JP2001146457A - Cement admixture, cement composition and application of concrete using the same - Google Patents

Cement admixture, cement composition and application of concrete using the same

Info

Publication number
JP2001146457A
JP2001146457A JP32679599A JP32679599A JP2001146457A JP 2001146457 A JP2001146457 A JP 2001146457A JP 32679599 A JP32679599 A JP 32679599A JP 32679599 A JP32679599 A JP 32679599A JP 2001146457 A JP2001146457 A JP 2001146457A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
concrete
cement
absorbing polymer
aluminate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP32679599A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hidehiro Tanaka
秀弘 田中
Toshiyuki Tamaki
俊之 玉木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denka Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK filed Critical Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority to JP32679599A priority Critical patent/JP2001146457A/en
Publication of JP2001146457A publication Critical patent/JP2001146457A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0045Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
    • C04B2103/0051Water-absorbing polymers, hydrophilic polymers

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete application process that can satisfactorily apply concrete mixtures without leakage from the gaps between mold frames and from crackings, can form the hardened products of stabilized quality without occurrence of phase separation of the material components, causes no loosening and releasing, even when the concrete is applied to the walls, the ceiling face, natural ground and the cavity on the back face of a tunnel. SOLUTION: The objective cement admixture comprises a water-absorbing polymer that can absorb the water in an amount of >=1,000-fold self-weight of the polymer and an alkali metal aluminate as active ingredients. The water- absorbing polymer that can absorb the water in an amount of >=1,000-fold self-weight of the polymer and an alkali metal aluminate are separately transferred and admixed to the concrete material and the mixed material is applied to the site.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、土木、建築分野で
使用されるセメント混和材、セメント組成物、及びそれ
を用いたコンクリートの施工方法に関する。なお、本発
明の部や%は特に規定しないかぎり質量基準である。ま
た、本発明でいうコンクリートとは、セメントペース
ト、セメントモルタル、及びセメントコンクリートを総
称するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cement admixture used in the fields of civil engineering and construction, a cement composition, and a method of constructing concrete using the same. The parts and percentages in the present invention are based on mass unless otherwise specified. The concrete in the present invention is a general term for cement paste, cement mortar, and cement concrete.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術とその課題】従来から、コンクリートは、
製造が容易で流動性に富んでおり、輸送が容易でコスト
がかからず、作業性も良好であることから多く使用され
ている。そして、コンクリートの施工に際しては、型枠
内に流し込んで打設することから、例えば、流動性が大
きい場合や、型枠が確実に設置されていない場合などで
は、型枠の隙間からコンクリートが流れ出してしまい施
工が困難となったり、地下空隙等の水が存在する場所に
コンクリートを施工する場合は、材料分離して安定した
品質のコンクリート硬化体ができないという課題があっ
た。また、壁、天井面、地山、及びトンネルの背面等の
空隙等にコンクリートを施工する場合、ダレたり、剥離
したりしてしまい施工がしづらいという課題があった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, concrete has been
It is widely used because it is easy to manufacture and has good fluidity, is easy to transport, does not require cost, and has good workability. And, when concrete is constructed, it is poured into the formwork and poured.For example, when the fluidity is large, or when the formwork is not securely installed, the concrete flows out from the gap of the formwork. In the case where concrete is constructed in a place where water is present, such as an underground void, there is a problem that the material is separated and a hardened concrete of stable quality cannot be obtained. In addition, when concrete is applied to a space such as a wall, a ceiling surface, a ground, and a back surface of a tunnel, there is a problem that the concrete is dripped or peeled off, making it difficult to perform the operation.

【0003】一方、材料分離を防止する方法として水中
不分離混和剤を使用することが土木学会基準で定められ
ており、また、型枠にかかる側圧を減少させることを目
的として、無機塩とカルシウムアルミネート、増粘剤、
及び減水剤からなるセメント混和材等が提案されている
(特開平05−009049号公報)。しかしながら、水中分離
抵抗性のさらなる要望を満足すべく優れた材料が求めら
れていた。
On the other hand, the use of an inseparable admixture in water as a method for preventing material separation is specified by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. In addition, inorganic salts and calcium salts are used for the purpose of reducing the lateral pressure applied to a mold. Aluminate, thickener,
And a cement admixture comprising a water reducing agent have been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-009049). However, excellent materials have been demanded to satisfy further demands for resistance to separation in water.

