JP2004071472A - Drying device of coating sheet, and drying method of coating sheet - Google Patents

Drying device of coating sheet, and drying method of coating sheet Download PDF

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JP2004071472A
JP2004071472A JP2002231913A JP2002231913A JP2004071472A JP 2004071472 A JP2004071472 A JP 2004071472A JP 2002231913 A JP2002231913 A JP 2002231913A JP 2002231913 A JP2002231913 A JP 2002231913A JP 2004071472 A JP2004071472 A JP 2004071472A
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Prior art keywords
drying
sheet
coating film
coating
paint
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JP3953911B2 (en
Inventor
Takao Kuromiya
黒宮 孝雄
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying device and a drying method of a coating sheet capable of improving adhesiveness, and smoothness and productivity of a coating, in a coating sheet formed by applying a coating material to a sheet. <P>SOLUTION: This drying method is equipped with this drying device 5 as a drying means for drying an active material coating 4 as a coating of the coating material applied to a surface of a current collector 2 as the sheet and containing at least an active material as an inclusion, a binder and a solvent. The drying device 5 changes the drying environment of the collector 2 used as a drying object. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池、ニッケル水素二次電池といった電池電極板、セラミックグリーンシート、燃料電池の触媒層、プラズマディスプレイの誘電体層として用いられるような、塗膜シートの製造装置および製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
非水電解液を用いたリチウムイオン二次電池の電極板は、活物質粉末と結着剤および導電剤などとを有機溶媒または水に分散または溶解させて得られるペースト状の活物質塗料を、集電体となる金属箔上に、厚さ数十〜数百μmで塗布し、乾燥した後、圧延等の工程を経て製造されている。
【0003】
ここで、活物質塗料中の結着剤は、乾燥後の電極板において、活物質粉末同士の接着、および活物質粉末と集電体を接着する役割を担っている。乾燥条件によっては、乾燥後の電極板における結着剤の分布に、電極板の厚み方向で偏りが生じ、必要とする接着強度が得られず、電池の組立工程における活物質層の剥がれ、脱落、ひび割れなどの問題が発生する。このため、例えば、結着剤の添加量を増やすことで、電極板の接着強度を得る方法や、また、特開平9−134718号公報、特開平10−270013号公報、特開平10−270023号公報では、所望の膜厚の活物質層を形成するために、2回以上に分けて活物質層を塗布および乾燥することで、電極板の活物質層内の結着剤分布を均一にする、あるいは、集電体側の結着剤濃度を高める方法が提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、電池反応に直接寄与しない結着剤の添加量を増やす方法では、単位体積当たりの電池容量は低下してしまうため、近年、特に高容量化が要求されているリチウムイオン二次電池にとって望ましくない。また、結着剤の分布が一様になる代わりに、塗膜そのもの表面が粗くなってしまう場合があった。
【0005】
また、2回以上に分けて塗布および乾燥をすることで所望の膜厚の電極板を作製する方法では、複数の塗布部および乾燥部を備えた高価な塗工機が必要となる。あるいは、1つの塗布部および乾燥部を備えた通常の塗工機を用いる場合、一回目の塗布および乾燥を行った電極板を、一旦、巻取った後、再び、塗布および乾燥させるため、生産性が低くなってしまう。また、この場合も、結着剤の分布が一様になる代わりに、塗膜そのものの表面が粗くなってしまう場合があった。
【0006】
本発明は、上述の従来の技術の有する課題を考慮して、塗料内に含まれる結着剤を均一化してシートに塗布することができるような塗膜シートの乾燥装置および乾燥方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
また、本発明は、塗布により形成される塗膜が均一化できる塗膜シートの乾燥装置および乾燥方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
また、本発明は、生産性を高めた塗膜シートの乾燥装置および乾燥方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、第1の本発明は、シート上に塗布された、少なくとも被含有物、結着剤および溶媒を含有する塗料の塗膜を乾燥する乾燥手段を備え、
前記乾燥手段は、前記乾燥の対象となるシートの乾燥環境を変化させる塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0010】
また、第2の本発明は、前記変化は、前記乾燥工程の一部において、前記乾燥環境を、従前の状態より乾燥力が弱くなる状態へ移行する変化を含むものである第1の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0011】
また、第3の本発明は、前記変化は、前記塗膜に含有される前記溶媒の量に応じて行なわれる第1の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0012】
また、第4の本発明は、前記乾燥環境の変化は、乾燥雰囲気の温度、風速、前記塗膜の温度、前記乾燥雰囲気の溶媒蒸気濃度の全部または一部を変化させるものである第1の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0013】
また、第5の本発明は、シートの一方の面上に塗布された塗料の塗膜を、前記一方の面側から乾燥する乾燥手段と、
前記シートの前記塗膜が塗布されていない面を加熱する加熱手段とを備えた塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0014】
また、第6の本発明は、前記加熱手段は、熱風により前記加熱を行う第5の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0015】
また、第7の本発明は、塗料が塗布されたシートを予熱する予熱手段と、
前記シート上に塗布された前記塗料の塗膜を乾燥する乾燥手段とを備え、
前記予熱手段は、前記塗料に含まれる溶媒が蒸発しない程度の温度で前記予熱を行う塗膜シートの乾燥装置である。
【0016】
また、第8の本発明は、シート上に塗布された、少なくとも被含有物、結着剤および溶媒を含有する塗料の塗膜を乾燥する工程を備え、
前記乾燥の工程において、前記乾燥の対象となるシートの乾燥環境を変化させる塗膜シートの乾燥方法である。
【0017】
また、第9の本発明は、前記変化は、前記乾燥工程の一部において、前記乾燥環境を、従前の状態より乾燥力が弱くなる状態へ移行する変化を含むものである第8の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥方法である。
【0018】
また、第10の本発明は、シートの一方の面上に塗布された塗料の塗膜を、前記一方の面側から乾燥する工程と、
前記乾燥の工程の全部または一部の期間において、前記シートの前記塗膜が塗布されていない面を加熱する工程とを備えた塗膜シートの乾燥方法である。
【0019】
また、第11の本発明は、前記加熱は、熱風を用いる第10の本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥方法である。
【0020】
また、第12の本発明は、塗料が塗布されたシートを予熱する工程と、
前記シート上に塗布された前記塗料の塗膜を乾燥する工程とを備え、
前記予熱の工程は、前記塗料に含まれる溶媒が蒸発しない程度の温度で行う塗膜シートの乾燥方法である。
【0021】
以上のような本発明は、例えば、電極板内の結着剤分布を均一化することで、電池の高容量化、および、電極板の活物質層の剥がれ、脱落、ひび割れが生じない高い接着性を達成し、かつ、高い生産性を有するリチウムイオン二次電池の製造方法を提供することが可能となる。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
【0023】
(第1の実施の形態)
本発明の第1の発明の実施の形態について説明する。
【0024】
まず、本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥方法の一実施の形態である非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法に用いられる活物質塗料に含まれる活物質材料は、一般的に非水電解液二次電池用活物質材料として用いられているものであり、例えば、正極活物質材料である、コバルト酸リチウム、ニッケル酸リチウム、マンガン酸リチウムなどのリチウム含有複合酸化物や、負極活物質材料である、グラファイト、シリコン化合物などのリチウムイオンをドープ・脱ドープすることが可能な材料が挙げられる。なお、上記の活物質材料は、本発明の被含有物に相当する。
