JP2002340296A - Liquefied gas vaporizing and heating device - Google Patents
Liquefied gas vaporizing and heating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002340296A JP2002340296A JP2001146273A JP2001146273A JP2002340296A JP 2002340296 A JP2002340296 A JP 2002340296A JP 2001146273 A JP2001146273 A JP 2001146273A JP 2001146273 A JP2001146273 A JP 2001146273A JP 2002340296 A JP2002340296 A JP 2002340296A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antifreeze
- liquefied gas
- heating
- heater
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、空気を主熱源と
して、液化天然ガス（ＬＮＧ）、液化石油ガス（ＬＰ
Ｇ）、液化窒素、液化酸素等の液化ガスを気化及び／又
は加熱する、あるいは気化した後の前記低温ガスを加熱
するための空温式液化ガス気化・加熱装置に係り、熱媒
体としての不凍液又は水を該気化・加熱装置に散水又は
浸漬して熱交換させ手循環させる構成として安定的な気
化・加熱を実現し、さらには外気温度が極端に低下して
も当該不凍液等を所定温度に昇温し、氷着などなく安定
した気化・加熱を可能にした液化ガス気化・加熱装置に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LP) using air as a main heat source.
G) an air-cooled liquefied gas vaporizer / heater for vaporizing and / or heating a liquefied gas such as liquefied nitrogen or liquefied oxygen, or heating the low-temperature gas after vaporization, and an antifreeze liquid as a heat medium Alternatively, water is sprinkled or immersed in the vaporizing / heating device to perform heat exchange by performing heat exchange to realize stable vaporizing / heating, and furthermore, even when the outside air temperature is extremely reduced, the antifreeze liquid or the like is kept at a predetermined temperature. The present invention relates to a liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device that can stably vaporize and heat without rising ice and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の空温式液化ガス気化器には、古く
から自然対流型があり、これの改良型として、特開平９
−３０３６９６号公報に開示の強制対流型と、特開平１
１−２９４６９４号公報に開示の強制循環型がある。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional air-heated liquefied gas vaporizer has a natural convection type for a long time.
No. 3,303,696 discloses a forced convection type.
There is a forced circulation type disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-294694.
【０００３】自然対流型は、単純に大気の自然対流によ
り低温液化ガスを気化させるものである。これに対し
て、特開平９−３０３６９６号公報の強制対流型は、フ
ァンにより大気を強制対流させて低温液化ガスを気化さ
せるものである。The natural convection type simply vaporizes a low-temperature liquefied gas by natural convection of the atmosphere. On the other hand, in the forced convection type disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-303696, the low-temperature liquefied gas is vaporized by forcibly convection the atmosphere with a fan.
【０００４】また、特開平１１−２９４６９４号公報の
強制循環型は、密閉ハウジング内の空気を強制循環させ
て低温液化ガスを気化させると同時に、外気で加温した
ブライン等を循環し密閉ハウジング内の循環空気を加温
するものである。In the forced circulation type disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-294694, air in a closed housing is forcibly circulated to vaporize a low-temperature liquefied gas, and at the same time, brine or the like heated by outside air is circulated to the inside of the closed housing. The circulating air is heated.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】自然対流式は短時間に
過大な氷着が発生して、頻繁に予備機と切り替え運転し
なければならず、また、大気中の水分が霧化して白煙公
害を発生する。In the natural convection type, excessive icing occurs in a short period of time, and it is necessary to frequently switch over to a standby unit. In addition, moisture in the atmosphere is atomized and white smoke is generated. Generates pollution.
【０００６】これに対して、前者の強制対流型は、ファ
ンにより大気を強制対流させているので、氷着温度は鈍
化しているが、一定時間経過すればやはり過大な氷着が
発生し、実際の運転では温水散水による間歇的な解氷作
業を実施しており、着霜及び着氷問題は根本的には解決
されていない。On the other hand, in the former forced convection type, the icing temperature is slowed down because the air is forcedly convected by a fan, but after a certain period of time, excessive icing also occurs. In actual operation, intermittent deicing work is performed by hot water sprinkling, and the problem of frost and icing has not been fundamentally solved.
【０００７】また、後者の強制循環型は、密閉ハウジン
グ内の空気を強制循環さえて低温液化ガスを気化させて
いるので、ハウジングの密閉度が完全であれば理論的に
は着霜及び着氷するのは当初ハウジング内にあった密閉
空気中の水分のみに限定されるはずである。[0007] In the latter forced circulation type, since the low-temperature liquefied gas is vaporized by forcibly circulating the air in the closed housing, frost formation and icing are theoretically possible if the degree of sealing of the housing is perfect. This should be limited to only the moisture in the sealed air that was initially in the housing.
【０００８】しかし、実際の運転では緩やかに着霜及び
着氷が進展し、着霜及び着氷問題は完全には解決されて
いない。また、循環系統が空気とブライン系の２系統あ
り、構造が複雑で設備費が高価となる。However, in actual operation, frost formation and icing progress slowly, and the problem of frost formation and icing has not been completely solved. In addition, there are two circulation systems, air and brine, and the structure is complicated and the equipment cost is high.
