JP2000225097A - Portable blood pressure gauge - Google Patents
Portable blood pressure gaugeInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000225097A JP2000225097A JP11027558A JP2755899A JP2000225097A JP 2000225097 A JP2000225097 A JP 2000225097A JP 11027558 A JP11027558 A JP 11027558A JP 2755899 A JP2755899 A JP 2755899A JP 2000225097 A JP2000225097 A JP 2000225097A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pulse wave
- blood pressure
- calculating
- blood
- output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は人が携帯して血圧を
測定する携帯型血圧計に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure while being carried by a person.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の一般的な家庭用血圧計は、カフを
用いて人体の四肢を加圧し心臓の拍動により発生し血圧
とカフ圧との関係により変化する振動や音を用いて被験
者の収縮期血圧や拡張期血圧を決定するオシロメトリッ
ク法や聴診法が用いられる事が多い。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional general home sphygmomanometer uses a cuff to pressurize the limbs of a human body and generate vibrations and sounds generated by the pulsation of the heart and changed according to the relationship between blood pressure and cuff pressure. Oscillometric and auscultatory methods for determining systolic and diastolic blood pressure are often used.
【０００３】また、カフ加圧によらない携帯型血圧計と
して、たとえば特開平７−８８０９０号公報に記載され
ているような構成のものが存在していた。図６に従来例
の携帯型血圧計のブロック図を示す。As a portable sphygmomanometer that does not rely on cuff pressurization, there has been a portable sphygmomanometer having a configuration as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-88090. FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a conventional portable blood pressure monitor.
【０００４】図６において、１は心電波を検出する検出
電極、２は検出電極１を用いて心電波を検出するための
制御を行う心電波検出制御部、３は血管内の血流の脈流
を検知する光学素子部、４は光学素子部３を用いて血流
の脈流を検出するための制御を行う光学検出制御部、５
は必要な操作信号を入力するキー入力部、６は全体の制
御を行う制御部、７は制御部６の動作クロックを決定す
る分周回路、８は分周回路７の動作の基本信号を供給す
る発振器、９は必要な情報を記憶するＲＡＭ、１０動作
プログラムを格納するＲＯＭ、１１は血圧値等の情報を
表示する表示器、１２は表示器を制御するドライバであ
り、これらは手首に腕時計と同様の形態で被験者に装着
されている。In FIG. 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a detection electrode for detecting a heart radio wave, 2 denotes a heart radio wave detection control unit which performs control for detecting a heart radio wave using the detection electrode 1, and 3 denotes a pulse of blood flow in a blood vessel. An optical element section 4 for detecting a flow; an optical detection control section 5 for performing control for detecting a pulsating blood flow using the optical element section 3;
Is a key input section for inputting necessary operation signals, 6 is a control section for performing overall control, 7 is a frequency dividing circuit for determining an operation clock of the control section 6, and 8 is a basic signal for operation of the frequency dividing circuit 7 An oscillator 9, a RAM for storing necessary information, a ROM for storing an operation program, a display 11 for displaying information such as a blood pressure value, a driver 12 for controlling the display, and a wristwatch on the wrist. It is worn on the subject in the same manner as described above.
【０００５】この従来例では被験者の心電波と末梢部の
血液の脈流を検出して両者の時間差を算出し、この時間
差が血圧の高さに反比例することを用いて被験者の血圧
を算出している。すなわち、あらかじめ被験者の血圧測
定と同時に心電波と末梢部の血液の脈流を検出して両者
の時間差を算出してＲＡＭ９に測定した血圧値とともに
記憶させ、これらの情報と後に新たに得られた心電波と
末梢部の血液の脈流の時間差からその時点の被験者の血
圧値を算出し、カフ加圧によらず血圧値の測定を可能に
している。In this conventional example, the subject's heart radio wave and the pulsating flow of peripheral blood are detected to calculate the time difference between the two, and the blood pressure of the subject is calculated using the fact that this time difference is inversely proportional to the height of the blood pressure. ing. That is, simultaneously with the measurement of the blood pressure of the subject, the pulse wave of the cardiac radio wave and the peripheral blood is detected, the time difference between the two is calculated and stored together with the measured blood pressure value in the RAM 9, and these information and the newly obtained information are obtained later. The blood pressure value of the subject at that time is calculated from the time difference between the electrocardiogram and the pulse flow of the peripheral blood, and the blood pressure value can be measured without using the cuff pressure.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の一般の
血圧計では、カフによる加圧が必要であり、カフの圧迫
による不快感があるほか連続的な測定ができない課題が
あった。また、従来のカフを使用しない携帯型血圧計に
おいては、測定の度に心電波と脈波の両方を検出するた
め血圧計を装着していない側の指を心電波検出電極対と
脈波採取用光学素子に同時に当てる必要があり、連続的
な測定が困難であるほか、一方の測定でエラーが発生し
やすいという課題があった。However, the conventional general sphygmomanometer requires pressurization by a cuff, and there is a problem that discomfort due to compression of the cuff and continuous measurement cannot be performed. In addition, in a conventional portable blood pressure monitor that does not use a cuff, a finger on which a blood pressure monitor is not attached is used to detect a pulse wave and a heart wave detection electrode pair in order to detect both a cardiac wave and a pulse wave at each measurement. It has to be applied to the optical elements for measurement at the same time, so that there is a problem that continuous measurement is difficult and an error easily occurs in one of the measurements.
【０００７】そこで、本発明の目的は、カフを用いずに
簡便かつ連続的に被験者の血圧を測定可能な携帯型血圧
計を提供する事にある。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a portable sphygmomanometer capable of simply and continuously measuring the blood pressure of a subject without using a cuff.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明の携帯型血圧計は、人体の四肢の一部に装着し
て加圧することにより装着部位よりも心臓から遠い側へ
の血液循環を阻害させる圧力印加手段と、前記圧力印加
手段に必要な圧力を発生させ供給する加圧手段と、前記
圧力印加手段が前記人体に加える圧力を検出する圧力検
出手段と、前記圧力印加手段よりも心臓から遠い側にあ
る部位に装着され血液循環により生ずる脈波を採取して
出力する脈波採取手段と、前記圧力検出手段の出力と前
記脈波採取手段の出力から前記人体の末梢血管の性状を
判定する血管性状判定手段と、前記血管性状判定手段の
出力から前記脈波採取手段の出力を用いて前記人体の血
圧を算出するための算出式を決定する算出式決定手段
と、前記算出式決定手段で決定された算出式を記憶する
記憶手段と、前記記憶手段が記憶した算出式を用いて前
記脈波採取手段の出力を演算し前記人体の血圧値を算出
する演算手段とからなる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a portable blood pressure monitor according to the present invention is mounted on a part of the limb of a human body and pressurized so that the blood moves to a side farther from the heart than the mounted part. A pressure applying unit that inhibits circulation, a pressurizing unit that generates and supplies a necessary pressure to the pressure applying unit, a pressure detecting unit that detects a pressure applied to the human body by the pressure applying unit, and a pressure applying unit. A pulse wave collecting means which is attached to a site remote from the heart and collects and outputs a pulse wave generated by blood circulation, and a peripheral blood vessel of the human body from the output of the pressure detecting means and the output of the pulse wave collecting means. Blood vessel property determining means for determining properties; calculation formula determining means for determining a calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body from the output of the blood vessel property determining means using the output of the pulse wave collecting means; and Formula determination Storage means for storing the stage calculation equation determined by, and a calculating means for calculating a blood pressure value calculation above human body an output of the pulse wave sampling means using said memory means calculation formula stored.
【０００９】上記発明によれば、人体の脈波を採取する
位置より上流側を加圧手段により加圧することにより血
液の持つ運動エネルギを減衰させる事により、加圧手段
より末梢側にかかる血圧を見かけ上減圧させることがで
きるので、通常の血圧より低下した時の脈波を採取して
その変化を演算する事により末梢血管の性状を判定する
ことができる。このように得た脈波を採取する部位の末
梢血管性状と血圧測定時の脈波波形とから血圧算出式を
求め、新たに得られた脈波波形からその血圧算出式を用
いて血圧を算出するので、個人の血管性状の違いによる
脈波形状の変化に影響されることなく、カフを用いずに
簡便かつ連続的に被験者の血圧を測定可能な携帯型血圧
計を提供できる。According to the invention, the kinetic energy of the blood is attenuated by pressurizing the upstream side of the position where the pulse wave of the human body is collected by the pressurizing means, so that the blood pressure applied to the peripheral side from the pressurizing means is reduced. Since the pressure can be apparently reduced, the properties of the peripheral blood vessels can be determined by collecting the pulse wave when the blood pressure falls below the normal blood pressure and calculating the change. A blood pressure calculation formula is obtained from the peripheral blood vessel characteristics obtained at the site where the pulse wave is collected and the pulse wave waveform at the time of blood pressure measurement, and the blood pressure is calculated from the newly obtained pulse wave waveform using the blood pressure calculation formula. Therefore, it is possible to provide a portable sphygmomanometer that can easily and continuously measure the blood pressure of a subject without using a cuff without being affected by a change in pulse wave shape due to a difference in blood vessel characteristics of an individual.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の請求項１にかかる携帯型
血圧計は、人体の四肢の一部に装着して加圧することに
より装着部位よりも心臓から遠い側への血液循環を阻害
させる圧力印加手段と、前記圧力印加手段に必要な圧力
を発生させ供給する加圧手段と、前記圧力印加手段が前
記人体に加える圧力を検出する圧力検出手段と、前記圧
力印加手段よりも心臓から遠い側にある部位に装着され
血液循環により生ずる脈波を採取して出力する脈波採取
手段と、前記圧力検出手段の出力と前記脈波採取手段の
出力から前記人体の末梢血管の性状を判定する血管性状
判定手段と、前記血管性状判定手段の出力から前記脈波
採取手段の出力を用いて前記人体の血圧を算出するため
の算出式を決定する算出式決定手段と、前記算出式決定
手段で決定された算出式を記憶する記憶手段と、前記記
憶手段が記憶した算出式を用いて前記脈波採取手段の出
力を演算し前記人体の血圧値を算出する演算手段とから
なる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 1 of the present invention is mounted on a part of a limb of a human body and pressurized to inhibit blood circulation to a side farther from a heart than a mounting site. Pressure applying means, pressurizing means for generating and supplying necessary pressure to the pressure applying means, pressure detecting means for detecting pressure applied to the human body by the pressure applying means, and farther from the heart than the pressure applying means A pulse wave collecting means which is attached to a part on the side and collects and outputs a pulse wave generated by blood circulation, and determines the properties of peripheral blood vessels of the human body from the output of the pressure detecting means and the output of the pulse wave collecting means. Vascular property determining means, calculation formula determining means for determining a calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using the output of the pulse wave collecting means from the output of the vascular property determining means, and the calculation formula determining means It has been determined Storage means for storing Deshiki, and a calculating means for calculating a blood pressure value calculation above human body an output of the pulse wave sampling means using said memory means calculation formula stored.
