JP2003201487A - Fuel gas for fuel cell - Google Patents

Fuel gas for fuel cell

Info

Publication number
JP2003201487A
JP2003201487A JP2002003215A JP2002003215A JP2003201487A JP 2003201487 A JP2003201487 A JP 2003201487A JP 2002003215 A JP2002003215 A JP 2002003215A JP 2002003215 A JP2002003215 A JP 2002003215A JP 2003201487 A JP2003201487 A JP 2003201487A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel cell
gas
odor
odorant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002003215A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koetsu Hibino
光悦 日比野
Takeshi Takahashi
剛 高橋
Yuichi Yatsugami
裕一 八神
Mikio Wada
三喜男 和田
Tsutomu Ochi
勉 越智
Katsuhiro Kajio
克宏 梶尾
Toshiyuki Inagaki
敏幸 稲垣
Yasuyuki Asai
康之 浅井
Itsushin So
一新 曽
Toshiyuki Suzuki
稔幸 鈴木
Haruhisa Niimi
治久 新美
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to JP2002003215A priority Critical patent/JP2003201487A/en
Priority to US10/323,976 priority patent/US20030126796A1/en
Priority to DE10300556A priority patent/DE10300556B4/en
Publication of JP2003201487A publication Critical patent/JP2003201487A/en
Priority to US11/176,202 priority patent/US20050241233A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
    • C10L3/006—Additives for gaseous fuels detectable by the senses

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a fuel gas for fuel cells which does not poison an electrode catalyst and electrolyte of the fuel cell and is easily detected when the gas is leaked. <P>SOLUTION: An odorant which does not poison the electrode catalyst and electrolyte and loses odor 1 when dissolved in water is added to the fuel gas for fuel cells. As the odorant, a fatty acid such as acetic acid, butyric acid and the like are cited. Thus, an odor is added to the fuel gas without poisoning the electrode catalyst and electrolyte of the fuel cell and with leaving no odor in an exhausted gas from the fuel cell. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は燃料電池用燃料ガ
ス、特に漏洩したことを直ちに感知することができる匂
いを有する燃料電池用燃料ガスに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel gas for a fuel cell, and more particularly to a fuel gas for a fuel cell having an odor capable of immediately detecting a leak.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】燃料電池のアノード側に供給される燃料
電池用燃料ガスとしては、水素或いは天然ガス、ナフサ
等の軽質炭化水素を改質して得た水素リッチな改質ガス
が用いられる。このような燃料電池用燃料ガスは、ガス
漏れが発生した場合に容易に検知できるように予め付臭
剤が添加されているのが一般的である。2. Description of the Related Art As a fuel cell fuel gas supplied to the anode side of a fuel cell, hydrogen or a hydrogen-rich reformed gas obtained by reforming a light hydrocarbon such as natural gas or naphtha is used. Such a fuel gas for a fuel cell is generally added with an odorant in advance so that it can be easily detected when a gas leak occurs.

【０００３】例えば、特開２０００−２３３９０１号公
報にも、硫黄系付臭剤が添加されている燃料ガスの例が
開示されている。For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-233901 also discloses an example of a fuel gas to which a sulfur-based odorant is added.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の燃
料電池用燃料ガスに添加されていた付臭剤は、上述のと
おり硫黄系の物質例えばメルカプタン等であるが、これ
は、燃料電池内の電極触媒或いは電解質を被毒し、燃料
電池の性能低下を引き起こすことが知られている。この
ため、付臭剤の硫黄成分を除去するために脱硫器を設け
ることも考えられるが、必ずしも十分に脱硫できるとは
限らず、上記触媒被毒の問題は完全には解消されない。However, the odorant added to the conventional fuel cell fuel gas is a sulfur-based substance such as mercaptan as described above. It is known that the electrode catalyst or the electrolyte is poisoned and the performance of the fuel cell is deteriorated. Therefore, it is possible to provide a desulfurizer to remove the sulfur component of the odorant, but it is not always possible to sufficiently desulfurize, and the problem of catalyst poisoning cannot be completely solved.

【０００５】さらに、燃料電池は内燃機関のように燃焼
反応は利用しないので、燃料電池の排気ガス中にも付臭
剤が残存し、ガス漏れと混同されやすいという問題もあ
った。Further, since the fuel cell does not utilize the combustion reaction unlike the internal combustion engine, there is a problem that the odorant remains in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell and is easily confused with gas leakage.

【０００６】本発明は、上記従来の課題に鑑みなされた
ものであり、その目的は、燃料電池の電極触媒、電解質
を被毒せず、漏洩時の検知が容易な燃料電池用燃料ガス
を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel gas for a fuel cell which does not poison the electrode catalyst and the electrolyte of the fuel cell and which can be easily detected when leaking. To do.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明は、燃料電池用燃料ガスであって、電極触媒
と電解質を被毒せず、水に溶解して臭いがなくなる付臭
剤が添加されたことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a fuel gas for a fuel cell, which does not poison the electrode catalyst and the electrolyte and dissolves in water to eliminate odor. The agent is added.

