JP2000260579A - Lighting method and lighting system - Google Patents
Lighting method and lighting systemInfo
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- JP2000260579A JP2000260579A JP6129399A JP6129399A JP2000260579A JP 2000260579 A JP2000260579 A JP 2000260579A JP 6129399 A JP6129399 A JP 6129399A JP 6129399 A JP6129399 A JP 6129399A JP 2000260579 A JP2000260579 A JP 2000260579A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、明るさ知覚効率の
高い照明方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting method having high brightness perception efficiency.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在、様々な照明用光源及びそれらを用
いた照明器具が開発され、そして利用されている。我が
国において、照明用光源の中でも大量に使用されている
蛍光灯では、蛍光体・電極・封入ガスなどの設計の最適
化で高効率・長寿命が実現されている。また、光源の分
光パワー分布と色の再現性に関する研究に基づき、色彩
をより鮮やかに見せる様々なランプも開発され利用され
ている。照明器具についていえば、反射板やパネルの材
料選定や形状の工夫から、目的に応じた配光特性を有す
るように設計されている。2. Description of the Related Art At present, various light sources for lighting and lighting fixtures using them have been developed and used. In Japan, fluorescent lamps, which are used in large quantities among illumination light sources, achieve high efficiency and long life by optimizing the design of phosphors, electrodes, sealing gas, and the like. Also, based on research on the spectral power distribution of light sources and color reproducibility, various lamps that show colors more vividly have been developed and used. Speaking of the lighting equipment, it is designed to have a light distribution characteristic according to the purpose from the selection of the material and the shape of the reflector and the panel.
【０００３】そして、これら従来の照明用光源及びそれ
ら用いた照明器具は、使用状態においては、つまるとこ
ろ光の放射を行なうものであることは共通している。こ
の光の放射の量は、被照面の明るさと対応している。す
なわち、被照面の明るさを増すためには、より高出力の
光源を用いるか、光利用効率（器具効率）の高い照明器
具を用いる等の方法が用いられている。It is common that these conventional light sources for lighting and the lighting equipment using them emit light in the end of use. The amount of light emission corresponds to the brightness of the illuminated surface. That is, in order to increase the brightness of the illuminated surface, a method of using a light source with a higher output or using a lighting fixture having high light use efficiency (equipment efficiency) is used.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】いずれにしても、被照
面の明るさを増すには、光放射の量そのものを増す以外
に方法はなく、省エネルギーの点からみて好ましい方法
ではなかった。In any case, there is no other way to increase the brightness of the illuminated surface except to increase the amount of light radiation itself, and this is not a preferable method from the viewpoint of energy saving.
【０００５】本発明は、光放射の量を増すことなく、光
放射によって生じる明るさを増すことができる照明方法
及び照明装置を提供することを目的とする。[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting method and a lighting device which can increase the brightness produced by light radiation without increasing the amount of light radiation.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、強度の時間的平均が０．０１〜１０００
０ルクスの範囲、かつ周波数０．１〜１００Ｈｚで強度
が変動する光を少なくとも視対象物を視認させる時点の
５秒以上前から提示することである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for measuring the intensity over time of 0.01 to 1000.
That is, light whose intensity fluctuates at a range of 0 lux and a frequency of 0.1 to 100 Hz is presented at least 5 seconds or more before the time when the visual target is visually recognized.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面を参照しながら説明する。本発明の実施例におけ
る照明方法の概念図を図１に示す。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of an illumination method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【０００８】図１において、横軸は時間、縦軸は照明光
の強度である。視対象物を視認する時点より以前の照明
光を前順応光、視対象物を視認する時点より以後の照明
光を視認用照明光とする。通常の照明方法は、前順応光
と視認用照明光とに同じものを用いることになる。In FIG. 1, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the intensity of illumination light. Illumination light before the time point at which the visual target is visually recognized is referred to as pre-adaptation light, and illumination light after the time point at which the visual target is visually recognized is visual recognition illumination light. In the ordinary illumination method, the same light is used for the pre-adaptive light and the illumination light for visual recognition.
