JP2002136984A - Apparatus and method for treating sewage - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for treating sewageInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002136984A JP2002136984A JP2000338040A JP2000338040A JP2002136984A JP 2002136984 A JP2002136984 A JP 2002136984A JP 2000338040 A JP2000338040 A JP 2000338040A JP 2000338040 A JP2000338040 A JP 2000338040A JP 2002136984 A JP2002136984 A JP 2002136984A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sewage
- treated
- carrier
- treatment
- partition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、担体を用いた汚水
処理に係り、特に、汚水を生物処理する微生物を着床さ
せた担体を用いた汚水処理技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to sewage treatment using a carrier, and more particularly, to a sewage treatment technique using a carrier on which microorganisms for biologically treating sewage are implanted.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、例えば一般家庭から排出される原
汚水を浄化する汚水処理槽が知られている。かかる従来
の汚水処理槽では、上部多孔板と下部多孔板で囲まれる
担体充填領域に、例えば好気性微生物を着床させた一定
量の担体が充填されている。また、この担体充填領域を
生物処理領域（好気処理領域）と濾過領域とに区画する
とともに連通部を介して両領域間の担体の移動を可能と
する隔壁、槽内の底部からエアー（酸素）を供給する散
気装置が設けられている。そして、散気装置によって槽
内へエアーを供給することで汚水は隔壁のまわりを循環
し、生物処理領域と濾過領域との間を流動する。この汚
水循環の際、担体充填領域外への担体の流出が上部多孔
板によって阻止される。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a sewage treatment tank for purifying raw sewage discharged from a general household, for example. In such a conventional sewage treatment tank, a fixed amount of a carrier on which, for example, aerobic microorganisms have been implanted is filled in a carrier filling region surrounded by an upper porous plate and a lower porous plate. In addition, the carrier-filled region is divided into a biological treatment region (aerobic treatment region) and a filtration region, and a carrier that allows movement of the carrier between the two regions through the communicating portion, and air (oxygen) from the bottom of the tank. ) Is provided. By supplying air into the tank by the air diffuser, the sewage circulates around the partition and flows between the biological treatment area and the filtration area. During the sewage circulation, the outflow of the carrier out of the carrier filling region is prevented by the upper perforated plate.
【０００３】このような構成の汚水処理槽では、生物処
理領域において担体を汚水とともに流動させることで、
微生物によって汚水中の有機汚濁物質を分解（酸化や還
元）する、いわゆる生物処理が行われる。また、生物処
理で発生する被濾過物等を担体によって濾過する濾過処
理が行われる。更に、濾過処理によって担体に捕捉され
た汚泥等をエアー流によって物理的に剥離させ、汚泥等
を含む逆洗水を汚水処理槽から抜き出す逆洗処理が行わ
れる。In the sewage treatment tank having such a configuration, the carrier is caused to flow together with the sewage in the biological treatment area,
The so-called biological treatment of decomposing (oxidizing or reducing) organic pollutants in wastewater by microorganisms is performed. In addition, a filtration process of filtering a substance to be filtered or the like generated in the biological treatment by a carrier is performed. Further, a backwashing process is performed in which sludge and the like captured on the carrier by the filtration process are physically separated by an air flow, and backwash water containing the sludge and the like is extracted from the wastewater treatment tank.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の汚水処理槽
では、隔壁の頂部よりも汚水の水面が高い場合に、例え
ば生物処理領域の汚水が隔壁を越えて濾過領域へ移動
し、また濾過領域の汚水が連通部を介して生物処理領域
に移動することで槽内の汚水が循環する。ところが、隔
壁の頂部よりも汚水の水面が低くなると、生物処理領域
と濾過領域との間で汚水の循環は確立されなくなる。そ
して、生物処理時に汚水の循環が行われなくなると、生
物処理領域と濾過領域との間の担体の円滑な移動が阻止
され好適な処理が阻害されるという問題がある。また、
逆洗処理時に汚水の循環が行われなくなると、逆洗自体
を行うことができないという問題がある。そして、この
ような水面低下による問題は、例えば流量調整機能付き
浄化槽のように、処理過程において水面が変動するよう
な処理槽に特に顕著である。In the above-mentioned conventional sewage treatment tank, when the water level of the sewage is higher than the top of the partition wall, for example, the sewage in the biological treatment area moves over the partition wall to the filtration area, The sewage in the tank is circulated by moving the sewage to the biological treatment area via the communication part. However, when the water level of the sewage is lower than the top of the partition, circulation of the sewage is not established between the biological treatment area and the filtration area. Then, if the circulation of the wastewater is not performed during the biological treatment, there is a problem that the smooth movement of the carrier between the biological treatment region and the filtration region is prevented, and a suitable treatment is hindered. Also,
If the circulation of the wastewater is not performed during the backwashing process, there is a problem that the backwashing itself cannot be performed. Such a problem caused by a decrease in the water surface is particularly remarkable in a treatment tank in which the water surface fluctuates in the treatment process, such as a septic tank with a flow rate adjusting function.
【０００５】水面が低下しても循環が行われるように隔
壁の頂部および上部多孔部材を低水位線（Ｌ.Ｗ.Ｌ.）
以下にすると、担体を充填できる領域容量を削減するこ
とになり、処理効率が悪くなる。そこで、本発明は、微
生物を着床させた担体が充填された処理槽を有する汚水
の処理装置において、被処理汚水の水面が変動した場合
でも被処理汚水の循環を極力維持することで好適な処理
を行う合理的な汚水処理技術を提供することを課題とす
る。[0005] The top and upper porous members of the partition walls are provided with a low water line (LWL) so that circulation is performed even if the water level is lowered.
In the following, the capacity of the region in which the carrier can be filled is reduced, and the processing efficiency is deteriorated. Therefore, the present invention is preferably applied to a sewage treatment apparatus having a treatment tank filled with a carrier on which microorganisms have been implanted, by maintaining the circulation of the sewage as much as possible even when the surface of the sewage varies. It is an object to provide a rational sewage treatment technology for performing treatment.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記課題を解決するため
に、本発明の汚水の処理装置は、請求項１〜４に記載の
通りに構成されている。また、本発明の汚水の処理方法
は、請求項５〜８に記載の通りである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described in claims 1 to 4. The method for treating sewage of the present invention is as described in claims 5 to 8.
【０００７】請求項１に記載の汚水の処理装置におい
て、処理槽内には微生物を着床させた担体が充填されて
いる。この微生物としては、汚水中の有機性汚濁物質を
好気分解する好気性微生物や嫌気分解する嫌気性微生物
がある。また、処理槽内には複数の領域と、これら領域
を区画する区画部材が設けられている。また、処理槽へ
エアーを供給する散気装置が設けられている。そして、
散気装置から処理槽へエアーが供給されると、そのエア
ー流によって被処理汚水が区画部材を越えて領域間を循
環する。更に、区画部材の頂部よりも水面が低下した被
処理汚水を領域間において移動させる被処理汚水移動手
段が設けられている。ここで本発明でいう「頂部」とは
領域を区画する区画部材においてその高さが最も高い箇
所をいう。これにより、被処理汚水の水面が低下した場
合でも領域間を被処理汚水が移動し被処理汚水の循環が
維持されることとなる。また、領域間における担体の円
滑な移動が維持されることとなる。なお、本発明でいう
「被処理汚水移動手段」とは、水面が区画部材の頂部よ
りも低い被処理汚水を領域間において移動させるもので
あって、例えば、区画部材の頂部よりも低い位置に領域
間を常時連通する連通径路を設けこの連通径路を介して
領域間を常時連通する態様や、被処理汚水の水面高さが
区画部材の頂部よりも低くなった場合にのみ連通径路、
ポンプ、バルブ等を用いて被処理汚水を領域間で移動さ
せる態様等を広く含むものとする。また、このような連
通径路の設置形態としては、処理槽内部に設ける場合、
処理槽外部に設ける場合、また処理槽の内部および外部
に設ける場合等、種々のパターンがある。また、本発明
でいう「担体」には、例えば、パーライト、シラスバル
ーン、発泡コンクリート、活性炭、多孔質セラミック、
多孔質硝子等の無機系担体、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピ
レン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリウレタン等の合成樹脂系担
体が含まれるものとする。以上のように、請求項１に記
載した汚水の処理装置によれば、被処理汚水の水面が低
下した場合でも被処理汚水の循環を極力維持することが
できる。例えば、流量調整機能付き浄化槽のように、処
理過程において水面が変動するような処理槽に特に有効
である。[0007] In the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first aspect, the treatment tank is filled with a carrier on which microorganisms have been implanted. These microorganisms include aerobic microorganisms that aerobically decompose organic pollutants in wastewater and anaerobic microorganisms that anaerobically decompose. Further, a plurality of regions and a partition member for partitioning these regions are provided in the processing tank. Further, an air diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank is provided. And
When air is supplied from the air diffuser to the treatment tank, the wastewater to be treated circulates between the regions over the partition member by the air flow. Further, there is provided a treated sewage moving means for moving the treated sewage whose water level is lower than the top of the partition member between the regions. Here, the "top" in the present invention refers to a portion having the highest height in a partition member for partitioning an area. As a result, even when the water level of the sewage decreases, the sewage moves between the regions and the circulation of the sewage is maintained. Further, smooth movement of the carrier between the regions is maintained. In the present invention, the "processed sewage moving means" means to move the sewage to be treated whose water level is lower than the top of the partition member between the regions, and, for example, at a position lower than the top of the partition member. A communication path that always provides communication between the areas is provided.A communication path that is always provided between the areas through the communication path and a communication path only when the water surface height of the treated sewage becomes lower than the top of the partition member.