【０００８】また、上記燃料電池用燃料ガスにおいて、
付臭剤は臭いを有する脂肪酸であることを特徴とする。Further, in the above fuel gas for fuel cell,
The odorant is characterized by being a fatty acid having an odor.

【０００９】また、上記燃料電池用燃料ガスにおいて、
脂肪酸は酢酸または酪酸であることを特徴とする。Further, in the above fuel gas for fuel cells,
The fatty acid is characterized in that it is acetic acid or butyric acid.

【００１０】上記各構成によれば、付臭剤が燃料電池の
電極触媒、電解質を被毒することを防止でき、かつ漏洩
時には容易に検知できるとともに、水に溶解して臭いが
なくなるので、排出ガスに臭いが残って、ガス漏れと混
同されることを防止できる。According to each of the above-mentioned constitutions, the odorant can be prevented from poisoning the electrode catalyst and the electrolyte of the fuel cell, and when it leaks, it can be easily detected, and it dissolves in water to eliminate the odor. It is possible to prevent the gas from smelling and being confused with gas leakage.

【００１１】[0011]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態（以下
実施形態という）を説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described below.

【００１２】燃料電池に供給される燃料ガスには、上述
したとおり、ガス漏れの検知を容易にするために付臭剤
が添加されており、ガス漏れ時には臭いによってこれを
検出することが可能となっている。このような付臭剤に
は、前述の通り、電極触媒や電解質等を被毒しないもの
を使用する必要がある。As described above, the odorant is added to the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell in order to facilitate the detection of gas leakage. When gas leaks, it is possible to detect this by odor. Has become. As described above, it is necessary to use such an odorant that does not poison the electrode catalyst or the electrolyte.

【００１３】また、燃料電池用燃料ガスが燃料電池に供
給され、反応した後にも、上記付臭剤は反応せずそのま
ま残るので、燃料電池から排出される排気ガスにも燃料
ガスと同様の臭いがつき、ガス漏れと混同するおそれが
ある。このため、燃料電池の排出ガスに臭いをつけない
付臭剤を使用する必要がある。Further, even after the fuel gas for the fuel cell is supplied to the fuel cell and reacted, the odorant remains as it is without reacting, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell has the same odor as the fuel gas. It may be confused with a gas leak. Therefore, it is necessary to use an odorant that does not give off odor to the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.

【００１４】さらに、車両上における燃料電池の燃料ガ
スの生成方法として改質器を用いる場合には、改質後の
水素ガス中に脂肪酸を添加することが望ましい。Further, when a reformer is used as a method for producing a fuel gas for a fuel cell on a vehicle, it is desirable to add a fatty acid to the reformed hydrogen gas.

【００１５】以上の各点から本発明者らが鋭意検討した
結果、付臭剤として臭いを有する脂肪酸を使用すること
が好適であることを見出した。From the above points, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, it was found that it is preferable to use a fatty acid having an odor as an odorant.

【００１６】脂肪酸を付臭剤として使用した場合には、
燃料電池の電極触媒や電解質を被毒することがないの
で、燃料電池の性能低下を防止することができる。When fatty acids are used as odorants,
Since the electrode catalyst of the fuel cell and the electrolyte are not poisoned, it is possible to prevent the performance of the fuel cell from deteriorating.

【００１７】また、脂肪酸のうち、比較的炭素数の少な
いものは刺激臭を有しており、また水に可溶である。こ
のため、脂肪酸が添加された燃料電池用燃料ガスには臭
いがあるが、燃料電池内で起こる電気化学反応により生
成する水に脂肪酸が溶解し、その結果燃料電池の排気ガ
スには臭いが残らない。このため、燃料電池の排出ガス
と漏洩した燃料ガスとを臭いによって混同することがな
くなるので、燃料ガスが燃料電池から漏れた場合には、
確実に検出することが可能となる。Among the fatty acids, those having a relatively small number of carbon atoms have a pungent odor and are soluble in water. Therefore, the fuel gas for fuel cells to which fatty acids are added has an odor, but the fatty acids are dissolved in the water generated by the electrochemical reaction that occurs in the fuel cells, and as a result, the odor remains in the exhaust gas of the fuel cells. Absent. For this reason, the exhaust gas of the fuel cell and the leaked fuel gas are not confused by the odor. Therefore, when the fuel gas leaks from the fuel cell,
It is possible to surely detect.

