JP2002330512A JP2004162137A JP 2004162137 A JP2004162137 A JP 2004162137A JP 2002330512 A JP2002330512 A JP 2002330512A JP 2002330512 A JP2002330512 A JP 2002330512A JP 2004162137 A JP2004162137 A JP 2004162137A
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induction heating
frequency induction
quenching
crankshaft
heating coil
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JP3954480B2 (en
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Hideaki Katanuma
秀明 片沼
Joji Kosakai
丈治 小坂井
Kazuaki Ogawa
和昭 小川
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DKK Co Ltd
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Denki Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for induction-hardening a crank shaft, which prevents an increase of a cost of installation, and controls a temperature at a part to be heated extremely easily and further with high accuracy, and to provide a device therefor. <P>SOLUTION: This induction-hardening method comprises attaching a radiation thermometer 43 which detects a temperature information for controlling high-frequency induction heating by a high-frequency induction heating coil 31 or cooling for hardening, to a workpiece-following mechanism 4 which is moved and arranged along with the high-frequency induction heating coil 31, before carrying out high-frequency induction heating with the high-frequency induction heating coil 31; moving and arranging the radiation thermometer 43 to a side position of a pin part or a journal part, when high-frequency induction-heating the pin part or the journal part (for instance, the pin part 12) with the high-frequency induction heating coil 31; measuring a temperature of the part to be heated during high-frequency induction heating or cooling for hardening; and on the basis of the measured temperature, controlling the condition of the high-frequency induction heating or the cooling for hardening. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ガソリンエンジン或いはディーゼルエンジン用クランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部を高周波焼入する高周波焼入方法及び装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図６は、４気筒ガソリンエンジン或いはディーゼルエンジン用のクランクシャフト１を示している。このクランクシャフト１にあっては、図６に示すように、鍛造加工によりピン部１２，１４，１６，１８及びジャーナル部１１，１３，１５，１７，１９が一体成形されている。
【０００３】
従来、クランクシャフト１のピン部１２，１４，１６，１８（又はジャーナル部１１，１３，１５，１７，１９）を高周波焼入するに際しては、図７に示すように、ピン部１２，１４，１６，１８（又はジャーナル部１１，１３，１５，１７，１９）の上に半開放鞍型の高周波誘導加熱コイル２０を所定の僅かな隙間を隔てて載置すると共に、この高周波誘導加熱コイル２０に高周波電流を流し、この状態の下で、クランクシャフト１をその中心軸Ｘのまわりに回転させながら、ピン部１２，１４，１６，１８（又はジャーナル部１１，１３，１５，１７，１９）の回転に高周波誘導加熱コイル２０を追従させてこれらの円筒状外周面を高周波誘導加熱し、しかる後に焼入冷却液を噴射して冷却することにより高周波焼入を施すようにしている。
【０００４】
一般に、高周波誘導加熱コイル２０には、被加熱部への磁束密度を増大せしめて加熱効率を上げる目的のために磁性材（珪素鋼板やダストコア等）が装着され、磁性材が装着された状態の下で高周波誘導加熱コイルが使用されている。しかし、磁性材は、誘導電流による抵抗損や、変位電流による鉄損により発熱し、更に、焼入冷却液による腐食にても劣化する。かくして、磁性材の劣化に伴って被加熱部への投入電力が減少し、被加熱部の焼入硬化層パターンに変化を及ぼし、焼入硬化層不良を生じることがある。こうした懸念を振り払うには、被加熱部の加熱温度を正確に管理することができる高周波焼入方法及び装置が必要となるが、その方法及び装置の一例が特開昭６４−１５３２４号公報において提案されている。なお、この特開昭６４−１５３２４号公報において提案されているクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法及び装置は、例えばピン部等の焼入予定部を有限個の区域に分けて各区域毎に実際の温度を温度計２１で検出し（図７参照）、この検出温度とヒートマスとの双方の関数として磁束密度を変化させるようにしたものである。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開昭６４−１５３２４公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述の如き焼入品質管理方法及び装置では、図７に示すように半開放鞍型の半円形状の高周波誘導加熱コイル２０を被加熱部の直上位置に載置すると共に、この高周波誘導加熱コイル２０の下方位置に固定配置された温度計２１にて被加熱部の各区域における温度測定を行なうようにているため、次のような問題点がある。
（１） 被焼入体であるクランクシャフト１を保持して上昇及び下降移動させるようないわゆるリフト・アンド・キャリー機構を用いたワーク搬送方式では、ワークであるクランクシャフト１と温度計２１とが干渉するという不具合がある。
（２） 焼入冷却液が温度計２１に飛散するので、ワーク保持治具へのクランクシャフト１の装着時や焼入冷却液噴射時に温度計２１を別位置に移動させる必要があり、この移動機能を備えることに起因して、サイクルタイム（１つ当たりのクランクシャフト１を焼入処理するのに要する時間）の増加並びに焼入設備費の増加を招くという不具合がある。
