JP2001252696A - Fermentation drying system and fermentation drying method - Google Patents

Fermentation drying system and fermentation drying method

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Publication number
JP2001252696A
JP2001252696A JP2000068932A JP2000068932A JP2001252696A JP 2001252696 A JP2001252696 A JP 2001252696A JP 2000068932 A JP2000068932 A JP 2000068932A JP 2000068932 A JP2000068932 A JP 2000068932A JP 2001252696 A JP2001252696 A JP 2001252696A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fermentation
sludge
dryer
main body
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2000068932A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3660191B2 (en
Inventor
Mikio Sato
三生男 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2000068932A priority Critical patent/JP3660191B2/en
Publication of JP2001252696A publication Critical patent/JP2001252696A/en
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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing

Landscapes

  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fermentation drier which has a simple device constitution and is easily applicable to a small-sized compost treatment system, a fermentation drying system and a fermentation drying method. SOLUTION: A fermentation drier 5 which allows sludge the fermentation drying and the generation of compost is provided with a rotatable drum-like main body 51 in which the rotation shaft is disposed nearly in a horizontal direction, an outer blade 52 which is spirally disposed on the outer peripheral side inside the main body 51 and an inner blade 53 which is spirally disposed by a support member 54 which intersects with the outer blade 52 on the inner peripheral side of the outer blade 52.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、発酵乾燥システム
及び発酵乾燥方法に関し、特に汚泥の発酵乾燥を行う発
酵乾燥システム及び発酵乾燥方法に関する。The present invention relates to a fermentation drying system and a fermentation drying method, and more particularly to a fermentation drying system and a fermentation drying method for performing fermentation drying of sludge.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】下水などを活性汚泥処理した際に発生す
る余剰汚泥（活性汚泥と凝集沈殿汚泥からなる）の処理
方法として、これらの汚泥を堆肥（コンポスト）化して
資源として再利用するコンポスト化処理が知られてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art As a method for treating surplus sludge (composed of activated sludge and coagulated sediment sludge) generated when sewage or the like is treated with activated sludge, composting of these sludges into compost (compost) for reuse as resources. Processing is known.

【０００３】図７は、従来のコンポスト化処理システム
の概略構成図である。汚泥貯留槽１内の汚泥は一部が汚
泥乾燥機１４に送られて乾燥された後、混合機１５に送
られて乾燥を経ていない汚泥や返送コンポストと混合す
ることにより水分が約５５％に調整される。この汚泥は
１次発酵装置５ａで少なくとも６５℃以上で少なくとも
２日間発酵処理され、約１０日間で２次発酵装置５ｂへ
と送られる。２次発酵装置５ｂで２ヶ月間発酵処理され
たコンポストは造粒機１６で成形された後に、袋詰装置
９で製品として小分けされ出荷される。FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional composting processing system. A part of the sludge in the sludge storage tank 1 is sent to a sludge dryer 14 to be dried, and then sent to a mixer 15 to be mixed with undried sludge and returned compost to reduce the water content to about 55%. Adjusted. This sludge is subjected to fermentation treatment at a temperature of at least 65 ° C. for at least 2 days in the primary fermentation apparatus 5a, and is sent to the secondary fermentation apparatus 5b in about 10 days. The compost that has been fermented for two months in the secondary fermentation device 5b is formed by the granulator 16 and then divided into small products by the bagging device 9 before being shipped.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述したように、従来
のコンポスト化処理システムは、混合機１５、１次発酵
装置５ａ、２次発酵装置５ｂ、造粒機１６からなり、装
置構成が大型で複雑なものとなる。このため、大規模な
処理システムには向いているが、小規模下水処理場や農
業集落排水処理施設等の余剰活性汚泥のコンポスト化処
理への適用には向いていない。As described above, the conventional composting treatment system includes the mixer 15, the primary fermenter 5a, the secondary fermenter 5b, and the granulator 16, and has a large device configuration. It becomes complicated. For this reason, it is suitable for large-scale treatment systems, but is not suitable for application to composting of excess activated sludge such as small-scale sewage treatment plants and agricultural settlement drainage treatment facilities.

【０００５】そこで、本発明は、装置構成が簡単で小規
模のコンポスト化処理への適用が容易な発酵乾燥システ
ム、発酵乾燥方法を提供することを課題とする。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fermentation drying system and a fermentation drying method which have a simple apparatus configuration and can be easily applied to a small-scale composting process.

