JP2000224917A - Culture medium and cultivation of crop - Google Patents

Culture medium and cultivation of crop

Info

Publication number
JP2000224917A
JP2000224917A JP11027510A JP2751099A JP2000224917A JP 2000224917 A JP2000224917 A JP 2000224917A JP 11027510 A JP11027510 A JP 11027510A JP 2751099 A JP2751099 A JP 2751099A JP 2000224917 A JP2000224917 A JP 2000224917A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
release
water retention
water
medium
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP11027510A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigetoshi Kimoto
成年 木元
Noriaki Harada
典明 原田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JNC Corp
Original Assignee
Chisso Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chisso Corp filed Critical Chisso Corp
Priority to JP11027510A priority Critical patent/JP2000224917A/en
Publication of JP2000224917A publication Critical patent/JP2000224917A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a culture medium scarcely causing water repellency even when the moisture content of the culture medium is reduced by drying and capable of remarkably reducing the load on operations in spraying of an agrochemical, preparation of the culture medium and control of disease insect pests by including a specific water holding material containing coconut shells and a coated agrochemical granule. SOLUTION: This culture medium contains a water holding material containing coconut shells and a coated agrochemical granule and the true specific gravity of the water holding material measured by a soil three-phase meter is within the range of 1.5-3.5 g/cm3. At this time, the water holding material is preferably granular and the moisture content (X) of the water holding material is preferably within the range of 0<X<=30 wt.%. The coated agrochemical granule preferably has time limit release type sustained release functions comprising a release suppressing period in which the release of the agrochemical components is suppressed for a prescribed time after the application and a release period in which the release of the agrochemical components is sustained after the passage of a prescribed period.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は培地および該培地を
用いた作物の栽培方法に関する。更に詳しくは、椰子殻
を含有する保水材と被覆農薬粒剤とを含有する培地であ
って、土壌三相計で測定した保水材の真比重が1.5〜
3.5g/cm3の範囲であることを特徴とする培地、
および該培地を用いた作物の栽培方法に関する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a culture medium and a method for cultivating a crop using the culture medium. More specifically, a medium containing a coconut shell-containing water retention material and a coated pesticide granule, wherein the true specific gravity of the water retention material measured by a soil three-phase meter is 1.5 to
A medium characterized by a range of 3.5 g / cm 3 ,
And a method for cultivating a crop using the medium.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】育苗をはじめとした作物栽培用の資材で
ある培地は、これまでは農家自身が自前の天然土壌を用
いて作製していた。培地の作製作業には消毒、肥料の添
加、pHをはじめとする理化学性の調整等があり、また
土壌自体の比重も重いことから、培地の作製作業は農家
にとって大きな負担であった。この培地作製作業の軽減
を目的とし、近年、天然土壌と比べて比較的軽量な、ピ
ートモスや椰子殻等の植物系繊維素材を有効成分とした
ソイルレス系の培地原材料を用い、予め消毒、肥料の添
加、pHをはじめとする理化学性の調整等を済ませた培
土が販売され、普及している。
2. Description of the Related Art In the past, a culture medium, which is a material for cultivating crops such as seedlings, has been produced by farmers themselves using their own natural soil. The work of preparing the medium involves disinfection, addition of fertilizer, adjustment of physicochemical properties such as pH, and the like, and the specific gravity of the soil itself is heavy. For the purpose of reducing this medium production work, in recent years, using soilless medium raw materials, which are relatively lighter than natural soil and contain plant fiber materials such as peat moss and coconut shells as active ingredients, disinfection and fertilizer Cultured soil after addition, adjustment of physicochemical properties such as pH, etc. is sold and widely used.

【0003】一方、農家にとって培土の作製と共に重要
な作業である病害虫の防除作業は、これまで農薬成分を
含有する農薬製剤を粒剤、粉剤、若しくは水和剤の状態
で発生時期に合わせて施用していた。農薬製剤が粒剤の
場合には、該粒剤を水田に均一散布する方法が採られて
おり、農薬製剤が粉剤若しくは水和剤の場合には、該粉
剤若しくは水和剤を茎葉に直接散布する方法が採られて
おり、これら除草作業も培地の作製作業と同様、就農者
が高齢化している農家にとっては大きな負担であった。
また、病害虫の防除作業においては、前述のように粒
状、粉状若しくは液状の農薬製剤を散布作業者が直接水
田に持ち込むため、散布作業者自身が散布時に、該製剤
を口若しくは鼻腔から体内に吸引してしまう恐れがあ
り、危険な作業であった。
[0003] On the other hand, pest control, which is an important task for farmers as well as the preparation of soil, involves applying pesticide formulations containing pesticide components in the form of granules, powders, or wettable powders according to the time of occurrence. Was. When the pesticide formulation is a granule, a method of uniformly applying the granule to a paddy field has been adopted, and when the pesticide formulation is a dust or a wettable powder, the dust or wettable powder is directly sprayed on foliage. This weeding work, like the work of preparing the culture medium, was a heavy burden on farmers whose farmers were aging.
In addition, in the pest control work, as described above, since the sprayer directly brings the granular, powdery or liquid pesticide formulation into the paddy field, the sprayer himself sprays the formulation into the body from the mouth or nasal cavity at the time of spraying. It was dangerous work because it could be sucked.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前述の
植物系繊維材料を有効成分とするソイルレス系の培地
は、天然土壌を主成分とする培地と比べ軽量である。更
に軽量化する場合には、乾燥により水分含有率を下げる
ことによって達成される。しかしながら、乾燥により軽
量化された場合には該培地に撥水性が生じ、培地として
の吸水性・保水性を阻害すると云った問題点があった。
そこで、従来は植物系繊維材料を含む培地においては、
撥水性を発現させない目的で予め該培地の含有水分率を
40〜60重量%に調整する必要があった。このため植
物系繊維材料を有効成分とするソイルレス系の培地で
は、十分な軽量化は達成されていなかった。
However, a soilless medium containing the above-mentioned plant fiber material as an active ingredient is lighter than a medium containing natural soil as a main component. Further weight reduction is achieved by lowering the moisture content by drying. However, when the weight of the medium is reduced by drying, there is a problem that the medium becomes water-repellent and inhibits water absorption and water retention as the medium.
Therefore, conventionally in a medium containing plant fiber material,
For the purpose of not exhibiting water repellency, it was necessary to previously adjust the water content of the medium to 40 to 60% by weight. For this reason, in a soilless medium containing a plant fiber material as an active ingredient, sufficient weight reduction has not been achieved.

【0005】また、農薬散布作業の軽減、及び散布作業
時の安全性向上を目的とし、農薬粒子を被膜材料で被覆
した被覆農薬粒剤が開発され、さらには該被覆農薬粒剤
を用いた育苗用資材として特開平9−233952号公
報に開示の時限放出型被覆農薬粒剤を含有する水稲用育
苗培土、特開平10−4783号公報に開示の時限放出
型被覆農薬粒剤を含有する園芸用育苗培土が開発されて
いる。しかしながら、これらの被覆農薬粒剤を含有した
培地を、農業従事者が直接水田に搬入する必要があり、
その点を加味すると作業負担の軽減が十分であったとは
言い難い。
[0005] Further, for the purpose of reducing the pesticide spraying work and improving the safety during the spraying work, coated pesticide granules in which pesticide particles are coated with a coating material have been developed, and seedlings using the coated pesticide granules have been developed. Raising seedling cultivation soil for paddy rice containing time-release coated pesticide granules disclosed in JP-A-9-233952 as a material for horticulture containing time-release coated pesticide granules disclosed in JP-A-10-4783 Seedling culture is being developed. However, culture media containing these coated pesticide granules need to be brought directly to paddy fields by farmers,
Taking this point into account, it is difficult to say that the reduction of the work load was sufficient.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記従来
技術の問題点に鑑み鋭意研究を重ねた結果、椰子殻を含
有する保水材と被覆農薬粒剤とを含有する培地であっ
て、土壌三相計で測定した保水材の真比重が1.5〜
3.5g/cm3の範囲であることを特徴とする培地で
あれば、乾燥により培地の水分含有率を低くした場合で
あっても撥水性が生じ難く、且つ農薬散布作業の大幅な
軽減が可能であり、培土作製における作業負担、並びに
病害虫防除における作業負担の大幅な軽減が可能である
ことを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成させ
た。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and as a result, have found that a medium containing a water retention material containing coconut shell and a coated pesticide granule is obtained. , The true specific gravity of the water retention material measured by soil three-phase meter is 1.5 ~
If the medium is characterized by a range of 3.5 g / cm 3 , water repellency is unlikely to occur even when the moisture content of the medium is reduced by drying, and the pesticide spraying work is greatly reduced. The present invention was found to be possible, and it was possible to greatly reduce the work load in the preparation of soil culture and the work load in pest control, and completed the present invention based on this finding.