【０００７】
本発明は、このような不具合を解消すべくなされたものであって、その目的は、設備費の増加を抑えることができると共に、被加熱部の温度管理を極めて容易にしかも高精度で行なうことができるようなクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法及び装置を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成するために、本発明では、クランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部の円柱部外周面上に半開放鞍型の高周波誘導加熱コイルを載置し、前記クランクシャフトをその中心軸を中心に回転せしめて前記高周波誘導加熱コイルをワーク追従機構により前記円柱部外周面に追従させつつ前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を高周波誘導加熱し、しかる後に前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を冷却することにより、前記ピン部及びジャーナル部の表面を焼入するクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法において、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる高周波誘導加熱の前に前記高周波誘導加熱コイルと共に移動配置される前記ワーク追従機構に、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するための温度情報を検出する放射温度計を取付け、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルにて前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を高周波誘導加熱する際に、前記放射温度計を前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の側方位置に移動配置して高周波誘導加熱時又は焼入冷却時の被焼入部の温度を測定し、この測定した温度に基づいて高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するようにしている。
また、本発明では、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルの側方位置は、焼入冷却時に前記クランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部に対応配置される焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの側方位置であるようにしている。
また、本発明では、高周波誘導加熱コイルを保持するコイル支持体と、クランクシャフトをその中心軸を中心に回転させたときに前記高周波誘導加熱コイルをクランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部に追従させるべく前記コイル支持体を左右及び上下方向に移動自在に支持するワーク追従機構と、前記コイル支持体及びワーク追従機構の組合体を所定の待機位置から所定の設定位置まで移動させるためのコイル移動機構とを具備するクランクシャフトの高周波焼入装置において、前記ワーク追従機構に放射温度計を付設して、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の高周波誘導加熱の際、又は焼入冷却の際に前記放射温度計が前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の側方位置に配置されるように構成し、前記放射温度計にて検出された温度情報に基づいて高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するようにしている。
、あた、本発明では、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルにより所要温度に高周波誘導加熱された前記ピン部又はジャーナル部に焼入冷却液を噴射する焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの壁に窓部を設け、この窓部を通して前記放射温度計による前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の温度検出を行なうように構成している。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施形態について図１〜図５を参照して説明する。なお、図１〜図５において、図６及び図７と同様の部分には同一の符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。
【００１０】
図１は、本発明に係るクランクシャフト１のピン部１２，１４，１６，１８又はジャーナル部１１，１３，１５，１７，１９をフィレットＲ焼入するために使用される高周波焼入装置２を示すものである。ここで、フィレットＲ焼入について説明すると、次の通りである。まず、ピン部１２及び１８とピン部１４及び１６とは図６に示すように位相が互いに１８０゜ずれた位置に配置されているが、これらの形状はそれぞれ同一に構成されている。以下において、ピン部１２を例にとってその形状を説明すると、このピン部１２は、図４に示すように、円筒状外周面を有する円柱部１４１と、この円柱部１４１に続くＲ部（角部若しくは隅部）１４２と、このＲ部１４２に続いて形成されかつクランクシャフト１の中心軸Ｘに対して直角に延びるように形成されたフィレット部１４３とから成る。かくして、円柱部１４１，Ｒ部１４２，及びフィレット部１４３をそれぞれ含む連続した部分の全てを焼入処理するような焼入に仕方を「フィレットＲ焼入」と称している。
【００１１】
高周波焼入装置２は、高周波誘導加熱コイルを保持するコイル支持体３を備えている。このコイル支持体３は、図１及び図２に示すように、黄銅製の一対の側板（保持板）３０と、これらの側板３０の間に挟持状態で取付けられた半開放鞍型の高周波誘導加熱コイル３１と、この高周波誘導加熱コイル３１にリード３２を介して電力を供給する高周波電源３３と、側板３０の下端に取付られて高周波誘導加熱コイル３１の下方位置に配置された焼入冷却用の一対の焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット３４と、高周波電源３３とリード３２を互いに接続するための一対の接続端子３５と、接続端子３５及びリード３２を保持するために側板３０の上端に取付けられた絶縁性材料から成るブロック３６と、被加熱部（例えば、ピン部１２）と高周波誘導加熱コイル３１との間の間隔を僅かな隙間で保つための３個のセラミック製若しくは超硬製の接触子（チップ部材）３７とをそれぞれ具備している。
【００１２】
また、上述のコイル支持体３は、図１に示す如く４辺リンク機構から成るワーク追従機構４の下部に垂直に吊り下げられた状態で保持され、ワーク追従機構４の機能により左右及び上下方向に移動自在に支持されている。そして、コイル支持体３及びワーク追従機構４の組合体がリフト・アンド・キャリー方式の移動機構（図示せず）によって上昇及び下降移動されるように構成されている。また、高周波誘導加熱コイル３１は、クランクシャフト１の被加熱部（例えば、ピン部１２）の半円弧形状上面部に対応するように配置されている。かくして、高周波誘導加熱時には、クランクシャフト１の被加熱部の円柱部外周面（例えば、ピン部１２の外周面の上半分部分）に例えば３つの接触子３７が当接され、これにより高周波誘導加熱コィル３１と被加熱部の上半分部分の外周面とが僅かな所定間隔を隔てて被加熱部の円筒状外周面上に載置されると共に、クランクシャフト１がその中心軸Ｘを中心に回転されるのに伴い、ワーク追従機構４により、高周波誘導加熱コイル３１がクランクシャフト１の被加熱部の上に載置された状態のまま、被加熱部の回転動作に追従して移動し得るように構成されている。さらに、本実施形態の高周波誘導加熱コイル３１では、被加熱部へ磁束を集中させるために珪素鋼板等の磁性材３８が適宜箇所に取付けられている（図２参照）。