【０００６】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明に係るシステムは、(1)汚泥を発酵乾燥させ
て堆肥を生成する発酵乾燥機であって、(a)略水平方向
に回転軸が配置されている回転可能なドラム状の本体
と、(b)この本体内部の外周側に螺旋状に配置されてい
る外羽根と、(c)この外羽根の内周側に外羽根と交差す
る螺旋状に配置されている内羽根と、を備えている発酵
乾燥機と、(2)発酵乾燥機を回転させる駆動装置と、(3)
発酵乾燥機の本体内に脱水された汚泥を投入する投入装
置と、(4)発酵乾燥機内部の汚泥を加熱する加熱装置
と、を備えていることを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, a system according to the present invention comprises (1) a fermentation dryer for producing a compost by fermenting and drying sludge, and (a) substantially in a horizontal direction. A rotatable drum-shaped main body on which a rotating shaft is arranged, (b) outer blades spirally arranged on the outer peripheral side inside the main body, and (c) outer blades on the inner peripheral side of the outer blades A fermentation drier comprising a spirally arranged inner blade intersecting with a fermentation drier, (2) a drive device for rotating the fermentation drier, and (3)
It is characterized by comprising a feeding device for feeding dehydrated sludge into the main body of the fermentation dryer, and (4) a heating device for heating sludge inside the fermentation dryer.

【０００７】一方、本発明に係る発酵乾燥方法は、上記
の発酵乾燥機を用いた発酵乾燥方法であって、(1)発酵
乾燥機の本体内に脱水された汚泥を投入し、残存する乾
燥堆肥と混合する工程と、(2)この本体を回転させるこ
とで混合後の汚泥を攪拌しながら、空気を注入して好気
状態を維持して汚泥の発酵を行う工程と、(3)発酵後の
汚泥の一部をこの発酵乾燥機の外部へ排出する工程と、
(4)発酵乾燥機内に残存する汚泥を加熱して乾燥を行う
工程と、を備えていることを特徴とする。On the other hand, the fermentation drying method according to the present invention is a fermentation drying method using the above fermentation dryer, wherein (1) the dehydrated sludge is put into the main body of the fermentation dryer and the remaining drying A step of mixing with compost, (2) a step of injecting air and maintaining an aerobic state to ferment sludge while stirring the mixed sludge by rotating the main body, and (3) fermentation A step of discharging a part of the sludge afterward to the outside of the fermentation dryer,
(4) heating and drying the sludge remaining in the fermentation dryer.

【０００８】上述の構成の発酵乾燥機のドラム状の本体
内に乾燥堆肥が残存する状態で、さらに脱水した汚泥を
投入して、本体をその回転軸を中心にして回転させる。
すると、投入された汚泥と残存する乾燥堆肥とは本体内
の外周側に螺旋状に配置された外羽根によって回転軸に
沿った所定の方向（以下、第一の方向と呼ぶ。）に移動
させられる。そして、本体内の一端まで到達した汚泥及
び乾燥堆肥は今度は外羽根と逆の螺旋状に配置された内
羽根によって同じ回転軸に沿った第一の方向とは逆の方
向へと移動させられる。これによって内部の汚泥と乾燥
堆肥とが攪拌混合される。[0008] With the dried compost remaining in the drum-shaped main body of the fermentation drier having the above-mentioned configuration, dewatered sludge is further introduced, and the main body is rotated about its rotation axis.
Then, the input sludge and the remaining dry compost are moved in a predetermined direction (hereinafter, referred to as a first direction) along the rotation axis by outer blades spirally arranged on the outer peripheral side in the main body. Can be Then, the sludge and the dried compost that have reached one end in the main body are now moved in a direction opposite to the first direction along the same rotation axis by the inner blade arranged in a spiral shape opposite to the outer blade. . Thereby, the sludge inside and the dry compost are stirred and mixed.

【０００９】その後、好気性発酵菌により汚泥中の有機
物が分解され（発酵）、分解時に発生した熱により汚泥
中の水分が蒸発する。好気性状態を保つために汚泥中に
は空気が注入されるとともに、発酵乾燥機本体を回転さ
せて汚泥・乾燥堆肥混合物の切り返しを行う。Thereafter, the organic matter in the sludge is decomposed by the aerobic fermentation bacterium (fermentation), and the heat in the decomposition evaporates the water in the sludge. In order to maintain the aerobic state, air is injected into the sludge, and the sludge / dry compost mixture is turned back by rotating the fermentation dryer body.

【００１０】発酵完了後は生成された堆肥の一部を残し
て排出し、残存する堆肥は加熱してさらに水分を蒸発さ
せて乾燥させる。こうして乾燥された堆肥と汚泥を混合
することで発酵に適した水分量に汚泥の水分量を調整す
ることが可能となる。After completion of the fermentation, a part of the produced compost is discharged, and the remaining compost is heated to further evaporate water and dried. By mixing the dried compost and sludge in this way, it is possible to adjust the water content of the sludge to a water content suitable for fermentation.