【００１１】そして、あらかじめ脈波を採取する部位の
末梢血管性状と血圧測定時の脈波波形とから血圧算出式
を求め、新たに得られた脈波波形からその血圧算出式を
用いて血圧を算出するので、個人の血管性状の違いによ
る脈波形状の変化に影響されることなく、カフを用いず
に簡便かつ連続的に被験者の血圧を算出できる。Then, a blood pressure calculation formula is obtained in advance from the peripheral blood vessel properties at the site where the pulse wave is collected and the pulse wave waveform at the time of blood pressure measurement, and the blood pressure is calculated from the newly obtained pulse wave waveform using the blood pressure calculation formula. Since the calculation is performed, the blood pressure of the subject can be easily and continuously calculated without using the cuff without being affected by the change in the pulse wave shape due to the difference in the blood vessel properties of the individual.
【００１２】また、本発明の請求項２にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、圧力検出手段の出力から血圧値を算出する血圧
値決定手段を持ち、算出式決定手段は血管性状判定手段
の出力と前記血圧値決定手段の出力とから脈波採取手段
の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定す
る。The portable sphygmomanometer according to a second aspect of the present invention has a blood pressure value determining means for calculating a blood pressure value from an output of the pressure detecting means. A calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body is determined from the output of the blood pressure value determining means and the output of the pulse wave collecting means.
【００１３】そして、血管性状を測定する際の被験者の
血圧値を算出して血圧値の算出式を決定するので、血管
性状を測定した時との状態の差から血圧値の差を算出し
て任意の時点の血圧値を算出する事ができ、容易かつ正
確な血圧値を算出できる。Then, the blood pressure value of the subject at the time of measuring the blood vessel properties is calculated to determine the formula for calculating the blood pressure value. Therefore, the difference of the blood pressure value is calculated from the difference between the state at the time of measuring the blood vessel properties and the state. The blood pressure value at any time can be calculated, and the blood pressure value can be calculated easily and accurately.
【００１４】また、本発明の請求項３にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、脈波採取手段が人体の指基部に装着される。In a portable blood pressure monitor according to a third aspect of the present invention, the pulse wave collecting means is mounted on a finger base of a human body.
【００１５】そして、脈波採取手段を人の動作の邪魔に
ならずかつ安定した脈波が採取できる指基部に装着して
血圧を算出するので、携帯が容易でかつ正確な血圧値を
算出できる。The blood pressure is calculated by attaching the pulse wave collecting means to the base of the finger from which a stable pulse wave can be collected without obstructing the operation of a person, so that the blood pressure value can be calculated easily and accurately. .
【００１６】また、本発明の請求項４にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、脈波採取手段と記憶手段と演算手段が他の部分
から分離可能で、前記脈波採取手段により新たに採取さ
れた脈波と前記記憶手段に記憶された情報とから前記演
算手段により人体の血圧値を演算して出力する。In the portable sphygmomanometer according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the pulse wave collecting means, the storage means, and the calculating means can be separated from other parts, and the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collecting means can be separated. The arithmetic means calculates and outputs a blood pressure value of a human body from the waves and the information stored in the storage means.
【００１７】そして、脈波採取手段と記憶手段と演算手
段のみ携帯すればよいので、携帯性のよい携帯型血圧計
を提供できる。Since only the pulse wave collecting means, the storing means and the calculating means need to be carried, a portable sphygmomanometer with good portability can be provided.
【００１８】また、本発明の請求項５にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、脈波採取手段は発光手段により生体内に光を放
射して生体内で吸収を受けた光の量の変化を受光手段に
より電気的な信号に変換して出力する光電容積脈波計で
あり、前記発光手段は複数の波長光を時間的に切り替え
て生体に放射し、算出式決定手段はそれぞれの波長光に
対する受光手段の出力を用いて算出式を決定し、演算手
段はそれぞれの波長光に対する受光手段の出力を用いて
人体の血圧値を算出する。In the portable blood pressure monitor according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the pulse wave collecting means emits light into the living body by the light emitting means and detects a change in the amount of light absorbed in the living body by the light receiving means. A photoelectric volumetric pulse wave meter which converts the light into an electric signal and outputs the light, wherein the light emitting means irradiates the living body by switching a plurality of wavelength lights temporally, and the calculation formula determining means comprises a light receiving means for each wavelength light The calculation means is determined by using the output of the light source, and the calculating means calculates the blood pressure value of the human body by using the output of the light receiving means for each wavelength light.
【００１９】そして、生体への透過量の異なる様々な波
長の光を切り替えて処理するので、生体内部の生理状態
を詳しく知ることができ正確な血圧値を算出できる。Since light of various wavelengths having different transmission amounts to the living body is switched and processed, the physiological state inside the living body can be known in detail, and an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００２０】また、本発明の請求項６にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、演算手段は、得られた脈波波形から末梢血管の
総ヘモグロビン量を算出する総ヘモグロビン量算出手段
を持ち、算出式決定手段では前記総ヘモグロビン量算出
手段の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定
し、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈波から
その時点における末梢血管の総ヘモグロビン量を算出し
この値を記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入することに
より血圧値を算出する。In a portable blood pressure monitor according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the calculating means has a total hemoglobin amount calculating means for calculating a total hemoglobin amount of a peripheral blood vessel from the obtained pulse wave waveform, and the calculation formula is determined. The means determines a calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using the output of the total hemoglobin amount calculation means, and the calculation means calculates the total hemoglobin amount of the peripheral blood vessels at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection means. The blood pressure value is calculated by calculating and substituting this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means.
【００２１】そして、血管性状判定手段で得た人体の血
管性状と、脈波採取手段から得た末梢血管の総ヘモグロ
ビンの量から血圧の増減による血液の増減を検出し人体
の血圧を算出するので、正確な血圧値を算出できる。The blood pressure of the human body is calculated by detecting an increase or decrease in blood due to an increase or decrease in blood pressure from the blood vessel properties of the human body obtained by the blood vessel property determination means and the total hemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessels obtained from the pulse wave collection means. , An accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００２２】また、本発明の請求項７にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、演算手段は得られた脈波波形から末梢血管の酸
化ヘモグロビン量を算出する総ヘモグロビン量算出手段
を持ち、算出式決定手段では前記酸化ヘモグロビン量算
出手段の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決
定し、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈波か
らその時点における末梢血管の酸化ヘモグロビン量を算
出しこの値を記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入するこ
とにより血圧値を算出する。The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 7 of the present invention, wherein the calculating means has total hemoglobin amount calculating means for calculating the amount of oxyhemoglobin in peripheral blood vessels from the obtained pulse wave waveform, and the calculating formula determining means In the above, the calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using the output of the oxyhemoglobin amount calculation means is determined, and the calculation means calculates the oxyhemoglobin amount of the peripheral blood vessel at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection means. Then, the blood pressure value is calculated by substituting this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means.
【００２３】そして、血管性状判定手段で得た人体の血
管性状と、脈波採取手段から得た末梢血管の酸化ヘモグ
ロビンの量から血圧や酸素要求量の増減による血液の増
減を検出し人体の血圧を算出するので、正確な血圧値を
算出できる。Then, from the blood vessel properties of the human body obtained by the blood vessel property determining means and the amount of oxyhemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessels obtained from the pulse wave collecting means, an increase or decrease in blood pressure due to an increase or decrease in blood pressure or oxygen demand is detected. Is calculated, an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００２４】また、本発明の請求項８にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、脈波採取手段は発光手段により生体内に光を放
射して生体内で吸収を受けた光の量の変化を受光手段に
より電気的な信号に変換して出力する光電容積脈波計で
あり、算出式決定手段は受光手段の出力のＤＣ値とＡＣ
値の比を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定する
とともに、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈
波から受光手段の出力のＤＣ値とＡＣ値の比を算出しこ
の値を前記記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入すること
により血圧値を算出する。In the portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 8 of the present invention, the pulse wave collecting means emits light into the living body by the light emitting means and detects a change in the amount of light absorbed in the living body by the light receiving means. Is a photoplethysmograph which converts the output into an electrical signal according to the formula (1) and outputs the DC signal.
Using the ratio of the values, the calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body is determined, and the calculating means calculates the ratio between the DC value and the AC value of the output of the light receiving means from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collecting means. The blood pressure value is calculated by substituting the value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means.
【００２５】そして、血液や皮膚の吸光度を基準として
正規化した脈波の増減を用いて血液の増減を検出し人体
の血圧を算出するので、正確な血圧値を算出できる。The blood pressure of the human body is calculated by detecting the increase or decrease of the blood using the increase or decrease of the pulse wave normalized on the basis of the absorbance of blood or skin, so that the accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００２６】また、本発明の請求項９にかかる携帯型血
圧計は、演算手段は脈波採取手段の出力を２次微分して
加速度脈波波形を算出する加速度脈波算出手段を持ち、
算出式決定手段では前記加速度脈波算出手段の出力を用
いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定し、演算手段は
新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈波からその時点におけ
る加速度脈波を算出しこの値を記憶手段に記憶された算
出式に代入することにより血圧値を算出する。In a portable blood pressure monitor according to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the arithmetic means has acceleration pulse wave calculating means for calculating an acceleration pulse wave waveform by secondarily differentiating the output of the pulse wave collecting means.
