JP2000240707A - Metallic shock-absorbing hollow member - Google Patents
Metallic shock-absorbing hollow memberInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000240707A JP2000240707A JP11045012A JP4501299A JP2000240707A JP 2000240707 A JP2000240707 A JP 2000240707A JP 11045012 A JP11045012 A JP 11045012A JP 4501299 A JP4501299 A JP 4501299A JP 2000240707 A JP2000240707 A JP 2000240707A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow member
- load
- axial direction
- thickness
- shock absorbing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Steering Controls (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、例えば自動車の
フレーム材やバンパー等に用いられる金属製衝撃吸収用
中空材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal shock absorbing hollow material used for, for example, a frame material or a bumper of an automobile.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術及び解決しようとする課題】近年自動車業
界等では、環境問題に配慮して車両重量の軽量化による
燃料消費量の削減を実現するため、フレーム材やバンパ
ー等のアルミニウム化とともに中空化を積極的に進めて
いる。そして、それと同時に、衝突時の乗員保護のた
め、車体の前後(エンジンルームやトランクルーム)に
衝撃によって蛇腹変形するクラッシャブルゾーンを設け
て潰れ易くし、衝突時の衝撃エネルギーを吸収すること
で、衝突安全性を向上している。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the automobile industry and the like, in consideration of environmental issues, in order to reduce fuel consumption by reducing the weight of a vehicle, it is necessary to use aluminum as a material for a frame or a bumper, etc. Is actively pursuing. At the same time, in order to protect the occupant in the event of a collision, a crushable zone is provided in the front and rear of the vehicle body (in the engine room and trunk room), where the bellows deform by bellows, making it easier to collapse, and absorbing the impact energy at the time of the collision. Improves safety.
【0003】しかしながら、従来のフレーム材やバンパ
ー等に用いられる衝撃吸収用中空材は、軸方向のすべて
の部分において肉厚が均等に形成されていたため、衝突
時の衝撃エネルギーの吸収に関して以下のような問題が
あった。However, the conventional shock absorbing hollow members used for frame members, bumpers, and the like have a uniform thickness in all portions in the axial direction. There was a problem.
【0004】すなわち、中空材に圧縮荷重が軸方向に加
わった場合、図6の荷重−変位曲線(W)に示すよう
に、中空材は変形初期の段階のおいて荷重ピークが生じ
た後、平均荷重を一定範囲内で維持する特性を示すが、
このような初期変形の段階において荷重ピークが生じる
と、衝突直後の衝突エネルギーの吸収が不十分となると
いう問題があった。That is, when a compressive load is applied to a hollow material in the axial direction, as shown in a load-displacement curve (W) in FIG. 6, the hollow material has a load peak after an initial stage of deformation. Shows the characteristic of maintaining the average load within a certain range,
When a load peak occurs at the stage of such initial deformation, there is a problem that absorption of collision energy immediately after collision becomes insufficient.
【0005】また、変形初期の段階における荷重ピーク
を抑制するために、図5(a)に示すように中空材(1
1)の肉厚t5を薄く形成すると、図6の荷重−変位曲
線(W1)に示すように平均荷重が下がり、中空材の強
度(耐荷重性)が小さくなるという問題があった。一
方、平均荷重を高く維持するために、図5(b)に示す
ように中空材(21)の肉厚t6を厚く形成すると、図
6の荷重−変位曲線(W2)に示すように荷重ピークが
上がり、衝突直後の衝突エネルギーの吸収がより不十分
になるという問題があった。Further, in order to suppress a load peak at an early stage of deformation, as shown in FIG.
When the thickness t5 of 1) is formed thin, there is a problem that the average load is reduced as shown by the load-displacement curve (W1) in FIG. 6 and the strength (load resistance) of the hollow material is reduced. On the other hand, when the thickness t6 of the hollow member (21) is formed thick as shown in FIG. 5B in order to keep the average load high, the load peak becomes as shown in the load-displacement curve (W2) in FIG. And the absorption of the collision energy immediately after the collision becomes insufficient.
【0006】この発明は、上述の問題に鑑みてなされも
のであって、変形初期の段階における荷重ピークを抑制
し、かつ十分な平均荷重を維持することで、衝撃エネル
ギーを十分に吸収することができて、強度的にも優れた
金属製衝撃吸収用中空材の提供を課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problem, and it is possible to sufficiently absorb impact energy by suppressing a load peak in an early stage of deformation and maintaining a sufficient average load. It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal shock absorbing hollow material that is made and has excellent strength.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は、軸方向の一
部分ないし複数部分に、肉厚が相対的に薄い薄肉部が全
周に亘って形成されていることを特徴とする金属製衝撃
吸収用中空材によって解決される。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a metal shock absorber characterized in that a thin part having a relatively small thickness is formed over the entire circumference at a part or a plurality of parts in the axial direction. It is solved by a hollow material.