【０００９】この発明は、空気を主熱源として、液化天
然ガス（ＬＮＧ）、液化石油ガス（ＬＰＧ）、液化窒
素、液化酸素等の液化ガスを気化及び／又は加熱する、
あるいは気化した後の前記低温ガスを加熱するための空
温式液化ガス気化・加熱装置の提供を目的としている。The present invention vaporizes and / or heats a liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied nitrogen, or liquefied oxygen using air as a main heat source.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an air-heated liquefied gas vaporizer / heater for heating the low-temperature gas after vaporization.
【００１０】また、この発明は、上述の空温式液化ガス
気化・加熱装置における着霜及び着氷問題を解決し、さ
らには従来では空温式の構成が設置ができないほどの外
気温度が低下する立地条件でも、安定した連続運転が可
能な液化ガス気化・加熱装置を提供することを目的とし
ている。The present invention also solves the problem of frost and icing in the above-mentioned air-heated liquefied gas vaporization / heating apparatus, and further reduces the outside air temperature so that a conventional air-heated construction cannot be installed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquefied gas vaporizer / heater capable of performing stable continuous operation even in a location condition.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】発明者は、空温式液化ガ
ス気化・加熱装置における着霜及び着氷を発生させない
構成を目的に種々検討した結果、従来装置と異なり、大
気を低温液化ガスと直接接触させないよう、不凍液を中
間熱媒体として採用することにより、すなわち、大気と
不凍液、不凍液と低温液化ガスという２段階で熱交換を
させることにより、着霜及び着氷問題を解決できること
を知見した。The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies for the purpose of preventing frost and icing from occurring in an air-heated liquefied gas vaporizing and heating apparatus. It was found that the problem of frost formation and icing can be solved by adopting antifreeze as an intermediate heat medium so that it does not come into direct contact with the air, that is, by exchanging heat in two stages: air and antifreeze, and antifreeze and low-temperature liquefied gas. did.
【００１２】しかし、上述の構成の不凍液を用いる空温
式液化ガス気化・加熱装置において、例えば、液化ガス
気化・加熱装置にオープンラック式熱交換器、不凍液の
加温・循環手段にファン式のプレートフィン型熱交換器
を用いた場合、例えば外気温度が極端に低下すると、前
記各熱交換器はその性能が大幅に低下し、運転できなく
なる可能性がある。However, in the air-heated liquefied gas vaporizer / heater using the antifreeze having the above-mentioned structure, for example, an open rack heat exchanger is used for the liquefied gas vaporizer / heater, and a fan type is used for the means for heating / circulating the antifreeze. When a plate fin type heat exchanger is used, for example, when the outside air temperature is extremely reduced, the performance of each of the heat exchangers is significantly reduced, and there is a possibility that the heat exchangers cannot be operated.
【００１３】そこで発明者は、この外気温の低下に対応
して安定した運転を実現すべく種々検討した結果、不凍
液の加温用熱交換器を複数段として、初段の空温式熱交
換器で十分に昇温できない場合に初段熱交換器を経た不
凍液の一部又は全部をさらに空気あるいは空気以外の熱
媒体を用いた補助熱交換器で昇温することが可能な熱交
換器の構成とすることにより、外気温の変動並びに例え
ばＬＮＧ負荷変動があっても対応でき、また不凍液に換
えて水を使用でき、安定した省エネルギー運転が可能と
なることを知見し、この発明を完成した。The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies to realize a stable operation in response to the decrease in the outside air temperature. As a result, the first stage of the air-heat type heat exchanger has a plurality of heat exchangers for heating the antifreeze liquid. The structure of a heat exchanger that can raise the temperature of some or all of the antifreeze that has passed through the first-stage heat exchanger with an auxiliary heat exchanger that uses air or a heat medium other than air when the temperature cannot be raised sufficiently By doing so, it was found that it was possible to cope with fluctuations in the outside air temperature and fluctuations in the LNG load, for example, that water could be used instead of antifreeze, and that stable energy-saving operation was possible, and the present invention was completed.
【００１４】すなわち、この発明は、液化ガス気化・加
熱装置に対して熱媒体として不凍液又は水を散水又はこ
れに浸漬して熱交換させ、冷却された不凍液又は水を加
温して再度該気化・加熱装置に送る加温・循環手段を有
する液化ガス気化・加熱装置である。That is, according to the present invention, an antifreeze or water as a heat medium is sprinkled or immersed in a liquefied gas vaporizer / heater to exchange heat, and the cooled antifreeze or water is heated and vaporized again. A liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device having a heating / circulating means for sending to a heating device.
【００１５】すなわち、この発明は、上記構成の液化ガ
ス気化・加熱装置において、気化・加熱装置の出口ガス
をさらに昇温させるための補助加温手段を備えた構成、
不凍液又は水の加温手段の熱源が空気である構成、不凍
液又は水の循環手段に不凍液の品質を維持するための処
理装置を付加した構成不凍液又は水の散水あるいは浸漬
を非酸素雰囲気で実施する手段を備えた構成、不凍液又
は水の加温手段が複数の熱交換器を有し、外気温に応じ
て選択使用する構成、液化ガス気化・加熱装置にオープ
ンラック型、不凍液又は水の加温手段にプレートフィン
型熱交換器を用いた構成を併せて提案する。That is, according to the present invention, in the liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device having the above-described structure, an auxiliary heating means for further increasing the temperature of the outlet gas of the vaporizing / heating device is provided.