The calculating formula determining means determines a calculating formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using the output of the acceleration pulse wave calculating means, and the calculating means calculates the acceleration pulse wave at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collecting means. The blood pressure value is calculated by calculating and substituting this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means.
【００２７】そして、血液循環と密接な関係がある加速
度脈波の波形を指標化した値を用いて人体の血圧を算出
するので、正確な血圧値を算出できる。Since the blood pressure of the human body is calculated using a value obtained by indexing the waveform of the acceleration pulse wave closely related to the blood circulation, an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００２８】[0028]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例について図面を参照
して説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００２９】図１は本発明の一実施例の携帯型血圧計の
ブロック図、図２は同携帯型血圧計の外観図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a portable blood pressure monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an external view of the portable blood pressure monitor.
【００３０】図中、２１は全体の制御や結果の表示を行
う本体、２２は人体の上腕部を加圧する圧力印加手段で
あるカフ、２３は指尖に取り付け脈波を採取し処理する
脈波採取部である。また、本体２１において、２４はカ
フ２２に圧力を供給する加圧手段である加圧ポンプ、２
５はカフ２２の圧力を減圧して調節する減圧弁、２６は
カフ２２内の圧力検出手段である圧力センサ、２７は圧
力センサ２６の出力信号のＡＣ成分を抽出し増幅して出
力する圧力信号増幅手段、２８は圧力センサ２６と圧力
信号増幅手段２７の出力から人体の血圧値を決定する血
圧値決定手段、２９は圧力センサ２６の出力と脈波採取
部２３が採取した脈波信号から末梢血管の性状を判定す
る血管性状判定手段、３０は脈波採取部２３と血圧値決
定手段２８と血管性状判定手段２９の出力を用い新たに
得られた脈波採取部２３の脈波信号のみから人体の血圧
値を決定するための算出式を決定する算出式決定手段、
３１は判定結果を表示する本体表示部、３２は本体２１
の動作を制御し本体２１と脈波採取部２３との間の情報
の流れを制御する本体制御手段、３３は末梢血管性状判
定の開始を本体制御手段に指示する本体スタートボタ
ン、３４は加圧ポンプ２４で生成した空気圧を本体２１
からカフ２２へ送るチューブ、３５は脈波採取部２３と
本体２１とで得られた情報を相互に伝達するケーブルで
ある。In the figure, 21 is a main body for performing overall control and displaying the result, 22 is a cuff which is a pressure applying means for pressing the upper arm of a human body, and 23 is a pulse wave which is attached to a fingertip to collect and process a pulse wave. It is a sampling unit. Further, in the main body 21, reference numeral 24 denotes a pressurizing pump which is a pressurizing means for supplying pressure to the cuff 22,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a pressure reducing valve for reducing and adjusting the pressure of the cuff 22; 26, a pressure sensor as pressure detecting means in the cuff 22; 27, a pressure signal for extracting, amplifying and outputting an AC component of an output signal of the pressure sensor 26; Amplifying means 28 is a blood pressure value determining means for determining the blood pressure value of the human body from the outputs of the pressure sensor 26 and the pressure signal amplifying means 27, and 29 is a peripheral part based on the output of the pressure sensor 26 and the pulse wave signal collected by the pulse wave collecting part 23. The vascular property determining means 30 for determining the properties of the blood vessels is obtained from only the pulse wave signal of the pulse wave collecting section 23 newly obtained using the outputs of the pulse wave collecting section 23, the blood pressure value determining means 28 and the vascular property determining section 29. Calculation formula determining means for determining a calculation formula for determining a blood pressure value of a human body,
31 is a main body display unit for displaying the judgment result, 32 is the main body 21
Control means for controlling the flow of information between the main body 21 and the pulse wave collecting section 23 by controlling the operation of the main body 21; 33, a main body start button for instructing the main body control means to start peripheral blood vessel property judgment; The air pressure generated by the pump 24 is
And a cable 35 for mutually transmitting information obtained by the pulse wave sampling unit 23 and the main body 21.
【００３１】また、脈波採取部２３は、脈波を採取する
脈波採取手段３６、算出式決定手段３０で決定された血
圧値の算出式を記憶させる記憶手段３７、記憶手段３７
に記憶された算出式に新たに得られた脈波波形を処理し
た情報を代入して被験者の血圧値を演算する演算手段３
８、演算手段３８により算出された血圧値を表示する第
2の表示手段３９、脈波を採取し血圧値算出の開始の実
行を指示する脈波採取スタートボタン４０、脈波採取部
２３全体の制御を行う脈波採取制御手段４１を備えてい
る。ここで、脈波採取手段３６は血液の光の吸収特性を
利用して血液の容積変化を検出して出力する光電容積脈
波計で、被験者の指の根元である指基部に装着されてそ
の部分の脈波を検出して処理している。図中４２は生体
に入射させる光を発光させる発光素子、４３は生体によ
る反射吸収を受けた光を受光して電気信号に変換する受
光素子、４４は受光素子の出力信号を増幅する脈波信号
増幅手段である。なお、受光素子４３の検出感度が高く
出力をそのまま利用できる場合は脈波信号増幅手段４４
は不要である。The pulse wave sampling unit 23 includes a pulse wave sampling unit 36 for sampling a pulse wave, a storage unit 37 for storing the calculation formula of the blood pressure value determined by the calculation formula determination unit 30, and a storage unit 37.
Calculating means 3 for calculating the blood pressure value of the subject by substituting the information obtained by processing the newly obtained pulse wave waveform into the calculation formula stored in
Eighth, the blood pressure value calculated by the calculating means 38 is displayed.
2 is provided with a display unit 39, a pulse wave collection start button 40 for instructing execution of the start of blood pressure value calculation by collecting a pulse wave, and a pulse wave collection control unit 41 for controlling the entire pulse wave collection unit 23. Here, the pulse wave collecting means 36 is a photoelectric volume pulse wave meter that detects and outputs a change in the volume of blood using the light absorption characteristics of blood, and is attached to a finger base that is the base of the subject's finger. The pulse wave of the part is detected and processed. In the figure, reference numeral 42 denotes a light-emitting element that emits light to be incident on a living body, 43 denotes a light-receiving element that receives light reflected and absorbed by the living body and converts the light into an electric signal, and 44 denotes a pulse wave signal that amplifies an output signal of the light-receiving element Amplifying means. If the detection sensitivity of the light receiving element 43 is high and the output can be used as it is, the pulse wave signal amplifying means 44
Is unnecessary.
【００３２】また、脈波採取部２３と本体２１とを結ぶ
ケーブル３５により本体２１で得られた被験者の血管性
状等の情報の脈波採取部２３への伝達と脈波採取部２３
により得られた情報の本体２１への伝達が行われるが、
このケーブル３５は脈波採取部２３側に設けられたコネ
クタ４５により脱着が可能な構成となっており、脈波採
取部２３のみでも携帯できるようにしている。The transmission of the information such as the blood vessel properties of the subject obtained by the main body 21 to the pulse wave collecting section 23 and the pulse wave collecting section 23 by the cable 35 connecting the pulse wave collecting section 23 and the main body 21 are performed.
Is transmitted to the main body 21,
The cable 35 is configured to be detachable by a connector 45 provided on the pulse wave collection unit 23 side, so that the pulse wave collection unit 23 alone can be carried.
【００３３】また、本装置の脈波採取部２３と血管性状
判定手段２９及び算出式決定手段３０を除いた残りはカ
フ２２の圧力と血圧値の関係により変化する心拍に同期
した微細なカフ圧の変動から血圧値を算出するオシロメ
トリック式の血圧計と同様な装置であり、血圧値決定手
段２９は圧力センサ２６の出力と圧力信号増幅手段２７
の出力とから収縮期血圧と平均血圧、拡張期血圧の時点
を決定し、それらの時点における圧力センサ２６が検出
した圧力値をそれぞれの圧力値として決定している。な
お、ここではオシロメトリック式の血圧決定方式に関し
ては既知の事項なので特に記述しない。The remainder of the apparatus excluding the pulse wave sampling unit 23, the blood vessel property determining means 29 and the calculation formula determining means 30 is the minute cuff pressure synchronized with the heart rate which changes according to the relationship between the pressure of the cuff 22 and the blood pressure value. Is a device similar to an oscillometric sphygmomanometer that calculates a blood pressure value from the fluctuation of the blood pressure.
, The time points of the systolic blood pressure, the average blood pressure, and the diastolic blood pressure are determined, and the pressure values detected by the pressure sensor 26 at those time points are determined as the respective pressure values. Here, the oscillometric blood pressure determination method is a known matter and will not be described.
【００３４】本実施例の携帯式血圧計は上記構成により
以下のように作用する。まず、被験者は算出式決定手段
３０が脈波による血圧算出式を決定するために血管性状
判定手段２９による末梢血管の血管性状の判定を行う。
すなわち、上腕部にカフ２２を巻き付け同時に指基部に
脈波採取部２３を装着し本体スタートボタン３３を押し
て測定を開始すると、加圧ポンプ２４が動作し圧力セン
サ２６がカフ２２が所定の圧力になった事を検出するま
で加圧する。ここで、この所定の圧力値は被験者の収縮
期血圧より30mmHg以上高くなるよう設定されるのが理想
であるが、本体制御手段３２は減圧後すぐに収縮期血圧
と認識された場合は被験者本来の収縮期血圧より低い場
合があるのでさらに高い圧力値を検出するまで再度加圧
ポンプ２４で加圧している。The portable sphygmomanometer according to the present embodiment operates as follows by the above configuration. First, the subject determines the vascular properties of the peripheral blood vessels by the vascular properties determining means 29 so that the calculation formula determining means 30 determines the blood pressure calculating formula based on the pulse wave.
That is, when the cuff 22 is wrapped around the upper arm and the pulse wave sampling unit 23 is attached to the base of the finger at the same time and the main body start button 33 is pressed to start measurement, the pressurizing pump 24 operates and the pressure sensor 26 sets the cuff 22 to a predetermined pressure. Pressurize until it detects that it has changed. Here, it is ideal that the predetermined pressure value is set to be 30 mmHg or more higher than the systolic blood pressure of the subject. However, if the systolic blood pressure is recognized immediately after the decompression, the subject Since the blood pressure may be lower than the systolic blood pressure, the pressurizing pump 24 pressurizes again until a higher pressure value is detected.