【0025】
次に、前記活物質塗料に含まれる結着剤は、一般的に非水電解液二電池用結着剤として用いられている高分子材料であり、例えば、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、アクリル系ゴムなどが挙げられ、溶媒である有機溶剤または水に溶解または分散できるものであれば特に限定されるものではない。なお、上記の結着剤は、本発明の結着剤に相当する。
【0026】
さらに、前記活物質塗料には、上述の活物質材料および結着剤の他に、必要に応じて、導電剤、増粘剤、レオロジー調整剤、分散剤などの添加剤を用いることができる。なお、上記の活物質塗料は、本発明の塗料に相当する。
【0027】
これらの活物質材料、結着剤、添加剤といった固形分を、分散または溶解させる溶媒としては、水、または有機溶剤を用いることができる。有機溶剤としては、例えば、メチルエチルケトン、アセトン、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、エタノール、シクロヘキサノンなどを単独、または二種類以上混合して用いることができる。なお、上記の溶媒は、本発明の溶媒に相当する。
【0028】
これらの材料を用いて活物質塗料を作製する方法は、本発明では特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、プラネタリーミキサー、三本ロール、ビーズミルのような一般に用いられている混合分散機を用いて作製できる。
【0029】
この活物質塗料が塗布される集電体としては、例えば、正極集電体にはアルミニウム箔、負極集電体には銅箔といった金属箔が挙げられるが、活物質塗膜を保持することができ、かつ導電性を有する材料であれば用いることができる。なお、上記の集電体は、本発明のシートに相当する。
【0030】
活物質塗料を集電体上に塗布する方法は、本発明では特に限定されるものではなく、エクストルージョン塗布、カーテン塗布、ロール塗布、グラビア塗布といった一般的な方法を用いることができる。
【0031】
以上のようにして、活物質塗料を集電体上に塗布した後、乾燥装置を用いて、活物質塗料を乾燥させる。
【0032】
図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法を実施する製造装置の構成図である。図に示すように、巻出し装置1はロール状に巻き取られた膜状の集電体2を乾燥装置5へ送り出す手段、塗布装置2は集電体2に塗料を塗布する手段、乾燥装置5は、巻出し装置から送り出された、塗料が塗布された集電体2を乾燥させる手段、巻き取り装置6は乾燥装置5から送り出された集電体2をロール状に巻き取る手段である。
【0033】
また、乾燥装置5では、集電体2の搬送方向Aに沿って赤外線ヒーター7が複数配置されており、各ヒーターに備えられた温度制御装置8によって、赤外線ヒーター7の温度を個別に設定することができ、乾燥装置5内の塗膜の搬送方向Aに、雰囲気温度および/または塗膜温度の変化をつけることが可能である。さらに、図示は省略したが、活物質塗膜を乾燥させるために、熱風ノズル、誘電加熱装置、給気装置、排気装置などが、組み合わせて構成されている。
【0034】
なお、上記の構成において、赤外線ヒーター7,温度制御装置8,巻出し装置1、巻取り装置6は本発明の乾燥手段を構成する。
【0035】
このような構成を有する、本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置の動作を説明するとともに、これにより、本発明の塗布シートの乾燥方法の一実施の形態を説明する。
【0036】
巻出し装置1より送り出された、膜状の集電体2の一主面上に、塗布装置3により塗料が塗布されることにより、活物質塗膜4が形成される。乾燥装置5内において、活物質塗膜4を乾燥させた後、巻取り装置6において巻き取られる。
【0037】
このとき、乾燥装置5内において、複数の赤外線ヒーター7について、搬送方向Aに沿って手前の2つのヒータ群7a、次の2つのヒータからなるヒータ群7b、乾燥装置5の出口側の2つのヒータからなるヒータ群7cでそれぞれ加熱温度が異なるように設定を行う。例えば、ヒータ群7aの温度を乾燥に適した基準温度として、ヒータ群7bの温度を基準温度より低く、ヒータ群7cの温度を基準温度よりも高く設定する。このとき、温度設定は、塗料に含まれる溶媒の蒸発に伴い変化する塗膜の含有溶媒量に応じて行うことが望ましい。なお、この温度変化は、本発明の乾燥環境の変化に相当するものである。
【0038】
このような温度設定がなされた乾燥装置5内を搬送される活物質塗膜4は、搬送が進んで塗膜内の溶媒含有量が減少するにつれて、異なる温度で乾燥させられることになる。特に、ある程度基準温度で乾燥させた後、基準温度より低い温度で乾燥させることにより、活物質塗膜4内における結着剤の分布が均一化する効果がある。乾燥装置5の出口近傍では、再び基準温度にて乾燥を行わせるようにすることで、活物質塗膜4の乾燥を促進させる。
【0039】
上述のようにして、本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法では、この乾燥工程において、溶媒の蒸発に伴い変化する塗膜の含有溶媒量に応じて、乾燥雰囲気の温度を変化させることにより、電極板の活物質塗膜内における結着剤量の分布を均一にでき、電池組立時などにおける活物質塗膜の剥がれ、脱落、ひび割れが生じない高い接着性が得られるとともに、必要な結着剤の添加量が少ないため、電池の高容量化も達成できる。また、従来の方法に比べ、乾燥終了までに要する時間が短く、生産性を向上させることが可能である。
【0040】
なお、上記の説明においては、温度制御装置8により加熱温度をそれぞれ異ならせた複数の赤外線ヒーター7を用いて、乾燥雰囲気の温度に変化をつけるものとして説明を行ったが、温度制御装置8は省略して、それぞれ出力の異なる赤外線ヒーター7を用いるようにしてもよい。また、乾燥雰囲気の温度ではなく塗膜温度を変化させるようにしてもよい。
【0041】
また、本発明の乾燥手段は、赤外線ヒーター7の代わりに、熱風ノズル、誘電加熱装置、給気装置、排気装置など、もしくはこれらの組み合わせにより実現しても良い。要するに、本発明の乾燥環境を変化させることができる手段であればよい。
【0042】
乾燥手段として熱風ノズルを用いた場合は、風速を変えることで本発明の乾燥環境を変化させることになり、風速を大きくすれば、乾燥力が高く、風速を小さくすれば乾燥力が低くなることになる。また乾燥手段として給気装置および排気装置を用いた場合は、溶媒蒸気濃度を変えることで乾燥環境を変化させることができる。このとき、給気および排気量を大きくすれば、溶媒蒸気濃度が低くなり、乾燥環境は高くなり、給気および排気量を小さくすれば、溶媒蒸気濃度が高くなり、乾燥環境は低くなる。
【0043】
また、上記の説明においては、変化は一回であるとしたが、複数回であっても良い。
【0044】
また、上記の説明においては、乾燥の対象となる活物質塗膜4をはじめに基準温度にて乾燥させた後、それより低い温度にて乾燥させたが、はじめに基準温度より低い温度にて乾燥させた後、後に基準温度以上の温度にて乾燥させるようにしてもよい。ただし、結着剤分布を均一にするためには、上記実施の形態のような変化をつけることが、より望ましい。
【0045】
なお、本発明の乾燥装置は、図1に示した乾燥装置と異なる構成であっても、乾燥装置内で塗膜の搬送方向の雰囲気温度、風速、溶媒蒸気濃度、および塗膜温度の少なくとも一つを、少なくとも一段階以上変化させられる機能を備えているものであればよい。例えば、図2に示す構成では、集電体2は巻出し装置1および巻き取り装置6のような搬送機構によらず、乾燥装置5内で静止して配置されている。このときは、温度制御装置8によって、赤外線ヒータ7の温度を、あらかじめ定めた周期で変化させるようにする。これにより、集電体2は同一部分が異なる温度で加熱されることになり、図1に示す構成と同様の効果が得られる。
【0046】
また、図3に示すように、温度制御装置8を持たない、要求に応じて出力を異ならせた複数の赤外線ヒーター7をベルトコンベヤ状に配置して、あらかじめ定めた周期で回転させるようにする。これにより、集電体2は同一部分が異なる温度で加熱されることになり、図1に示す構成と同様の効果が得られる。なお、図2,3に示す構成においても、赤外線ヒータ7を熱風ノズル、誘電加熱装置、給気装置、排気装置他の手段で置き換えることができる。
【0047】
(第2の実施の形態)
本発明の第2の発明の実施の形態について説明する。
【0048】
まず、本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥方法の一実施の形態である非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法に用いられる活物質塗料に含まれる活物質材料、結着剤、添加剤、溶媒、および集電体は、一般的に非水電解液二次電池用材料として用いられているもので特に限定されるものではなく、第1の実施の形態で説明したものと同じものを用いることができる。
【0049】
また、活物質塗料の作製方法、および集電体上に活物質塗料を塗布する方法についても、第1の実施の形態で説明したものと同じく、一般的な塗料作製方法、および塗布方法を用いることができ、特に限定されるものではない。
【0050】
以上の活物質塗料を用いて、活物質塗料を集電体上に塗布した後、乾燥装置を用いて、活物質塗料を乾燥させる。
【0051】
図4は、本発明の第2の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法を実施する製造装置の構成図である。図に示すように、巻出し装置9はロール状に巻き取られた膜状の集電体10を乾燥装置13へ送り出す手段、塗布装置11は集電体10に塗料を塗布する手段、乾燥装置13は、巻出し装置から送り出された、塗料が塗布された集電体10を乾燥させる手段、巻き取り装置14は乾燥装置13から送り出された集電体10をロール状に巻き取る手段である。また、乾燥装置13内には、集電体10の搬送方向Bに沿って赤外線ヒーター7が複数配置されている。また、搬送される集電体10に対して、赤外線ヒータ7と対称となるように複数の熱風ノズル17が設けられている。熱風ノズル17は、熱風発生装置19から発生した熱風を出力する手段で、それぞれ風量調節バルブ18によって風量が調節される。なお、上記の構成において、温度調節装置16および赤外線ヒーター15は本発明の乾燥手段に相当し、熱風発生装置19,風量調節バルブ18および温風ノズル17は本発明の加熱手段に相当する。