【0007】本発明は下記の(1)〜(6)の構成を有
する。 (1)椰子殻を含有する保水材と被覆農薬粒剤とを含有
する培地であって、土壌三相計で測定した保水材の真比
重が1.5〜3.5g/cm3の範囲であることを特徴
とする培地。 (2)保水材が粒状である前記第1項に記載の培地。 (3)保水材の含有水分率(X)が、0重量%<X≦3
0重量%の範囲である前記大1または2項に記載の培
地。 (4)被覆農薬粒材が、施用後一定期間農薬成分の放出
が抑制された放出抑制期間と、一定期間経過後農薬成分
の放出が持続する放出期間とからなる時限放出型の徐放
機能を有する被覆農薬粒剤である前記第1〜3項の何れ
か1項に記載の培地。 (5)前記第1〜4項の何れか1項に記載の培地を使用
することを特徴とする作物の栽培方法。
The present invention has the following constitutions (1) to (6). (1) A medium containing a coconut shell-containing water retention material and a coated pesticide granule, wherein the true specific gravity of the water retention material measured by a soil three-phase meter is in the range of 1.5 to 3.5 g / cm 3 . A medium characterized by the following. (2) The medium according to the above item 1, wherein the water retention material is granular. (3) The moisture content (X) of the water retention material is 0% by weight <X ≦ 3.
3. The medium according to the above 1 or 2, which is in a range of 0% by weight. (4) The coated pesticide granule has a timed release type sustained release function comprising a release suppression period in which the release of the pesticide component is suppressed for a certain period of time after application and a release period in which the release of the pesticide component continues after a certain period of time. 4. The culture medium according to any one of the above items 1 to 3, which is a coated pesticide granule. (5) A method for cultivating a crop, comprising using the medium according to any one of the above items 1 to 4.

【0008】本発明で用いる椰子殻とは、椰子の実の果
皮から外果皮および内果皮を除去し、取り出された中果
皮に由来する繊維状物および木質部分であり、中果皮全
体を裁断粉砕等により、繊維状物と木質部分の混合物と
したものや、コイアダストと呼ばれる中果皮から更に有
用成分(剛長繊維および中短繊維)を除いた残りの細短
繊維および木質部分の混合物としたものを意味する。こ
の木質部分とは中果皮の繊維間を埋めるように構成する
ものである。特に、コイアダストは、有用成分である繊
維採取工程に伴って大量に発生(中果皮全体の約60重
量%)するものであり、従来は廃棄処分されていたもの
である。また、コイアダストは繊維採取工程の不要成分
として採取されるため、細短繊維および木質部分の中に
は多少の長中繊維も混在している。
[0008] The coconut shell used in the present invention is a fibrous material and a woody portion derived from the mesocarp which is obtained by removing the outer rind and the inner rind from the peel of the coconut, and the whole mesocarp is cut and pulverized. A mixture of fibrous materials and woody parts, or a mixture of remaining short fibers and woody parts obtained by removing useful components (rigid fibers and medium and short fibers) from mesocarp called coir dust Means The woody portion is configured to fill the space between the fibers of the mesocarp. In particular, coir dust is generated in large quantities (approximately 60% by weight of the entire mesocarp) in association with the fiber collecting step, which is a useful component, and has conventionally been disposed of. In addition, since coir dust is collected as an unnecessary component in the fiber collecting step, some short and long fibers are mixed in the short fibers and the woody portion.

【0009】その製法は次の通りである。 椰子の実から、果汁、胚乳、内果皮部分を除いた外・
中果皮を乾燥する。 乾燥された外・中果皮は4〜6週間淡水に浸し、余分
なタンニン、塩化物を除去する(アク抜き)と共にふや
けさせる。 柔らかくなった外・中果皮から、ロープ、マットおよ
びマットレスに使用される剛長繊維・中短繊維を分離
し、残さいとして副生する細短繊維と木質部分を採取す
る。 採取された細短繊維と木質部分は、水分を80〜90
重量%含有しているが、脱水工程により40〜50重量
%とし、天日または熱風乾燥により、水分率20重量%
とする。 更にこの乾燥品は、燻蒸消毒・殺菌工程を経て、コン
タミ除去・粒度調整を行う。
The manufacturing method is as follows. From the coconut, the juice, endosperm and inner skin are removed.
Dry the mesocarp. The dried outer / mesocarp is soaked in fresh water for 4 to 6 weeks to remove excess tannins and chlorides (without removing water) and to soak. From the soft outer and mesocarp, the rigid fibers and medium and short fibers used for ropes, mats and mattresses are separated, and the by-produced short fibers and woody parts are collected as residues. The collected short fibers and woody parts are hydrated at 80-90.
Although the content is 40% to 50% by weight in the dehydration step, the moisture content is 20% by weight in the sun or hot air drying.
And Further, the dried product is subjected to a fumigation disinfection / sterilization process to remove contamination and adjust the particle size.

【0010】以上のように、ロープ、マットおよびマッ
トレスに使用される剛長・中短繊維を除いた残さいがコ
イアダストであり、別名コイア、ピス等とも呼ばれ、従
来は廃棄処分されていたものである。即ち、本発明は廃
棄物の有効利用につながる。
[0010] As described above, the residue excluding the rigid and medium and short fibers used for ropes, mats and mattresses is coir dust, which is also called coir, pis, etc., and is conventionally discarded. It is. That is, the present invention leads to effective use of waste.

【0011】コイアダストを採取する椰子の種類として
は、特に限定されるものではないが、スリランカ産のコ
コ椰子から良質の剛い繊維が採取されるため、ロープ、
マットおよびマットレス等の繊維製品に好適に使用さ
れ、コイアダストの排出量も多い。このため、スリラン
カ産のココ椰子のコイアダストは、品質および安定供給
の点で優れており好適に用いられる。
[0011] The type of palm from which coir dust is collected is not particularly limited. However, since high-quality rigid fibers are collected from coco palms from Sri Lanka, ropes,
It is suitably used for textiles such as mats and mattresses, and emits a lot of coir dust. For this reason, coco palm coir dust from Sri Lanka is excellent in terms of quality and stable supply, and is preferably used.

【0012】本発明に用いる保水材は、前述の椰子殻を
含有し、且つ土壌三相計で測定した真比重(以下「真比
重」と記述する)が1.5〜3.5g/cm3の範囲の
ものである。本発明における保水材は、前述の椰子殻の
みからなるものであっても良いが、該椰子殻以外の成分
を含むものであっても良い。保水材中の椰子殻の含有量
は、保水材全量に対し10重量%以上であることが好ま
しく、10重量%未満では培地の軽量化への寄与が少な
い。
The water retention material used in the present invention contains the above-mentioned coconut shell and has a true specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as “true specific gravity”) of 1.5 to 3.5 g / cm 3 as measured by a soil three-phase meter. Of the range. The water retention material in the present invention may be composed of only the above-mentioned coconut shell, or may contain components other than the coconut shell. The content of the coconut shell in the water retention material is preferably at least 10% by weight based on the total amount of the water retention material, and if it is less than 10% by weight, the contribution to the weight reduction of the culture medium is small.

【0013】椰子殻以外の成分としては、バーミキュラ
イト、パーライト、ゼオライト、ロックウール等の鉱物
類、樹皮、木材パルプ、もみ殻、おが屑、木炭等の草木
類、吸水性ポリマー、ピートモス等の植物性繊維材料を
挙げることができる。これらの中でも、植物性繊維材料
は比較的安価で供給が安定しており、本発明においては
好ましく用いることができる。ピートモス等の材料は乾
燥により撥水性が発現することから、保水材における含
有割合(該椰子殻/植物性繊維材料)は重量比で2.0
以上であることが好ましい。
[0013] Components other than coconut shells include minerals such as vermiculite, perlite, zeolite and rock wool, bark, wood pulp, rice husk, sawdust, charcoal and other vegetation, water-absorbing polymers, and vegetable fibers such as peat moss. Materials can be mentioned. Among these, the vegetable fiber material is relatively inexpensive and has a stable supply, and can be preferably used in the present invention. Since the material such as peat moss exhibits water repellency upon drying, the content ratio (the coconut shell / vegetable fiber material) in the water retention material is 2.0 by weight.
It is preferable that it is above.

【0014】該真比重の制御は、保水材に後述の加工方
法によって剪断力および/または圧縮力を加えることに
より可能である。保水材の真比重が1.5g/cm3
満の場合には、培土を乾燥させ低水分とした時に撥水性
が発現し、吸水・保水特性が悪化し、該真比重が3.5
g/cm 3を超える場合には、培地の原材料としては重
くなり、作業性が悪化する。該真比重のより好ましい範
囲は1.6〜2.5g/cm3である。保水材の真比重
を前述の範囲にすることにより、乾燥により培地の含有
水分率を低く抑えた場合であっても、散水の際の撥水性
が生じにくくなる。従って、本発明であれば培地の水分
を極限まで下げることが出来、培地の大幅な軽量化が達
成できる。
The control of the true specific gravity is performed by using
Applying shearing and / or compressive forces by the method
More possible. The true specific gravity of the water retention material is 1.5 g / cmThreeNot yet
When full, water repellency when soil is dried to low moisture
And the water absorption / water retention characteristics deteriorate, and the true specific gravity becomes 3.5.
g / cm ThreeIf the amount exceeds
And workability deteriorates. A more preferable range of the true specific gravity
The range is 1.6 to 2.5 g / cmThreeIt is. True specific gravity of water retention material
To the above-mentioned range, the content of the culture medium by drying
Water repellency when watering, even when moisture content is kept low
Is less likely to occur. Therefore, according to the present invention, the water content of the medium
Can be reduced to the utmost, and the weight of the culture medium is significantly reduced.
Can be achieved.