【００１３】
また、図１及び図２に示すように、上述の一対の焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット３４には、冷却液供給用パイプ４０がそれぞれ接続されており、冷却液供給装置４１からこれらのパイプ４０を通して焼入冷却液が焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット３４に供給され、焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット３４から所定のタイミングで焼入冷却液が所要の焼入温度に高周波誘導加熱された被加熱部に向けて噴射されるように構成なっている。
【００１４】
更に、本実施形態の高周波焼入装置２では、ワーク追従機構４のベース板（下辺板）４ａに垂下状態で固定された取付部材４２の下端に放射温度計（放射高温計）４３が一体に付設されている。この放射温度計４３は、高周波誘導加熱コイル３１による加熱時に被加熱部の加熱温度を検出するために配設された赤外線温度計等の高温計（パイロメーター）であり、放射温度計４３の温度検出部４３ａが、図２及び図３に示す如く焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット３４の壁（ジャケット壁）３４ａに設けられた窓部４４を通して、ピン部１２等の被加熱部に対応配置されている。かくして、時間の経過と共に放射温度計４３により測定された信号（すなわち、被加熱部の検出温度値）が放射温度計４３から検出装置４５を介して制御装置４６に供給されるように構成されている。なお、この制御装置４６は、既述の高周波電源３３，ワーク追従機構４，及び冷却液供給装置４１等の動作をそれぞれ制御するための装置である。
【００１５】
以下に、本発明の具体的な実施例を示す。
実施例
（１） ワーク ： ４気筒クランクシャフト
（ａ） 材質 ： Ｓ３７Ｃ
（ｂ） ピン部寸法
直径 ： ４５ｍｍ
幅 ： ２０ｍｍ
（２） 高周波誘導加熱条件
（ａ） 周波数 ： ２０ｋＨｚ
（ｂ） 出力
トップ部 ： ５０ｋＷ
ボトム部 ： ６８ｋＷ
（ｃ） 加熱時間 ： １４ｓｅｃ
（ｄ） 回転数 ： ３０ｒｐｍ
（３） 冷却条件
（ａ） 冷却液 ： ユーコンクェンチャントＡ（８％）
（ｂ） 液温 ： ３０℃
（ｃ） 流量 ： １００Ｌ／ｍｉｎ
（ｅ） 冷却時間 ： ２０ｓｅｃ
【００１６】
上記焼入条件の下で、前記放射温度計４３から得られる温度情報をパラメータとして利用して高周波誘導加熱並びに焼入冷却の制御を適宜に行なうことにより、クランクシャフト１のピン部（例えば、ピン部１２）をフィレットＲ焼入したところ、図４に示すような焼入硬化層パターンＳを得ることができた。なお、高周波誘導加熱コイル３１により高周波誘導加熱された被加熱部（ピン部１２）の円柱部１４１を放射温度計４３で測定したところ、図５に示すような結果であった。
【００１７】
図４に示すように、ピン部１２のトップ部（クランクシャフト１の中心軸Ｘに相対的に近い側の部分）αはピン部１２のボトム部（クランクシャフト１の中心軸Ｘに相対的に遠い側の部分）βに比べてバランスウエイトＷの形状によりスラスト高さが低い（スラスト部１４３の長さが短い）ので、上記実施例（２）（ｂ）に記載の如く、トップ部αの加熱出力をボトム部βの加熱出力よりも少なくしてフィレットＲ部の焼入硬化層パターンがほぼ等しくなるように調整している。また、トップ部α及びボトム部βは、フィレットＲ部１４２の焼入硬化層をそろえるために、ピン部１２の円柱部１４１の円筒状外周面においては焼入硬化層パターンＳがトップ部αよりもボトム部βにおいて深くなる。因みに、トップ部αにおける焼入硬化層深さＤ１は３ｍｍであり、ボトム部βにおける焼入硬化層深さＤ２は４ｍｍである。
【００１８】
図５に示すように、トップ部αとボトム部βとにおける加熱温度の差が温度カーブの「山」及び「谷」となって計測される。品質規格値の上下限値から時系列温度カーブの幅、或いは、最高温度の幅が求めてられて、その温度の範囲内で焼入品質が放射温度計４３からの検出温度値に基づいて高精度で管理される。
【００１９】
また、放射温度計４３から得られる検出温度値を高周波電源３３の制御装置４６にフィードバックすることによって、加熱温度により加熱出力を調整することも可能である。
【００２０】
以上、本発明の一実施形態について述べたが、本発明はこの実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて各種の変形及び変更が可能である。例えば、放射温度計４３の取付数を変更する（１個から２個或いは３個等）、また、放射温度計４３の取付角度を調整して、被加熱部であるピン部１２の円柱部１４１のみならず、フィレットＲ部１４２やスラスト部１４３の温度を測定することが可能である。特に、放射温度計４３をピン部１２のオイル潤滑孔（図示せず）を除く位置に設置することによって、温度の測定精度を向上させることができる。また、既述の実施形態では、フィレットＲ焼入を行なう装置について述べたが、これに限らず、ピン部又はジャーナル部の円柱部の円柱状外周面のみを焼入するいわゆる「フラット焼入」を行なう装置にも本発明を適用可能である。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上の如く、本発明の係るクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法及び装置は、高周波誘導加熱コイルを被焼入体であるクランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部に追従させるワーク追従機構に放射温度計を付設して、この放射温度計を高周波誘導加熱時又は焼入冷却時に前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の側方位置に配置するようにしたものであるから、被焼入体であるクランクシャフトと放射温度計とが干渉してクランクシャフトの搬送に支障を来たすような事態の発生を回避することができる。そのため、焼入処理前のクランクシャフトの搬送時に放射温度計を別の位置に移動させるための機構を設ける必要がなく、従って高周波焼入装置の設備費の増加を抑えることができると共に、サイクルタイム（１つ当たりのクランクシャフトを焼入処理するのに要する時間）を短縮することが可能となる。
【００２２】
また、本発明においては、焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの壁に窓部を設けて放射温度計を前記窓部を通してクランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部（被焼入部）に対応配置するようにしているので、焼入冷却液が放射温度計に直接的に飛散するのを回避することができ、従って高周波誘導加熱及び焼入冷却時の被焼入部の温度を容易にかつ正確に測定して焼入品質を高精度で判定することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係るクランクシャフトの高周波誘導加熱装置の構成図である。
【図２】図１の高周波誘導加熱装置に用いられるコイル支持体を拡大して示す側面図である。
【図３】焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの壁に設けられた窓部を示す正面図である。
【図４】本発明に係るクランクシャフトの高周波誘導加熱方法及び装置を用いてクランクシャフトのピン部をフィレットＲ焼入した場合に得られる焼入硬化層パターンを示す断面図である。
【図５】高周波誘導加熱時において放射温度計で検出された温度を時間の経過とともに示すグラフである。
【図６】４気筒クランクシャフトの正面図である。