【0052】
このような構成を有する本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置の動作は、基本的には第1の実施の形態と同様で、巻出し装置9より送り出された集電体10上に、塗布装置11により、活物質塗膜12が形成される。乾燥装置13内において、活物質塗膜12を乾燥させた後、巻取り装置14において巻き取られる。
【0053】
このとき、乾燥装置13では、集電体10の活物質塗膜12が塗布された面を、温度制御装置16により所定の加熱温度に設定された赤外線ヒーター15によって加熱する一方、その反対側の面を、熱風ノズル17から吹出される熱風によって加熱するようにしている。
【0054】
上述のようにして、本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法では、乾燥工程において、集電体10の、活物質塗膜12が塗布された面と、その反対側の面の両方に熱を加えることによって、乾燥後の活物質塗膜表面が非常に平滑となり、組立後の電池において、極板表面から突出した活物質粉末に起因するリーク不良を低減することができる。また、乾燥終了までに要する時間も短縮できるため、生産性を向上させることができる。
【0055】
なお、上記の説明においては、熱風ノズル17は、赤外線ヒーター15と同一の範囲に渡って設けられるものとしたが、乾燥装置13内の一部の区間にのみ設けるようにしてもよい。
【0056】
また、活物質塗膜12が塗布された面を加熱する方法として、赤外線ヒータ15を用い、その反対側の面を加熱する方法として、熱風ノズル17からの熱風を用いるとしたが、活物質塗膜12が塗布された面の加熱に関しては、活物質塗膜12を乾燥させることができる手段であれば、赤外線ヒータの代わりに熱風ノズル、誘電加熱装置、給気装置、排気装置など、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを本発明の乾燥手段として用いても良い。また、活物質塗膜12が塗布された面と反対側の面の加熱に関しては、赤外線ヒータ、誘導加熱装置など、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを本発明の加熱手段として用いても良い。しかし、上記実施の形態の構成とすることが望ましく、より平滑な表面を有する活物質塗膜を得ることができる。
【0057】
(第3の実施の形態)
本発明の第3の実施の形態について説明する。
【0058】
まず、本発明の塗膜シートの乾燥方法の一実施の形態である非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法に用いられる活物質塗料に含まれる活物質材料、結着剤、添加剤、溶媒、および集電体は、一般的に非水電解液二次電池用材料として用いられているもので特に限定されるものではなく、第1の実施の形態で説明したものと同じものを用いることができる。
【0059】
また、活物質塗料の作製方法、および集電体上に活物質塗料を塗布する方法についても、第1の実施の形態で説明したものと同じく、一般的な塗料作製方法、および塗布方法を用いることができ、特に限定されるものではない。
【0060】
以上の活物質塗料を用いて、活物質塗料を集電体上に塗布した後、乾燥装置を用いて、活物質塗料を乾燥させる。
【0061】
図5は、本発明の第3の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法を実施する製造装置の構成図である。図に示すように、巻出し装置20はロール状に巻き取られた膜状の集電体21を主乾燥装置24へ送り出す手段、塗布装置22は集電体10に塗料を塗布する手段、主乾燥装置24は、巻出し装置20から送り出された、塗料が塗布された集電体21を乾燥させる手段、巻取り装置27は主乾燥装置24から送り出された集電体21をロール状に巻き取る手段である。また、主乾燥装置24内には、集電体21の搬送方向Cに沿って、温度制御装置29で加熱温度が制御される赤外線ヒーター28が複数配置されている。また、主乾燥装置24と塗布装置22との間には、集電体21を送り出す熱ロール26と、熱ロール26を加熱するヒータ25とが設けられている。なお、上記の構成において、主乾燥装置24は本発明の乾燥手段に相当し、ヒーター25および熱ロール26は本発明の予熱手段に相当する。
【0062】
このような構成を有する本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置の動作は、基本的には第1の実施の形態と同様で、巻出し装置20より送り出された集電体21上に、塗布装置22により、活物質塗膜23が形成される。
【0063】
本実施の形態においては、塗布装置22から排出された活物質塗膜23は、主乾燥装置24より手前に配置され、ヒーター25により熱せられた熱ロール26により加温される。このとき、加温の温度は、活物質塗膜23内に含まれる塗料の溶媒成分が蒸発しない程度の温度に保たれるようにする。
【0064】
加温された活物質塗膜23は、主乾燥装置24内にて完全に乾燥させた後、巻取り装置27において巻き取られる。
【0065】
上述のようにして、本実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用極板の製造方法では、集電体21上に塗布された活物質塗膜23を、乾燥工程の前に予め昇温させておくことで、主乾燥装置において乾燥終了までに要する時間を短縮することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。
【0066】
なお、本発明では、図3に示すものと異なる構成であっても、活物質塗膜を乾燥させる前に活物質塗膜を、そこに含まれる塗料の溶媒成分が蒸発しない程度の温度で昇温することができればよく、例えば、予め加温した活物質塗料を塗布装置により塗布する方法や、本発明の予熱手段としては、熱ロールの代わりに、赤外線ヒーター、熱風ノズルなどを用いてもよい。
【0067】
また、主乾燥装置24の構成は、赤外線ヒータを用いたとしたが、本発明の乾燥手段は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、熱風ノズル、赤外線ヒーター、誘電加熱装置、給気装置、排気装置などが、単体もしくは組み合わせて構成されているものとしてもよい。
【0068】
また、以上の各実施の形態において、本発明は、非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置または製造方法として説明したが、本発明の塗布シートの乾燥装置および乾燥方法はこの用途に限定するものではない。塗料として、例えば少なくとも一種類以上の微粒子が分散された塗料、または、少なくとも一種類以上の樹脂を溶解させた塗料を、シート上に塗布した後、乾燥させる操作を行うものであれば、塗料の種類、塗料に含まれる被含有物、溶媒、結着剤の種類、シートの種類、得られる塗膜シートの種類に限定されることなく実施することができる。また、本発明は、被含有物を含まない塗料単体でシートに塗布する場合で実施しても良い。例えば、ニッケル水素二次電池、アルカリ蓄電池や燃料電池用の電極、セラミックグリーンシート、プラズマディスプレイ前面板の誘電体層、磁気テープ等の製造に適用してもよい。
【0069】
【実施例】
以下に本実施の形態で説明した非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造方法により、実際にリチウムイオン二次電池の正極板を作製した結果、また、比較のために、従来の製造方法により、同じくリチウムイオン二次電池の正極板を作製した結果について説明する。
【0070】
(実施例1)〜(実施例3)、および(比較例)では、同じ活物質塗料、集電体、および塗布装置を用いて電極板を作製しており、以下に示すものである。
【0071】
活物質塗料は、正極活物質であるコバルト酸リチウム100重量部に対して、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデンを5重量部、導電剤としてのカーボンブラックを5重量部と、溶媒としてのN−メチル−2−ピロリドンとを、固形分重量比60wt%となるように配合し、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて作製した。
【0072】
また、集電体には、厚さ25μm、幅240mmのアルミニウム箔を用いた。
【0073】
上述の活物質塗料を、集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に、膜厚200μm、塗布幅200mmで、エクストルージョン型ノズルにより塗布した。塗布速度は、乾燥装置を通過した直後の塗膜の含有溶媒量が、塗布直後の塗膜の含有溶媒量に対して1%未満になる最大の速度とした。
【0074】
(実施例1)
本発明の第1の実施の形態にて、電極板を作製した。乾燥装置には赤外線ヒーターが用いられており、100mm×100mmのセラミック製パネルが、塗布幅方向に3列、塗膜の搬送方向に30列、塗膜からの距離50mmに配置されたものである。また、乾燥装置には、塗膜から蒸発した溶媒蒸気を排気するための給排気装置が備えられている。
【0075】
赤外線ヒーターの温度設定は、塗布幅方向には同一の温度とし、塗膜の搬送方向には、以下に示す条件A、Bの2通りの温度設定を用いた。
【0076】
条件A:入口側から10列が150℃、その次の10列が200℃、そして、出口側の10列が250℃とした。
【0077】
条件B:入口側から10列が250℃、その次の10列が150℃、そして、出口側の10列が250℃とした。
【0078】
(実施例2)
本発明の第2の実施の形態にて、電極板を作製した。乾燥装置には、塗膜が塗布された面を加熱するための赤外線ヒーターおよび熱風ノズルと、その反対側の面を加熱するための熱風ノズルが備えられている。また、乾燥装置には、塗膜から蒸発した溶媒蒸気を排気するための給排気装置が備えられている。
【0079】
赤外線ヒーターは、100mm×100mmのセラミック製パネルが、塗布幅方向に3列、塗膜の搬送方向に30列、塗膜からの距離50mmに配置されたものである。また、熱風ノズルは、塗膜が塗布された面側、およびその反対側に、塗膜の搬送方向にそれぞれ15個配置されている。
【0080】
