JP2000350370A - Battery pack power supply - Google Patents
Battery pack power supplyInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000350370A JP2000350370A JP11157207A JP15720799A JP2000350370A JP 2000350370 A JP2000350370 A JP 2000350370A JP 11157207 A JP11157207 A JP 11157207A JP 15720799 A JP15720799 A JP 15720799A JP 2000350370 A JP2000350370 A JP 2000350370A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery pack
- discharge
- preliminary
- charge
- discharging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電池の使用状況、
温度に応じて予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電の制
御を行う電池パック制御装置に関する。[0001] The present invention relates to the use of a battery,
The present invention relates to a battery pack control device that controls pre-discharge or pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge according to temperature.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】電池パ
ックは、複数のセル（２次電池）を内蔵して、携帯電話
やノートパソコン、プレーヤー、デジタルカメラなどの
携帯型電子機器の電源とする小容量のものから、電気自
動車の電源とする大容量のものまで、様々な電気機器に
採用されている。各種電気機器は、通常起動時に大電流
が流れ、特に電気自動車の場合には、発進の時の数秒と
いう短時間で大電流を必要とする。そのため、対応策と
して、スーパーキャパシタを各セルに並列に接続する等
が考えられるが、十分ではない。例えば−５℃以下の低
温下で電池パックの放電を行う場合、放電電流が大きい
と電池の内部インピーダンスが大きいため、電池電圧の
電圧降下が大きく過放電電圧以下となり、放電できなく
なることがある。2. Description of the Related Art A battery pack contains a plurality of cells (secondary batteries) and is used as a power source for portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, players, and digital cameras. It is used in various electric devices, from small-capacity devices to large-capacity devices used as power sources for electric vehicles. A large current flows through various types of electric equipment during normal startup, and particularly in the case of an electric vehicle, a large current is required in a short time of several seconds at the time of starting. Therefore, as a countermeasure, it is possible to connect a super capacitor to each cell in parallel, but this is not sufficient. For example, when the battery pack is discharged at a low temperature of -5 ° C or lower, if the discharge current is large, the internal impedance of the battery is large.
【０００３】また、電池は、充放電することなく長期間
にわたり放置されると、不活性物質が生成されて劣化
し、温度が高いほど劣化が激しく、満充電状態に近い方
が劣化が激しい。In addition, if a battery is left for a long time without charging / discharging, an inert substance is generated and deteriorates. The higher the temperature, the more severe the deterioration, and the closer the battery is to a fully charged state, the more severe the deterioration.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するものであって、低温下での大電流の放電不能を解
消し、また、長期放置による電池の劣化を防ぐものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to eliminate the inability to discharge a large current at a low temperature and to prevent the battery from being deteriorated due to long-term storage.
【０００５】そのために本発明は、セルの温度を検出す
る手段を有し、外部ホスト機器へ放電する場合において
前記セルの温度が所定値以下のとき、予備放電又は予備
充電又は予備充放電を行った後、前記外部ホスト機器へ
の放電を開始することを特徴とし、前記予備放電又は予
備充電又は予備充放電は、前記セルの温度が所定値を越
えるか、内部インピーダンスが所定値以下になるまで繰
り返し行うことを特徴とするものである。For this purpose, the present invention has means for detecting the temperature of a cell, and performs a preliminary discharge or a preliminary charge or a preliminary charge / discharge when discharging to an external host device when the temperature of the cell is below a predetermined value. After that, the discharge to the external host device is started, wherein the preliminary discharge or the preliminary charge or the preliminary charge and discharge is performed until the temperature of the cell exceeds a predetermined value or the internal impedance becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. It is characterized by performing repeatedly.
【０００６】また、充電又は放電後の経過時間を計測す
る手段を有し、前記経過時間に基づき、充電又は放電後
の経過時間を計測する手段及びセルの温度を検出する手
段を有し、前記経過時間の計測中における前記温度の平
均値に基づき所定値を設定し、前記経過時間が前記所定
値以上になったとき、又は前記経過時間の計測中におけ
る前記温度が所定値以上で所定時間継続したとき、予備
放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行うことを特徴とす
るものである。In addition, the apparatus has means for measuring the elapsed time after charging or discharging, means for measuring the elapsed time after charging or discharging based on the elapsed time, and means for detecting the temperature of the cell. A predetermined value is set based on the average value of the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time, and when the elapsed time is equal to or more than the predetermined value, or when the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time is equal to or more than the predetermined value, the predetermined time is continued. Then, pre-discharge, pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is performed.
