JP2004125347A - Device and method for treating incineration residue - Google Patents

Device and method for treating incineration residue Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004125347A
JP2004125347A JP2002293637A JP2002293637A JP2004125347A JP 2004125347 A JP2004125347 A JP 2004125347A JP 2002293637 A JP2002293637 A JP 2002293637A JP 2002293637 A JP2002293637 A JP 2002293637A JP 2004125347 A JP2004125347 A JP 2004125347A
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incineration
furnace
melting furnace
gasification
melting
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Shoichi Kume
久米　正一
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Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho KK
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Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for treating incineration residue capable of effectively suppressing the elusion of harmful substances such as heavy metals and the generation of dioxin. <P>SOLUTION: This incineration residue treating device 1 comprises a reduction gasification melting furnace 2 having a furnace body lower part 7 with at least one inlet port 6 and incinerating or melting general wastes and industrial wastes and a blowing device 3 collecting the incineration residue such as fly ash and incineration ash produced by the incineration and melting in the reduction gasification melting furnace 2 or a furnace different from the furnace 2 and inputting the collected incineration residue in the reduction gasification melting furnace 2 through a tuyere 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを焼却処理または溶融処理した際に発生する焼却残渣の処理装置及びその処理方法に関するものである。なお、ここでいう「焼却残渣」とは、具体的には、焼却灰、飛灰、集じん灰の他、ダスト、不燃物も含まれる。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、ダイオキシンの発生は、そのほとんど（約９割）が、ごみ、すなわち一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物を含む廃棄物全般の焼却によるものであることが知られている。
【０００３】
この焼却時に発生するダイオキシンは、通常、焼却灰に６％、排ガスに５％、飛灰に８９％含まれている。
【０００４】
また、重金属などの有害物質を含んだ飛灰、焼却灰、不燃物等は、キレート剤（例えば、ミヨシ油脂製ニューポルパ８００）やセメントを添加して固化した処理物を、埋立てなどに利用するのが一般的である。
【０００５】
この際、かかる処理物を埋め立てる場所には、処理物中の有害物質を含む汚水が、直接地下に浸透しないようにするため、埋立て場所には、例えば、厚いゴムシート敷き詰めるとともに、その上に不織布（例えばウレタン）が載せられ、場所によっては、モルタルが吹付けられる。
【０００６】
しかしながら、埋立て場所に前記処理物を入れた後に、その上に残土をかける重機等によってゴムシート等が損傷したり、風雨などの風化劣化によってゴムシート等が損傷する場合があり、かかる場合には、水銀、鉛、カドミウム、セレンなどの重金属やダイオキシンなどが露出し、地下に溶出する恐れがあり、これは、土壌汚染や地下水脈汚染などの環境汚染を引き起こす原因となるため好ましくない。
【０００７】