【図７】従来におけるクランクシャフトの高周波誘導加熱方法を説明するための説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１ クランクシャフト
２ 高周波焼入装置
３ コイル支持体
４ ワーク追従機構
４ａ ベース板
１１，１３，１５，１７，１９ ジャーナル部
１２，１４，１６，１８ ピン部
３１ 高周波誘導加熱コイル
３３ 高周波電源
３４ 焼入冷却液噴射ジャケット
３４ａ ジャケット壁
４２ 取付部材
４３ 放射温度計
４４ 窓部
４５ 検出装置
４６ 制御装置[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an induction hardening method and apparatus for induction hardening a pin portion or a journal portion of a crankshaft for a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 6 shows a crankshaft 1 for a four-cylinder gasoline engine or a diesel engine. In the crankshaft 1, as shown in FIG. 6, pins 12, 14, 16, 18 and journals 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 are integrally formed by forging.
[0003]
Conventionally, when induction hardening the pin portions 12, 14, 16, 18 (or the journal portions 11, 13, 15, 17, 19) of the crankshaft 1, as shown in FIG. A semi-open saddle-type high-frequency induction heating coil 20 is placed on the journals 16, 18 (or the journal portions 11, 13, 15, 17, 17, 19) with a predetermined small gap therebetween. A high-frequency current is passed through the pin portions 12, 14, 16, and 18 (or the journal portions 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19) while rotating the crankshaft 1 around the central axis X in this state. The rotation of the high-frequency induction heating coil 20 is followed by high-frequency induction heating of these cylindrical outer peripheral surfaces, and thereafter, induction hardening is performed by jetting a quenching coolant and cooling. .
[0004]
Generally, a magnetic material (silicon steel plate, dust core, or the like) is mounted on the high-frequency induction heating coil 20 for the purpose of increasing the magnetic flux density to the heated portion and increasing the heating efficiency. Below a high frequency induction heating coil is used. However, the magnetic material generates heat due to resistance loss due to the induced current and iron loss due to the displacement current, and further deteriorates due to corrosion due to the quenching coolant. Thus, the power supplied to the heated portion decreases with the deterioration of the magnetic material, and the quenched hardened layer pattern of the heated portion is changed, which may cause a quenched hardened layer defect. In order to eliminate such a concern, an induction hardening method and apparatus capable of accurately controlling the heating temperature of the heated portion is required. An example of the method and apparatus is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-15324. Have been. The method and apparatus for induction hardening of a crankshaft proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-15324 disclose a quenched portion such as a pin portion into a finite number of sections, and each section has an actual quenching section. The temperature is detected by the thermometer 21 (see FIG. 7), and the magnetic flux density is changed as a function of both the detected temperature and the heat mass.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-64-15324
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the quenching quality control method and apparatus as described above, the semi-open saddle-shaped semi-circular high-frequency induction heating coil 20 is placed at a position immediately above the portion to be heated as shown in FIG. Since the temperature measurement in each section of the heated portion is performed by the thermometer 21 fixedly disposed below the heating coil 20, there are the following problems.