【０００７】さらに、主電池パックと、該主電池パック
の充放電回路を有する補助電池パックとからなり、前記
予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電は、前記主電池パ
ックと前記補助電池パックとの間で行い、前記充放電回
路は、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータであり、前記主電池パック
は、外部ホスト機器が装着されていないとき又は外部ホ
スト機器がバッテリ駆動していないときで、且つ残容量
が所定値以下のとき補助電池パックに放電を行って残容
量を０にした後、補助電池パックから充電を行い、外部
ホスト機器が装着されていないとき又は外部ホスト機器
がバッテリ駆動していないときに補助電池パックと所定
容量分の充放電を行うことにより、内部インピーダンス
と開路電圧を算出し、前記補助電池パックは、主電池パ
ックから外部ホスト機器への放電を開始した後、残容量
分を主電池パックに充電することを特徴とするものであ
る。Further, the battery pack comprises a main battery pack and an auxiliary battery pack having a charging / discharging circuit for the main battery pack, and the preliminary discharge or the preliminary charging or the preliminary charging / discharging is performed between the main battery pack and the auxiliary battery pack. The charging / discharging circuit is a DC / DC converter; and the main battery pack has a predetermined remaining charge when no external host device is mounted or when the external host device is not driven by a battery. When the value is equal to or less than the value, the auxiliary battery pack is discharged to reduce the remaining capacity to 0, and then charged from the auxiliary battery pack. When the external host device is not mounted or the external host device is not driven by the battery, the auxiliary battery pack is discharged. By charging and discharging the battery pack with a predetermined capacity, an internal impedance and an open circuit voltage are calculated, and the auxiliary battery pack is connected to an external host from the main battery pack. After starting the discharge to appliance, it is characterized in that charging the remaining capacity in the main battery pack.
【０００８】前記予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電
は、所定の期間繰り返し行い、充電においては、充電開
始電圧と充電停止電圧との間でパルス充電を行い、前記
充電停止電圧に達したとき瞬時的に放電を行うことを特
徴とするものである。The predischarge or precharge or precharge / discharge is repeatedly performed for a predetermined period. In charging, pulse charging is performed between a charge start voltage and a charge stop voltage. It is characterized by performing electrical discharge.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照しつつ説明する。図１は本発明に係る電池パック
電源装置の実施の形態を示す図であり、１は主電池パッ
ク、２、７は制御回路、３、８は充放電用ＦＥＴ、４、
９はセル、５は温度センサ、６は補助電池パック、１０
はＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを示す。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a battery pack power supply device according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a main battery pack, 2, 7 is a control circuit, 3, 8 is a charge / discharge FET, 4,
9 is a cell, 5 is a temperature sensor, 6 is an auxiliary battery pack, 10
Denotes a DC / DC converter.
【００１０】図１において、主電池パック１は、全体を
制御する制御回路２、１乃至複数の直列接続電池からな
るセル４、セルの充放電を行う充放電用ＦＥＴ３、セル
４の温度を検出する手段として温度センサ５を有するも
のである。制御回路２は、セルの電圧、温度、充放電後
の経過時間を計測、監視して充放電用ＦＥＴ３、補助電
池パック６を制御する、例えばマイコンであり、補助電
池パック６の制御回路７、外部ホスト機器（図示せず）
などとバス接続されている。補助電池パック６は、主電
池パック１と同様、制御回路７、セル９、充放電用ＦＥ
Ｔ８を有すると共に、充放電の電流を制御するＤＣ／Ｄ
Ｃコンバータ１０を有し、主電池パック１の予備充電、
予備放電、予備充放電などを行うものである。In FIG. 1, a main battery pack 1 has a control circuit 2 for controlling the whole, a cell 4 composed of one or a plurality of series-connected batteries, a charge / discharge FET 3 for charging / discharging the cell, and a temperature detection of the cell 4. A temperature sensor 5 is provided as a means for performing this. The control circuit 2 measures and monitors the voltage, temperature, and elapsed time after charging / discharging of the cell, and controls the charging / discharging FET 3 and the auxiliary battery pack 6, for example, a microcomputer. External host device (not shown)
And so on. The auxiliary battery pack 6 includes a control circuit 7, a cell 9, and a charge / discharge FE, similarly to the main battery pack 1.
DC / D having T8 and controlling charge / discharge current
Having a C converter 10 for preliminary charging of the main battery pack 1;
Pre-discharge, pre-charge and discharge, and the like are performed.
【００１１】次に、予備充電、予備放電、予備充放電の
制御を説明する。図２は外部ホスト機器へ本放電を開始
する際に温度に応じて行う予備充放電処理を説明するた
めの図、図３は外部ホスト機器へ本放電を開始した後の
充放電処理を説明するための図である。Next, control of pre-charge, pre-discharge, and pre-charge / discharge will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a preliminary charge / discharge process performed in accordance with the temperature when starting the main discharge to the external host device, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the charge / discharge process after starting the main discharge to the external host device. FIG.