赤外線ヒーター温度、および熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度、風速は、以下に示す条件C、D、Eの3通りの設定を用いた。
【0081】
条件C:塗膜が塗布された面側の加熱と、その反対側の面の加熱の両方に、熱風ノズルを用い、全ての熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度を100℃、風速を10m/sに設定した。
【0082】
条件D:塗膜が塗布された面側の加熱には、赤外線ヒーターを用い、全て150℃に設定した。また、反対側の面の加熱には、熱風ノズルを用い、全ての熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度を100℃、風速を10m/sに設定した。
【0083】
条件E:塗膜が塗布された面側の加熱には、赤外線ヒーターを用い、入口側から10列が250℃、その次の10列が150℃、そして、出口側の10列が250℃とした。また、反対側の面の加熱には、熱風ノズルを用い、全ての熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度を100℃、風速を10m/sに設定した。
【0084】
(実施例3)
本発明の第3の実施の形態にて、電極板を作製した。
【0085】
主乾燥装置は、(実施例1)に用いた乾燥装置と同一のものを使用した。また、主乾燥装置の手前に、ヒーターによって加熱されるφ(直径)100mmの熱ロールを5本配置した。熱ロールは、熱ロール表面の温度が100℃となるように設定した。
【0086】
赤外線ヒーターの温度設定は、塗布幅方向には同一の温度とし、塗膜の搬送方向には、以下に示す条件F、Gの2通りとした。
【0087】
条件F:全て150℃に設定した。
【0088】
条件G:入口側から10列が250℃、その次の10列が150℃、そして、出口側の10列が250℃とした。
【0089】
また、主乾燥装置の手前に配置された熱ロールおよびその表面温度設定は条件F、Gと同一で、主乾燥装置に、(実施例2)と同じものを用いた条件H、Iでは、主乾燥装置の赤外線ヒーター、熱風の設定温度等は以下に示すものとした。
【0090】
条件H:塗膜が塗布された面側の加熱には、赤外線ヒーターを用い、全て150℃に設定した。また、反対側の面の加熱には、熱風ノズルを用い、全ての熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度を100℃、風速を10m/sに設定した。
【0091】
条件I:塗膜が塗布された面側の加熱には、赤外線ヒーターを用い、入口側から10列が250℃、その次の10列が150℃、そして、出口側の10列が250℃とした。また、反対側の面の加熱には、熱風ノズルを用い、全ての熱風ノズルからの吹出し熱風温度を100℃、風速を10m/sに設定した。
【0092】
(比較例)
本発明の効果をより明確にするために、従来の方法により電極板を作製した。
【0093】
乾燥装置は、(実施例1)と同じものを使用し、赤外線ヒーターの温度設定を、以下に示す条件J、K、Lの3通りとした。
【0094】
条件J:全て150℃に設定した。
【0095】
条件K:全て200℃に設定した。
【0096】
条件L:全て250℃に設定した。
【0097】
以上の(実施例1)〜(実施例3)および(比較例)について、乾燥が可能であった最大の塗布速度、乾燥後の極板の90°剥離強度、表面粗さ(Ra)を測定した結果、および、乾燥後の極板を用いて電池を試作し、極板の圧延、スリット、捲回時等の後工程における活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良発生数、試作電池のリーク不良発生数についてまとめた結果を表1に示す。
【0098】
【表1】

Figure 2004071472
以下に、(表1)に示した結果について説明する。
【0099】
従来の製造方法にて極板を作製した(比較例)では、条件Jのように乾燥温度が低いと、90°剥離強度、すなわち極板の接着性は高いが、乾燥可能な塗布速度は非常に低く、生産性が極めて悪い。生産性を向上させるためには、乾燥装置の全長を長くしなければならず、設備費用およびエネルギーコストが高くなり、また、より広い設備の設置スペースが必要となるため、生産コストが増大する。また、条件K、条件Lと乾燥温度を高くしていくと、乾燥可能な塗布速度は高くなるが、極板の接着性および表面性が著しく低下し、後工程における活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良や、電池におけるリーク不良が多発する。
【0100】
これに対して、塗膜の搬送方向に乾燥温度を変化させた(実施例1)では、十分な極板の接着性が得られ、活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良はほとんど生じておらず、また、乾燥可能な最大塗布速度も高いため、生産性も高い。特に、乾燥装置の入口側および出口側での乾燥温度を高くし、乾燥装置の中間部で温度を低く設定した条件Bでは、極板の接着性が極めて高く、接着性に起因する不良は全く生じず、また、乾燥可能な最大塗布速度もより高くすることができた。極板の表面性は、条件A、Bともに、(比較例)に比べて同等以上であり、電池のリーク不良については同等、あるいは低減している。
【0101】
(実施例2)では、条件C、D、Eのいずれにおいても極板の表面性が極めて優れており、電池のリーク不良はほとんど発生しなかった。特に、塗膜の塗布された面側の加熱に赤外線を用いた条件D、Eの電池では、リーク不良は全く発生しなかった。また、条件C、D、Eのいずれも、塗膜の塗布された面に加えて、その反対側の面からも加熱していることにより、同等の乾燥温度で塗膜の塗布された面からのみ加熱した条件と比べて、乾燥可能な最大塗布速度は向上した。さらに、第2の発明に第1の発明を組み合わせた条件Eについては、極板の接着性も極めて高く、後工程での活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良は全く発生しておらず、第1の発明の効果である高い接着性、および高い生産性と、第2の発明の効果である優れた極板表面性が得られており、非常に高い効果が得られた。
【0102】
(実施例3)では、条件F、G、H、Iのいずれにおいても、主乾燥装置のみで乾燥させた条件に比べて、乾燥可能な最大塗布速度は大きく向上した。また、第3の発明に第1の発明を組み合わせた条件Gでは、極板の接着性が非常に高く、後工程での活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良は全く発生しなかった。第3の発明に第2の発明を組み合わせた条件Hでは、極板の表面性が非常に優れており、電池のリーク不良は全く発生しなかった。さらに、第3の発明に、第1の発明、および第2の発明を組み合わせた条件Iでは、極板の接着性、表面性、および生産性の全てに優れており、後工程での活物質塗膜の剥がれ等の不良、電池のリーク不良は全く発生せず、また、乾燥可能な最大塗布速度も、今回の条件の中で最も高いものであった。
【0103】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したところから明らかなように、本発明によれば、高い接着性を有する塗膜シートが得られる。
【0104】
また、塗膜シートの表面を平滑化して表面性を向上させることができる。
【0105】
また、乾燥終了までに要する時間が短く、塗膜シートの生産性を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置を示す図である。
【図2】本発明の第1の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置の他の構成例を示す図である。
【図3】本発明の第1の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置の他の構成例を示す図である。
【図4】本発明の第2の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の第3の実施の形態の非水電解液二次電池用電極板の製造装置を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1、9、20 巻出し装置
2、10、21 集電体
3、11、22 塗布装置
4、12、23 活物質塗膜
5、13 乾燥装置
6、14、27 巻取り装置
7、15、28 赤外線ヒーター
8、16、29 温度制御装置
17 熱風ノズル
18 風量調節バルブ
19 熱風発生装置
24 主乾燥装置
25 ヒーター
26 熱ロール
A、B、C 塗膜搬送方向[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a coated sheet, for example, used as a battery electrode plate such as a lithium ion secondary battery and a nickel hydride secondary battery, a ceramic green sheet, a catalyst layer of a fuel cell, and a dielectric layer of a plasma display. And a manufacturing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electrode plate of a lithium ion secondary battery using a non-aqueous electrolyte is a paste-like active material paint obtained by dispersing or dissolving an active material powder and a binder and a conductive agent in an organic solvent or water, It is manufactured by applying a coating having a thickness of several tens to several hundreds of μm on a metal foil serving as a current collector, drying the coating, and then performing a process such as rolling.