A configuration in which the heat source of the antifreeze or water heating means is air, and a configuration in which a processing device for maintaining the quality of the antifreeze is added to the antifreeze or water circulation means. Configuration with means, antifreeze or water heating means has multiple heat exchangers, selective use according to outside temperature, open rack type for liquefied gas vaporization and heating device, antifreeze or water heating A configuration using a plate fin heat exchanger as a means is also proposed.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明による液化ガス気化・加
熱装置は、不凍液を中間熱媒体として採用して、大気と
不凍液、必要に応じて補助熱交換器で空気以外の熱媒体
と不凍液、不凍液と低温液化ガスという２〜３段階で熱
交換をさせることにより、従来の空温式装置で不可避で
あった着霜及び着氷問題を解決し、さらに外気温の極端
な低下にも安定した連続運転を可能としたものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A liquefied gas vaporizing / heating apparatus according to the present invention employs an antifreeze as an intermediate heat medium, and uses an air and an antifreeze as an intermediate heat medium and, if necessary, a heat medium other than air, an antifreeze and an antifreeze with an auxiliary heat exchanger. By exchanging heat in two or three stages of liquefied gas and low-temperature liquefied gas, the problem of frost and icing that was unavoidable with conventional air-heated devices is solved, and stable continuous operation is possible even when the outside air temperature drops extremely. Driving was made possible.
【００１７】この発明において、液化ガス気化器には、
不凍液との熱交換が可能であれば、公知のいずれの構成
の熱交換器であっても採用でき、例えばオープンラック
式のほか、シェルアンドチューブ式、浸漬式、撹拌式等
を採用できる。In the present invention, the liquefied gas vaporizer includes:
As long as heat exchange with the antifreeze is possible, any known heat exchanger can be employed. For example, an open rack type, a shell and tube type, a dipping type, a stirring type, or the like can be used.
【００１８】ここで、不凍液を熱媒体として採用して不
凍液と低温液化ガスの熱交換にオープンラック式熱交換
器で散水使用し、この冷却された不凍液を加熱するため
の熱交換器にプレートフィン型を使用することが想定さ
れる。さらにかかる熱交換器の構成の場合、不凍液に塩
化カルシウム水溶液等の腐食性のあるものを用いると、
この循環経路がオープンとなり、不凍液中の溶存酸素の
影響により熱交換器などの腐食が懸念される。Here, an antifreeze solution is used as a heat medium, and water is sprayed and used in an open rack type heat exchanger for heat exchange between the antifreeze solution and the low-temperature liquefied gas, and a plate fin is used as a heat exchanger for heating the cooled antifreeze solution. It is assumed that types are used. Further, in the case of such a heat exchanger configuration, when a corrosive material such as an aqueous solution of calcium chloride is used for the antifreeze,
This circulation path is opened, and there is a concern that corrosion of the heat exchanger and the like may occur due to the effect of dissolved oxygen in the antifreeze.
【００１９】そこで、オープンラック式熱交換器を密閉
容器内に収納し、例えば窒素雰囲気下で不凍液散水を行
えば、オープンラック式並びにプレートフィン型熱交換
器の腐食を防止できる。Therefore, if the open rack type heat exchanger is housed in a closed container and sprinkled with antifreeze in a nitrogen atmosphere, for example, corrosion of the open rack type and plate fin type heat exchangers can be prevented.
【００２０】すなわち、オープンラック式、浸漬式、撹
拌式等の構成において、不凍液の散水や浸漬等を非酸素
雰囲気で実施する手段を設ける。例えば、オープンラッ
ク式熱交換器全体を密閉容器内に収納して、密閉容器内
に窒素ガスを充填し、窒素ガス雰囲気中で不凍液の散水
を行うことで、不凍液中に酸素を溶存させることがな
い。That is, in a configuration such as an open rack type, an immersion type, or a stirring type, a means is provided for performing water spraying or immersion of the antifreeze in a non-oxygen atmosphere. For example, it is possible to dissolve oxygen in the antifreeze by storing the entire open rack heat exchanger in a closed container, filling the closed container with nitrogen gas, and spraying the antifreeze in a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Absent.
【００２１】また、不凍液の使用は、所定濃度を通年で
常時使用することも、所定期間のみの使用で他の期間は
濃度を低くしたり、あるいはＬＮＧの代わりに低温ＮＧ
やＬＰＧをオープンラック式加熱器に導入して常温のＮ
ＧやＰＧに加温する場合に、ＬＮＧのようにパネルの氷
着を懸念する必要がない等の場合は、単に水などを使用
することも可能であり、水などの使用時は前記密閉容器
を解放して大気雰囲気とすることができる。The antifreeze liquid may be used at a predetermined concentration throughout the year, or may be used only for a predetermined period to reduce the concentration during other periods, or to use a low-temperature NG instead of LNG.
And LPG are introduced into an open rack heater, and N
When heating the G or PG, if there is no need to worry about icing of the panel as in LNG, it is possible to simply use water or the like. To release the atmosphere.