It is intended to broadly include a mode in which sewage to be treated is moved between regions using a pump, a valve, or the like. In addition, as an installation form of such a communication path, when it is provided inside the processing tank,
There are various patterns, for example, when provided outside the processing tank, and when provided inside and outside the processing tank. Further, the "carrier" in the present invention includes, for example, perlite, shirasu balloon, foamed concrete, activated carbon, porous ceramic,
An inorganic carrier such as porous glass and a synthetic resin carrier such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyurethane are included. As described above, according to the sewage treatment apparatus described in claim 1, even if the water level of the sewage to be treated is lowered, the circulation of the sewage to be treated can be maintained as much as possible. For example, the present invention is particularly effective for a treatment tank in which the water surface fluctuates during the treatment process, such as a septic tank with a flow rate adjusting function.
【０００８】ここで、被処理汚水移動手段は、請求項２
に記載のように区画部材に設けられた開孔部であること
が好ましい。この開孔部は、被処理汚水は通過するが担
体は通過しない開孔を有するものである。これにより、
被処理汚水移動手段となる開孔部を区画部材に設けた簡
単な構成によって、被処理汚水の水面が低下した場合で
も被処理汚水の循環を極力維持することができる。とり
わけ、領域間で被処理汚水は循環させるが担体の循環は
行わないような処理槽に好適に用いることができる。Here, the means for moving sewage to be treated is defined in claim 2.
It is preferable that the opening is provided in the partition member as described in (1). This opening has an opening through which sewage to be treated passes but through which the carrier does not pass. This allows
With a simple configuration in which an opening serving as a treated sewage moving means is provided in the partition member, even if the surface of the treated sewage falls, the circulation of the treated sewage can be maintained as much as possible. In particular, the present invention can be suitably used for a treatment tank in which sewage to be treated is circulated between regions but carrier is not circulated.
【０００９】また、請求項３に記載の汚水の処理装置に
おいて、処理槽内には上部多孔部材と下部多孔部材とが
設けられ、両多孔部材の間の空間部には好気性微生物を
着床させた担体が充填されている。この空間部は、隔壁
によって好気処理領域と、濾過領域と区画されている。
また、処理槽へエアーを供給する散気装置が設けられて
いる。そして、散気装置から処理槽へエアーが供給され
ると、そのエアー流によって被処理汚水が隔壁を越えて
好気処理領域と濾過領域との間で循環する。更に、隔壁
において該隔壁の頂部よりも下方には、開孔部が設けら
れている。この開孔部は、被処理汚水は通過するが担体
は通過しない開孔を有するものである。これにより、被
処理汚水の水面が低下した場合でも好気処理領域と濾過
領域との間で被処理汚水が移動し被処理汚水の循環が維
持されることとなる。また、好気処理領域と濾過領域と
の間における担体の円滑な移動が維持されることとな
る。また、隔壁に開孔部を設けたため、好気処理領域と
濾過領域との間で被処理汚水を移動させる構成が簡単で
ある。しかも、好気処理領域と濾過領域との間における
担体の循環は開孔部によって阻止されることとなる。従
って、とりわけ、槽内で担体および被処理汚水を流動さ
せて好気性処理（生物処理）および濾過を行う処理槽、
すなわち好気処理領域と濾過領域との間で被処理汚水は
循環させるが担体の循環は行わないような処理槽に好適
に用いることができる。In the sewage treatment apparatus according to the third aspect, an upper porous member and a lower porous member are provided in the treatment tank, and aerobic microorganisms are implanted in a space between the two porous members. The filled carrier is filled. This space is partitioned by a partition into an aerobic treatment area and a filtration area.
Further, an air diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank is provided. When air is supplied from the air diffuser to the treatment tank, the air flow causes the wastewater to be treated to circulate between the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region over the partition. Further, an opening is provided in the partition below the top of the partition. This opening has an opening through which sewage to be treated passes but through which the carrier does not pass. As a result, even when the water level of the wastewater to be treated is lowered, the wastewater to be treated moves between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area, and the circulation of the wastewater to be treated is maintained. In addition, smooth movement of the carrier between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area is maintained. Further, since the opening is provided in the partition, the configuration for moving the sewage to be treated between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area is simple. In addition, the circulation of the carrier between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area is prevented by the opening. Therefore, in particular, a treatment tank for aerobic treatment (biological treatment) and filtration by flowing the carrier and the wastewater to be treated in the tank,
That is, the wastewater to be treated can be circulated between the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region, but can be suitably used in a treatment tank in which the carrier is not circulated.
【００１０】また、請求項４に記載の汚水の処理装置に
よれば、処理槽の流出口が抜出径路と循環径路とに連絡
されているため、処理槽から抜き出される処理水の一部
を装置上流設備側へ循環させることができる。ここで、
このような汚水の処理装置は、図１に示すような担体流
動生物濾過槽を、夾雑物除去槽、嫌気濾床槽、処理水
槽、消毒槽等の各種の処理槽の全部または一部と組み合
わせることによって構成するのが好ましい。このように
構成すれば、例えば、担体流動生物濾過槽の流出口と連
絡する循環径路によって、担体流動生物濾過槽で処理さ
れた被処理汚水の一部を夾雑物除去槽へ循環させ、残り
の被処理汚水を抜出径路によって処理水槽へ送ることが
できる。これにより、例えば、被処理汚水を担体流動生
物濾過槽から１パスで抜き出す場合に比して、装置下流
設備側へ送る被処理汚水の性状を安定化させることがで
きる。Further, according to the sewage treatment apparatus of the fourth aspect, the outlet of the treatment tank is connected to the extraction path and the circulation path, so that part of the treatment water extracted from the treatment tank. Can be circulated to the equipment upstream equipment side. here,
Such a wastewater treatment apparatus combines a carrier fluidized biological filtration tank as shown in FIG. 1 with all or a part of various treatment tanks such as a contaminant removal tank, an anaerobic filter bed tank, a treatment water tank, and a disinfection tank. It is preferable to configure by. With such a configuration, for example, a part of the wastewater to be treated that has been treated in the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank is circulated to the contaminant removal tank by a circulation path communicating with the outlet of the carrier fluidized biological filtration vessel, and the remaining The sewage to be treated can be sent to the treatment water tank through the extraction path. This makes it possible to stabilize the properties of the sewage to be sent to the downstream equipment side as compared to, for example, extracting the sewage to be treated from the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank in one pass.
【００１１】請求項５に記載の汚水の処理方法では、区
画部材の頂部よりも水面が低下した被処理汚水を領域間
において移動させる被処理汚水移動手段を設けたうえ
で、第１の処理行程において所定の手順を順次行うこと
によって、被処理汚水の水面が低下した場合でも領域間
で被処理汚水を移動させ被処理汚水の循環を維持するこ
とができる。また、領域間における担体の円滑な移動を
維持することができる。例えば、流量調整機能付き浄化
槽のように、処理過程において水面が変動するような汚
水の処理に特に有効である。In the method for treating sewage according to claim 5, the sewage treatment means for moving the sewage having a lower water level than the top of the partition member between the regions is provided, and the first treatment step is performed. By sequentially performing the predetermined procedures in the above, even when the water level of the sewage to be treated is lowered, the sewage to be treated can be moved between the regions and the circulation of the sewage to be treated can be maintained. In addition, smooth movement of the carrier between the regions can be maintained. For example, it is particularly effective for the treatment of sewage such as a septic tank with a flow rate adjusting function in which the water surface fluctuates in the treatment process.