【００３５】さて、カフ２２の圧力を被験者の収縮期血
圧より高くするとカフ２２より末梢部へは心臓の拍出に
よる圧力波や血液は搬送されないため脈波採取部２３で
は脈波は検出されない。この状態から減圧弁２５を開き
カフ２２の圧力を一定の速度で減圧すると、カフ２２の
圧力が被験者の収縮期血圧を下回りカフ２２の締め付け
圧以上の血圧となる時に心臓の拍出による圧力波と血液
がカフ２２より末梢側へ搬送され、末梢部分でも心臓の
活動に同期した脈動が再開し、被験者の指基部に取り付
けられた脈波採取部２３でもこのような脈動が検出され
るようになる。さらに減圧が進みカフ２２の圧力が拡張
期血圧以下になると、常にカフ２２の圧力より血圧の方
が高くなるので、血液の流動は途切れる事はなくなる
が、カフ２２にはまだ圧力が残っているためカフ２２下
の血管にはカフ２２の圧力に対応した外力が加えられて
血管径はカフ２２による加圧が加えられない場合よりも
狭くなり、柔軟性も阻害され、そのために圧力波や血液
の運動エネルギの伝達が阻害されてカフ２２より末梢側
はカフ２２による加圧のない場合より血圧低下が生ず
る。このようなカフ２２の加圧による末梢側の血圧値低
下は外力が加えられなくなるまで変化しながら続くが、
それに応じて指基部に装着された脈波採取部２３から得
られる脈波の波形も変化しており、その変化は被験者の
末梢血管の圧力変化に対する末梢血管の硬さや容積変化
などの性状の変化を反映していると考えられる。従っ
て、カフ２２の圧力変化に対する脈波波形の変化を調べ
る事により末梢血管の硬さや血圧値の変化に対する圧力
−容積特性といった末梢血管性状を知る事ができる。When the pressure of the cuff 22 is higher than the systolic blood pressure of the subject, the pulse wave is not detected by the pulse wave collection unit 23 because the pressure wave and blood due to the heartbeat are not transferred from the cuff 22 to the peripheral part. In this state, the pressure reducing valve 25 is opened to reduce the pressure of the cuff 22 at a constant speed. When the pressure of the cuff 22 falls below the systolic blood pressure of the subject and becomes equal to or higher than the tightening pressure of the cuff 22, a pressure wave due to the ejection of the heart is generated. The blood is conveyed to the peripheral side from the cuff 22, and the pulsation synchronized with the activity of the heart also resumes in the peripheral part, and such a pulsation is detected also in the pulse wave sampling unit 23 attached to the finger base of the subject. Become. When the pressure is further reduced and the pressure of the cuff 22 becomes equal to or lower than the diastolic blood pressure, the blood pressure is always higher than the pressure of the cuff 22, so that the blood flow is not interrupted, but the pressure remains in the cuff 22. Therefore, an external force corresponding to the pressure of the cuff 22 is applied to the blood vessel below the cuff 22, and the blood vessel diameter becomes narrower than when the pressure is not applied by the cuff 22, and the flexibility is impaired. The transmission of kinetic energy of the cuff 22 is impeded, and the blood pressure on the peripheral side of the cuff 22 is lower than when the cuff 22 does not pressurize. Such a decrease in the peripheral blood pressure value due to the pressurization of the cuff 22 continues while changing until no external force is applied.
Accordingly, the waveform of the pulse wave obtained from the pulse wave sampling unit 23 attached to the base of the finger also changes, and the change is caused by a change in properties such as a change in the hardness or volume of the peripheral blood vessel with respect to a change in the pressure of the peripheral blood vessel of the subject. It is thought that it reflects. Therefore, by examining the change of the pulse wave waveform with respect to the pressure change of the cuff 22, it is possible to know the peripheral blood vessel properties such as the hardness of the peripheral blood vessel and the pressure-volume characteristic with respect to the change of the blood pressure value.
【００３６】図３にカフ圧を横軸、脈波の振り幅を縦軸
にしてプロットしたグラフを示す。図中ａは若い健常者
の場合、ｂは高齢で動脈硬化が見られる人の場合であ
る。ａではカフ圧が４０mmHgから０mmHgに減少するとそ
れに応じて脈波の振り幅も徐々に大きくなっているのに
対し、ｂではカフ圧が下降しても振り幅の増加はあまり
見られず、ａの人とｂの人との間には明らかな性質上の
違いがある事が分かる。FIG. 3 is a graph plotting the cuff pressure on the horizontal axis and the pulse wave amplitude on the vertical axis. In the figure, a is a case of a young healthy person, and b is a case of an elderly person with arteriosclerosis. In a, as the cuff pressure decreases from 40 mmHg to 0 mmHg, the amplitude of the pulse wave gradually increases accordingly, whereas in b, the increase in the amplitude does not increase much even if the cuff pressure decreases. It can be seen that there is a clear difference in nature between the person of b and the person of b.
【００３７】この違いは図４に示すような血管の圧力
（すなわち血圧）と容積の関係を反映していると考えら
れる。すなわち、若い健康な人は血管の柔軟性に余裕が
あるため図中ｃのように血圧を上げていくとそれに応じ
て血管径が大きくなり容積もリニアに伸びていくが、動
脈硬化が進行してくると血管の柔軟性がなくなってしま
い血圧が増加してもそれに追随して血管径が大きくなら
ないために血管容積も増えなくなり、図中ｄやｅのよう
に血圧が上昇するにしたがって傾きが小さくなってい
く。つまり、若い健康な人の場合血圧が低下するとそれ
に応じて血管径も小さくなるが、動脈硬化が進行してい
ると血圧が低下しても血管径に変化が現れにくくなり、
それが脈波の振り幅の変化として現れているのである。
これは脈波を採取する部位の血管の特性をより強く反映
するので、指基部のような末梢側でも採取した脈波の変
化を調べる事により被験者の末梢血管の性状を判定する
事が可能になる。This difference is considered to reflect the relationship between blood vessel pressure (ie, blood pressure) and volume as shown in FIG. In other words, since a young healthy person has enough flexibility in blood vessels, as the blood pressure increases as shown in c in the figure, the blood vessel diameter increases and the volume increases linearly, but arteriosclerosis progresses. As the blood vessel becomes less flexible and the blood pressure increases, the blood vessel volume does not increase because the diameter of the blood vessel does not increase in accordance with the increase in blood pressure. As shown in d and e in the figure, the inclination increases as the blood pressure increases. It gets smaller. In other words, in the case of a young healthy person, when the blood pressure decreases, the blood vessel diameter decreases accordingly, but when arteriosclerosis is progressing, it becomes difficult for the blood vessel diameter to change even if the blood pressure decreases,
It appears as a change in pulse wave amplitude.
Since this reflects the characteristics of the blood vessels at the site where the pulse wave is collected more strongly, it is possible to determine the properties of the peripheral blood vessels of the subject by examining the changes in the collected pulse waves at the peripheral side such as the base of the finger. Become.
【００３８】本実施例では、このような原理を用い、血
管性状判定手段２９ではケーブル３５を経て伝達される
脈波採取部２３にある脈波信号増幅手段４４の出力と圧
力センサ２６の出力とから被験者のカフ圧に対する脈波
振幅の変化率を求めこの値により被験者の血管性状を５
種類に分類し、その結果を本体表示部３１で表示してい
る。In the present embodiment, using such a principle, the vascular property determining means 29 determines the output of the pulse wave signal amplifying means 44 and the output of the pressure sensor 26 in the pulse wave collecting section 23 transmitted through the cable 35. The rate of change of the pulse wave amplitude with respect to the subject's cuff pressure is obtained from
The results are classified into types, and the results are displayed on the main body display unit 31.
【００３９】また、この時同時に算出式決定手段３０で
は血管性状判定手段２９が判定した末梢血管性状の判定
結果、末梢血管性状判定時に脈波採取部２３が採取した
脈波波形及び血圧値決定手段２８が決定した血圧値を用
い、脈波採取部２３のみで血圧値を算出するための算出
式を決定している。なお、この算出式の導出の原理につ
いては後に述べる。そして、算出式決定手段３０が決定
した算出式はケーブル３５により本体制御部３２から脈
波採取部２３の脈波採取制御手段４１へ伝達され、脈波
採取制御手段４１は算出式を記憶手段３７へ記憶させて
いる。Simultaneously at this time, the calculation formula determining means 30 determines the peripheral vascular property determined by the vascular property determining means 29 and the pulse wave waveform and blood pressure value determining means collected by the pulse wave collecting section 23 at the time of determining the peripheral vascular property. The calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure value is determined only by the pulse wave sampling unit 23 using the blood pressure value determined by 28. The principle of deriving the calculation formula will be described later. The calculation formula determined by the calculation formula determination unit 30 is transmitted from the main body control unit 32 to the pulse wave collection control unit 41 of the pulse wave collection unit 23 via the cable 35, and the pulse wave collection control unit 41 stores the calculation formula in the storage unit 37. To me.
【００４０】次に、脈波採取部２３と本体２１とを接続
するケーブル３５の脈波採取部２３側に設けられたコネ
クタ４５をはずし、脈波採取部２３のみとして被験者の
左手第３指の指基部に装着すれば、小さな携帯型血圧計
として使用可能になっている。この状態で血圧を測定す
る場合は、まず脈波採取スタートボタン４０を押すと脈
波の採取が始まり、脈波採取手段３６により新たに採取
された脈波の情報から、記憶手段３７に記憶された算出
式を用いて演算手段３８により被験者の血圧値を演算し
てその値を第2の表示手段３９により表示して被験者が
血圧値を確認できるようにしている。Next, the connector 45 provided on the side of the pulse wave collecting section 23 of the cable 35 connecting the pulse wave collecting section 23 and the main body 21 is detached, and only the pulse wave collecting section 23 of the third finger of the left hand of the subject is used. When attached to the base of the finger, it can be used as a small portable blood pressure monitor. When the blood pressure is measured in this state, first, the pulse wave collection start button 40 is pressed to start the collection of the pulse wave, and is stored in the storage unit 37 from the information of the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection unit 36. Using the calculated formula, the blood pressure value of the subject is calculated by the calculating means 38 and the value is displayed on the second display means 39 so that the subject can check the blood pressure value.