【0004】本発明者は、前記課題を解決すべく種々検
討を重ねた結果、特定のセメント混和材を使用すること
により、また、特定のコンクリートの施工方法を採用す
ることにより、コンクリートの施工が容易で、打設後速
やかに流動性がなくなり前記課題が解決されることを知
見して本発明を完成するに至った
The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by using a specific cement admixture and adopting a specific concrete construction method, concrete construction has been completed. The present invention was found to be easy, and it was found that the fluidity disappeared immediately after casting and the above-mentioned problem was solved, and the present invention was completed.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】即ち、本発明は、吸水力
が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリマーとアルカリ金属ア
ルミン酸塩と有効成分とするセメント混和材であり、セ
メントと該セメント混和材を含有してなるセメント組成
物であり、吸水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリマー
とアルカリ金属アルミン酸塩と別々に送給し、コンクリ
ート材料と合流混合しながら施工するコンクリートの施
工方法であり、吸水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリ
マーをコンクリート材料に配合して圧送すると共に、ア
ルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を別途送給する該コンクリート
の施工方法である。
That is, the present invention relates to a cement admixture comprising a water-absorbing polymer having an absorbency of at least 100 times its own weight, an alkali metal aluminate and an active ingredient, comprising cement and the cement admixture. Is a cement composition that contains a water-absorbing polymer whose water-absorbing power is 100 times or more its own weight and an alkali metal aluminate separately, and is mixed and mixed with the concrete material to construct the concrete. This is a concrete construction method in which a water-absorbing polymer having a water-absorbing power of 100 times or more of its own weight is mixed into a concrete material and fed, and an alkali metal aluminate is separately fed.

【0006】[0006]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

【0007】本発明で使用するコンクリート材料とは、
セメントや必要に応じ使用する骨材等の混合物をいう。
ここで、セメントは特に限定されるものではなく、通常
のセメントが使用可能である。具体的には普通、早強、
中庸熱、及び超早強等の各種ポルトランドセメントや、
これらポルトランドセメントに、シリカ、スラグ、又は
フライアッシュなどを混合した各種混合セメントの使用
が可能である。
[0007] The concrete material used in the present invention is:
It refers to a mixture of cement and aggregate used as needed.
Here, the cement is not particularly limited, and ordinary cement can be used. Specifically, normal, early strength,
Various Portland cements such as moderate heat and super fast strength,
Various mixed cements obtained by mixing silica, slag, fly ash, or the like with these Portland cements can be used.

【0008】混合する水は特に限定されるものではない
が、通常清水が用いられる。水の使用量も特に限定され
るものではないが、通常は、セメント100部に対して、3
0〜100部が好ましい。30部未満では流動性が悪くなる場
合があり、100部を越えると強度発現が遅れる場合があ
る。
The water to be mixed is not particularly limited, but usually, fresh water is used. Although the amount of water used is not particularly limited, it is usually 3 parts per 100 parts of cement.
0-100 parts are preferred. If it is less than 30 parts, the fluidity may be poor, and if it exceeds 100 parts, the strength may be delayed.

【0009】また、セメントと水以外に、骨材、減水
剤、防水剤、及び収縮低減剤等の各種混和材や混和剤を
使用することが可能である。
In addition to cement and water, it is possible to use various admixtures and additives such as aggregates, water reducing agents, waterproofing agents, and shrinkage reducing agents.