【0008】これによれば、圧縮荷重が軸方向に加わる
と、最初に薄肉部が変形するので、変形初期の段階にお
ける荷重ピークを下げることができる。また、さらに圧
縮荷重が軸方向に加わると、薄肉部以外の部分が変形す
るので、平均荷重を十分に維持することができる。この
ため、この衝撃吸収用中空材は、荷重ピークが小さく、
かつ平均荷重が十分に維持された荷重−変位特性を有す
ることになるので、軸方向の圧縮荷重に対して衝撃エネ
ルギーを十分に吸収することができると共に、中空材全
体としての強度を維持することができる。According to this, when a compressive load is applied in the axial direction, the thin portion is deformed first, so that the load peak in the initial stage of deformation can be reduced. Further, when a compressive load is further applied in the axial direction, portions other than the thin portion are deformed, so that the average load can be sufficiently maintained. For this reason, this shock absorbing hollow material has a small load peak,
In addition, since it has a load-displacement characteristic in which an average load is sufficiently maintained, it is possible to sufficiently absorb impact energy with respect to an axial compressive load and to maintain the strength of the hollow material as a whole. Can be.
【0009】また、軸方向の一端から他端に向かって、
肉厚を連続的に減少させることによって薄肉部を形成す
るのが望ましい。これによれば、中空材に圧縮荷重が軸
方向に加わると最小薄肉部分から連続的に変形し、軸方
向の圧縮荷重に対して衝撃エネルギーをよりスムーズに
吸収することができる。Also, from one end in the axial direction to the other end,
It is desirable to form the thin portion by continuously reducing the wall thickness. According to this, when a compressive load is applied to the hollow member in the axial direction, the hollow member is continuously deformed from the minimum thin portion, and the impact energy can be more smoothly absorbed with respect to the compressive load in the axial direction.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】次にこの発明の一実施形態を説明
する。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【0011】図1において、(1)はこの発明の一実施
形態にかかる断面円形のアルミニウム(その合金を含
む)製の衝撃吸収用中空材である。この衝撃吸収用中空
材(1)は、内周面が軸に平行な円柱面(1a)に形成
されると共に、外周面が上部の径小円柱面(1b)とそ
れ以外の径大円柱面(1c)に形成されている。つま
り、中空材の軸方向の一方側の部分(上部)が肉厚t1
の薄肉部(2)となされると共に、それ以外の部分が肉
厚t2の厚肉部(3)となされている。このため、この
衝撃吸収用中空材(1)は、薄肉部(2)によって初期
変形の段階における荷重ピークが抑制された特性を有す
ると共に、厚肉部(3)によって十分な平均荷重を維持
した特性を有することになる。In FIG. 1, (1) is a shock absorbing hollow member made of aluminum (including its alloy) having a circular cross section according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hollow material for shock absorption (1) has an inner peripheral surface formed on a cylindrical surface (1a) parallel to the axis, and an outer peripheral surface on an upper small-diameter cylindrical surface (1b) and other large-diameter cylindrical surfaces. (1c) is formed. In other words, one portion (upper portion) in the axial direction of the hollow member has a thickness t1.
And the other portion is a thick portion (3) having a thickness t2. For this reason, this shock absorbing hollow material (1) has the characteristic that the load peak at the stage of the initial deformation is suppressed by the thin portion (2), and a sufficient average load is maintained by the thick portion (3). Will have properties.
【0012】なお、前記薄肉部(2)は、押出成形等に
よって得られた中空材に、スピニング加工、スエージン
グ加工、プレス加工、切削加工を施すことによって形成
するのが一般的であるが、鍛造法や可変断面押出法等に
よって形成してもよい。The thin portion (2) is generally formed by subjecting a hollow material obtained by extrusion or the like to spinning, swaging, pressing, or cutting. It may be formed by a forging method, a variable cross-section extrusion method, or the like.
【0013】次に、この衝撃吸収用中空材(1)に圧縮
荷重が軸方向に加わったときの変形について説明する。Next, deformation when a compressive load is applied to the shock absorbing hollow member (1) in the axial direction will be described.
