JP2001263634A - Method for operating circulation fluidized incinerator, and separate particle size control device for fluid medium used for the same - Google Patents
Method for operating circulation fluidized incinerator, and separate particle size control device for fluid medium used for the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001263634A JP2001263634A JP2000079732A JP2000079732A JP2001263634A JP 2001263634 A JP2001263634 A JP 2001263634A JP 2000079732 A JP2000079732 A JP 2000079732A JP 2000079732 A JP2000079732 A JP 2000079732A JP 2001263634 A JP2001263634 A JP 2001263634A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- amount
- particle size
- fluidized
- fluid medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、廃棄物の焼却処理
等に用いられる循環流動焼却炉の運転方法及びこれに用
いられる循環流動媒体分離粒径調整装置に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of operating a circulating fluidized incinerator used for incineration of waste and the like, and a circulating fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device used for the method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】循環流動焼却炉は、炉本体に充填された
ケイ砂、アルミナ等からなる流動媒体を流動空気により
流動させ、燃焼ガスに同伴されて炉本体から排出された
流動媒体をサイクロンで回収して炉本体下部へ循環させ
ながら廃棄物の焼却等を行う炉である。含水率や発熱量
等の異なる幅広い廃棄物を安定して焼却できるため、下
水汚泥等の廃棄物の焼却処理に用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art In a circulating fluidized incinerator, a fluid medium made of silica sand, alumina or the like filled in a furnace body is caused to flow by flowing air, and a fluid medium discharged from the furnace body accompanied by a combustion gas by a cyclone. A furnace that incinerates waste while collecting and circulating it to the lower part of the furnace body. It can be used for incineration of waste such as sewage sludge because it can stably incinerate a wide range of wastes with different moisture content and calorific value.
【０００３】この循環流動焼却炉を安定して運転するた
めには、炉内を循環する流動媒体の量と粒径とを適正範
囲に保つことが必要である。媒体量が減少し過ぎると、
炉内下部の濃厚層と呼ばれる粒子溜まりの部分における
廃棄物攪拌効果が低下して燃焼不良を招き、排ガス中に
含まれる一酸化炭素等の未燃ガスが増加する。逆に媒体
量が増加し過ぎた場合、流動空気の供給圧を増加させね
ばならず、ブロワの負荷が過大となるうえ、濃厚層の空
気抵抗が大きくなって流動空気流量が変動し、炉の不安
定化を招く。また流動媒体の粒径が大きくなると流動状
態が悪くなり、未燃ガスが増加したりクリンカが発生す
る等のトラブルを引き起こす。[0003] In order to operate this circulating fluidized incinerator stably, it is necessary to keep the amount and particle size of the fluidized medium circulating in the furnace in an appropriate range. If the media volume decreases too much,
In the lower part of the furnace, the waste agitating effect in the portion of the particle pool called the dense layer decreases, causing poor combustion, and the unburned gas such as carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas increases. Conversely, if the amount of medium increases excessively, the supply pressure of the flowing air must be increased, the load on the blower becomes excessive, and the air resistance of the dense layer increases, and the flow rate of the flowing air fluctuates. It causes instability. In addition, when the particle size of the fluid medium is large, the fluidity is deteriorated, causing troubles such as an increase in unburned gas and generation of clinker.
【０００４】一般に、流動媒体は８５０℃前後の高温で
激しく流動し、媒体粒子間の衝突および炉壁、サイクロ
ン内壁等との衝突により次第に消耗し、サイクロンの分
離粒径以下になると燃焼ガスとともに炉外に排出されて
しまう。このために減少分の流動媒体を定期的に補給し
ながら運転を行うのが一般的な姿である。しかし廃棄物
の種類によっては運転中に媒体量が増加する場合があ
る。In general, a fluid medium flows violently at a high temperature of about 850 ° C., and is gradually consumed by collision between medium particles and collision with a furnace wall, an inner wall of a cyclone, and the like. It is discharged outside. For this reason, it is common practice to operate while periodically replenishing a reduced amount of fluid medium. However, depending on the type of waste, the amount of medium may increase during operation.