【００１２】上記構成において、主電池パック１は、外
部ホスト機器へ放電を行うとき、図２に示すようにま
ず、制御回路２において、温度センサ５によりセル４の
温度を監視し、セル４の温度が所定値以下か否かを判断
し（ステップＳ１１）、所定値以下でない場合には外部
ホスト機器への本放電を開始するが、所定値以下である
場合には、制御回路２からバスを介して補助電池パック
６の制御回路７にコマンドを送ることにより、補助電池
パック６を制御し、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１０を通して
補助電池パック６へ電流を流して電池パック１を所定の
時間予備放電する（ステップＳ１２）。このとき、電池
電圧を監視し（ステップＳ１３）、電池電圧が所定値Ｖ
１以下になったときは、予備放電を終了させて、セル４
の温度が所定値以上か否か（ステップＳ１４）、内部イ
ンピーダンスが所定値以下か否か（ステップＳ１５）を
判断し、セル４の温度が所定値以上か、内部インピーダ
ンスが所定値以下になっている場合には外部ホスト機器
への本放電を開始する。なお、主電池パック１を予備放
電する際、主電池パック１の電池電圧を検出し電池電圧
が所定値Ｖ１以下になったと場合に予備放電を停止し、
電池電圧が所定の電圧Ｖ２以上になった場合に予備放電
を再開させるようにしてもよい。In the above configuration, when the main battery pack 1 discharges to the external host device, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the control circuit 2 monitors the temperature of the cell 4 by the temperature sensor 5 and It is determined whether or not the temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (step S11). If the temperature is not equal to or lower than the predetermined value, the main discharge to the external host device is started. The auxiliary battery pack 6 is controlled by sending a command to the control circuit 7 of the auxiliary battery pack 6 through the DC / DC converter 10, and a current is supplied to the auxiliary battery pack 6 through the DC / DC converter 10 to pre-discharge the battery pack 1 for a predetermined time. (Step S12). At this time, the battery voltage is monitored (step S13), and the battery voltage becomes a predetermined value V
When it becomes 1 or less, the pre-discharge is terminated and the cell 4
It is determined whether or not the temperature of the cell 4 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (step S14), and whether or not the internal impedance is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (step S15). If so, the main discharge to the external host device is started. When the main battery pack 1 is pre-discharged, the battery voltage of the main battery pack 1 is detected, and when the battery voltage becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value V1, the pre-discharge is stopped.
The preliminary discharge may be restarted when the battery voltage becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage V2.
【００１３】しかし、セル４の温度が所定値以上にも、
内部インピーダンスが所定値以下にもなっていない場合
には、制御回路２からバスを介して補助電池パック６の
制御回路７にコマンドを送ることにより、補助電池パッ
ク６を制御し、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１０を通して補助
電池パック６から電流を流して主電池パック１を所定の
時間予備充電する（ステップＳ１６）。このとき、電池
電圧を監視し（ステップＳ１７）、電池電圧が所定値Ｖ
２以上になったときは、予備充電を終了させて、セル４
の温度が所定値以上か否か（ステップＳ１８）、内部イ
ンピーダンスが所定値以下か否か（ステップＳ１９）を
判断し、セル４の温度が所定値以上か、内部インピーダ
ンスが所定値以下になっている場合には外部ホスト機器
への本放電を開始する。しかし、まだ、セル４の温度が
所定値以上にも、内部インピーダンスが所定値以下にも
なっていない場合には、ステップＳ１２に戻って同様の
処理を繰り返し実行する。However, when the temperature of the cell 4 exceeds a predetermined value,
If the internal impedance is not lower than the predetermined value, the auxiliary battery pack 6 is controlled by sending a command from the control circuit 2 to the control circuit 7 of the auxiliary battery pack 6 via the bus, thereby controlling the DC / DC converter. The main battery pack 1 is pre-charged for a predetermined time by flowing a current from the auxiliary battery pack 6 through 10 (step S16). At this time, the battery voltage is monitored (step S17), and the battery voltage becomes a predetermined value V
When the battery charge becomes 2 or more, the pre-charge is terminated and the cell 4
It is determined whether or not the temperature of the cell 4 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (step S18), and whether or not the internal impedance is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (step S19). If so, the main discharge to the external host device is started. However, if the temperature of the cell 4 has not reached the predetermined value or more and the internal impedance has not reached the predetermined value or less, the process returns to step S12 to repeat the same processing.
【００１４】上記のように外部ホスト機器へ本放電を行
うとき、セル４の温度が所定値以下になっていると、予
備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を繰り返し行うこと
により、セル４の温度を上昇させ、しかる後外部ホスト
機器への本放電を開始する。この予備放電又は予備充電
又は予備充放電を行っている間は、外部ホスト機器へ推
定待ち時間の情報やその状態を示す信号（ＢＵＳＹ、予
備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電中であることを表
す）を送る。補助電池パック６は、主電池パック１から
の信号により充放電可能となるものである。これら予備
充電や予備放電、予備充放電は、主電池パック１のセル
４の温度が所定値以上になったとき、又は主電池パック
１の内部インピーダンスが所定値以下になったとき終了
する。When the main discharge is performed to the external host device as described above, if the temperature of the cell 4 is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the pre-discharge or the pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is repeatedly performed to obtain the temperature of the cell 4. , And then the main discharge to the external host device is started. During this pre-discharge, pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge, information about the estimated waiting time and a signal indicating the state (BUSY, indicating that pre-discharge or pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is being performed) are sent to the external host device. ). The auxiliary battery pack 6 can be charged and discharged by a signal from the main battery pack 1. The pre-charging, pre-discharging, and pre-charging / discharging ends when the temperature of the cells 4 of the main battery pack 1 becomes higher than a predetermined value or when the internal impedance of the main battery pack 1 becomes lower than a predetermined value.