(1) In a work transfer system using a so-called lift-and-carry mechanism in which the crankshaft 1 as a quenched body is moved up and down while being held, the crankshaft 1 as a work and the thermometer 21 are connected to each other. There is a problem of interference.
(2) Since the quenched coolant is scattered to the thermometer 21, it is necessary to move the thermometer 21 to another position when the crankshaft 1 is mounted on the work holding jig or when the quenched coolant is injected. Due to the provision of the function, there is a problem that the cycle time (the time required for quenching one crankshaft 1) and the cost of quenching equipment increase.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to suppress an increase in equipment cost and to perform temperature control of a heated portion extremely easily and with high accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for induction hardening of a crankshaft that can perform the above-mentioned steps.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a semi-open saddle-type high-frequency induction heating coil is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical portion of a pin portion or a journal portion of a crankshaft, and the central axis of the crankshaft is adjusted. By rotating the pin portion or journal portion to high frequency induction heating while rotating to the center and causing the high frequency induction heating coil to follow the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion by a work following mechanism, and then cooling the pin portion or journal portion, In the induction hardening method of a crankshaft for quenching the surfaces of the pin portion and the journal portion, the work following mechanism that is moved and arranged together with the high-frequency induction heating coil before the high-frequency induction heating by the high-frequency induction heating coil includes: Radiation detecting temperature information to control high frequency induction heating or quenching cooling by high frequency induction heating coil When the high-frequency induction heating coil is used for high-frequency induction heating of the pin section or the journal section, the radiation thermometer is moved and arranged at a side position of the pin section or the journal section to perform high-frequency induction heating. Alternatively, the temperature of the part to be quenched during quenching and cooling is measured, and high-frequency induction heating or quenching and cooling is controlled based on the measured temperature.
Further, in the present invention, the lateral position of the high-frequency induction heating coil is a lateral position of a quenching coolant spray jacket disposed corresponding to a pin portion or a journal portion of the crankshaft during quenching and cooling. I have.
Further, according to the present invention, a coil support for holding a high-frequency induction heating coil, and in order to make the high-frequency induction heating coil follow a pin portion or a journal portion of the crankshaft when the crankshaft is rotated around its central axis. A work following mechanism for movably supporting the coil support in left and right and up and down directions, and a coil moving mechanism for moving a combination of the coil support and the work following mechanism from a predetermined standby position to a predetermined set position. In the induction hardening device for a crankshaft, a radiation thermometer is attached to the work following mechanism, and the pin portion or the journal portion is subjected to high-frequency induction heating by the high-frequency induction heating coil, or during quenching and cooling. The radiation thermometer is configured to be disposed at a side position of the pin portion or the journal portion. So as to control the high-frequency induction heating or quenching cooling based on the detected temperature information.
In the present invention, a window portion is provided on a wall of a quenching coolant injection jacket that injects a quench coolant onto the pin portion or the journal portion that has been subjected to high-frequency induction heating to a required temperature by the high-frequency induction heating coil, The temperature of the pin or the journal is detected by the radiation thermometer through the window.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 1 to 5, the same parts as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows an induction hardening device 2 used to harden the pin portions 12, 14, 16, 18 or the journal portions 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 19 of the crankshaft 1 according to the present invention. It is shown. Here, the fillet R quenching will be described as follows. First, the pin portions 12 and 18 and the pin portions 14 and 16 are arranged at positions where the phases are shifted from each other by 180 ° as shown in FIG. 6, but their shapes are the same. In the following, the shape of the pin portion 12 will be described with reference to an example. As shown in FIG. 4, the pin portion 12 has a cylindrical portion 141 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface and an R portion (corner portion) following the cylindrical portion 141. Or a corner portion) 142 and a fillet portion 143 formed following the R portion 142 and extending perpendicular to the central axis X of the crankshaft 1. Thus, a method of quenching such that all the continuous portions including the columnar portion 141, the R portion 142, and the fillet portion 143 are quenched is referred to as "fillet R quenching".