【０００５】例えば、廃棄物中に砂質の無機物が含まれ
る場合には、焼却後にこれが炉内に留まり、流動媒体の
量が増加することがある。また、廃棄物中にＮａ，Ｋ，
Ｐ等が多く含まれている場合には、炉内で低融点化合物
を形成し、これがバインダとなって焼却灰が流動媒体の
周囲に付着し、粒径が肥大する。そしてこれが破壊され
て二次粒子を生成し、媒体量を増加させる。更に石灰系
凝集剤を用いた下水汚泥のように燃焼後の灰が粒子状に
なり、炉内に残留するため媒体量を増加させる場合もあ
る。[0005] For example, when sandy inorganic substances are contained in the waste, they may remain in the furnace after incineration, and the amount of the fluidized medium may increase. In addition, Na, K,
When a large amount of P or the like is contained, a low melting point compound is formed in the furnace, which serves as a binder, incinerated ash adheres around the fluidized medium, and the particle size increases. This is broken and secondary particles are generated, increasing the amount of the medium. Further, as in the case of sewage sludge using a lime-based flocculant, the ash after combustion becomes particulate and remains in the furnace, which may increase the amount of medium.
【０００６】このように流動媒体が減少する場合には、
補充する流動媒体の量を極力少なくしてランニングコス
トを抑える必要がある。また、流動媒体が増加する場合
にも、炉下部から排出した媒体を廃棄物として処分する
必要があるため、この排出量を低減することが必要であ
る。また、媒体量の増加と共に粒子径の肥大を防ぐこと
も焼却炉を安定運転するために必要となる。そして流動
媒体の補充量、排出量、粒子径肥大を抑えることのでき
る循環流動焼却炉の運転方法が求められていた。[0006] When the flow medium decreases,
It is necessary to minimize running fluid costs by minimizing the amount of fluid medium to be replenished. Further, even when the amount of the flowing medium increases, the medium discharged from the lower part of the furnace needs to be disposed of as waste, so that it is necessary to reduce the discharge amount. In addition, it is necessary to prevent the particle diameter from increasing along with the increase in the amount of the medium in order to stably operate the incinerator. There has been a demand for a method of operating a circulating fluidized incinerator capable of suppressing the replenishment amount, discharge amount, and particle diameter enlargement of a fluid medium.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記の課題に
対し、流動媒体が減少傾向にあるときには補充量が少な
くなるよう制御し、また運転中に媒体量が増加する場合
にも、媒体排出コンベヤから媒体の一部を抜き出すに至
る前に炉の安定性を阻害することなく媒体量を一定に制
御もしくは排出量を極力低減することができる循環流動
焼却炉の運転方法及びこれに用いられる流動媒体分離粒
径調整装置を提供するためになされたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, the replenishing amount is controlled to be small when the flowing medium is decreasing, and the medium is discharged even when the medium amount increases during operation. A method of operating a circulating fluidized incinerator capable of controlling the amount of medium or reducing the amount of discharge as much as possible without impairing the stability of the furnace before extracting a part of the medium from the conveyor, and the flow used for the method. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a media separation particle size adjusting device.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明の循環流動焼却炉の運転方法は、流
動空気圧力の変化により循環流動焼却炉内の流動媒体の
増減傾向を検出し、媒体量が減少傾向にあるときには燃
焼温度を高くして媒体量の減少を抑制し、媒体量が増加
傾向にあるときにはサイクロンの下方に設置された流動
媒体分離粒径調整装置により分離粒径を大きくして炉本
体における媒体への付着の原因となる焼却灰を炉内に返
送しないように制御する。なお、流動媒体が増加傾向に
あるときには燃焼温度を低下させることにより媒体への
焼却灰付着を抑制して媒体量の増加を低減させ、更に増
加傾向にあるときには炉本体に充填している媒体の量を
下限値まで低くすることで濃厚層と呼ばれる炉本体下部
の粒子溜まり部分の温度を低減し、流動砂の増加を抑制
させる工程を付加することができる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of operating a circulating fluidized incinerator according to the present invention detects a tendency of increase and decrease of a fluid medium in a circulating fluidized incinerator by a change in flowing air pressure. When the amount of the medium is decreasing, the combustion temperature is increased to suppress the decrease in the amount of the medium. When the amount of the medium is increasing, the separation diameter of the fluidized medium is controlled by the fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device installed below the cyclone. Is controlled so that incineration ash that causes adhesion to the medium in the furnace body is not returned into the furnace. When the flow medium is increasing, the combustion temperature is reduced to suppress the incineration ash from adhering to the medium to reduce the increase in the amount of the medium. By lowering the amount to the lower limit, it is possible to add a step of reducing the temperature of the particle accumulation portion in the lower part of the furnace main body called a dense layer and suppressing the increase of fluidized sand.
