JP2002174005A - External facing structure of building - Google Patents
External facing structure of buildingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002174005A JP2002174005A JP2000373877A JP2000373877A JP2002174005A JP 2002174005 A JP2002174005 A JP 2002174005A JP 2000373877 A JP2000373877 A JP 2000373877A JP 2000373877 A JP2000373877 A JP 2000373877A JP 2002174005 A JP2002174005 A JP 2002174005A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exterior
- sections
- building
- external facing
- chord material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は建築物における屋根
や外壁の外装構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exterior structure of a roof or an outer wall in a building.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、外装構造が屋根である場合、屋
根を支える構造として立体トラスがあるが、通常の屋根
構造では、立体トラスの上に、垂木等を取り付けて屋根
を葺いている。そのため、屋根を構成する躯体としての
立体トラスと、屋根板を支える垂木等の部材との双方を
必須としていて、部品点数が多いことによる部材コスト
のアップ、組み立て工数が多いことによる労力のアップ
を避けられず、経済的負担が大きい構造上の事由があっ
た。2. Description of the Related Art For example, when an exterior structure is a roof, a three-dimensional truss is used as a structure for supporting the roof. In a normal roof structure, a roof is attached to the three-dimensional truss by attaching rafters or the like. Therefore, it is essential to have both a space truss as a building body constituting the roof and members such as rafters that support the roof shingles, increasing the cost of members due to the large number of parts and increasing the labor due to the large number of assembly steps. There were structural reasons that were unavoidable and had a large economic burden.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】解決しようとする課題
は、第１には、外装面意匠が折板状で、しかも、部品点
数および組み立て工数が少なく、経済的に安価であると
共に、構造強度が高い建築物の外装構造を、第２には、
さらに、高い雨仕舞性を有する建築物の外装構造を、第
３には、さらに、様々な機能および意匠に仕上げ可能で
ある建築物の外装構造を提供することにある。The first problem to be solved is that the outer surface design is a folded plate, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are small, the cost is economical, and the structural strength is high. Second, the exterior structure of a building with high
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide an exterior structure of a building having a high rainfall performance, and thirdly, to provide an exterior structure of a building capable of finishing various functions and designs.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記した課題を
達成するため、立体トラス構造からなる建築物の外装構
造であって、斜面部で外装面部を形成している断面台形
状または断面山形状の外装体における斜辺部が斜弦材
を、斜面部下縁が底辺部を、それぞれ形成していて、隣
り合う外装体の斜辺部同士および底辺部同士をそれぞれ
接続し、隣り合う外装体の頂辺部間に上弦材を架設する
と共に、各外装体の底辺部間に下弦材を架設してあるこ
とを特徴とする。また本発明では、下弦材が樋部を有し
ていることを特徴とする。また本発明では、外装面部の
一部または全部が、採光装置、換気装置、太陽電池変換
装置のいずれかまたは組み合わせからなることを特徴と
する。According to the present invention, there is provided an exterior structure for a building having a three-dimensional truss structure, wherein the exterior surface portion is formed by a slope and a trapezoidal cross section or a mountain cross section is provided. The oblique sides of the shaped exterior body form the oblique chord material, and the lower edge of the slope portion forms the bottom side, respectively. The oblique sides and the bottom sides of the adjacent exterior bodies are connected to each other, and the top of the adjacent exterior bodies is formed. An upper chord material is provided between the sides, and a lower chord material is provided between the bottom sides of the respective exterior bodies. Further, in the present invention, the lower chord material has a gutter portion. Further, the invention is characterized in that part or all of the exterior surface portion is formed of any one or combination of a daylighting device, a ventilation device, and a solar cell conversion device.