【０００９】いま説明を簡単にするため、視認用照明光
は時間的に強度が変動しない直流光とする。本発明によ
る照明方法は、前順応光として時間的に強度が変動する
光を用いる。時間的に強度が変動している光は、その光
の変動の周波数帯域が１００Ｈｚ以下であれば明るさ強
調効果を有することが知られている（ブリュッケ・バー
トレー効果）。For the sake of simplicity, the illumination light for visual recognition is a DC light whose intensity does not fluctuate with time. The illumination method according to the invention uses light whose intensity varies over time as pre-adaptive light. It is known that light whose intensity fluctuates over time has a brightness enhancement effect if the frequency band of the light fluctuation is 100 Hz or less (Brucke-Bartley effect).
【００１０】しかしながら、このような周波数帯域で強
度が変動する光に対してはフリッカを感じる。このため
視対象物を視認するなどのタスクを行なうための照明光
として実用化されてこなかった。However, flicker is felt for light whose intensity fluctuates in such a frequency band. For this reason, it has not been practically used as illumination light for performing tasks such as visually recognizing a visual target.
【００１１】本発明は、かかる点に鑑み、視対象物を視
認する直前までの前順応光として、時間的に強度が変動
する光を与えることにより、明るい照明環境を提供す
る。In view of the above, the present invention provides a bright illumination environment by giving light whose intensity varies with time as pre-adaptive light until immediately before visually recognizing an object to be viewed.
【００１２】また、視認用照明光に切り替えた後も明る
くみえる。これは、人間の眼の受光器細胞における順応
機構の動的特性によるものである。トーレらの研究（コ
ールド・スプリング・ハーバー・シンポジア・オン・ク
オンティテイティブ・バイオロジイ、５５巻、５６３〜
５７３ページ、１９９０年）によると、光照射量と受光
器細胞の電位応答量との間の増幅率は、受光器細胞内の
カルシウムイオン濃度の値によって決まる。[0012] Further, it looks bright even after switching to the illumination light for visual recognition. This is due to the dynamic properties of the adaptation mechanism in the receiver cells of the human eye. Research by Torre et al. (Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 55, 563-
According to pp. 573 (1990), the amplification factor between the light irradiation amount and the potential response amount of the photoreceptor cells is determined by the value of the calcium ion concentration in the photoreceptor cells.
【００１３】すなわち、低い強度レベルに順応している
ときは、カルシウムイオン濃度の値が高く、光に対する
受光器細胞の電位応答の感度が高いため、少ないエネル
ギーの光でも明るくみえる。発明者は、トーレらの理論
をもとに、様々な時間的変動の光に対するカルシウムイ
オン濃度の値を計算によって求めた。その結果、強度が
時間的に一定の光（直流光）を与えた場合よりも、同じ
時間平均強度でも強度が時間的に変動する光を与えた場
合のほうが、カルシウムイオン濃度が低い、すなわち低
い順応レベルになることを見出した。In other words, when adapting to a low intensity level, the value of the calcium ion concentration is high and the sensitivity of the potential response of the photoreceptor cells to light is high, so that light with low energy looks bright. The inventor calculated the value of the calcium ion concentration with respect to light having various temporal fluctuations based on the theory of Torre et al. As a result, the calcium ion concentration is lower, that is, lower when the light whose intensity fluctuates with time even at the same time average intensity is given than when the light whose intensity is temporally constant (DC light) is given. It has been found that it will be an adaptation level.
【００１４】このことは、時間的に強度が変動する光を
与えた後の白色光が明るく見える現象が過去から報告さ
れていることと一致する（例えば、グースとモクスレ
ー、米国光学会誌、第７２巻、３０１〜３０３ページ、
１９８２年）。This is consistent with the fact that white light appears bright after giving light whose intensity varies with time (eg, Goose and Moxley, American Optical Journal, No. 72). Volume, pages 301-303,
1982).
【００１５】トーレの理論に基づいて試算した照度と順
応レベルとのとの関係を図２に示す。図２において、横
軸は照度の対数値、縦軸は様々な変動の光についての受
光器細胞のカルシウムイオン濃度を計算し、その濃度と
等しいカルシウムイオン濃度となる直流光の照度の対数
値である。すなわち、図２において傾き４５度の直線よ
り下にあれば、時間平均強度よりも低いレベルに順応し
ていることを示す。FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the illuminance and the adaptation level calculated based on Torre's theory. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis is the logarithmic value of the illuminance, and the vertical axis is the logarithmic value of the illuminance of the DC light that calculates the calcium ion concentration of the photoreceptor cells for the light of various fluctuations and has the same calcium ion concentration. is there. That is, in FIG. 2, if it is below the straight line having a slope of 45 degrees, it indicates that the level has been adjusted to a level lower than the time average intensity.