【０００９】またこの循環流動焼却炉の運転方法に用い
られる流動媒体分離粒径調整装置は、燃焼ガスとともに
流動焼却炉から排出された流動媒体および焼却灰を固気
分離するサイクロンの下方に、サイクロンにより分離さ
れた流動媒体および分離径よりも大きな焼却灰の内、流
動媒体への付着の原因となる焼却灰および粒径の小さな
流動媒体を吹き上げてガス側に移行させる空気供給管を
設けたことを特徴とするものである。なお、空気供給管
がサイクロンと同じ回転方向に空気を供給するように接
線方向に設けられたものであることが、細かな粒子を選
択的に吹き上げることが可能であり好ましい。The fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting apparatus used in the method of operating the circulating fluidized incinerator is provided with a cyclone below the cyclone for solid-gas separation of the fluidized medium and the incinerated ash discharged from the fluidized incinerator together with the combustion gas. The air supply pipe that blows up the incinerated ash that causes adhesion to the flowing medium and the small-diameter flowing medium out of the flowing medium separated from the incinerated ash larger than the separation diameter and transfers the gas to the gas side is provided. It is characterized by the following. Preferably, the air supply pipe is provided in a tangential direction so as to supply air in the same rotational direction as the cyclone, since fine particles can be selectively blown up.
【００１０】本発明によれば、流動媒体の増減傾向に応
じてサイクロンにより分離される流動媒体および焼却灰
の粒径を調整することによって炉内に返送される焼却灰
および微粒状の媒体量を変化させ、炉本体での流動媒体
への焼却灰付着量を調整することにより、炉内での流動
媒体消耗と焼却灰付着による増加とのバランスを保って
常に炉内の媒体量を安定化させることができる。According to the present invention, by adjusting the particle size of the fluidized medium and the incinerated ash separated by the cyclone in accordance with the increasing and decreasing tendency of the fluidized medium, the amount of the incinerated ash and the fine particulate medium returned to the furnace can be reduced. By changing and adjusting the amount of incinerated ash attached to the fluidized medium in the furnace body, the amount of fluidized medium in the furnace and the increase due to incinerated ash are always balanced to stabilize the amount of medium in the furnace. be able to.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に図面を参照しつつ、本発明
の好ましい実施形態を説明する。図１において、１は循
環流動焼却炉の炉本体、２は流動空気供給管、３は廃棄
物投入機である。流動媒体（最適値は平均粒子径２００
〜５００μｍ）は流動空気供給管２の流動空気により炉
内で流動され、投入された廃棄物を激しく攪拌しつつ８
００〜９００℃で燃焼させる。燃焼ガスは流動媒体およ
び焼却灰とともにサイクロン４に送られて固気分離さ
れ、燃焼ガスおよびサイクロンにおいて分離できない粒
子径となった微粒状焼却灰および流動媒体は流動空気加
熱用の熱交換器５を経由して後段の排ガス処理装置へ送
られる。一方、分離された流動媒体および分離粒子径以
上の比較的大きな焼却灰はダウンカマー６内を落下して
マテリアルシール部に達し、ニューマチックバルブ７に
より吹き上げられて炉本体１の下部に返送されている。
なお８は炉下部に設けられた流動媒体排出コンベヤ、９
は流動媒体供給機、１０は炉本体１の上部の温度検出
器、１１は流動ブロワである。更にサイクロン４の下方
には流動媒体分離粒径調整装置１２が設置されている
が、その構造に付いては後述する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a furnace body of a circulating fluidized incinerator, 2 is a fluidized air supply pipe, and 3 is a waste charging machine. Fluid medium (optimum value is average particle size 200
５００500 μm) is flowed in the furnace by the flowing air of the flowing air supply pipe 2, while vigorously agitating the input waste.