【００２２】この発明において、不凍液は、気化装置の
設計条件や採用する液化ガス気化器、不凍液加温器など
の構成に応じて適宜選定する。例えば、凝固点、伝熱特
性、毒性などの各種物性などを適用する機器に応じて比
較検討して、塩化カルシウム水溶液、エチレングリコー
ル水溶液、プロピレングリコール水溶液などより適宜選
定する。In the present invention, the antifreeze is appropriately selected according to the design conditions of the vaporizer and the configuration of the liquefied gas vaporizer and the antifreeze heater used. For example, a comparative study is made in accordance with equipment to which various physical properties such as a freezing point, heat transfer characteristics, and toxicity are applied, and an appropriate solution is selected from a calcium chloride aqueous solution, an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, a propylene glycol aqueous solution and the like.
【００２３】この発明において、不凍液の加温手段、循
環手段には、前記の液化ガス気化器の構成に応じて、公
知の手段を適宜選定利用することができる。例えば、実
施例に示すオープンラック式気化器において、空気によ
る不凍液加温器を用いて、加温した不凍液を気化器に散
水し、これを受水槽で回収して循環ポンプを備えて、循
環使用するための不凍液加温器への循環配管を設けた構
成などとすることができる。In the present invention, known means can be appropriately selected and used as the means for heating and circulating the antifreeze liquid in accordance with the configuration of the liquefied gas vaporizer. For example, in the open rack type evaporator shown in the embodiment, using an antifreeze liquid heater with air, the heated antifreeze is sprayed on the evaporator, collected in a water receiving tank, provided with a circulation pump, and used for circulation. For example, a circulation pipe is provided to the antifreeze warmer.
【００２４】また、プレートフィン型熱交換器を用いる
ことで効率の良い加温が可能となる。また、加温手段、
循環手段には、不凍液を気化器用熱交換器と加温器用熱
交換器との間を密閉構成で循環させることも可能であ
る。Further, the use of the plate fin type heat exchanger enables efficient heating. Also, heating means,
The circulation means may circulate the antifreeze in a closed configuration between the heat exchanger for the vaporizer and the heat exchanger for the heater.
【００２５】この加温手段において、熱交換器には主昇
温用として空気ファン式のプレートフィン型熱交換器を
用いるが、例えばその後段に１〜２の補助熱交換器をバ
イパス配置し、主昇温用熱交換器を通過した不凍液の温
度が所定温度まで昇温しない際に、その一部又は全部を
補助熱交換器で既定値に昇温し、外気温度の変動や液化
ガス気化器の負荷変動などに対応できるよう補助熱交換
器の使用条件を適宜選択できる構成とする。In this heating means, an air fan type plate fin type heat exchanger is used as a heat exchanger for main temperature increase. For example, one or two auxiliary heat exchangers are arranged in a bypass at the subsequent stage. When the temperature of the antifreeze that has passed through the main heat exchanger does not rise to a predetermined temperature, part or all of the temperature is raised to a predetermined value by the auxiliary heat exchanger, and the temperature of the outside air fluctuates and the liquefied gas vaporizer The use condition of the auxiliary heat exchanger can be appropriately selected so as to be able to cope with the load fluctuation and the like.
【００２６】この補助熱交換器には、プレートフィン型
熱交換器を初め、公知のいずれの構成の熱交換器も採用
でき、熱媒体も空気あるいは空気以外の熱媒体を用いる
など、その構成や数のほか、配管やバイパス手段をも適
宜選定できる。As the auxiliary heat exchanger, any known heat exchanger such as a plate fin type heat exchanger can be employed, and its heat medium is air or a heat medium other than air. In addition to the number, piping and bypass means can be appropriately selected.
【００２７】さらに、必要に応じて、長期間運転後の不
凍液の性状変化対策として、循環配管中に不凍液の品質
を維持するための公知のフィルター類、濃度調整などの
処理装置を付加することも可能である。Further, if necessary, as a countermeasure against the property change of the antifreeze after long-term operation, a known filter for maintaining the quality of the antifreeze in the circulation pipe and a processing device such as concentration adjustment may be added. It is possible.
【００２８】大気温度が低く、液化ガス気化器の出口ガ
ス温度が低くなるような設計条件の場合には、例えば、
同気化器の出口ガス配管中に補助加温器を設置すること
も可能である。この補助加温器の型式としては、設計条
件に応じて、大気による自然対流式加温器、大気による
強制対流式加温器、各種温水熱源加温器等より適宜選定
すればよい。In the case of design conditions where the atmospheric temperature is low and the outlet gas temperature of the liquefied gas vaporizer is low, for example,
It is also possible to install an auxiliary heater in the outlet gas pipe of the vaporizer. The type of the auxiliary heating device may be appropriately selected from a natural convection heating device using air, a forced convection heating device using air, various types of hot water heat source heaters, and the like, according to design conditions.