[0011]
The induction hardening device 2 includes a coil support 3 that holds a high-frequency induction heating coil. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the coil support 3 includes a pair of side plates (holding plates) 30 made of brass, and a semi-open saddle-type high-frequency induction coil mounted between the side plates 30 in a sandwiched state. A heating coil 31, a high-frequency power supply 33 for supplying electric power to the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 via a lead 32, and a quenching / cooling device attached to the lower end of the side plate 30 and disposed below the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 , A pair of quenching coolant spray jackets 34, a pair of connection terminals 35 for connecting the high frequency power supply 33 and the leads 32 to each other, and attached to the upper end of the side plate 30 for holding the connection terminals 35 and the leads 32. A block 36 made of an insulating material and three ceramic or cemented carbides for keeping a small gap between the heated portion (for example, the pin portion 12) and the high frequency induction heating coil 31. The contacts are provided, respectively a (tip member) 37.
[0012]
The above-mentioned coil support 3 is held in a vertically suspended state below the work following mechanism 4 composed of a four-side link mechanism as shown in FIG. It is supported movably. The combination of the coil support 3 and the work following mechanism 4 is configured to be moved up and down by a lift-and-carry type moving mechanism (not shown). Further, the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 is arranged so as to correspond to a semi-circular upper surface of a heated portion (for example, the pin portion 12) of the crankshaft 1. Thus, at the time of high-frequency induction heating, for example, three contacts 37 are brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the heated portion of the crankshaft 1 (for example, the upper half portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion 12), whereby the high-frequency induction heating is performed. The coil 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the upper half portion of the heated portion are placed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the heated portion at a slight predetermined interval, and the crankshaft 1 rotates about its central axis X. As a result, the workpiece follow-up mechanism 4 allows the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 to move following the rotation of the heated portion while the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 is placed on the heated portion of the crankshaft 1. Is configured. Further, in the high-frequency induction heating coil 31 of the present embodiment, a magnetic material 38 such as a silicon steel plate is attached at an appropriate position in order to concentrate the magnetic flux on the portion to be heated (see FIG. 2).
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, cooling liquid supply pipes 40 are respectively connected to the pair of quenching cooling liquid injection jackets 34, and the cooling liquid supply device 41 passes through these pipes 40. The quenching coolant is supplied to the quenching coolant injection jacket 34, and the quenching coolant is directed from the quenching coolant injection jacket 34 at a predetermined timing to the heated portion where the quenching coolant is induction-heated to the required quenching temperature. It is configured to be injected.
[0014]
Further, in the induction hardening apparatus 2 of the present embodiment, a radiation thermometer (radiation pyrometer) 43 is integrally provided at the lower end of the mounting member 42 fixed to the base plate (lower side plate) 4a of the work following mechanism 4 in a hanging state. It is attached. The radiation thermometer 43 is a pyrometer such as an infrared thermometer provided to detect a heating temperature of a heated portion when heated by the high-frequency induction heating coil 31. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the detection unit 43 a is disposed corresponding to a heated portion such as the pin portion 12 through a window 44 provided on a wall (jacket wall) 34 a of the quenching coolant injection jacket 34. . Thus, the signal measured by the radiation thermometer 43 with the passage of time (that is, the detected temperature value of the heated portion) is supplied from the radiation thermometer 43 to the control device 46 via the detection device 45. I have. The control device 46 is a device for controlling the operations of the high-frequency power supply 33, the work following mechanism 4, the cooling liquid supply device 41, and the like described above.
[0015]
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
Example (1) Work: 4-cylinder crankshaft (a) Material: S37C
(B) Pin part size diameter: 45mm
Width: 20mm
(2) High-frequency induction heating conditions (a) Frequency: 20 kHz
(B) Output top: 50 kW
Bottom part: 68kW
(C) Heating time: 14 sec
(D) Number of revolutions: 30 rpm
(3) Cooling conditions (a) Coolant: Yukon Quenchant A (8%)
(B) Liquid temperature: 30 ° C
(C) Flow rate: 100 L / min
(E) Cooling time: 20 sec
[0016]
Under the above quenching conditions, by appropriately controlling high-frequency induction heating and quenching and cooling using temperature information obtained from the radiation thermometer 43 as a parameter, the pin portion (for example, the pin When the portion 12) was quenched with a fillet R, a quench-hardened layer pattern S as shown in FIG. 4 could be obtained. In addition, when the cylindrical part 141 of the to-be-heated part (pin part 12) heated by the high frequency induction heating coil 31 by the high frequency induction heating was measured by the radiation thermometer 43, the result was as shown in FIG.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 4, the top portion (the portion closer to the center axis X of the crankshaft 1) α of the pin portion 12 is located at the bottom portion of the pin portion 12 (relative to the center axis X of the crankshaft 1). Since the thrust height is lower (the length of the thrust portion 143 is shorter) due to the shape of the balance weight W as compared with the portion β on the far side), as described in the above-mentioned embodiments (2) and (b), the top portion α The heating output is adjusted to be smaller than the heating output of the bottom portion β so that the quenched and hardened layer pattern of the fillet R portion is substantially equal. The top part α and the bottom part β are arranged such that the quench hardened layer pattern S on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 141 of the pin part 12 is higher than the top part α in order to align the quench hardened layer of the fillet R part 142. Also becomes deeper at the bottom part β. Incidentally, hardened layer depth D 1 in the top portion α is 3 mm, hardened layer depth D 2 at the bottom part β is 4 mm.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 5, the difference between the heating temperatures at the top part α and the bottom part β is measured as “peaks” and “valleys” of the temperature curve. The width of the time-series temperature curve or the width of the maximum temperature is determined from the upper and lower limits of the quality standard value, and the quenching quality is high based on the detected temperature value from the radiation thermometer 43 within the temperature range. It is managed with precision.