Burn at 00-900 ° C. The combustion gas is sent to the cyclone 4 together with the fluidized medium and the incineration ash, and is separated into solid and gas. It is sent to an exhaust gas treatment device at the subsequent stage. On the other hand, the separated fluid medium and the relatively large incineration ash having a diameter equal to or larger than the separated particle diameter fall in the downcomer 6 to reach the material seal portion, and are blown up by the pneumatic valve 7 and returned to the lower portion of the furnace body 1. I have.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a fluid medium discharge conveyor provided at the lower part of the furnace, 9
Denotes a fluid medium feeder, 10 denotes a temperature detector on the upper part of the furnace main body 1, and 11 denotes a fluid blower. Further, below the cyclone 4, a fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device 12 is provided, and its structure will be described later.
【００１２】本発明では、流動空気供給管２に設けられ
た圧力計によって流動層のヘッドを求め、流動空気圧力
が増加傾向にあるか減少傾向にあるかによって媒体量の
増減傾向を検出する。そして図２のフローに示すよう
に、流動空気圧力が減少傾向すなわち媒体量が減少傾向
にあるときには、燃焼温度を高くする。これにより流動
媒体の周囲に焼却灰が付着し易くなるため、媒体の減少
を防止または減少量を低減させることができる。しかし
燃焼温度の増加は燃料消費量や窒素酸化物の発生量を増
加させるため上限温度があり、通常は９００℃程度に設
定されるが、この上限温度まで昇温してもなお媒体量の
減少傾向が続く場合には、流動空気圧力つまり流動媒体
量が下限値未満とならないように流動媒体供給機９から
流動媒体を流動空気圧力最適値付近まで補充する。この
ような媒体量の減少は一般的に起こるものであり特に重
要な問題ではないが、直ちに流動媒体を補充せずに燃焼
温度による制御を先行させて補充の量を低減させる点に
本発明のひとつの特徴がある。In the present invention, the head of the fluidized bed is obtained by a pressure gauge provided in the flowing air supply pipe 2, and the increasing or decreasing tendency of the medium amount is detected based on whether the flowing air pressure is increasing or decreasing. Then, as shown in the flow of FIG. 2, when the flowing air pressure is decreasing, that is, the medium amount is decreasing, the combustion temperature is increased. This makes it easier for the incinerated ash to adhere to the periphery of the fluidized medium, so that a decrease in the medium can be prevented or the amount of decrease can be reduced. However, an increase in combustion temperature has an upper limit temperature in order to increase the amount of fuel consumption and generation of nitrogen oxides, and is usually set to about 900 ° C. When the tendency continues, the flowing medium is replenished from the flowing medium feeder 9 to near the flowing air pressure optimum value so that the flowing air pressure, that is, the amount of the flowing medium does not become lower than the lower limit value. Such a decrease in the amount of medium is a general phenomenon and is not particularly important. However, the present invention is directed to reducing the amount of replenishment by immediately preceding the control by the combustion temperature without replenishing the fluid medium. There is one feature.
【００１３】次に、流動空気圧力が増加傾向すなわち媒
体量が増加傾向にあるときには、先ずサイクロン４の下
方に設置された流動媒体分離粒径調整装置１２により流
動媒体の分離粒径を大きくする。この流動媒体分離粒径
調整装置１２の構造は、例えば図３に示される通りであ
る。この例では、サイクロン４の下方にサイクロン４と
同じ回転方向に空気を供給できるように接線方向に空気
供給管１３を設けたものである。Next, when the flowing air pressure is increasing, that is, the amount of medium is increasing, first, the separating particle size of the flowing medium is increased by the flowing medium separating particle size adjusting device 12 installed below the cyclone 4. The structure of the fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device 12 is, for example, as shown in FIG. In this example, an air supply pipe 13 is provided tangentially below the cyclone 4 so that air can be supplied in the same rotational direction as the cyclone 4.