【００１２】また、請求項６に記載の汚水の処理方法で
は、区画部材に被処理汚水は通過するが担体は通過しな
いような開孔部を設けたうえで、第１の処理行程を行
う。この第１の処理行程としては例えば担体流動生物濾
過槽における通常運転がある。第１の処理行程（通常運
転）において所定の手順を順次行うことによって、被処
理汚水の水面が低下した場合でも領域間で被処理汚水を
移動させ被処理汚水の循環を維持することができる。と
りわけ、領域間で被処理汚水は循環させるが担体の循環
は行わないような汚水処理に好適に用いることができ
る。In the method for treating sewage according to claim 6, the first treatment step is performed after the partition member is provided with an opening through which the sewage to be treated passes but the carrier does not. The first treatment step includes, for example, a normal operation in a carrier-flowing biological filtration tank. By sequentially performing a predetermined procedure in the first treatment step (normal operation), even when the water level of the wastewater to be treated is lowered, the wastewater to be treated can be moved between the regions and the circulation of the wastewater can be maintained. In particular, the present invention can be suitably used for sewage treatment in which sewage to be treated is circulated between regions but carrier is not circulated.
【００１３】また、請求項７に記載の汚水の処理方法で
は、隔壁に被処理汚水は通過するが担体は通過しないよ
うな開孔部を設けたうえで、第１の処理行程において所
定の手順を順次行うことによって、被処理汚水の水面が
低下した場合でも好気処理領域と濾過領域との間で被処
理汚水を移動させ被処理汚水の循環を維持することがで
きる。好気処理領域と濾過領域との間における担体の円
滑な移動を維持することができる。とりわけ、槽内で担
体および被処理汚水を流動させて好気性処理（生物処
理）および濾過を行う処理槽、すなわち好気処理領域と
濾過領域との間で被処理汚水は循環させるが担体の循環
は行わないような処理槽に好適に用いることができる。[0013] In the method for treating sewage according to claim 7, an aperture is provided in the partition wall so that the sewage to be treated passes but the carrier does not pass, and then a predetermined procedure is performed in the first treatment step. , The sewage to be treated can be moved between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area to maintain the circulation of the sewage to be treated, even when the water level of the sewage to be treated is lowered. The smooth movement of the carrier between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area can be maintained. In particular, a treatment tank for aerobic treatment (biological treatment) and filtration by flowing the carrier and the wastewater to be treated in the tank, that is, the wastewater to be treated is circulated between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area, but the carrier is circulated. It can be suitably used for a processing tank in which the process is not performed.
【００１４】また、請求項８に記載の汚水の処理方法で
は、第１の処理行程の次に第２の処理行程を行う。この
第２の処理行程としては例えば担体流動生物濾過槽にお
ける逆洗運転がある。第２の処理行程（逆洗運転）にお
いて散気装置から濾過領域へエアーを供給することで、
担体に捕捉された被濾過物をエアー流れによって該担体
から剥離させることができる。また、この被濾過物は処
理槽から抜き出される。すなわち、濾過領域の逆洗が行
われることとなる。そしてこの際、隔壁の頂部よりも被
処理汚水の水面が低下しても、開孔部を介して好気処理
領域と濾過領域との間で被処理汚水の循環は維持される
こととなる。濾過領域の担体の逆洗過程において被処理
汚水の水面は低下していくが、開孔部を設けることで開
孔部を設けない場合に比して被処理汚水の循環を維持す
る時間を延ばすことできる。従って、請求項８に記載の
汚水の処理方法によれば、第２の処理行程において、濾
過領域の担体を効率よく逆洗することができる。In the method for treating sewage according to claim 8, a second treatment step is performed after the first treatment step. The second treatment step includes, for example, a backwash operation in a carrier fluidized biological filtration tank. By supplying air from the air diffuser to the filtration area in the second processing step (backwashing operation),
An object to be filtered captured by the carrier can be separated from the carrier by an air flow. The material to be filtered is extracted from the processing tank. That is, the backwashing of the filtration area is performed. At this time, even if the water level of the wastewater to be treated is lower than the top of the partition wall, the circulation of the wastewater to be treated is maintained between the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region through the opening. During the backwashing process of the carrier in the filtration area, the water level of the sewage to be treated lowers, but by providing the opening, the time for maintaining the circulation of the sewage to be treated is extended as compared with the case where the opening is not provided. I can do it. Therefore, according to the method for treating sewage described in claim 8, the carrier in the filtration area can be efficiently backwashed in the second treatment step.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に、本発明の一実施の形態の
担体流動生物濾過槽の構成等を図面を用いて説明する。
ここで、図１は、汚水の処理行程の概要を示す図であ
る。また、図２は、担体流動生物濾過槽１０の模式図で
ある。また、図３は図２中の開孔部の構成を示す平面図
であり、図４は別の実施の形態の開孔部の構成を示す平
面図である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The structure of a carrier-flowing biological filtration tank according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Here, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a wastewater treatment process. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the opening in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the opening in another embodiment.
【００１６】図１に示すように、例えば一般家庭から排
出された原汚水は、夾雑物除去槽１、嫌気濾床槽２、担
体流動生物濾過槽１０、処理水槽３、消毒槽４等によっ
て構成される汚水の処理装置で順に処理され、浄化水と
して放流される。夾雑物除去槽１では、原汚水中に含ま
れる大きな固形物や油脂等の固液分離を行う。また、嫌
気濾床槽２では、夾雑物除去槽１で処理された処理水中
の有機性汚濁物質を嫌気性微生物の働きによって嫌気分
解する。また、担体流動生物濾過槽１０（本発明におけ
る処理槽に対応している）では、酸素が存在する好気性
条件下において、嫌気濾床槽２で処理された処理水Ａ中
の有機汚濁物質を槽内の好気性微生物によって分解（酸
化）する。また、処理水槽３では、担体流動生物濾過槽
１０で処理された処理水を一時的に貯留し、必要に応じ
て夾雑物除去槽１へ循環させる。また、消毒槽４では、
放流する前の処理水の消毒を行う。As shown in FIG. 1, for example, raw sewage discharged from a general household is constituted by a contaminant removal tank 1, an anaerobic filter bed tank 2, a carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10, a treatment water tank 3, a disinfection tank 4, and the like. The wastewater is sequentially treated by a wastewater treatment device and discharged as purified water. In the contaminant removal tank 1, solid-liquid separation of large solids and fats and oils contained in the raw sewage is performed. In the anaerobic filter bed tank 2, the organic pollutants in the treated water treated in the impurity removing tank 1 are anaerobically decomposed by the action of anaerobic microorganisms. In the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10 (corresponding to the treatment tank in the present invention), the organic pollutants in the treated water A treated in the anaerobic filter bed tank 2 are removed under aerobic conditions in the presence of oxygen. Decomposed (oxidized) by aerobic microorganisms in the tank. In the treated water tank 3, the treated water treated in the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10 is temporarily stored and circulated to the contaminant removal tank 1 as necessary. In the disinfection tank 4,
Disinfect treated water before release.
【００１７】図２に示すように、担体流動生物濾過槽１
０の槽本体１２には、流入口１３および流出口１４が設
けられている。流入口１３は、図１中の嫌気濾床槽２か
ら抜き出された処理水Ａを槽本体１２へ受入れるもので
ある。また、流出口１４は、担体流動生物濾過槽１０で
処理された処理水Ｂを槽本体１２から抜き出すものであ
る。なお、図２では処理水Ｂの抜き出し構造を模式的に
示しているが、処理水Ｂの抜き出し構造は、例えば、槽
本体１２の槽壁を越えて処理水Ｂが流出することで槽本
体１２内の滞液量および水面高さが一定に保たれる、い
わゆる押出し流れの原理を用いたものや、また、槽本体
１２内の滞液量および水面高さを槽本体１２への受入れ
量と槽本体１２からの抜き出し量とのバランスによって
制御するものを用いることができる。このようにして、
処理水Ａは担体流動生物濾過槽１０で連続式で処理され
る。As shown in FIG. 2, the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 1
The zero tank main body 12 is provided with an inflow port 13 and an outflow port 14. The inflow port 13 receives the treated water A extracted from the anaerobic filter bed tank 2 in FIG. The outlet 14 is for extracting the treated water B treated in the carrier flowing biological filtration tank 10 from the tank body 12. FIG. 2 schematically shows a structure for extracting the treated water B. However, the structure for extracting the treated water B is, for example, such that the treated water B flows out of the tank wall of the tank body 12 so that the treated water B flows out. And the so-called extrusion flow principle in which the amount of liquid retained and the water level in the tank are kept constant, and the amount of liquid retained and the water level in the tank body 12 What is controlled by the balance with the withdrawal amount from the tank body 12 can be used. In this way,
The treated water A is treated in the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10 in a continuous manner.