【００１１】本発明に係る発酵乾燥システムは、この発
酵乾燥機から排出される排ガス中の湿度を計測する湿度
計と、湿度計で検出した湿度を基にして発酵乾燥機内に
存在する汚泥の含水率を算定して、発酵乾燥機の発酵乾
燥状態を制御する制御装置とをさらに備えていることが
好ましい。一方、本発明に係る発酵乾燥方法は、この発
酵乾燥機から排出される排ガスの湿度を計測して、発酵
乾燥機内の汚泥の含水率を算定し、これを基にして発酵
乾燥状態を制御することが好ましい。[0011] The fermentation drying system according to the present invention comprises a hygrometer for measuring the humidity in the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation drier, and the moisture content of the sludge present in the fermentation drier based on the humidity detected by the hygrometer. Preferably, the apparatus further includes a control device for calculating the rate and controlling the fermentation drying state of the fermentation dryer. On the other hand, the fermentation drying method according to the present invention measures the humidity of the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation dryer, calculates the moisture content of the sludge in the fermentation dryer, and controls the fermentation drying state based on this. Is preferred.

【００１２】排ガス中の湿度を観測することで、汚泥か
らの水分蒸発量を算定し、さらに汚泥の含水率を推定す
ることが可能となる。発酵が進むと、前述したように発
酵時に発生した熱量により水分蒸発が進むから、含水率
から発酵状態を推定することができ、発酵状態を制御す
ることが可能となる。また、堆肥の乾燥時においても同
様に堆肥の水分率を推定することが可能であり、乾燥状
態を同様に制御することができる。By observing the humidity in the exhaust gas, the amount of water evaporation from the sludge can be calculated, and the moisture content of the sludge can be estimated. As the fermentation proceeds, as described above, the moisture evaporates due to the amount of heat generated during the fermentation. Therefore, the fermentation state can be estimated from the water content, and the fermentation state can be controlled. Also, when the compost is dried, the moisture content of the compost can be similarly estimated, and the drying state can be similarly controlled.

【００１３】さらに、混合工程終了時の汚泥の含水率を
少なくとも４５％以下とすることが好ましい。本発明者
の知見によると、脱水汚泥と乾燥堆肥を混合させる際
に、混合後の汚泥の含水率が高いほど数センチから数十
センチの塊状の汚泥が形成される転動造粒現象が発生し
やすい。そして、この含水率を４５％以下とするとこの
転動造粒現象を必要な程度に抑制することが可能である
ことを見出した。Further, the water content of the sludge at the end of the mixing step is preferably at least 45% or less. According to the findings of the present inventor, when mixing dewatered sludge and dry compost, a rolling granulation phenomenon occurs in which a larger sludge of several centimeters to several tens of centimeters is formed as the water content of the mixed sludge is higher. It's easy to do. It has been found that when the water content is 45% or less, the rolling granulation phenomenon can be suppressed to a necessary degree.

【００１４】本発明に係る発酵乾燥システムは、汚泥を
脱水してシート状の脱水ケーキとして投入装置へと導く
ベルトプレス脱水機をさらに備えていることが好まし
い。一方、本発明に係る発酵乾燥方法は、汚泥をシート
状に脱水して発酵乾燥機の本体内に投入することが好ま
しい。このようにすると、汚泥が細分化されて乾燥堆肥
と混合されるので、転動造粒現象の発生を効果的に抑制
できる。[0014] The fermentation drying system according to the present invention preferably further comprises a belt press dehydrator for dehydrating the sludge and guiding the sludge to a charging device as a dehydrated sheet. On the other hand, in the fermentation drying method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the sludge is dehydrated into a sheet and put into the main body of the fermentation dryer. By doing so, the sludge is finely divided and mixed with the dry compost, so that the occurrence of the rolling granulation phenomenon can be effectively suppressed.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照して本発明
の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。説明の理
解を容易にするため、各図面において同一の構成要素に
対しては可能な限り同一の参照番号を附し、重複する説
明は省略する。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate understanding of the description, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible in each drawing, and redundant description will be omitted.

【００１６】図１は、本発明に係る発酵乾燥システムの
概略構成図である。このシステムは、本発明に係る発酵
乾燥機５を中心としたシステムである。発酵乾燥機５
は、ドラム状の回転可能な本体５１を有しており、その
中心軸（回転軸）が水平に配置されている。そして、ド
ラム本体を回転させるためのモータ６が取り付けられて
いる。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fermentation drying system according to the present invention. This system is a system centering on the fermentation dryer 5 according to the present invention. Fermentation dryer 5
Has a drum-shaped rotatable main body 51, and its central axis (rotation axis) is arranged horizontally. Then, a motor 6 for rotating the drum body is attached.