したがって、従来のキレート固化処理やセメント固化処理では、重金属やダイオキシンの露出や溶出が生じる恐れがあり、加えて、最終埋立て処分場の存在が不可欠であるという重大な問題もあった。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを焼却処理または溶融処理した際に発生する焼却残渣を、例えば溶融スラグや溶融メタルのような高温液状物中に固溶させることにより、重金属等の有害物質の溶出や、ダイオキシンの発生を有効に抑制した焼却残渣の処理装置及びその処理方法を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の焼却残渣の処理装置は、少なくとも１個の羽口もしくは吹込口の投入口を設けた炉体下部を有し、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを溶融させ、炉内で発生する酸素含有ガスを還元ガス化させる還元ガス化溶融炉と、この還元ガス化溶融炉又はこの炉とは異なる炉で前記焼却処理や前記溶融処理を行うことによって発生した飛灰や焼却灰などの焼却残渣を回収し、この回収した焼却残渣を前記投入口を通じて前記還元ガス化溶融炉内へ直接投入する吹込み装置とを具えることにある。
【００１０】
また、吹込み装置は、具体的には、焼却残渣を収納する貯蔵室と、該貯蔵室の焼却残渣を外部に向かって吹き付けるガス供給手段と、貯蔵室から延び還元ガス化溶融炉の前記投入口に接続され、ガス供給手段による吹付け力によって貯蔵室の焼却残渣を前記投入口まで誘導する配管とを有することが好ましく、加えて、還元ガス化溶融炉と吹込み装置との間に、還元ガス化溶融炉内で発生した高温ガスを冷却する冷却塔と、該冷却塔で冷却されることによって発生する焼却残渣を収集する少なくとも１個の収集手段と、この収集手段によって収集された焼却残渣を吹込み装置の貯蔵室へ移送する移送手段とをさらに有することがより好ましい。
【００１１】
本発明の焼却残渣の処理方法は、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを焼却処理または溶融処理した際に発生する飛灰や焼却灰などの焼却残渣を、１０００℃以上の高温液状物質中に溶融させることにある。
【００１２】
また、前記高温液状物質は、具体的には、少なくとも１個の羽口もしくは吹込口の投入口を設けた炉体下部を有し、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを溶融させ、炉内で発生する酸素含有ガスを還元ガス化させる還元ガス化溶融炉内で生成される溶融スラグや溶融メタルであることが好ましい。
【００１３】
さらに、焼却残渣は、前記投入口から、溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滴下する炉内の領域である滴下層、またはその滴下層よりも下方に存在する溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滞留する溶融物層中に吹き込んで溶融させることがより好適である。
加えて、還元ガス化させた炉内ガスによって、焼却残渣に含まれる鉄酸化物などの金属酸化物を金属に還元することがより好適である。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本発明に従う焼却残渣の処理装置の概略正面図を示したものである。
【００１５】
図１に示す焼却残渣処理装置１は、主として還元ガス化溶融炉２と吹込み装置３とによって構成されている。
【００１６】
還元ガス化溶融炉２は、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などの投入物４を溶融させ、炉内で発生する酸素含有ガスを還元ガス化させるためのコークスベット式還元ガス化溶融炉であって、その炉体５は、少なくとも１個の羽口もしくは吹込口の投入口６を設けた炉体下部７を有し、さらに図１では、前記投入物４を炉内に挿入する炉頂８と、炉体２の好ましくは側方部に位置し、投入物４の焼却処理によって発生する高温ガスを排出するためのガス排出口９とを有している。
ここでいう「炉体下部」とは、前記投入口６を有する炉底、朝顔および炉腹を含む炉体の下側部分を意味する。
【００１７】
吹込み装置３は、還元ガス化溶融炉２又はこの炉２とは異なる炉（図示せず）で前記焼却処理や前記溶融処理を行うことによって発生した飛灰や焼却灰などの焼却残渣を回収し、この回収した焼却残渣を前記投入口６を通じて前記還元ガス化溶融炉２内へ投入する構成を有している。
【００１８】
吹込み装置３は、具体的には、例えば、焼却残渣を収納する貯蔵室１０と、該貯蔵室１０の焼却残渣を外部に向かって吹き付けるガス供給手段（図示せず）と、貯蔵室１０から延び還元ガス化溶融炉２の投入口６に接続され、ガス供給手段による吹付け力によって貯蔵室１０の焼却残渣を投入口６まで誘導する配管１１とを有することが好ましい。
【００１９】
ガス供給手段は、例えばコンプレッサーで構成することが好ましい。また、貯蔵室１０内の焼却残渣を投入口６（口径：例えば２５ｍｍ程度）に移動させるため、ガス供給手段の吹付け力は、ガス圧にして０．２〜０．６ＭＰａの範囲とするのがより好適である。なお、焼却残渣は、破砕する必要がない粉状物であるため、前記吹付け力で炉内に容易に吹き込むことができる。また、吹込み装置３は、必要に応じて振動フィーダー（図示せず）を設けてもよい。
【００２０】
また、図１では、還元ガス化溶融炉２で焼却処理や前記溶融処理を行うことによって発生し回収した焼却残渣を、同一炉２で連続的に処理する場合の焼却残渣処理装置の一例を示しているため、還元ガス化溶融炉２と吹込み装置３との間には、さらに、還元ガス化溶融炉２内で発生した高温ガスを冷却する冷却塔１２と、冷却塔１２で冷却されることによって発生する焼却残渣を収集する少なくとも１個の収集手段１３、図１では２個のバグフィルタ１４ａ，１４ｂと、この収集手段１３によって収集された焼却残渣を吹込み装置３の貯蔵室１０へ移送する移送手段１５とを具えている。
【００２１】