【００４１】算出式決定手段３０が血管性状判定手段２
９が判定した末梢血管性状の判定結果とその時点の血圧
値とから算出式を決定し、この算出式を用いて脈波採取
手段３６が新たに採取した脈波情報から現時点の血圧を
算出する方法の原理を以下に説明する。すなわち、血圧
は、物理的には血液を人体の隅々までゆき渡らせるため
のポンプである心臓の拍出力と、途中の経路である血管
や毛細血管や細胞レベルの血流の流れやすさとの積とし
て決定される。これ以外にも精神的な要因や恒常性維持
による変化もあるが、これらの要因は、最終的には上記
２つの物理的要因を変化させて血圧に影響を与えてお
り、物理的要因を正確に捉える事ができればそれで十分
血圧を把握できる。末梢側で光電容積脈波を検出する事
を考えると、心臓の拍出力は脈波波形、脈波のＤＣ値、
心拍数によりその変化をモニターする事が可能である。
また、血管や末梢の流れやすさは毛細血管や細胞レベル
の末梢と、心臓からそこまでに経由する動脈の特性に大
きく分かれており、そのうち毛細血管や細胞レベルの血
流は数日レベルの時間スケールでは大きく変化しないと
考えられ、血圧値に対応づけられた脈波波形があらかじ
め得られているならば、それとの比較でこの要因は検出
できる。しかるに、途中の経路である血管の性状に付い
ては、その変化の特性が個人により大きく異なるために
脈波の波形からだけでは判断できないが、本実施例では
すでに被験者の末梢血管の性状が検出されているので、
あらかじめ得られている被験者の血管性状、血管性状を
求めた時点におけるカフによる加圧のない状態での脈波
波形、その時点の拡張期血圧と収縮期血圧の情報から血
圧値の算出式を決定し、任意の時点における脈波波形の
情報を採取してこれを算出式に代入する事により、その
時点の血圧値を推定し算出する事ができる。本実施例で
は一例として以下（１）、（２）に示す近似式を用い、
血圧値の算出を行っている。The calculation formula determining means 30 is used as the blood vessel property determining means 2
9, a calculation formula is determined from the determination result of the peripheral blood vessel property and the blood pressure value at that time, and the current blood pressure is calculated from the pulse wave information newly collected by the pulse wave collection unit 36 using the calculation formula. The principle of the method will be described below. In other words, the blood pressure is physically determined by the pulse output of the heart, which is a pump for pumping blood to every corner of the human body, and the ease of blood flow at the blood vessels, capillaries, and cellular levels along the way. Determined as the product. There are other mental factors and changes due to homeostasis, but these factors eventually affect the blood pressure by changing the above two physical factors. If you can catch it, you can get enough blood pressure. Considering the detection of the photoplethysmogram on the peripheral side, the pulse output of the heart is the pulse waveform, the DC value of the pulse wave,
It is possible to monitor the change by heart rate.
In addition, the ease of blood flow in the blood vessels and the periphery is largely divided into the characteristics of the periphery at the capillary and cell levels and the characteristics of the arteries that pass from the heart to the heart. If the pulse wave waveform associated with the blood pressure value is obtained in advance, it is considered that there is no significant change in the scale, and this factor can be detected by comparison with the pulse waveform. However, the nature of the blood vessel, which is an intermediate route, cannot be determined only from the pulse wave waveform because the characteristics of the change vary greatly from individual to individual, but in the present embodiment, the properties of the peripheral blood vessels of the subject have already been detected. Has been
Determine the blood pressure value calculation formula from the blood vessel characteristics of the subject obtained in advance, the pulse wave waveform without pressurization by the cuff at the time of obtaining the blood vessel characteristics, and the information of diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure at that time Then, by collecting information on the pulse wave waveform at an arbitrary time point and substituting the information into the calculation formula, the blood pressure value at that time point can be estimated and calculated. In this embodiment, as an example, the following approximate expressions (1) and (2) are used.
The blood pressure value is calculated.
【００４２】 Ｐh＝ｆh（Ｂ）＊ｖac／Ｖac0 ＋Ｐh0 （１） Ｐl＝ｆl（Ｂ）＊ｖac／Ｖac0 ＋Ｐl0 （２） ここで、Ｐhは収縮期血圧(mmHg)、Ｐlは拡張期血圧(mmH
g)、Ｂは血管性状判定手段が判定した１から５までの血
管性状判定結果、Ｐh0は血管性状判定時の収縮期血圧、
Ｐl0は血管性状判定時の拡張期血圧、Ｖac0は血管性状
判定時の脈波の振幅、ｖacは新たに得られた脈波の振り
幅、ｆh、ｆlはそれぞれ収縮期血圧、拡張期血圧を算出
する定数テーブルで血管性状判定結果により与える定数
を定数テーブルから選択して推定式を決定している。本
実施例では、ｆhとｆlにある定数を、多数の被験者で収
縮期血圧値Ｐh、拡張期血圧値Ｐl、血管性状判定Ｂの算
出を行い、各血管性状判定結果毎のグループに分け、各
グループ別にその後の血圧測定結果から統計的に求めて
いる。算出式決定手段３０ではこのような算出式を決定
して記憶手段３７に記憶させ、演算手段３８では脈波採
取手段３６から得られるｖacの値を記憶手段３７に記憶
させた算出式に代入しその時点の血圧値を算出して出力
している。Ph = fh (B) * vac / Vac0 + Ph0 (1) Pl = fl (B) * vac / Vac0 + P10 (2) where Ph is systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and Pl is diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
g), B is the blood vessel property determination result from 1 to 5 determined by the blood vessel property determination means, Ph0 is the systolic blood pressure at the time of blood vessel property determination,
Pl0 is the diastolic blood pressure when determining the vascular properties, Vac0 is the amplitude of the pulse wave when determining the vascular properties, vac is the amplitude of the newly obtained pulse wave, fh and fl are the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. In the constant table, a constant given by the blood vessel property determination result is selected from the constant table to determine the estimation formula. In the present embodiment, the systolic blood pressure value Ph, the diastolic blood pressure value Pl, and the vascular property determination B are calculated for a large number of subjects by dividing the constants at fh and fl into a group for each vascular property determination result. Statistically determined from subsequent blood pressure measurement results for each group. The calculation formula determination means 30 determines such a calculation formula and stores it in the storage means 37. The calculation means 38 substitutes the value of vac obtained from the pulse wave collection means 36 into the calculation formula stored in the storage means 37. The blood pressure value at that time is calculated and output.
【００４３】なお、上記（１）、（２）式から分かるよ
うに、この算出式では血管性状を判定した時点に同時に
採取した血圧値と現時点の血圧値との差を、血管性状判
定手段２９の判定結果と新たに採取した脈波の振幅から
決定している。このようにすれば血管性状判定時と現時
点の状態の変化を検出してそこから血圧値の差を算出す
れば良いので、簡単かつ正確に血圧値を推定できる。As can be seen from the above equations (1) and (2), in this calculation equation, the difference between the blood pressure value simultaneously collected at the time of determining the blood vessel property and the current blood pressure value is determined by the blood vessel property determining means 29. And the amplitude of the newly collected pulse wave. In this way, it is only necessary to detect a change in the state at the time of the determination of the blood vessel property and at the present time and calculate the difference in the blood pressure value therefrom, so that the blood pressure value can be easily and accurately estimated.
【００４４】上記構成により、本発明の携帯型血圧計
は、あらかじめ脈波を採取する部位の末梢血管性状と血
圧測定時の血圧値と脈波形状とから血圧算出式を求め、
その後に脈波採取部２３のみを分離して脈波採取部２３
により新たに得られた脈波波形をその血圧算出式に代入
して血圧を算出するので、個人の血管性状の違いによる
脈波形状の変化に影響されることなく、簡便かつ連続的
に被験者の血圧を推定できる。また、本実施例では、携
帯性の点を重視し、取り付けても邪魔にならずかつ光電
容積脈波が安定的に得られる指基部に取り付けている。
また、手首に付けて腕時計と共用するなどの形態も可能
である。なお、本実施例の場合、脈波の振幅を用いてい
るので、カフ圧の変化により振り幅が変化する脈波を採
取できる方法であれば圧脈波など光電容積脈波以外の方
法でもよい。With the above configuration, the portable sphygmomanometer according to the present invention obtains a blood pressure calculation formula in advance from the peripheral vascular properties of the site where the pulse wave is collected, the blood pressure value at the time of blood pressure measurement, and the pulse wave shape.
After that, only the pulse wave sampling unit 23 is separated and the pulse wave sampling unit 23 is separated.
The blood pressure is calculated by substituting the newly obtained pulse wave waveform into the blood pressure calculation formula, so that the subject's blood pressure is easily and continuously measured without being affected by changes in the pulse wave shape due to differences in the vascular properties of the individual. Blood pressure can be estimated. Further, in this embodiment, the portability is emphasized, and it is attached to the base of the finger which does not hinder the attachment and stably obtains the photoplethysmogram.
Further, it is also possible to adopt a form in which it is attached to a wrist and shared with a wristwatch. In the case of the present embodiment, since the amplitude of the pulse wave is used, any method other than the photoelectric volume pulse wave such as a pressure pulse wave may be used as long as a pulse wave whose amplitude varies depending on the cuff pressure can be collected. .
【００４５】また、本実施例の携帯型血圧計では光電容
積脈波の採取に用いる発光素子４２は単色光を放射する
ものであるが、複数色の光を放射する構成としてこれを
切り替え器で高速に切り替え各色の吸光率の違いによっ
て得られるそれぞれ異なる脈波波形から血圧算出式を求
め血圧値を算出しても良い。この場合、条件の異なる複
数の波長の出力結果を用いて血圧値を算出するので装着
時の取り付け誤差などの誤差要因を少なくできる。In the portable sphygmomanometer of the present embodiment, the light emitting element 42 used for collecting the photoelectric volume pulse wave emits monochromatic light. High-speed switching may be performed to obtain a blood pressure calculation formula from different pulse wave waveforms obtained according to the difference in absorbance of each color to calculate a blood pressure value. In this case, since the blood pressure value is calculated using the output results of a plurality of wavelengths having different conditions, error factors such as an attachment error at the time of attachment can be reduced.