【００１５】また、外部ホスト機器へ本放電を行うと
き、主電池パック１が放置されていた期間に応じて予備
放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行う期間を長くする
ように制御してもよい。主電池パック１から補助電池パ
ック６へ予備放電する際、補助電池パック６への充電率
は、所定の充電率より小さくしておく。主電池パック１
は、補助電池パック６の開路電圧を検出し、又は補助電
池パック６と通信し、補助電池パック６の充電率を得る
と共に、主電池パック１と補助電池パック６の充電率を
所定の充電率にするよう制御する。そして、主電池パッ
ク１から外部ホスト機器への放電を開始した後、補助電
池パック６は、蓄えられている残容量分を主電池パック
１に充電する。When performing the main discharge to the external host device, the main battery pack 1 may be controlled such that the period of the pre-discharge or the pre-charge or the pre-charge / discharge is extended according to the period during which the main battery pack 1 is left unattended. . When performing preliminary discharge from the main battery pack 1 to the auxiliary battery pack 6, the charging rate of the auxiliary battery pack 6 is set to be smaller than a predetermined charging rate. Main battery pack 1
Detects the open circuit voltage of the auxiliary battery pack 6, or communicates with the auxiliary battery pack 6, obtains the charging rate of the auxiliary battery pack 6, and sets the charging rates of the main battery pack 1 and the auxiliary battery pack 6 to a predetermined charging rate. Is controlled. Then, after starting discharging from the main battery pack 1 to the external host device, the auxiliary battery pack 6 charges the stored remaining capacity to the main battery pack 1.
【００１６】また、主電池パック１は、図３に示すよう
に外部ホスト機器に装着されているか否か（ステップＳ
２１）、外部ホスト機器がバッテリ駆動しているか否か
（ステップＳ２２）、残容量が所定値以下か否か（ステ
ップＳ２３）を判断し、外部ホスト機器に装着されてい
ないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ駆動していない
ときで、且つ残容量が所定値以下のとき、補助電池パッ
ク６に放電を行い（ステップＳ２４）、主電池パック１
の残容量を０にした後、補助電池パック６から主電池パ
ック１に充電を行って（ステップＳ２５）、その充電量
より残容量を求める（ステップＳ２６）。このことによ
り、主電池パック１は、正確な残容量を検知できるよう
になる。これは、電流積算による容量検出を行っている
場合に有効となる。Whether the main battery pack 1 is mounted on an external host device as shown in FIG.
21) It is determined whether the external host device is driven by a battery (step S22), and whether the remaining capacity is equal to or less than a predetermined value (step S23). When the battery is not driven and the remaining capacity is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the auxiliary battery pack 6 is discharged (step S24).
After the remaining capacity is set to 0, the main battery pack 1 is charged from the auxiliary battery pack 6 (step S25), and the remaining capacity is obtained from the charged amount (step S26). Thus, the main battery pack 1 can accurately detect the remaining capacity. This is effective when capacity detection is performed by current integration.
【００１７】予備充電、予備放電、予備充放電の制御
は、上記のように主電池パック１が外部ホスト機器に放
電する場合だけでなく、長期放置による電池の劣化を防
ぐためにも行われる。図４は放置期間や温度を監視して
予備充放電処理を行う処理を説明するための図である。The control of the pre-charging, pre-discharging, and pre-charging / discharging is performed not only when the main battery pack 1 is discharged to the external host device as described above, but also to prevent deterioration of the battery due to long-term storage. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process of performing a preliminary charge / discharge process by monitoring a leaving period and a temperature.
【００１８】長期放置の監視処理では、図４に示すよう
にタイマによる計時を開始させ（ステップＳ３１）、外
部ホスト機器への本放電や外部の充電器からの充電の有
無を判定して（ステップＳ３２）、充電又は放電中でな
ければ、計測されたセルの温度を記憶すると共に、計時
期間中の温度の平均値を求める（ステップＳ３３）。そ
して、セルの温度が所定値Ｔ１以上か否か（ステップＳ
３４）、ＹＥＳであればさらにセルの温度が所定値Ｔ１
以上になった後の所定値ｔ１以上継続しているか否か
（ステップＳ３５）を判定する。ステップＳ３４、Ｓ３
５でＮＯであれば、温度の平均値が所定値Ｔ２以上であ
るか否かを判定し（ステップＳ３６）、ＹＥＳであれば
長期放置の判定を行う所定値ｔ２を（ステップＳ３
７）、ＮＯであれば長期放置の判定を行う所定値ｔ３を
それぞれ設定して（ステップＳ３８）、タイマによる計
測時間が所定値ｔ２又はｔ３以上か否かを判定する（ス
テップＳ３９）。ＮＯであればステップＳ３２に戻って
計時を続けながら上記の処理を繰り返し実行し、ＹＥＳ
であれば所定の予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を
行う（ステップＳ４０）。In the long-term monitoring process, as shown in FIG. 4, time measurement by a timer is started (step S31), and it is determined whether main discharge to an external host device or charging from an external charger is performed (step S31). S32) If the battery is not being charged or discharged, the measured cell temperature is stored, and the average value of the temperature during the time period is obtained (step S33). Then, it is determined whether the cell temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value T1 (step S1).
34), if YES, the cell temperature further increases to a predetermined value T1
It is determined whether or not the predetermined value t1 after the above is continued (step S35). Step S34, S3
If NO in step S5, it is determined whether or not the average value of the temperature is equal to or more than a predetermined value T2 (step S36).
7) If NO, set a predetermined value t3 for determining long-term leaving (step S38), and determine whether the time measured by the timer is equal to or greater than the predetermined value t2 or t3 (step S39). If NO, the process returns to step S32 to repeat the above-described processing while continuing time measurement, and YES
If so, predetermined pre-discharge or pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is performed (step S40).
