JP2004090172A - Throw away type drill - Google Patents

Throw away type drill Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004090172A
JP2004090172A JP2002255319A JP2002255319A JP2004090172A JP 2004090172 A JP2004090172 A JP 2004090172A JP 2002255319 A JP2002255319 A JP 2002255319A JP 2002255319 A JP2002255319 A JP 2002255319A JP 2004090172 A JP2004090172 A JP 2004090172A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cutting head
key
main body
tool
end surface
Prior art date
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JP2002255319A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaharu Takiguchi
滝口 正治
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Priority to JP2002255319A priority Critical patent/JP2004090172A/en
Publication of JP2004090172A publication Critical patent/JP2004090172A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a throw away type drill which firmly fixes a cutting head section and reduces stress during hole machining. <P>SOLUTION: A shaft section 15 projecting on the axial line on a tool body 2 side is disposed on a base end surface 5a of the cutting head section 5, and the base end surface 5a is provided with a pair of key sections 18 and 18 with a width varying as they extend from the shaft section 15 side toward the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head section 5. The tip surface 2a of the tool body 2 is provided with a receiving section 22 engaging with the shaft section 15, a slit 26 connecting with it, and a pair of body key grooves 24 and 24 engaging with the pair of key sections 18 and 18. The shaft section 15 of the cutting head section 5 is engaged with the receiving section 22 of the tool body 2, the key sections 18 and 18 are engaged with the body key grooves 24 and 24, and the base end surface 5a is butted on the tip surface 2a. In this state, a fastening bolt 30 penetrating slit 26 is fastened to fix the cutting head section 5 to the tool body 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、切刃を有する切削ヘッド部を工具本体に交換可能に装着できるようにしたスローアウェイ式ドリルに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、切刃を有する切削ヘッド部を工具本体に交換可能に装着できるようにしたスローアウェイ式ドリルとして、例えば実用新案登録第3054444号公報に記載されたものがある。
このスローアウェイ式ドリルは、ドリルの先端側領域からなる切削ヘッド部と工具シャンクの相互の連結部において、工具シャンクに弾性スリットを設け、弾性スリットの両側に対向する連結用の一対の凹面状固定壁とトルクを切削ヘッド部に伝達する一対のトルク伝導壁とをそれぞれ形成し、切削ヘッド部には工具シャンクの固定壁に係合する一対の凸面状固定壁と、工具シャンクのトルク伝導壁に嵌合する一対のトルク伝導壁とを有している。対向する凹面状固定壁の最小の間隔は凸面状固定壁の幅より広く設定されている。
【0003】
そして工具シャンクに切削ヘッド部を連結するに当たって、工具シャンクの凹面状固定壁の間隙に切削ヘッド部の凸面状固定壁を通過させるようにして両固定壁を同軸で直交させ、次に切削ヘッド部を工具本体の回転方向と逆方向に回転させると、工具シャンク部のトルク伝導壁に切削ヘッド部のトルク伝導壁が当接すると共に凸面状固定壁と凹面状固定壁とが結合する。両固定壁の結合は工具本体の弾性スリットを弾性変形させて広げつつ行い、これによって切削ヘッド部と工具シャンクとが弾性的に結合されることになる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような構造では切削ヘッド部と工具シャンク部の結合は弾性スリットによる弾性的な結合でのみ行われるために、両者の結合力が小さく、孔加工時に大きな切削負荷がかかると、切削ヘッド部がずれたり外れたりし易く、孔加工精度が低下したり、工具破損の原因になり易いために加工コストの増大につながるという問題がある。
