JP2002320974A - Removal method for dioxins - Google Patents
Removal method for dioxinsInfo
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- JP2002320974A JP2002320974A JP2001132439A JP2001132439A JP2002320974A JP 2002320974 A JP2002320974 A JP 2002320974A JP 2001132439 A JP2001132439 A JP 2001132439A JP 2001132439 A JP2001132439 A JP 2001132439A JP 2002320974 A JP2002320974 A JP 2002320974A
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- concentration
- dioxins
- coagulant
- flocculant
- wastewater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ダイオキシン類を
含んだ排水を浄化するための水処理技術に関する。[0001] The present invention relates to a water treatment technique for purifying wastewater containing dioxins.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】平成１１年７月に制定されたダイオキシ
ン類対策特別措置法によってダイオキシン類の環境基準
が定まり、平成１２年１月からは排出基準を遵守しなけ
ればならない。しかしながら、ダイオキシン類除去のた
めの排水処理法に関しては、未だ十分な検討がなされて
いないのが現状である。即ち、現在ダイオキシン類除去
のために用いられている方法は、従来の水処理技術の援
用に過ぎず、ダイオキシン類の性状を考慮して、合理的
な除去方法を提案している例は殆どない。2. Description of the Related Art Environmental standards for dioxins are determined by the Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins enacted in July 1999, and emission standards must be complied with from January 2000. However, at present, no sufficient study has been made on a wastewater treatment method for removing dioxins. That is, the method currently used for dioxin removal is merely an incorporation of conventional water treatment technology, and there is hardly any example that proposes a rational removal method in consideration of the properties of dioxins. .
【０００３】例えば、促進酸化（ＡＯＰ）法と呼ばれる
オゾン・ＵＶ・過酸化水素を用いた複合酸化法が注目を
浴びているが、この方法では経験則に基づいて処理条件
が定められているだけで、処理原理に基づいた条件設定
は未だ考えられていない。同様に、活性炭吸着法や凝集
剤添加法についても、処理性能は種々確認されているも
のの、処理条件は経験則に基づいて定めるしかなかった
のが現状である。For example, a complex oxidation method using ozone, UV, and hydrogen peroxide, which is called an accelerated oxidation (AOP) method, has attracted attention. In this method, processing conditions are determined only based on empirical rules. Therefore, setting of conditions based on the processing principle has not been considered yet. Similarly, with respect to the activated carbon adsorption method and the flocculant addition method, various treatment performances have been confirmed, but at present, treatment conditions have to be determined based on empirical rules.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
従来技術の問題点を鑑み、排水に凝集剤を添加して排水
中のダイオキシン類を分離除去する処理法において、経
験則に因らず、ダイオキシン類の特性から最適の処理条
件を決定する方法を提供するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention relates to a method of adding a coagulant to waste water to separate and remove dioxins in the waste water. In addition, the present invention provides a method for determining optimum treatment conditions from the characteristics of dioxins.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の観
点で鋭意研究を重ねた結果、凝集剤による排水中のダイ
オキシン類の分離除去法において、目標とするダイオキ
シン類残存比及び目標とする処理水のＳＳを定めれば、
これらと原水のＳＳ及び用いる凝集剤のＳＳ転換比の値
から、かかる目標値を達成するための最適の凝集剤添加
率が算出できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至っ
た。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies from the above viewpoints, the present inventors have found that in a method for separating and removing dioxins in wastewater using a coagulant, a target dioxin residual ratio and a target are set. If the SS of the treated water is determined,
From these, the SS of the raw water, and the value of the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant to be used, it was found that the optimum addition rate of the flocculant for achieving the target value could be calculated, and the present invention was completed.
【０００６】即ち、本発明は、ダイオキシン類を含む排
水に凝集剤を加えることにより、排水中に含まれるダイ
オキシン類を分離して除去する方法において、目標とす
るダイオキシン類残存比及び処理水のＳＳ濃度を定め、
原水のＳＳ濃度に基づいて凝集剤添加率を決定する方法
に関する。That is, the present invention provides a method for separating and removing dioxins contained in wastewater by adding a coagulant to wastewater containing dioxins. Determine the concentration,
The present invention relates to a method for determining a coagulant addition rate based on the SS concentration of raw water.