移送手段１５は、収集手段１３によって収集した焼却残渣を、吹込み装置３の貯蔵室１０まで移送できる構成であればよく、特に限定はしないが、例えば、図１に示すように、密閉されたまたは防塵フード付きのコンベヤ１５で構成するか、あるいは、粉体輸送装置で構成することが好ましい。
【００２２】
また、本発明の焼却残渣の処理方法は、焼却残渣を１０００℃以上の高温液状物中に溶融（固溶）させることにあり、これによって、重金属等の有害物質の溶出や、ダイオキシンの発生を有効に抑制することができる。
【００２３】
なお、ここでいう「高温液状物」とは、例えば、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを焼却処理または溶融処理する還元ガス化溶融炉内で生成される１０００℃以上の溶融スラグや溶融メタルなどの溶融物が挙げられる。かかる溶融物の温度の上限は、炉を構成する耐火物の耐熱温度を考慮して、２６００℃とすることが好ましい。特に、溶融物の温度は、１０００〜１３２０℃であることがより好適である。
また、還元ガス化溶融炉は、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを溶融させる際に炉内で発生する、例えばＣＯ２やＨ２Ｏのような酸素含有ガスを還元して、例えばＣＯやＨ２のような還元ガス化させるため、炉内ガス中の残存酸素を０．５％以下とすることが好ましい。炉内ガス中の残存酸素を０．５％以下にする手段としては、例えば、図１に示すようにガス排出口９を炉頂ではなく、炉体下部に設けることによって、炉内ガスを酸化させずかつ高温で還元ガス化する方法を採用すればよい。
【００２４】
焼却残渣を還元ガス化溶融炉２で処理する場合の例を説明すると、回収した吹込み装置の貯蔵室に収納された焼却残渣は、吹込み装置のガス供給手段による吹付け力によって、還元ガス化溶融炉２の投入口６から、溶融スラグや溶融メタルがシャワーのごとく滴下している炉内の領域である滴下層、またはその滴下層よりも下方に存在する溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滞留する溶融物層中に吹き込んで溶融させればよく、これによって、焼却残渣が大気中に飛散したり揮発することがなく、スラグやメタル中に固溶し、安定した組成の物質となって、炉下部に貯留され、出滓口や出銑口から外部に安定した物質のまま流出し、外気あるいは水で冷却されて安定した物質の固溶体となる結果、焼却残渣に含まれていた有害物質が溶出することがなく、また、ダイオキシンの発生が効果的に抑制される。
【００２５】
さらに言えば、焼却残渣のうち特に飛灰の処理方法として、還元ガス化溶融炉の炉頂を含む原料投入口や、炉内のガス流れもしくは炉の排ガス中に戻して再溶融させる手段も考えられるが、かかる手段を用いて飛灰を処理すると、多少の処理（投入した飛灰量の１〜３％程度の処理）は可能であるものの、投入した大部分の飛灰はガス流れに乗って飛散し、再び排ガス系のバグフィルター等の収集手段で再収集されることになり、再収集された飛灰中の重金属は、再収集されるごとに濃縮されるため、最終的にはキレート固化等を行って埋立て場所である最終処分場で処理するしかなかった。
【００２６】
かかる手段を用いた場合に飛灰の処理効率が低いのは、特に飛灰の投入が高温で溶融していない固体の上や中であるため、飛灰が飛散しやすいためであると考えられる。
【００２７】
これに対して、この発明の焼却残渣の処理方法は、高温で溶融した溶融物中に飛灰等の焼却残渣を吹き込む構成を採用しているため、飛灰の飛散等が起こらないため、飛灰を含む焼却残渣の処理効率は格段に高くできるのである。
【００２８】
なお、ここでいう滴下層は、溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滴下する炉内の領域である滴下層、またはその滴下層よりも下方に存在する溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滞留する溶融物層中に吹き込んで溶融させることによって、焼却残渣が大気中に飛散したり揮発することがなく、スラグやメタル中に固溶し、安定した組成の物質となって、炉下部に貯留され、出滓口や出銑口から外部に安定した物質のまま流出し、外気あるいは水で冷却されて安定した物質の固溶体となる。
【００２９】
また、本発明で用いる還元ガス化溶融炉は、炉内ガスを還元ガス化する炉であるため、本発明の方法で焼却残渣を処理する場合には、この処理と同時に、この還元ガス化させた炉内ガスによって、焼却残渣に含まれる鉄酸化物などの金属酸化物を金属に還元することが好ましい。加えて、還元ガス化させた炉内ガスは、炉内に投入される各種廃棄物中に含まれる金属酸化物も金属に還元することもできる。
【００３０】
上述したところは、この発明の実施形態の一例を示したにすぎず、請求の範囲において種々の変更を加えることができる。
【００３１】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の焼却残渣の処理装置を用いて、焼却残渣である飛灰、焼却灰、不燃物を溶融し、メタルやスラグ中に固溶させたときのスラグ中に含有する有害物質（重金属）量と、スラグから溶出する有害物質量の分析結果を表１に示す。
【００３２】
なお、スラグ中に含有する有害物質（重金属）量は、カドミウムおよび鉛をＩＰＣ法によって、６価クロムおよびヒ素を吸光光度法によって、総水銀を原子吸光光度法によって、そして、セレンを水素化物発生−原子吸光光度法によって、それぞれ分析したときの濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）であり、また、スラグから溶出する有害物質量はいずれも、環告４６号に従って溶出試験を行ったときの溶出濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）である。
【００３３】
【表１】