【0010】本発明で使用する吸水性ポリマーとは、吸
水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリマーをいい、グラ
フト重合系やカルボキシメチル化系のデンプン系、グラ
フト重合系やカルボキシメチル化系のセルロース系、並
びに、ポリアクリル酸塩系、ポリビニルアルコール系、
ポリアクリルアミド系、及びポリオキシエチレン系の合
成ポリマー系がある。このうち、ポリアクリル酸塩系の
合成ポリマー系吸水性ポリマー、特に橋かけポリアクリ
ル酸塩系の合成ポリマー系吸水性ポリマーが増粘効果の
面から好ましい。吸水性ポリマーの使用量は特に限定さ
れるものではないが、通常は、セメント100部に対し
て、0.05〜2部が好ましく、0.1〜1部がより好まし
い。0.05部未満では添加効果が悪くなる場合があり、2
部を越えると粘性が強くなり作業性が悪くなる場合があ
る。吸水性ポリマーの添加方法は特に限定されるもので
はないが、コンクリート材料側に添加するのが好まし
い。
The water-absorbing polymer used in the present invention refers to a water-absorbing polymer having a water-absorbing power of at least 100 times its own weight, such as a graft-polymerized or carboxymethylated starch, a graft-polymerized or carboxymethylated type. Cellulose-based, and polyacrylate-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based,
There are polyacrylamide-based and polyoxyethylene-based synthetic polymer systems. Among them, a polyacrylate synthetic polymer-based water-absorbing polymer, particularly a crosslinked polyacrylate-based synthetic polymer-based water-absorbing polymer, is preferable from the viewpoint of a thickening effect. Although the amount of the water-absorbing polymer used is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably 0.05 to 2 parts, more preferably 0.1 to 1 part, per 100 parts of cement. If the amount is less than 0.05 part, the effect of addition may be deteriorated.
If it exceeds the part, the viscosity may increase and the workability may deteriorate. The method for adding the water-absorbing polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably added to the concrete material side.

【0011】本発明で使用するアルカリ金属アルミン酸
塩(以下、アルミン酸塩という)としては、アルミン酸
ナトリウムやアルミン酸カリウムなどが挙げられる。ア
ルミン酸塩のR2O/Al2O3のモル比は、通常、0.8〜2.6が
好ましく、1.5〜2.0がより好ましい。この範囲外では急
結性が低下する場合がある。アルミン酸塩の使用量は、
セメント100部に対して固形分換算で0.5〜10部が好まし
く、1〜5部がより好ましい。0.5部未満では強度発現
性が得られない場合があり、10部を越えて使用しても急
結効果が向上せず、その後の長期強度発現が遅れる場合
がある。これらのアルミン酸塩は均一に混合できるな
ど、取扱い性、計量性、及び混合性の面や輸送しやすさ
から、水と混合した懸濁液や水溶液にして用いることが
好ましい。
The alkali metal aluminate (hereinafter referred to as aluminate) used in the present invention includes sodium aluminate and potassium aluminate. Usually, the molar ratio of R 2 O / Al 2 O 3 of the aluminate is preferably 0.8 to 2.6, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.0. Outside this range, the quick-setting properties may decrease. The amount of aluminate used is
The amount is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts, more preferably 1 to 5 parts in terms of solid content based on 100 parts of cement. If the amount is less than 0.5 part, strength developability may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 10 parts, the quick-setting effect is not improved, and the subsequent long-term strength expression may be delayed. These aluminates are preferably used in the form of a suspension or an aqueous solution mixed with water from the viewpoints of handleability, meterability, mixing properties, and ease of transport, such as uniform mixing.

【0012】アルミン酸塩に混合する水の量は特に限定
されるものではないが、通常、アルミン酸塩100部に対
して、100〜200部が好ましい。100部未満では懸濁液や
水溶液の粘度が高くなり、送給が困難になる場合があ
り、200部を越えるとコンクリートとして使用した場合
の流動性が大きくなりすぎる場合がある。
The amount of water to be mixed with the aluminate is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably 100 to 200 parts with respect to 100 parts of the aluminate. If the amount is less than 100 parts, the viscosity of the suspension or the aqueous solution becomes high, so that it may be difficult to feed. If the amount exceeds 200 parts, the fluidity when used as concrete may become too large.