【００１８】また、流出口１４の下流側は、循環径路１
５と抜出径路１６との２つに分岐されており、槽本体１
２から抜き出される処理水Ｂは、循環径路１５、抜出径
路１６を介して夾雑物除去槽１、処理水槽３へ送られる
ように構成されている。例えば、後述する通常運転にお
いて、槽本体１２から抜き出される処理水Ｂの一部は循
環径路１５を通じて夾雑物除去槽１へ戻され、残りは抜
出径路１６を通じて処理水槽３へ送られる。また、後述
する逆洗運転において、槽本体１２から抜き出される逆
洗水は、循環径路１５を通じて夾雑物除去槽１へ送られ
る。そして、夾雑物除去槽１への液移送の際に、担体流
動生物濾過槽１０の水面が一時的に低下するため、上流
側の処理槽から担体流動生物濾過槽１０へ被処理汚水を
受入れる箇所に流量調整手段（例えば、間欠定量ポン
プ）が設けられている。なお、夾雑物除去槽１等が本発
明における装置上流設備に対応しており、処理水槽３が
本発明における装置下流設備に対応している。The downstream side of the outlet 14 is provided with the circulation path 1.
5 and an extraction path 16.
The treated water B extracted from 2 is configured to be sent to the impurity removing tank 1 and the treated water tank 3 via the circulation path 15 and the extraction path 16. For example, in normal operation to be described later, part of the treated water B extracted from the tank body 12 is returned to the impurity removing tank 1 through the circulation path 15, and the rest is sent to the treated water tank 3 through the extraction path 16. In a backwashing operation described later, backwash water extracted from the tank body 12 is sent to the impurity removing tank 1 through the circulation path 15. When the liquid is transferred to the contaminant removal tank 1, the water level of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 temporarily drops. Is provided with a flow rate adjusting means (for example, an intermittent metering pump). Note that the impurity removing tank 1 and the like correspond to the upstream equipment of the present invention, and the treated water tank 3 corresponds to the downstream equipment of the present invention.
【００１９】次に、槽本体１２の内部の構成について説
明する。槽本体１２には、上部多孔部材１８および下部
多孔部材１９によって区画された高さＬ１の担体充填領
域２０（本発明における空間部に対応している）が形成
されている。この担体充填領域２０には、例えば、中空
円筒状に形成された所定量の粒状担体Ｃ（本発明におけ
る担体に対応している）が充填されている。この粒状担
体Ｃには、酸素が存在する好気性条件下において有機汚
濁物質を分解（酸化）する好気性微生物が着床されてい
る。そして、粒状担体Ｃは上部多孔部材１８および下部
多孔部材１９によって区画された担体充填領域２０内を
移動可能に構成されている。なお、上部多孔部材１８お
よび下部多孔部材１９はいずれも複数の孔を有する多孔
板であり、この孔は粒状担体Ｃが通過しない大きさに形
成されている。すなわち、多孔部材１８，１９は被処理
汚水の通過は許容するが粒状担体Ｃの通過は許容しな
い。従って、担体充填領域２０外への粒状担体Ｃの流出
が多孔部材１８，１９によって阻止されることとなる。Next, the internal structure of the tank body 12 will be described. The tank main body 12 is formed with a carrier-filled region 20 (corresponding to a space in the present invention) having a height L1 defined by the upper porous member 18 and the lower porous member 19. The carrier filling region 20 is filled with, for example, a predetermined amount of a granular carrier C (corresponding to the carrier in the present invention) formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. Aerobic microorganisms that decompose (oxidize) organic pollutants under aerobic conditions in the presence of oxygen are implanted in the granular carrier C. The granular carrier C is configured to be movable in a carrier filling region 20 defined by the upper porous member 18 and the lower porous member 19. Each of the upper porous member 18 and the lower porous member 19 is a porous plate having a plurality of holes, and these holes are formed in a size that does not allow the granular carrier C to pass through. That is, the porous members 18 and 19 allow passage of the wastewater to be treated, but do not allow passage of the granular carrier C. Therefore, the outflow of the granular carrier C out of the carrier filling region 20 is prevented by the porous members 18 and 19.
【００２０】担体充填領域２０内において、上部多孔部
材１８にはＬ１よりも低い高さＨの隔壁４０（本発明に
おける区画部材に対応している）が設置されている。ま
た、隔壁４０の下部には、第１担体充填部２１と第２担
体充填部２２を連通する連通口１１（本発明における連
通部に対応している）が形成されている。隔壁４０は担
体充填領域２０を左右に区画するものであり、担体充填
領域２０は隔壁４０を介して第１担体充填部２１と第２
担体充填部２２とに区画されている。従って、粒状担体
Ｃは、隔壁４０によって第１担体充填部２１に属する粒
状担体Ｃ１と、第２担体充填部２２に属する粒状担体Ｃ
２とに分配される。そして、粒状担体Ｃ１，Ｃ２は連通
口１１を介して第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２
２との間を移動可能に構成されている。なお、担体充填
領域２０への粒状担体Ｃの初期充填時（図２）におい
て、第１担体充填部２１および第２担体充填部２２にお
ける充填高さはいずれもＬ２（＜Ｌ１）である。In the carrier filling region 20, a partition wall 40 (corresponding to the partition member in the present invention) having a height H lower than L1 is provided in the upper porous member 18. Further, a communication port 11 (corresponding to a communication section in the present invention) for communicating the first carrier filling section 21 and the second carrier filling section 22 is formed below the partition wall 40. The partition 40 divides the carrier filling region 20 into right and left, and the carrier filling region 20 is separated from the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second
It is partitioned into a carrier filling section 22. Therefore, the granular carrier C is divided into the granular carrier C1 belonging to the first carrier filling portion 21 and the granular carrier C belonging to the second carrier filling portion 22 by the partition wall 40.
2 and distributed. The granular carriers C1 and C2 are connected to the first carrier filling unit 21 and the second carrier filling unit 2 through the communication port 11.
2 is movable. At the time of the initial filling of the granular carrier C into the carrier filling region 20 (FIG. 2), the filling heights of the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second carrier filling portion 22 are both L2 (<L1).
【００２１】図２に示すように、隔壁４０は被処理汚水
および粒状担体Ｃが通過しない仕切部４１と、被処理汚
水は通過するが粒状担体Ｃは通過しない開孔部４２（本
発明の被処理汚水移動手段に対応している）とによって
構成されている。そして、上部多孔部材１８と仕切部４
１との間に開孔部４２が設けられている。この開孔部４
２は、図３に示すように、枠体４２ａ内に粒状担体Ｃの
粒径よりも小さい複数のスリット４２ｂ（開孔）を有す
るものである。これにより、被処理汚水の水面が隔壁４
０の頂部４０ａよりも低く、仕切部４１よりも高い場合
には、被処理汚水はスリット４２ｂを介して第１担体充
填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間で移動することと
なる。なお、隔壁４０に、図３に示す開孔部４２にかえ
て図４に示すような開孔部４３を設けることもできる。
この開孔部４３は、枠体４３ａ内に粒状担体Ｃの粒径よ
りも小さい複数の格子４３ｂ（開孔）を有するものであ
る。従って、隔壁４０に開孔部４３を設けた場合でも開
孔部４２を設けた場合と同様の効果を奏することとな
る。As shown in FIG. 2, the partition wall 40 has a partition portion 41 through which the sewage to be treated and the granular carrier C do not pass, and an opening portion 42 through which the sewage to be treated passes but the granular carrier C does not pass (the subject of the invention). (Corresponding to the treated sewage moving means). Then, the upper porous member 18 and the partition 4
An opening 42 is provided between the opening 1 and the opening 1. This opening 4
2 has a plurality of slits 42b (opening) smaller than the particle size of the granular carrier C in the frame body 42a as shown in FIG. As a result, the surface of the sewage to be treated is
When it is lower than the top 40a and higher than the partition 41, the sewage to be treated moves between the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second carrier filling portion 22 through the slit 42b. The partition 40 may be provided with an opening 43 as shown in FIG. 4 instead of the opening 42 shown in FIG.
The opening 43 has a plurality of lattices 43b (openings) smaller than the particle size of the granular carrier C in the frame 43a. Therefore, even when the opening 43 is provided in the partition wall 40, the same effect as when the opening 42 is provided can be obtained.