【0014】この衝撃吸収用中空材(1)に圧縮荷重が
軸方向に加わると、まず肉厚の薄い薄肉部(2)が軸方
向へ蛇腹変形する。そして、さらに圧縮荷重が軸方向に
加わると、厚肉部分(3)が軸方向へ蛇腹変形し、薄肉
部(2)が形成されていない他方の端部付近の厚肉部
(3)が完全に蛇腹変形したところで中空材(1)全体
の変形が終了する。このとき、衝撃吸収用中空材(1)
は、各蛇腹変形部が側壁全体に亘って軸方向に折り重な
った状態となる。When a compressive load is applied to the shock absorbing hollow member (1) in the axial direction, first, the thin portion (2) having a small thickness undergoes bellows deformation in the axial direction. Then, when a compressive load is further applied in the axial direction, the thick portion (3) is subjected to bellows deformation in the axial direction, and the thick portion (3) near the other end where the thin portion (2) is not formed is completely formed. When the bellows are deformed, the entire hollow member (1) is completely deformed. At this time, hollow material for shock absorption (1)
Is a state in which each bellows deformed portion is axially folded over the entire side wall.
【0015】このように、衝撃吸収用中空材(1)に圧
縮荷重が軸方向に加わると、まず肉厚の薄い薄肉部
(2)が変形するので、変形初期の段階における荷重ピ
ークを抑制することができる。また、さらに圧縮荷重が
軸方向に加わると、厚肉部分(3)が変形するので、平
均荷重を十分に維持することができる。このため、衝撃
吸収用中空材(1)は、図3の荷重−変位曲線(W’)
に示すように、変形初期の段階における荷重ピークが抑
制され、かつ平均荷重が十分に維持された特性を有する
ため、軸方向の圧縮荷重に対して衝撃エネルギーを十分
に吸収することができると共に、中空材全体としての強
度を維持することができる。As described above, when a compressive load is applied to the shock absorbing hollow member (1) in the axial direction, the thin portion (2) having a small thickness is deformed first, so that the load peak in the initial stage of deformation is suppressed. be able to. Further, when a compressive load is further applied in the axial direction, the thick portion (3) is deformed, so that the average load can be sufficiently maintained. For this reason, the shock absorbing hollow member (1) has a load-displacement curve (W ′) shown in FIG.
As shown in the above, since the load peak in the initial stage of deformation is suppressed, and the average load is sufficiently maintained, the impact energy can be sufficiently absorbed with respect to the axial compressive load, The strength of the entire hollow material can be maintained.
【0016】なお、この実施形態では、衝撃吸収用中空
材(1)の軸方向の一端部に薄肉部(2)を形成するも
のとしたが、両端部に薄肉部を形成したり、あるいは図
2に示すように、中空材(4)の中間部に1個ないし複
数個の薄肉部(5)を形成してもよい。In this embodiment, the thin part (2) is formed at one end in the axial direction of the shock absorbing hollow member (1). However, the thin part is formed at both ends, or as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, one or a plurality of thin portions (5) may be formed in the middle of the hollow member (4).
【0017】次に、この発明の他の実施形態を説明す
る。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【0018】図4に示すように、この衝撃吸収用中空材
(6)は断面円形であり、上述と同様の加工により内周
面が軸に平行な円柱面(6a)に形成され、かつ外周面
が円錐外周面と同様のテーパ面(6b)に形成されてい
る。すなわち、前記衝撃吸収用中空材(6)は、肉厚t
4の軸方向の一方の端部(下端部)から、肉厚t3の軸
方向の他方の端部(上端部)にかけて肉厚が連続的に減
少するように形成され、これによって軸方向の一方側の
部分(上側の部分)が薄肉部(7)となされ、それ以外
の部分(下側の部分)が厚肉部(8)となされている。
なお、衝撃吸収用中空材は、外周面が円柱面に形成さ
れ、かつ内周面がテーパ面に形成されたものであっても
よい。As shown in FIG. 4, this hollow material for shock absorption (6) has a circular cross section. The inner peripheral surface is formed into a cylindrical surface (6a) parallel to the axis by the same processing as described above, and the outer peripheral surface is formed. The surface is formed as a tapered surface (6b) similar to the outer peripheral surface of the cone. That is, the shock absorbing hollow member (6) has a thickness t.
4 is formed so that the thickness is continuously reduced from one axial end (lower end) to the other axial end (upper end) of the thickness t3, thereby forming one end in the axial direction. The side part (upper part) is a thin part (7), and the other part (lower part) is a thick part (8).