【００１６】曲線１は周波数０．１Ｈｚで強度が変動す
る光（デューティー比１：１の矩形波），曲線２は周波
数１Ｈｚで強度が変動する光（デューティー比１：１の
矩形波）、曲線３は周波数１０Ｈｚで強度が変動する光
（デューティー比１：１の矩形波）について、時間平均
照度と計算によって求めた直流光に換算した照度であ
る。Curve 1 is light whose intensity fluctuates at a frequency of 0.1 Hz (a rectangular wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1), curve 2 is light whose intensity fluctuates at a frequency of 1 Hz (a rectangular wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1), and a curve Reference numeral 3 denotes illuminance obtained by converting the light whose intensity fluctuates at a frequency of 10 Hz (a rectangular wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1) into DC light obtained by calculation with time-average illuminance.
【００１７】図２から、周波数が高くなると効果はなく
なる。逆に低すぎると、明期間と視認用照明光と区別が
つかない。様々な光条件についての計算及び観測から、
強度レベルは０．０１〜１０００ルクス、周波数は０．
１から１０Ｈｚが所望の効果が得られる。ただし、１０
Ｈｚ前後はてんかんを誘発する危険性があるため、周波
数としては５Ｈｚ以下が好ましい。FIG. 2 shows that the effect is lost when the frequency is increased. On the other hand, if it is too low, the bright period cannot be distinguished from the visual illumination light. From calculations and observations for various light conditions,
The intensity level is 0.01-1000 lux and the frequency is 0.1 lux.
A desired effect is obtained at 1 to 10 Hz. However, 10
Since there is a risk of inducing epilepsy around Hz, the frequency is preferably 5 Hz or less.
【００１８】また、周波数があまりに低いと明暗の差が
大きいため、わずらわしさを感じることもある。実際に
これらの周波数で明暗が交代する光を前順応光として観
測した結果、周波数は０．５〜５Ｈｚが最も効果があっ
た。光の強度レベルは、受光器細胞において光を吸収す
る物質（以下、視物質）の濃度が、暗黒時の濃度に対し
て有意に濃度差を生じる０．０１ルクス以上であれば効
果がある。If the frequency is too low, the difference between light and dark is so large that the user may feel troublesome. As a result of actually observing light in which light and dark alternate at these frequencies as pre-adapted light, the most effective frequency was 0.5 to 5 Hz. The light intensity level is effective as long as the concentration of the light-absorbing substance (hereinafter referred to as visual substance) in the photoreceptor cells is 0.01 lux or more, which causes a significant difference in concentration with respect to the dark state.
【００１９】また、強度レベルが高すぎると、ほとんど
の視物質が退色するため、強度を時間的に変動させた光
により低い順応レベルにする効果は飽和する。したがっ
て、理論的には０．０１〜１００００ルクスが好ましい
が、１〜１０００ルクスであればより顕著な効果が得ら
れる。前順応光から視認用照明光に切り替えた後は、視
認用照明光に対しての順応が進む。発明者の試算では、
前順応光によって生じた低い順応レベルの効果が約５秒
間は維持されるが、それ以上では効果が薄い。On the other hand, if the intensity level is too high, most of the visual pigments will fade, and the effect of lowering the adaptation level with light whose intensity has fluctuated over time will be saturated. Accordingly, 0.01 to 10000 lux is theoretically preferable, but a more remarkable effect can be obtained at 1 to 1000 lux. After switching from the pre-adaptation light to the illumination light for visual recognition, the adaptation to the illumination light for visual recognition proceeds. According to the inventors' calculations,
The effect of the low adaptation level caused by the pre-adaptation light is maintained for about 5 seconds, above which the effect is weak.
【００２０】前順応光における強度の時間的変動の周波
数は単一でなくともよい。異なる周波数の変動を混在さ
せるか、もしくは図３のように周波数が時間的に変化さ
せることにより、単一な周波数の変動によって生じる
「単調さ」を解消できる。The frequency of the temporal variation of the intensity in the pre-adapted light may not be single. By mixing fluctuations of different frequencies or by changing the frequency with time as shown in FIG. 3, "monotony" caused by a single frequency fluctuation can be eliminated.