【００２２】下部多孔部材１９の下方位置には、第１担
体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２２の各々に対応した位
置に、第１散気装置３１、第２散気装置３２が設置され
ている。散気装置３１，３２は、ブロワ（図示省略）に
接続された散気管３１ａ，３２ａを備え、ブロワを起動
させることによって散気管３１ａ，３２ａから第１担体
充填部２１，第２担体充填部２２へ所定量のエアー（酸
素を含むガス）を供給するように構成されている。ま
た、初期充填時（図２）において、例えば第１散気装置
３１を運転した場合には、エアーの上向流が第１担体充
填部２１の粒状担体Ｃ１に作用することで、第２担体充
填部２２の粒状担体Ｃ２は連通口１１を介して第１担体
充填部２１内へ移動するように構成されている。この第
１散気装置３１のエアーの上向流によって、更に、担体
流動生物濾過槽１０における被処理汚水は、第１担体充
填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間で循環するように
構成されている。なお、担体流動生物濾過槽１０以外の
他の処理槽は周知のものであり、他の処理槽の構成等に
ついての詳細な説明は省略する。Below the lower porous member 19, a first air diffuser 31 and a second air diffuser 32 are installed at positions corresponding to the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second carrier filling portion 22, respectively. ing. The air diffusers 31 and 32 include air diffusers 31a and 32a connected to a blower (not shown), and the first carrier filling part 21 and the second carrier filling part 22 from the air diffusers 31a and 32a by activating the blower. It is configured to supply a predetermined amount of air (a gas containing oxygen). Also, at the time of the initial filling (FIG. 2), for example, when the first air diffuser 31 is operated, the upward flow of the air acts on the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier filling unit 21 so that the second carrier The granular carrier C2 of the filling section 22 is configured to move into the first carrier filling section 21 through the communication port 11. By the upward flow of the air of the first air diffuser 31, the sewage to be treated in the carrier flowing biological filtration tank 10 is further circulated between the first carrier filling unit 21 and the second carrier filling unit 22. It is configured. The processing tanks other than the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10 are well-known, and a detailed description of the configuration and the like of the other processing tanks will be omitted.
【００２３】次に、上記構成の担体流動生物濾過槽１０
における汚水の処理方法について、図５〜図８を参照し
ながら説明する。ここで、図５は担体流動生物濾過槽１
０の模式図であって、通常運転時の状態を示すものであ
る。また、図６は担体流動生物濾過槽１０の模式図であ
って、逆洗運転時の状態を示すものである。図７は担体
流動生物濾過槽１０の部分拡大図であって、隔壁４０の
頂部４０ａよりも水面が高い場合の被処理汚水の移動状
態を示すものである。また、図８は担体流動生物濾過槽
１０の部分拡大図であって、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａより
も水面が低い場合の被処理汚水の移動状態を示すもので
ある。Next, the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 having the above-described structure is used.
The method of treating wastewater in the above will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG.
0 is a schematic diagram showing a state during normal operation. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 and shows a state during a backwash operation. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10 and shows a moving state of the sewage to be treated when the water surface is higher than the top 40 a of the partition wall 40. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 and shows a moving state of the sewage to be treated when the water surface is lower than the top 40 a of the partition wall 40.
【００２４】本実施の形態の汚水の処理方法には、通常
運転と逆洗運転とがある。そして通常運転が本発明にお
ける第１の処理行程に対応しており、逆洗運転が本発明
における第２の処理行程に対応している。通常運転で
は、処理水Ａ中の有機汚濁物質を、酸素が存在する好気
性条件下において好気性微生物によって分解（酸化）す
る好気性処理（生物処理）と、この分解の際に発生する
汚泥等の被濾過物を粒状担体Ｃによって濾過する処理と
を行う。また、逆洗運転では、通常運転時に粒状担体Ｃ
によって濾過され、また粒状担体Ｃから剥離した汚泥等
の被濾過物を槽本体１２から除去することで、槽本体１
２を洗浄する逆洗処理を行う。なお、本実施の形態の通
常運転では、第１担体充填部２１が好気性処理を行う好
気処理領域（生物処理領域）を構成し、第２担体充填部
２２が濾過を行う濾過領域を構成する。散気装置３１，
３２によるエアーの供給先を切り換えることで、第１担
体充填部２１を好気処理領域とし、第２担体充填部２２
を濾過領域とすることもできる。以下、通常運転および
逆洗運転における処理態様を詳細に説明する。The wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment includes a normal operation and a backwash operation. The normal operation corresponds to the first processing step in the present invention, and the backwash operation corresponds to the second processing step in the present invention. In the normal operation, an aerobic treatment (biological treatment) in which organic pollutants in the treated water A are decomposed (oxidized) by aerobic microorganisms under aerobic conditions in the presence of oxygen, and sludge generated during this decomposition And filtering the material to be filtered with the particulate carrier C. In the backwashing operation, the granular carrier C during normal operation is used.
By removing substances to be filtered such as sludge separated from the granular carrier C from the tank body 12, the tank body 1
2 is subjected to a back washing process for washing. In the normal operation of the present embodiment, the first carrier filling section 21 constitutes an aerobic treatment area (biological treatment area) for performing aerobic treatment, and the second carrier filling section 22 constitutes a filtration area for performing filtration. I do. Diffuser 31,
32, the first carrier filling unit 21 is made into an aerobic treatment area, and the second carrier filling unit 22
May be used as a filtration region. Hereinafter, processing modes in the normal operation and the backwash operation will be described in detail.
【００２５】まず、通常運転では、流入口１３から槽本
体１２へ所定量の処理水Ａを供給する。そして、流出口
１４から循環径路１５および抜出径路１６を通じてそれ
ぞれ循環水および処理水Ｂが抜き出される。また、槽本
体１２から抜き出される処理水の一部は循環径路１５を
通じて夾雑物除去槽１へ戻される。このように構成した
ため、処理水を槽本体１２から１パスで抜き出す場合に
比して、抜出径路１６を通じて抜き出される処理水Ｂの
性状を安定化させることができる。First, in normal operation, a predetermined amount of treated water A is supplied from the inflow port 13 to the tank body 12. Then, the circulating water and the treated water B are extracted from the outlet 14 through the circulation path 15 and the extraction path 16, respectively. Further, a part of the treated water extracted from the tank body 12 is returned to the impurity removing tank 1 through the circulation path 15. With such a configuration, the properties of the treated water B extracted through the extraction path 16 can be stabilized as compared with the case where the treated water is extracted from the tank main body 12 in one pass.
【００２６】そして、この通常運転において第１散気装
置３１を運転することで、図５に示すように第１担体充
填部２１へ酸素を含むエアーを供給する。これにより、
第１担体充填部２１の粒状担体Ｃ１に着床させた好気性
微生物に酸素が付与される。これにより、第１担体充填
部２１に好気性微生物が好気性処理を行うことができる
好気性条件が形成される。また、第１担体充填部２１の
下方からエアーを供給することで、第１担体充填部２１
の被処理汚水はエアーの上向流を受け、被処理汚水の移
動が開始される。そして、第１担体充填部２１と第２担
体充填部２２との間で、隔壁４０を中心とした図５中の
時計回り（右回り）の旋回流が形成される。すなわち、
第１担体充填部２１には被処理汚水の上向流が形成さ
れ、第２担体充填部２２には被処理汚水の下向流が形成
される。By operating the first air diffuser 31 in the normal operation, air containing oxygen is supplied to the first carrier filling section 21 as shown in FIG. This allows
Oxygen is provided to the aerobic microorganisms that have been implanted on the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier filling unit 21. Thereby, the aerobic condition in which the aerobic microorganisms can perform the aerobic treatment on the first carrier filling unit 21 is formed. Further, by supplying air from below the first carrier filling unit 21, the first carrier filling unit 21 is supplied with air.
The sewage to be treated receives the upward flow of air, and the movement of the sewage to be treated is started. Then, a clockwise (clockwise) swirling flow in FIG. 5 around the partition wall 40 is formed between the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second carrier filling portion 22. That is,
An upward flow of the sewage to be treated is formed in the first carrier filling section 21, and a downward flow of the sewage to be treated is formed in the second carrier filling section 22.