[0003]
Here, the binder in the active material paint plays a role of bonding the active material powders and bonding the active material powders to the current collector in the electrode plate after drying. Depending on the drying conditions, the distribution of the binder in the electrode plate after drying may be deviated in the thickness direction of the electrode plate, and the required adhesive strength may not be obtained, and the active material layer may be peeled or dropped in the battery assembly process. And problems such as cracks occur. For this reason, for example, a method of obtaining the adhesive strength of the electrode plate by increasing the amount of the binder added, or JP-A-9-134718, JP-A-10-270013, and JP-A-10-270023. According to the gazette, in order to form an active material layer having a desired thickness, the active material layer is applied and dried in two or more steps to make the binder distribution in the active material layer of the electrode plate uniform. Alternatively, a method of increasing the binder concentration on the current collector side has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method of increasing the amount of the binder that does not directly contribute to the battery reaction, the battery capacity per unit volume is decreased, which is particularly desirable in recent years, particularly for lithium ion secondary batteries that require a high capacity. Absent. Further, instead of making the distribution of the binder uniform, the surface of the coating film itself sometimes becomes rough.
[0005]
Further, in a method of producing an electrode plate having a desired film thickness by performing coating and drying in two or more times, an expensive coating machine having a plurality of coating units and a drying unit is required. Alternatively, in the case of using a normal coating machine having one coating unit and a drying unit, the electrode plate on which the first coating and drying has been performed is wound once, then coated and dried again. The character becomes low. Also, in this case, the surface of the coating film itself may be rough instead of making the distribution of the binder uniform.
[0006]
The present invention provides a drying apparatus and a drying method for a coated film sheet that can uniformly apply a binder contained in a coating material and apply the same to a sheet, in consideration of the above-described problems of the related art. The purpose is to:
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for drying a coating film sheet that can make a coating film formed by coating uniform.
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus and a drying method for a coated sheet with improved productivity.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is provided with a drying unit for drying a coating film of a coating material containing at least an inclusion, a binder and a solvent, which is applied on a sheet,
The drying unit is a device for drying a coated sheet that changes a drying environment of a sheet to be dried.
[0010]
Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the change includes, in a part of the drying step, a change in the drying environment to a state in which drying power becomes weaker than in a previous state. This is a drying device for the membrane sheet.
[0011]
Further, a third invention is the drying apparatus for a paint film sheet according to the first invention, wherein the change is performed in accordance with the amount of the solvent contained in the paint film.
[0012]
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the change in the drying environment changes all or a part of a temperature of a drying atmosphere, a wind speed, a temperature of the coating film, and a concentration of a solvent vapor in the drying atmosphere. It is a drying apparatus of the coating film sheet of this invention.
[0013]
Further, a fifth aspect of the present invention is a drying means for drying a coating film of the paint applied on one surface of the sheet from the one surface side,
A heating unit for heating a surface of the sheet on which the coating film is not applied, a drying device for the coating film sheet.
[0014]
In a sixth aspect of the present invention, the heating means is the apparatus for drying a coated film sheet according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the heating is performed by hot air.
[0015]
Further, a seventh aspect of the present invention provides a preheating means for preheating a sheet to which paint is applied,
Drying means for drying a coating film of the paint applied on the sheet,
The preheating means is a coating sheet drying apparatus for performing the preheating at a temperature at which the solvent contained in the paint does not evaporate.
[0016]
Further, the eighth present invention includes a step of drying a coating film of a coating material containing at least an object to be contained, a binder and a solvent, applied on the sheet,
In the drying step, there is provided a method for drying a coated sheet in which a drying environment of a sheet to be dried is changed.
[0017]
Further, in the ninth aspect of the present invention, the change includes, in a part of the drying step, a shift of the drying environment to a state in which drying power is weaker than in a previous state. This is a method for drying a membrane sheet.
[0018]
Further, a tenth aspect of the present invention provides a step of drying a coating film of the paint applied on one surface of the sheet from the one surface side,
Heating the surface of the sheet to which the coating film is not applied during all or part of the drying step.
[0019]
An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the method for drying a coated sheet according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the heating is performed using hot air.
[0020]
The twelfth aspect of the present invention includes a step of preheating the sheet on which the paint is applied,
Drying the coating film of the paint applied on the sheet,
The preheating step is a method for drying a coating film sheet, which is performed at a temperature at which the solvent contained in the paint does not evaporate.
[0021]
The present invention as described above, for example, by uniformizing the binder distribution in the electrode plate, to increase the capacity of the battery, and high adhesion without peeling, falling off, cracking of the active material layer of the electrode plate It is possible to provide a method of manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery that achieves high productivity and has high productivity.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0023]
(First Embodiment)
The first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0024]
First, the active material contained in the active material paint used in the method of manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which is one embodiment of the method for drying a coating sheet of the present invention, is generally a non-aqueous material. It is used as an active material for an electrolyte secondary battery, and is, for example, a lithium-containing composite oxide such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganate, or a negative electrode active material, which is a positive electrode active material. Materials that can be doped / dedoped with lithium ions, such as graphite and silicon compounds, can be used. Note that the above-mentioned active material corresponds to the inclusion of the present invention.
[0025]
Next, the binder contained in the active material paint is a polymer material generally used as a binder for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, for example, styrene butadiene rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, Examples thereof include polyvinylidene fluoride and acrylic rubber, and are not particularly limited as long as they can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent or water as a solvent. The above-mentioned binder corresponds to the binder of the present invention.
[0026]
Further, in addition to the above-mentioned active material and binder, additives such as a conductive agent, a thickener, a rheology adjuster, and a dispersant can be used in the active material paint, if necessary. The above-mentioned active material paint corresponds to the paint of the present invention.
[0027]
Water or an organic solvent can be used as a solvent for dispersing or dissolving solids such as these active material, binder, and additive. As the organic solvent, for example, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethanol, cyclohexanone and the like can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The above-mentioned solvent corresponds to the solvent of the present invention.
[0028]
The method of producing an active material paint using these materials is not particularly limited in the present invention, but includes, for example, a commonly used mixing and dispersing machine such as a planetary mixer, a three-roll mill, and a bead mill. It can be manufactured using.
[0029]
As the current collector to which the active material paint is applied, for example, a metal foil such as an aluminum foil for the positive electrode current collector and a copper foil for the negative electrode current collector may be used. Any material that can be used and has conductivity can be used. Note that the above current collector corresponds to the sheet of the present invention.
[0030]
The method of applying the active material paint on the current collector is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a general method such as extrusion coating, curtain coating, roll coating, and gravure coating can be used.
[0031]
After the active material paint is applied on the current collector as described above, the active material paint is dried using the drying device.
[0032]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for performing a method for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, an unwinding device 1 is a means for feeding a film-shaped current collector 2 wound up in a roll shape to a drying device 5, an application device 2 is a means for applying a paint to the current collector 2, and a drying device. Reference numeral 5 denotes a unit for drying the current collector 2 to which the paint is applied, which is sent from the unwinding device, and a winding device 6 is a unit for winding the current collector 2 sent from the drying device 5 into a roll. .
[0033]
In the drying device 5, a plurality of infrared heaters 7 are arranged along the transport direction A of the current collector 2, and the temperature of the infrared heaters 7 is individually set by a temperature control device 8 provided for each heater. It is possible to change the ambient temperature and / or the coating film temperature in the transport direction A of the coating film in the drying device 5. Although not shown, a hot air nozzle, a dielectric heating device, an air supply device, an exhaust device, and the like are combined to dry the active material coating film.
[0034]
In the above configuration, the infrared heater 7, the temperature control device 8, the unwinding device 1, and the winding device 6 constitute a drying unit of the present invention.
[0035]
The operation of the apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described, and thereby an embodiment of a method for drying a coated sheet of the present invention will be described. I do.
[0036]
An active material coating film 4 is formed by applying a coating material on one main surface of the film-like current collector 2 sent out from the unwinding device 1 by the coating device 3. After the active material coating film 4 is dried in the drying device 5, the active material coating film 4 is wound by the winding device 6.