【００２１】また自然界における光は、その強度の時間
的変動の周波数分布密度が周波数の逆数にあることが特
許登録第２６９５２８０号に述べられている。したがっ
て、前順応光における強度の時間的変動の周波数分布密
度が周波数の逆数に比例する、すなわち１／ｆゆらぎの
光とすることにより、自然界における光の変動に近くで
き、不自然な感じのない照明光になる。It is described in Japanese Patent No. 2695280 that light in the natural world has a frequency distribution density of a temporal variation in intensity that is the reciprocal of the frequency. Therefore, the frequency distribution density of the temporal variation of the intensity of the pre-adapted light is proportional to the reciprocal of the frequency, that is, by making the light have 1 / f fluctuation, it can be close to the fluctuation of the light in the natural world and there is no unnatural feeling. It becomes illumination light.
【００２２】視認用照明光は直流光として説明した。こ
れは人工光源では、白熱電球照明光に相当する。本発明
における視認用照明光は、放電灯照明光であってもかま
わない。一般に放電灯は、ランプ内における放電の向き
が１サイクルに２回反転し、それぞれの向きにおいて流
れる電流量が同じである。このため点灯する電源周波数
の２倍の周波数で発光の強度が時間的に変動する。例え
ば、蛍光ランプを５０Ｈｚの商用電源で点灯すると１０
０Ｈｚの光の変動になる。これ以下の周波数の電源で点
灯すると、照明光に対してフリッカを感じるため、放電
灯の照明光における強度の時間的変動は１００Ｈｚ以上
である。The illumination light for visual recognition has been described as DC light. In an artificial light source, this corresponds to incandescent lamp illumination light. The visual illumination light in the present invention may be discharge lamp illumination light. Generally, in a discharge lamp, the direction of discharge in the lamp is inverted twice in one cycle, and the amount of current flowing in each direction is the same. For this reason, the intensity of light emission fluctuates with time at twice the frequency of the power source for lighting. For example, if a fluorescent lamp is turned on with a 50 Hz commercial power supply, 10
A light fluctuation of 0 Hz results. When lighting is performed with a power supply having a frequency lower than this, flicker is sensed for the illumination light, so that the temporal variation of the intensity of the illumination light of the discharge lamp is 100 Hz or more.
【００２３】図４に、本発明の実施例による照明装置の
ブロック構成図を示す。図中１は照明光量制御部、２は
光源である。光源２は、照明光量制御部１からの信号を
もとに照明光量を変化させるものとし、例えば調光用安
定器で点灯した蛍光ランプで構成できる。照明光量制御
部１からの信号の例を図５に示す。FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an illumination light amount control unit, and 2 denotes a light source. The light source 2 changes the illumination light amount based on a signal from the illumination light amount control unit 1, and can be constituted by, for example, a fluorescent lamp lit by a dimming stabilizer. FIG. 5 shows an example of a signal from the illumination light amount control unit 1.
【００２４】図５において、（Ａ）は周波数０．２〜１
０Ｈｚで強度が変動する照明光とするための信号であ
り、（Ｂ）は強度が時間的に変動しない照明光とするた
めの信号である。このように構成することにより、光源
２からの照明光は、信号Ａのときは本発明における前順
応光となり、信号Ｂのときは視認用照明光とできる。観
測者が視対象物を視認する行動と、それ以外の行動とを
分離する適切な手段があれば、その行動に応じて照明光
量制御部１における信号Ａと信号Ｂとを切り替える。In FIG. 5, (A) shows a frequency between 0.2 and 1.
This is a signal for use as illumination light whose intensity fluctuates at 0 Hz, and FIG. 10B is a signal for use as illumination light whose intensity does not fluctuate with time. With this configuration, the illumination light from the light source 2 can be the pre-adaptive light in the present invention when the signal is A, and can be the visual illumination light when the signal B is used. If the observer has an appropriate means for separating the action of visually recognizing the viewing target from the other actions, the signal A and the signal B in the illumination light amount control unit 1 are switched according to the action.