Figure 2004125347
【００３４】
表１に示す結果から、この発明の処理装置で処理したスラグは、鉛や６価クロムを多く含有するものの、これらの有害物質はスラグからの溶出がほとんど認められなかった。また、本発明の処理装置を構成する還元ガス化溶融炉から排出されるダイオキシンの濃度も測定したが、０．１ｎｇ−ＴＥＱ／ｍ３以下であった。
【００３５】
また、このとき、炉内で発生するガス中の残存酸素は０．５％以下の範囲であり、投入した金属酸化物の５０％以上が金属に還元された。
比較のため、従来炉である酸化燃焼溶融炉で上記と同様の処理をしたところ、炉内で発生するガス中の残存酸素は３〜２１％の範囲であり、投入した金属酸化物は全く還元されなかった。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、重金属等の有害物質の溶出やダイオキシンの発生がほとんど生じない焼却残渣の処理装置及びその処理方法の提供が可能になった。さらに、溶融メタルや溶融スラグを再資源化することが可能であるので、従来の焼却残渣処理法のように、埋立て場所である最終処分場を不要とすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の焼却残渣処理装置の概略正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１　焼却残渣処理装置
２　還元ガス化溶融炉
３　吹込み装置
４　投入物
５　炉体
６　投入口
７　炉体下部
８　炉頂
９　ガス排出口
１０　貯蔵室
１１　配管
１２　冷却塔
１３　収集手段
１４ａ，１４ｂ　バグフィルタ
１５　移送手段
１６　排気塔[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device and a method for treating incineration residues generated when incineration or melting of general waste or industrial waste. The “incineration residue” mentioned here specifically includes dust and incombustibles in addition to incineration ash, fly ash and dust ash.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it has been known that most (about 90%) of dioxin is generated by incineration of refuse, that is, general waste including general waste and industrial waste.
[0003]
The dioxin generated during this incineration is usually 6% in incinerated ash, 5% in exhaust gas, and 89% in fly ash.
[0004]
Fly ash, incinerated ash, incombustibles, and the like containing harmful substances such as heavy metals are used for landfilling by adding a chelating agent (for example, New Polpa 800 made of Miyoshi oil and fat) and cement to solidify. It is common.
[0005]
At this time, in order to prevent the sewage containing harmful substances in the treated material from directly penetrating into the underground, in the place where the treated material is landfilled, for example, a thick rubber sheet is spread over the landfill, and A nonwoven fabric (for example, urethane) is placed, and mortar is sprayed in some places.
[0006]
However, after putting the treated material in the landfill, the rubber sheet or the like may be damaged by heavy equipment or the like that applies residual soil thereon, or the rubber sheet or the like may be damaged by weathering deterioration such as wind and rain. May expose heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, and selenium, and dioxins, etc., and may elute into the underground. This is undesirable because it causes environmental pollution such as soil pollution and groundwater vein pollution.