【００１９】すなわち、充電も放電もなく長期放置され
た結果、タイマによる計測時間が所定値ｔ２又はｔ３で
設定された所定の時間以上になると、主電池パック１
は、補助電池パックとの間で予備放電又は予備充電又は
予備充放電を行う。このことにより、長期放置され電池
に不活性物質が生成されるのを抑制するので、不活性物
質が生成され電池が劣化するのを防ぐことができる。こ
のとき、セルの温度の平均値が所定の温度（Ｔ２）以上
である場合の長期放置の判定を行う所定値ｔ２は、そう
でない場合の長期放置の判定を行う所定値ｔ３より短く
する。これは、温度が高いほど電池の劣化が激しいため
の処置である。また、主電池パック１の充電率が満充電
に近ければ近いほど、長期放置の判定を行う所定値ｔ
２、ｔ３を短くし、充電も放電後の経過時間を短くして
予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行うようにして
もよい。これも満充電状態に近い方が電池の劣化が激し
いための処置である。That is, if the time measured by the timer becomes longer than the predetermined time set by the predetermined value t2 or t3 as a result of being left for a long time without charging or discharging, the main battery pack 1
Performs predischarge or precharge or precharge / discharge with the auxiliary battery pack. This suppresses generation of an inert substance in the battery after being left for a long period of time, thereby preventing deterioration of the battery due to generation of the inert substance. At this time, the predetermined value t2 for determining the long-term storage when the average value of the cell temperatures is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature (T2) is shorter than the predetermined value t3 for determining the long-time storage otherwise. This is a measure for the higher the temperature, the more severe the deterioration of the battery. In addition, the closer the charging rate of the main battery pack 1 is to a full charge, the more the predetermined value t for determining the long-term idle state.
2. Preliminary discharge or preliminary charge or preliminary charge / discharge may be performed by shortening t3 and shortening the elapsed time after discharging. This is also a measure for the battery being more severely degraded as it is closer to the fully charged state.
【００２０】また、ステップＳ３５でＹＥＳ、つまりセ
ルの温度が所定値Ｔ１以上で所定値ｔ１以上継続した場
合にも、所定の予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を
行う（ステップＳ４０）。これも、温度が高いほど電池
の劣化が激しいための処置である。充電又は放電中（ス
テップＳ３２でＹＥＳ）の場合、ステップＳ４０で所定
の予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行った場合に
は、タイマと温度記憶データをクリアしてステップＳ３
１に戻ってタイマによる計時を再開させ、上記と同様の
処理を繰り返し実行する。Also, if YES in step S35, that is, if the cell temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined value T1 and continues for the predetermined value t1 or more, a predetermined predischarge or precharge or precharge / discharge is performed (step S40). This is also a measure for the higher the temperature, the more severe the deterioration of the battery. If charging or discharging is being performed (YES in step S32), if predetermined pre-discharge or pre-charging or pre-charging / pre-charging is performed in step S40, the timer and the temperature storage data are cleared and step S3 is performed.
Returning to step 1, the time counting by the timer is restarted, and the same processing as described above is repeatedly executed.
【００２１】図５は開路電圧と充放電時の電圧、放電容
量の関係を示す図、図６はパルス充電波形を示す図、図
７は内部インピーダンスと分極による電圧降下の等価回
路を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the voltage and discharge capacity during charge / discharge, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a pulse charge waveform, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a voltage drop due to internal impedance and polarization. is there.
【００２２】主電池パック１は、外部ホスト機器に装着
されていないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ駆動し
ていないとき、図５に示すように所定の容量分主電池パ
ック１から補助電池パック６に放電を行った後、同容量
分充電し、そのときの充放電時の電圧Ｖｃ、Ｖｄ、電流
Ｉｃ、Ｉｄに基づき内部インピーダンスＲｉと開路電圧
Ｖｏを次の算式を用いて算出し残容量を補正する。When the main battery pack 1 is not mounted on an external host device or when the external host device is not driven by a battery, the main battery pack 1 is transferred from the main battery pack 1 by a predetermined capacity to the auxiliary battery pack 6 as shown in FIG. After discharging, the battery is charged by the same capacity, and the remaining impedance is corrected by calculating the internal impedance Ri and the open circuit voltage Vo using the following formula based on the voltages Vc, Vd, currents Ic, Id at the time of charging and discharging. I do.
【００２３】Ｒｉ＝（Ｖｃ−Ｖｄ）／（Ｉｃ＋Ｉｄ） Ｖｏ＝Ｖｄ＋Ｒｉ×Ｉｄ 又は Ｖｏ＝Ｖｃ−Ｒｉ×Ｉ
ｃ 開路電圧の算出において、放電初期時は、Ｖｏ＝Ｖｃ−
Ｒｉ×Ｉｃを使用して算出し、開路電圧波形の一部を得
る（分極の影響により開路電圧が不正確になるのを避け
るため）。そして、基準開路電圧波形に基づき電圧値と
傾斜角を比較して現在の放電容量を得、これを満充電か
ら減算して現在の容量値を算出する。主電池パック１が
外部ホスト機器に放電する場合において、主電池パック
１のセル電圧が所定の電圧以下になっても、主電池パッ
ク１の残量が補正容量以上にならない場合は、補助電池
パック６から主電池パック１への充電を行い、見かけ上
の容量値と実容量値を合致させる。Ri = (Vc−Vd) / (Ic + Id) Vo = Vd + Ri × Id or Vo = Vc−Ri × I
c In the calculation of the open circuit voltage, Vo = Vc−
Calculate using Ri × Ic to obtain a part of the open circuit voltage waveform (to avoid inaccurate open circuit voltage due to polarization). Then, based on the reference open circuit voltage waveform, the voltage value and the inclination angle are compared to obtain the current discharge capacity, and this is subtracted from the full charge to calculate the current capacity value. When the main battery pack 1 discharges to an external host device, if the remaining battery capacity of the main battery pack 1 does not exceed the correction capacity even if the cell voltage of the main battery pack 1 falls below a predetermined voltage, the auxiliary battery pack Then, the main battery pack 1 is charged from 6 to match the apparent capacity value with the actual capacity value.