【０００５】本発明における外装体は、断面台形状また
は断面山形状の適宜長さのものであり、隣り合う外装体
の斜辺部同士および底辺部同士の接続は、それぞれボル
ト・ナット等の接続手段にて強固に行なわれる。この斜
辺部同士および底辺部同士の接続部分には防水部材を配
設することで、雨仕舞が強化されることになる。また、
外装体の頂辺部における上弦材の接続部位に、上弦材を
接続固定するための要素としてのボルトが通る孔が開け
られる場合にも、当該部位に防水部材が配設されて雨仕
舞が強化されることになる。尚、頂辺部に、上弦材の接
続のためのボルトが一体に突設形成されている態様のも
のでは、当該部位における防水対策は不要になる。下弦
材は、樋部を有している態様、樋部を有しない態様のい
ずれであっても良い。この外装体の材質は、金属製、合
成樹脂製、ＦＲＰ製、ＣＦＲＰ製（炭素繊維強化プラス
チック）、木製のいずれでも良い。上弦材は、隣り合う
外装体の頂部間相当の長さからなる一定長さの態様のも
の、または、ターンバックル等の長さ調整要素を有する
態様のいずれであっても良い。下弦材は、各外装体の底
辺部間相当の長さからなる一定長さの態様のもの、また
は、ターンバックル等の長さ調整要素を有する態様のい
ずれであっても良い。頂辺部に対する上弦材の接続部位
および底辺部に対する下弦材の接続部位は、辺部の中間
位置または端位置または双方のいずれであっても良く、
この上弦材および下弦材の架設本数と併せて、外装体の
長手方向の長さに応じて適宜設定すれば良い。また、上
弦材の長さは、頂部間相当の長さ或いはその整数倍の長
さのいずれであっても良く、下弦材についても同様で、
底辺部間相当の長さ或いはその整数倍の長さのいずれで
あっても良い。The exterior body of the present invention has a trapezoidal cross section or a mountain-shaped cross section of an appropriate length, and the oblique sides and the bottom sides of adjacent exterior bodies are connected to each other by connecting means such as bolts and nuts. It is performed firmly. By arranging a waterproof member at the connection portion between the oblique sides and the bottom sides, the rain is strengthened. Also,
Even if a hole through which a bolt as an element for connecting and fixing the upper chord material is made at the connection portion of the upper chord material on the top side of the exterior body, a waterproofing member is arranged at the relevant portion to enhance rain action Will be done. In the case where the bolt for connecting the upper chord material is integrally formed and protruded at the top side, no waterproof measure is required at the portion. The lower chord material may be either a mode having a gutter or a mode not having a gutter. The material of the exterior body may be any of metal, synthetic resin, FRP, CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), and wood. The upper chord material may be either a mode having a length equal to the length between the tops of the adjacent exterior bodies or a mode having a length adjusting element such as a turnbuckle. The lower chord material may be in a mode of a fixed length consisting of a length corresponding to the distance between the bottom sides of the respective exterior bodies, or in a mode having a length adjusting element such as a turnbuckle. The connection portion of the upper chord material to the top portion and the connection portion of the lower chord material to the bottom portion may be at either the middle position or the end position of the side portion, or both,
The number of the upper chord members and the number of the lower chord members may be appropriately set in accordance with the length of the exterior body in the longitudinal direction. In addition, the length of the upper chord material may be either a length corresponding to the top portion or a length that is an integral multiple thereof, and the same applies to the lower chord material.
It may be either a length corresponding to the distance between the bottom sides or a length that is an integral multiple thereof.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】図１〜図３には本発明の建築物の
外装構造における実施の１形態として屋根構造を例示し
ており、折板状の屋根構造を構成している複数の外装体
１は、下面が開口している断面山形状の合成樹脂製のも
ので、左右の各斜面部１ａが外装面部２を、この左右の
外装面部２前後側縁に垂設した垂直状斜辺部１ｂが斜弦
材３を、それぞれ形成していると共に、左右の外装面部
２下縁には垂直状底辺部１ｃを垂設している。この前後
左右に隣り合う外装体１は、前後に隣接する垂直状斜辺
部１ｂ同士を、同部１ｂの通し孔１ｄに接続ボルト４を
通してナット５で締め付けて接続固定する一方で、左右
に隣接している垂直状底辺部１ｃ同士を、同部１ｃの通
し孔１ｄに接続ボルト４を通してナット５で締め付けて
接続固定してある。また、垂直状斜辺部１ｂ間および垂
直状底辺部１ｃ間にはパッキング等の防水部材６をそれ
ぞれ配設して雨仕舞性を高めてある。そして、左右の外
装体１における頂辺部１ｅ間には、上弦材７をそれぞれ
架設して一体的に接続固定してある。頂辺部１ｅには、
上面の取付座部１ｆから下方へ貫通状の取付孔部１ｇを
開けてあり、この取付孔部１ｇから上方へ突出状の取付
ボルト８には、左右の外装体１の頂部１ｅ間を連結する
上弦材７を取り付けて、ナット９で同連結状態に取り付
けてある。取付座部１ｆと上弦材７との間には防水部材
１０を配設していて、頂部１ｅにおける雨仕舞性を高め
てある。上弦材７は、両端を扁平状に圧潰してある金属
パイプ製のもので、頂辺部１ｅ上に位置している扁平状
端部７ａの孔部７ｂには取付ボルト８が貫通していて、
頂部１ｅにナット９で取り付け固定されている。この上
弦材７は、左右の各外装体１間に架設されて前後に平行
状を呈している。同様に、各外装体１における底辺部１
ｃ間には、下弦材１１をそれぞれ架設して一体的に接続
固定してある。この下弦材１１は、両端をＬ状に圧潰・
折曲してある金属パイプ製のもので、両端のＬ状接続部
１１ａが底辺部１ｃに対して接続ボルト４、ナット５で
接続固定されている。この下弦材１１は、各外装体１間
に架設されて前後に平行状を呈しており、外装体１にお