【０００７】より具体的には、本発明は、目標とするダ
イオキシン類残存比及び処理水のＳＳ濃度を定め、下式
Ａ：More specifically, the present invention determines a target dioxin residual ratio and a target SS concentration of treated water, and obtains the following formula A:
【０００８】[0008]
【式３】 (Equation 3)
【０００９】（上式中、Ｃは凝集剤添加率(mg/L)；ηは
目標とするダイオキシン類残存比；ＳＳinfは原水のＳ
Ｓ濃度(mg/L)；ＳＳeffは目標とする処理水のＳＳ濃度
(mg/L)；αは凝集剤のＳＳ転換比；である）にしたがっ
て凝集剤添加率を決定する方法に関する。(Where C is the coagulant addition rate (mg / L); η is the target dioxin residual ratio; SS inf is the raw water S
S concentration (mg / L); SS eff is the target SS concentration of treated water
(mg / L); α is the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant).
【００１０】また、本発明者らは、更に、上記のように
して求められた添加率で凝集剤を用いた際に、生成汚泥
中のダイオキシン類の濃度の推定値を算出できることを
も見出した。即ち、本発明の他の態様は、上記に記載の
方法に従って排水から分離された生成汚泥中のダイオキ
シン濃度を、下式Ｂ：The present inventors have further found that an estimated value of the concentration of dioxins in the produced sludge can be calculated when the coagulant is used at the addition rate determined as described above. . That is, another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for reducing the concentration of dioxin in sludge separated from wastewater in accordance with the above-described method by the following formula B:
【００１１】[0011]
【式４】 (Equation 4)
【００１２】（上式中、βは生成汚泥中のダイオキシン
類濃度(ng/g)；Ｄinf／は原水の全ダイオキシン類濃度
(pg/L)；ＳＳinfは原水のＳＳ濃度(mg/L)；αは凝集剤
のＳＳ転換比；Ｃは凝集剤添加率(mg/L)；である）に従
って推定する方法に関する。(Where β is the concentration of dioxins in the produced sludge (ng / g); D inf / is the concentration of total dioxins in raw water
(pg / L); SS inf relates to a method of estimating according to the SS concentration of raw water (mg / L); α is the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant; and C is the flocculant addition rate (mg / L).
【００１３】なお、上式において、凝集剤のＳＳ転換比
αとは、排水中に加えた凝集剤が凝集処理後に排水から
汚泥中に移行する割合を示し、個々の凝集剤がそれぞれ
の固有の値を有している。また、ダイオキシン類残存比
ηとは、凝集処理によって目標とする処理水中のダイオ
キシン類濃度Ｄeffと排水原水中のダイオキシン類濃度
Ｄinfとの比Ｄeff／Ｄinfを示す。In the above formula, the SS conversion ratio α of the flocculant indicates the rate at which the flocculant added to the wastewater migrates from the wastewater to the sludge after the flocculation treatment. Have a value. The dioxin residual ratio η indicates a ratio D eff / D inf of the dioxin concentration D eff in the treated water targeted by the coagulation treatment and the dioxin concentration D inf in the raw wastewater.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係る理論を説明す
る。排水中に含まれるダイオキシン類は、一般にＳＳ性
と非ＳＳ性に区分される。ここで、ＳＳとは懸濁物質(s
uspended solids)の意味である。ＳＳ性物質とは１μm
以上の大きさの懸濁粒子中に存在するもので、非ＳＳ性
物質とは孔径１μmの濾紙による濾液中に存在する物質
を示している。排水に凝集剤を添加して適切な凝集処理
を行うと、ナノメートルレベル以上のコロイド粒子が凝
集フロックに取り込まれるので、ＳＳ性物質は勿論のこ
と、非ＳＳ性物質の一部も分離除去されることが知られ
ている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The theory according to the present invention will be described below. Dioxins contained in wastewater are generally classified into SS and non-SS. Here, SS is a suspended substance (s
uspended solids). 1μm with SS substance
The non-SS substance present in the suspended particles having the above-mentioned size refers to a substance present in a filtrate of a filter paper having a pore size of 1 μm. If a coagulant is added to the wastewater and the appropriate coagulation treatment is performed, colloidal particles of nanometer level or more are taken into the coagulation floc, so that not only SS substances but also some non-SS substances are separated and removed. It is known that
【００１５】本発明は、ダイオキシン類の性状を考慮し
て、上記に述べたコロイド粒子除去機構を利用したもの
である。具体的には、本発明者らの研究によって、ダイ
オキシン類は水に殆ど溶解せず、ダイオキシン類の非Ｓ
Ｓ性成分の大部分は、凝集処理を行った後はコロイド粒
子中に存在することが分かった。本発明者らの焼却炉ス
クラバー排水を用いた実験により、排水原水中には３０
％程度の非ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類が含まれていたが、凝
集剤を添加して適切な凝集処理を行った後の処理水中に
は、非ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類は殆ど存在せず、処理水中
に含まれているダイオキシン類は殆どがＳＳ性ダイオキ
シン類であることが見出された。なお、凝集条件に不備
があって良好な凝集フロックを形成できない場合にはこ
の限りではない。The present invention utilizes the above-described colloid particle removing mechanism in consideration of the properties of dioxins. Specifically, according to the study of the present inventors, dioxins hardly dissolve in water and non-S
It was found that most of the S component was present in the colloid particles after performing the aggregation treatment. According to experiments conducted by the present inventors using incinerator scrubber wastewater, 30%
% Non-SS dioxins were contained, but non-SS dioxins hardly existed in the treated water after the appropriate coagulation treatment was performed by adding the flocculant, and the non-SS dioxins were contained in the treated water. It was found that most of the dioxins used were SS dioxins. In addition, this is not limited to the case where good aggregation flocs cannot be formed due to insufficient aggregation conditions.