【００２５】図５はそれを簡略化したものであり、信号
Ａと信号Ｂとを５秒おきに交代させる。前順応光と視認
用照明光とが交代するため、観測者は信号Ａによる前順
応光と信号Ｂによる視認用照明光とを交互に見ることに
なる。このとき、前順応光のときはフリッカを感じるた
め、その照明光が前順応光であることがわかり、かつ落
ち着いて視対象物を視認する行動はしない。FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram in which the signal A and the signal B are alternated every 5 seconds. Since the pre-adaptation light and the visual illumination light alternate, the observer alternately sees the pre-adaptive light by the signal A and the visual illumination light by the signal B. At this time, flicker is felt in the case of the pre-adaptive light, so that the illumination light is known to be the pre-adaptive light, and the action of calming down and viewing the visual target is not performed.
【００２６】視認用照明光に切り替わってから、観測者
は視対象物を視認する。このような照明光のもとで、前
順応光はブリュッケ・バートレー効果により時間平均輝
度の同じ直流光よりも明るく見え、かつ低いレベルに順
応する効果を有する。前順応光から切り替わった後の視
認用照明光は、前順応光によって低いレベルに順応した
ことにより、同じ照度レベルに順応した場合よりも明る
く見える状態が５秒間は続く。したがって、前順応光お
よび視認用照明光の双方において、時間平均輝度の等し
い直流光と比べて明るく感じさせることができる。After switching to the visual illumination light, the observer visually recognizes the visual target. Under such illumination light, the pre-adapted light has the effect of appearing brighter than the DC light having the same time average luminance and adapting to a lower level due to the Brucke-Bartley effect. The visual illumination light after switching from the pre-adaptation light has adapted to a low level by the pre-adaptation light, so that a state in which it looks brighter than when the same illuminance level is adjusted continues for 5 seconds. Accordingly, both the pre-adaptive light and the illumination light for visual recognition can be made to feel brighter than DC light having the same time average luminance.
【００２７】観測者が視認行動をしているかどうかは、
例えば眼球運動を解析し、視認行動の特徴である跳躍性
眼球運動の頻度の高さで視認行動か否かを区別すること
ができる。また脳波を計測し、大脳視覚領が活性化して
いる場合を視認行動と判断することもできる。いずれに
しろ、人間の行動を何らかの手段で計測し、そこから視
認行動と他の行動を区別する手段と合わせることによ
り、本発明の効果は顕著になる。[0027] Whether the observer is visually recognizable or not
For example, by analyzing the eye movement, it is possible to discriminate whether or not the eye movement is the visual movement based on the frequency of the jumping eye movement which is a characteristic of the visual movement. In addition, the brain wave can be measured, and the case where the visual region of the cerebrum is activated can be determined as the visual recognition action. In any case, the effect of the present invention becomes remarkable by measuring human behavior by some means and combining it with means for distinguishing visual recognition behavior from other behaviors.
【００２８】ある与えられた状況のもとでは、視対象物
が置かれた被照面と観測者との距離によって、観測者が
視認行動をしているか否かを高い精度で推定することが
できる。例えば、展示ブースなどにおいて、展示されて
いる視対象物に対して観測者が視認行動をする場合は、
立ち止まるか、もしくはよく観察するため接近する行動
を行なう。Under a given situation, it is possible to estimate with high accuracy whether or not the observer is visually recognizing, based on the distance between the illuminated surface on which the viewing target is placed and the observer. . For example, when an observer performs a visual recognition action on an object being viewed in an exhibition booth or the like,
Stop or approach to observe closely.
【００２９】したがって、観測者の移動速度もしくは被
照面と観測者との間の距離を計測する手段を設け、前記
速度もしくは距離に応じて前順応光と視認用照明光とを
切り替えることにより、視認するにあたって視対象物の
明るさを、照明光を操作しない場合よりも高めることが
できる。Therefore, means for measuring the moving speed of the observer or the distance between the illuminated surface and the observer is provided, and by switching between the pre-adaptive light and the illumination light for visual recognition in accordance with the speed or the distance, the visual observation is performed. In doing so, the brightness of the viewing target can be increased as compared with a case where the illumination light is not operated.
【００３０】観測者の移動速度もしくは距離は、例えば
格子縞マスクと焦電型センサを組み合わせた素子によっ
て計測することができる。前順応光の強度は周波数０．
１〜１０Ｈｚで変動しているため、観測者はフリッカを
知覚し、それによって着目する視対象物が存在すること
を予知するきっかけとすることができる。The moving speed or distance of the observer can be measured by, for example, an element obtained by combining a lattice fringe mask and a pyroelectric sensor. The intensity of the pre-adaptive light has a frequency of 0.1.