【００２７】通常運転において、図７に示すように隔壁
４０の頂部４０ａよりも被処理汚水の水面が高い場合
（水位線Ｈ.Ｗ.Ｌ.）は、上向流を受けた第１担体充填
部２１の被処理汚水は、上部多孔部材１８の上側の径路
および開孔部４２を通って２つの系統で第２担体充填部
２２へ移動する。また、第２担体充填部２２の被処理汚
水は、下部多孔部材１９の下側の径路および連通口１１
を通って第１担体充填部２１へ移動する。これにより、
第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間で被処
理汚水が循環する流れ、いわゆる旋回流が形成される。In the normal operation, as shown in FIG. 7, when the water level of the sewage to be treated is higher than the top 40a of the partition wall 40 (water level line HWL), the first carrier filled with the upward flow is filled. The sewage to be treated in the section 21 moves to the second carrier filling section 22 in two systems through the upper path of the upper porous member 18 and the opening section 42. In addition, the sewage to be treated in the second carrier filling portion 22 is transferred to the lower path and the communication port
Through to the first carrier filling section 21. This allows
A circulating flow of the wastewater to be treated, that is, a so-called swirling flow, is formed between the first carrier filling unit 21 and the second carrier filling unit 22.
【００２８】一方、図８に示すように隔壁４０の頂部４
０ａよりも被処理汚水の水面が低い場合（水位線Ｌ.Ｗ.
Ｌ.）は、上向流を受けた第１担体充填部２１の被処理
汚水は、開孔部４２を通って第２担体充填部２２へ移動
する。また、第２担体充填部２２の被処理汚水は、下部
多孔部材１９の下側の径路および連通口１１を通って第
１担体充填部２１へ移動する。これにより、第１担体充
填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間で旋回流が形成さ
れる。従って、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａよりも被処理汚水
の水面が低い場合であっても、仕切部４１の上側に水面
があれば、第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２２と
の間での旋回流は維持されることとなる。On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
0a is lower than the water level (water level line LW.
L.), the sewage to be treated in the first carrier filling unit 21 that has received the upward flow moves to the second carrier filling unit 22 through the opening 42. The sewage to be treated in the second carrier filling section 22 moves to the first carrier filling section 21 through the lower path of the lower porous member 19 and the communication port 11. Thereby, a swirling flow is formed between the first carrier filling section 21 and the second carrier filling section 22. Therefore, even if the water surface of the sewage to be treated is lower than the top 40 a of the partition wall 40, if there is a water surface above the partitioning portion 41, the space between the first carrier filling portion 21 and the second carrier filling portion 22 is formed. Is maintained.
【００２９】従って、通常運転時に夾雑物除去槽１へ循
環水を移送する際、担体流動生物濾過槽１０の水面が低
下するが、隔壁４０に開孔部４２を設けたことによっ
て、被処理汚水の旋回流を維持することができる。ま
た、被処理汚水の旋回流を維持することで、第１担体充
填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間における粒状担体
の円滑な移動が維持されることとなる。Therefore, when the circulating water is transferred to the contaminant removal tank 1 during normal operation, the level of the water in the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 is lowered. Swirl flow can be maintained. In addition, by maintaining the swirling flow of the wastewater to be treated, the smooth movement of the granular carrier between the first carrier filling unit 21 and the second carrier filling unit 22 is maintained.
【００３０】また、被処理汚水の旋回流に伴って第１担
体充填部２１の粒状担体Ｃ１は上向流を受け、第２担体
充填部２２の粒状担体Ｃ２は下向流を受ける。これによ
り、第２担体充填部２２の粒状担体Ｃ２は、隔壁４０の
下方に形成された連通口１１を介して第１担体充填部２
１内へ移動し、図５に示すように、第１担体充填部２１
に高さＬ１まで粒状担体が充填された状態へと移行す
る。これにより、第１担体充填部２１側の粒状担体Ｃ１
の量が初期充填時よりも増加する。Further, the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier filling unit 21 receives an upward flow and the granular carrier C2 of the second carrier filling unit 22 receives a downward flow with the swirling flow of the sewage to be treated. As a result, the granular carrier C2 of the second carrier filling unit 22 is connected to the first carrier filling unit 2 via the communication port 11 formed below the partition 40.
1 and, as shown in FIG.
To a state in which the granular carrier is filled up to the height L1. Thereby, the granular carrier C1 on the first carrier filling portion 21 side is formed.
Is increased than at the time of initial filling.
【００３１】このような通常運転では、第１担体充填部
２１の粒状担体Ｃ１に着床させた好気性微生物によって
処理水Ａ中の有機汚濁物質が好気性処理され、第１担体
充填部２１において汚泥等が発生する。そして、この汚
泥等は、被処理汚水の上向流によって第２担体充填部２
２へ流れ込み、第２担体充填部２２の上部の空間に徐々
に堆積していく。而して、粒状担体Ｃ２の濾過作用によ
って第２担体充填部２２に堆積層Ｓが形成される。In such a normal operation, the organic pollutants in the treated water A are subjected to aerobic treatment by the aerobic microorganisms that have been implanted on the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier filling section 21. Sludge is generated. Then, the sludge or the like is caused to flow into the second carrier filling unit 2 by the upward flow of the wastewater to be treated.
2 and gradually accumulates in the space above the second carrier filling section 22. Thus, the deposited layer S is formed in the second carrier filling portion 22 by the filtering action of the granular carrier C2.
【００３２】通常運転が終了すると、次に逆洗運転を行
う。この逆洗運転では、第２散気装置３２を運転するこ
とで、図６に示すように第２担体充填部２２へエアーを
供給する。これにより、第２担体充填部２２の被処理汚
水はエアーの上向流を受け、被処理汚水の移動が開始さ
れる。そして、第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２
２との間で、隔壁４０を中心とした図６中の反時計回り
（左回り）の旋回流が形成される。すなわち、第１担体
充填部２１には被処理汚水の下向流が形成され、第２担
体充填部２２には被処理汚水の上向流が形成される。When the normal operation is completed, a backwash operation is performed next. In this backwashing operation, by operating the second air diffuser 32, air is supplied to the second carrier filling unit 22 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the sewage to be treated in the second carrier filling unit 22 receives the upward flow of air, and the movement of the sewage to be treated is started. Then, the first carrier filling section 21 and the second carrier filling section 2
6, a counterclockwise (counterclockwise) swirling flow centering on the partition wall 40 is formed. That is, a downward flow of the sewage to be treated is formed in the first carrier filling unit 21, and an upward flow of the sewage to be treated is formed in the second carrier filling unit 22.
【００３３】また、この際第１担体充填部２１の粒状担
体Ｃ１は、隔壁４０の下方に形成された連通口１１を介
して第２担体充填部２２内へ移動しながら第２担体充填
部２２内で流動化する。そして、第１担体充填部２１の
粒状担体Ｃ１は、図６に示すように第２担体充填部２２
内に粒状担体がほぼ満たされた状態になるまで第２担体
充填部２２側へ移動する。この逆洗運転の間、第２担体
充填部２２における粒状担体の流動化によって、粒状担
体に捕捉された汚泥等が剥離し、堆積層Ｓやその他の汚
泥等を含む逆洗水は、槽本体１２から循環径路１５を通
じて夾雑物除去槽１へ抜き出される。At this time, the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier filling portion 21 is moved into the second carrier filling portion 22 through the communication port 11 formed below the partition wall 40, while moving into the second carrier filling portion 22. Fluidize within. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the granular carrier C1 of the first carrier
It moves to the second carrier filling portion 22 side until the inside of the inside is almost filled with the granular carrier. During the backwashing operation, the fluidization of the granular carrier in the second carrier filling section 22 causes the sludge and the like trapped in the granular carrier to separate, and the backwash water containing the sedimentary layer S and other sludge is removed from the tank body. From 12, it is extracted to the impurity removing tank 1 through the circulation path 15.