【００１６】以上のことは、凝集理論から次のように解
釈することができる。つまり、ダイオキシン類を含む排
水に凝集剤を添加して凝集処理を行うと、１nm以上のコ
ロイド粒子が凝集フロックに容易に吸着されて固液分離
可能なフロックを形成することによって、非ＳＳ性のダ
イオキシン類は固形物（ＳＳ）の方に移行する。なお、
ダイオキシン類は、それ自身の分子量の大きさと、疎水
性であることから、１nm以下の状態で存在することは、
事実上困難である。The above can be interpreted from the cohesion theory as follows. In other words, when a flocculant is added to wastewater containing dioxins and subjected to flocculation treatment, colloidal particles of 1 nm or more are easily adsorbed by flocculated flocs to form flocs that can be separated into solid and liquid. Dioxins migrate towards solids (SS). In addition,
Dioxins are present in a state of 1 nm or less because of their own molecular weight and hydrophobicity.
Practically difficult.
【００１７】本発明者らは、以上の原理に基づいて排水
中の物質収支式を導くと上記Ａ式が得られることを見出
した。更に、処理水中に非ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類が殆ど
存在しないことを前提とすると、マスバランスから、凝
集処理によって生じる汚泥中のダイオキシン類の濃度も
上記Ｂ式によって容易に推定することができることも見
出した。これは廃棄物処理を考える上でも非常に有用で
ある。The present inventors have found that the above formula A can be obtained by deriving the material balance formula in wastewater based on the above principle. Furthermore, assuming that non-SS dioxins are scarcely present in the treated water, the inventors have also found that the concentration of dioxins in the sludge generated by the coagulation treatment can be easily estimated from the above formula using mass balance. . This is very useful for waste disposal.
【００１８】排水原水、凝集処理後の処理水、及び凝集
処理によって得られた汚泥のそれぞれについて、水量
（容量）を、Ｑinf[L]、Ｑeff[L]、Ｑs[L]；ＳＳを、Ｓ
Ｓinf[mg/L]、ＳＳeff[mg/L]、ＳＳs[mg/L]；全ダイオ
キシン類濃度を、Ｄinf[pg/L]、Ｄeff[pg/L]、Ｄs[pg/
L]；また、排水原水、凝集処理後の処理水のそれぞれに
ついて、ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類濃度を、Ｄinf(SS)[pg/
L]、Ｄeff(SS)[pg/L]；非ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類濃度
を、Ｄinf(n-S)[pg/L]、Ｄeff(n-S)[pg/L]；とする。な
お、ここで、ＳＳ性ダイオキシン類とは１μmフィルタ
を通過不可のダイオキシン類を示し、非ＳＳ性ダイオキ
シン類とは１μmフィルタ濾過液中のダイオキシン類を
示す。For each of the raw waste water, the treated water after the coagulation treatment, and the sludge obtained by the coagulation treatment, the water amount (volume) is represented by Q inf [L], Q eff [L], Q s [L]; SS And S
S inf [mg / L], SS eff [mg / L], SS s [mg / L]; Total dioxin concentrations were calculated as D inf [pg / L], D eff [pg / L], D s [pg /
L]; In addition, the SS dioxin concentration of each of the raw wastewater and the treated water after the coagulation treatment was calculated as D inf (SS) [pg /
L], D eff (SS) [pg / L]; The concentrations of non-SS dioxins are D inf (nS) [pg / L] and D eff (nS) [pg / L]. Here, SS dioxins indicate dioxins that cannot pass through a 1 μm filter, and non-SS dioxins indicate dioxins in a 1 μm filter filtrate.