[0037]
At this time, in the drying device 5, for the plurality of infrared heaters 7, two heater groups 7 a in the foreground along the transport direction A, a heater group 7 b including the next two heaters, and two infrared heaters 7 on the outlet side of the drying device 5. The setting is performed so that the heating temperature is different in each of the heater groups 7c including the heaters. For example, assuming that the temperature of the heater group 7a is a reference temperature suitable for drying, the temperature of the heater group 7b is set lower than the reference temperature, and the temperature of the heater group 7c is set higher than the reference temperature. At this time, it is desirable to set the temperature in accordance with the amount of the solvent contained in the coating film, which changes with the evaporation of the solvent contained in the paint. This temperature change corresponds to a change in the drying environment of the present invention.
[0038]
The active material coating film 4 conveyed in the drying device 5 having such a temperature setting is dried at different temperatures as the conveyance proceeds and the solvent content in the coating film decreases. In particular, after drying at a reference temperature to some extent, drying at a temperature lower than the reference temperature has an effect of making the distribution of the binder in the active material coating film 4 uniform. In the vicinity of the outlet of the drying device 5, the drying at the reference temperature is performed again, thereby promoting the drying of the active material coating film 4.
[0039]
As described above, in the method of manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present embodiment, in this drying step, the drying By changing the temperature, the distribution of the amount of the binder in the active material coating of the electrode plate can be made uniform, and high adhesiveness without peeling, falling off, and cracking of the active material coating at the time of battery assembly or the like can be obtained. As a result, the required amount of the binder added is small, so that a high capacity battery can be achieved. Further, as compared with the conventional method, the time required for completing the drying is shorter, and the productivity can be improved.
[0040]
In the above description, the description has been made assuming that the temperature of the drying atmosphere is changed by using the plurality of infrared heaters 7 having different heating temperatures by the temperature control device 8. By omitting, infrared heaters 7 having different outputs may be used. Further, the temperature of the coating film may be changed instead of the temperature of the drying atmosphere.
[0041]
Further, the drying means of the present invention may be realized by a hot air nozzle, a dielectric heating device, an air supply device, an exhaust device, or the like, or a combination thereof, instead of the infrared heater 7. In short, any means that can change the drying environment of the present invention may be used.
[0042]
When a hot air nozzle is used as the drying means, the drying environment of the present invention is changed by changing the wind speed, and if the wind speed is increased, the drying power is increased, and if the wind speed is decreased, the drying power is decreased. become. When an air supply device and an exhaust device are used as the drying means, the drying environment can be changed by changing the solvent vapor concentration. At this time, if the amount of supply and exhaust is increased, the concentration of the solvent vapor is reduced, and the drying environment is increased. If the amount of supply and exhaust is reduced, the concentration of the solvent vapor is increased, and the drying environment is reduced.
[0043]
In the above description, the change is one time, but may be plural times.
[0044]
Further, in the above description, the active material coating film 4 to be dried is first dried at the reference temperature, and then dried at a lower temperature, but first dried at a temperature lower than the reference temperature. After that, drying may be performed later at a temperature equal to or higher than the reference temperature. However, in order to make the binder distribution uniform, it is more desirable to make a change as in the above embodiment.
[0045]
The drying apparatus of the present invention has at least one of the ambient temperature, the wind speed, the solvent vapor concentration, and the coating film temperature in the transport direction of the coating in the drying apparatus, even if the drying apparatus has a different configuration from the drying apparatus shown in FIG. Any one may be provided as long as it has a function of changing at least one step. For example, in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, the current collector 2 is arranged stationary in the drying device 5 without using a transport mechanism such as the unwinding device 1 and the winding device 6. At this time, the temperature of the infrared heater 7 is changed at a predetermined cycle by the temperature control device 8. As a result, the same portion of the current collector 2 is heated at different temperatures, and the same effect as the configuration shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of infrared heaters 7 having no temperature control device 8 and having different outputs according to demand are arranged in a belt conveyor, and are rotated at a predetermined cycle. . As a result, the same portion of the current collector 2 is heated at different temperatures, and the same effect as the configuration shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. 2 and 3, the infrared heater 7 can be replaced by a hot air nozzle, a dielectric heating device, an air supply device, an exhaust device, or other means.
[0047]
(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0048]
First, an active material, a binder, and an additive contained in an active material paint used in a method of manufacturing an electrode plate for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which is one embodiment of the method for drying a coated sheet of the present invention, are described. , Solvent, and current collector are not particularly limited as being generally used as a material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and may be the same as those described in the first embodiment. Can be used.
[0049]
Also, a method for preparing an active material paint and a method for applying the active material paint on the current collector employ the same general paint making method and application method as described in the first embodiment. And is not particularly limited.
[0050]
After the active material paint is applied to the current collector using the above active material paint, the active material paint is dried using a drying device.
[0051]
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for performing the method for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, an unwinding device 9 sends out a film-shaped current collector 10 wound in a roll shape to a drying device 13, an application device 11 applies a paint to the current collector 10, and a drying device. Reference numeral 13 denotes a unit for drying the current collector 10 to which the paint is applied, which is sent from the unwinding device. A winding device 14 is a unit for winding the current collector 10 sent from the drying device 13 into a roll. . Further, in the drying device 13, a plurality of infrared heaters 7 are arranged along the transport direction B of the current collector 10. Further, a plurality of hot air nozzles 17 are provided so as to be symmetrical to the infrared heater 7 with respect to the current collector 10 to be conveyed. The hot air nozzles 17 are means for outputting the hot air generated from the hot air generator 19, and the air volume is adjusted by air volume adjusting valves 18. In the above configuration, the temperature control device 16 and the infrared heater 15 correspond to the drying means of the present invention, and the hot air generator 19, the air flow control valve 18 and the hot air nozzle 17 correspond to the heating means of the present invention.
[0052]
The operation of the apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present embodiment having such a configuration is basically similar to that of the first embodiment, and is fed from the unwinding device 9. The active material coating film 12 is formed on the current collector 10 by the coating device 11. After the active material coating film 12 is dried in the drying device 13, the active material coating film 12 is wound by the winding device 14.
[0053]
At this time, in the drying device 13, the surface of the current collector 10 on which the active material coating film 12 is applied is heated by the infrared heater 15 set to a predetermined heating temperature by the temperature control device 16, while the opposite side is heated. The surface is heated by hot air blown from the hot air nozzle 17.
[0054]
As described above, in the method for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment, in the drying step, the surface of the current collector 10 on which the active material coating film 12 is applied, and the opposite side. By applying heat to both sides, the surface of the active material coating after drying becomes extremely smooth, and in the assembled battery, the leakage failure due to the active material powder protruding from the electrode plate surface is reduced. Can be. In addition, the time required for finishing the drying can be shortened, so that the productivity can be improved.
[0055]
In the above description, the hot air nozzle 17 is provided over the same range as the infrared heater 15, but may be provided only in a part of the drying device 13.
[0056]
The infrared heater 15 is used to heat the surface on which the active material coating 12 is applied, and the hot air from the hot air nozzle 17 is used to heat the opposite surface. Regarding heating of the surface on which the film 12 is applied, any means capable of drying the active material coating film 12 may be used instead of the infrared heater, such as a hot air nozzle, a dielectric heating device, an air supply device, an exhaust device, or the like. May be used as the drying means of the present invention. As for heating of the surface opposite to the surface on which the active material coating film 12 is applied, an infrared heater, an induction heating device, or a combination thereof may be used as the heating means of the present invention. However, it is desirable to adopt the configuration of the above embodiment, and an active material coating film having a smoother surface can be obtained.
[0057]
(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0058]
First, an active material, a binder, and an additive contained in an active material paint used in a method of manufacturing an electrode plate for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which is one embodiment of the method for drying a coated sheet of the present invention, are described. , Solvent, and current collector are not particularly limited as being generally used as a material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and may be the same as those described in the first embodiment. Can be used.
[0059]
Also, a method for preparing an active material paint and a method for applying the active material paint on the current collector employ the same general paint making method and application method as described in the first embodiment. And is not particularly limited.
[0060]
After the active material paint is applied to the current collector using the above active material paint, the active material paint is dried using a drying device.
[0061]
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for performing the method for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, an unwinding device 20 is a means for sending a film-shaped current collector 21 wound in a roll shape to a main drying device 24, an application device 22 is a means for applying a paint to the current collector 10, The drying device 24 is a unit for drying the current collector 21 applied with the paint sent from the unwinding device 20, and the winding device 27 is configured to wind the current collector 21 sent from the main drying device 24 into a roll shape. The means to take. Further, in the main drying device 24, a plurality of infrared heaters 28 whose heating temperature is controlled by the temperature control device 29 are arranged along the transport direction C of the current collector 21. Further, between the main drying device 24 and the coating device 22, a heat roll 26 for sending out the current collector 21 and a heater 25 for heating the heat roll 26 are provided. In the above configuration, the main drying device 24 corresponds to the drying unit of the present invention, and the heater 25 and the heat roll 26 correspond to the preheating unit of the present invention.