【００２９】[0029]
【実施例】実施例１ 図１において、気化・加熱装置本体１は、フィンチュー
ブを多数立設してその外周に設けたスターフィン同士を
突き合わせてパネル状に形成し、当該熱交換パネルの上
部より不凍液を散水ノズル６にて流下させ、低温液化ガ
スをチューブ下端より導入して熱交換、昇温させる構成
からなり、熱交換パネルの下方には受水槽７が配置され
ている。EXAMPLE 1 In FIG. 1, a main body 1 of a vaporizing / heating device is formed in a panel shape by erecting a large number of fin tubes and abutting star fins provided on the outer periphery of the fin tubes. The antifreeze liquid is made to flow down at the water spray nozzle 6 and a low-temperature liquefied gas is introduced from the lower end of the tube to exchange heat and raise the temperature. A water receiving tank 7 is arranged below the heat exchange panel.
【００３０】なお、低温液化ガスとは、別途前段の気化
装置でほぼ気化しているＬＮＧやＬＰＧ、あるいはカロ
リー調整のために低温ＮＧにＬＰＧを混合したものな
ど、ＬＮＧのみで大きな極低温エネルギーを有するよう
なものでなく、所定温度までの加温並びに一部は気化を
要するような性状のものをいう。The low-temperature liquefied gas is defined as LNG or LPG which is almost vaporized in a separate vaporizer, or a mixture of LPG and low-temperature NG for calorie adjustment. It does not have such properties, but refers to properties that require heating to a predetermined temperature and some of which require vaporization.
【００３１】ここで、気化・加熱装置本体１、散水ノズ
ル６、受水槽７及び配管を含めて全てが、密閉容器１１
内に収容配置されている。密閉容器１１の下部には、窒
素ガス導入管１２と空気導入管１４が設けられ、上部に
はガス排出管１３を設けてあり、容器内を窒素ガス雰囲
気に置換することが可能になっている。Here, the entire body including the vaporizing / heating device main body 1, the water sprinkling nozzle 6, the water receiving tank 7, and the piping is a closed vessel 11
It is housed and arranged inside. A nitrogen gas introduction pipe 12 and an air introduction pipe 14 are provided at the lower part of the closed vessel 11, and a gas discharge pipe 13 is provided at the upper part, so that the inside of the vessel can be replaced with a nitrogen gas atmosphere. .
【００３２】さらに図示しないが、密閉容器１１内の酸
素濃度の測定並びに警報装置が付設してあり、窒素ガス
雰囲気中の酸素濃度の検出、メンテナンス時の空気（酸
素）濃度の検出を行う構成である。なお、空気導入管１
４はファンを用いた密閉可能な空調装置であってもよ
い。Although not shown, a device for measuring the oxygen concentration in the closed vessel 11 and an alarm device are provided to detect the oxygen concentration in the nitrogen gas atmosphere and the air (oxygen) concentration during maintenance. is there. In addition, the air introduction pipe 1
Reference numeral 4 may be an air-conditioning device that can be hermetically sealed using a fan.
【００３３】上記構成において、受水槽７内の不凍液
は、循環ポンプ３にて不凍液加温器２へ送られる。不凍
液加温器２はプレートフィン型熱交換器からなり、空気
ファン８にて不凍液が熱源の空気で加温されて、循環配
管９を経て不凍液が散水ノズル６へと送られる。In the above configuration, the antifreeze in the water receiving tank 7 is sent to the antifreeze heater 2 by the circulation pump 3. The antifreeze warmer 2 is composed of a plate-fin type heat exchanger. The antifreeze is heated by the air of the heat source by the air fan 8, and the antifreeze is sent to the water spray nozzle 6 through the circulation pipe 9.
【００３４】さらに、配管９には、不凍液補助加温器２
１が並列配置されており、図示しないバルブなどにより
不凍液加温器２で昇温した不凍液の一部又は全部が導
入、加温可能に構成されている。不凍液補助加温器２１
には、シェルアンドチューブ型熱交換器などが採用で
き、熱源には温水が用いられる。Further, the antifreeze auxiliary heater 2 is connected to the pipe 9.
1 are arranged in parallel, and a part or all of the antifreeze liquid heated by the antifreeze liquid heater 2 can be introduced and heated by a valve (not shown) or the like. Antifreeze auxiliary heater 21
For example, a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger can be adopted, and hot water is used as a heat source.
【００３５】このシステムでは、外気温度が設定値Ｔ1
より高い時は、まず不凍液加温器２において空気により
不凍液を加温する。すなわち、不凍液補助加温器２１を
休止させ、全ての液化ガス吸収熱量を外気より吸収する
ことにより、気化・加熱装置本体１入口の不凍液温度を
設定温度に昇温し、その不凍液を散水ノズル６より気化
・加熱装置本体１に供給して低温液化ガスを、加熱、気
化させ、回収した不凍液は循環ポンプ３により再度不凍
液加温器２に戻して循環使用するものである。In this system, the outside air temperature is set at a set value T 1.
When it is higher, the antifreeze is first heated by air in the antifreeze heater 2. That is, the antifreeze auxiliary heater 21 is stopped, and all the liquefied gas absorption heat is absorbed from the outside air, so that the temperature of the antifreeze at the inlet of the vaporization / heating device main body 1 is raised to the set temperature, and the antifreeze is discharged into the watering nozzle 6. The low-temperature liquefied gas supplied to the vaporization / heating device main body 1 is further heated and vaporized, and the recovered antifreeze is returned to the antifreeze heater 2 again by the circulation pump 3 for circulating use.