【００１９】また、この凝集処理に必要な凝集剤の添加
量をＣ[mg/L]、凝集剤の汚泥（ＳＳ）転換比をαとす
る。これらの関係を図１に示す。系のＳＳの物質収支
は、次式(1)で表される。The amount of the coagulant required for the coagulation treatment is C [mg / L], and the sludge (SS) conversion ratio of the coagulant is α. These relationships are shown in FIG. The mass balance of the SS of the system is expressed by the following equation (1).
【００２０】[0020]
【式５】 (Equation 5)
【００２１】また、ダイオキシン類（ＤＸＮ）の物質収
支は、次式(2)で表される。The mass balance of dioxins (DXN) is represented by the following equation (2).
【００２２】[0022]
【式６】 (Equation 6)
【００２３】また、Also,
【００２４】[0024]
【式７】 Equation 7
【００２５】式(3)に式(2)を代入すると、By substituting equation (2) into equation (3),
【００２６】[0026]
【式８】 (Equation 8)
【００２７】ここで、凝集剤添加後のＳＳ（汚泥）中の
ＤＸＮ含有率をβ[ng/g]とすると、Here, assuming that the DXN content in SS (sludge) after adding the flocculant is β [ng / g],
【００２８】[0028]
【式９】 [Equation 9]
【００２９】式(5)、(6)を式(4)に代入すると、By substituting equations (5) and (6) into equation (4),
【００３０】[0030]
【式１０】 (Equation 10)
【００３１】式(7)に式(1)を代入すると、By substituting equation (1) into equation (7),
【００３２】[0032]
【式１１】 [Equation 11]
【００３３】ここで、Here,
【００３４】[0034]
【式１２】 (Equation 12)
【００３５】であるので、Therefore,
【００３６】[0036]
【式１３】 (Equation 13)
【００３７】ダイオキシン類（ＤＸＮ）の残存比をηと
すると、Assuming that the residual ratio of dioxins (DXN) is η,
【００３８】[0038]
【式１４】 (Equation 14)
【００３９】したがって、凝集処理によって目標とする
ダイオキシン類残存比（η）及び処理水のＳＳ濃度（Ｓ
Ｓeff)(mg/L)を定めれば、これらの数値と、排水原水の
ＳＳ濃度（ＳＳinf)(mg/L)及び用いる凝集剤のＳＳ転換
比（α）とを上式Ａに代入すれば、凝集剤の最適添加率
Ｃ(mg/L)を算出することができる。Therefore, the target dioxin residual ratio (η) and the SS concentration (S
Once S eff ) (mg / L) is determined, these values, the SS concentration (SS inf ) (mg / L) of the raw wastewater and the SS conversion ratio (α) of the flocculant used are substituted into the above equation A. Then, the optimum addition rate C (mg / L) of the flocculant can be calculated.
【００４０】また、式(9)より、From equation (9),
【００４１】[0041]
【式１５】 (Equation 15)
【００４２】よって、ダイオキシン類濃度（Ｄinf)(pg/
L)の排水原水に、上記で求めた添加率Ｃで凝集剤を添加
して凝集処理を行った場合に、得られる汚泥中に含まれ
るダイオキシン類の濃度（推定値）は、各数値を上式Ｂ
に代入することによって算出することができる。Therefore, the concentration of dioxins (D inf ) (pg /
When the flocculant is added to the raw wastewater of L) at the addition rate C obtained above and the flocculation treatment is performed, the concentration (estimated value) of dioxins contained in the obtained sludge is higher than each numerical value. Formula B
Can be calculated by substituting into
【００４３】以上のことから、本発明によれば、凝集処
理によって排水中のダイオキシン類を分離除去する方法
において、予め目標とするダイオキシン類残存比及び目
標とする処理水ＳＳを設定すれば、これらの数値を、原
水ＳＳ（測定によって求めることができる）及び凝集剤
のＳＳ転換比（個々の凝集剤に固有であり、用いる凝集
剤を決定すれば定まる）と共に上式Ａに代入すれば、設
定された目標値を達成するために最適の凝集剤の添加率
を求めることができ、有効な凝集処理が図れる。特に、
かかる本発明方法によれば、排水原水中のダイオキシン
濃度を測定することなく、凝集剤添加率を算出すること
ができるので、処理の際に時間のかかるダイオキシン濃
度測定を行う必要がなく、迅速且つ簡便に処理条件を決
定することが可能になる。更に、上式Ｂによって、生成
される汚泥のダイオキシン類濃度を推定することがで
き、その後の廃棄物処理プロセスを考慮する上で極めて
有用である。From the above, according to the present invention, in the method for separating and removing dioxins in wastewater by coagulation treatment, if the target dioxin residual ratio and the target treated water SS are set in advance, Is substituted into the above formula A together with the raw water SS (which can be determined by measurement) and the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant (specific to each flocculant and determined by determining the flocculant to be used). In order to achieve the set target value, the optimum coagulant addition rate can be obtained, and effective coagulation treatment can be achieved. In particular,
According to the method of the present invention, the coagulant addition rate can be calculated without measuring the dioxin concentration in the raw wastewater, so that it is not necessary to perform a time-consuming dioxin concentration measurement during the treatment, and it is quick and Processing conditions can be easily determined. Further, the dioxin concentration of the generated sludge can be estimated by the above equation B, which is extremely useful in considering the subsequent waste treatment process.