[0062]
The operation of the apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present embodiment having such a configuration is basically similar to that of the first embodiment, and is fed out from the unwinding device 20. The active material coating film 23 is formed on the current collector 21 by the coating device 22.
[0063]
In the present embodiment, the active material coating film 23 discharged from the coating device 22 is disposed before the main drying device 24 and is heated by the heat roll 26 heated by the heater 25. At this time, the heating temperature is maintained at a temperature at which the solvent component of the paint contained in the active material coating film 23 does not evaporate.
[0064]
After the heated active material coating film 23 is completely dried in the main drying device 24, it is wound up by a winding device 27.
[0065]
As described above, in the method for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present embodiment, the active material coating film 23 applied on the current collector 21 is heated in advance before the drying step. By doing so, it is possible to shorten the time required for the main drying device to finish drying, and to improve the productivity.
[0066]
In the present invention, even if the configuration is different from that shown in FIG. 3, before drying the active material coating, the active material coating is heated at a temperature at which the solvent component of the paint contained therein does not evaporate. As long as it can be heated, for example, a method of applying a preheated active material paint by an application device, or as a preheating means of the present invention, an infrared heater, a hot air nozzle or the like may be used instead of a hot roll. .
[0067]
In addition, although the configuration of the main drying device 24 uses an infrared heater, the drying means of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a hot air nozzle, an infrared heater, a dielectric heating device, an air supply device, an exhaust The device or the like may be configured alone or in combination.
[0068]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the present invention has been described as a manufacturing apparatus or a manufacturing method of an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. There is no limitation. As the paint, for example, a paint in which at least one or more kinds of fine particles are dispersed, or a paint in which at least one or more kinds of resins are dissolved, is applied on a sheet, and then is subjected to an operation of drying. The present invention can be carried out without being limited to the type, the inclusion contained in the paint, the solvent, the type of the binder, the type of the sheet, and the type of the obtained coated sheet. In addition, the present invention may be practiced in a case where a single paint containing no inclusion is applied to a sheet. For example, the present invention may be applied to the manufacture of nickel-hydrogen secondary batteries, electrodes for alkaline storage batteries and fuel cells, ceramic green sheets, dielectric layers of plasma display front plates, magnetic tapes, and the like.
[0069]
【Example】
The method of manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery described below in the present embodiment, the result of actually manufacturing a positive electrode plate of a lithium ion secondary battery, and for comparison, a conventional manufacturing method , A result of manufacturing a positive electrode plate of a lithium ion secondary battery will be described.
[0070]
In (Example 1) to (Example 3) and (Comparative Example), an electrode plate is manufactured using the same active material paint, current collector, and coating device, and is shown below.
[0071]
The active material paint is composed of 5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder, 5 parts by weight of carbon black as a conductive agent, and N- as a solvent with respect to 100 parts by weight of lithium cobalt oxide as a positive electrode active material. Methyl-2-pyrrolidone was blended so as to have a solid content weight ratio of 60% by weight, and produced using a planetary mixer.
[0072]
An aluminum foil having a thickness of 25 μm and a width of 240 mm was used as the current collector.
[0073]
The above-mentioned active material paint was applied to an aluminum foil as a current collector with an extrusion nozzle with a thickness of 200 μm and an application width of 200 mm. The coating speed was the maximum speed at which the solvent content of the coating immediately after passing through the drying device was less than 1% of the solvent content of the coating immediately after coating.
[0074]
(Example 1)
An electrode plate was manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention. An infrared heater is used in the drying device, and 100 mm × 100 mm ceramic panels are arranged in three rows in the coating width direction, 30 rows in the transport direction of the coating film, and at a distance of 50 mm from the coating film. . Further, the drying device is provided with a supply and exhaust device for exhausting the solvent vapor evaporated from the coating film.
[0075]
The temperature setting of the infrared heater was the same in the coating width direction, and the following two conditions A and B were used in the transport direction of the coating film.
[0076]
Condition A: 10 rows from the inlet side were 150 ° C., the next 10 rows were 200 ° C., and the 10 rows on the outlet side were 250 ° C.
[0077]
Condition B: 10 rows from the inlet side were 250 ° C., the next 10 rows were 150 ° C., and the 10 rows on the outlet side were 250 ° C.
[0078]
(Example 2)
An electrode plate was manufactured according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The drying device is provided with an infrared heater and a hot air nozzle for heating the surface on which the coating film is applied, and a hot air nozzle for heating the opposite surface. Further, the drying device is provided with a supply and exhaust device for exhausting the solvent vapor evaporated from the coating film.
[0079]
The infrared heater has a ceramic panel of 100 mm × 100 mm arranged in three rows in the coating width direction, 30 rows in the transport direction of the coating film, and at a distance of 50 mm from the coating film. Further, fifteen hot-air nozzles are arranged on the side on which the coating film is applied and on the opposite side in the transport direction of the coating film.
[0080]
The temperature of the infrared heater, the temperature of the hot air blown from the hot air nozzle, and the speed of the air were set in the following three conditions C, D, and E.
[0081]
Condition C: A hot air nozzle is used for both the heating of the surface on which the coating film is applied and the heating of the opposite surface, and the hot air temperature blown out from all the hot air nozzles is set to 100 ° C. and the air speed is set to 10 m / s. Set.
[0082]
Condition D: An infrared heater was used to heat the surface on which the coating film was applied, and the temperature was all set to 150 ° C. In addition, a hot air nozzle was used to heat the opposite surface, and the hot air temperature blown out from all the hot air nozzles was set to 100 ° C., and the air speed was set to 10 m / s.
[0083]
Condition E: An infrared heater was used to heat the surface on which the coating film was applied. Ten rows from the inlet side were 250 ° C, the next ten rows were 150 ° C, and the ten rows on the outlet side were 250 ° C. did. In addition, a hot air nozzle was used to heat the opposite surface, and the hot air temperature blown out from all the hot air nozzles was set to 100 ° C., and the air speed was set to 10 m / s.
[0084]
(Example 3)
An electrode plate was manufactured according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
[0085]
The same main drying device as the drying device used in (Example 1) was used. In addition, five heat rolls of φ (diameter) 100 mm heated by a heater were arranged in front of the main drying device. The hot roll was set so that the temperature of the hot roll surface was 100 ° C.
[0086]
The temperature of the infrared heater was set to the same temperature in the coating width direction, and the following two conditions F and G were set in the transport direction of the coating film.
[0087]
Condition F: All were set to 150 ° C.
[0088]
Condition G: 10 rows from the inlet side were 250 ° C., the next 10 rows were 150 ° C., and the 10 rows on the outlet side were 250 ° C.
[0089]
In addition, the heating roll disposed in front of the main drying device and the surface temperature setting thereof were the same as the conditions F and G. Under the conditions H and I using the same main drying device as in the second embodiment, the main roll was not used. The infrared heater of the drying device, the set temperature of the hot air, and the like were as follows.
[0090]
Condition H: An infrared heater was used to heat the surface side on which the coating film was applied, and all were set to 150 ° C. In addition, a hot air nozzle was used to heat the opposite surface, and the hot air temperature blown out from all the hot air nozzles was set to 100 ° C., and the air speed was set to 10 m / s.
[0091]
Condition I: An infrared heater was used to heat the surface on which the coating film was applied. Ten rows from the inlet side were 250 ° C, the next ten rows were 150 ° C, and the ten rows on the outlet side were 250 ° C. did. In addition, a hot air nozzle was used to heat the opposite surface, and the hot air temperature blown out from all the hot air nozzles was set to 100 ° C., and the air speed was set to 10 m / s.
[0092]
(Comparative example)
In order to clarify the effect of the present invention, an electrode plate was manufactured by a conventional method.
[0093]
The same drying apparatus as that of (Example 1) was used, and the temperature of the infrared heater was set to three conditions J, K, and L shown below.
[0094]
Condition J: All were set to 150 ° C.
[0095]
Condition K: All were set to 200 ° C.
[0096]
Condition L: All were set to 250 ° C.
[0097]
For the above (Example 1) to (Example 3) and (Comparative Example), the maximum coating speed at which drying was possible, the 90 ° peel strength of the electrode plate after drying, and the surface roughness (Ra) were measured. As a result, a battery was prototyped using the dried electrode plate, the number of occurrences of defects such as peeling of the active material coating film in post-processes such as rolling, slitting and winding of the electrode plate, and a leak defect of the prototype battery. Table 1 shows the results of the number of occurrences.