[0019]
Further, by feeding back the detected temperature value obtained from the radiation thermometer 43 to the control device 46 of the high-frequency power supply 33, the heating output can be adjusted according to the heating temperature.
[0020]
As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the present invention was described, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the number of the radiation thermometers 43 to be mounted is changed (from one to two or three, etc.), and the mounting angle of the radiation thermometers 43 is adjusted so that the cylindrical portion 141 of the pin portion 12 to be heated is formed. In addition, it is possible to measure the temperature of the fillet R portion 142 and the thrust portion 143. In particular, by installing the radiation thermometer 43 at a position other than the oil lubrication holes (not shown) of the pin portion 12, the accuracy of temperature measurement can be improved. Also, in the above-described embodiment, the apparatus for performing the fillet R quenching has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention is also applicable to an apparatus for performing the above.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the method and the apparatus for induction hardening of a crankshaft according to the present invention are provided with a radiation thermometer to a work follow-up mechanism for causing a high-frequency induction heating coil to follow a pin or a journal of a crankshaft as a hardened object. Since the radiation thermometer is arranged at the side of the pin portion or the journal portion at the time of high-frequency induction heating or quenching and cooling, the crankshaft to be quenched and the radiation thermometer are arranged. Can be prevented from interfering with the transfer of the crankshaft. Therefore, there is no need to provide a mechanism for moving the radiation thermometer to another position when the crankshaft is conveyed before the quenching process, so that it is possible to suppress an increase in equipment costs of the induction quenching apparatus and to reduce the cycle time. (The time required for quenching one crankshaft) can be reduced.
[0022]
Further, in the present invention, a window is provided on the wall of the quenching coolant spray jacket, and the radiation thermometer is arranged to correspond to the pin portion or the journal portion (hardened portion) of the crankshaft through the window portion. Therefore, the quenching coolant can be prevented from directly scattering on the radiation thermometer. Therefore, the temperature of the portion to be quenched during high-frequency induction heating and quenching and cooling can be measured easily and accurately. The quality can be determined with high accuracy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a high-frequency induction heating apparatus for a crankshaft according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing a coil support used in the high-frequency induction heating device of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a window provided on a wall of a quenching coolant injection jacket.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a quench hardened layer pattern obtained when a pin portion of a crankshaft is quenched with a fillet R using the method and apparatus for high-frequency induction heating of a crankshaft according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature detected by a radiation thermometer over time during high frequency induction heating.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a four-cylinder crankshaft.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a conventional high-frequency induction heating method for a crankshaft.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crankshaft 2 Induction hardening device 3 Coil support 4 Work following mechanism 4a Base plates 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 Journal parts 12, 14, 16, 18 Pin part 31 High frequency induction heating coil 33 High frequency power supply 34 Quenching Coolant spray jacket 34a Jacket wall 42 Mounting member 43 Radiation thermometer 44 Window 45 Detection device 46 Control device

Claims (4)

クランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部の円柱部外周面上に半開放鞍型の高周波誘導加熱コイルを載置し、前記クランクシャフトをその中心軸を中心に回転せしめて前記高周波誘導加熱コイルをワーク追従機構により前記円柱部外周面に追従させつつ前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を高周波誘導加熱し、しかる後に前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を冷却することにより、前記ピン部及びジャーナル部の表面を焼入するクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法において、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる高周波誘導加熱の前に前記高周波誘導加熱コイルと共に移動配置される前記ワーク追従機構に、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するための温度情報を検出する放射温度計を取付け、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルにて前記ピン部又はジャーナル部を高周波誘導加熱する際に、前記放射温度計を前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の側方位置に移動配置して高周波誘導加熱時又は焼入冷却時の被焼入部の温度を測定し、この測定した温度に基づいて高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するようにしたことを特徴とするクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法。A semi-open saddle-type high-frequency induction heating coil is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder or the cylindrical portion of the crankshaft, and the crankshaft is rotated about its central axis to follow the high-frequency induction heating coil. A crank that hardens the surfaces of the pin and the journal by heating the pin or the journal by high-frequency induction heating while following the outer peripheral surface of the column by a mechanism, and then cooling the pin or the journal. In the induction hardening method of the shaft, the high-frequency induction heating or quenching and cooling by the high-frequency induction heating coil is performed on the work following mechanism which is moved and arranged together with the high-frequency induction heating coil before the high-frequency induction heating by the high-frequency induction heating coil. A radiation thermometer for detecting temperature information for control is mounted, and the high-frequency induction heating coil is provided. When the pin portion or the journal portion is subjected to high-frequency induction heating, the radiation thermometer is moved to a position lateral to the pin portion or the journal portion, and the temperature of the quenched portion during high-frequency induction heating or quenching / cooling is set. , And controlling the induction heating or quenching / cooling based on the measured temperature. 