【００４４】本発明において用いることのできる凝集剤
としては、無機凝集剤、高分子凝集剤及びこれらの組み
合わせからなる群より選択される凝集剤を用いることが
できる。具体的には、ＦｅＣｌ3、ＰＡＣ（ポリ塩化ア
ルミニウム）、硫酸バンド（硫酸アルミニウム）、ポリ
鉄（ポリ硫酸第２鉄）、硫酸第１鉄などの無機凝集剤、
ポリジアルキルアミノエチルメタクリレート等のカチオ
ン系高分子凝集剤を好ましく挙げることができる。As the flocculant that can be used in the present invention, a flocculant selected from the group consisting of an inorganic flocculant, a polymer flocculant and a combination thereof can be used. Specifically, inorganic coagulants such as FeCl 3 , PAC (polyaluminum chloride), sulfate band (aluminum sulfate), polyiron (ferric polysulfate), and ferrous sulfate;
Preferable examples include cationic polymer flocculants such as polydialkylaminoethyl methacrylate.
【００４５】凝集剤のＳＳ転換比は、個々の凝集剤につ
いて化学量論的に算出することもできるし、或いは実験
で求めることもできる。例えば、凝集剤としてＰＡＣを
用いる場合、ＰＡＣ中のアルミニウムが水酸化アルミニ
ウムになると考えると、ＰＡＣのＳＳ転換比は、以下の
式により０．１５３と算出される。The SS conversion ratio of the flocculant can be calculated stoichiometrically for each flocculant or can be determined experimentally. For example, when PAC is used as the coagulant, considering that aluminum in the PAC becomes aluminum hydroxide, the SS conversion ratio of the PAC is calculated to be 0.153 by the following equation.
【００４６】[0046]
【式１６】 (Equation 16)
【００４７】また、凝集剤としてＦｅＣｌ3を用いる場
合、ＳＳ転換比は、下式によって０．６６と算出され
る。When using FeCl 3 as the coagulant, the SS conversion ratio is calculated to be 0.66 according to the following equation.
【００４８】[0048]
【式１７】 (Equation 17)
【００４９】また、実験で凝集剤のＳＳ転換比を求める
場合には、例えば、凝集剤を添加した後の総ＳＳから原
水のＳＳを減じることによって求めることができる。な
お、フロックの沈降分離を更に容易にするために、ポリ
ビニルスルホン酸塩、ポリアクリルアミド加水分解物等
のアニオン系高分子凝集剤、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリ
ビニルアルコール等のノニオン系高分子凝集剤、アルギ
ン酸ソーダなどの凝集助剤を併用することもできる。When the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant is determined in an experiment, it can be determined, for example, by subtracting the SS of the raw water from the total SS after adding the flocculant. In order to further facilitate sedimentation and separation of floc, anionic polymer flocculants such as polyvinyl sulfonate and polyacrylamide hydrolysate, nonionic polymer flocculants such as polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, etc. Can be used in combination.
【００５０】本発明に係る方法によって凝集した固形物
を排水から固液分離によって除去する手段としては、沈
殿、浮上、濾過、膜処理などの当該技術において周知の
単位操作を挙げることができ、これらの単位操作を適宜
組合せて用いることもできる。分離されたダイオキシン
類を含む汚泥は、焼却溶融処理などの当該技術において
周知の廃棄処分を施すことができる。Means for removing solids agglomerated by the method of the present invention from wastewater by solid-liquid separation include unit operations well-known in the art such as precipitation, flotation, filtration, and membrane treatment. Can be used in combination as appropriate. The sludge containing dioxins separated can be subjected to well-known disposal in the art such as incineration melting treatment.