[0007]
Therefore, in the conventional chelate solidification treatment and cement solidification treatment, heavy metals and dioxins may be exposed or eluted, and in addition, there is a serious problem that the presence of a final landfill disposal site is indispensable.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to dissolve incineration residues generated when incinerating or melting general waste or industrial waste into a high-temperature liquid material such as molten slag or molten metal, thereby forming a heavy metal. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incineration residue treatment apparatus and a treatment method thereof, which effectively suppress elution of harmful substances such as dioxins and generation of dioxins.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the incineration residue treatment device of the present invention has a furnace body lower part provided with at least one tuyere or an inlet of a blow port, and melts general waste and industrial waste. A reduction gasification and melting furnace for reducing and gasifying an oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace, and fly ash generated by performing the incineration treatment and the melting treatment in the reduction gasification and melting furnace or a furnace different from the furnace. And a blowing device for collecting incineration residues such as incineration ash and the like, and directly charging the collected incineration residues into the reduction gasification and melting furnace through the charging port.
[0010]
Further, the blowing device is, specifically, a storage chamber for storing the incineration residue, gas supply means for blowing the incineration residue of the storage chamber to the outside, and the charging of the reducing gasification and melting furnace extending from the storage chamber. It is preferable to have a pipe that is connected to the port and guides the incineration residue of the storage chamber to the charging port by the spraying force of the gas supply means.In addition, between the reducing gasification melting furnace and the blowing device, A cooling tower for cooling the high-temperature gas generated in the reduction gasification melting furnace, at least one collecting means for collecting incineration residues generated by being cooled by the cooling tower, and incineration collected by the collecting means It is more preferable to further have a transfer means for transferring the residue to the storage room of the blowing device.
[0011]
The method for treating incineration residues of the present invention melts incineration residues such as fly ash and incineration ash generated when general or industrial wastes are incinerated or melted in a high-temperature liquid material at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher. To make it happen.
[0012]
Further, the high-temperature liquid substance specifically has a furnace body lower part provided with an inlet for at least one tuyere or a blowing port, and melts general waste, industrial waste, and the like in the furnace. It is preferably a molten slag or a molten metal generated in a reducing gasification melting furnace for reducing the generated oxygen-containing gas into a reducing gas.
[0013]
Furthermore, the incineration residue is formed in the dropping layer, which is a region in the furnace where the molten slag or the molten metal is dropped from the charging port, or in the molten layer in which the molten slag or the molten metal existing below the dropped layer is retained. It is more preferable to blow and melt.
In addition, it is more preferable to reduce a metal oxide such as an iron oxide contained in the incineration residue to a metal by using a reducing gas in the furnace.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of an apparatus for treating incineration residues according to the present invention.
[0015]
The incineration residue treatment apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is mainly constituted by a reduction gasification and melting furnace 2 and a blowing device 3.
[0016]
The reduction gasification / melting furnace 2 is a coke bed type reduction gasification / melting furnace for melting an input material 4 such as general waste and industrial waste and converting the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace into a reduction gas. The furnace body 5 has a furnace body lower part 7 provided with at least one tuyere or blowing port inlet 6, and in FIG. 1, a furnace top 8 for inserting the charge 4 into the furnace. And a gas outlet 9 for discharging high-temperature gas generated by the incineration of the charge 4, which is preferably located on the side of the furnace body 2.
The "furnace lower part" here means a lower part of the furnace body including the furnace bottom having the inlet 6, the morning glory, and the belly of the furnace.
[0017]
The blowing device 3 collects incineration residues such as fly ash and incineration ash generated by performing the incineration process or the melting process in the reduction gasification / melting furnace 2 or a furnace (not shown) different from the furnace 2. Then, the collected incineration residue is introduced into the reduction gasification / melting furnace 2 through the introduction port 6.
[0018]
Specifically, the blowing device 3 includes, for example, a storage room 10 for storing the incineration residue, gas supply means (not shown) for blowing the incineration residue of the storage room 10 to the outside, and a storage room 10. It is preferable to have a pipe 11 which is connected to the input port 6 of the extending reduction gasification and melting furnace 2 and guides the incineration residue of the storage room 10 to the input port 6 by the spraying force of the gas supply means.
[0019]
The gas supply means is preferably constituted by, for example, a compressor. Further, in order to move the incineration residue in the storage room 10 to the inlet 6 (diameter: for example, about 25 mm), the blowing force of the gas supply means should be in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 MPa in gas pressure. Is more preferable. Since the incineration residue is a powder that does not need to be crushed, it can be easily blown into the furnace by the spraying force. Further, the blowing device 3 may be provided with a vibration feeder (not shown) as necessary.