【００４６】さらに、３波長の光の吸光度から連立方程
式を解く事により脈波採取場所近傍の単位組織あたりの
総ヘモグロビン量や酸素飽和濃度を求める技術が公開さ
れており、この技術を用いて求めた総ヘモグロビン量や
酸化ヘモグロビン量により末梢の血液循環の変化を知る
事ができるので、これらの指標も血圧値を算出する場合
には有効である。総ヘモグロビン量は血管や組織の血液
量を示すが、血圧が上昇するとそれに伴って血管が膨ら
み末梢の血液量も増加するので、この増減を検出する事
によって血圧値の有効な指標となる。また、酸化ヘモグ
ロビン量はそれが増加しておれば供給される酸素が増え
ているので、運動時などの血圧変化に反応しており、こ
れも血圧値の有効な指標となる。なお、この場合、発光
素子４２が発光する光の波長は水や油分などによる吸光
度が小さく大きな影響を受け難い700nmから850nmがよ
く、これらの波長から適切な波長の光を放射する発光素
子４２を選択すれば良い。Further, there is disclosed a technique for calculating the total hemoglobin amount and the oxygen saturation concentration per unit tissue in the vicinity of a pulse wave sampling location by solving simultaneous equations from the absorbances of light of three wavelengths. Since the change in peripheral blood circulation can be known from the total hemoglobin amount and the oxidized hemoglobin amount, these indices are also effective when calculating the blood pressure value. The total amount of hemoglobin indicates the blood volume of blood vessels and tissues. When the blood pressure increases, the blood vessels expand and the peripheral blood volume increases. Therefore, detecting this increase / decrease can be an effective index of the blood pressure value. Further, the oxygenated hemoglobin amount responds to a change in blood pressure during exercise or the like because the oxygen supply increases as the amount increases, and this is also an effective index of the blood pressure value. In this case, the wavelength of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 42 is preferably 700 nm to 850 nm, which has a small absorbance due to water, oil, and the like, and is hardly affected by the light. The light-emitting element 42 that emits light of an appropriate wavelength from these wavelengths is used. Just choose.
【００４７】また、光電容積脈波の採取に用いる受光素
子４３の出力は、組織や滞留している血液などに吸収さ
れた光を示すＤＣ成分と、心臓の拍動に応じて血液量が
増減する事を反映したＡＣ成分の和として出力される
が、両者の比をとり血圧値の算出に用いても良い。ＡＣ
成分は脈動による血液量の増減を反映するものであるか
ら量的な情報を持っているが、取り付け誤差などで大き
く変化する。これを同様に変化するＤＣ成分で正規化す
る事によって、ＡＣ成分が持つ量的な情報のＳ／Ｎ比を
高める事ができ、血圧値の有効な指標となる。The output of the light receiving element 43 used for collecting the photoplethysmogram includes a DC component indicating light absorbed by the tissue or the stagnant blood, and the blood volume increases or decreases according to the heartbeat. This is output as the sum of the AC components reflecting the fact that they are performed, but the ratio of the two may be taken and used for calculating the blood pressure value. AC
The component has quantitative information because it reflects an increase or decrease in blood volume due to pulsation, but varies greatly due to an attachment error or the like. By normalizing this with a DC component that changes in the same way, the S / N ratio of the quantitative information of the AC component can be increased, and it becomes an effective index of the blood pressure value.
【００４８】また、脈波採取手段３６により得られた脈
波波形を２回微分した加速度脈波の波形は人体の循環機
能の特性を表すものと注目されており、この波形の特徴
量を抽出して血圧値の算出に用いることも有効である。
図５に加速度脈波波形の１例を示す。図中ＥＣＧは心電
図、ＰＴＧは脈波、ＡＰＧは加速度脈波の波形である。
加速度脈波の波形は通常図に示すようなａからｅまでの
５つのピークが現れるが、この中でｄ波は血圧値との相
関が指摘されている。5つのピークの高さをそれぞれｈ
ａ、ｈｂ、ｈｃ、ｈｄ、ｈｅ、5つのピークの発生時間
をそれぞれＴａ、Ｔｂ、Ｔｃ、Ｔｄ、Ｔｅとすると、ｄ
波のピーク高さをａ波のピーク高さで正規化したｈｄ／
ｈａや、ａ波のピーク時点とｄ波のピーク時点との時間
間隔Ｔｄ−Ｔａといった指標は本発明のような血管性状
の判定や血圧値の算出に用いるには特に有効である。さ
らに、加速度脈波波形を用いることにより、あらかじめ
血圧値を測定することなく血管性状判定手段２９の判定
結果のみで血圧を推定する算出式を導出することもでき
る。これは、加速度脈波波形には前述のように血圧との
相関を示す指標が存在することから可能になるもので、
これに血管性状判定手段２９による補正を加えることに
よりより正確な血圧値の推定が可能になる。この場合の
算出式の一例を以下に示す。It is noted that the waveform of the acceleration pulse wave obtained by differentiating the pulse wave waveform obtained twice by the pulse wave sampling means 36 represents the characteristics of the circulatory function of the human body, and the characteristic amount of this waveform is extracted. It is also effective to calculate the blood pressure value.
FIG. 5 shows an example of the acceleration pulse wave waveform. In the figure, ECG is an electrocardiogram, PTG is a pulse wave, and APG is a waveform of an acceleration pulse wave.
The waveform of the acceleration pulse wave usually has five peaks a to e as shown in the figure. Among them, the d wave has been pointed out to have a correlation with the blood pressure value. The height of each of the five peaks is h
a, hb, hc, hd, he, and the occurrence times of the five peaks are Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, and Te, respectively.
Hd / which is obtained by normalizing the peak height of the wave with the peak height of the a-wave
Indices such as ha and the time interval Td-Ta between the peak time of the a-wave and the peak time of the d-wave are particularly effective for use in determining the blood vessel properties and calculating the blood pressure value as in the present invention. Further, by using the acceleration pulse waveform, it is possible to derive a calculation formula for estimating the blood pressure only by the determination result of the vascular property determining means 29 without measuring the blood pressure value in advance. This is possible because the acceleration pulse waveform has an index indicating the correlation with the blood pressure as described above.
By adding the correction by the blood vessel property determining means 29 to this, it is possible to more accurately estimate the blood pressure value. An example of the calculation formula in this case is shown below.
【００４９】 Ｐh＝ｇh（Ｂ）×（Ａh1＋Ａh2×ｈｂ／ｈａ＋Ａh3×ｈｃ／ｈａ＋Ａh4×ｈｄ ／ｈａ ＋Ａh5×ｈｅ／ｈａ＋Ａh6×(Ｔｂ−Ｔａ)＋Ａh7×(Ｔｃ−Ｔａ) ＋Ａh8×(Ｔｄ−Ｔａ)＋Ａh9×(Ｔｅ−Ｔａ)） （３） Ｐl＝ｇl（Ｂ）×（Ａl1＋Ａl2×ｈｂ／ｈａ＋Ａl3×ｈｃ／ｈａ＋Ａl4×ｈｄ ／ｈａ ＋Ａl5×ｈｅ／ｈａ＋Ａl6×(Ｔｂ−Ｔａ)＋Ａl7×(Ｔｃ−Ｔａ) ＋Ａl8×(Ｔｄ−Ｔａ)＋Ａl9×(Ｔｅ−Ｔａ) （４） ここで、Ａh0、Ａh1…Ａl9は、あらかじめ得られた算出
式の係数である。また、ｇh（Ｂ）、ｇl（Ｂ）はそれぞ
れ収縮期血圧、拡張期血圧を算出する定数テーブルで血
管性状判定結果により与える定数を定数テーブルから選
択して算出式を決定している。係数や定数テーブルはあ
らかじめ多数の被験者で加速度脈波波形の採取や血管性
状判定、血圧測定を行い、そのデータから統計的に算出
できる。この場合は算出式決定手段３０が血圧値の算出
式を決定する際に血圧測定の必要が無いので血管性状判
定の際にカフ圧を収縮期血圧以上に上げることは必須で
はなく、血圧の算出式を決定する際も被験者に与えるカ
フ加圧に伴う圧迫感を軽減できる。Ph = gh (B) × (A h1 + A h2 × hb / ha + A h3 × hc / ha + A h4 × h d / ha + A h5 × he / ha + A h6 × (Tb−Ta) + A h7 × (Tc−Ta) + A h8 × (Td-Ta ) + A h9 × (Te-Ta)) (3) Pl = gl (B) × (A l1 + A l2 × hb / ha + A l3 × hc / ha + A l4 × hd / ha + A l5 × he / ha + A l6 × (Tb -Ta) + A l7 × (Tc-Ta) + A l8 × (Td-Ta) + A l9 × (Te-Ta) (4) where, A h0, A h1 ... A l9 in advance Further, gh (B) and gl (B) are constant tables for calculating systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, and are used to select constants given from the blood vessel property determination result from the constant table. The calculation formula is determined. In this case, since the blood pressure measurement is not required when the calculation formula determining means 30 determines the calculation formula of the blood pressure value, the blood pressure measurement is not necessary. It is not essential to increase the cuff pressure above the systolic blood pressure, and the feeling of pressure associated with the cuff pressurization given to the subject can be reduced when determining the blood pressure calculation formula.