【００５１】なお、本発明は、上記の技術思想に基づい
てダイオキシン類を含む排水を処理する装置をも提供す
る。即ち、本発明の他の態様は、ダイオキシン類を含む
排水を凝集処理する装置であって、排水原水のＳＳ濃度
を測定する手段；測定された原水のＳＳ濃度に基づいて
算出された、目標とするダイオキシン類残存比及び処理
水のＳＳ濃度を達成するのに必要な量の凝集剤を排水原
水中に加える手段；を具備することを特徴とする装置に
関する。The present invention also provides an apparatus for treating wastewater containing dioxins based on the above technical idea. That is, another aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for coagulating wastewater containing dioxins, which is a means for measuring the SS concentration of wastewater raw water; Means for adding an amount of coagulant necessary for achieving the residual dioxins ratio and the SS concentration of the treated water to the raw wastewater.
【００５２】[0052]
【実施例】実施例１ 廃棄物最終処分場の浸出水に対して、本発明方法による
凝集沈殿法によってダイオキシン類の分離除去処理を行
った。処理原水の水質は、ＳＳが１６０mg/L、全ダイオ
キシン類（ＤＸＮ）濃度が２１０pg/Lであった。目標と
する処理水ＳＳを７mg/L、目標とする処理水中の全ＤＸ
Ｎ濃度を５pg/L（ＤＸＮ残存比は０．０２３８）と設定
した。凝集剤としてはＰＡＣを用いた。ＰＡＣのＳＳ転
換比は、上記に説明したようにＰＡＣ中のアルミニウム
が水酸化アルミニウムになるとして化学量論的に求める
と０．１５３であった。これらの数値を式Ａに代入した
ところ、凝集剤添加率は８７６mg/Lと算出された。ま
た、上記各数値を式Ｂに代入したところ、生成される汚
泥中のＤＸＮ含有率は０．７１ng/gと予測された。EXAMPLE 1 Dioxins were separated and removed from the leachate at the final waste disposal site by the coagulation sedimentation method according to the present invention. The quality of the treated raw water was 160 mg / L for SS and 210 pg / L for total dioxins (DXN). 7mg / L of target treated water SS, all DX in target treated water
The N concentration was set at 5 pg / L (DXN residual ratio was 0.0238). PAC was used as a flocculant. The SS conversion ratio of the PAC was 0.153 when stoichiometrically determined assuming that aluminum in the PAC was converted to aluminum hydroxide as described above. When these numerical values were substituted into Formula A, the coagulant addition rate was calculated to be 876 mg / L. Further, when the above numerical values were substituted into Expression B, the DXN content in the generated sludge was predicted to be 0.71 ng / g.
【００５３】上記の計算に基づいて、９００mg/LのＰＡ
Ｃ凝集剤と２mg/Lのポリマー（有機高分子凝集剤：エバ
グロースＡ−１５１（アニオン系）、エバグロースＮ−
８００（ノニオン系））を排水中に投入し、凝沈水面積
負荷量２８m/dで凝集処理を行った。Based on the above calculations, 900 mg / L PA
C flocculant and 2 mg / L polymer (organic polymer flocculant: Ebagulose A-151 (anionic), Ebagulose N-
800 (nonionic system)) was introduced into the wastewater, and the coagulation treatment was carried out at a settling water area load of 28 m / d.
【００５４】処理水の水質を測定したところ、ＳＳは
５．７mg/L、全ＤＸＮは３．７pg/Lで、ほぼ目標値と同
等の値が達成された。ＤＸＮの除去率は９８．２％であ
った。また、生成した汚泥のＤＸＮ濃度を測定したとこ
ろ、０．８３ng/gで予測値とほぼ同等であった。条件及
び結果を表１に要約する。When the quality of the treated water was measured, the SS was 5.7 mg / L and the total DXN was 3.7 pg / L, which was almost the same as the target value. The DXN removal rate was 98.2%. When the DXN concentration of the generated sludge was measured, it was 0.83 ng / g, which was almost equivalent to the predicted value. The conditions and results are summarized in Table 1.
【００５５】実施例２ 実施例１と同一の排水原水に対して、凝集処理の後に濾
過処理を行って浄化レベルを上げた処理を行った。濾過
処理としては、有効径０．８mmの砂を濾材として用い
た。目標とする処理水ＳＳを２mg/L、目標とする処理水
ＤＸＮ濃度を２pg/L（ＤＸＮ残存比は０．００９５２）
と設定した。凝集剤としては、実施例１と同じくＰＡＣ
を用いた。各数値を式Ａに代入したところ、凝集剤添加
率は３２７mg/Lと算出された。Example 2 The same raw waste water as in Example 1 was subjected to a filtration treatment after the coagulation treatment to increase the purification level. For the filtration treatment, sand having an effective diameter of 0.8 mm was used as a filter medium. Target treated water SS is 2 mg / L, target treated water DXN concentration is 2 pg / L (DXN residual ratio is 0.00952)
Was set. As the coagulant, PAC as in Example 1 was used.