本発明は、このような実情に鑑み、切削ヘッド部の着脱が容易で堅固に固定でき、且つ孔加工時の応力を軽減できるスローアウェイ式ドリルを提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、請求項1に記載した発明は、切刃が設けられた切削ヘッド部を工具本体に着脱可能に装着してなるスローアウェイ式ドリルにおいて、前記切削ヘッド部の基端面に、前記工具本体側に軸線上で突出する軸部を設け、前記基端面に、前記軸部側から切削ヘッド部の外周面に向かって延出すると共に幅が変化する一対のキー部またはキー溝を回転対称に設ける一方、前記工具本体の先端面に、前記軸部に嵌合する受け部と、これに連なるスリットとを設け、前記一対のキー部またはキー溝と嵌合する一対の本体キー溝または本体キー部を設け、前記切削ヘッド部の軸部と前記工具本体の受け部とを嵌合させると共に、前記キー部またはキー溝と前記本体キー溝または本体キー溝とを嵌合させ、前記基端面と前記先端面とを当接させた状態で、前記スリットを貫通する締結ボルトを締め込んで前記工具本体に前記切削ヘッド部を固定することを特徴とする。
【0006】
このように構成することで、工具本体に切削ヘッド部を固定するに当たり、前記軸部と受け部とを嵌合させることで工具本体と切削ヘッド部との回転軸線が合致し、各キー部または各キー溝と各本体キー溝または各本体キー部とを各々嵌合させることで工具本体と切削ヘッド部との回転方向の相対移動が規制される。そして、切削ヘッド部の基端面と工具本体の先端面とを当接させた状態で工具本体に締結ボルトを締め込むと、工具本体がスリットの間隙を縮小するように弾性変形し、軸部を受け部で締め付けて工具本体に切削ヘッド部を堅固に固定することが可能となる。
また、切削ヘッド部の基端面のキー部またはキー溝の幅を任意に変化させ、切削ヘッド部の基端面を拡大させて、工具本体の先端面と広い面積で当接させることが可能となる。
【0007】
請求項2に記した発明は、前記キー部または前記本体キー部の基端部が、その先端部よりも広く形成されていることを特徴とする。
このように構成することで、キー部または本体キー部の基端部の断面積を拡大することが可能となる。また、キー部の側面と切削ヘッド部の基端面との角度、または本体キー部の側面と工具本体の先端面との角度を鈍角とし、キー溝または本体キー溝の側面及び底面のなす角度を鈍角とすることが可能となる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面と共に説明する。
図1に示すように、本実施の形態によるスローアウェイ式ドリル(以下、ドリルということがある)1は、工具本体2がシャンク部3と刃部4とからなる略棒状に形成され、刃部4の先端には、テーパ状の先端面7に一対の切刃8を有するスローアウェイタイプの切削ヘッド部5が交換可能に装着されている。刃部4の外周面には、2つの切屑排出溝6,6及びそれらに隣接するランド部10,10がドリル本体の回転軸線Oを中心に対向して回転対称に形成されており、回転軸線O回りにねじれている。
【0009】
工具本体2の内部には、回転軸線Oに沿って、好ましくは同軸上に、工具本体2の基端側(同図においては下方側)から切削ヘッド部5に向かって油孔28が形成されている。この油孔28は切削ヘッド部5に到達しない途中位置で複数(本実施の形態においては2つ)に分岐され、各分岐油孔28a,28aはそれぞれ外周側に延びて切削ヘッド部5近傍のランド部10,10外周面に設けられた油溝28b,28bに開口している。
【0010】
図2に示すように、切削ヘッド部5において、各切屑排出溝6,6の回転方向(図中矢印Rで示す)を向く先端側の壁面と先端面7との各交差稜線部に一対の切刃8,8が形成されている。尚、切削ヘッド部5の外周面に設けられた凹面部5b,5bは前記油溝28b,28bの一部を構成するものである。
上述の基本構成を備えたドリル1は、図1に示すように、スローアウェイタイプの切削ヘッド部5に設けられた後述するキー部18及び軸部15と、工具本体2に設けられた後述する本体キー溝24及び受け部22とをそれぞれ嵌合させた状態で、工具本体2の受け部22を2分するように設けられたスリット26を締結ボルト30によって弾性変形させることで、軸部15を受け部22で締め付けて工具本体2に切削ヘッド部5を堅固に固定している。
【0011】
図3に示すように、切削ヘッド部5は、回転軸線Oの両側に回転対称に形成された一対のヘッドランド部10a,10aが設けられ、これらヘッドランド部10a,10aに隣接して略凹曲面状の一対の凹側面6a,6aが形成されている。ヘッドランド部10a,10aは前記ランド部10,10の一部を構成しており、凹側面6a,6aは切屑排出溝6,6の一部を構成している。
先端面7は回転軸線Oを中心とした概略テーパ状に形成され、回転軸線O付近から径方向外側に延びる一対の前記切刃8,8と、各切刃8の回転方向後方に順次設けられた逃げ面11とシンニング面12とを有している。尚、図中矢印Rは回転方向を示す。
【0012】
図4に示すように、切削ヘッド部5の先端面7の反対側の面である基端面5aには、基端面5aから回転軸線Oと同軸上に突出する軸部15が形成されると共に、軸部15の基端寄り(基端面5a寄り)の対向する周面から各々切削ヘッド部5の外周面に至る部位に渡って径方向で延びる一対のキー部18,18が形成されている。
ここで、各キー部18は、その延設方向と直行する方向で、その先端部18Aの幅よりも基端部18Bの幅が広くなるように形成されている。また、キー部18の両側面18b,18bと切削ヘッド部5の基端面5aとの角度θ1、及びキー部18の両側面18b,18bとキー先端面18aとの角度θ2が、各々鈍角となるように形成されている。
そして、軸部15の基端面5aからの突出高さはキー部18のそれよりも高く、つまり軸部15の軸先端面15aはキー部18のキー先端面18aよりも工具本体2側に突出している。この軸部15の突出部分の前記キー部18,18方向に位置する周面を嵌合面16,16とする。
【0013】
また、図3に示すように、軸部15の周面の一部は凹側面6a,6aで切除されており、その切除部分に隣接する軸部15の周面が前記嵌合面16,16となる。そして、嵌合面16,16の基端面5a寄りの部位から各々径方向に延びるキー部18,18は、軸部15側から切削ヘッド部5の外周面側に向かうにつれて、その延設方向と直行する方向の幅を狭めるように形成されている。
【0014】
図5に示すように、工具本体2の刃部4には、切屑排出溝6,6に隣接して、回転軸線Oの両側に回転対称に形成された一対の本体ランド部10b,10bが設けられており、この本体ランド部10b,10bはヘッドランド部10a,10aと共にランド部10,10を構成している。尚、図中矢印Rは回転方向を示す。