【００２４】主電池パック１を外部の充電器から充電す
る場合において、充電開始電圧と充電停止電圧との間で
パルス充電を行い、充電停止電圧に達したとき瞬時的に
主電池パック１から補助電池パック６に放電する。これ
は、充電電圧が所定の充電停止電圧に達し一時的に充電
を停止したとき、図７に示す分極による電圧降下の等価
回路のコンデンサに蓄えられる電荷量により図６（Ａ）
に示すように充電開始電圧に低下するまでの充電ＯＦＦ
の時間が長くなるのを短縮するためであり、この分極に
よる電圧降下の等価回路のコンデンサに蓄えられる電荷
量を瞬時的に補助電池パック６へ放電して０とすると、
図６（Ｂ）に示すように充電時間を短縮することができ
る。When the main battery pack 1 is charged from an external charger, pulse charging is performed between a charge start voltage and a charge stop voltage, and when the charge stop voltage is reached, the main battery pack 1 is instantaneously assisted by the main battery pack 1. Discharge to battery pack 6. This is because when the charging voltage reaches a predetermined charging stop voltage and the charging is temporarily stopped, the charge amount stored in the capacitor of the equivalent circuit of the voltage drop due to the polarization shown in FIG.
Charge OFF until it drops to the charge start voltage as shown in
In order to shorten the time, the amount of charge stored in the capacitor of the equivalent circuit of the voltage drop due to the polarization is instantaneously discharged to the auxiliary battery pack 6 and set to 0.
As shown in FIG. 6B, the charging time can be reduced.
【００２５】なお、本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定さ
れるものではなく、種々の変形が可能である。例えば上
記実施の形態では、主電池パック１と補助電池パック６
とを別々の電池パックとしたが、１つの電池パックとし
てもよいし、補助電池パック６を省き、外部から主電池
パック１に対して予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電
を行うようにしてもよい。また、主電池パック１の充放
電回路として補助電池パック６にＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ
を用いたものを示したが、抵抗及びＰＴＣ等の電流制限
素子を用いてもよい。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the main battery pack 1 and the auxiliary battery pack 6
And a separate battery pack. However, a single battery pack may be used. Alternatively, the auxiliary battery pack 6 may be omitted, and the main battery pack 1 may be preliminarily discharged or precharged or precharged / discharged externally. Good. Further, although a DC / DC converter is used for the auxiliary battery pack 6 as the charge / discharge circuit of the main battery pack 1, a current limiting element such as a resistor and a PTC may be used.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば、セルの温度を検出する手段を有し、外部ホス
ト機器へ放電する場合においてセルの温度が所定値以下
のとき、予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行った
後、外部ホスト機器への放電を開始することを特徴と
し、予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電は、セルの温
度が所定値を越えるか、内部インピーダンスが所定値以
下になるまで繰り返し行うので、低温時において、電池
パックの予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電により、
セルの温度を上昇させてから本放電に移行するため、内
部抵抗の増大による電池電圧の急激な減少及び起動電流
不足を解消することができる。しかも予備放電された電
力の一部は、電池パックの充放電効率とＤＣ／ＤＣコン
バータの変換効率による損失により消費されるが、電力
の大部分は補助電池パックに蓄えられた後、主電池パッ
クに戻すことができるので、電力のロスを少なくするこ
とができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, there is provided a means for detecting the temperature of a cell. Discharge to an external host device is started after performing discharge or pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge.The pre-discharge or pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is performed when the temperature of the cell exceeds a predetermined value or the internal impedance Is repeated until a predetermined value or less, at a low temperature, by preliminary discharge or preliminary charge or preliminary charge and discharge of the battery pack,
Since the main discharge is started after the temperature of the cell is increased, it is possible to eliminate a sharp decrease in the battery voltage and a shortage of the starting current due to an increase in the internal resistance. Moreover, a part of the pre-discharged power is consumed due to the loss due to the charging / discharging efficiency of the battery pack and the conversion efficiency of the DC / DC converter, but most of the power is stored in the auxiliary battery pack and then consumed by the main battery pack. , Power loss can be reduced.
【００２７】また、充電又は放電後の経過時間を計測す
る手段及びセルの温度を検出する手段を有し、経過時間
の計測中における温度の平均値に基づき所定値を設定
し、経過時間が所定値以上になったとき、又は経過時間
の計測中における温度が所定値以上で所定時間継続した
とき、予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行うの
で、長期放置により電池に不活性物質が生成されて電池
が劣化したり、セルの温度が高い状態が続き、満充電状
態に近い方になるため電池の劣化が激しくなったりする
のを防ぐことができる。The apparatus further comprises means for measuring the elapsed time after charging or discharging and means for detecting the temperature of the cell, wherein a predetermined value is set based on the average value of the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time, and When the temperature exceeds the predetermined value, or when the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time exceeds the predetermined value and continues for a predetermined time, the pre-discharge or the pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is performed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the battery from deteriorating or the cell being kept at a high temperature and becoming closer to a fully charged state, thereby preventing the battery from becoming severely deteriorated.