【００１７】発酵乾燥機５の汚泥投入口の上には、汚泥
を脱水してシート状にして排出するベルトプレス脱水機
４が配置されている。このベルトプレス脱水機４の汚泥
等入口には、汚泥凝集槽３が接続されており、汚泥凝集
槽３には、汚泥貯留槽１とポリ硫酸鉄貯槽２が接続され
ている。Above the sludge inlet of the fermentation dryer 5, a belt press dehydrator 4 for dehydrating the sludge into a sheet and discharging the sheet is disposed. A sludge flocculation tank 3 is connected to a sludge inlet of the belt press dewatering machine 4, and the sludge flocculation tank 3 is connected to a sludge storage tank 1 and a ferrous polysulfate storage tank 2.

【００１８】発酵乾燥機５には、ブロワ８と空気加熱器
７を介した空気供給ラインが接続されている。そして、
発酵乾燥機５から排出される排気ライン上には、湿度計
１１と流量計１２とが配置され、排気ラインは排気処理
設備１０へと導かれる。一方、発酵乾燥機５から排出さ
れた堆肥は袋詰装置９へと導かれる。An air supply line via a blower 8 and an air heater 7 is connected to the fermentation dryer 5. And
A hygrometer 11 and a flow meter 12 are arranged on an exhaust line discharged from the fermentation dryer 5, and the exhaust line is guided to an exhaust treatment facility 10. On the other hand, the compost discharged from the fermentation dryer 5 is guided to the bagging device 9.

【００１９】モータ６、ベルトプレス脱水機４、空気加
熱器７、ブロワ８を制御する制御装置１３には、湿度計
１１と流量計１２の出力が送られる。The outputs of the hygrometer 11 and the flow meter 12 are sent to a control device 13 for controlling the motor 6, the belt press dewatering machine 4, the air heater 7 and the blower 8.

【００２０】ここで、発酵乾燥機５の内部構成を図２〜
図５を参照して説明する。図２〜図５に示されるよう
に、発酵乾燥機５のドラム状の本体５１の内部には、外
周側に螺旋状に４個の外羽根５２が配置され（図３、図
４参照）、その内周側には外羽根５２と交差する逆向き
の螺旋状に２個の内羽根５３が配置されている（図３、
図５参照）。そして、内羽根５３はドラム本体５１に部
材５４により固定されている。これらの外羽根５２、内
羽根５３は図示されているような一体構成でなく、複数
の羽根を組み合わせて構成されていてもよい。その場合
に、それぞれの羽根が連結されている必要はない。Here, the internal configuration of the fermentation dryer 5 is shown in FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, inside the drum-shaped main body 51 of the fermentation dryer 5, four outer blades 52 are spirally arranged on the outer peripheral side (see FIGS. 3 and 4). On the inner peripheral side, two inner blades 53 are arranged in a reverse spiral crossing the outer blades 52 (FIG. 3,
(See FIG. 5). The inner blade 53 is fixed to the drum main body 51 by a member 54. These outer blades 52 and inner blades 53 are not an integral structure as shown, but may be configured by combining a plurality of blades. In that case, it is not necessary for the respective blades to be connected.

【００２１】続いて、この発酵乾燥システムの動作、す
なわち、本発明に係る発酵乾燥方法について説明する。Next, the operation of the fermentation drying system, that is, the fermentation drying method according to the present invention will be described.

【００２２】汚泥貯留槽１には、例えば、農業集落排水
や産業排水、小規模下水処理等の余剰活性汚泥が貯留さ
れている。これとポリ硫酸鉄貯槽２内のポリ硫酸鉄溶液
を汚泥凝集槽に導いて混合し、汚泥を凝集沈殿させる。
凝集沈殿後の汚泥をベルトプレス脱水機４に導いて含水
率８０％程度まで脱水して厚さ１〜３ｍｍ程度の薄いシ
ート状に加工して排出する。The sludge storage tank 1 stores, for example, surplus activated sludge for agricultural settlement drainage, industrial wastewater, small-scale sewage treatment, and the like. This and the polysulphate solution in the polysulphate storage tank 2 are introduced into a sludge flocculation tank and mixed there to coagulate and settle the sludge.
The sludge after the coagulation and sedimentation is guided to the belt press dewatering machine 4 to be dewatered to a water content of about 80%, processed into a thin sheet having a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm, and discharged.

【００２３】ベルトプレス脱水機４の出口を発酵乾燥機
５の汚泥投入口の直上１〜２ｍの位置に配置すること
で、排出された汚泥は細分化されて、そのまま発酵乾燥
機５のドラム状の本体５１内へと落下して投入される。
ベルトプレス脱水機４は、他のフィルタープレス脱水機
等に比べて装置が小型で安価で済むという利点がある。
発酵乾燥機５内には含水率２５〜３５％に調整されたコ
ンポストが発酵乾燥機５内の容積の３０〜４０％充填さ
れており、投入された汚泥はこのコンポストと混合され
る。By arranging the outlet of the belt press dehydrator 4 at a position of 1 to 2 m immediately above the sludge inlet of the fermentation dryer 5, the discharged sludge is fragmented, and the sludge discharged from the fermentation dryer 5 as it is. And is dropped into the main body 51.
The belt press dewatering machine 4 has an advantage that the apparatus is small and inexpensive as compared with other filter press dewatering machines and the like.
The fermentation drier 5 is filled with compost adjusted to a water content of 25 to 35% by 30 to 40% of the volume in the fermentation drier 5, and the introduced sludge is mixed with the compost.