ける斜弦材３と上弦材７と下弦材１１とで立体トラスを
形成している。1 to 3 illustrate a roof structure as an embodiment of an exterior structure of a building according to the present invention. A plurality of exterior structures forming a folded plate-like roof structure are shown in FIGS. The body 1 is made of a synthetic resin having a mountain-shaped cross section with an open lower surface, and each of the left and right slopes 1a is provided with an exterior surface 2 extending vertically from the front and rear side edges of the left and right exterior surfaces 2. 1b forms the oblique chord material 3, respectively, and a vertical bottom 1c is vertically provided at the lower edge of the left and right exterior surfaces 2. The exterior body 1 adjacent to the front, rear, left and right is connected and fixed by fastening the vertical oblique sides 1b adjacent to each other in the front and rear by tightening the connection bolts 4 into the through holes 1d of the same part 1b with the nuts 5 using the nuts 5. The vertical bottom portions 1c are connected and fixed by tightening a nut 5 through a connection bolt 4 in a through hole 1d of the vertical portion 1c. In addition, a waterproof member 6 such as a packing is disposed between the vertical oblique side portion 1b and the vertical bottom side portion 1c, respectively, so as to enhance the performance of rain. Upper chord members 7 are respectively provided between the top sides 1e of the left and right exterior bodies 1 and integrally connected and fixed. On the top 1e,
A mounting hole 1g penetrating downward from the mounting seat 1f on the upper surface is opened, and the mounting bolts 8 projecting upward from the mounting hole 1g connect the tops 1e of the left and right exterior bodies 1 to each other. The upper chord material 7 is attached, and the nut 9 is attached in the same connection state. A waterproofing member 10 is provided between the mounting seat 1f and the upper chord material 7, so that the top 1e can be made more rainy. The upper chord material 7 is made of a metal pipe whose both ends are crushed in a flat shape, and a mounting bolt 8 penetrates a hole 7b of the flat end portion 7a located on the top side 1e. ,
It is attached and fixed to the top 1e with a nut 9. The upper chord material 7 is provided between the left and right exterior bodies 1 and has a front-rear parallel shape. Similarly, the bottom 1 of each exterior body 1
The lower chord members 11 are respectively erected and connected and fixed integrally between c. This lower chord material 11 has both ends crushed in an L shape.
It is made of a bent metal pipe, and the L-shaped connection portions 11a at both ends are connected and fixed to the bottom 1c with connection bolts 4 and nuts 5. The lower chord material 11 is provided between the exterior bodies 1 and has a front-rear parallel shape. The oblique chord material 3, the upper chord material 7, and the lower chord material 11 in the exterior body 1 form a three-dimensional truss.
【０００７】図４〜図５には本発明の建築物の外装構造
における実施の１形態として他の屋根構造を例示してお
り、構成は前記した図１の態様のものと基本的に同一で
あるため、共通している構成の説明は符合を準用して省
略し、相違する構成について説明する。外装体１は、左
右の外装面部２下縁と水平状底辺部１cとの間に略Ｕ字
状溝部１ｈをそれぞれ設けており、左右の外装体１間に
一対の略Ｕ字状溝部１ｈからなる樋部１２を形成してい
る。そして、水平状底辺部１ｃ前後両端における垂直状
延設部１３同士を継ぎ部１４で接続固定している。FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate another roof structure as one embodiment of the exterior structure of a building according to the present invention. The structure is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. Therefore, the description of the common configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described. The exterior body 1 is provided with a substantially U-shaped groove portion 1h between the lower edge of the left and right exterior surface portions 2 and the horizontal bottom side portion 1c, and a pair of substantially U-shaped groove portions 1h is provided between the left and right exterior body portions 1c. Is formed. The vertical extending portions 13 at the front and rear ends of the horizontal bottom portion 1c are connected and fixed to each other by the joint portion 14.