【００２８】さらに、主電池パックと、該主電池パック
の充放電回路を有する補助電池パックとからなり、予備
放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電は、主電池パックと補
助電池パックとの間で行うので、補助電池パックは、Ｄ
Ｃ／ＤＣコンバータを内蔵することにより、主電池パッ
クを充電することができると共に、非常時用の充電器と
しても活用できる。主電池パックは、外部ホスト機器が
装着されていないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ駆
動していないときで、且つ残容量が所定値以下のとき補
助電池パックに放電を行って残容量を０にした後、補助
電池パックから充電を行い、外部ホスト機器が装着され
ていないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ駆動してい
ないときに補助電池パックと所定容量分の充放電を行う
ことにより、内部インピーダンスと開路電圧を算出し、
補助電池パックは、主電池パックから外部ホスト機器へ
の放電を開始した後、残容量分を主電池パックに充電す
るので、主電池パックの容量補正も容易に行える。Further, the battery pack includes a main battery pack and an auxiliary battery pack having a charging / discharging circuit for the main battery pack. Preliminary discharge or preliminary charging or preliminary charging / discharging is performed between the main battery pack and the auxiliary battery pack. Therefore, the auxiliary battery pack
By incorporating a C / DC converter, the main battery pack can be charged and can also be used as an emergency charger. The main battery pack discharges the auxiliary battery pack to zero when the external host device is not mounted or when the external host device is not driven by a battery and the remaining capacity is equal to or less than a predetermined value. After that, charging is performed from the auxiliary battery pack, and when the external host device is not mounted or the external host device is not driven by the battery, the auxiliary battery pack is charged and discharged for a predetermined capacity, so that the internal impedance and the open circuit are established. Calculate the voltage,
After the auxiliary battery pack starts discharging from the main battery pack to the external host device, the remaining battery capacity is charged to the main battery pack, so that the capacity of the main battery pack can be easily corrected.
【図１】 本発明に係る電池パック電源装置の実施の形
態を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a battery pack power supply device according to the present invention.
【図２】 外部ホスト機器へ本放電を開始する際に温度
に応じて行う予備充放電処理を説明するための図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram for describing a preliminary charge / discharge process performed according to a temperature when starting a main discharge to an external host device.
【図３】 外部ホスト機器へ本放電を開始した後の充放
電処理を説明するための図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a charge / discharge process after starting a main discharge to an external host device;
【図４】 放置期間や温度を監視して予備充放電処理を
行う処理を説明するための図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process of performing a preliminary charge / discharge process by monitoring a leaving period and a temperature.
【図５】 開路電圧と充放電時の電圧、放電容量の関係
を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between an open circuit voltage, a voltage during charge and discharge, and a discharge capacity.
【図６】 パルス充電波形を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a pulse charging waveform.
【図７】 内部インピーダンスと分極による電圧降下の
等価回路を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a voltage drop due to internal impedance and polarization.
１…主電池パック、２、７…制御回路、３、８…充放電
用ＦＥＴ、４、９…セル、５…温度センサ、６…補助電
池パック、１０…ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main battery pack, 2, 7 ... Control circuit, 3, 8 ... Charge / discharge FET, 4, 9 ... Cell, 5 ... Temperature sensor, 6 ... Auxiliary battery pack, 10 ... DC / DC converter
Claims (15)
ホスト機器へ放電する場合において前記セルの温度が所
定値以下のとき、予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電
を行った後、前記外部ホスト機器への放電を開始するこ
とを特徴とする電池パック電源装置。And a means for detecting the temperature of the cell, wherein when discharging to an external host device, when the temperature of the cell is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the cell performs a preliminary discharge or a preliminary charge or a preliminary charge / discharge, A battery pack power supply device which starts discharging to an external host device.
電は、前記セルの温度が所定値を越えるまで繰り返し行
うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電池パック電源装
置。2. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary discharge, the preliminary charge, or the preliminary charge / discharge is repeatedly performed until the temperature of the cell exceeds a predetermined value.
電は、内部インピーダンスが所定値以下になるまで繰り
返し行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電池パック電
源装置。3. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary discharge, the preliminary charge, or the preliminary charge / discharge is repeatedly performed until the internal impedance becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value.
段を有し、前記経過時間に基づき予備放電又は予備充電
又は予備充放電の制御を行うことを特徴とする電池パッ
ク電源装置。4. A battery pack power supply device comprising means for measuring an elapsed time after charging or discharging, and performing control of preliminary discharging or preliminary charging or preliminary charging / discharging based on the elapsed time.
き、前記予備放電又は予備充電又は予備充放電を行うこ
とを特徴とする請求項４記載の電池パック電源装置。5. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 4, wherein said pre-discharge, pre-charge or pre-charge / discharge is performed when said elapsed time is equal to or more than a predetermined value.
ことを特徴とする請求項５記載の電池パック電源装置。6. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined value is set according to a charging rate.