【００２４】このときに、発酵乾燥機５の本体５１は、
モータ６によって２分で１回転されており、この回転に
よって本体５１内の汚泥とコンポストが攪拌混合され
る。具体的には、図３において本体をＡ方向に回転させ
ると、外周側に位置する汚泥・コンポストは外羽根５２
によって矢印Ｂ方向へ移動させられる。一方、内側に位
置する汚泥・コンポストは内羽根５３によって矢印Ｂ方
向とは逆向きの矢印Ｃ方向へと移動させられる。これに
より、汚泥・コンポストが良好に混合される。混合後の
水分量が４５％程度となるまで汚泥を追加投入し、汚泥
とコンポストを混合しおえたら、発酵工程に入る。この
水分量は、汚泥、コンポストの含水率を推定して汚泥の
投入量と残存するコンポストの量から算定する。At this time, the main body 51 of the fermentation dryer 5
The rotation is performed by the motor 6 once in two minutes, and the rotation causes the sludge and the compost in the main body 51 to be stirred and mixed. Specifically, when the main body is rotated in the direction A in FIG. 3, the sludge / compost located on the outer peripheral side
Is moved in the direction of arrow B. On the other hand, the sludge / compost located inside is moved by the inner blade 53 in the direction of arrow C opposite to the direction of arrow B. Thereby, sludge and compost are mixed well. Additional sludge is added until the water content after mixing becomes about 45%, and after the sludge and compost are mixed, the fermentation process is started. This water content is calculated from the sludge input amount and the remaining compost amount by estimating the water content of sludge and compost.

【００２５】汚泥・コンポストを本実施形態の発酵乾燥
機５のようなドラム状容器内で混合すると、ドラムの回
転によって数センチから数十センチの塊状汚泥が形成さ
れるいわゆる転動造粒現象が起こる。従来、このような
転動造粒現象を防ぐためにはもみがらや木材チップ等の
副資材を大量に導入する方法が採られていたが、この方
法では汚泥の容積が増して、装置が大型化するという欠
点があった。さらにこのような塊状汚泥においては発酵
が内部まで進まず、コンポストとして利用ができない。
本発明者は、混合時の含水率と造粒率（８ｍｍふるい上
の残留率）との関係を調べた結果、図６に示されるよう
に混合時の含水率を４５％以下に維持すれば製品として
許容できる造粒率１０％以下に維持できることを見出し
た。When the sludge / compost is mixed in a drum-shaped container such as the fermentation dryer 5 of the present embodiment, a so-called rolling granulation phenomenon in which a lump of sludge of several centimeters to several tens centimeters is formed by rotation of the drum. Occur. Conventionally, in order to prevent such a rolling granulation phenomenon, a method of introducing a large amount of auxiliary material such as rice hulls and wood chips has been adopted, but this method increases the volume of sludge and increases the size of the apparatus. Had the disadvantage of doing so. Furthermore, in such a sludge, fermentation does not proceed to the inside and cannot be used as compost.
As a result of examining the relationship between the water content at the time of mixing and the granulation rate (residual rate on an 8 mm sieve), the present inventors found that the water content at the time of mixing was maintained at 45% or less as shown in FIG. It has been found that the granulation rate can be maintained at 10% or less, which is acceptable as a product.

【００２６】本発明では、乾燥コンポストに汚泥を混合
することで造粒率の許容限度を超えないような含水率を
維持することができる。また、乾燥コンポストは副資材
に比べて容積が小さく、装置が大型化することがない。In the present invention, by mixing sludge with the dried compost, it is possible to maintain a water content that does not exceed the allowable limit of the granulation rate. Further, the volume of the dried compost is smaller than that of the auxiliary material, and the size of the apparatus is not increased.

【００２７】発酵工程では、好気性発酵菌により汚泥中
の有機物が分解され、発生した熱によって汚泥・コンポ
ストから水分が蒸発する。好気性を維持するためにブロ
ワ８により発酵乾燥機５内に空気が吹き込まれる。ま
た、３時間から５時間に一回、約１０分かけて本体５１
を１回転させることにより汚泥・コンポストの切り返し
を行う。こうして発酵によって汚泥がコンポスト化され
る。In the fermentation step, the organic matter in the sludge is decomposed by the aerobic fermentation bacteria, and the heat generated evaporates the water from the sludge and compost. Air is blown into fermentation dryer 5 by blower 8 to maintain aerobic. Also, once every three to five hours, the main body 51 takes about 10 minutes.
The sludge and the compost are turned back by rotating once. Thus, the sludge is composted by fermentation.