Was used. When each numerical value was substituted into Formula A, the coagulant addition rate was calculated to be 327 mg / L.
【００５６】上記の計算に基づいて、３５０mg/LのＰＡ
Ｃ凝集剤と１mg/Lのポリマー（有機高分子凝集剤）を排
水中に投入し、凝沈水面積負荷量２８m/dで凝集処理を
行った。濾過は濾過速度１１０m/dで行った。Based on the above calculation, 350 mg / L PA
C flocculant and 1 mg / L polymer (organic polymer flocculant) were charged into the wastewater, and flocculation treatment was performed at a coagulated water area load of 28 m / d. Filtration was performed at a filtration speed of 110 m / d.
【００５７】処理水の水質を測定したところ、ＳＳは
１．３mg/L、全ＤＸＮは１．５pg/Lで、ほぼ目標値と同
等の値が達成された。ＤＸＮの除去率は９９．３％であ
った。条件及び結果を表１に要約する。When the quality of the treated water was measured, the SS was 1.3 mg / L and the total DXN was 1.5 pg / L, which was almost the same as the target value. The removal rate of DXN was 99.3%. The conditions and results are summarized in Table 1.
【００５８】実施例３ 焼却場のスクラバー排水に対して本発明方法による凝集
沈殿法によってダイオキシン類の分離除去処理を行っ
た。処理原水の水質は、ＳＳが１１０mg/L、全ダイオキ
シン類（ＤＸＮ）濃度が１３００pg/Lであった。目標と
する処理水ＳＳを７mg/L、目標とする処理水中のＤＸＮ
濃度を５pg/L（ＤＸＮ残存比は０．００３８５）と設定
した。凝集剤としてはＦｅＣｌ3を用いた。ＦｅＣｌ3の
ＳＳ転換比は、上記に説明したように０．６６であっ
た。これらの数値を式Ａに代入したところ、凝集剤添加
率は２５８８mg/Lと算出された。Example 3 Dioxins were separated and removed from the scrubber wastewater from the incineration plant by the coagulation sedimentation method according to the present invention. Regarding the water quality of the treated raw water, the SS was 110 mg / L and the total dioxin (DXN) concentration was 1300 pg / L. 7 mg / L target treated water SS, DXN in target treated water
The concentration was set at 5 pg / L (DXN residual ratio was 0.00385). FeCl 3 was used as a coagulant. The SS conversion ratio of FeCl 3 was 0.66 as described above. When these numerical values were substituted into Formula A, the coagulant addition rate was calculated to be 2588 mg / L.
【００５９】上記の計算に基づいて、２６００mg/LのＦ
ｅＣｌ2凝集剤と２mg/Lのポリマー（有機高分子凝集
剤）を排水中に投入し、凝沈水面積負荷量２５m/dで凝
集処理を行った。Based on the above calculations, 2600 mg / L F
An eCl 2 flocculant and a polymer (organic polymer flocculant) of 2 mg / L were charged into the wastewater, and a flocculation treatment was performed at an area load of 25 m / d of coagulated water.
【００６０】処理水の水質を測定したところ、ＳＳは７
mg/L、全ＤＸＮは４．２pg/Lで、ほぼ目標値と同等の値
が達成された。ＤＸＮの除去率は９９．７％であった。
条件及び結果を表１に要約する。When the quality of the treated water was measured, SS was 7
The mg / L and total DXN were 4.2 pg / L, which were almost the same as the target values. The removal rate of DXN was 99.7%.
The conditions and results are summarized in Table 1.
【００６１】[0061]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００６２】[0062]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、凝集処理によって排水
中のダイオキシン類を分離除去する方法において、目標
とするダイオキシン類残存比及び目標とする処理水ＳＳ
を設定することにより、最適の凝集剤の添加率を計算で
求めることができ、従来の経験則に基づいた処理法に比
べてより有効な凝集処理を図ることが可能になる。特
に、本発明方法によれば、時間のかかるダイオキシン濃
度測定を行う必要なしに、迅速且つ簡便に処理条件（凝
集剤添加率）を決定することが可能になる。更に、生成
される汚泥のダイオキシン類濃度も推定することがで
き、その後の廃棄物処理プロセスを考慮する上で極めて
有用である。According to the present invention, in a method for separating and removing dioxins in wastewater by coagulation treatment, a target dioxin residual ratio and a target treated water SS
By setting, the optimum addition rate of the coagulant can be obtained by calculation, and more effective coagulation treatment can be achieved as compared with a treatment method based on a conventional rule of thumb. In particular, according to the method of the present invention, processing conditions (coagulant addition rate) can be determined quickly and easily without the need for time-consuming dioxin concentration measurement. Furthermore, the concentration of dioxins in the sludge produced can be estimated, which is extremely useful in considering the subsequent waste treatment process.