[0020]
FIG. 1 shows an example of an incineration residue processing apparatus in which incineration residues generated and collected by performing the incineration treatment or the melting treatment in the reduction gasification and melting furnace 2 are continuously treated in the same furnace 2. Therefore, between the reducing gasification / melting furnace 2 and the blowing device 3, the cooling tower 12 for cooling the high-temperature gas generated in the reduction gasification / melting furnace 2 and the cooling tower 12 are further cooled. At least one collecting means 13 for collecting the incineration residue generated by the above, two bag filters 14a and 14b in FIG. 1, and the incineration residue collected by the collecting means 13 are transferred to the storage room 10 of the blowing device 3. Transfer means 15 for transferring.
[0021]
The transfer means 15 is not particularly limited as long as it can transfer the incineration residue collected by the collection means 13 to the storage room 10 of the blowing device 3, and is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, it is preferable to form a conveyor 15 with a dustproof hood or a powder transport device.
[0022]
In addition, the method for treating incineration residues of the present invention is to melt (solid-dissolve) the incineration residues in a high-temperature liquid material of 1000 ° C. or higher, whereby elution of harmful substances such as heavy metals and generation of dioxins are prevented. It can be suppressed effectively.
[0023]
The term "high-temperature liquid material" used herein refers to, for example, molten slag or molten metal at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher generated in a reduction gasification melting furnace for incinerating or melting general waste or industrial waste. And a melt thereof. The upper limit of the temperature of the melt is preferably 2600 ° C. in consideration of the heat resistant temperature of the refractory constituting the furnace. In particular, the temperature of the melt is more preferably 1000 to 1320 ° C.
Further, the reduction gasification melting furnace reduces oxygen-containing gas such as CO 2 or H 2 O generated in the furnace when melting general waste or industrial waste, for example, to reduce CO or H 2 O. In order to convert the gas into a reducing gas as described in 2 , it is preferable that the residual oxygen in the furnace gas is 0.5% or less. As a means for reducing the residual oxygen in the furnace gas to 0.5% or less, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the gas exhaust port 9 is provided not at the furnace top but at the lower part of the furnace body to oxidize the furnace gas. It is sufficient to adopt a method of performing reduction gasification at a high temperature without causing such reduction.
[0024]
An example of the case where the incineration residue is treated in the reduction gasification and melting furnace 2 will be described. The collected incineration residue stored in the storage room of the blowing device is reduced by the blowing force of the gas supply means of the blowing device. From the inlet 6 of the gasification and melting furnace 2, the molten slag and the molten metal which are in a region in the furnace where the molten slag and the molten metal are dropped like a shower, or the molten slag and the molten metal existing below the dripping layer stay. What is necessary is just to blow it into the melt layer and melt it, so that the incineration residue does not scatter or volatilize in the air, but forms a solid solution in the slag or metal, and becomes a material with a stable composition. It is stored in the lower part and flows out of the slag port or taphole as a stable substance to the outside, and is cooled by the outside air or water to become a solid solution of a stable substance.As a result, harmful substances contained in the incineration residue are eluted Don't do it Further, the generation of dioxin can be effectively suppressed.
[0025]
Furthermore, as a method of treating fly ash, particularly of incineration residues, a raw material input port including the furnace top of the reduction gasification and melting furnace, and a means for remelting by returning to the gas flow in the furnace or the exhaust gas of the furnace are also considered. However, when fly ash is treated using such a means, although some processing (processing of about 1 to 3% of the amount of fly ash put in) is possible, most of the fly ash put into the gas flow Will be collected again by collecting means such as an exhaust gas bag filter, and the heavy metals in the re-collected fly ash will be concentrated each time they are collected, and ultimately chelate. There was no choice but to solidify and treat it at the final disposal site, which is a landfill.
[0026]
It is considered that the reason why the processing efficiency of the fly ash is low when such a means is used is that the fly ash is liable to be scattered, particularly because the input of the fly ash is on or in a solid that is not melted at a high temperature. .
[0027]
On the other hand, the method for treating incineration residues of the present invention employs a configuration in which incineration residues such as fly ash are blown into a molten material melted at a high temperature. The treatment efficiency of incineration residues containing ash can be significantly improved.