【０００８】図６〜図７には本発明の建築物の外装構造
における実施の１形態として他の屋根構造を例示してお
り、構成は前記した図１の態様のものと基本的に同一で
あるため、共通している構成の説明は符合を準用して省
略し、相違する構成について説明する。外装体１は、断
面台形状の合成樹脂製のもので、広幅状の頂辺部１ｅに
おける左右端に、隣り合う外装体１との間の上弦材７を
接続ボルト４およびナット５でそれぞれ接続固定してい
る。この上弦材７は、左右の各外装体１間に架設されて
前後に平行状を呈し、下弦材１１は、各外装体１間に架
設されて前後に平行状を呈し、外装体１における斜弦材
３と上弦材７と下弦材１１とで立体トラスを形成してい
る。FIGS. 6 and 7 show another roof structure as an embodiment of the exterior structure of a building according to the present invention. The structure is basically the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, the description of the common configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described. The exterior body 1 is made of synthetic resin having a trapezoidal cross section. The upper chord material 7 between the exterior body 1 and the adjacent exterior body 1 is connected to the left and right ends of the wide top part 1 e with connection bolts 4 and nuts 5, respectively. It is fixed. The upper chord material 7 is laid between the left and right exterior bodies 1 and has a front-rear parallel shape, and the lower chord material 11 is laid between the exterior bodies 1 and has a front-rear parallel shape. The chord 3, the upper chord 7 and the lower chord 11 form a three-dimensional truss.
【０００９】図８の（ａ）〜（ｃ）には本発明の建築物
の外装構造における実施の１形態として他の屋根構造を
例示しており、構成は前記した図１の態様のものと基本
的に同一であるため、共通している構成の説明は符合を
準用して省略し、相違する構成について説明する。
（ａ）は外装面部２の一部を採光窓１５で形成してあ
る。（ｂ）は外装面部２の一部を換気口１６で形成して
ある。（ｃ）は外装面部２の一部を太陽電池パネル１７
で形成してある。FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c) illustrate another roof structure as one embodiment of the exterior structure of a building according to the present invention. The structure is the same as that of FIG. Since the components are basically the same, the description of the common components will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different components will be described.
3A, a part of the exterior surface portion 2 is formed by a lighting window 15. In (b), a part of the exterior surface part 2 is formed by the ventilation port 16. (C) shows a part of the exterior surface part 2 as a solar cell panel 17.
It is formed with.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】Ａ．請求項１により、外装面意匠が折板
状に仕上るので、折板状の外装面意匠を求められる外装
デザインのものに好適である。そして、トラスを構成す
る斜弦材を外装面材で構成していることで、従前のよう
なトラス構造上に再度屋根を構築するなどの構成がなく
なり、建築物重量の削減、作業工数の削減などにつなが
り、さらに、前記削減によって全体コストをも削減する
ことができる。したがって、部品点数および組み立て工
数が少なく、経済的に安価であると共に、構造強度が高
い特徴がある。 Ｂ．請求項２により、さらに、高い雨仕舞性を有する。 Ｃ．請求項３により、さらに、外装面部の一部または全
部を採光窓、換気口、太陽電池パネルのいずれかまたは
組み合わせにできて、様々な機能および意匠に仕上げ可
能である。A. Effects of the Invention According to claim 1, since the exterior surface design is finished in a folded plate shape, it is suitable for an exterior design in which a folded plate-shaped exterior surface design is required. And since the truss constituting the truss is composed of the exterior surface material, there is no need to rebuild the roof on the truss structure as before, reducing the weight of the building and the number of work steps. Etc., and the above-described reduction can also reduce the overall cost. Therefore, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are small, it is economically inexpensive, and the structural strength is high. B. According to claim 2, furthermore, it has a high rain performance. C. According to the third aspect, a part or the whole of the exterior surface portion can be any one or a combination of a lighting window, a ventilation opening, and a solar cell panel, and can be finished in various functions and designs.
【図１】 本発明の建築物の外装構造における実施の１
形態として屋根構造を示す平面図。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment 1 of an exterior structure of a building according to the present invention.
The top view which shows a roof structure as a form.
【図２】 縦断正面図。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view.
【図３】 部分拡大縦断正面図。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional front view.
【図４】 本発明の建築物の外装構造における実施の１
形態として他の屋根構造を示す平面図。FIG. 4 is a first embodiment of an exterior structure of a building according to the present invention.
The top view which shows other roof structures as a form.
【図５】 縦断正面図。FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view.
【図６】 本発明の建築物の外装構造における実施の１
形態として他の屋根構造を示す平面図。FIG. 6 is a first embodiment of the exterior structure of a building according to the present invention.
The top view which shows other roof structures as a form.
【図７】 縦断正面図。FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional front view.