【0013】ここで、吸水性ポリマーとアルミン酸塩
を、セメントと水と混練りすると同時に増粘するため、
練混ぜを短時間で行う必要があり、通常、連続練りミキ
サポンプを用いることが好ましい。本発明では、圧送距
離が長くなると施工性が損なわれ、充填不充分となりや
すいため、コンクリートを製造するに当たり、吸水性ポ
リマーとアルミン酸塩を別々に圧送して合流混合するこ
とが必要である。特に、吸水性ポリマーをコンクリート
材料に添加して圧送し、アルミン酸塩を別に圧送し、こ
れらを合流混合してコンクリートを製造することが好ま
しい。合流混合の方法としては、Y字管等の混合管を使
用する方法、二重管を使用する方法、及びアルミン酸塩
の懸濁液や水溶液をシャワー状に合流混合させるインレ
ットピースを使用する方法等がある。また、合流混合後
の管中にスパイラル状のミキサをセットした静止型混合
器でさらに混合する方法も可能である。
Here, the water-absorbing polymer and the aluminate are kneaded with the cement and the water, and at the same time, the viscosity increases.
It is necessary to carry out kneading in a short time, and it is usually preferable to use a continuous kneading mixer pump. In the present invention, when the pumping distance is long, the workability is impaired and the filling is apt to be insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to separately pump and mix the water-absorbing polymer and the aluminate when producing concrete. In particular, it is preferable to add a water-absorbing polymer to a concrete material and pump it, and to separately pump aluminate, and to combine and mix them to produce concrete. As a method of merging and mixing, a method using a mixing tube such as a Y-shaped tube, a method using a double tube, and a method using an inlet piece for merging and mixing a suspension or an aqueous solution of an aluminate in a shower shape. Etc. Further, a method of further mixing with a static mixer in which a spiral mixer is set in the pipe after the combined mixing is also possible.

【0014】本発明のセメント混和材は、吸水性ポリマ
ー1部に対してアルミン酸塩を5〜20部の割合になるよ
うにそれぞれを混合することがより好ましい。5部未満
では強度発現性が得られない場合があり、20部を越えて
使用しても、その急結効果が向上しない。
In the cement admixture of the present invention, it is more preferable to mix the aluminate with the water-absorbing polymer at a ratio of 5 to 20 parts with respect to 1 part. If the amount is less than 5 parts, strength developability may not be obtained, and even if the amount exceeds 20 parts, the quick-setting effect is not improved.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】以下、本発明の実験例に基づいてさらに説明
する。
The present invention will be further described below based on experimental examples of the present invention.

【0016】実験例1 水・セメント比70%のセメントペーストに、表1に示す
吸水性ポリマーを添加し、Y字管の主管にポンプにて圧
送すると同時に、表1に示すアルミン酸塩は50%の水溶
液にして別途ポンプにて圧送し、Y字管の一方より添加
した。その後、ノリタケカンパニーリミテト゛製スタテッ
クミキサで混合しながら混合したセメントペーストを製
造し、空隙間隔5、10、及び20mmで高さ30cmの型枠に充
填し、空隙からの流出深さを観察した。硬化後、脱型し
てセメントペースト硬化体の充填状況を観察した。な
お、比較のため、吸水性ポリマーとアルミン酸塩を使用
しないで同様な実験を行った。その結果を表1に併記す
る。また、吸水性ポリマーとアルミン酸塩を同時に混合
すると、混合した時点でスランプが0になり、充填が困
難となり、ところどころに空隙が残った。
EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1 A water-absorbent polymer shown in Table 1 was added to a cement paste having a water / cement ratio of 70%, and was pumped to the main pipe of a Y-shaped pipe by a pump. % Of the aqueous solution and separately pumped by a pump, and added from one of the Y-shaped tubes. Thereafter, a cement paste was produced while mixing with a static mixer manufactured by Noritake Co., Ltd., and filled into a mold having a gap of 5, 10, and 20 mm and a height of 30 cm, and the depth of the outflow from the gap was observed. After the curing, the mold was removed and the state of filling of the cement paste cured product was observed. For comparison, a similar experiment was performed without using a water-absorbing polymer and an aluminate. The results are also shown in Table 1. In addition, when the water-absorbing polymer and the aluminate were mixed at the same time, the slump became 0 at the time of mixing, filling was difficult, and voids remained in some places.