【００１４】流動媒体および焼却灰はサイクロン４の内
部で図示のように旋回して壁面に押し付けられながらな
がら壁近傍を落下し、分離粒径よりも小さいものは排ガ
スと共に吸気管１６に吸引され、分離粒径よりも粗いも
のは下方に落下して行く。そこで空気供給管１３から空
気を吹き込むことで、それまでサイクロン４により分離
された流動媒体を吹き上げてガス側に移行させることが
できる。すなわち空気供給管１３から吹き込む空気の量
を調整することで、サイクロンで分離する流動媒体およ
び焼却灰の粒径を調整することができる。このようにし
て、流動媒体分離粒径調整装置１２によりサイクロン４
で分離される流動媒体および焼却灰の分離粒径を換える
ことにより、炉内に返送される焼却灰の量を調整するこ
とができ、流動媒体への焼却灰付着を抑えることで媒体
量増加を低減させることができる。なお、図３の例では
空気供給管１３を備えた流動媒体分離粒径調整装置１２
をサイクロン４の直下に設けたが、このような設備を設
けず、図１中に１４として示される位置に設置されてい
る空気供給管の空気量を調整することでも類似の効果を
得ることができる。The fluidized medium and the incinerated ash fall inside the cyclone 4 while rotating and pressing against the wall as shown in the drawing, and fall below the wall while being smaller than the separated particle size. Those that are coarser than the separation particle size fall downward. Therefore, by blowing air from the air supply pipe 13, the fluid medium separated by the cyclone 4 can be blown up and transferred to the gas side. That is, by adjusting the amount of air blown from the air supply pipe 13, the particle size of the fluidized medium separated by the cyclone and the incinerated ash can be adjusted. In this way, the cyclone 4
The amount of incinerated ash returned to the furnace can be adjusted by changing the separated particle size of the fluidized medium and incinerated ash separated in Can be reduced. In the example of FIG. 3, the fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device 12 having the air supply pipe 13 is provided.
Is provided immediately below the cyclone 4, but a similar effect can be obtained by adjusting the amount of air in the air supply pipe installed at a position shown as 14 in FIG. 1 without providing such a facility. it can.
【００１５】このようにしてもなお媒体量の増加傾向が
収まらない場合には、図２のフローに示すように燃焼温
度を低下させる。燃焼温度を低下させると焼却灰の付着
による媒体粒子の成長が抑制され、粒子間や壁面等との
衝突に伴う消耗が優勢となるので、媒体量は減少傾向と
なる。しかし排ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度等の値から決め
られる下限温度（通常８００℃程度）まで燃焼温度を下
げてもなお媒体量の増加傾向が認められる場合には、止
むなく流動媒体排出コンベヤ８から流動媒体を排出し、
流動空気圧力を下限値に設定する。これにより炉本体下
部の流動媒体充填量が少なくなるため、炉本体下部の濃
厚層において廃棄物の水分蒸発および熱分解により流動
媒体が熱を奪われることによる温度低下量が大きくな
り、焼却炉の制御を行っている炉本体上部の温度は一定
であっても、下部濃厚層の温度だけを低下することがで
きる。これにより炉下部の濃厚層部分における焼却灰の
付着が抑制され、流動媒体の増加を抑えることができ
る。更に流動媒体の増加傾向が続く場合には、最終的な
手段として図１に示す安定化剤投入口１５から、石灰、
珪藻土、白土等の安定化剤を炉内に投入し、Ｎａ、Ｋ、
Ｐ等との高融点化合物を生成または低融点化合物を吸収
して炉外に排出させることが好ましい。なお、これらの
流動媒体量増加を抑制する手段は場合により優先順位を
変える、もしくは一部を省略しても差し支えないが、流
動媒体の排出量を最小限にし、未燃ガス等の発生も極力
抑えるためには前記の順番に対策を行うことがより好ま
しい。If the increasing amount of the medium still does not stop, the combustion temperature is reduced as shown in the flow chart of FIG. When the combustion temperature is lowered, the growth of the medium particles due to the adhesion of the incineration ash is suppressed, and the consumption due to the collision between the particles or the wall surface becomes dominant, so that the amount of the medium tends to decrease. However, if the amount of medium still shows a tendency to increase even if the combustion temperature is lowered to the lower limit temperature (usually about 800 ° C.) determined from the value of the concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas, etc. Drain the fluid medium,
Set the flowing air pressure to the lower limit. As a result, the amount of the fluidized medium filled in the lower part of the furnace body is reduced, so that the temperature of the fluidized medium is deprived of heat by the evaporation and thermal decomposition of waste in the dense layer at the lower part of the furnace body. Even if the temperature of the upper part of the furnace body under control is constant, only the temperature of the lower dense layer can be reduced. Thereby, the incineration ash is prevented from adhering to the thick layer portion at the lower part of the furnace, and the increase in the flow medium can be suppressed. Further, when the increasing tendency of the fluid medium continues, as a last resort, lime,
Stabilizers such as diatomaceous earth and clay are put into the furnace, and Na, K,
It is preferable to generate a high melting point compound with P or the like, or absorb a low melting point compound and discharge it outside the furnace. The means for suppressing the increase in the amount of the fluid medium may be changed in priority in some cases or may be partially omitted. However, the amount of the fluid medium discharged is minimized, and the generation of unburned gas is minimized. In order to suppress this, it is more preferable to take measures in the above order.