【図８】 （ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の建築物の外装構造
における実施の１形態として他の屋根構造を示す各部分
拡大縦断正面図。8 (a) to 8 (c) are each a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional front view showing another roof structure as one embodiment of the exterior structure of the building of the present invention.
１ 外装体 １ａ 斜面部 １ｂ 垂直状斜辺部 １ｃ 垂直状底辺部 １ｄ 通し孔 １ｅ 頂辺部 １ｆ 取付座部 １ｇ 取付孔部 １ｈ 水平状延設部 ２ 外装面部 ３ 斜弦材 ４ 接続ボルト ５ ナット ６ 防水部材 ７ 上弦材 ７ａ 扁平状端部 ７ｂ 孔部 ８ 取付ボルト ９ ナット １０ 防水部材 １１ 下弦材 １１ａ Ｌ状接続部 １２ 樋部 １３ 垂直状延設部 １４ 継ぎ部 １５ 採光窓（採光装置） １６ 換気口（換気装置） １７ 太陽電池パネル（太陽電池変換装置） Reference Signs List 1 exterior body 1a slope 1b vertical oblique side 1c vertical bottom 1d through hole 1e top side 1f mounting seat 1g mounting hole 1h horizontal extension 2 exterior surface 3 swash chord material 4 connection bolt 5 nut 6 Waterproof member 7 Upper chord material 7a Flat end portion 7b Hole 8 Mounting bolt 9 Nut 10 Waterproof member 11 Lower chord material 11a L-shaped connection portion 12 Gutter portion 13 Vertically extending portion 14 Joint portion 15 Lighting window (lighting device) 16 Ventilation Mouth (ventilator) 17 Solar panel (solar cell converter)
Claims (3)
造であって、斜面部で外装面部を形成している断面台形
状または断面山形状の外装体における斜辺部が斜弦材
を、斜面部下縁が底辺部を、それぞれ形成していて、隣
り合う外装体の斜辺部同士および底辺部同士をそれぞれ
接続し、隣り合う外装体の頂辺部間に上弦材を架設する
と共に、各外装体の底辺部間に下弦材を架設してあるこ
とを特徴とする建築物の外装構造。1. An exterior structure of a building having a three-dimensional truss structure, wherein an oblique side portion of a trapezoidal or mountain-shaped exterior body forming an exterior surface portion on a slope portion has a slanted chord material and a lower portion of the slope portion. The edges form the bottom portion, respectively, connect the oblique sides of the adjacent exterior bodies and the bottom sides, respectively, and install the upper chord material between the top sides of the adjacent exterior bodies, and An exterior structure of a building, wherein a lower chord is provided between bases.
する請求項１記載の建築物の外装構造。2. The exterior structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the bottom has a gutter.
置、換気装置、太陽電池変換装置のいずれかまたは組み
合わせからなることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載
の建築物の外装構造。3. The exterior structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the exterior surface portion is formed of any one or a combination of a daylighting device, a ventilation device, and a solar cell conversion device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000373877A JP3501222B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Exterior structure of building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000373877A JP3501222B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Exterior structure of building |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002174005A true JP2002174005A (en) | 2002-06-21 |
| JP3501222B2 JP3501222B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
Family
ID=18843171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000373877A Expired - Fee Related JP3501222B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Exterior structure of building |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3501222B2 (en) |
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| CN106760250A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 石亿兵 | Translation open-close type roofing lets out sudden and violent ventilating skylight |
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| CN108179846A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 石亿兵 | The slim lighting and ventilation device of truss-like |
| CN110424602A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-08 | 辽宁煜梽新型建材有限公司 | A kind of component on site construction method of superimposed sheet |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806580A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-05-21 | 冯刚克 | Building-integrated solar cell module curtain wall and roof |
| CN103806580B (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 冯刚克 | Building integrated solar cell module curtain wall and roofing |
| CN106760250A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 石亿兵 | Translation open-close type roofing lets out sudden and violent ventilating skylight |
| CN106765826A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-31 | 石亿兵 | Emission reduction environment-protecting roof ventilator |
| CN108179846A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 石亿兵 | The slim lighting and ventilation device of truss-like |
| JP2020079535A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-28 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Top light |
| JP7163562B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2022-11-01 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | top light |
| CN110424602A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-08 | 辽宁煜梽新型建材有限公司 | A kind of component on site construction method of superimposed sheet |
| CN110625732A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-12-31 | 辽宁煜梽新型建材有限公司 | Method for manufacturing laminated plate |
| WO2024030100A1 (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-02-08 | Yildiz Tekni̇k Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ | A shading element |
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|---|---|
| JP3501222B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
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