前記経過時間に応じて前記予備放電又は予備充電又は予
備充放電を行った後、前記外部ホスト機器への放電を開
始することを特徴とする請求項４記載の電池パック電源
装置。7. When discharging to an external host device, discharging to the external host device is started after performing the preliminary discharge or the preliminary charging or the preliminary charging / discharging according to the elapsed time. Item 5. The battery pack power supply device according to Item 4.
段及びセルの温度を検出する手段を有し、前記経過時間
の計測中における前記温度の平均値に基づき所定値を設
定し、前記経過時間が前記所定値以上になったとき、又
は前記経過時間の計測中における前記温度が所定値以上
で所定時間継続したとき、予備放電又は予備充電又は予
備充放電を行うことを特徴とする電池パック電源装置。And means for measuring the elapsed time after charging or discharging, and means for detecting the temperature of the cell, wherein a predetermined value is set based on an average value of the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time, A battery pack that performs predischarge or precharge or precharge / discharge when the time is equal to or more than the predetermined value, or when the temperature during the measurement of the elapsed time is equal to or more than the predetermined value and continues for a predetermined time. Power supply.
電回路を有する補助電池パックとからなり、前記予備放
電又は予備充電又は予備充放電は、前記主電池パックと
前記補助電池パックとの間で行うことを特徴とする請求
項１、４又は８のいずれかに記載の電池パック電源装
置。9. A battery pack comprising: a main battery pack; and an auxiliary battery pack having a charge / discharge circuit for the main battery pack, wherein the preliminary discharge or the preliminary charge or the preliminary charge / discharge is performed between the main battery pack and the auxiliary battery pack. The battery pack power supply device according to any one of claims 1, 4 and 8, wherein the operation is performed between the battery packs.
ータであることを特徴とする請求項９記載の電池パック
電源装置。10. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 9, wherein said charging / discharging circuit is a DC / DC converter.
が装着されていないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ
駆動していないときで、且つ残容量が所定値以下のとき
補助電池パックに放電を行って残容量を０にした後、補
助電池パックから充電を行うことを特徴とする請求項９
記載の電池パック電源装置。11. The main battery pack discharges to the auxiliary battery pack when no external host device is mounted or when the external host device is not driven by a battery and the remaining capacity is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 10. The battery is charged from the auxiliary battery pack after the remaining capacity is reduced to zero.
The battery pack power supply according to the above.
が装着されていないとき又は外部ホスト機器がバッテリ
駆動していないときに補助電池パックと所定容量分の充
放電を行うことにより、内部インピーダンスと開路電圧
を算出することを特徴とする請求項９記載の電池パック
電源装置。12. The main battery pack according to claim 1, wherein when the external host device is not mounted or when the external host device is not driven by a battery, the main battery pack performs charging and discharging for a predetermined capacity with the auxiliary battery pack to reduce the internal impedance. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 9, wherein the open circuit voltage is calculated.
から外部ホスト機器への放電を開始した後、残容量分を
主電池パックに充電することを特徴とする請求項９記載
の電池パック電源装置。13. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 9, wherein the auxiliary battery pack starts to discharge from the main battery pack to an external host device and then charges the main battery pack with the remaining capacity. .
放電は、所定の期間繰り返し行うことを特徴とする請求
項１、４又は８のいずれかに記載の電池パック電源装
置。14. The battery pack power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary discharge, the preliminary charge, or the preliminary charge / discharge is repeatedly performed for a predetermined period.
停止電圧との間でパルス充電を行い、前記充電停止電圧
に達したとき瞬時的に放電を行うことを特徴とする請求
項１、４又は８のいずれかに記載の電池パック電源装
置。15. The battery according to claim 1, wherein pulse charging is performed between a charge start voltage and a charge stop voltage, and discharge is performed instantaneously when the charge stop voltage is reached. 9. The battery pack power supply device according to any one of 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15720799A JP3401517B2 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 1999-06-04 | Battery pack power supply |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15720799A JP3401517B2 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 1999-06-04 | Battery pack power supply |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002310011A Division JP2003143769A (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2002-10-24 | Battery pack power supply apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000350370A true JP2000350370A (en) | 2000-12-15 |
| JP3401517B2 JP3401517B2 (en) | 2003-04-28 |
Family
ID=15644558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15720799A Expired - Lifetime JP3401517B2 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 1999-06-04 | Battery pack power supply |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3401517B2 (en) |
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| KR100498733B1 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2005-07-01 | 혼다 기켄 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Hybrid vehicle and control method therefor |
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| JP2009247057A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-22 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Control device of electric vehicle |
| JP4915480B2 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2012-04-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Lithium ion secondary battery charge retention method, battery system, vehicle, and battery-equipped device |
| CN103178600A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-26 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Power source management system and method |
| JP2018085283A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | マツダ株式会社 | On-vehicle battery control device and on-vehicle battery control method |
| JP2018085282A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | マツダ株式会社 | On-vehicle battery control device and on-vehicle battery control method |
| WO2019230158A1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Temperature raising device for secondary battery, computer program, and method for raising temperature of secondary battery |
| CN112332514A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Storage battery charging and discharging control system and method |
| CN115459412A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-09 | 苏州绿恺动力电子科技有限公司 | Battery pre-discharge control system and control method |
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