[0028]
The dripping layer referred to here is a dripping layer that is a region in the furnace where the molten slag or molten metal is dropped, or blown into a molten layer in which the molten slag or molten metal existing below the dripping layer stays. The incineration residue does not scatter into the atmosphere or volatilize, but forms a solid solution in the slag or metal, becomes a substance with a stable composition, and is stored at the lower part of the furnace. The stable substance flows out of the pig iron as it is, and is cooled by the outside air or water to form a stable solid solution.
[0029]
In addition, since the reduction gasification and melting furnace used in the present invention is a furnace for reducing gas in the furnace, the incineration residue is treated by the method of the present invention. It is preferable to reduce metal oxides such as iron oxides contained in the incineration residue to metals by the furnace gas. In addition, the in-furnace gas that has been reduced and gasified can also reduce metal oxides contained in various kinds of waste introduced into the furnace to metals.
[0030]
What has been described above is merely an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and various changes can be made within the scope of the claims.
[0031]
【Example】
Next, using the incineration residue treatment apparatus of the present invention, the incineration residue fly ash, incineration ash, and incombustibles are melted, and harmful substances contained in the slag when dissolved in metal or slag ( Table 1 shows the analysis results of the amount of heavy metals and the amount of harmful substances eluted from the slag.
[0032]
The amount of harmful substances (heavy metals) contained in the slag was determined by cadmium and lead by the IPC method, hexavalent chromium and arsenic by the absorptiometry, total mercury by the atomic absorption spectroscopy, and selenium by the hydride generation. -The concentration (mg / L) when each was analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the amount of harmful substances eluted from the slag is the elution concentration (mg / L).
[0033]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004125347
[0034]
From the results shown in Table 1, although the slag treated by the treatment apparatus of the present invention contains a large amount of lead and hexavalent chromium, elution of these harmful substances from the slag was hardly observed. Further, the concentration of dioxin discharged from the reduction gasification and melting furnace constituting the treatment apparatus of the present invention was also measured, and was found to be 0.1 ng-TEQ / m 3 or less.
[0035]
At this time, the residual oxygen in the gas generated in the furnace was in the range of 0.5% or less, and 50% or more of the input metal oxide was reduced to metal.
For comparison, when the same treatment was performed in an oxidizing combustion melting furnace, which is a conventional furnace, the residual oxygen in the gas generated in the furnace was in the range of 3 to 21%, and the input metal oxide was completely reduced. Was not done.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the elution of the harmful substances, such as a heavy metal, and the generation | occurrence | production of the incineration residue which hardly generate | occur | produces dioxin, and the provision of the processing method became possible. Further, since the molten metal and the molten slag can be recycled, a final disposal site, which is a landfill, can be dispensed with as in the conventional incineration residue treatment method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an incineration residue treatment device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 incineration residue treatment device 2 reduction gasification and melting furnace 3 blowing device 4 input material 5 furnace body 6 inlet 7 furnace body lower part 8 furnace top 9 gas outlet 10 storage room 11 piping 12 cooling tower 13 collecting means 14a, 14b bug Filter 15 Transfer means 16 Exhaust tower

Claims (7)

少なくとも１個の羽口もしくは吹込口の投入口を設けた炉体下部を有し、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを溶融させ、炉内で発生する酸素含有ガスを還元ガス化させる還元ガス化溶融炉と、
この還元ガス化溶融炉又はこの炉とは異なる炉で前記焼却処理や前記溶融処理を行うことによって発生した飛灰や焼却灰などの焼却残渣を回収し、この回収した焼却残渣を前記投入口を通じて前記還元ガス化溶融炉内へ直接投入する吹込み装置と、
を具えることを特徴とする焼却残渣の処理装置。Reducing gasification, which has a lower furnace body with at least one tuyere or injection port, melts general waste and industrial waste, and converts the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace into reducing gas. A melting furnace;