Since the frequency fluctuates at 1 to 10 Hz, the observer perceives flicker, which can be a trigger for predicting the existence of the target to be observed.
【００３１】展示ブースを例にとれば、観測者が通りか
かっているときはブース内及び視対象物となる展示物の
照明を前順応光とし、観測者が立ち止まるか、もしくは
展示物に接近するときは視認用照明光に切り替えればよ
い。Taking an exhibition booth as an example, when the observer is passing by, the illumination of the booth and the exhibit to be viewed is set to the pre-adaptive light, and the observer stops or approaches the exhibit. May be switched to illumination light for visual recognition.
【００３２】また、前順応光によって照明する場所を通
路部とし、目的場所を視認用照明光とした建築構造物に
よっても本発明の効果は発揮できる。例えば、映画館を
はじめとする娯楽施設において、入口付近を前順応光で
照明することにより、順応レベルを低くできる。このた
め目的とする場所においてすみやかに暗順応を進めるこ
とができる。また、目的場所に到達するまでにフリッカ
を知覚し、それによって、これから提示される娯楽に対
する期待感を盛り上げる効果も有し、娯楽施設の演出効
果が高まる。The effect of the present invention can also be exerted by a building structure in which a place illuminated by the pre-adaptation light is a passage and a destination is illumination light for visual recognition. For example, in entertainment facilities such as movie theaters, the level of adaptation can be lowered by illuminating the vicinity of the entrance with front adaptation light. Therefore, dark adaptation can be promptly promoted at a target place. In addition, flicker is perceived before reaching the destination, which has the effect of increasing the sense of expectation for entertainment to be presented, thereby increasing the effect of the entertainment facility.
【００３３】本発明を玄関などの入口照明に応用した例
について、観測者が入口１０ｍ以内に接近した場合に前
順応光によって照明し、入口２ｍ以内に接近した場合に
視認用照明光に切り替える。人間の歩く速度は１〜１．
５ｍ／秒であることから、入口１０ｍ地点から２ｍ地点
の移動に要する時間は５〜８秒であり、前順応光の提示
時間として適切である。With respect to an example in which the present invention is applied to entrance lighting at an entrance or the like, when an observer approaches within 10 m of the entrance, the observer illuminates with pre-adaptation light, and when approaching within 2 m of the entrance, switches to illumination light for visual recognition. Human walking speed is 1-1.
Since the speed is 5 m / sec, the time required for moving from the entrance 10 m point to the 2 m point is 5 to 8 seconds, which is appropriate as the presentation time of the pre-adaptive light.
【００３４】本発明を部屋の照明に応用した例につい
て、廊下から照明されていない部屋にはいろうとする観
測者がスイッチを入れた時点から５秒以上の間は前順応
光とし、その後に視認用照明光に切り替えることによ
り、部屋内の明るさを高めることができる。Regarding an example in which the present invention is applied to room lighting, pre-adaptive light is used for at least 5 seconds from the time when an observer who tries to enter a room not illuminated from the corridor is turned on, and then is used for visual recognition. By switching to the illumination light, the brightness in the room can be increased.
【００３５】この前順応光について、図６（Ａ）に示す
ように、スイッチを入れてからすぐに前順応光を立ち上
げてもよいし、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、前順応光の強
度を徐々に立ち上げるようにしてもよい。図６（Ｂ）の
場合、視線がスイッチから部屋に向かう最小時間であ
る、跳躍性眼球運動の停留時間０．３秒よりも長く設定
する。また、立ち上がりは前順応光の提示時間５秒より
も短くすることにより、前順応光としての効果を発揮で
きる。As to the pre-adaptive light, the pre-adaptive light may be activated immediately after the switch is turned on as shown in FIG. 6A, or the pre-adaptive light may be started as shown in FIG. May be gradually increased. In the case of FIG. 6B, the stop time of the jumping eye movement, which is the minimum time for the line of sight to go from the switch to the room, is set to be longer than 0.3 seconds. Further, by making the rising time shorter than the presentation time of the pre-adaptive light of 5 seconds, the effect as the pre-adaptive light can be exhibited.
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、強度が変
動する光を少なくとも視対象物を視認させる時点の５秒
以上前から提示することにより、視対象物を明るくみせ
ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the visual object can be made brighter by presenting the light whose intensity fluctuates at least 5 seconds or more before the visual object is visually recognized.