【００１８】上記付臭剤として使用される脂肪酸として
は、例えば酢酸或いは酪酸がある。これら酢酸或いは酪
酸等は、何れも臭いが強く、かつ電極触媒や電解質への
被毒性がない。更に、燃料電池内での水素と酸素との電
気化学反応により生成した水に溶解するので、燃料電池
の排出ガスは臭わなくなる。Examples of the fatty acid used as the odorant include acetic acid and butyric acid. All of these acetic acid and butyric acid have a strong odor and are not toxic to the electrode catalyst or the electrolyte. Further, since it is dissolved in water produced by the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell, the exhaust gas of the fuel cell does not smell.

【００１９】例えば、上記酪酸の場合には、燃料電池用
燃料ガスに２〜１０ｐｐｍ程度添加すれば、人間の鼻で
十分に感知できる程度に臭うようになり、また、反応生
成水に溶解して燃料電池の排出ガスには臭いが残らなく
なる。For example, in the case of the above-mentioned butyric acid, if it is added to the fuel gas for fuel cell in an amount of about 2 to 10 ppm, it will smell enough to be sensed by the human nose, and it will dissolve in the reaction product water. No odor is left in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.

【００２０】ただし、燃料電池の排出ガス中より水を回
収する場合には、溶けている脂肪酸成分を除去すること
が必要であり、このための除去工程を設けることが好適
である。However, when recovering water from the exhaust gas of the fuel cell, it is necessary to remove the dissolved fatty acid component, and it is preferable to provide a removing step for this purpose.

【００２１】[0021]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
燃料電池用燃料ガスに付臭剤として酢酸、酪酸等の臭い
のある脂肪酸を使用することにより、燃料電池の電極触
媒、電解質を被毒せずに燃料ガスに臭いをつけることが
でき、かつ電気化学反応により生成した水に溶解して燃
料電池の排出ガスには臭いが残らなくなる燃料電池用燃
料ガスを提供できる。As described above, according to the present invention,
By using odorous fatty acids such as acetic acid and butyric acid as the odorant in the fuel gas for fuel cells, it is possible to add odor to the fuel gas without poisoning the fuel cell electrode catalyst and electrolyte. It is possible to provide a fuel cell fuel gas that dissolves in water generated by a chemical reaction and has no odor remaining in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 八神 裕一 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 和田 三喜男 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 越智 勉 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 梶尾 克宏 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 稲垣 敏幸 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 浅井 康之 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 曽 一新 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 稔幸 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 新美 治久 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 5H027 AA02 BA01    ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yuichi Yagami             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mikio Wada             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsutomu Ochi             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuhiro Kajio             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Inagaki             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuyuki Asai             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Soshin             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Suzuki             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruhisa Niimi             1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto             Car Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5H027 AA02 BA01

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 電極触媒と電解質を被毒せず、水に溶解
して臭いがなくなる付臭剤が添加されたことを特徴とす
る燃料電池用燃料ガス。1. A fuel gas for a fuel cell, comprising an odorant which does not poison the electrode catalyst and the electrolyte and dissolves in water to eliminate odor. 【請求項２】 請求項１記載の燃料電池用燃料ガスにお
いて、前記付臭剤は臭いを有する脂肪酸であることを特
徴とする燃料電池用燃料ガス。2. The fuel gas for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the odorant is a fatty acid having an odor. 【請求項３】 請求項２記載の燃料電池用燃料ガスにお
いて、前記脂肪酸は酢酸または酪酸であることを特徴と
する燃料電池用燃料ガス。3. The fuel gas for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the fatty acid is acetic acid or butyric acid.
JP2002003215A 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Fuel gas for fuel cell Pending JP2003201487A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002003215A JP2003201487A (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Fuel gas for fuel cell
US10/323,976 US20030126796A1 (en) 2002-01-10 2002-12-20 Fuel gas for a fuel cell
DE10300556A DE10300556B4 (en) 2002-01-10 2003-01-09 Fuel gas for a fuel cell
US11/176,202 US20050241233A1 (en) 2002-01-10 2005-07-08 Fuel gas for a fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002003215A JP2003201487A (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Fuel gas for fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003201487A true JP2003201487A (en) 2003-07-18

Family

ID=19190852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002003215A Pending JP2003201487A (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Fuel gas for fuel cell

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US20030126796A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003201487A (en)
DE (1) DE10300556B4 (en)

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JP2004311436A (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-11-04 Hewlett-Packard Development Co Lp Fuel cell leakage detection
WO2008016106A1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2008018497A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2008132937A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2008-11-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2009104874A (en) * 2007-10-23 2009-05-14 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system

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JP4333112B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2009-09-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP4916882B2 (en) * 2003-09-30 2012-04-18 ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド Electrolyte with indicator
US7851097B2 (en) * 2006-08-09 2010-12-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system

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