【００２８】６５℃以上の発酵温度を２日以上維持し、
（工程全体としては４〜５日間に相当する）含水率が３
０〜４０％に達したら生成されたコンポストのうち所定
量を発酵乾燥機５から排出して袋詰装置９に導き、通気
性のある製品袋に小分けして詰められる。含水率は排気
ライン上に設置された湿度計１１と流量計１２の検出結
果を基にして制御装置１３がまず、蒸発水分量を算出
し、この蒸発水分量を基にして発酵乾燥機５内の汚泥・
コンポストの含水率を推定する。なお、農業集落排水等
の場合は、余剰汚泥のみでは充分な発酵温度を維持する
ことが難しいので、油かすや米ぬか、乾燥鶏糞などの添
加剤を加えることが好ましい。Maintaining a fermentation temperature of at least 65 ° C. for at least 2 days,
(Corresponding to 4-5 days for the whole process)
When it reaches 0 to 40%, a predetermined amount of the produced compost is discharged from the fermentation dryer 5 and guided to the bag filling device 9, where the compost is divided and packed into air-permeable product bags. The controller 13 first calculates the moisture content based on the detection results of the hygrometer 11 and the flow meter 12 installed on the exhaust line, and calculates the moisture content in the fermentation dryer 5 based on the moisture content. Sludge
Estimate the moisture content of the compost. In the case of agricultural settlement drainage and the like, it is difficult to maintain a sufficient fermentation temperature only with excess sludge. Therefore, it is preferable to add additives such as oil residue, rice bran, and dried chicken dung.

【００２９】袋詰めされたコンポストは１〜２ヶ月間２
次発酵させられた後、製品として利用される。一方、本
体５１内にはコンポストが残存している。このコンポス
トは次に発酵を行う汚泥の水分調整に用いるために乾燥
される。具体的には、ブロワ８から供給する空気を空気
加熱器７で加熱して本体５１内に送り込むことで、加熱
によりコンポストの水分を蒸発させて含水率を２５〜３
５％に調整する。この水分調整も上述したように排気ラ
イン状に設置された湿度計１１と流量計１２の検出結果
を基に制御装置１３が蒸発水分量を算出することで調整
が行われる。The compost packed in the bag is allowed to be
After being fermented, it is used as a product. On the other hand, compost remains in the main body 51. The compost is then dried for use in adjusting the moisture of the sludge to be fermented. Specifically, the air supplied from the blower 8 is heated by the air heater 7 and sent into the main body 51 to evaporate the moisture of the compost by heating to reduce the water content to 25 to 3%.
Adjust to 5%. As described above, this moisture adjustment is also performed by the control device 13 calculating the amount of evaporated moisture based on the detection results of the hygrometer 11 and the flow meter 12 installed in the exhaust line.

【００３０】ここでは、流量計１２により排気流量を直
接測定する例を説明したが、ブロワ８の供給量から排気
流量を推定することも可能である。Here, an example in which the exhaust gas flow rate is directly measured by the flow meter 12 has been described. However, the exhaust gas flow rate can be estimated from the supply amount of the blower 8.

【００３１】本発明では、図７に示される発酵乾燥シス
テムと比較して、混合機１５から造粒機１６までを発酵
乾燥機５のみで兼ねることができ、小型化が可能とな
る。また、工程の大部分を占める発酵工程、乾燥工程が
自動化されているため、省力化も可能であり、特に、小
規模の処理施設に適している。According to the present invention, as compared with the fermentation drying system shown in FIG. 7, only the fermentation dryer 5 can be used from the mixer 15 to the granulator 16 and the size can be reduced. In addition, since the fermentation step and the drying step, which occupy most of the steps, are automated, labor saving is possible, and the method is particularly suitable for a small-scale treatment facility.

【００３２】[0032]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、汚
泥と乾燥コンポストを発酵乾燥機の内部で混合して、そ
のまま発酵、乾燥を行うことができるので、処理設備の
小型化が可能である。さらに、排気の湿度を測定して蒸
発水分量を算出することで、発酵乾燥機の発酵、乾燥工
程を自動化することができ、省力化が計れ、小規模の処
理施設に好適である。As described above, according to the present invention, sludge and dried compost can be mixed in a fermentation dryer and fermentation and drying can be performed as they are, so that the processing equipment can be miniaturized. is there. Furthermore, by measuring the humidity of the exhaust gas and calculating the amount of evaporated water, the fermentation and drying steps of the fermentation dryer can be automated, saving labor and being suitable for a small-scale treatment facility.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明に係る発酵乾燥システムの実施形態を示
すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a fermentation drying system according to the present invention.