【００５０】なお、本実施例では、血管性状を求める際
にカフ圧の減圧に際しては一定速度となるよう減圧弁２
５を調節しているが、あらかじめ決められた圧力値を一
定時間保持し安定後の脈波の波形を用いて血管性状を判
定してもよい。これは、カフ圧の減圧速度が変化すると
それに伴って脈波の波形にも変化が及ぶため繰り返し測
定しても安定した結果を得るために減圧速度は条件が変
化しても同じ速度となることが望ましいが、被験者によ
って腕の太さが異なるため高度な制御が必要であり特に
カフ圧が低い場合に困難であることを考慮したものであ
り、所定の圧力を一定に保つ場合は圧力センサ２６が所
定の圧力を検出する直前に減圧弁２５を閉じればよく高
度な制御は不要である。拡張期血圧より下のカフ圧、よ
り望ましくは静脈の還流が再開する50mmHg以下の少なく
とも1種類のカフ圧で心周期5拍以上の時間保持できれ
ば、カフ圧が０mmHg、すなわちカフ２２による加圧がな
い場合の時の脈波と比較すれば必要とする最小限の特性
が得られる。もちろん、複数のカフ圧で同様な操作をす
ればさらに精度よく被験者の末梢血管性状を判定でき、
したがって精度の高い血圧値の推定式を算出できる。In this embodiment, the pressure reducing valve 2 is controlled so as to maintain a constant speed when the cuff pressure is reduced when obtaining the blood vessel properties.
Although 5 is adjusted, a predetermined pressure value may be held for a certain period of time, and the blood vessel property may be determined using the pulse wave waveform after stabilization. This means that if the depressurization rate of the cuff pressure changes, the waveform of the pulse wave will also change with it, so even if the measurement is repeated, the depressurization rate will be the same even if the conditions change, in order to obtain stable results However, considering that the thickness of the arm varies depending on the subject, advanced control is necessary, and it is difficult particularly when the cuff pressure is low. In the case where the predetermined pressure is kept constant, the pressure sensor 26 is used. Suffices to close the pressure reducing valve 25 immediately before detecting a predetermined pressure, and sophisticated control is not required. If the cuff pressure is lower than the diastolic blood pressure, more desirably at least one type of cuff pressure of 50 mmHg or less at which venous return resumes for 5 or more cardiac cycles, the cuff pressure is 0 mmHg, that is, pressurization by the cuff 22 is not possible. The required minimum characteristics can be obtained in comparison with the pulse wave when there is no pulse wave. Of course, if the same operation is performed with a plurality of cuff pressures, the peripheral vascular properties of the subject can be determined with higher accuracy,
Therefore, a highly accurate blood pressure value estimation formula can be calculated.
【００５１】また、本実施例では脈波採取部２３を被験
者の指基部に取り付けて脈波を採取しているが、カフ２
２より末梢側で脈波を採取できる場所なら手首や指尖部
など他の場所でも良い。ただし、小型にでき携帯性に優
れる点、安定して脈波を採取できる点、長時間装着して
もあまり邪魔にならない点をを考え合わせると指基部が
最も良い。In the present embodiment, the pulse wave is collected by attaching the pulse wave collecting unit 23 to the base of the finger of the subject.
Other places such as the wrist and fingertips may be used as long as pulse waves can be collected on the distal side from 2. However, the finger base is the best, considering that it is small and excellent in portability, that it can collect pulse waves stably, and that it does not hinder a long time wearing.
【００５２】また、本実施例ではカフ２２を被験者の上
腕部に取り付けているが、手首などカフ２２により加圧
でき加圧部位より末梢側の血流を阻害できる部位であれ
ば、いかなる場所でも良い。ただし、末梢側へ移動する
ほど、脈波採取部２３を装着可能な場所は少なくなる
他、測定される血圧の精度も低下する。また、本実施例
では減圧弁２５で減圧中の脈波を採取して末梢血管性状
を判定しているが、はじめにカフ２２を加圧ポンプ２４
による加圧中の脈波を採取して末梢血管性状を判定して
もよい。こちらの場合、収縮期以上に加圧する前の脈波
を採取するので、カフ２２による加圧の影響がなく、加
圧速度さえ安定していればより精度良く末梢血管性状を
判定でき、したがって精度の高い血圧値の推定式を算出
できる。In the present embodiment, the cuff 22 is attached to the upper arm of the subject. However, the cuff 22 can be pressurized by the cuff 22 such as the wrist, and can be placed at any location as long as it can inhibit blood flow on the peripheral side from the pressurized portion. good. However, as the position moves to the peripheral side, the places where the pulse wave sampling unit 23 can be attached are reduced, and the accuracy of the measured blood pressure is also reduced. Further, in the present embodiment, the pulse wave during depressurization is collected by the pressure reducing valve 25 to determine the properties of the peripheral blood vessels.
A pulse wave during pressurization may be collected to determine the properties of peripheral blood vessels. In this case, since the pulse wave before pressurization during the systole is collected, there is no influence of pressurization by the cuff 22, and if the pressurization speed is stable, the peripheral blood vessel properties can be determined with higher accuracy, and therefore, the accuracy is improved. Can be calculated.
【００５３】また、本実施例では、本体２１と脈波採取
部２３の情報伝達をケーブル３５を介して行っている
が、電波や赤外線を用いる無線通信により情報伝達する
構成でも良い。Further, in the present embodiment, the information transmission between the main body 21 and the pulse wave sampling unit 23 is performed via the cable 35, but the information may be transmitted by wireless communication using radio waves or infrared rays.
【００５４】さらに、本実施例では、血圧値決定手段２
８としてオシロメトリック法を用いて血圧値を測定して
いるが、カフにマイクロフォンを加えてカフ圧と血圧値
の関係により発生する音の変化を検出して血圧値を測定
する聴診法により血圧値を測定しても良い。Further, in this embodiment, the blood pressure value determining means 2
Although the blood pressure value is measured using an oscillometric method as 8, the blood pressure value is measured by an auscultation method in which a microphone is added to the cuff to detect a change in sound generated due to the relationship between the cuff pressure and the blood pressure value and measure the blood pressure value. May be measured.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の請求項１に
かかる携帯型血圧計は、脈波を採取する部位の末梢血管
性状と血圧測定時の脈波データとから血圧算出式を求
め、新たに得られた脈波から血圧算出式を用いて血圧を
算出するので、個人の血管性状の違いによる脈波形状の
変化に影響されることなく、カフを用いずに簡便かつ連
続的に被験者の血圧を測定可能な携帯型血圧計を提供で
きる。As described above, the portable sphygmomanometer according to the first aspect of the present invention obtains a blood pressure calculation formula from the peripheral vascular properties of a site where a pulse wave is collected and pulse wave data at the time of blood pressure measurement. Since blood pressure is calculated from the newly obtained pulse wave using the blood pressure calculation formula, the subject can be easily and continuously measured without using a cuff without being affected by changes in the pulse wave shape due to differences in individual vascular properties. A portable blood pressure monitor capable of measuring the blood pressure of the patient.
【００５６】また、請求項２にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
血管性状を測定する際の被験者の血圧値を算出して血圧
値の算出式を決定するので、血管性状を測定した時との
状態の差から血圧値の差を算出して任意の時点の血圧値
を算出する事ができ、容易かつ正確な血圧値を算出でき
る。The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 2 is
Since the blood pressure value of the subject when measuring the blood vessel properties is calculated and the blood pressure value calculation formula is determined, the blood pressure value difference is calculated from the difference between the state when the blood vessel properties are measured and the blood pressure value at any time. The value can be calculated, and an easy and accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００５７】また、請求項３にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
脈波採取手段を人の動作の邪魔にならずかつ安定した脈
波が採取できる指基部に装着して血圧を算出するので、
携帯が容易でかつ正確な血圧値を算出できる。A portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 3 is
Since the blood pressure is calculated by attaching the pulse wave collecting means to the base of the finger which can collect a stable pulse wave without obstructing the operation of the person,
A portable and easy blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００５８】また、請求項４にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
脈波採取手段と記憶手段と演算手段のみ携帯すればよい
ので、携帯性のよい携帯型血圧計を提供できる。The portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 4 is
Since only the pulse wave collecting means, the storing means and the calculating means need to be carried, a portable sphygmomanometer with good portability can be provided.
【００５９】また、請求項５にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
生体への透過量の異なる様々な波長の光を切り替えて処
理するので、生体内部の生理状態詳しくし知ることがで
き精度の高い血圧値を算出できる。The portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 5 is
Since light of various wavelengths having different transmission amounts to the living body is switched and processed, the physiological state inside the living body can be understood in detail, and a highly accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００６０】また、請求項６にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
血管性状判定手段で得た被験者の血管性状と、脈波採取
手段から得た末梢血管の総ヘモグロビンの量から血圧の
増減による血液の増減を検出し人体の血圧を測定するの
で、正確な血圧値を算出できる。The portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 6 is
The blood pressure of the human body is measured by detecting the increase or decrease in blood pressure due to the increase or decrease in blood pressure from the blood vessel properties of the subject obtained by the blood vessel property determination means and the amount of total hemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessels obtained from the pulse wave collection means, so that the accurate blood pressure value is obtained. Can be calculated.
【００６１】また、請求項７にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
脈波採取手段から得た末梢血管の酸化ヘモグロビンの量
から血圧や酸素要求量の増減による血液の増減を検出し
人体の血圧を測定するので、正確な血圧値を算出でき
る。A portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 7 is
Since an increase or decrease in blood pressure due to an increase or decrease in blood pressure or oxygen demand is detected from the amount of oxyhemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessels obtained from the pulse wave collecting means and the blood pressure of the human body is measured, an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００６２】また、請求項８にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
血液や皮膚の吸光度を基準とした脈動の増減を用いて血
液の増減を検出し人体の血圧を測定するので、正確な血
圧値を算出できる。The portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 8 is
Since an increase or decrease in blood is detected using an increase or decrease in pulsation based on the absorbance of blood or skin to measure the blood pressure of a human body, an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【００６３】また、請求項９にかかる携帯型血圧計は、
血液循環と密接な関係がある加速度脈波の波形を指標化
した値を用いて人体の血圧を測定するので、正確な血圧
値を算出できる。A portable blood pressure monitor according to claim 9 is
Since the blood pressure of the human body is measured using a value obtained by indexing a waveform of an acceleration pulse wave closely related to blood circulation, an accurate blood pressure value can be calculated.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の携帯型血圧計のブロック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a portable blood pressure monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同携帯型血圧計の外観図FIG. 2 is an external view of the portable blood pressure monitor.
【図３】同携帯型血圧計のカフ圧と脈波の振幅との関係
図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between cuff pressure and pulse wave amplitude of the portable blood pressure monitor.
【図４】人の血管の圧力−容積特性図FIG. 4 is a pressure-volume characteristic diagram of a human blood vessel.