【0015】
図6に示すように、工具本体2の先端面2aには、前記軸部15と嵌合可能な受け部22が回転軸線Oと同軸上に形成されると共に、受け部22の先端面2a寄りの対向する内周面から工具本体2の外周面に至る部位に渡って径方向で延びる、前記キー部18,18と嵌合可能な一対の本体キー溝24,24が形成されている。ここで、各本体キー溝24は、キー部18に対応して、その延設方向と直行する方向で、底部24Aの幅よりも開口部24Bの幅が広くなるように形成されている。また、本体キー溝24の両側面24b,24bと工具本体2の先端面2aとの角度θ3、及び本体キー溝24の両側面24b,24bと底面24aとの角度θ4が、各々鈍角となるように形成されている。
そして、受け部22の前記本体キー溝24,24方向に位置し、前記嵌合面16,16と整合する内周面を挟持面23,23とする。
【0016】
また、図5に示すように、受け部22の内周面の一部は切屑排出溝6,6で切除されており、その切除部分に隣接する受け部22の内周面が挟持面23,23となる。そして、挟持面23,23の先端面2a寄りの部位から各々径方向に延びる本体キー溝24,24は、前記キー部18,18に対応して、受け部22側から工具本体2の外周面側に向かうにつれて、その延設方向と直行する方向の幅を狭めるように形成されている。
【0017】
そして、受け部22の底面22aには、挟持面23,23間であって工具本体2の先端部分をその径方向で略線対称に2分するように、つまり回転軸線O上にスリット26が形成されている。
このスリット26によって、工具本体2の先端部分は一対のハーフ部32A,32Bに分割される。ハーフ部32Aには締結ボルト30のヘッド受け部9aを有する挿通孔9がスリット26と回転軸線O付近で直交するように径方向で貫通形成されており、ハーフ部32Bには締結ボルト30を締め込むためのねじ部29が挿通孔9の延長線上に貫通形成されている。
これらハーフ部32A,32Bはスリット26の間隔を増減するように弾性変形可能とされ、切削ヘッド部5の固定時には締結ボルト30を締め込むことによって互いに接近するように弾性変形する。
【0018】
ここで、締結ボルト30は、本体キー溝24,24の延設方向と略平行に配置されており、切削ヘッド部5の固定時に締結ボルト30を締め込んで各ハーフ部32A,32Bを弾性変形させると、工具本体2の外周面側の幅が狭い各本体キー溝24の側面24bが、切削ヘッド部5の各キー部18の側面18bに接近することとなる。このとき、軸部15の嵌合面16,16を受け部22の挟持面23,23で挟み込んで切削ヘッド部5を固定した状態で、本体キー溝24の側面24bとキー部18の側面18bとの間に隙が生じるように設定されており、本体キー溝24とキー部18とが楔作用で圧着してしまうことを防止している。
尚、スリット26の下端側には、スリット26の長さを短くすると共に弾性変形時の応力集中を避けるためのヌスミ部26aが形成されている。
【0019】
本実施の形態によるドリル1は上述の構成を有しており、次にこのドリル1の工具本体2に切削ヘッド部5を装着する手順について説明する。
まず、工具本体2に切削ヘッド部を、各回転軸線Oをほぼ一致させるように装着し、図7に示すように、切削ヘッド部5の軸部15を工具本体2の受け部22に嵌合させることで、切削ヘッド部5と工具本体2との回転軸線Oが合致し、且つ、切削ヘッド部5の各キー部18を工具本体2の各本体キー溝24に嵌合させることで、切削ヘッド部5と工具本体2との回転方向の相対移動が規制される。このとき、切削ヘッド部5の基端面5aと工具本体2の先端面2aとが当接した状態となる。
この状態で、切削ヘッド部5のヘッドランド部10a,10aは工具本体2の本体ランド部10b,10bに精密に重なり、ドリル1として切屑排出溝6,6とランド部10,10とが工具本体2から切削ヘッド部5まで滑らかに螺旋状に連結されて一体化される。
【0020】
最後に、図8に示すように、締結ボルト30を工具本体2の挿通孔9側からねじ部29に螺合させ締め付けると、ハーフ部32A,32Bがスリット26の下端側を固定端として工具本体2側の先端面2a側、つまりスリット26の開放端側が互いに接近するように弾性変形し、スリット26の間隙を縮小させる。そして、切削ヘッド部5の軸部15の各嵌合面16を工具本体2の受け部22の各挟持面23によって締め付けることで、工具本体2に切削ヘッド部5を堅固に固定することができる。
【0021】
このドリル1を用いて孔加工を行う場合、図示しない工作機械のスピンドル軸を介して工具本体2に伝達された駆動力が、各本体キー溝24及び各キー部18を介して切削ヘッド部5に伝達されて、ドリル1が回転軸線O回りに一体回転し、切刃8,8によって被削材の孔加工が行われる。切刃8で生成された切屑は切屑排出溝6を通して基端側に排出される。
【0022】
このとき、各キー部18が軸部15側から切削ヘッド部5の外周面側に向かうにつれてその幅を狭めるように形成されているため、キー部18が同一幅で形成されている場合と比べて基端面5aの面積が拡大し、工具本体2の先端面2aと広い面積で当接することとなる。つまり孔加工時の主分力であるスラスト荷重を支持する面積が増加することとなり、切削ヘッド部5の基端面5aと工具本体2の先端面2aとの当接部分にに発生する圧縮応力を軽減することができる。
また、各キー部18は、先端部18Aの幅よりも基端部18Bの幅が広くなるように形成されているため、キー部18が同一幅で形成されている場合と比べてドライブ荷重によってキー部18の基端部18Bに発生するせん断応力を軽減することができる。
さらに、キー部18の各側面18bと切削ヘッド部5の基端面5aとの角度θ1、及び本体キー溝24の各側面24bと底面24aとの角度θ4が、各々鈍角となるように形成されているため、キー部18の側面18bと基端面5aとの境界部分における応力集中、及び本体キー溝24の側面24bと底面24aとの境界部分における応力集中を軽減することができる。
したがって、ドリル1の耐久性を向上でき、特に切削ヘッド部5に比べて破損しやすい工具本体2の破損を有効に防止できる。
【0023】
加工によって切刃8が摩耗したり欠損して交換が必要な場合には、上述の装着工程と逆の手順で切削ヘッド部5を取り外し、他の切削ヘッド部5を上述と同一の手順で装着すれば良い。
【0024】