【0017】<使用材料> セメント :高炉セメントB種、電気化学工業社製 吸水性ポリマー:ポリアクリル酸塩系の合成ポリマー
系、市販品、吸水力自重の300倍 アルミン酸塩:K2O/Al2O3のモル比=1.5の50%アルミン
酸カリウム 水 :水道水
<Materials used> Cement: Blast furnace cement B type, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Water-absorbing polymer: Synthetic polymer based on polyacrylate, commercially available, 300 times the weight of water-absorbing power Aluminate: K 2 O / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio = 50% potassium aluminate with 1.5 water: tap water

【0018】[0018]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0019】実験例2 表2に示す吸水性ポリマーとアルミン酸塩を使用したこ
と以外は実験例1と同様に行った。結果を表2に併記す
る。
Experimental Example 2 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the water-absorbing polymer and the aluminate shown in Table 2 were used. The results are also shown in Table 2.

【0020】[0020]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0021】実験例3 表3に示す吸水性ポリマーとアルミン酸塩を使用したこ
と以外は実験例1と同様に行った。結果を表3に併記す
る。
Experimental Example 3 An experiment was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the water-absorbing polymer and the aluminate shown in Table 3 were used. The results are also shown in Table 3.

【0022】[0022]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】本発明のセメント混和材を用いること
で、型枠の隙間やひび割れなどの隙間から流れ出すこと
なく充分な施工ができる。さらに、地下空隙等の水が存
在する場所に施工する場合は、材料分離することなく安
定した品質のコンクリート硬化体ができる。また、壁、
天井面、地山、及びトンネルの背面の空隙等に施工して
も、ダレたり、剥離することなく充分な施工ができる。
EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By using the cement admixture of the present invention, sufficient construction can be performed without flowing out from gaps in the formwork or cracks. Further, when the work is performed in a place where water exists, such as an underground void, a concrete hardened body of stable quality can be obtained without separating materials. Also, the wall,
Even if it is applied to the ceiling surface, the ground, and the gap at the back of the tunnel, sufficient operation can be performed without dripping or peeling.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) C04B 24:26) C04B 24:26) E 103:40 103:40 111:70 111:70 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C04B 24:26) C04B 24:26) E 103: 40 103: 40 111: 70 111: 70

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 吸水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリ
マーとアルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を有効成分とするセメ
ント混和材。
1. A cement admixture comprising a water-absorbing polymer having a water-absorbing power of at least 100 times its own weight and an alkali metal aluminate as active ingredients.
【請求項2】 セメントと請求項1記載のセメント混和
材を含有してなるセメント組成物。
2. A cement composition comprising a cement and the cement admixture according to claim 1.
【請求項3】 吸水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリ
マーとアルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を別々に送給し、コン
クリート材料と合流混合しながら施工することを特徴と
するコンクリートの施工方法。
3. A concrete construction method characterized by separately feeding a water-absorbing polymer having an absorbency of 100 times or more of its own weight and an alkali metal aluminate, and mixing and mixing with a concrete material.
【請求項4】 吸水力が自重の100倍以上の吸水性ポリ
マーをコンクリート材料に配合して圧送すると共に、ア
ルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を別途送給し、合流混合しなが
ら施工することを特徴とする請求項3記載のコンクリー
トの施工方法。
4. A method in which a water-absorbing polymer having a water-absorbing power of at least 100 times its own weight is mixed with a concrete material and pressure-fed, and alkali metal aluminate is separately fed and combined and mixed. The method for constructing concrete according to claim 3.
JP32679599A 1999-11-17 1999-11-17 Cement admixture, cement composition and application of concrete using the same Pending JP2001146457A (en)

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