【図５】人の心電図、脈波、加速度脈波の波形図FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a human electrocardiogram, a pulse wave, and an acceleration pulse wave.
【図６】従来のカフを用いない携帯型血圧計のブロック
図FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a conventional portable sphygmomanometer without a cuff.
２２ カフ（圧力印加手段） ２４ 加圧ポンプ（加圧手段） ２６ 圧力センサ（圧力検出手段） ２７ 圧力信号増幅手段 ２８ 血圧値決定手段 ２９ 血管性状判定手段 ３０ 算出式決定手段 ３６ 脈波採取手段（光電容積脈波計） ３７ 記憶手段 ３８ 演算手段 ４２ 発光素子 ４３ 受光素子 Reference Signs List 22 cuff (pressure applying means) 24 pressurizing pump (pressurizing means) 26 pressure sensor (pressure detecting means) 27 pressure signal amplifying means 28 blood pressure value determining means 29 vascular property determining means 30 calculation formula determining means 36 pulse wave collecting means ( Photoplethysmograph) 37 Storage means 38 Calculation means 42 Light emitting element 43 Light receiving element
Claims (9)
により装着部位よりも心臓から遠い側への血液循環を阻
害させる圧力印加手段と、前記圧力印加手段に必要な圧
力を発生させ供給する加圧手段と、前記圧力印加手段が
前記人体に加える圧力を検出する圧力検出手段と、前記
圧力印加手段よりも心臓から遠い側にある部位に装着さ
れ血液循環により生ずる脈波を採取して出力する脈波採
取手段と、前記圧力検出手段の出力と前記脈波採取手段
の出力から前記人体の末梢血管の性状を判定する血管性
状判定手段と、前記血管性状判定手段の出力から前記脈
波採取手段の出力を用いて前記人体の血圧を算出するた
めの算出式を決定する算出式決定手段と、前記算出式決
定手段で決定された算出式を記憶する記憶手段と、前記
記憶手段が記憶した算出式を用いて前記脈波採取手段の
出力を演算し前記人体の血圧値を算出する演算手段とか
らなる携帯型血圧計。1. A pressure applying means which is attached to a part of a limb of a human body and pressurizes to inhibit blood circulation to a side farther from the heart than an attachment site, and generates a pressure necessary for the pressure applying means. A pressurizing means for supplying, a pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure applied to the human body by the pressure applying means, and a pulse wave generated by blood circulation, which is attached to a site farther from the heart than the pressure applying means, is collected. Pulse wave collecting means for outputting the pulse wave from the pressure detecting means and the output of the pulse wave collecting means to determine the properties of the peripheral blood vessels of the human body; and the pulse from the output of the blood vessel property determining means. A calculating formula determining means for determining a calculating formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using an output of the wave sampling means, a storing means for storing the calculating formula determined by the calculating formula determining means, and the storing means Remember Using calculation formula to calculate the output of the pulse wave collecting means comprising a calculating means for calculating a blood pressure value of the human body portable sphygmomanometer.
血圧値決定手段を持ち、算出式決定手段は血管性状判定
手段の出力と前記血圧値決定手段の出力とから脈波採取
手段の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定
する請求項１に記載の携帯型血圧計。2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a blood pressure value determining means for calculating a blood pressure value from an output of the pressure detecting means, wherein the calculating formula determining means determines an output of the pulse wave collecting means based on an output of the blood vessel property determining means and an output of the blood pressure value determining means. The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein a calculation formula for calculating a blood pressure of a human body is determined using the formula.
請求項１または２に記載の携帯型血圧計。3. The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the pulse wave sampling means is mounted on a finger base of a human body.
部分から分離可能で、前記脈波採取手段により新たに採
取された脈波と前記記憶手段に記憶された情報とから前
記演算手段により人体の血圧値を演算する請求項１ない
し３のいづれか１項に記載の携帯型血圧計。4. The pulse wave sampling means, the storage means and the arithmetic means are separable from other parts, and the arithmetic operation is performed on the basis of the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave sampling means and the information stored in the storage means. The portable blood pressure monitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blood pressure value of the human body is calculated by the means.
を放射して生体内で吸収を受けた光の量の変化を受光手
段により電気的な信号に変換して出力する光電容積脈波
計であり、前記発光手段は複数の波長光を時間的に切り
替えて生体に放射し、算出式決定手段はそれぞれの波長
光に対する受光手段の出力を用いて算出式を決定し、演
算手段はそれぞれの波長光に対する受光手段の出力を用
いて人体の血圧値を算出する請求項１ないし４のいづれ
か１項に記載の携帯型血圧計。5. A photoelectric volume pulse which emits light into a living body by a light emitting means and converts a change in the amount of light absorbed in the living body into an electric signal by a light receiving means and outputs the pulse signal. A wavemeter, wherein the light-emitting means emits a plurality of wavelengths of light to a living body by switching over time, the calculation formula determining means determines a calculation formula using an output of the light receiving means for each wavelength light, and the calculating means is The portable sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a blood pressure value of a human body is calculated using an output of the light receiving unit for each wavelength light.
の総ヘモグロビン量を算出する総ヘモグロビン量算出手
段を持ち、算出式決定手段では前記総ヘモグロビン量算
出手段の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決
定し、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈波か
らその時点における末梢血管の総ヘモグロビン量を算出
しこの値を記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入すること
により血圧値を算出する請求項５に記載の携帯型血圧
計。6. The calculating means has a total hemoglobin amount calculating means for calculating a total hemoglobin amount of a peripheral blood vessel from the obtained pulse wave waveform, and a calculating formula determining means uses the output of said total hemoglobin amount calculating means to calculate a human body. The calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure is determined, and the calculation means calculates the total hemoglobin amount of the peripheral blood vessels at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection means, and substitutes this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means. The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 5, wherein the blood pressure value is calculated.
の酸化ヘモグロビン量を算出する酸化ヘモグロビン量算
出手段を持ち、算出式決定手段では前記酸化ヘモグロビ
ン量算出手段の出力を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出
式を決定し、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した
脈波からその時点における末梢血管の酸化ヘモグロビン
量を算出しこの値を記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入
することにより血圧値を算出する請求項５に記載の携帯
型血圧計。7. An arithmetic means has an oxyhemoglobin amount calculating means for calculating an oxyhemoglobin amount of a peripheral blood vessel from the obtained pulse wave waveform, and a calculation formula deciding means uses the output of said oxyhemoglobin amount calculating means to calculate a human body. The calculation means for calculating the blood pressure is determined, and the calculation means calculates the amount of oxyhemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessel at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection means, and substitutes this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means. The portable sphygmomanometer according to claim 5, wherein the blood pressure value is calculated.
を放射して生体内で吸収を受けた光の量の変化を受光手
段により電気的な信号に変換して出力する光電容積脈波
計であり、算出式決定手段は受光手段の出力のＤＣ値と
ＡＣ値の比を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定
するとともに、演算手段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取し
た脈波から受光手段の出力のＤＣ値とＡＣ値の比を算出
しこの値を前記記憶手段に記憶された算出式に代入する
ことにより血圧値を算出する請求項１ないし５のいづれ
か１に記載の携帯型血圧計。8. A pulse wave collecting means which emits light into a living body by a light emitting means, converts a change in the amount of light absorbed in the living body into an electric signal by a light receiving means, and outputs the electric signal. The calculation formula determination means determines the calculation formula for calculating the blood pressure of the human body using the ratio of the DC value and the AC value of the output of the light receiving means, and the calculation means is newly obtained by the pulse wave collection means. 6. The blood pressure value according to claim 1, wherein a ratio between a DC value and an AC value of an output of the light receiving means is calculated from the pulse wave, and the calculated value is substituted into a calculation formula stored in the storage means. Portable blood pressure monitor.
して加速度脈波波形を算出する加速度脈波算出手段を持
ち、算出式決定手段では前記加速度脈波算出手段の出力
を用いて人体の血圧を算出する算出式を決定し、演算手
段は新たに脈波採取手段が採取した脈波からその時点に
おける加速度脈波を算出しこの値を記憶手段に記憶され
た算出式に代入することにより血圧値を算出する請求項
１ないし５のいづれか１項に記載の末梢血管性状判定装
置。9. The calculating means has acceleration pulse wave calculating means for calculating an acceleration pulse wave waveform by secondarily differentiating the output of the pulse wave collecting means, and the calculation formula determining means uses the output of the acceleration pulse wave calculating means. The calculation means calculates the acceleration pulse wave at that time from the pulse wave newly collected by the pulse wave collection means, and substitutes this value into the calculation formula stored in the storage means. The peripheral blood vessel property judging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the blood pressure value is calculated by performing the calculation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11027558A JP2000225097A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Portable blood pressure gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11027558A JP2000225097A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Portable blood pressure gauge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000225097A true JP2000225097A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
Family
ID=12224390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11027558A Pending JP2000225097A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Portable blood pressure gauge |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000225097A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003265446A (en) * | 2002-03-16 | 2003-09-24 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Diagnostic method and apparatus using light |
| JP2005066087A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Circulatory organ function determining device |
| CN109288507A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 三星电子株式会社 | For measuring the device and method of biometrics information |
| JP2019069236A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-09 | 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Blood pressure measurement device, wristwatch terminal, and blood pressure measurement method |
| US11344208B2 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2022-05-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Blood pressure measuring apparatus, wrist watch type terminal having the same, and method of measuring blood pressure |
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1999
- 1999-02-04 JP JP11027558A patent/JP2000225097A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003265446A (en) * | 2002-03-16 | 2003-09-24 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Diagnostic method and apparatus using light |
| JP2005066087A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Circulatory organ function determining device |
| JP4590844B2 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2010-12-01 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | Cardiovascular function judgment device |
| US11344208B2 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2022-05-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Blood pressure measuring apparatus, wrist watch type terminal having the same, and method of measuring blood pressure |
| CN109288507A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 三星电子株式会社 | For measuring the device and method of biometrics information |
| CN109288507B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2023-06-20 | 三星电子株式会社 | Apparatus and method for measuring biometric information |
| JP2019069236A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-09 | 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Blood pressure measurement device, wristwatch terminal, and blood pressure measurement method |
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