【0015】また、本発明に使用する保水材の形状は、
特に限定されるものではなく、粉状であっても粒状であ
っても良いが、本発明においては取り扱い易さの点から
粒状であることが好ましい。また、粒状の保水材と粉状
の保水材との混合物であっても構わない。粒状にする方
法は特に限定されるものではないが、以下に挙げる加工
方法で粒状化することが好ましい。
The shape of the water retention material used in the present invention is as follows:
It is not particularly limited, and may be powdery or granular. However, in the present invention, it is preferable to be granular from the viewpoint of easy handling. Further, a mixture of a granular water retaining material and a powdery water retaining material may be used. The method of granulation is not particularly limited, but is preferably granulated by the following processing method.

【0016】好ましい加工方法としては、押出造粒法、
圧縮造粒法、転動造粒法、噴霧乾燥造粒法、流動層造粒
法、破砕造粒法、攪拌造粒法およびコーティング造粒法
等の造粒法が挙げられる。その中でも、剪断力、および
/または圧縮力を加えることが可能な方法である、押出
造粒法と圧縮・粉砕造粒法による加工が特に好ましい。
押出造粒方式としては、例えば、スクリュー型である前
押出式、横押出式、真空押出式および前処理兼用式、ロ
ール型であるディスクダイ式やリングダイ式、ブレード
型であるバスケット式やオシレーティング式、自己成形
型であるギヤー式やシリンダー式、ラム型である連続式
や断続式等が挙げられ、圧縮・粉砕造粒方式としては、
タブレッティング法とロールプレス法等が挙げられる。
Preferred processing methods include extrusion granulation,
Granulation methods such as a compression granulation method, a tumbling granulation method, a spray drying granulation method, a fluidized bed granulation method, a crushing granulation method, a stirring granulation method, and a coating granulation method. Among them, processing by an extrusion granulation method and a compression / crushing granulation method, which are methods capable of applying a shearing force and / or a compressive force, is particularly preferable.
Examples of the extrusion granulation method include a screw type pre-extrusion method, a horizontal extrusion method, a vacuum extrusion method and a combination pretreatment method, a roll type disk die type and a ring die type, a blade type basket type and an oscillary type. Rating type, gear type or cylinder type which is a self-molding type, continuous type or intermittent type which is a ram type, etc.
A tabletting method and a roll pressing method are exemplified.

【0017】上述の加工方法によって得られる粒状保水
材の形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、球状、楕円
球状、ペレット状および多面体状等のいずれであっても
よい。粒状保水材の大きさは、最長部の平均が、該保水
剤と混合する被覆農薬粒剤の平均粒径の3倍以下である
ことが好ましい。その目安としては最も大きい粒状のも
のでも最長部分で2〜15mmとすることが好ましく、
つまり15mmを超えると、保水材と被覆農薬粒剤とを
混合する際に分級が生じ易くなる。
The shape of the particulate water retaining material obtained by the above-mentioned processing method is not particularly limited, and may be any of a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, a pellet shape, a polyhedral shape and the like. As for the size of the granular water retention material, the average of the longest part is preferably not more than three times the average particle size of the coated pesticide granule mixed with the water retention agent. As a guide, it is preferable that the longest part is 2 to 15 mm even for the largest granular material,
In other words, if it exceeds 15 mm, classification is likely to occur when mixing the water retention material and the coated pesticide granules.

【0018】本発明に使用する保水材の含有水分率X
は、特に限定されるものではないが、0重量%<X≦3
0重量%の範囲であることが好ましく、より好ましくは
0重量%<X≦20重量%の範囲である。含有水分率を
完全に0重量%にすることは、空気中の湿気等により含
有水分率が経時的に変化し易いため、工業的には困難で
ある。一方、含有水分率が30重量%を超える場合に
は、培地に含まれる水分が被覆農薬粒剤の放出機能に悪
影響を及ぼす場合がある。また、本発明の培地に化学的
に溶解度を調整した緩効性肥料や、粒状肥料の表面を被
膜材で被覆した被覆肥料を配合する場合には、該水分に
より肥料成分が経時的に溶解・溶出する恐れがある。本
発明における含有水分は、下記式によって求めたもので
あり、下記式の保水材重量は、保水材を105℃で24
時間乾燥させ、乾燥前後の重量差から求めた値である。 式:保水材が含む水分重量/保水材全重量(固形分+水
分)×100
The water content X of the water retention material used in the present invention X
Is not particularly limited, but 0% by weight <X ≦ 3
It is preferably in the range of 0% by weight, and more preferably in the range of 0% by weight <X ≦ 20% by weight. It is industrially difficult to completely reduce the moisture content to 0% by weight because the moisture content easily changes with time due to moisture in the air and the like. On the other hand, when the moisture content exceeds 30% by weight, the moisture contained in the culture medium may adversely affect the release function of the coated pesticide granule. When a slow-release fertilizer whose solubility is chemically adjusted in the medium of the present invention or a coated fertilizer in which the surface of a granular fertilizer is coated with a coating material, the fertilizer component is dissolved and dissolved by the water over time. May elute. The water content in the present invention is determined by the following equation.
It is a value determined from the weight difference before and after drying after drying for an hour. Formula: weight of water contained in water retention material / total weight of water retention material (solid content + moisture) x 100

【0019】本発明培地の被覆農薬粒剤とは、農薬を含
有する粒子(以下「芯材」と記述する)の表面を被膜材
料で被覆したものである。農薬としては、主として殺
虫、殺菌、除草および植物成長調整のほか殺ダニ、殺線
虫等の作用を有するものを挙げることができ、さらに農
薬には忌避剤や誘引剤も含まれる。本発明で使用する農
薬は、常温で固体の粉状であることが好ましいが常温で
液体であっても許容される。また、本発明に使用する農
薬は浸透移行性を有するものであることが好ましい。本
発明に利用できる農薬の具体例を下記に挙げるがこれら
はあくまでも例示であり限定されるものではない。ま
た、芯材が含有する農薬は1種であっても、2種以上の
複合成分からなるものであっても良い。
The coated pesticide granules of the culture medium of the present invention are particles obtained by coating the surface of particles containing pesticides (hereinafter referred to as "core material") with a coating material. Examples of the pesticides include those having an action of miticide, nematicide, etc. in addition to insecticide, sterilization, weeding and plant growth regulation, and further include repellents and attractants. The pesticide used in the present invention is preferably in the form of a solid powder at room temperature, but may be liquid at room temperature. Further, it is preferable that the pesticide used in the present invention has osmotic transferability. Specific examples of the pesticides that can be used in the present invention are shown below, but these are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, the core material may contain one kind of pesticide or two or more kinds of composite components.

【0020】例えば殺虫作用のあるものとしては、
(E)−N1−〔(6−クロロ−3−ピリジル)メチ
ル〕−N2−シアノ−N1−メチルアセトアミジン(一般
名:アセタミプリド)、1−(6−クロロ−3−ピリジ
ルメチル)−N−ニトロイミダゾリジン−2−イリデン
アミン(一般名:イミダクロプリド)、O,O−ジエチ
ル−S−2−(エチルチオ)エチルホスホロジチオエー
ト(一般名:エチルチオメトン)、1,3−ビス(カル
バモイルチオ)−2−(N,N−ジメチルアミノ)プロ
パン塩酸塩(一般名:カルタップ)、
For example, those having an insecticidal action include:
(E) -N 1 - [(6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl] -N 2 - cyano -N 1 - methyl acetamidine (common name: acetamiprid), 1- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine (generic name: imidacloprid), O, O-diethyl-S-2- (ethylthio) ethyl phosphorodithioate (generic name: ethylthiomethone), 1,3-bis (carbamoylthio)- 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) propane hydrochloride (general name: Cartap),

【0021】2,3−ジヒドロ−2,2−ジメチル−7
−ベンゾ〔b〕フラニル=N−ジブチルアミノチオ−N
−メチルカルバマート(一般名:カルボスルファン)、
(2−イソプロピル−4−メチルピリミジル−6)−ジ
エチルチオホスフェート(一般名:ダイアジノン)、5
−ジメチルアミノ −1,2,3−トリチアンシュウ酸
塩(一般名:チオシクラム)、(E)−N−(6−クロ
ロ−3−ピリジルメチル)−N−エチル−N´−メチル
−2−ニトロビニリデンジアミン(一般名:ニテンピラ
ム)、O,O−ジプロピル−O−4−メチルチオフェニ
ルホスフェート(一般名:プロバホス)、
2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7
-Benzo [b] furanyl = N-dibutylaminothio-N
-Methyl carbamate (generic name: carbosulfan),
(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-6) -diethylthiophosphate (generic name: diazinon), 5
-Dimethylamino-1,2,3-trithiane oxalate (generic name: thiocyclam), (E) -N- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -N-ethyl-N'-methyl-2- Nitrovinylidene diamine (generic name: nitenpyram), O, O-dipropyl-O-4-methylthiophenyl phosphate (generic name: probafos),