【００３４】この逆洗運転において、図７に示すよう
に、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａよりも被処理汚水の水面が高
い場合（水位線Ｈ.Ｗ.Ｌ.）は、通常運転時と同様に、
第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填部２２との間で被処
理汚水の旋回流が形成される。一方、図８に示すよう
に、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａよりも被処理汚水の水面が低
い場合（水位線Ｌ.Ｗ.Ｌ.）は、通常運転時と同様に、
開孔部４２によって第１担体充填部２１と第２担体充填
部２２との間で被処理汚水の旋回流が維持される。逆洗
運転では、夾雑物除去槽１へ逆洗水を移送するにつれて
担体流動生物濾過槽１０の水面が低下していく。そし
て、被処理汚水の水面が仕切部４１よりも低くなるまで
旋回流が維持され、被処理汚水の水面が仕切部４１より
も低くなると逆洗が終了する。従って、開孔部４２を設
けない場合に比して旋回流が維持される時間を延ばすこ
とができ、逆洗時間を延ばすことで粒状担体を効率よく
逆洗することができる。なお、この逆洗運転では、通常
運転時よりも多量のエアーが供給されることが好まし
い。これにより、粒状担体をより激しく流動させること
ができ、粒状担体に捕捉された汚泥等をより剥離させ易
い。逆洗運転が終了すると、必要に応じて再度通常運転
を再開する。In this backwashing operation, as shown in FIG. 7, when the water surface of the sewage to be treated is higher than the top 40a of the partition wall 40 (water level line HWL), as in the normal operation,
A swirling flow of the wastewater to be treated is formed between the first carrier filling section 21 and the second carrier filling section 22. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, when the water surface of the sewage to be treated is lower than the top 40a of the partition wall 40 (water level line LWL), as in the normal operation,
The swirling flow of the wastewater to be treated is maintained between the first carrier filling unit 21 and the second carrier filling unit 22 by the opening 42. In the backwash operation, as the backwash water is transferred to the contaminant removal tank 1, the water level of the carrier flowing biological filtration tank 10 decreases. Then, the swirling flow is maintained until the water level of the sewage to be treated becomes lower than the partition 41, and the backwashing is completed when the water level of the sewage to be treated becomes lower than the partition 41. Therefore, the time during which the swirling flow is maintained can be extended as compared with the case where the opening 42 is not provided, and the granular carrier can be efficiently backwashed by extending the backwashing time. In this backwashing operation, it is preferable that a larger amount of air be supplied than in the normal operation. Accordingly, the granular carrier can be made to flow more violently, and the sludge and the like captured by the granular carrier can be more easily separated. When the backwash operation is completed, the normal operation is restarted again as needed.
【００３５】以上のように構成した担体流動生物濾過槽
１０および該担体流動生物濾過槽１０を用いた処理方法
によれば、通常運転時に被処理汚水の水面が隔壁４０の
頂部４０ａより低下した場合でも、開孔部４２を介して
第１担体充填部２１（好気処理領域）と第２担体充填部
２２（濾過領域）との間で被処理汚水の循環を維持する
ことができる。これにより、また、第１担体充填部２１
（好気処理領域）と第２担体充填部２２（濾過領域）と
の間における粒状担体の円滑な移動が維持されることと
なる。また、隔壁４０に開孔部４２を設けたため、第１
担体充填部２１（好気処理領域）と第２担体充填部２２
（濾過領域）との間で被処理汚水を移動させる構成が簡
単である。また、逆洗運転時では、開孔部を設けない場
合に比して被処理汚水の循環を維持する時間を延ばし、
第２担体充填部２２（濾過領域）の担体を効率よく逆洗
することができる。According to the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 and the treatment method using the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10 configured as described above, the water level of the sewage to be treated falls below the top 40a of the partition wall 40 during normal operation. However, the circulation of the sewage to be treated can be maintained between the first carrier filling section 21 (aerobic treatment area) and the second carrier filling section 22 (filtration area) via the opening 42. Thereby, the first carrier filling section 21
The smooth movement of the granular carrier between the (aerobic treatment region) and the second carrier filling portion 22 (filtration region) is maintained. In addition, since the opening 42 is provided in the partition wall 40, the first
Carrier filling section 21 (aerobic treatment area) and second carrier filling section 22
The structure for moving the sewage to be treated between (filtration area) is simple. In addition, at the time of the backwashing operation, the time for maintaining the circulation of the wastewater to be treated is extended as compared with the case where the opening is not provided,
The carrier in the second carrier filling section 22 (filtration region) can be efficiently backwashed.
【００３６】なお、本発明は上記の実施の形態のみに限
定されるものではなく、種々の応用や変形が考えられ
る。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to only the above-described embodiment, and various applications and modifications are conceivable.
【００３７】上記実施の形態では、隔壁４０に開孔部４
２を設ける場合について記載したが、同様の開孔部もし
くは同様の機能を有する部材を隔壁４０以外に設けるこ
ともできる。例えば、担体流動生物濾過槽１０の外部に
第１担体充填部２１（好気処理領域）と第２担体充填部
２２（濾過領域）を連通する径路を設け、この径路内に
スリット４２ｂや格子４３ｂを配置することもできる。In the above embodiment, the opening 4 is formed in the partition 40.
Although the case where 2 is provided has been described, a similar opening or a member having a similar function may be provided other than the partition 40. For example, a path connecting the first carrier filling section 21 (aerobic treatment area) and the second carrier filling section 22 (filtration area) is provided outside the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10, and a slit 42b and a grid 43b are provided in this path. Can also be arranged.
【００３８】また、上記実施の形態では、散気装置によ
って第１担体充填部２１（好気処理領域）へエアーを供
給することで、第１担体充填部２１（好気処理領域）と
第２担体充填部２２（濾過領域）との間で被処理汚水が
循環される場合について記載したが、被処理汚水を循環
させる手段はこれに限定されず必要に応じて種々変更可
能である。例えば、槽本体１２に循環ラインを設け、ポ
ンプ等によって槽本体１２内の被処理汚水を循環するよ
うに構成することもできる。In the above embodiment, the air is supplied to the first carrier filling section 21 (aerobic processing area) by the air diffuser, so that the first carrier filling section 21 (aerobic processing area) and the second carrier filling section 21 (aerobic processing area) are connected. Although the case where the sewage to be treated is circulated with the carrier filling section 22 (filtration area) has been described, the means for circulating the sewage to be treated is not limited to this, and can be variously changed as necessary. For example, it is also possible to provide a circulation line in the tank body 12 and circulate the wastewater to be treated in the tank body 12 by a pump or the like.
【００３９】また、上記実施の形態では、担体流動生物
濾過槽１０内の被処理水の水面が隔壁４０の頂部４０ａ
よりも上側にある場合でも被処理水が開孔部４２を通過
する場合について記載したが、被処理水の水面が隔壁４
０の頂部４０ａより低下した場合にのみ、第１担体充填
部２１（好気処理領域）と第２担体充填部２２（濾過領
域）を連通するように構成することもできる。Further, in the above embodiment, the surface of the water to be treated in the carrier flowing biological filtration tank 10 is
Although the description has been given of the case where the water to be treated passes through the opening 42 even when the water is
The first carrier filling section 21 (aerobic treatment area) and the second carrier filling section 22 (filtration area) can be configured to communicate only when the temperature is lower than the top 40a of zero.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
微生物を着床させた担体が充填された処理槽を有する汚
水の処理装置において、被処理汚水の水面が変動した場
合でも被処理汚水の循環を極力維持することで好適な処
理を行う合理的な汚水処理技術を実現することができ
る。As described above, according to the present invention,
In a sewage treatment apparatus having a treatment tank filled with a carrier on which microorganisms have been implanted, even if the surface of the sewage to be treated fluctuates, a reasonable treatment is performed by maintaining the circulation of the sewage as much as possible. Sewage treatment technology can be realized.
【図１】汚水の処理行程の概要を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a wastewater treatment process.
【図２】担体流動生物濾過槽１０の模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10.
【図３】図２中の開孔部の構成を示す平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of an opening in FIG. 2;
【図４】別の実施の形態の開孔部の構成を示す平面図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating a configuration of an aperture according to another embodiment.
【図５】担体流動生物濾過槽１０の模式図であって、通
常運転時の状態を示すものである。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10, showing a state during normal operation.
【図６】担体流動生物濾過槽１０の模式図であって、逆
洗運転時の状態を示すものである。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the carrier-flowing biological filtration tank 10, showing a state during a backwash operation.
【図７】担体流動生物濾過槽１０の部分拡大図であっ
て、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａよりも水面が高い場合の被処
理汚水の移動状態を示すものである。FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10, showing a state of movement of the sewage to be treated when the water surface is higher than the top 40a of the partition wall 40.
【図８】担体流動生物濾過槽１０の部分拡大図であっ
て、隔壁４０の頂部４０ａよりも水面が低い場合の被処
理汚水の移動状態を示すものである。FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank 10, showing a state of movement of the sewage to be treated when the water surface is lower than the top 40a of the partition wall 40.