【００３６】外気温度がＴ1より低く設定値Ｔ2より高い
時は、不凍液加温器２を出た不凍液の一部又は全部を不
凍液補助加温器２１に導入して昇温する。すなわち、一
部の液化ガス吸収熱量を不凍液補助加温器２１で与え、
残りを外気より吸収することにより、気化・加熱装置本
体１入口の不凍液温度を設定温度に昇温する。When the outside air temperature is lower than T 1 and higher than the set value T 2 , part or all of the antifreeze that has exited the antifreeze heater 2 is introduced into the antifreeze auxiliary heater 21 to increase the temperature. That is, a part of the liquefied gas absorption heat is given by the antifreeze auxiliary heating unit 21,
By absorbing the remainder from the outside air, the temperature of the antifreeze at the inlet of the vaporizing / heating device main body 1 is raised to the set temperature.
【００３７】外気温度がＴ2より低い時は、ファン８を
作動させずに不凍液加温器２を出た不凍液の全部を不凍
液補助加温器２１に導入して昇温する。すなわち、全て
の低温液化ガス吸収熱量を不凍液補助加温器２１で与え
ることにより、気化・加熱装置本体１入口の不凍液温度
を設定温度に昇温する。When the outside air temperature is lower than T 2 , all of the antifreeze that has exited the antifreeze heater 2 without operating the fan 8 is introduced into the antifreeze auxiliary heater 21 to increase the temperature. That is, all the low-temperature liquefied gas absorption heat is given by the antifreeze auxiliary heating device 21 to raise the antifreeze temperature at the inlet of the vaporization / heating device main body 1 to the set temperature.
【００３８】従って、気化・加熱装置本体１と不凍液加
温器２はともに凍結をほぼ完全に防止することができる
ので、伝熱面積を有効に利用することにより、従来より
設備費を大幅に低減できるとともに、補助熱源の利用を
最小限とできるため、運転費も低減できる。Accordingly, since both the vaporizing / heating device main body 1 and the antifreeze liquid heater 2 can almost completely prevent freezing, the cost of equipment can be significantly reduced by effectively utilizing the heat transfer area. Operation costs can be reduced because the use of the auxiliary heat source can be minimized.
【００３９】また、不凍液は熱容量が大であり、不凍液
自体の温度追従性が悪いことから、気化・加熱装置本体
１側のガス負荷変動が激しい、あるいは大きい場合に
は、気化ガス定格負荷で性能を満足する外気温度Ｔ1を
先ず固定し、次に定格運転での気化・加熱装置本体１に
おける不凍液の入口出口温度差を△Ｔとした時に、Ｔ2
＝Ｔ1−△Ｔで固定する制御を行うことが好ましい。The antifreeze has a large heat capacity and the antifreeze itself has poor temperature followability. Therefore, when the gas load on the main body 1 of the vaporization / heating apparatus fluctuates greatly or is large, the performance at the rated load of the vaporized gas is used. when first fixing the outside air temperature T 1 satisfying, then the inlet outlet temperature difference of the antifreeze shown in the vaporization and heating apparatus main body 1 at a rated operation △ is T a, T 2
= T 1 − 制 御 T.
【００４０】一方、液化ガス負荷変動が穏やか、あるい
は小さな場合には、液化ガス各負荷で性能を満足する外
気温度Ｔ1を先ず設定し、次に各運転での気化・加熱装
置本体１における不凍液の入口出口温度差を△Ｔとした
時に、Ｔ2＝Ｔ1−△Ｔで設定し、このＴ1及びＴ2を液化
ガス負荷に応じて適宜変化すれば、上記の固定する場合
と比較して省エネルギー運転が可能となる。On the other hand, when the liquefied gas load fluctuation is gentle or small, the outside air temperature T 1 that satisfies the performance at each liquefied gas load is first set, and then the antifreeze liquid in the vaporizing / heating device main body 1 in each operation is set. When the inlet-outlet temperature difference is ΔT, T 2 = T 1 −ΔT is set, and if these T 1 and T 2 are appropriately changed according to the liquefied gas load, it is compared with the above fixed case. Energy-saving operation is possible.
【００４１】また、不凍液に塩化カルシウム水溶液など
の腐食性のある不凍液を用いた場合に、前記密閉容器１
１内を窒素ガス雰囲気にすることで、不凍液は密閉循環
経路を循環することになり、酸素を巻き込むことがな
く、オープンラック型気化・加熱装置本体１とプレート
フィン型熱交換器の不凍液加温器２、不凍液補助加温器
２１並びに各配管を腐食させることがなく、長期間にわ
たって安定して連続運転を実現できる。When a corrosive antifreeze such as an aqueous solution of calcium chloride is used as the antifreeze, the closed container 1
By setting the inside of the furnace 1 to a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the antifreeze circulates in a closed circulation path, without entrainment of oxygen, and the antifreeze heating of the open rack type vaporizer / heater main body 1 and the plate fin type heat exchanger. The continuous operation can be stably performed for a long period of time without corroding the vessel 2, the antifreeze auxiliary heating unit 21 and each pipe.