【0022】5−ブロモ−3−セコンダリ−ブチル−6
−メチルウラシル(一般名:ブロマシル)、エチル=N
−〔2,3−ジヒドロ−2,2−ジメチルベンゾフラン
−7−イルオキシカルボニル(メチル)アミノチオ〕−
N−イソプロピル−β−アラニナート(一般名:ベンフ
ラカルブ)、2−クロロ−4,6−ビス(エチルアミ
ノ)−1,3,5−トリアジン(一般名:CAT)、3
−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)−1,1ジメチル尿素
(一般名:DCMU)、1−ナフチル−N−メチルカー
バメート(一般名:NAC)、2−イソプロポキシフェ
ニル−N−メチルカーバメート(一般名:PHC)等が
挙げられ、
5-bromo-3-secondary-butyl-6
-Methyluracil (generic name: Bromacil), ethyl = N
-[2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl (methyl) aminothio]-
N-isopropyl-β-alaninate (generic name: benfracarb), 2-chloro-4,6-bis (ethylamino) -1,3,5-triazine (generic name: CAT), 3
-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) -1,1 dimethyl urea (generic name: DCMU), 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate (generic name: NAC), 2-isopropoxyphenyl-N-methylcarbamate (generic name: PHC) and the like,

【0023】殺菌作用のあるものとしては、ジイソプロ
ピル−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イリデン−マロネート
(一般名:イソプロチオラン)、5−メチル−1,2,
4−トリアゾロ〔3,4−b〕ベンゾチアゾール(一般
名:トリシクラゾール)、1,2,5,6テトラヒドロ
ピロロ〔3,2,1−ij〕キノリン−4−オン(一般
名:ピロキロン)、3−アリルオキシ−1,2−ベンゾ
イソチアゾール−1,1−ジオキシド(一般名:プロベ
ナゾール)等が挙げられ、
As those having a bactericidal action, diisopropyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene-malonate (general name: isoprothiolane), 5-methyl-1,2,2
4-triazolo [3,4-b] benzothiazole (generic name: tricyclazole), 1,2,5,6 tetrahydropyrrolo [3,2,1-ij] quinolin-4-one (generic name: pyroquilon), 3 -Allyloxy-1,2-benzoisothiazole-1,1-dioxide (generic name: probenazole) and the like;

【0024】除草作用のあるものとしては、2−クロロ
−4−エチルアミノ−6−イソプロピルアミノ−s−ト
リアジン(一般名:アトラジン)、1−(2−クロロイ
ミダソ[1,2−a]ピリジン−3−イルスルホニル)
−3−(4,6−ジメトキシピリミジン−2−イル)尿
素(一般名:イマゾスルフロン)、S−ベンジル=1,
2−ジメチルプロピル(エチル)チオカルバマート(一
般名:エスプロカルブ)、2−メチルチオ−4,6−ビ
ス(エチルアミノ)−s−トリアジン(一般名:シメト
リン)、S−1−メチル−1−フェニルエチル=ピペリ
ジン−1−カルボチオアート(一般名:ジメピペレー
ト)、1−(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)−3−(パラ
トリル)尿素(一般名:ダイムロン)、
Examples of those having a herbicidal action include 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine (generic name: atrazine), 1- (2-chloroimidazo [1,2-a] pyridine- 3-ylsulfonyl)
-3- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea (generic name: imazosulfuron), S-benzyl = 1,
2-dimethylpropyl (ethyl) thiocarbamate (generic name: esprocarb), 2-methylthio-4,6-bis (ethylamino) -s-triazine (generic name: simethrin), S-1-methyl-1-phenyl Ethyl = piperidine-1-carbothioate (generic name: dimepiperate), 1- (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -3- (paratolyl) urea (generic name: Daimron),

【0025】2−クロロ−N−(3−メトキシ−2−テ
ニル)−2´,6´−ジメチルアセトアニリド(一般
名:テニルクロール)、α−(2−ナフトキシ)プロピ
オンアニリド(一般名:ナプロアニリド)、4−(2,
4−ジクロロベンゾイル)−1,3−ジメチル−5−ピ
ラゾリル−p−トルエンスルホネート(一般名:ピラゾ
レート)、S−(4−クロロベンジル)−N,N−ジエ
チルチオカーバメート(一般名:ベンチオカーブ)、2
−ベンゾチアゾール−2−イルオキシ−N−メチルアセ
トアニリド(一般名:メフェナセット)等が挙げられ、
2-chloro-N- (3-methoxy-2-thenyl) -2 ′, 6′-dimethylacetanilide (generic name: phenylchlor), α- (2-naphthoxy) propionanilide (generic name: naproanilide), 4- (2,
4-dichlorobenzoyl) -1,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolyl-p-toluenesulfonate (generic name: pyrazolate), S- (4-chlorobenzyl) -N, N-diethylthiocarbamate (generic name: benthiocarb), 2
-Benzothiazol-2-yloxy-N-methylacetanilide (generic name: mefenacet);

【0026】植物成長調整作用のあるものとしては、4
´−クロロ−2´−(α−ヒドロキシベンジル)イソニ
コチンアニリド(一般名:イナベンフィド)、(E)−
(S)1−(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチル
−2−(1H−1,2,4−トリアゾール−1−イル)
ペンタ−1−エン−3−オール(一般名:ウニコナゾー
ルP)、過酸化カルシウム、(2RS,3RS)−1−
(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチル−2−(1
H−1,2,4−トリアゾール−1−イル)ペンタン−
3−オール(一般名:パクロブトラゾール)等を挙げる
ことができる。更に、本発明における農薬活性成分とし
ては植物によって合成され、植物体内に蓄積する低分子
の抗菌性物質であるファイトアレキシンを誘導する物質
も含まれる。
As those having a plant growth regulating action, 4
'-Chloro-2'-(α-hydroxybenzyl) isonicotinanilide (generic name: inabenfide), (E)-
(S) 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)
Penta-1-en-3-ol (generic name: uniconazole P), calcium peroxide, (2RS, 3RS) -1-
(4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1
H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentane-
3-ol (generic name: paclobutrazol) and the like can be mentioned. Further, the pesticidal active ingredient in the present invention also includes a substance that is synthesized by plants and induces phytoalexin, which is a low-molecular-weight antibacterial substance that accumulates in plants.

【0027】芯材の粒径は特に制限はないが、0.3m
m以上、好ましくは0.7〜5.0mmの範囲であり、
より好ましくは0.7〜2.0mmの範囲である。粒径
0.3mm未満では被覆が困難であり、製造上、均一混
合のしやすさ、取り扱い易さの点で0.7〜5.0mm
であることが好ましい。粒径は篩いを用いることにより
容易に選択することができる。
The particle size of the core material is not particularly limited.
m or more, preferably in the range of 0.7 to 5.0 mm,
More preferably, it is in the range of 0.7 to 2.0 mm. If the particle size is less than 0.3 mm, it is difficult to coat, and in production, 0.7 to 5.0 mm in terms of easy mixing and handling.
It is preferred that The particle size can be easily selected by using a sieve.

【0028】被膜材料は限定されるものではないが、有
機材料、無機材料の何れを選択してもよく、無機材料と
しては硫黄を挙げることができ、有機材料としては樹脂
を挙げることができる。樹脂としては、例えばオレフィ
ン系重合体、塩化ビニリデン系重合体、塩化ビニル系重
合体、ジエン系重合体、ワックス類、ポリエステル、石
油樹脂、天然樹脂、油脂およびその変性物、ならびにア
ルキド樹脂、フェノール樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂
等の熱硬化性樹脂を挙げることができる。これら樹脂の
中では、放出抑制に効果のある透湿性の小さなオレフィ
ン系重合体が、好ましく使用することが出来る。またそ
の中でも、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−
プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−一酸化炭素共重合体が
特に好ましい。
Although the coating material is not limited, any of an organic material and an inorganic material may be selected. Examples of the inorganic material include sulfur, and examples of the organic material include resin. Examples of the resin include olefin polymers, vinylidene chloride polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, diene polymers, waxes, polyesters, petroleum resins, natural resins, oils and fats and modified products thereof, and alkyd resins and phenol resins. And thermosetting resins such as urea resin and melamine resin. Among these resins, an olefin polymer having a small moisture permeability, which is effective in controlling release, can be preferably used. Among them, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-
A propylene copolymer and an ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer are particularly preferred.

【0029】被覆農薬粒剤の放出機能は、特に制限され
るものではないが、時限放出型の徐放機能(時限放出機
能)を有する被覆農薬粒剤は、本来圃場で施用する分の
農薬成分を被覆農薬流剤の形態で、培地中に含有させた
場合であっても、育苗時における薬害が発生し難いこと
から、本発明において好ましく用いることができる。
The release function of the coated pesticide granule is not particularly limited, but the coated pesticide granule having the time-release type sustained release function (timed release function) is a pesticide component which is originally applied in the field. Can be preferably used in the present invention, since even if it is contained in a medium in the form of a coated pesticide in a culture medium, phytotoxicity hardly occurs during seedling raising.

【0030】時限放出型の徐放機能とは、施用後一定期
間農薬有効成分の放出が抑制された放出抑制期間と、一
定期間経過後農薬有効成分の放出が持続する放出期間と
からなる放出機能を意味し、具体的には施用後から農薬
粒子中の農薬有効成分が10重量%放出するまでの期間
を放出抑制期間(以後「d1」と記述する)とし、10
重量%放出日から90重量%放出日に到るまでの期間を
放出期間(以後「d2」と記述する)とした場合、d1
/d2の比率が0.2以上である放出機能を意味する。
The timed release type sustained release function is a release function comprising a release suppression period in which the release of the pesticide active ingredient is suppressed for a certain period of time after application, and a release period in which the release of the pesticide active ingredient is continued after a certain period of time. Specifically, a period from application to the release of 10% by weight of the pesticidal active ingredient in the pesticide particles is referred to as a release suppression period (hereinafter referred to as “d1”).
When a period from the weight% release date to the 90% by weight release date is defined as a release period (hereinafter referred to as “d2”), d1
It means a release function where the ratio of / d2 is 0.2 or more.