【図１】本発明の実施例における照明方法の概念図FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a lighting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】照度と順応レベルとのとの関係を示す図FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between illuminance and an adaptation level;
【図３】本発明による前順応光の強度の時間的変化の一
例を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a temporal change in the intensity of pre-adaptive light according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施例による照明装置のブロック構成
図FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】（Ａ），（Ｂ）照明光量制御部における信号の
一例を示す図5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating an example of a signal in an illumination light amount control unit.
【図６】（Ａ），（Ｂ）前順応光の立ち上がりを示す図6A and 6B are diagrams showing rising of pre-adaptation light.
１ 照明光量制御部 ２ 光源 1 Illumination light amount control unit 2 Light source
Claims (10)
ルクスの範囲、かつ周波数０．２〜１０Ｈｚで強度が変
動する光（以下、前順応光という）を少なくとも視対象
物を視認させる時点の５秒以上前から提示することを特
徴とした照明方法。(1) a time average of intensity is from 0.01 to 10,000
A lighting method characterized by presenting light whose intensity fluctuates in a range of lux and a frequency of 0.2 to 10 Hz (hereinafter referred to as pre-adaptive light) at least 5 seconds or more before a time point at which a visual target is visually recognized.
数が混在するか、もしくは周波数が時間的に変化するこ
とを特徴とした請求項１記載の照明方法。2. The illumination method according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of temporal variation in intensity of the pre-adapted light is mixed or the frequency varies with time.
数分布密度が、周波数の逆数にあることを特徴とした請
求項２記載の照明方法。3. The illumination method according to claim 2, wherein the frequency distribution density of the temporal variation of the intensity in the pre-adaptive light is the reciprocal of the frequency.
動しないかもしくは１００Ｈｚ以上の周波数で強度が変
動する照明光（以下、視認用照明光という）に切り替え
ることを特徴とした請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の照
明方法。4. An illumination light whose intensity does not fluctuate or whose intensity fluctuates at a frequency of 100 Hz or more (hereinafter referred to as visual recognition illumination light) from the point in time when the visual target is visually recognized. 4. The lighting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
用光源を有し、前記前順応光と視認用照明光とを５秒以
上の間隔をおいて交互に切り替える照明装置。5. An illuminating device comprising an illuminating light amount control unit for controlling an illuminating light amount and an illuminating light source, wherein the pre-adaptive light and the visual illuminating light are alternately switched at intervals of 5 seconds or more.
段を設け、前記距離に応じて前順応光と視認用照明光と
を切り替えることを特徴とした照明装置。6. An illuminating device comprising a means for measuring a distance between an illuminated surface and an observer, and switching between pre-adaptive light and visual illumination light in accordance with the distance.
によって順応する場所を備えた建築構造物。7. A building structure provided with a place adapted by the pre-adapted light according to claim 1.
観測者が入口１０ｍ以内に接近した場合に前順応光によ
って入口周辺を照明することを特徴とした照明装置。8. A means for detecting a location of an observer is provided,
A lighting device characterized in that when an observer approaches within 10 m of an entrance, the area around the entrance is illuminated by pre-adapted light.
上の間は前順応光とし、その後に視認用照明光に切り替
えることを特徴とした照明装置。9. An illuminating device characterized in that pre-adaptive light is used for at least 5 seconds after the observer turns on the switch, and thereafter, it is switched to visual recognition illumination light.
度の立ち上がりが０．３〜５秒の範囲であることを特徴
とした請求項９記載の照明装置。10. The illuminating device according to claim 9, wherein the rise of the intensity of the pre-adaptive light is in the range of 0.3 to 5 seconds from the time when the switch is turned on.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6129399A JP2000260579A (en) | 1999-03-09 | 1999-03-09 | Lighting method and lighting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6129399A JP2000260579A (en) | 1999-03-09 | 1999-03-09 | Lighting method and lighting system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000260579A true JP2000260579A (en) | 2000-09-22 |
Family
ID=13167016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6129399A Pending JP2000260579A (en) | 1999-03-09 | 1999-03-09 | Lighting method and lighting system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000260579A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002336358A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Breathing control method, refreshing method, illumination control method and apparatus |
-
1999
- 1999-03-09 JP JP6129399A patent/JP2000260579A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002336358A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Breathing control method, refreshing method, illumination control method and apparatus |
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