【００１６】上記したように、本発明によれば流動焼却
炉の運転中に媒体量が増加した場合にも、媒体排出コン
ベヤから媒体の一部を抜き出すという手段を取る前に、
流動媒体分離粒径調整装置を用いて炉内に返送される焼
却灰量を減少させたり、燃焼温度を変更したり、炉内の
流動媒体量を少なくして下部の粒子溜まり部分を局部的
に低温にすることにより、炉の安定性を阻害することな
く媒体量を一定に制御することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, even if the amount of the medium increases during the operation of the fluidized incinerator, before taking the means for extracting a part of the medium from the medium discharge conveyor,
Reduce the amount of incinerated ash returned to the furnace using the fluidized medium separation particle size adjustment device, change the combustion temperature, and reduce the amount of fluidized medium in the furnace to locally reduce the particle accumulation portion in the lower part. By lowering the temperature, the amount of medium can be controlled to a constant without impairing the stability of the furnace.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】ある下水処理場から発生した下水汚泥を２．
５ｔ／日の循環流動焼却炉で焼却した。その汚泥の性状
として、水分は８０．５％であり、固形分中の可燃分は
８１％、灰分は１９％であった。また灰分の組成は、Ｓ
ｉＯ2 ：４０．８％、Ａｌ2 Ｏ 3 ：１７．２％、Ｆｅ
2Ｏ3 ：３．２％、ＣａＯ：３．２％、ＭｇＯ：２．９
％、Ｎａ2 Ｏ3 ：１．８％、Ｋ2 Ｏ4 ：２．８％、Ｐ2
Ｏ5 ：２４．６％であった。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 1. Sewage sludge generated from a certain sewage treatment plant
It was incinerated in a circulating fluidized incinerator at 5 t / day. As the properties of the sludge, the water content was 80.5%, the combustible content in the solid content was 81%, and the ash content was 19%. The ash composition is S
iO 2 : 40.8%, Al 2 O 3 : 17.2%, Fe
2 O 3 : 3.2%, CaO: 3.2%, MgO: 2.9
%, Na 2 O 3: 1.8 %, K 2 O 4: 2.8%, P 2
O 5 : 24.6%.
【００１８】このように多量のＰ、Ｎａ、Ｋを含有する
ため、従来の運転方法による場合には炉内で流動媒体が
増量し、図４に破線で示すように流動空気圧力が上限に
達したときにやむを得ず媒体排出コンベヤから媒体の一
部を抜き出すことを繰り返す必要があった。ここで従来
の方法とは流動媒体の充填量すなわち流動空気圧力を基
準値に設定して運転を開始し、燃焼温度は流動媒体の増
減に関わらず基準値において一定に制御し、サイクロン
の下部への空気吹き込みも行わない方法である。Since such a large amount of P, Na and K is contained, the flow medium increases in the furnace in the case of the conventional operation method, and the flow air pressure reaches the upper limit as shown by the broken line in FIG. It was necessary to repeat extracting a part of the medium from the medium discharge conveyor. Here, with the conventional method, the operation is started by setting the filling amount of the fluid medium, that is, the fluidizing air pressure to the reference value, and the combustion temperature is controlled to be constant at the reference value irrespective of the increase or decrease of the fluid medium. This method does not perform air blowing.