【0031】この時限放出機能は、何れの機構によるも
のであっても構わない。農薬は一般的に水に難溶である
ことから、被膜内部の農薬成分が被膜の外へ放出される
には被膜を破壊ないし溶解させ、被膜内部の農薬粒子を
被膜外部の環境(土壌、水など)に直接曝すことにより
達成される。
The timed release function may be based on any mechanism. Since pesticides are generally poorly soluble in water, the pesticide components inside the coating are destroyed or dissolved in order to be released outside the coating, and the pesticide particles inside the coating are removed from the environment (soil, water, etc.) outside the coating. Etc.).

【0032】具体的には、特開平6−9303号公報に
開示の架橋されたイソブチレン系重合体の粉末とポリエ
チレングリコールからなる第1被覆層とエチレン−エチ
ルアクリレート共重合体からなる第2被覆層の二層被
膜、特開平6−9304号公報に開示の水酸化カルシウ
ムとポリエチレングリコールからなる第1被覆層とエチ
レン−エチルアクリレート共重合体とイソブチレン−無
水マレイン酸共重合体のマレイミド化変性体からなる第
2被覆層の二層被膜、特開平6−72805号公報に開
示の水酸化カルシウムとポリエチレングリコールからな
る第1被覆層とナイロン6−ナイロン66−ナイロン1
2三元共重合体とイソブチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合
体のマレイミド化変性体からなる第2被覆層の二層被
膜、特開平6−80514号公報に開示のイソブチレン
系重合体の粉末とポリエチレングリコールからなる第1
被覆層とナイロン6−ナイロン66−ナイロン12三元
共重合体からなる第2被覆層を芯材の表面に被覆するこ
とにより時限放出機能を達成することができる。但し、
これらの被膜は何れも二層の被覆層から構成されてお
り、被覆操作の煩雑さや製造設備にかかる設備投資等の
費用の点などからは、被膜は一層であることが好まし
い。
Specifically, a first coating layer made of a crosslinked isobutylene polymer powder and polyethylene glycol and a second coating layer made of an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer disclosed in JP-A-6-9303 are disclosed. From a first coating layer comprising calcium hydroxide and polyethylene glycol disclosed in JP-A-6-9304, and a maleimide-modified ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer and isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer. A two-layer coating of a second coating layer, a first coating layer of calcium hydroxide and polyethylene glycol disclosed in JP-A-6-72805, and nylon 6-nylon 66-nylon 1
(2) A two-layer coating of a second coating layer comprising a maleimide-modified terpolymer and isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, a powder of isobutylene-based polymer disclosed in JP-A-6-80514 and polyethylene glycol The first consisting of
A timed release function can be achieved by coating the surface of the core with a coating layer and a second coating layer of a nylon 6-nylon 66-nylon 12 terpolymer. However,
Each of these coatings is composed of two coating layers, and it is preferable that the coating be a single layer from the viewpoint of the complexity of the coating operation and the cost of capital investment for manufacturing equipment.

【0033】一層からなる被膜で時限放出機能を達成で
きる被覆農薬粒剤としては、例えば特開平9−7760
8号公報のような、少なくとも1種以上の農薬成分と少
なくとも1種以上の水膨潤性物質からなる農薬粒子(芯
材)の表面を樹脂を主成分とする被膜で被覆した被覆農
薬粒剤を挙げることができる。
Examples of coated pesticide granules capable of achieving a timed release function with a single layer film include, for example, JP-A-9-7760.
No. 8, a coated pesticide granule obtained by coating the surface of pesticide particles (core material) composed of at least one or more pesticidal components and at least one or more water-swellable substances with a coating mainly composed of a resin. Can be mentioned.

【0034】本発明の培地に含有させる被覆農薬粒剤の
量は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば栽培期間
中に散布する農薬成分の全量、若しくはその大部分であ
っても良い。また、使用する被覆農薬粒剤は1種類でも
良く、徐放機能(放出パターンや放出抑制期間の長さ)
や農薬成分の異なる被覆農薬粒剤を2種以上混合したも
のであっても構わない。本発明の培地における好ましい
被覆農薬粒剤の配合量の目安としては、本発明培地の保
水材5000cm3当たり20g以上200g以下の範
囲である。つまり、移植栽培で慣行的に用いられている
育苗箱(例えば、28cm×58cm×3cm)当たり
20g以上200g以下であるということを意味する。
この範囲内であれば培地の特性を損なうこともない。
The amount of the coated pesticide granules to be contained in the medium of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, the total amount of the pesticide components to be sprayed during the cultivation period, or the majority thereof. In addition, one kind of coated pesticide granules may be used, and a sustained release function (release pattern and length of release suppression period)
Or two or more kinds of coated pesticide granules having different pesticide components may be used. As a guide of the preferable blending amount of the coated pesticide granule in the medium of the present invention, it is in the range of 20 g or more and 200 g or less per 5000 cm 3 of the water retention material of the medium of the present invention. That is, it means that the weight is 20 g or more and 200 g or less per nursery box (for example, 28 cm × 58 cm × 3 cm) conventionally used in transplant cultivation.
Within this range, the characteristics of the culture medium are not impaired.

【0035】本発明の培地には必要に応じ、肥料や被覆
農薬粒剤以外の農薬成分を配合しても良い。肥料の成分
としては、チッソ、リン酸、加里のほか、カルシウム、
マグネシウム、微量要素を含むものを挙げることがで
き、使用場面に応じて必要量を本発明の培地に配合すれ
ばよい。肥料の種類・形状としては、一般化成肥料、高
度化成肥料のほか、化学的に溶解度を調整した緩効性肥
料、粒状肥料の表面を被膜材で被覆した被覆粒状肥料、
有機肥料、ク溶性肥料等が挙げられる。
The culture medium of the present invention may contain, if necessary, pesticide components other than fertilizers and coated pesticide granules. Fertilizer ingredients include nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium,
There may be mentioned those containing magnesium and a trace element, and the necessary amount may be added to the medium of the present invention according to the use situation. The types and shapes of fertilizers include generalized chemical fertilizers, advanced chemical fertilizers, slow-release fertilizers with chemically adjusted solubility, coated granular fertilizers in which the surface of granular fertilizer is coated with a coating material,
Organic fertilizers, soluble fertilizers and the like can be mentioned.

【0036】被覆農薬粒剤以外の農薬としては、育苗時
に必要とされ、即効的に作用する殺虫、殺菌剤が挙げら
れ、具体的にはタチガレエース液剤(三共(株)製)等
を挙げることができる。
The pesticides other than the coated pesticide granules include insecticides and fungicides which are required at the time of raising seedlings and which act immediately, and specific examples include Tachigare Ace solution (manufactured by Sankyo Co., Ltd.). it can.

【0037】本発明の培地の形態は、粉状及び/又は粒
状の保水材と被覆農薬粒剤を単に混合したものであって
も良く、培地全体を成型し一体化したものであっても良
い。培地全体を一体化する方法は、特に限定されるもの
ではないが、例えば、結合剤による成形、ポリ袋等によ
るパッケージを施した一体成形、また、圧力を加える方
法や、それらの組み合わせが挙げられる。培地全体を一
体化したものの形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、
板状、サイコロ状、タブレット状等の形状にすることが
出来る。
The form of the culture medium of the present invention may be a simple mixture of a powdery and / or granular water retention material and a coated pesticide granule, or may be a whole culture medium molded and integrated. . The method of integrating the entire medium is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include molding with a binder, integral molding with a package made of a plastic bag or the like, and a method of applying pressure and a combination thereof. . The shape of the whole medium is not particularly limited,
It can be in the shape of a plate, a die, a tablet, or the like.

【0038】本発明の栽培方法は、本発明の培地を使用
した作物の栽培方法であれば、作物の種類、栽培方法な
ど特に限定されるものではない。育苗の際に育苗床土と
して使用しても良く、本圃に投入しても良い。本発明培
地の効果を最大限引き出すうえでも、本発明の培地を育
苗の際に育苗床土として使用し、該床土で育成した苗を
本圃に移植して栽培することが好ましい。
The cultivation method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for cultivating a crop using the medium of the present invention. It may be used as a nursery bed soil at the time of raising seedlings, or may be thrown into the main field. In order to maximize the effects of the medium of the present invention, it is preferable that the medium of the present invention is used as a nursery bed soil when raising seedlings, and the seedlings grown on the bed soil are transplanted and cultivated in this field.