【図２】本発明に係る発酵乾燥機の内部構造を説明する
図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the internal structure of a fermentation dryer according to the present invention.

【図３】図２の発酵乾燥機の内羽根と外羽根の関係を示
す図である。FIG. 3 is a view showing a relationship between an inner blade and an outer blade of the fermentation dryer of FIG. 2;

【図４】図２の発酵乾燥機の外羽根を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing outer blades of the fermentation dryer of FIG. 2;

【図５】図２の発酵乾燥機の内羽根を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a view showing an inner blade of the fermentation dryer of FIG. 2;

【図６】混合前の含水率とふるい上残留率の関係を示す
グラフである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between a water content before mixing and a residual ratio on a sieve.

【図７】従来の発酵乾燥システムのブロック図である。FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a conventional fermentation drying system.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１…汚泥貯留槽、２…ポリ硫酸鉄貯槽、３…汚泥凝集
槽、４…ベルトプレス脱水機、５…発酵乾燥機、６…モ
ータ、７…空気加熱器、８…ブロワ、９…袋詰装置、１
０…排気処理設備、１１…湿度計、１２…流量計、１３
…制御装置、５１…本体、５２…外羽根、５３…内羽
根、５４…支持部材。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sludge storage tank, 2 ... Polyiron sulfate storage tank, 3 ... Sludge coagulation tank, 4 ... Belt press dehydrator, 5 ... Fermentation dryer, 6 ... Motor, 7 ... Air heater, 8 ... Blower, 9 ... Packing Device, 1
0: exhaust treatment equipment, 11: hygrometer, 12: flow meter, 13
... Control device, 51 ... Main body, 52 ... Outer blade, 53 ... Inner blade, 54 ... Support member.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｆ２６Ｂ 3/04 Ｆ２６Ｂ 3/04 11/04 11/04 21/00 21/00 Ａ 25/22 25/22 Ｚ Ｆターム(参考） 3L113 AA06 AB02 AB07 AC01 AC68 BA37 CA02 CB01 DA08 DA14 4D059 AA05 BA03 BA47 BA56 BD01 BD22 BE08 BE16 BE55 BJ04 BK09 CB07 CC01 DA23 DB36 EA01 EA20 EB01 4H061 AA02 AA03 CC51 GG16 GG17 GG19 GG43 GG49 GG68 LL26──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) F26B 3/04 F26B 3/04 11/04 11/04 21/00 21/00 A 25/22 25/22 Z F term (reference) 3L113 AA06 AB02 AB07 AC01 AC68 BA37 CA02 CB01 DA08 DA14 4D059 AA05 BA03 BA47 BA56 BD01 BD22 BE08 BE16 BE55 BJ04 BK09 CB07 CC01 DA23 DB36 EA01 EA20 EB01 4H061 AA02 AA03 GG17 GG19 GG16 GG16 GG16