上述のように本実施の形態によれば、切削ヘッド部5を工具本体2に堅固に固定することができ、ドリル1による孔加工時に高い負荷が切刃8を通して切削ヘッド部5にかかっても切削ヘッド部5がずれたり外れたりすることがなく、振動を抑えて孔加工精度が精密である上に工具寿命を向上させることができる。また、スラスト荷重及びドライブ荷重による応力及び応力集中を軽減して、ドリル1の耐久性を向上させることができる。
【0025】
次に、上記実施の形態の変形例を、図9、図10に基づいて説明する。
ここで、この変形例におけるドリル101は、切削ヘッド部105に前記本体キー溝24に相当するキー溝124を設け、工具本体102に前記キー部18に相当する本体キー部118を設けたものである。尚、以下の具体的な説明では、上記実施の形態と同一部分に同一符号を付して説明は省略する。
【0026】
図10に示すように、切削ヘッド部105の基端面105aには、軸部15の基端近傍の対向する部位から各々切削ヘッド部105の外周面に至る部位に渡って径方向で延びる一対のキー溝124,124が凹設され、工具本体102の先端面102aには、受け部22の近傍から工具本体102の外周面に至る部位に渡って径方向で延びる、前記各キー溝124と嵌合可能な一対の本体キー部118,118が凸設されている。
【0027】
ここで、各キー溝124は、前記本体キー溝24と同様、その延設方向と直行する方向で底部の幅よりも開口部の幅が広くなるように形成されると共に、キー溝124の各側面及び底面がなす角度が鈍角となるように形成されている。また、各本体キー部118は、前記キー部18と同様、キー溝124に対応して、その延設方向と直行する方向で先端部の幅よりも基端部の幅が広くなるように形成されると共に、本体キー部118の各側面と工具本体102の先端面102aとの角度が鈍角となるように形成されている。
【0028】
そして、図9に示すように、キー溝124,124は、軸部15側から切削ヘッド部105の外周面側に向かうにつれて、その延設方向と直行する方向の幅を狭めるように形成されており、本体キー部118,118は、前記キー溝124,124に対応して、受け部22側から工具本体102の外周面側に向かうにつれて、その延設方向と直行する方向の幅を狭めるように形成されている。
【0029】
上記変形例におけるドリル101においても、切削ヘッド部105を工具本体102に堅固に固定することができ、切削ヘッド部105がずれたり外れたりすることがなく、振動を抑えて孔加工精度が精密である上に工具寿命を向上させることができる。 また、スラスト荷重及びドライブ荷重による応力及び応力集中を軽減して、ドリル101の耐久性を向上させることができる。
【0030】
尚、本発明は上記実施の形態に限られるものではなく、例えば、キー部18及び本体キー溝24、またはキー溝124及び本体キー部118が、軸部15側に向かうにつれて狭まるように形成してもよい。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項1に係る発明によれば、切削ヘッド部の基端面に、工具本体側に軸線上で突出する軸部を設け、前記基端面に、前記軸部側から切削ヘッド部の外周面に向かって延出すると共に幅が変化する一対のキー部またはキー溝を回転対称に設ける一方、工具本体の先端面に、前記軸部に嵌合する受け部と、これに連なるスリットとを設け、前記一対のキー部またはキー溝と嵌合する一対の本体キー溝または本体キー部を設け、切削ヘッド部の軸部と工具本体の受け部とを嵌合させると共に、前記キー部またはキー溝と前記本体キー溝または本体キー溝とを嵌合させ、前記基端面と前記先端面とを当接させた状態で、前記スリットを貫通する締結ボルトを締め込んで工具本体に切削ヘッド部を固定するため、工具本体に締結ボルトを締め込むと工具本体がスリットの間隙を縮小するように弾性変形し、軸部を受け部で締め付けて工具本体に切削ヘッド部を堅固に固定することが可能となり、孔加工時等に両者がずれたりすることがなく振動を抑えて高精度な加工を行えて長寿命が得られる。
【0032】
また、切削ヘッド部の基端面のキー部またはキー溝の幅を任意に変化させ、切削ヘッド部の基端面を拡大させて、工具本体の先端面と広い面積で当接させることが可能となり、孔加工時のスラスト荷重による圧縮応力を軽減して耐久性を向上できる。
【0033】
さらに、請求項2に記載の発明によれば、キー部または本体キー部の基端部の面積を拡大することが可能となり、孔加工時のドライブ荷重によるせん断応力を軽減して耐久性をより一層向上できる。そして、キー部の側面と切削ヘッド部の基端面との角度、または本体キー部の側面と工具本体の先端面との角度を鈍角とし、キー溝または本体キー溝の側面及び底面がなす角度を鈍角とすることが可能となり、キー部または本体キー部における応力集中、及び本体キー溝またはキー溝における応力集中を軽減し破損を防止して耐久性を向上できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態におけるスローアウェイ式ドリルの正面図である。
【図2】図1の平面図である。
【図3】切削ヘッド部の平面図である。
【図4】図3の正面図である。
【図5】工具本体の先端部分の平面図である。
【図6】図5の正面図である。
【図7】工具本体に切削ヘッド部を装着した状態を示す平面図である。
【図8】図8の正面図である。
【図9】この実施の形態の変形例を示す図7に相当する平面図である。
【図10】図9の正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1,101 スローアウェイ式ドリル
2,102 工具本体
2a,102a 先端面
5,105 切削ヘッド部
5a,105a 基端面
15 軸部
18 キー部
118 本体キー部
22 受け部
24 本体キー溝
124 キー溝
26 スリット
30 締結ボルト
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a throw-away drill in which a cutting head having a cutting blade can be exchangeably mounted on a tool body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a throw-away type drill in which a cutting head having a cutting blade can be exchangeably mounted on a tool body, there is one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 3054444.