【0039】本発明の栽培方法は作物を限定するもので
はないが、具体的には、食用作物、飼料作物、工芸作物
からなる圃場作物、果樹、蔬菜、花卉からなる園芸作
物、芝等に用いることができる。例えば、食用作物とし
てはイネ、麦類、トウモロコシ、イモ類、マメ類、飼料
作物としてはイネ科、マメ科、飼料用根菜、工芸作物と
しては嗜好料作物(茶等)、香辛料作物(コショウ
等)、油料作物(ゴマ等)、糖料作物(甜菜等)、繊維
作物(綿花等)、果樹としては仁果類(リンゴ等)、核
果類(モモ等)、柑橘類、熱帯果樹(パイナップル
等)、蔬菜としては葉菜類、根菜類、果菜類、花卉とし
ては1年草、2年草、宿根草、花木等に用いることがで
きる。
The cultivation method of the present invention is not limited to crops. Specifically, the cultivation method is used for field crops composed of food crops, feed crops, industrial crops, horticultural crops composed of fruit trees, vegetables, flowers, lawns, and the like. be able to. For example, as food crops, rice, wheat, corn, potatoes, legumes, as feed crops, grasses, legumes, root crops for feed, and as industrial crops, taste crops (tea, etc.) and spice crops (pepper, etc.) ), Oil crops (eg sesame), sugar crops (eg sugar beet), fiber crops (eg cotton), fruit trees such as nuts (eg apples), drupes (eg peaches), citrus fruits, tropical fruit trees (eg pineapples) Vegetables can be used for leafy vegetables, root vegetables, fruits and vegetables, and flowers can be used for annual grasses, biannual grasses, prairie grasses, flowering trees and the like.

【0040】[0040]

【実施例】以下、実施例、比較例により本発明を具体的
に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるもの
ではない。なお、各例において、真比重その他の特性は
以下のようにして求めた。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In each example, the true specific gravity and other properties were obtained as follows.

【0041】1.機能および物理特性の測定方法 (1)大起理化工業(株)製の土壌三相計(型式;DI
K−3520)による、三相分布及び真比重の測定 本測定は100ml型実容積測定法に準拠して行った。 測定に供試されるサンプル培地を三相分布測定用10
0ml試料円筒(大起理化工業(株)製、型式;DIK
−1801)に充填する。 砂柱法キット(大起理化工業(株)製、型式;DIK
−3520)に上記をセットし、十分に潅水した後、
水位をPF=1.5(石英砂上面からの水位;31.6
cm下位)に調節する。 100ml試料円筒に蓋をし、PF=1.5の状態で
24時間放置する。 土壌三相計(大起理化工業(株)製、型式;DIK−
1120)に試料円筒をセットし、サンプル培地の実
容積(V)を測定する。 更に天秤にてサンプル培地の全重量(W)を測定し、
オーブンに入れ105℃で24時間乾燥させ、乾燥前後
の重量差から水分重量(M)を算出する。 下記の計算式により、a)気相率 b)固相率 c)
液相率 d)真比重を算出した。 a)気相率(A=Va) ;空気容量Va=100−V b)固相率(Sν=Vs);固相容量Vs=(W−V)/(d−1) c)液相率(Mν=Vl);水分容量Vl=V−Vs d)真比重(d) ;d=(W−M)/(V−Vl) 但し、Vl:水分容量、Vl=M
1. Method of measuring functions and physical properties (1) Soil three-phase meter (model; DI) manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd.
K-3520) Measurement of Three-Phase Distribution and True Specific Gravity This measurement was performed in accordance with a 100 ml actual volume measurement method. The sample medium to be tested for measurement is
0 ml sample cylinder (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model: DIK
-1801). Sand column method kit (Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model; DIK
After the above is set in −3520) and watering is sufficient,
The water level was PF = 1.5 (water level from the top of quartz sand; 31.6
cm lower). A 100 ml sample cylinder is covered and left for 24 hours in a state of PF = 1.5. Soil three-phase meter (Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model; DIK-
1120), the sample cylinder is set, and the actual volume (V) of the sample medium is measured. Further, measure the total weight (W) of the sample medium with a balance,
It is placed in an oven and dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, and the weight of water (M) is calculated from the weight difference before and after drying. According to the following formula, a) gas phase ratio b) solid phase ratio c)
Liquid phase ratio d) True specific gravity was calculated. a) Gas phase ratio (A = Va); Air volume Va = 100−V b) Solid phase ratio (Sν = Vs); Solid phase volume Vs = (W−V) / (d−1) c) Liquid phase ratio (Mν = Vl); water capacity Vl = V−Vs d) true specific gravity (d); d = (WM) / (V−Vl) where V1: water capacity, Vl = M

【0042】(2)最大保水量 撥水性および保水性の指標として用いた最大保水量は、
最大容水量の測定法であるヒルガード法に準じ、最大容
水量測定容器(容量25ml)にサンプル培地を充填
し、底面から吸水させ24時間放置した(但し、体積が
膨張するサンプルについては、最大容水量測定容器から
オーバーフローする可能性があり、オーバーフローした
サンプルは完全に除去して重量を測定した。)。続い
て、該容器を105℃のオーブンで12時間乾燥し、乾
燥前後の重量を測定し、以下の算式(最大保水量)=
(乾燥前の全サンプル重量)−(乾燥後の全サンプル重
量)より最大保水量(g/25ml)を算出した。但
し、本実施例においては撥水性を正確に評価すべく、底
面からの吸水のみを行い、上面からの潅水は行わなかっ
た。
(2) Maximum Water Retention The maximum water retention used as an index of water repellency and water retention is:
According to the Hilgard method, which is a method for measuring the maximum water volume, a sample medium is filled in a maximum water volume measurement container (capacity: 25 ml), water is absorbed from the bottom, and left for 24 hours. The sample may overflow from the water volume measurement container, and the overflowed sample was completely removed and the weight was measured.) Subsequently, the container was dried in an oven at 105 ° C. for 12 hours, the weight before and after drying was measured, and the following formula (maximum water retention) =
The maximum water retention (g / 25 ml) was calculated from (total sample weight before drying)-(total sample weight after drying). However, in this example, in order to accurately evaluate the water repellency, only the water absorption from the bottom surface was performed, and the water supply from the upper surface was not performed.

【0043】(3)放出機能確認試験 放出確認試験は、被覆農薬粒剤に亀裂が入り、被膜が崩
壊する(内部の芯材が外部に放出される)までの時間
(放出開始時間)を測定したものである。被膜の崩壊の
確認は観察によって行った。具体的な試験は、以下の記
載に準じて行った。キャップ付試験管(12mm×72
mm)に水を1.5mL入れ、更に後述の被覆農薬粒剤
サンプルを、試験管1本当たり1粒ずつ投入後キャップ
をした。これを各サンプル当たり100管(粒)準備
し、水温20℃一定の条件下で、崩壊した被覆農薬粒剤
の個数をカウントした。観察は試験開始から1週間まで
は毎日行い、その後は3日ごとに行った。累積放出率は
供試粒剤の数である。縦軸に累積放出率、横軸に経過日
数をとり、それぞれのデータをプロットしたグラフを作
成した。また、試験開始から10%放出に至るまでの日
数を「d1」とし、それ以降90%放出に至るまでの日
数を「d2」とした。
(3) Release Function Confirmation Test The release confirmation test measures the time (release start time) until cracks occur in the coated pesticide granules and the coating disintegrates (the inner core material is released to the outside). It was done. The collapse of the coating was confirmed by observation. The specific test was performed according to the following description. Test tube with cap (12mm × 72
mm), 1.5 ml of water was added thereto, and the coated pesticide granule sample described below was further charged one by one per test tube and capped. One hundred tubes (particles) were prepared for each sample, and the number of the disintegrated coated pesticide granules was counted under a constant water temperature of 20 ° C. Observations were made daily for one week from the start of the test, and thereafter every three days. The cumulative release rate is the number of test granules. The cumulative release rate was plotted on the vertical axis and the number of days elapsed on the horizontal axis, and a graph was created by plotting the respective data. The number of days from the start of the test to 10% release was “d1”, and the number of days from then on to 90% release was “d2”.

【0044】(4)保存安定性試験 サンプル培地を厚さ0.063mmのポリエチレン製袋
(商品名:リード冷凍保存するバッグ、ライオン
(株))に入れて充填した後、封印して常温暗所に放置
した。3ヶ月経過後、各サンプル培地中から被覆農薬粒
剤を取り出し、各サンプル培地ごとに100粒を用いて
放出機能確認試験を実施した。得られたグラフより、d
1、d2を求めた。
(4) Storage Stability Test A sample medium was placed in a 0.063 mm-thick polyethylene bag (trade name: Reed frozen storage bag, Lion Co., Ltd.), filled, sealed, and stored at room temperature in a dark place. Left. After three months, the coated pesticide granules were taken out of each sample medium, and a release function confirmation test was performed using 100 grains for each sample medium. From the obtained graph, d
1, d2 was determined.