Recover incineration residues such as fly ash and incineration ash generated by performing the incineration treatment or the melting treatment in this reduction gasification melting furnace or a furnace different from this furnace, and pass the collected incineration residue through the charging port. A blowing device that is directly charged into the reduction gasification and melting furnace,
A device for treating incineration residues, comprising: 吹込み装置は、
焼却残渣を収納する貯蔵室と、
該貯蔵室の焼却残渣を外部に向かって吹き付けるガス供給手段と、
貯蔵室から延び還元ガス化溶融炉の前記投入口に接続され、ガス供給手段による吹付け力によって貯蔵室の焼却残渣を前記投入口まで誘導する配管と、
を有する請求項１記載の焼却残渣の処理装置。The blowing device is
A storage room for storing incineration residues,
Gas supply means for blowing the incineration residue of the storage room to the outside,
A pipe extending from the storage chamber and connected to the input port of the reduction gasification and melting furnace, and guiding the incineration residue of the storage chamber to the input port by spraying force by gas supply means,
The incineration residue treatment device according to claim 1, comprising: 還元ガス化溶融炉と吹込み装置との間に、
還元ガス化溶融炉内で発生した高温ガスを冷却する冷却塔と、
該冷却塔で冷却されることによって発生する焼却残渣を収集する少なくとも１個の収集手段と、
この収集手段によって収集された焼却残渣を吹込み装置の貯蔵室へ移送する移送手段とをさらに有する請求項２記載の焼却残渣の処理装置。Between the reduction gasification melting furnace and the blowing device,
A cooling tower for cooling the high-temperature gas generated in the reduction gasification melting furnace,
At least one collecting means for collecting incineration residues generated by being cooled in the cooling tower;
3. The apparatus for treating incineration residues according to claim 2, further comprising a transfer means for transferring the incineration residues collected by said collection means to a storage room of the blowing device. 一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを焼却処理または溶融処理した際に発生する飛灰や焼却灰などの焼却残渣を、１０００℃以上の高温液状物中に溶融させることを特徴とする焼却残渣の処理方法。Disposal of incineration residues characterized by melting incineration residues such as fly ash and incineration ash generated when general and industrial wastes are incinerated or melted in high-temperature liquids of 1000 ° C or higher. Method. 前記高温液状物は、少なくとも１個の羽口もしくは吹込口の投入口を設けた炉体下部を有し、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物などを溶融させ、炉内で発生する酸素含有ガスを還元ガス化させる還元ガス化溶融炉内で生成される溶融スラグや溶融メタルである請求項４記載の焼却残渣の処理方法。The high-temperature liquid material has a lower portion of a furnace body provided with at least one tuyere or an inlet of a blow port, which melts general waste and industrial waste and reduces oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace. 5. The method for treating incineration residues according to claim 4, wherein the slag or molten metal is produced in a reducing gasification melting furnace for gasification. 焼却残渣は、前記投入口から、溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滴下する炉内の領域である滴下層、またはその滴下層よりも下方に存在する溶融スラグや溶融メタルが滞留する溶融物層中に吹き込んで溶融させる請求項５記載の焼却残渣の処理方法。The incineration residue is blown from the inlet into a dripping layer, which is a region in the furnace where the molten slag or molten metal is dropped, or into a molten layer in which the molten slag or molten metal existing below the dripping layer stays. The method for treating incineration residues according to claim 5, wherein the incineration residue is melted. 還元ガス化させた炉内ガスによって、焼却残渣に含まれる鉄酸化物などの金属酸化物を金属に還元する請求項５又６記載の焼却残渣の処理方法。The method for treating incineration residues according to claim 5 or 6, wherein metal oxides such as iron oxides contained in the incineration residues are reduced to metals by the in-furnace gas that has been reduced and gasified.
JP2002293637A 2002-10-07 2002-10-07 Device and method for treating incineration residue Pending JP2004125347A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107008731A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-04 山东知周环境科技有限公司 A kind for the treatment of of wastes with processes of wastes against one another disposing technique based on biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste
CN112207121A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-12 南京师范大学 Incineration fly ash grading thermal purification method and device based on carbothermic reduction

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107008731A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-04 山东知周环境科技有限公司 A kind for the treatment of of wastes with processes of wastes against one another disposing technique based on biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste
CN107008731B (en) * 2017-04-28 2023-07-07 山东知周环境科技有限公司 Waste treatment process based on biomass solid waste and hazardous waste
CN112207121A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-12 南京师范大学 Incineration fly ash grading thermal purification method and device based on carbothermic reduction
CN112207121B (en) * 2020-10-30 2023-11-21 南京师范大学 Graded thermal purification method and device for incineration fly ash based on carbothermic reduction

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