【００４２】また、冬期の空気温度が低下した場合の対
策として、低温液化ガス気化・加熱装置本体１の出口ガ
スをさらに昇温させるための補助加温器４を付設してお
くことができる。Further, as a countermeasure when the air temperature in winter falls, an auxiliary heater 4 for further increasing the temperature of the outlet gas of the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization / heating device main body 1 can be provided.
【００４３】また、循環配管中に不凍液の品質を維持す
るため、循環ポンプ３からの循環不凍液は、バイパス配
管１０にて不凍液処理装置５に送られて、不凍液の所定
の品質を維持するように処理される。Further, in order to maintain the quality of the antifreeze in the circulation pipe, the circulating antifreeze from the circulation pump 3 is sent to the antifreeze processing apparatus 5 through the bypass pipe 10 so that the predetermined quality of the antifreeze is maintained. It is processed.
【００４４】実施例２ 処理対象が低温ＮＧのみの場合は、図２に示すごとく、
実施例１の構成において、循環する不凍液の換わりに水
を用い、密閉容器１１や循環不凍液処理装置５、低温ガ
スの補助加温器４を除いた構成の気化・加熱装置を用い
た。Embodiment 2 When the processing target is only low-temperature NG, as shown in FIG.
In the configuration of the first embodiment, water is used in place of the circulating antifreeze, and a vaporizing / heating device having a configuration excluding the closed container 11, the circulating antifreeze treatment device 5, and the auxiliary low-temperature gas heater 4 is used.
【００４５】すなわち、受水槽７内の水は、循環ポンプ
３にて加温器２ａへ送られる。加温器２ａはプレートフ
ィン型熱交換器からなり、空気ファン８にて熱源の空気
が送られて水を加温して、循環配管９を経て温水が散水
ノズル６へと送られる。That is, the water in the water receiving tank 7 is sent to the heater 2 a by the circulation pump 3. The heater 2a is composed of a plate-fin type heat exchanger, and the air of the heat source is sent by the air fan 8 to heat the water, and the hot water is sent to the watering nozzle 6 through the circulation pipe 9.
【００４６】さらに、配管９には、補助加温器２１ａが
配置されており、加温器２ａで昇温した水が導入、加温
可能に構成されている。補助加温器２１ａには、シェル
アンドチューブ型熱交換器などが採用でき、熱源には別
途得られる温水が用いられる。Further, an auxiliary heater 21a is disposed in the pipe 9, so that water heated by the heater 2a can be introduced and heated. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger or the like can be adopted as the auxiliary heater 21a, and hot water obtained separately is used as a heat source.
【００４７】[0047]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、従来の自然対流式の
ごとく、過大な氷着にて切り替え運転するための予備機
が不要であり、また強制対流型のごとく、一定時間経過
後に発生する過大な氷着のために間歇的な解氷作業を実
施する必要がなく、また、強制循環型の如く複雑な循環
系が不要で、着霜及び着氷問題を解決するとともに、循
環系統を不凍液の１系統のみの構造が単純であり、設備
費が安価となる。According to the present invention, as in the case of the conventional natural convection type, there is no need for a spare machine for switching operation with excessive ice deposition, and as in the case of the forced convection type, it occurs after a lapse of a predetermined time. There is no need to carry out intermittent defrosting work due to excessive icing, and there is no need for a complicated circulation system such as a forced circulation type. The structure of only one system is simple, and the equipment cost is low.
【００４８】この発明によると、実施例に明らかなよう
に着霜及び着氷問題を解決し、また不凍液種によっては
懸念される熱交換器の腐食も防止でき、長期間安定した
連続運転が可能な空温式の液化ガス気化・加熱装置を実
現できる。According to the present invention, as is apparent from the embodiment, the problems of frost and icing can be solved, the heat exchanger can be prevented from being corroded depending on the type of antifreeze, and stable continuous operation can be performed for a long period of time. It is possible to realize a simple air-temperature type liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device.
【００４９】さらに、従来の空温式では対応できないよ
うな外気温度の低くなる立地条件であっても、従来冬期
用として空温式と併設されていた温水バス式などの燃料
熱源専用の気化器が不要となり、プラント全体の設備及
び設置スペースを大幅に低減できる。Further, even in a location where the outside air temperature is low, which cannot be handled by the conventional air temperature type, a carburetor dedicated to a fuel heat source, such as a hot water bath type, which has been provided together with the air temperature type for the winter season. Becomes unnecessary, and the equipment and installation space of the entire plant can be significantly reduced.
【図１】この発明による液化ガス気化・加熱装置の構成
を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device according to the present invention.
【図２】この発明による液化ガス気化・加熱装置の他の
構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing another configuration of the liquefied gas vaporizing / heating device according to the present invention.