The shock absorbing hollow member may have an outer peripheral surface formed into a cylindrical surface and an inner peripheral surface formed into a tapered surface.
【0019】次に、この衝撃吸収用中空材(6)に圧縮
荷重が軸方向に加わったときの変形について説明する。Next, the deformation when a compressive load is applied to the shock absorbing hollow member (6) in the axial direction will be described.
【0020】この衝撃吸収用中空材(6)に圧縮荷重が
軸方向に加わると、まず最小肉厚t3である一端部が軸
方向に蛇腹変形する。そして、さらに圧縮荷重が軸方向
に加わると、最大肉厚t4である他端部に向かって連続
的に変形していき、最大肉厚t4の端部付近が蛇腹変形
したところで中空材(6)全体の変形が終了する。この
とき、衝撃吸収用中空材(6)は、各蛇腹変形部が軸方
向に折り重なった状態となる。When a compressive load is applied to the shock absorbing hollow member (6) in the axial direction, one end having the minimum thickness t3 is subjected to bellows deformation in the axial direction. Then, when a compressive load is further applied in the axial direction, the hollow material (6) is continuously deformed toward the other end having the maximum thickness t4, and when the vicinity of the end of the maximum thickness t4 is subjected to bellows deformation. The entire transformation ends. At this time, the shock absorbing hollow member (6) is in a state where the bellows deformed portions are folded in the axial direction.
【0021】このように、衝撃吸収材(6)は、肉厚が
軸方向に連続的に減少するように形成されることよっ
て、圧縮荷重が軸方向に加わると連続的に変形し、軸方
向の圧縮荷重に対して衝撃エネルギーをよりスムーズに
吸収することができる。As described above, since the shock absorbing material (6) is formed so that the thickness thereof is continuously reduced in the axial direction, the shock absorbing material (6) is continuously deformed when a compressive load is applied in the axial direction, and is continuously deformed in the axial direction. The impact energy can be more smoothly absorbed with respect to the compression load.
【0022】なお、いずれの実施形態においても、衝撃
吸収用中空材(1)(6)の断面形状を円形としたが、
多角形であってもよい。また、衝撃吸収用中空材(1)
(6)はアルミニウムから作製されるものとしたが、銅
などそのほかの金属から作製されるものであってもよ
い。In each of the embodiments, the cross section of the shock absorbing hollow members (1) and (6) is circular.
It may be a polygon. In addition, hollow material for shock absorption (1)
Although (6) is made of aluminum, it may be made of other metals such as copper.
【0023】また、衝撃吸収用中空材の最小肉厚t m i
nは、最大肉厚t m a xに対して以下の範囲内に設定さ
れているのが望ましい。これら最小肉厚t m i n及び最
大肉厚t m a xは、図1及び図2に示した実施形態で
は、中空材(1)の薄肉部(2)の肉厚t1及び厚肉部
(3)の肉厚t2に相当し、図4に示した実施形態で
は、中空材(6)の軸方向の一方の端部の肉厚t3及び
他方の端部の肉厚t4に相当する。The minimum thickness t of the shock absorbing hollow material m i
n is the maximum thickness t m a It is desirable that x is set within the following range. These minimum thicknesses t m i n and maximum thickness t m a In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, x corresponds to the thickness t1 of the thin portion (2) and the thickness t2 of the thick portion (3) of the hollow member (1), and is shown in FIG. In the embodiment, the thickness corresponds to the thickness t3 of one end in the axial direction of the hollow member (6) and the thickness t4 of the other end.
【0024】 0.05t m a x<t m i n<0.95t m a x t m i n:最小肉厚 t m a x:最大肉厚 このような範囲としたのは、最小肉厚t m i nが0.0
5t m a x 以下であると、 肉厚が薄くなりすぎ中空材
の薄肉部の形成が困難になるからであり、また最小肉厚
t m i nが0.95t m a x以上であると、変形初期変
形の段階において荷重ピークを抑制する効果がほとんど
確保できないからである。[0024] 0.05t m a x <t m i n <0.95t m a x t m i n : minimum thickness t m a x : Maximum thickness The range was set as the minimum thickness t. m i n is 0.0
5t m a When the thickness is less than x , the thickness becomes too thin, and it becomes difficult to form a thin portion of the hollow material, and the minimum thickness t m i n is 0.95t m a This is because if it is not less than x , the effect of suppressing the load peak at the stage of the initial deformation can hardly be secured.