This indexable drill has an elastic slit in the tool shank at the interconnecting portion between the cutting head and the tool shank, which is the tip side region of the drill, and a pair of concave fixings for connection opposite to both sides of the elastic slit. A wall and a pair of torque conducting walls for transmitting torque to the cutting head portion are formed, and the cutting head portion has a pair of convex fixed walls engaging with a fixed wall of the tool shank and a torque conducting wall of the tool shank. And a pair of fitted torque conducting walls. The minimum distance between the opposed concave fixed walls is set wider than the width of the convex fixed walls.
[0003]
Then, in connecting the cutting head to the tool shank, the two fixed walls are coaxially perpendicular to each other so that the convex fixed wall of the cutting head passes through the gap between the concave fixed walls of the tool shank. Is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the tool body, the torque transmission wall of the cutting head portion comes into contact with the torque transmission wall of the tool shank portion, and the convex fixed wall and the concave fixed wall are joined. The connection between the two fixed walls is performed while the elastic slit of the tool body is elastically deformed and expanded, whereby the cutting head and the tool shank are elastically connected.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a structure, the connection between the cutting head and the tool shank is performed only by the elastic connection using the elastic slits. There is a problem that the parts are easily displaced or detached, the hole machining accuracy is reduced, and the tool is liable to be damaged, which leads to an increase in machining cost.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a throw-away type drill in which a cutting head portion can be easily attached and detached, can be firmly fixed, and can reduce stress during drilling.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an invention according to claim 1 is a throw-away type drill in which a cutting head provided with a cutting blade is detachably attached to a tool body, and a base end face of the cutting head is provided. A pair of key portions or keys extending from the shaft portion side toward the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head portion and having a variable width, the shaft portion protruding on the axis line being provided on the tool body side; A groove is provided rotationally symmetrically, and a receiving portion fitted to the shaft portion and a slit connected to the receiving portion are provided on the distal end surface of the tool body, and a pair of main bodies fitted to the pair of key portions or the key grooves are provided. A key groove or a main body key portion is provided, and a shaft portion of the cutting head portion is fitted to a receiving portion of the tool main body, and the key portion or the key groove is fitted to the main body key groove or the main body key groove. , The proximal end surface and the distal end surface The being in contact, characterized in that for fixing the cutting head portion to the tool body by tightening the fastening bolts passing through the slit.
[0006]
With this configuration, in fixing the cutting head to the tool main body, the axis of rotation of the tool main body and the cutting head unit are matched by fitting the shaft portion and the receiving portion, and each key portion or By fitting each key groove and each main body key groove or each main body key portion, relative movement of the tool main body and the cutting head portion in the rotation direction is regulated. Then, when the fastening bolt is tightened into the tool body in a state where the base end surface of the cutting head portion and the distal end surface of the tool body are in contact with each other, the tool body is elastically deformed so as to reduce the gap of the slit, and the shaft portion is deformed. The cutting head portion can be firmly fixed to the tool body by being tightened at the receiving portion.
In addition, it is possible to arbitrarily change the width of the key portion or the key groove on the base end surface of the cutting head portion, enlarge the base end surface of the cutting head portion, and contact the front end surface of the tool body with a large area. .
[0007]
The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that a base end of the key portion or the main body key portion is formed wider than a tip end thereof.
With this configuration, it is possible to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the base portion of the key portion or the main body key portion. Also, the angle between the side surface of the key portion and the base end surface of the cutting head portion, or the angle between the side surface of the main body key portion and the front end surface of the tool main body is made obtuse, and the angle formed by the side surface and the bottom surface of the keyway or the main body keyway is set. An obtuse angle can be obtained.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, in a throw-away type drill (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a drill) 1 according to the present embodiment, a tool main body 2 is formed in a substantially rod shape including a shank portion 3 and a blade portion 4. A cutting head unit 5 of a throw-away type having a pair of cutting blades 8 on a tapered front end surface 7 is replaceably mounted at the front end of 4. On the outer peripheral surface of the blade 4, two chip discharge grooves 6, 6 and lands 10, 10 adjacent thereto are formed symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis O of the drill body so as to face each other. Twisted around O.
[0009]
An oil hole 28 is formed inside the tool main body 2 along the rotation axis O, preferably coaxially, from the base end side (the lower side in the figure) of the tool main body 2 toward the cutting head 5. ing. The oil hole 28 is branched into a plurality (two in the present embodiment) at an intermediate position where the oil hole 28 does not reach the cutting head portion 5, and each of the branched oil holes 28 a extends to the outer peripheral side and extends near the cutting head portion 5. The land portions 10, 10 are open to oil grooves 28b, 28b provided on the outer peripheral surface.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the cutting head 5, a pair of ridges at each intersection between a wall surface on the tip side facing the rotation direction (indicated by an arrow R in the drawing) of each of the chip discharge grooves 6 and 6 and the tip surface 7. Cutting blades 8, 8 are formed. The concave portions 5b, 5b provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head 5 constitute a part of the oil grooves 28b, 28b.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drill 1 having the above-described basic configuration includes, as shown in FIG. 1, a key portion 18 and a shaft portion 15, which will be described later, provided on the throw-away type cutting head portion 5, and a drill portion, which will be described later, provided on the tool body 2. In a state where the main body key groove 24 and the receiving portion 22 are fitted respectively, the slit 26 provided to divide the receiving portion 22 of the tool main body 2 into two parts is elastically deformed by the fastening bolt 30 so that the shaft portion 15 is formed. The cutting head 5 is firmly fixed to the tool body 2 by being tightened by the receiving portion 22.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 3, the cutting head unit 5 is provided with a pair of rotationally symmetrical head lands 10a, 10a on both sides of the rotation axis O, and is substantially concave adjacent to these head lands 10a, 10a. A pair of curved concave side surfaces 6a, 6a are formed. The head lands 10a, 10a constitute a part of the lands 10, 10, and the concave side surfaces 6a, 6a constitute a part of the chip discharge grooves 6, 6.