【００１９】これに対して本発明の運転方法による場合
には、図４に実線で示すように最終的に流動空気圧力の
増加を抑えて安定した運転が可能であり、媒体量も略一
定に維持されていることが確認された。なお、通常燃焼
温度の上限、下限値は設備に架せられる窒素酸化物やダ
イオキシン類等の排ガス規制値等により定められるべき
ものであるが、実施例ではテストプラントを使用してい
るため表１に示す値を採用した。また、この実施例にお
けるその他の設定値についても表１に示した。流動空気
圧力増減判定間隔ｔは、この間の前後の圧力値比較によ
り圧力が増加しているか減少しているかを判断する時間
間隔であり実施例では２時間とした。また、調整回数ｎ
は空気量、燃焼温度、流動空気圧力をそれぞれ上限値や
下限値に調整するまでの分割回数をし示しており、実施
例では４回とした。なおこの調整方法は任意の傾き（調
整速度）において直線的に変化させても問題ないが実施
例では２時間間隔で４回の段階的調整にて運転した。On the other hand, according to the operation method of the present invention, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 4, stable operation is finally possible by suppressing the increase of the flowing air pressure, and the amount of medium is also substantially constant. It was confirmed that it was maintained. The upper limit and lower limit of the normal combustion temperature should be determined based on the regulation value of exhaust gas such as nitrogen oxides and dioxins, etc., which are set up in the equipment. The values shown in Table 1 were adopted. Table 1 also shows other set values in this embodiment. The flowing air pressure increase / decrease determination interval t is a time interval for determining whether the pressure is increasing or decreasing by comparing the pressure values before and after this, and is set to 2 hours in the embodiment. The number of adjustments n
Indicates the number of divisions until the air amount, the combustion temperature, and the flowing air pressure are adjusted to the upper limit and the lower limit, respectively. In the embodiment, the number of divisions is four. This adjustment method can be changed linearly at an arbitrary inclination (adjustment speed). However, in this embodiment, the operation was performed by stepwise adjustment four times at two-hour intervals.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の流動焼
却炉の運転方法によれば、流動焼却炉内の媒体量を一定
に制御することができ、安定した操炉を行うことができ
る。また本発明の流動媒体分離粒径調整装置によれば、
サイクロンにより分離される媒体の粒径を空気により簡
便かつ正確に制御することができ、炉内への焼却灰返送
量を自由に変更することができる。As described above, according to the method for operating a fluidized incinerator of the present invention, the amount of medium in the fluidized incinerator can be controlled to be constant, and a stable furnace operation can be performed. . Further, according to the fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device of the present invention,
The particle size of the medium separated by the cyclone can be easily and accurately controlled by air, and the amount of incinerated ash returned to the furnace can be freely changed.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示す概念的な断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a conceptual sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の制御フローを示すフローシートであ
る。FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing a control flow of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の流動媒体分離粒径調整装置を示す概念
的な断面図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual sectional view showing a fluidized medium separation particle size adjusting device of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施例と比較例を示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the present invention and a comparative example.