１ 気化・加熱装置本体 ２ 不凍液加温器 ２ａ 加温器 ３ 循環ポンプ ４ 低温ガスの補助加温器 ５ 循環不凍液処理装置 ６ 散水ノズル ７ 受水槽 ８ 空気ファン ９ 循環配管 １０ バイパス配管 １１ 密閉容器 １２ 窒素ガス導入管 １３ ガス排出管 １４ 空気導入管 ２１ 不凍液補助加温器 ２１ａ 補助加温器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vaporization / heating apparatus main body 2 Antifreeze liquid heater 2a Heater 3 Circulation pump 4 Auxiliary heater for low-temperature gas 5 Circulating antifreeze liquid treatment device 6 Spray nozzle 7 Water receiving tank 8 Air fan 9 Circulation pipe 10 Bypass pipe 11 Sealed vessel 12 Nitrogen gas inlet pipe 13 Gas exhaust pipe 14 Air inlet pipe 21 Antifreeze auxiliary heater 21a Auxiliary heater
Claims (7)
として不凍液又は水を散水又はこれに浸漬して熱交換さ
せ、冷却された不凍液又は水を加温して再度該気化・加
熱装置に送る加温・循環手段を有する液化ガス気化・加
熱装置。1. An antifreeze or water as a heat medium is sprayed on or immersed in a liquefied gas vaporizer / heater to cause heat exchange, and the cooled antifreeze or water is heated and heated again to the vaporizer / heater. A liquefied gas vaporizer / heater having a heating / circulating means for feeding.
させるための補助加温手段を備えた請求項１に記載の液
化ガス気化・加熱装置。2. The liquefied gas vaporizer / heater according to claim 1, further comprising auxiliary heating means for further raising the temperature of the outlet gas of the vaporizer / heater.
ある請求項２に記載の液化ガス気化・加熱装置。3. The liquefied gas vaporizer / heater according to claim 2, wherein the heat source of the means for heating the antifreeze or water is air.
を維持するための処理装置を付加した請求項２に記載の
液化ガス気化・加熱装置。4. The liquefied gas vaporizer / heater according to claim 2, wherein a treatment device for maintaining the quality of the antifreeze is added to the means for circulating the antifreeze or water.
素雰囲気で実施する手段を備えた請求項１に記載の液化
ガス気化・加熱装置。5. The liquefied gas vaporizing / heating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for performing water spraying or immersion of the antifreeze or water in a non-oxygen atmosphere.
器を有し、外気温に応じて選択使用する請求項１に記載
の液化ガス気化・加熱装置。6. The liquefied gas vaporizer / heater according to claim 1, wherein the means for heating the antifreeze or water has a plurality of heat exchangers, and is selectively used according to the outside air temperature.
ク型、不凍液又は水の加温手段にプレートフィン型熱交
換器を用いた請求項６に記載の液化ガス気化・加熱装
置。7. The liquefied gas vaporizer / heater according to claim 6, wherein an open rack type is used as the liquefied gas vaporizer / heater, and a plate fin type heat exchanger is used as a means for heating the antifreeze or water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001146273A JP2002340296A (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2001-05-16 | Liquefied gas vaporizing and heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001146273A JP2002340296A (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2001-05-16 | Liquefied gas vaporizing and heating device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002340296A true JP2002340296A (en) | 2002-11-27 |
Family
ID=18991951
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2011504991A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2011-02-17 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Floating LNG storage and regasification unit, and LPG regasification method in the same unit |
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| CN105102876A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-11-25 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Vaporization device for low-temperature liquefied gas |
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| CN110131579A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-16 | 广州永恒新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of quickly frostless liquid nitrogen gasification system |
| US10539361B2 (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2020-01-21 | Woodside Energy Technologies Pty Ltd. | Modular LNG production facility |
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| JP2008513654A (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-05-01 | バイエリッシェ モートーレン ウエルケ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Heat exchanger for hydrogen-operated fuel supply system |
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| JP2009529456A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2009-08-20 | ウッドサイド エナジー リミテッド | LNG regasification on board |
| JP2009530549A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2009-08-27 | ウッドサイド エナジー リミテッド | Regasification of LNG directly and indirectly using ambient air |
| KR101296822B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2013-08-14 | 우드사이드 에너지 리미티드 | Combined direct and indirect regasification of LNG using ambient air |
| US8607580B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2013-12-17 | Woodside Energy Ltd. | Regasification of LNG using dehumidified air |
| JP2009052724A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-12 | Sumitomo Precision Prod Co Ltd | Heating or vaporizing device for low temperature fluid, and method for operation thereof |
| JP2009079665A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Ihi Corp | Liquefied gas storage and re-liquefaction device and its operating method |
| JP2011504991A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2011-02-17 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Floating LNG storage and regasification unit, and LPG regasification method in the same unit |
| JP2009192004A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-27 | Ihi Corp | Liquefied gas vaporizing equipment |
| US10539361B2 (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2020-01-21 | Woodside Energy Technologies Pty Ltd. | Modular LNG production facility |
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| CN105020578A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 河南科技大学 | Circular type low-temperature liquid gasification device |
| CN110131579A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-16 | 广州永恒新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of quickly frostless liquid nitrogen gasification system |
| JP2021008942A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-28 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Liquefied natural gas vaporizer and cold water supply method |
| KR20220004217A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-01-11 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | Liquefied natural gas vaporizer and cold water supply method |
| KR102522339B1 (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2023-04-18 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | Liquefied natural gas vaporizer and cold water supply method |
| KR20220119889A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-30 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | Gas supply system for driving Pneumatic Actuator and Operation method thereof |
| KR102513245B1 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-03-22 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | Gas supply system for driving Pneumatic Actuator and Operation method thereof |
| WO2022264913A1 (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-12-22 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | Equipment for warming liquefied carbon dioxide and method for warming liquefied carbon dioxide |
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