The tip surface 7 is formed in a substantially tapered shape with the rotation axis O as a center, and is provided in a pair of the cutting blades 8, 8 extending radially outward from the vicinity of the rotation axis O, and sequentially provided behind the respective cutting edges 8 in the rotation direction. It has a flank 11 and a thinning surface 12. The arrow R in the drawing indicates the direction of rotation.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 4, a shaft portion 15 that protrudes coaxially with the rotation axis O from the base surface 5 a is formed on a base surface 5 a, which is a surface opposite to the front surface 7 of the cutting head 5. A pair of key portions 18, 18 extending in the radial direction from the opposing peripheral surfaces near the base end of the shaft portion 15 (near the base end surface 5 a) to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head portion 5 are formed.
Here, each key portion 18 is formed such that the width of the base end portion 18B is wider than the width of the distal end portion 18A in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction. The angle θ1 between the side surfaces 18b, 18b of the key portion 18 and the base end surface 5a of the cutting head portion 5 and the angle θ2 between the side surfaces 18b, 18b of the key portion 18 and the key end surface 18a are obtuse angles. It is formed as follows.
The protruding height of the shaft portion 15 from the base end surface 5a is higher than that of the key portion 18, that is, the shaft front end surface 15a of the shaft portion 15 protrudes toward the tool body 2 more than the key front end surface 18a of the key portion 18. ing. The peripheral surfaces of the projecting portion of the shaft portion 15 located in the direction of the key portions 18 are referred to as fitting surfaces 16.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the peripheral surface of the shaft portion 15 is cut off by concave side surfaces 6a, 6a, and the peripheral surface of the shaft portion 15 adjacent to the cut portion is formed by the fitting surfaces 16, 16. It becomes. The key portions 18, 18 extending in the radial direction from the base surface 5 a of the fitting surfaces 16, 16, respectively, extend in the extending direction from the shaft portion 15 side toward the outer peripheral surface side of the cutting head portion 5. It is formed so as to narrow the width in the direction perpendicular to the direction.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of main body lands 10b, 10b, which are formed rotationally symmetrically on both sides of the rotation axis O, are provided on the blade 4 of the tool body 2 adjacent to the chip discharge grooves 6, 6. The main body land portions 10b, 10b constitute the land portions 10, 10 together with the head land portions 10a, 10a. The arrow R in the drawing indicates the direction of rotation.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 6, a receiving portion 22 that can be fitted to the shaft portion 15 is formed on the distal end surface 2 a of the tool main body 2 coaxially with the rotation axis O, and is closer to the distal end surface 2 a of the receiving portion 22. A pair of main body key grooves 24, 24 which can be fitted to the key portions 18, 18 are formed extending in a radial direction over a region from the opposed inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 2. Here, each main body keyway 24 is formed so that the width of the opening 24B is wider than the width of the bottom 24A in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction thereof, corresponding to the key portion 18. The angle θ3 between the side surfaces 24b, 24b of the main body key groove 24 and the tip end surface 2a of the tool main body 2 and the angle θ4 between the side surfaces 24b, 24b of the main body key groove 24 and the bottom surface 24a are obtuse angles. Is formed.
The inner peripheral surfaces of the receiving portion 22 which are located in the direction of the main body key grooves 24, 24 and are aligned with the fitting surfaces 16, 16 are referred to as holding surfaces 23, 23.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 5, a part of the inner peripheral surface of the receiving portion 22 is cut off by the chip discharge grooves 6, 6, and the inner peripheral surface of the receiving portion 22 adjacent to the cut portion is formed by the holding surface 23, 23. The main body key grooves 24, 24 extending in the radial direction from portions of the holding surfaces 23, 23 near the tip end surface 2a, respectively, correspond to the key portions 18, 18, and correspond to the outer peripheral surface of the tool main body 2 from the receiving portion 22 side. It is formed so that the width in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction becomes narrower toward the side.
[0017]
A slit 26 is formed on the bottom surface 22a of the receiving portion 22 so as to divide the tip portion of the tool main body 2 into two substantially symmetrically in the radial direction between the holding surfaces 23, 23, that is, on the rotation axis O. Is formed.
The slit 26 divides the tip portion of the tool main body 2 into a pair of half portions 32A and 32B. An insertion hole 9 having a head receiving portion 9a for the fastening bolt 30 is formed in the half portion 32A in a radial direction so as to be orthogonal to the slit 26 near the rotation axis O, and the fastening bolt 30 is fastened to the half portion 32B. A screw portion 29 is formed to extend through the insertion hole 9.
These half portions 32A and 32B are elastically deformable so as to increase or decrease the interval between the slits 26. When the cutting head portion 5 is fixed, the half portions 32A and 32B are elastically deformed so as to approach each other by tightening the fastening bolts 30.
[0018]
Here, the fastening bolts 30 are arranged substantially parallel to the direction in which the main body key grooves 24, 24 extend, and when the cutting head 5 is fixed, the fastening bolts 30 are tightened to elastically deform the half portions 32A, 32B. Then, the side surface 24b of each main body key groove 24 having a small width on the outer peripheral surface side of the tool main body 2 approaches the side surface 18b of each key portion 18 of the cutting head unit 5. At this time, the side surfaces 24b of the main body key groove 24 and the side surfaces 18b of the key portion 18 are held in a state where the cutting head portion 5 is fixed by sandwiching the fitting surfaces 16, 16 of the shaft portion 15 between the holding surfaces 23, 23 of the receiving portion 22. Is set so that a gap is formed between the main body key groove 24 and the key portion 18 by wedge action.