【図１】本発明に係る物質収支式における各記号の意味
を説明する図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the meaning of each symbol in a material balance formula according to the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 堤 かおり 東京都大田区羽田旭町11番１号 株式会社 荏原製作所内 (72)発明者 有川 彰浩 東京都大田区羽田旭町11番１号 株式会社 荏原製作所内 (72)発明者 塩野 俊一 東京都大田区羽田旭町11番１号 株式会社 荏原製作所内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D015 BA21 BB08 CA20 DA04 DA13 DB01 EA04 EA32 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Kaori Tsutsumi 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Akihiro Arikawa 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd. In Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Shunichi Shiono 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo F-term in Ebara Corporation 4D015 BA21 BB08 CA20 DA04 DA13 DB01 EA04 EA32
Claims (4)
えることにより、排水中に含まれるダイオキシン類を分
離して除去する方法において、目標とするダイオキシン
類残存比及び処理水のＳＳ濃度を定め、原水のＳＳ濃度
に基づいて凝集剤添加率を決定する方法。In a method for separating and removing dioxins contained in wastewater by adding a coagulant to wastewater containing dioxins, a target dioxin residual ratio and SS concentration of treated water are determined. A method of determining a coagulant addition rate based on the SS concentration of raw water.
定する請求項１に記載の方法。 【式１】 （上式中、Ｃは凝集剤添加率(mg/L)；ηは目標とするダ
イオキシン類残存比；ＳＳinfは原水のＳＳ濃度(mg/
L)；ＳＳeffは目標とする処理水のＳＳ濃度(mg/L)；α
は凝集剤のＳＳ転換比；である）2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the coagulant addition rate C is determined according to the following formula A. (Equation 1) (Where C is the coagulant addition rate (mg / L); η is the target dioxin residual ratio; SS inf is the SS concentration (mg / L
L); SS eff is the target SS concentration of treated water (mg / L); α
Is the SS conversion ratio of the flocculant;
分離された生成汚泥中のダイオキシン濃度を、下式Ｂに
従って推定する方法。 【式２】 （上式中、βは生成汚泥中のダイオキシン類濃度(ng/
g)；Ｄinf／は原水の全ダイオキシン類濃度(pg/L)；Ｓ
Ｓinfは原水のＳＳ濃度(mg/L)；αは凝集剤のＳＳ転換
比；Ｃは凝集剤添加率(mg/L)；である）3. A method for estimating a dioxin concentration in sludge separated from wastewater according to the method according to claim 2 according to the following equation B. (Equation 2) (In the above formula, β is the concentration of dioxins in the produced sludge (ng /
g); D inf / is the concentration of total dioxins in raw water (pg / L);
S inf is SS concentration of raw water (mg / L); α is SS conversion ratio of flocculant; C is flocculant addition rate (mg / L).
る装置であって、排水原水のＳＳ濃度を測定する手段；
測定された原水のＳＳ濃度に基づいて算出された、目標
とするダイオキシン類残存比及び処理水のＳＳ濃度を達
成するのに必要な量の凝集剤を排水原水中に加える手
段；を具備することを特徴とする装置。4. An apparatus for coagulating wastewater containing dioxins, wherein the means for measuring the SS concentration of the raw wastewater;
Means for adding an amount of a coagulant necessary for achieving a target dioxin residual ratio and an SS concentration of the treated water, which is calculated based on the measured SS concentration of the raw water, to the waste water. An apparatus characterized by the above.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004067453A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Method of treating wastewater containing hardly decomposable harmful substances |
| CN100430325C (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2008-11-05 | 出光兴产株式会社 | Method for treating waste water containing hardly decomposable harmful substances |
-
2001
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004067453A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Method of treating wastewater containing hardly decomposable harmful substances |
| US7335310B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2008-02-26 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Method of treating wastewater containing hardly decomposable harmful substances |
| CN100430325C (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2008-11-05 | 出光兴产株式会社 | Method for treating waste water containing hardly decomposable harmful substances |
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