１０…担体流動生物濾過槽（処理槽） １１…連通口（連通部） １２…槽本体 １８…上部多孔部材 １９…下部多孔部材 ２０…担体充填領域 ２１…第１担体充填部 ２２…第２担体充填部 ３１…第１散気装置 ３２…第２散気装置 ４０…隔壁（区画部材） ４０ａ…頂部 ４１…仕切部 ４２，４３…開孔部 ４２ａ，４３ａ…枠体 ４２ｂ…スリット ４３ｂ…格子 Ｃ，Ｃ１，Ｃ２…粒状担体 Ｓ…堆積層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Carrier flow biological filtration tank (processing tank) 11 ... Communication port (communication part) 12 ... Tank body 18 ... Upper porous member 19 ... Lower porous member 20 ... Carrier filling area 21 ... First carrier filling part 22 ... Second carrier Filling part 31 First diffuser 32 Second diffuser 40 Partition wall (partition member) 40a Top 41 Partition 42, 43 Opening 42a, 43a Frame 42b Slit 43b Grid C , C1, C2 ... granular carrier S ... deposited layer
Claims (8)
理槽と、該処理槽へエアーを供給する散気装置と、前記
処理槽内を複数の領域に区画する区画部材とを有し、前
記散気装置のエアー流によって被処理汚水が前記区画部
材を越えて前記領域間を循環するように構成された汚水
の処理装置であって、 前記区画部材の頂部よりも水面が低下した被処理汚水
を、前記領域間において移動させる被処理汚水移動手段
が設けられていることを特徴とする汚水の処理装置。1. A processing tank filled with a carrier on which microorganisms have been implanted, a diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank, and a partition member for partitioning the processing tank into a plurality of regions. A sewage treatment apparatus configured so that sewage to be treated circulates between the regions over the partition member by an air flow of the air diffuser, wherein the water level is lower than the top of the partition member. A sewage treatment apparatus, comprising: a treated sewage moving means for moving treated sewage between the regions.
って、 前記被処理汚水移動手段は、前記区画部材において該部
材の頂部よりも下方に形成された開孔部であって、該開
孔部は被処理汚水の通過を許容し且つ前記担体の通過を
阻止するように構成されていることを特徴とする汚水の
処理装置。2. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sewage moving means to be treated is an opening formed in the partition member below a top of the member. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening is configured to allow passage of the sewage to be treated and prevent passage of the carrier.
孔部材と下部多孔部材との間の空間部に充填された処理
槽と、該処理槽へエアーを供給する散気装置と、前記好
気性微生物による好気性処理を行う好気処理領域と、被
濾過物を濾過する濾過領域と、前記空間部を前記好気処
理領域と前記濾過領域とに区画する隔壁と、前記好気処
理領域と前記濾過領域を連通する連通部とを有し、 前記散気装置のエアー流によって被処理汚水が前記隔壁
を越えて前記好気処理領域と前記濾過領域との間で循環
するように構成された汚水の処理装置であって、 前記隔壁において該隔壁の頂部よりも下方には、被処理
汚水の通過を許容し且つ前記担体の通過を阻止する開孔
部が設けられ、前記頂部よりも水面が低下した被処理汚
水が、前記開孔部を介して前記好気処理領域と前記濾過
領域との間で移動するように構成されていることを特徴
とする汚水の処理装置。3. A processing tank in which a carrier having an aerobic microorganism implanted therein is filled in a space between an upper porous member and a lower porous member; an air diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank; An aerobic treatment region for performing aerobic treatment with aerobic microorganisms, a filtration region for filtering an object to be filtered, a partition for partitioning the space into the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region, and the aerobic treatment region And a communication portion that communicates with the filtration region, wherein the sewage to be treated is circulated between the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region beyond the partition by the air flow of the air diffuser. An effluent treatment device, wherein an opening is provided in the partition below the top of the partition to allow passage of the sewage to be treated and prevent passage of the carrier, and a water surface is provided above the top. The treated sewage, which has been reduced, Sewage treatment apparatus characterized by being configured to move between the filter region and the aerobic treatment region.
の処理装置であって、 前記処理槽の流出口は、該処理槽で処理された処理水を
装置下流設備側へ送る抜出径路と、前記処理水を装置上
流設備へ送る循環径路とに連絡されていることを特徴と
する汚水の処理装置。4. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the treatment tank is configured to send treated water treated in the treatment tank to a downstream equipment side of the apparatus. A sewage treatment apparatus, wherein the sewage treatment apparatus is connected to a path and a circulation path for sending the treated water to upstream equipment.
理槽と、該処理槽へエアーを供給する散気装置と、前記
処理槽内を複数の領域に区画する区画部材と、該区画部
材の頂部よりも水面が低下した被処理汚水を前記領域間
において移動させる被処理汚水移動手段とを設け、 第１の処理行程において、前記散気装置から前記生物処
理領域へエアーを供給し、前記被処理汚水移動手段を用
いて被処理汚水を前記領域間で循環させ、前記微生物に
よって被処理汚水を生物処理し、前記担体によって被濾
過物を濾過することを特徴とする汚水の処理方法。5. A processing tank filled with a carrier on which microorganisms have been implanted, an air diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank, a partition member for partitioning the processing tank into a plurality of regions, And a treated sewage moving means for moving the treated sewage having a lower water level than the top of the member between the regions, and in a first treatment step, supplying air from the air diffuser to the biological treatment region, A method for treating sewage, comprising: circulating treated sewage between the regions using the treated sewage moving means, biologically treating the treated sewage by the microorganisms, and filtering the substance to be filtered by the carrier.
って、 前記被処理汚水移動手段として、前記区画部材において
該部材の頂部よりも下方に、被処理汚水の通過を許容し
且つ前記担体の通過を阻止する開孔部を設け、前記第１
の処理行程において、前記開孔部を介して被処理汚水を
前記領域間で循環させることを特徴とする汚水の処理方
法。6. The method for treating sewage according to claim 5, wherein the sewage moving means for treatment allows the sewage to be treated to pass below the top of the member in the partition member and An opening for blocking passage of the carrier;
Wherein the sewage to be treated is circulated between the regions through the opening in the treatment step.
孔部材と下部多孔部材との間の空間部に充填された処理
槽と、該処理槽へエアーを供給する散気装置と、好気性
処理を行う好気処理領域と、濾過を行う濾過領域と、前
記空間部を前記好気処理領域と前記濾過領域とに区画す
る隔壁と、前記好気処理領域と前記濾過領域を連通する
連通部と、前記隔壁において該隔壁の頂部よりも下方に
形成され被処理汚水の通過を許容し且つ前記担体の通過
を阻止する開孔部とを設け、 第１の処理行程において、前記散気装置から前記好気処
理領域へエアーを供給し、前記隔壁の頂部よりも水面が
低下した被処理汚水を、前記開孔部を介して前記好気処
理領域と前記濾過領域との間で循環させ、前記好気処理
領域の好気性微生物によって被処理汚水を好気性処理
し、前記濾過領域の担体によって被濾過物を濾過するこ
とを特徴とする汚水の処理方法。7. A processing tank in which a carrier having an aerobic microorganism implanted therein is filled in a space between an upper porous member and a lower porous member, and an air diffuser for supplying air to the processing tank. An aerobic treatment region for performing aerobic treatment, a filtration region for performing filtration, a partition for partitioning the space into the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region, and a communication for communicating the aerobic treatment region and the filtration region. And an opening formed in the partition below the top of the partition to allow passage of the sewage to be treated and prevent passage of the carrier, wherein in the first treatment step, the air diffuser is provided. From the supply of air to the aerobic treatment area, the sewage to be treated, the water level of which is lower than the top of the partition wall, is circulated between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area through the opening, The sewage to be treated is favored by the aerobic Method of processing sewage, characterized in that sexually processing, filtering the object filtrate by a carrier of the filtering region.
って、 第２の処理行程において、前記散気装置から前記濾過領
域へエアーを供給し、前記隔壁の頂部よりも水面が低下
した被処理汚水を、前記開孔部を介して前記好気処理領
域と前記濾過領域との間で循環させ、前記濾過領域の担
体を流動させ、前記被濾過物を前記担体から剥離させ、
該被濾過物を前記処理槽から抜き出すことを特徴とする
汚水の処理方法。8. The method for treating sewage according to claim 7, wherein in the second treatment step, air is supplied from the air diffuser to the filtration area, and the water level is lower than the top of the partition wall. The sewage to be treated is circulated between the aerobic treatment area and the filtration area through the opening, causing the carrier in the filtration area to flow, and the object to be filtered is separated from the carrier,
A method for treating wastewater, comprising extracting the material to be filtered from the treatment tank.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000338040A JP4573991B2 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Sewage treatment apparatus and treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000338040A JP4573991B2 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Sewage treatment apparatus and treatment method |
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| JP2002136984A true JP2002136984A (en) | 2002-05-14 |
| JP4573991B2 JP4573991B2 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
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ID=18813321
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000338040A Expired - Fee Related JP4573991B2 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Sewage treatment apparatus and treatment method |
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| CN108569780A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of cutting bio-contact oxidation reinforcing of bubble is pumped up water aeration water correction device |
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