前記高周波誘導加熱コイルの側方位置は、焼入冷却時に前記クランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部に対応配置される焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの側方位置であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のクランクシャフトの高周波焼入方法。The lateral position of the high-frequency induction heating coil is a lateral position of a quenching coolant spray jacket arranged corresponding to a pin portion or a journal portion of the crankshaft during quenching and cooling. Induction hardening method for the crankshaft as described. 高周波誘導加熱コイルを保持するコイル支持体と、クランクシャフトをその中心軸を中心に回転させたときに前記高周波誘導加熱コイルをクランクシャフトのピン部又はジャーナル部に追従させるべく前記コイル支持体を左右及び上下方向に移動自在に支持するワーク追従機構と、前記コイル支持体及びワーク追従機構の組合体を所定の待機位置から所定の設定位置まで移動させるためのコイル移動機構とを具備するクランクシャフトの高周波焼入装置において、前記ワーク追従機構に放射温度計を付設して、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルによる前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の高周波誘導加熱の際、又は焼入冷却の際に前記放射温度計が前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の側方位置に配置されるように構成し、前記放射温度計にて検出された温度情報に基づいて高周波誘導加熱又は焼入冷却を制御するようにしたことを特徴とするクランクシャフトの高周波焼入装置。A coil support for holding the high-frequency induction heating coil, and a left and right coil support for causing the high-frequency induction heating coil to follow the pin or journal of the crankshaft when the crankshaft is rotated about its central axis. And a coil follower mechanism for moving a combination of the coil supporter and the workpiece follower from a predetermined standby position to a predetermined set position. In the induction hardening device, a radiation thermometer is attached to the work following mechanism, and the radiation thermometer is used for high-frequency induction heating of the pin portion or the journal portion by the high-frequency induction heating coil, or for quenching and cooling. It is configured to be arranged at a side position of the pin portion or the journal portion, and the temperature information detected by the radiation thermometer is provided. Induction hardening apparatus of the crankshaft, characterized in that so as to control the high-frequency induction heating or quenching cooling based on. 前記高周波誘導加熱コイルにより所要温度に高周波誘導加熱された前記ピン部又はジャーナル部に焼入冷却液を噴射する焼入冷却液噴射ジャケットの壁に窓部を設け、この窓部を通して前記放射温度計による前記ピン部又はジャーナル部の温度検出を行なうように構成したことを特徴とする請求項３に記載のクランクシャフトの高周波焼入装置。A window is provided on a wall of a quenching coolant spray jacket that injects a quenching coolant onto the pin portion or the journal portion heated to a required temperature by the high-frequency induction heating coil, and the radiation thermometer is passed through the window. 4. The induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the pin portion or the journal portion is detected by the following method.
JP2002330512A 2002-11-14 2002-11-14 Induction hardening method and apparatus for crankshaft Expired - Fee Related JP3954480B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007094096A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-23 Ntn Corporation High frequency hardening method, high frequency hardening equipment, and high frequency hardened product
WO2009013827A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation Process, and apparatus utilizing the same, for manufacturing steel sheet
WO2011005722A2 (en) * 2009-07-04 2011-01-13 Inductoheat, Inc. Application of electric induction energy for manufacture of irregularly shaped shafts with cylindrical components including non-unitarily forged crankshafts and camshafts
KR101515552B1 (en) 2013-05-21 2015-04-27 동아대학교 산학협력단 High frequency heat treatment apparatus having the temperature control device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007094096A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-23 Ntn Corporation High frequency hardening method, high frequency hardening equipment, and high frequency hardened product
WO2009013827A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation Process, and apparatus utilizing the same, for manufacturing steel sheet
JPWO2009013827A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2010-09-30 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 Steel plate manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus using the method
WO2011005722A2 (en) * 2009-07-04 2011-01-13 Inductoheat, Inc. Application of electric induction energy for manufacture of irregularly shaped shafts with cylindrical components including non-unitarily forged crankshafts and camshafts
WO2011005722A3 (en) * 2009-07-04 2011-04-07 Inductoheat, Inc. Application of electric induction energy for manufacture of irregularly shaped shafts with cylindrical components including non-unitarily forged crankshafts and camshafts
US8247749B2 (en) 2009-07-04 2012-08-21 Inductoheat, Inc. Application of electric induction energy for manufacture of irregularly shaped shafts with cylindrical components including non-unitarily forged crankshafts and camshafts
KR101768027B1 (en) 2009-07-04 2017-08-30 인덕터히트 인코포레이티드. Application of electric induction energy for manufacture of irregularly shaped shafts with cylindrical components including non-unitarily forged crankshafts and camshafts
KR101515552B1 (en) 2013-05-21 2015-04-27 동아대학교 산학협력단 High frequency heat treatment apparatus having the temperature control device

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