【0045】2.保水材の製造 (保水材A)200Lのコイアダスト(固形分;12k
g、含有水分率;36重量%、φ4mmパス、スリラン
カ産椰子殻)と、硫酸アンモニア(新日鐵化学(株)
製、保証成分 窒素21%)150g、重焼リン(小野
田化学工業(株)製、保証成分ク溶性リン酸46%)2
00g、および硫酸加里(チッソ(株)製、保証成分加
里50%)60gとを、リボンミキサー(型式;RM−
60、不二パウダル(株)製)にて混合した。上記混合
物を、ディスクダイ式ロール型押出造粒機(ディスクペ
レッター 型式;F40/33−390、不二パウダル
(株)製、ダイス・ノズル径;φ2.5mm)にて圧縮
成形加工し、円柱状の造粒物を得た。この造粒物を90
℃の熱風乾燥機にて、含有水分率が5重量%になるまで
乾燥し、保水材Aを得た(10kg)。
2. Manufacture of water retention material (water retention material A) 200 L of coir dust (solid content: 12 k
g, moisture content: 36% by weight, φ4 mm pass, coconut shell from Sri Lanka) and ammonia sulfate (Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.)
150 g, manufactured by Onoda Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., 46% guaranteed phosphoric acid soluble in sulfur.
00g and 60 g of sulfuric acid Kari (manufactured by Chisso Corporation, guaranteed component Kari 50%) were mixed with a ribbon mixer (model: RM-
60, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.). The above mixture was compression-molded with a disk die roll-type extrusion granulator (disk pelletizer model; F40 / 33-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die / nozzle diameter: φ2.5 mm), A columnar granulation was obtained. 90 times
Drying was performed with a hot air drier at a temperature of 5 ° C. until the water content became 5% by weight to obtain a water retention material A (10 kg).

【0046】(保水材B〜D)造粒・乾燥後の含有水分
率がそれぞれ10重量%(保水材B)、20重量%(保
水材C)、及び30重量%(保水材D)となるように乾
燥した以外は、保水材Aの製造と同様の操作を繰り返
し、保水材B、保水材C、及び保水材Dを得た(各10
kg)。
(Water Retaining Materials B to D) The moisture content after granulation and drying is 10% by weight (water retaining material B), 20% by weight (water retaining material C), and 30% by weight (water retaining material D). The same operation as in the production of the water retention material A was repeated, except that the water retention material was dried as described above, to obtain the water retention material B, the water retention material C, and the water retention material D (10 each).
kg).

【0047】(保水材E)コイアダストの代わりに、コ
イアダストと炭(日田林業組合製、商品名;炭太郎1
号、B/D;0.29g/ml、粒度;2mm以下)の混合物
(重量比=3:1)を用いた以外は保水材Aの製造と同
様の操作を繰り返し、保水材Eを得た(10kg)。
(Water Retention Material E) Coir dust and charcoal (made by Hita Forestry Association, trade name;
No. B / D: 0.29 g / ml, particle size: 2 mm or less) except that a mixture (weight ratio = 3: 1) was used, and the same operation as in the production of the water retaining material A was repeated to obtain a water retaining material E. (10 kg).

【0048】(保水材F〜H)造粒・乾燥後の含有水分
率がそれぞれ10重量%(保水材F)、20重量%(保
水材G)、及び30重量%(保水材H)となるように乾
燥した以外は、保水材Eの製造と同様の操作を繰り返
し、保水材F、保水材G、及び保水材Hを得た(各10
kg)。
(Water retention materials F to H) The moisture content after granulation and drying is 10% by weight (water retention material F), 20% by weight (water retention material G), and 30% by weight (water retention material H), respectively. The same operation as in the production of the water retention material E was repeated, except that the water retention material was dried as described above, to obtain the water retention material F, the water retention material G, and the water retention material H (10 each).
kg).

【0049】(保水材I)保水材Aを粉砕機(SAMPLE M
ILL 型式SM-1、(株)井内盛栄堂製)で30ml/5m
inの条件で粉砕し、該粉砕品100Lと焼成バーミキ
ュライト100L(含有水分率5重量%以下、九州化学
工業(株)製)とを混合し、保水材Iを得た(16k
g)。
(Water Retention Material I) The water retention material A was crushed by a crusher (SAMPLE M
30ml / 5m with ILL model SM-1, manufactured by Iuchi Seieido
The water retention material I was obtained by mixing 100 L of the crushed product and 100 L of calcined vermiculite (water content: 5% by weight or less, manufactured by Kyushu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (16 k).
g).

【0050】(保水材J)200Lのコイアダスト(固
形分12kg、含有水分率36重量%、φ4mmパス、
スリランカ産椰子殻)と、硫酸アンモニア(チッソ旭肥
料(株)製、保証成分 窒素21%)150g、重焼リ
ン(小野田化学工業(株)製、保証成分ク溶性リン酸4
6%)200g、および硫酸加里(チッソ(株)製、保
証成分加里50%)60gを、リボンミキサー(型式;
RM−60、不二パウダル(株)製)にて混合した。上
記混合物を、得られた混合物を90℃の熱風乾燥機に
て、含有水分率が10重量%になるように乾燥し、保水
材Jを得た(10kg)。
(Water Retention Material J) 200 L of coir dust (solid content: 12 kg, moisture content: 36% by weight, φ4 mm pass,
Sri Lankan coconut shell, 150 g of ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen 21%), heavy baking phosphorus (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., guaranteed component soluble phosphoric acid 4)
6%) and 60 g of sulfuric acid Kari (manufactured by Chisso Corporation, guaranteed component Kari 50%) were mixed with a ribbon mixer (model;
RM-60, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.). The mixture was dried with a hot-air dryer at 90 ° C. so that the water content was 10% by weight, to obtain a water retention material J (10 kg).

【0051】(保水材K)乾燥を行わなかった以外は保
水材Jと同様の操作を繰り返し、含有水分率が40重量
%になるように調整して保水材Kを得た(10kg)。
(Water Retentive Material K) The same operation as that of the water retentive material J was repeated except that drying was not performed, and a water retentive material K was obtained by adjusting the water content to 40% by weight (10 kg).

【0052】(保水材L)コイアダストの代わりにピー
トモス(カナダ産、ラメキュー社製、含有水分率10重
量%)を用いた以外は、保水材Jと同様の操作を繰り返
し、保水材Lを得た(10kg)。
(Water Retentive Material L) Water retaining material L was obtained by repeating the same operation as for water retaining material J except that peat moss (made by Lameque, Canada, moisture content: 10% by weight) was used instead of coir dust. (10 kg).

【0053】(保水材M)200Lのコイアダスト(固
形分12kg、含有水分率36重量%、φ4mmパス、
スリランカ産椰子殻)をディスクダイ式ロール型押出造
粒機(ディスクペレッター 型式;F40/33−39
0、不二パウダル(株)製、ダイス・ノズル径;φ2.
5mm)にて圧縮成形加工し、90℃の熱風乾燥機にて
含有水分率が5重量%になるように乾燥した後、円柱状
の保水材Mを得た(10kg)。 (保水材N〜P)造粒・乾燥後の含有水分率がそれぞれ
10重量%(保水材N)、20重量%(保水材O)、及
び30重量%(保水材P)となるように乾燥した以外
は、保水材Mの製造と同様の操作を繰り返し、保水材
N、保水材O、及び保水材Pを得た(各10kg)。
(保水材Q)保水材A、Mで使用した約200Lのコイ
アダスト(固形分;12kg、含有水分率;36重量
%、φ4mmパス、スリランカ産椰子殻)を90℃の熱
風乾燥機にて含有水分率が5重量%になるように乾燥す
ることによって保水材Qを得た(10kg)。(保水材
R)保水材A、Mで使用した約200Lのコイアダスト
(固形分12kg、含有水分率36重量%、φ4mmパ
ス、スリランカ産椰子殻)に水分を添加し、含有水分率
50重量%の保水材Rを得た(10kg)。 (保水材S)市販の水稲育苗用粒状培土(呉羽化学
(株)製、含有水分率10重量%)
(Water Retention Material M) 200 L of coir dust (solid content: 12 kg, moisture content: 36% by weight, φ4 mm pass,
Sri Lankan coconut husks are extruded by a disk die roll type extrusion granulator (disk pelletizer model; F40 / 33-39)
0, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die / nozzle diameter: φ2.
5 mm) and dried by a hot air dryer at 90 ° C. so that the water content becomes 5% by weight, to obtain a columnar water retaining material M (10 kg). (Water retention materials N to P) Drying so that the moisture content after granulation and drying is 10% by weight (water retention material N), 20% by weight (water retention material O), and 30% by weight (water retention material P), respectively. The same operation as in the production of the water retention material M was repeated, except that the water retention material N, the water retention material O, and the water retention material P were obtained (each 10 kg).
(Water Retention Material Q) Approximately 200 L of coir dust (solid content: 12 kg, moisture content: 36% by weight, φ4 mm pass, Sri Lankan coconut shell) used in water retention materials A and M, was dried with a hot air dryer at 90 ° C. The water retention material Q was obtained by drying so that the rate might be 5% by weight (10 kg). (Water Retaining Material R) Water was added to about 200 L of coir dust (solid content: 12 kg, moisture content: 36 wt%, φ4 mm pass, Sri Lankan coconut shell) used in the water retaining materials A and M, and the moisture content was 50 wt%. Water retention material R was obtained (10 kg). (Water retention material S) Commercially available granular soil for raising rice seedlings (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd., moisture content 10% by weight)

【0054】(保水材の物理特性)上記保水材A〜Sに
ついて、前述の方法により、真比重と最大保水量を測定
した、得られた結果を表1に示す。
(Physical Characteristics of Water Retention Material) The true specific gravity and the maximum water retention amount of the above water retention materials A to S were measured by the above-mentioned method, and the obtained results are shown in Table 1.