At the lower end of the slit 26, a slim portion 26a is formed to shorten the length of the slit 26 and to avoid concentration of stress during elastic deformation.
[0019]
The drill 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, a procedure for attaching the cutting head unit 5 to the tool body 2 of the drill 1 will be described.
First, the cutting head is mounted on the tool main body 2 so that the respective rotation axes O are substantially coincident with each other, and the shaft 15 of the cutting head 5 is fitted into the receiving portion 22 of the tool main body 2 as shown in FIG. By doing so, the rotation axis O of the cutting head part 5 and the tool main body 2 coincide with each other, and each key part 18 of the cutting head part 5 is fitted into each main body key groove 24 of the tool main body 2, thereby cutting. The relative movement of the head 5 and the tool body 2 in the rotation direction is restricted. At this time, the base end surface 5a of the cutting head 5 and the front end surface 2a of the tool main body 2 are in contact with each other.
In this state, the head lands 10a, 10a of the cutting head 5 precisely overlap the main body lands 10b, 10b of the tool body 2, and the chip discharge grooves 6, 6 and the lands 10, 10 as the drill 1 From 2 to the cutting head 5 are smoothly and spirally connected and integrated.
[0020]
Finally, as shown in FIG. 8, when the fastening bolt 30 is screwed into the screw portion 29 from the insertion hole 9 side of the tool body 2 and tightened, the half portions 32A and 32B are fixed with the lower end side of the slit 26 as a fixed end. The two distal end surfaces 2a, that is, the open ends of the slits 26 are elastically deformed so as to approach each other, and the gap between the slits 26 is reduced. The cutting head 5 can be firmly fixed to the tool main body 2 by tightening the respective fitting surfaces 16 of the shaft 15 of the cutting head 5 with the respective holding surfaces 23 of the receiving portions 22 of the tool main body 2. .
[0021]
When drilling is performed using the drill 1, the driving force transmitted to the tool main body 2 via a spindle shaft of a machine tool (not shown) is applied to the cutting head 5 via each main body keyway 24 and each key portion 18. , The drill 1 rotates integrally around the rotation axis O, and the cutting edges 8, 8 perform hole machining of the work material. The chips generated by the cutting blade 8 are discharged toward the base end through the chip discharge groove 6.
[0022]
At this time, since each key portion 18 is formed so as to decrease its width from the shaft portion 15 side toward the outer peripheral surface side of the cutting head portion 5, compared with the case where the key portions 18 are formed with the same width. As a result, the area of the base end face 5a increases, and the base end face 5a comes into contact with the tip end face 2a of the tool body 2 with a large area. In other words, the area for supporting the thrust load, which is the main component during drilling, is increased, and the compressive stress generated at the contact portion between the base end surface 5a of the cutting head 5 and the front end surface 2a of the tool body 2 is reduced. Can be reduced.
Further, since each key portion 18 is formed so that the width of the base end portion 18B is larger than the width of the distal end portion 18A, the key portion 18 is driven by a drive load as compared with the case where the key portions 18 are formed with the same width. The shear stress generated at the base end portion 18B of the key portion 18 can be reduced.
Further, an angle θ1 between each side surface 18b of the key portion 18 and the base end surface 5a of the cutting head portion 5 and an angle θ4 between each side surface 24b of the main body keyway 24 and the bottom surface 24a are formed to be obtuse angles. Therefore, the stress concentration at the boundary between the side surface 18b of the key portion 18 and the base end surface 5a and the stress concentration at the boundary between the side surface 24b and the bottom surface 24a of the main keyway 24 can be reduced.
Therefore, the durability of the drill 1 can be improved, and breakage of the tool body 2, which is more easily broken than the cutting head 5, can be effectively prevented.
[0023]
If the cutting blade 8 is worn or missing due to machining and needs to be replaced, the cutting head 5 is removed in a procedure reverse to the above-described mounting step, and another cutting head 5 is mounted in the same procedure as described above. Just do it.
[0024]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cutting head 5 can be firmly fixed to the tool main body 2, and even if a high load is applied to the cutting head 5 through the cutting blade 8 during drilling with the drill 1. The cutting head 5 does not shift or come off, vibrations are suppressed, the drilling accuracy is precise, and the tool life can be improved. Further, the stress and stress concentration due to the thrust load and the drive load can be reduced, and the durability of the drill 1 can be improved.
[0025]
Next, a modified example of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
Here, a drill 101 according to this modification is provided with a key groove 124 corresponding to the main body key groove 24 in the cutting head portion 105 and a main body key portion 118 corresponding to the key portion 18 in the tool main body 102. is there. In the following specific description, the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 10, the base end face 105 a of the cutting head portion 105 has a pair of radially extending portions extending from the opposing portion near the base end of the shaft portion 15 to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head portion 105. The key grooves 124, 124 are recessed, and are fitted to the key grooves 124, which extend in the radial direction from the vicinity of the receiving portion 22 to the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 102 on the distal end surface 102a of the tool body 102. A pair of main body key portions 118, 118 that can be combined are protruded.
[0027]
Here, similarly to the main body key groove 24, each key groove 124 is formed so that the width of the opening is wider than the width of the bottom in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the key groove 124 extends. The angle formed by the side surface and the bottom surface is obtuse. Each of the main body key portions 118 is formed so that the width of the base end portion is wider than the width of the front end portion in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction thereof, corresponding to the key groove 124, similarly to the key portion 18. At the same time, the angle between each side surface of the main body key portion 118 and the tip end surface 102a of the tool main body 102 is obtuse.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 9, the key grooves 124 are formed so as to decrease the width in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction as going from the shaft portion 15 side to the outer peripheral surface side of the cutting head portion 105. The main body key portions 118, 118 correspond to the key grooves 124, 124 so that the width in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction decreases from the receiving portion 22 side toward the outer peripheral surface side of the tool main body 102. Is formed.