１ 流動焼却炉の炉体、２ 流動空気供給管、３ 廃棄
物投入機、４ サイクロン、５ 熱交換器、６ ダウン
カマー、７ ニューマチックバルブ、８ 流動媒体排出
コンベヤ、９ 流動媒体供給機、１０ 温度検出器、１
１ 流動ブロワ、１２ 流動媒体分離粒径調整装置、１
３ 空気供給管、１４ 吸気管1 Furnace of fluidized incinerator, 2 fluidized air supply pipe, 3 waste injector, 4 cyclone, 5 heat exchanger, 6 downcomer, 7 pneumatic valve, 8 fluidized media discharge conveyor, 9 fluidized media feeder, 10 Temperature detector, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid blower, 12 Fluid medium separation particle size adjusting device, 1
3 air supply pipe, 14 intake pipe
Claims (4)
の流動媒体の増減傾向を検出し、媒体量が減少傾向にあ
るときには燃焼温度を高くして媒体量の減少を抑制し、
媒体量が増加傾向にあるときにはサイクロンの下方に設
置された流動媒体分離粒径調整装置により分離粒径を大
きくして媒体への付着の原因となる焼却灰を炉内に返送
しないように制御することを特徴とする循環流動焼却炉
の運転方法。1. A method for detecting an increasing or decreasing tendency of a flowing medium in a fluidized incinerator based on a change in a flowing air pressure, and suppressing a decrease in the amount of a medium by increasing a combustion temperature when the amount of the medium is decreasing.
When the amount of the medium is increasing, the separated particle diameter is increased by the fluidized medium separation particle size adjustment device installed below the cyclone to control the incineration ash that causes adhesion to the medium not to be returned to the furnace. A method for operating a circulating fluidized incinerator, comprising:
度を低下させることにより媒体への焼却灰付着を抑制
し、更に媒体量が増加傾向にあるときには、炉本体に充
填している媒体の量を下限値まで低くすることで濃厚層
の温度を低減して流動媒体の増加を抑制させる工程を組
み合わせたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の循環流動焼
却炉の運転方法。2. When the amount of the medium is increasing, the combustion temperature is reduced to suppress the incineration ash from adhering to the medium. When the amount of the medium is increasing further, the amount of the medium filled in the furnace body is reduced. The method for operating a circulating fluidized incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a step of reducing the temperature of the dense layer to suppress an increase in the fluidized medium by reducing the amount to the lower limit value is combined.
れた流動媒体および焼却灰を固気分離するサイクロンの
下方に、サイクロンにより分離された焼却灰を吹き上げ
てガス側に移行させる空気供給管を設けたことを特徴と
する流動媒体分離粒径調整装置。3. An air supply pipe which blows up the incinerated ash separated by the cyclone and transfers it to the gas side below the cyclone for solid-gas separation of the fluidized medium and the incinerated ash discharged from the fluidized incinerator together with the combustion gas. A particle size adjusting device for separating a fluid medium.
に空気を供給するように接線方向に設けられたものであ
る請求項３に記載の流動媒体分離粒径調整装置。4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the air supply pipe is provided in a tangential direction so as to supply air in the same rotational direction as the cyclone.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000079732A JP3586164B2 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-03-22 | Operating method of circulating fluidized incinerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000079732A JP3586164B2 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-03-22 | Operating method of circulating fluidized incinerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001263634A true JP2001263634A (en) | 2001-09-26 |
| JP3586164B2 JP3586164B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000079732A Expired - Lifetime JP3586164B2 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-03-22 | Operating method of circulating fluidized incinerator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009222372A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-01 | Metawater Co Ltd | Dispersion pipe supporting structure of fluidized incinerator |
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| JP2010236798A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-21 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Circulating fluidized bed incinerator |
| JP2011220668A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-11-04 | Metawater Co Ltd | Device and method of controlling temperature of circulation type fluidized incinerator |
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| JP2013524148A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-06-17 | フォイト パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Apparatus and method for converting paper residue into mineral product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009222372A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-01 | Metawater Co Ltd | Dispersion pipe supporting structure of fluidized incinerator |
| JP2010230280A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Bubble fluidized bed boiler and method for operating the same |
| JP2010236798A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-21 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Circulating fluidized bed incinerator |
| JP2011220668A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-11-04 | Metawater Co Ltd | Device and method of controlling temperature of circulation type fluidized incinerator |
| JP2013524148A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-06-17 | フォイト パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Apparatus and method for converting paper residue into mineral product |
| JP2012211741A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-01 | Metawater Co Ltd | Dynamic characteristic identification method for sludge incinerator |
| WO2013191109A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-27 | メタウォーター株式会社 | Circulating-type multi-layer furnace |
| CN113056322A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-06-29 | 莫比安尔私人公司 | Apparatus and method for cleaning particulate laden fluids using low energy multi-stream diverter techniques that do not require filter media |
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