【0025】なお、薄肉部の形成の困難を回避し、かつ
荷重ピークを抑制する効果をより発揮するために、最小
肉厚t m i nは最大肉厚t m a xに対して以下の範囲内
となるのが最も好ましい。In order to avoid the difficulty of forming a thin portion and more effectively suppress the load peak, the minimum thickness t m i n is the maximum thickness t m a Most preferably, x is within the following range.
【0026】 0.30t m a x<t m i n<0.70t m a x 0.30t m a x <t m i n <0.70t m a x
【0027】[0027]
【発明の効果】この発明に係る衝撃吸収用中空材は、荷
重ピークが小さく、かつ平均荷重が十分に維持された荷
重−変位特性を有することになるので、軸方向の圧縮荷
重に対して衝撃エネルギーを十分に吸収することができ
ると共に、中空材全体としての強度を維持することがで
きる。従って、この衝撃吸収用金属製中空材を自動車の
フレームやバンパー等に適用すれば、衝突安全性性能を
より向上することができ、乗員を衝撃からより確実に保
護することができる。The hollow material for shock absorption according to the present invention has a load-displacement characteristic in which the load peak is small and the average load is sufficiently maintained. Energy can be sufficiently absorbed, and the strength of the hollow material as a whole can be maintained. Therefore, if this metal hollow material for impact absorption is applied to an automobile frame, a bumper, or the like, the collision safety performance can be further improved, and the occupant can be more reliably protected from impact.
【0028】また、請求項2にかかる発明によれば、中
空材に圧縮荷重が軸方向に加わると連続的に変形し、軸
方向の圧縮荷重に対して衝撃エネルギーをよりスムーズ
に吸収することができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a compressive load is applied to the hollow member in the axial direction, the hollow member is continuously deformed, and the impact energy can be more smoothly absorbed by the compressive load in the axial direction. it can.
【図1】この発明の一実施形態に係る衝撃吸収用中空材
の斜視図及び縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a shock absorbing hollow member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】この発明の他の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収用中空
材の斜視図及び縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a shock absorbing hollow member according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】図1の衝撃吸収用中空材の荷重−変位特性を示
す図である。FIG. 3 is a view showing load-displacement characteristics of the shock absorbing hollow member of FIG. 1;
【図4】この発明のさらに他の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収
用中空材の斜視図及び縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a shock absorbing hollow member according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】従来の衝撃吸収用中空材の斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional shock absorbing hollow material.
【図6】図5の衝撃吸収用中空材の荷重−変位特性を示
す図である。FIG. 6 is a view showing a load-displacement characteristic of the shock absorbing hollow member of FIG. 5;
1・・・衝撃吸収用中空材 2・・・薄肉部 3・・・厚肉部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hollow material for shock absorption 2 ... Thin part 3 ... Thick part
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) // B60R 19/04 B60R 19/04 M B62D 1/19 B62D 1/19 (72)発明者 佐藤 昭一 堺市海山町6丁224番地 昭和アルミニウ ム株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 3D030 DE33 3J066 AA02 BA04 BB01 BC01 BD07 BF04 BG01 Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) // B60R 19/04 B60R 19/04 M B62D 1/19 B62D 1/19 (72) Inventor Shoichi Sato Kaiyamacho, Sakai City 6-224 Address Showa Aluminum Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3D030 DE33 3J066 AA02 BA04 BB01 BC01 BD07 BF04 BG01
Claims (2)
が相対的に薄い薄肉部が全周に亘って形成されているこ
とを特徴とする金属製衝撃吸収用中空材。1. A metal shock absorbing hollow material characterized in that a thin portion having a relatively small thickness is formed over the entire circumference at a part or a plurality of parts in an axial direction.
が連続的に減少している請求項1に記載の金属製衝撃吸
収材用中空材。2. The hollow material for a metal shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is continuously reduced from one end to the other end in the axial direction.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP11045012A JP2000240707A (en) | 1999-02-23 | 1999-02-23 | Metallic shock-absorbing hollow member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11045012A JP2000240707A (en) | 1999-02-23 | 1999-02-23 | Metallic shock-absorbing hollow member |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2000240707A true JP2000240707A (en) | 2000-09-05 |
JP2000240707A5 JP2000240707A5 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
Family
ID=12707460
Family Applications (1)
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JP11045012A Pending JP2000240707A (en) | 1999-02-23 | 1999-02-23 | Metallic shock-absorbing hollow member |
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JP (1) | JP2000240707A (en) |
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