[0029]
Also in the drill 101 in the above modification, the cutting head 105 can be firmly fixed to the tool main body 102, the cutting head 105 does not shift or come off, the vibration is suppressed, and the drilling accuracy is precise. In addition, the tool life can be improved. Further, the stress and stress concentration due to the thrust load and the drive load can be reduced, and the durability of the drill 101 can be improved.
[0030]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the key portion 18 and the main body key groove 24 or the key groove 124 and the main body key portion 118 are formed so as to become narrower toward the shaft portion 15 side. You may.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the base end surface of the cutting head portion is provided with a shaft portion projecting on the tool body side on the axis, and the cutting head is provided on the base end surface from the shaft portion side. A pair of key portions or key grooves, which extend toward the outer peripheral surface of the portion and change in width, are provided in a rotationally symmetric manner, and a receiving portion fitted to the shaft portion is provided on the distal end surface of the tool body, and is connected to the receiving portion. A slit is provided, a pair of main body key grooves or main body key portions are provided to be fitted with the pair of key portions or key grooves, and a shaft portion of the cutting head portion and a receiving portion of the tool main body are fitted together, and the key is provided. A part or a key groove is fitted to the main body key groove or the main body key groove, and in a state where the base end surface and the front end surface are in contact with each other, a fastening bolt passing through the slit is tightened to cut the tool body. Fastened to the tool body to fix the head When the tool is tightened, the tool body is elastically deformed so as to reduce the gap between the slits, and the shaft part can be tightened at the receiving part to firmly fix the cutting head to the tool body. Vibration is suppressed without displacement and high-precision machining can be performed, and a long life can be obtained.
[0032]
In addition, it is possible to arbitrarily change the width of the key portion or the key groove on the base end surface of the cutting head portion, enlarge the base end surface of the cutting head portion, and make it contact with the tip end surface of the tool body with a large area, Compressive stress due to a thrust load at the time of drilling can be reduced to improve durability.
[0033]
Furthermore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to increase the area of the base portion of the key portion or the main body key portion, reduce the shearing stress due to the drive load at the time of drilling, and improve the durability. Can be further improved. Then, the angle between the side surface of the key portion and the base end surface of the cutting head portion, or the angle between the side surface of the main body key portion and the tip end surface of the tool main body is made obtuse, and the angle formed by the side surface and the bottom surface of the key groove or the main body key groove is made. The obtuse angle can be set, and the stress concentration in the key portion or the main body key portion and the stress concentration in the main body keyway or the keyway can be reduced to prevent breakage and improve durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a throw-away drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a cutting head unit.
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a tip portion of the tool main body.
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which a cutting head is mounted on a tool body.
FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 7 and showing a modification of this embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a front view of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 101 throw-away drill 2, 102 tool body 2a, 102a tip surface 5, 105 cutting head portion 5a, 105a base end surface 15 shaft portion 18 key portion 118 main body key portion 22 receiving portion 24 main body key groove 124 key groove 26 slit 30 fastening bolts

Claims (2)

切刃が設けられた切削ヘッド部を工具本体に着脱可能に装着してなるスローアウェイ式ドリルにおいて、
前記切削ヘッド部の基端面に、前記工具本体側に軸線上で突出する軸部を設け、前記基端面に、前記軸部側から切削ヘッド部の外周面に向かって延出すると共に幅が変化する一対のキー部またはキー溝を回転対称に設ける一方、
前記工具本体の先端面に、前記軸部に嵌合する受け部と、これに連なるスリットとを設け、前記一対のキー部またはキー溝と嵌合する一対の本体キー溝または本体キー部を設け、
前記切削ヘッド部の軸部と前記工具本体の受け部とを嵌合させると共に、前記キー部またはキー溝と前記本体キー溝または本体キー溝とを嵌合させ、前記基端面と前記先端面とを当接させた状態で、前記スリットを貫通する締結ボルトを締め込んで前記工具本体に前記切削ヘッド部を固定することを特徴とするスローアウェイ式ドリル。
In a throw-away type drill in which a cutting head provided with a cutting blade is detachably attached to a tool body,
On the base end surface of the cutting head portion, a shaft portion protruding axially on the tool body side is provided, and the base portion extends from the shaft portion side toward the outer peripheral surface of the cutting head portion and changes in width. While providing a pair of key portions or keyways to be rotationally symmetrical,
On the distal end surface of the tool main body, a receiving portion fitted to the shaft portion and a slit connected thereto are provided, and a pair of main body key grooves or main body key portions to be fitted with the pair of key portions or key grooves are provided. ,
While fitting the shaft portion of the cutting head portion and the receiving portion of the tool body, fitting the key portion or the key groove with the body key groove or the body key groove, the base end surface and the distal end surface Wherein the cutting head is fixed to the tool body by tightening a fastening bolt penetrating the slit in a state where the cutting head is in contact with the drill.
前記キー部または前記本体キー部の基端部が、その先端部よりも広く形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスローアウェイ式ドリル。The indexable drill according to claim 1, wherein a base end of the key portion or the main body key portion is formed wider than a tip end thereof.
JP2002255319A 2002-08-30 2002-08-30 Throw away type drill Withdrawn JP2004090172A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002255319A JP2004090172A (en) 2002-08-30 2002-08-30 Throw away type drill

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002255319A JP2004090172A (en) 2002-08-30 2002-08-30 Throw away type drill

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004090172A true JP2004090172A (en) 2004-03-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002255319A Withdrawn JP2004090172A (en) 2002-08-30 2002-08-30 Throw away type drill

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2004090172A (en)

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