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 汚泥を発酵乾燥させて堆肥を生成する発
酵乾燥機であって、 略水平方向に回転軸が配置されている回転可能なドラム
状の本体と、 前記本体内部の外周側に螺旋状に配置されている外羽根
と、 前記外羽根の内周側に前記外羽根と交差する螺旋状に配
置されている内羽根とを備えている発酵乾燥機と、 前記発酵乾燥機を回転させる駆動装置と、 前記発酵乾燥機の前記本体内に脱水された汚泥を投入す
る投入装置と、 前記発酵乾燥機内部の汚泥を加熱する加熱装置とを備え
ている発酵乾燥システム。1. A fermentation dryer for producing compost by fermenting and drying sludge, comprising: a rotatable drum-shaped main body having a rotating shaft disposed in a substantially horizontal direction; A fermentation dryer having an outer blade arranged in a shape, and an inner blade arranged in a spiral shape crossing the outer blade on the inner peripheral side of the outer blade; and rotating the fermentation dryer. A fermentation drying system comprising: a driving device; an input device for inputting dehydrated sludge into the main body of the fermentation dryer; and a heating device for heating sludge inside the fermentation dryer. 【請求項２】 前記発酵乾燥機から排出される排ガス中
の湿度を計測する湿度計と、 前記湿度計で検出した湿度を基にして前記発酵乾燥機内
に存在する汚泥の含水率を算定して、前記発酵乾燥機の
発酵乾燥状態を制御する制御装置と、 をさらに備えている請求項１記載の発酵乾燥システム。2. A hygrometer for measuring humidity in exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation dryer, and calculating a moisture content of sludge present in the fermentation dryer based on the humidity detected by the hygrometer. The fermentation drying system according to claim 1, further comprising: a control device configured to control a fermentation drying state of the fermentation dryer. 【請求項３】 前記制御装置は、前記含水率が少なくと
も４５％以下になるまで汚泥の発酵乾燥を行うことを特
徴とする請求項２記載の発酵乾燥システム。3. The fermentation drying system according to claim 2, wherein the controller performs the fermentation drying of the sludge until the water content becomes at least 45% or less. 【請求項４】 前記汚泥を脱水してシート状の脱水ケー
キとして前記投入装置へと導くベルトプレス脱水機をさ
らに備えている請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の発酵乾
燥システム。4. The fermentation drying system according to claim 1, further comprising a belt press dehydrator for dehydrating the sludge and guiding the sludge as a sheet-like dewatered cake to the charging device. 【請求項５】 汚泥を発酵乾燥させて堆肥を生成する発
酵乾燥方法であって、 略水平方向に回転軸が配置されている回転可能なドラム
状の本体と、前記本体内部の外周側に螺旋状に配置され
ている外羽根と、前記外羽根の内周側に前記外羽根と交
差する螺旋状に配置されている内羽根とを備えている発
酵乾燥機の本体内に脱水された汚泥を投入し、残存する
乾燥堆肥と混合する工程と、 前記本体を回転させることで混合後の汚泥を攪拌しなが
ら、空気を注入して好気状態を維持して汚泥の発酵を行
う工程と、 発酵後の汚泥の一部を前記発酵乾燥機の外部へ排出する
工程と、 前記発酵乾燥機内に残存する汚泥を加熱して乾燥を行う
工程と、 を備えている発酵乾燥方法。5. A fermentation drying method for producing compost by fermenting and drying sludge, comprising: a rotatable drum-shaped main body having a rotating shaft arranged substantially horizontally; and a spiral formed on an outer peripheral side inside the main body. An outer blade arranged in a shape, and sludge dehydrated in a main body of a fermentation dryer including an inner blade arranged in a spiral shape crossing the outer blade on the inner peripheral side of the outer blade. Throwing in and mixing with the remaining dry compost; stirring the mixed sludge by rotating the main body while injecting air to maintain an aerobic state to perform fermentation of the sludge; A fermentation drying method, comprising: a step of discharging a part of the sludge to the outside of the fermentation dryer; and a step of heating and drying the sludge remaining in the fermentation dryer. 【請求項６】 前記発酵乾燥機から排出される排ガスの
湿度を計測して、発酵乾燥機内の汚泥の含水率を算定
し、これを基にして発酵乾燥状態を制御することを特徴
とする請求項５記載の発酵乾燥方法。6. The fermentation dryer is characterized by measuring the humidity of the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation dryer, calculating the moisture content of the sludge in the fermentation dryer, and controlling the fermentation drying state based on this. Item 6. The fermentation drying method according to Item 5. 【請求項７】 前記混合工程終了時の汚泥の含水率を少
なくとも４５％以下とすることを特徴とする請求項５あ
るいは６に記載の発酵乾燥方法。7. The fermentation drying method according to claim 5, wherein the water content of the sludge at the end of the mixing step is at least 45% or less. 【請求項８】 汚泥をシート状に脱水して前記発酵乾燥
機の本体内に投入する工程をさらに備えていることを特
徴とする請求項５〜７のいずれかに記載の発酵乾燥方
法。8. The fermentation drying method according to claim 5, further comprising a step of dewatering the sludge into a sheet and charging the sludge into the main body of the fermentation dryer.
JP2000068932A 2000-03-13 2000-03-13 Fermentation drying method Expired - Fee Related JP3660191B2 (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101921049A (en) * 2010-09-21 2010-12-22 同济大学 Method and device for producing methane by using dry anaerobic digestion for urban sludge and organic matter
CN101935139A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-01-05 同济大学 Method for producing mash gas from municipal sludge through dry method anaerobic fermentation
CN106091626A (en) * 2016-07-20 2016-11-09 马先芝 A kind of slag drying machine detecting humidity
JP2018094470A (en) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-21 株式会社石垣 Method for operating drum type concentrating device
CN112254473A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-22 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 Fertilizer stoving mechanism
CN114111259A (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-01 湖南省靖泰现代农业科技有限公司 Tea production is with stirring stoving integrated device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101921049A (en) * 2010-09-21 2010-12-22 同济大学 Method and device for producing methane by using dry anaerobic digestion for urban sludge and organic matter
CN101935139A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-01-05 同济大学 Method for producing mash gas from municipal sludge through dry method anaerobic fermentation
CN101935139B (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-11-16 同济大学 Method for producing mash gas from municipal sludge through dry method anaerobic fermentation
CN106091626A (en) * 2016-07-20 2016-11-09 马先芝 A kind of slag drying machine detecting humidity
JP2018094470A (en) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-21 株式会社石垣 Method for operating drum type concentrating device
CN114111259A (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-01 湖南省靖泰现代农业科技有限公司 Tea production is with stirring stoving integrated device
CN112254473A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-22 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 Fertilizer stoving mechanism

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