[0098]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004071472
Hereinafter, the results shown in (Table 1) will be described.
[0099]
In the case of producing an electrode plate by a conventional manufacturing method (Comparative Example), when the drying temperature is low as in the condition J, the 90 ° peel strength, that is, the adhesiveness of the electrode plate is high, but the coating speed at which the electrode can be dried is extremely low And productivity is extremely poor. In order to improve the productivity, the total length of the drying device must be increased, which increases the equipment cost and energy cost, and requires a wider installation space for the equipment, thereby increasing the production cost. When the drying temperature is increased with the conditions K and L, the coating speed at which drying can be performed is increased, but the adhesion and surface properties of the electrode plate are significantly reduced, and the active material coating film is peeled off in a later step. Failure and leakage failure in the battery frequently occur.
[0100]
On the other hand, when the drying temperature was changed in the transport direction of the coating film (Example 1), sufficient adhesiveness of the electrode plate was obtained, and defects such as peeling of the active material coating film hardly occurred. Also, since the maximum coating speed at which drying can be performed is high, productivity is high. In particular, under the condition B in which the drying temperature on the inlet side and the outlet side of the drying device is set high and the temperature is set low in the middle part of the drying device, the adhesiveness of the electrode plate is extremely high, and the defect caused by the adhesiveness is completely low. This did not occur, and the maximum drying rate that could be dried could be increased. The surface properties of the electrode plate are equal to or greater than those of the comparative examples in both of the conditions A and B, and the leakage failure of the battery is equal or reduced.
[0101]
In (Example 2), the surface properties of the electrode plate were extremely excellent under any of the conditions C, D, and E, and almost no battery leak failure occurred. In particular, in the batteries under the conditions D and E in which infrared rays were used for heating the side on which the coating film was applied, no leak failure occurred. In addition, in all of the conditions C, D, and E, in addition to the surface on which the coating was applied, heating was also performed from the opposite surface, so that the coating was applied at the same drying temperature from the surface on which the coating was applied. The maximum drying speed that can be dried was improved as compared with the condition where only heating was performed. Further, under the condition E in which the second invention is combined with the first invention, the adhesion of the electrode plate is extremely high, and no defect such as peeling of the active material coating film in the subsequent step has occurred. The high adhesiveness and high productivity as the effect of the first invention and the excellent electrode surface properties as the effect of the second invention were obtained, and a very high effect was obtained.
[0102]
In (Example 3), under any of the conditions F, G, H, and I, the maximum coating speed at which drying was possible was greatly improved as compared with the condition where drying was performed only by the main drying device. Further, under the condition G in which the third invention was combined with the first invention, the adhesiveness of the electrode plate was extremely high, and no defect such as peeling of the active material coating film in a later step occurred. Under the condition H in which the third invention was combined with the second invention, the surface properties of the electrode plate were extremely excellent, and no battery leakage defect occurred. Further, under the condition I in which the first invention and the second invention are combined with the third invention, the adhesiveness, surface properties, and productivity of the electrode plate are all excellent, and the active material in the later step is excellent. No defects such as peeling of the coating film and no battery leakage occurred, and the maximum coating speed at which drying was possible was the highest among these conditions.
[0103]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a coated sheet having high adhesiveness can be obtained.
[0104]
In addition, the surface of the coating sheet can be smoothed to improve the surface properties.
[0105]
In addition, the time required for completing the drying is short, and the productivity of the coated sheet can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 9, 20 unwinding device
2, 10, 21 current collector
3, 11, 22 Coating device
4, 12, 23 Active material coating
5, 13 Drying equipment
6, 14, 27 winding device
7, 15, 28 Infrared heater
8,16,29 Temperature control device
17 Hot air nozzle
18 Air flow control valve
19 Hot air generator
24 Main dryer
25 heater
26 Heat roll
A, B, C Coating transport direction

Claims (12)

シート上に塗布された、少なくとも被含有物、結着剤および溶媒を含有する塗料の塗膜を乾燥する乾燥手段を備え、
前記乾燥手段は、前記乾燥の対象となるシートの乾燥環境を変化させる塗膜シートの乾燥装置。
A drying means for drying a coating film of a coating material containing at least the substance to be contained, a binder and a solvent, applied on the sheet,
The drying unit is an apparatus for drying a coated sheet that changes a drying environment of a sheet to be dried.
前記変化は、前記乾燥工程の一部において、前記乾燥環境を、従前の状態より乾燥力が弱くなる状態へ移行する変化を含むものである請求項1に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥装置。2. The apparatus for drying a coated sheet according to claim 1, wherein the change includes a change in a part of the drying step, in which the drying environment is shifted to a state in which drying power is weaker than in a previous state. 3. 前記変化は、前記塗膜に含有される前記溶媒の量に応じて行なわれる請求項1に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥装置。The apparatus for drying a coated film sheet according to claim 1, wherein the change is performed in accordance with an amount of the solvent contained in the coated film. 前記乾燥環境の変化は、乾燥雰囲気の温度、風速、前記塗膜の温度、前記乾燥雰囲気の溶媒蒸気濃度の全部または一部を変化させるものである請求項1に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥装置。2. The apparatus for drying a coated sheet according to claim 1, wherein the change in the drying environment changes all or part of the temperature of the drying atmosphere, the wind speed, the temperature of the coating film, and the concentration of the solvent vapor in the drying atmosphere. 3. . シートの一方の面上に塗布された塗料の塗膜を、前記一方の面側から乾燥する乾燥手段と、
前記シートの前記塗膜が塗布されていない面を加熱する加熱手段とを備えた塗膜シートの乾燥装置。
Drying means for drying the coating film of the paint applied on one surface of the sheet from the one surface side,
A heating unit for heating a surface of the sheet on which the coating film is not applied, a drying device for the coating film sheet.
前記加熱手段は、熱風により前記加熱を行う請求項5に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥装置。The apparatus for drying a coated sheet according to claim 5, wherein the heating means performs the heating by hot air. 塗料が塗布されたシートを予熱する予熱手段と、
前記シート上に塗布された前記塗料の塗膜を乾燥する乾燥手段とを備え、
前記予熱手段は、前記塗料に含まれる溶媒が蒸発しない程度の温度で前記予熱を行う塗膜シートの乾燥装置。
A preheating means for preheating the sheet on which the paint is applied,
Drying means for drying a coating film of the paint applied on the sheet,
The preheating means is an apparatus for drying a coating sheet that performs the preheating at a temperature at which the solvent contained in the paint does not evaporate.
シート上に塗布された、少なくとも被含有物、結着剤および溶媒を含有する塗料の塗膜を乾燥する工程を備え、
前記乾燥の工程において、前記乾燥の対象となるシートの乾燥環境を変化させる塗膜シートの乾燥方法。
A step of drying a coating film of a paint containing at least the substance to be contained, a binder and a solvent applied on the sheet,
In the drying step, a method for drying a coated sheet, wherein a drying environment of a sheet to be dried is changed.
前記変化は、前記乾燥工程の一部において、前記乾燥環境を、従前の状態より乾燥力が弱くなる状態へ移行する変化を含むものである請求項8に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥方法。9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the change includes a change in the drying environment to a state in which the drying power becomes weaker than a previous state in a part of the drying step. 10. シートの一方の面上に塗布された塗料の塗膜を、前記一方の面側から乾燥する工程と、
前記乾燥の工程の全部または一部の期間において、前記シートの前記塗膜が塗布されていない面を加熱する工程とを備えた塗膜シートの乾燥方法。
A step of drying a coating film of the paint applied on one surface of the sheet from the one surface side,
Heating the surface of the sheet on which the coating is not applied during all or part of the drying step.
前記加熱は、熱風を用いる請求項10に記載の塗膜シートの乾燥方法。The method according to claim 10, wherein the heating uses hot air. 塗料が塗布されたシートを予熱する工程と、
前記シート上に塗布された前記塗料の塗膜を乾燥する工程とを備え、
前記予熱の工程は、前記塗料に含まれる溶媒が蒸発しない程度の温度で行う塗膜シートの乾燥方法。
A step of preheating the sheet coated with paint,
Drying the coating film of the paint applied on the sheet,
The method of drying a coated film sheet, wherein the preheating step is performed at a temperature at which the solvent contained in the paint does not evaporate.
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