【0055】[0055]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0056】3.被覆農薬粒剤の製造 クミアイビーム水和剤75(トリシクラゾール75重量
%、クミアイ化学(株)製)7重量部、ベントナイト7
0重量部、クレー18重量部、タルク5重量部をニーダ
ーで均一に混合し、加水混練した。この混合物をスクリ
ュー押し出し式造粒機(スクリーン径0.8mmφ)で
押し出し造粒し、一次農薬造粒物を得た。該造粒物を、
回転円盤式整粒機(不二パウダル製、マルメライザーQ
J400)で整粒した。整粒後、熱風循環乾燥機を用い
100℃の条件下で乾燥後、振動篩で分級しトリシクラ
ゾールを5%含有する0.8〜1.4mmの二次農薬造
粒物(芯材)を得た。
3. Manufacture of coated pesticide granules 7 parts by weight of Kumiai beam wettable powder 75 (75% by weight of tricyclazole, manufactured by Kumiai Chemical Co., Ltd.), bentonite 7
0 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight of clay, and 5 parts by weight of talc were uniformly mixed in a kneader and kneaded with water. This mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extruder (a screen diameter of 0.8 mmφ) to obtain a primary agricultural chemical granule. The granulated product is
Rotating disk type granulator (made by Fuji Paudal, Malmerizer Q)
J400). After sieving, dried under a condition of 100 ° C. using a hot air circulating drier, and classified by a vibrating sieve to obtain a 0.8 to 1.4 mm secondary pesticide granule (core material) containing 5% of tricyclazole. Was.

【0057】噴流層被覆装置(塔径250mm、高さ3
000mm)を用いて、得られた芯材を噴流状態とし該
芯材に被膜材料溶解液を噴霧して、被覆率20重量%の
被覆農薬粒剤を得た。製造方法は、以下の方法に準拠し
て行った。被覆率は、農薬粒子の重量(a)と被膜の重
量(b)との和を100重量%とした被覆農薬粒剤に対
する被膜の重量(b)の比率であり、算式[b×100
/(a+b)]で求めた値である。被膜材料溶解液は低
密度ポリエチレン(MI=23、d=0.91g/cm
3)30重量部、タルク(平均粒子径5μm)70重量部
からなる被膜材料組成物を、テトラクロロエチレンに1
10℃で撹拌溶解させることによって得た。 芯材:3kg 熱風温度:120℃ 熱風風量:4m3/min スプレー流速:0.2kg/min 被膜材料溶解液中の被膜材料濃度:2.5重量% 被膜材料溶解液の噴霧は、噴流中の該芯材表面温度が7
0℃に達した時点から開始し、品温が70℃一定になる
ように一流体ノズルを用いてスプレーした後、そのまま
噴流状態を維持しつつ被覆芯材表面温度が70℃の条件
で乾燥を実施し被覆農薬粒剤を得た。
Spouted bed coating apparatus (tower diameter 250 mm, height 3
000 mm), the obtained core material was jetted, and a coating material solution was sprayed on the core material to obtain a coated pesticide granule having a coverage of 20% by weight. The production was performed according to the following method. The coverage is the ratio of the weight (b) of the coating to the coated pesticide granules when the sum of the weight (a) of the pesticide particles (a) and the weight (b) of the coating is 100% by weight.
/ (A + b)]. The coating material dissolving solution is a low density polyethylene (MI = 23, d = 0.91 g / cm)
3 ) A coating material composition comprising 30 parts by weight and 70 parts by weight of talc (average particle size: 5 μm) was added to 1 part of tetrachloroethylene.
It was obtained by stirring and dissolving at 10 ° C. Core material: 3 kg Hot air temperature: 120 ° C. Hot air volume: 4 m 3 / min Spray flow rate: 0.2 kg / min Coating material concentration in coating material dissolving liquid: 2.5% by weight Spraying of coating material dissolving liquid The core material surface temperature is 7
Starting from the point when the temperature reaches 0 ° C, spraying is performed using a one-fluid nozzle so that the product temperature becomes constant at 70 ° C, and then drying is performed under the condition that the coated core material surface temperature is 70 ° C while maintaining the jet state. Performed to obtain coated pesticide granules.

【0058】(被覆農薬粒剤の放出特性)前記被覆農薬
粒剤について上記(3)の方法(放出機能確認試験)に
より放出機能を確認した。該粒剤の放出はd1が25
日、d2が7日であり、該粒剤はd1/d2≒3.6の
時限放出型の徐放機能であることが確認された。
(Release Characteristics of Coated Pesticide Granules) The release function of the coated pesticide granules was confirmed by the method (3) (release function confirmation test) described above. The release of the granules is d1 25
On the other hand, d2 was 7 days, and it was confirmed that the granule had a time-release type sustained release function of d1 / d2 ≒ 3.6.

【0059】4.サンプル培地の製造 実施例1 水稲用育苗箱(内径28cm×58cm×3cm)と同
サイズの型に保水材Aを700g充填し、均一になら
す。引き続き得られた被覆農薬粒剤50gを均一かつ層
状に充填することによって培地を得た。
4. Production of Sample Medium Example 1 A mold of the same size as a paddy rice seedling raising box (inner diameter 28 cm × 58 cm × 3 cm) is filled with 700 g of the water retention material A and uniformly leveled. Subsequently, 50 g of the obtained coated pesticide granule was uniformly and layered to obtain a medium.

【0060】実施例2 保水材Aを保水材B740gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 2 Example 1 except that water retention material A was changed to water retention material B 740 g.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0061】実施例3 保水材Aを保水材C830gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 3 Example 1 except that water retaining material A was changed to water retaining material C 830 g.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0062】実施例4 保水材Aを保水材D950gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 4 Example 1 except that water retaining material A was changed to water retaining material D 950 g.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0063】実施例5 保水材Aを保水材E700gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 5 Example 1 was repeated except that the water retention material A was changed to 700 g of the water retention material E.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0064】実施例6 保水材Aを保水材F740gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 6 Example 1 was repeated except that the water retaining material A was changed to water retaining material F 740 g.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0065】実施例7 保水材Aを保水材G830gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 7 Example 1 was repeated except that the water retaining material A was changed to 830 g of the water retaining material G.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0066】実施例8 保水材Aを保水材H950gに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にして培地を得た。
Example 8 Example 1 was repeated except that the water retention material A was changed to water retention material H950 g.
A medium was obtained in the same manner as described above.

【0067】実施例9 保水材I700gと、得られた被覆農薬粒剤50gとを
密閉チャック付きポリエチレン製袋(商品名:ユニパッ
クL−4、厚み0.04mm、サイズ340mm×48
0mm)に入れて封印し、均一になるまで混ぜ合わせ培
地を得た。
Example 9 A polyethylene bag (trade name: Unipack L-4, thickness: 0.04 mm, size: 340 mm × 48) containing 700 g of the water retention material I and 50 g of the obtained coated pesticide granule was sealed.
0 mm), sealed, and mixed until uniform to obtain a culture medium.

【0068】比較例1〜3 実施例1の保水材をそれぞれJ(比較例1)、K(比較
例2)、L(比較例3)に変更し、それぞれ400g用
いる以外は実施例1と同様にして、培地を得た。
Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Same as Example 1 except that the water retaining material of Example 1 was changed to J (Comparative Example 1), K (Comparative Example 2), and L (Comparative Example 3), and 400 g of each was used. To obtain a medium.

【0069】比較例4(慣行培地) 保水材S3000gと、得られた被覆農薬粒剤50gと
を密閉チャック付きポリエチレン製袋(商品名:ユニパ
ックL−4、厚み0.04mm、サイズ340mm×4
80mm)に入れて封印し、均一になるまで混ぜ合わせ
て培地を得た。
Comparative Example 4 (Conventional Medium) A polyethylene bag (trade name: Unipack L-4, thickness 0.04 mm, size 340 mm × 4) containing 3000 g of the water retention material S and 50 g of the obtained coated pesticide granule was sealed.
(80 mm), sealed, and mixed until uniform to obtain a medium.

【0070】「サンプル培地の物理特性」実施例1〜
9、及び比較例1〜4について上述した物理特性、育苗
箱に充填したときの重量等を測定評価し、得られた結果
を表2に示す。
"Physical Characteristics of Sample Medium"
9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured and evaluated for the physical properties described above, the weight when filled in a nursery box, and the results obtained are shown in Table 2.

【0071】「培地中の被覆農薬粒剤放出測定」サンプ
ル培地の製造後に、実施例1〜9、及び比較例1〜4
を、密閉チャック付きポリエチレン製袋(商品名:ユニ
パックL−4、厚み0.04mm、サイズ340mm×
480mm)に3kgずつ入れて密封し、上述の(4)
保存安定性試験にそれぞれ供試した。実施例1〜8は袋
に入れて密封後、よく撹拌して供試した。結果を表2に
示す。
"Measurement of Release of Coated Pesticide Granule in Medium" After production of the sample medium, Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4
To a polyethylene bag with a sealed chuck (trade name: Unipack L-4, thickness 0.04 mm, size 340 mm ×
480 mm) and sealed in 3 kg each.
Each was subjected to a storage stability test. Examples 1 to 8 were put in a bag, sealed, and thoroughly stirred before being tested. Table 2 shows the results.

【0072】[0072]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0073】表2より、本発明品の実施例1〜9は慣行
培地の比較例4と比べて軽量で、保水性は同等以上と良
好な結果が得られた。比較例1、3は育苗箱の総重量で
みると軽いが、撥水性を生じているのが最大保水量およ
び育苗箱の水分からも明らかであり、栽培には不適であ
る。保存後の放出は、実施例4、8で若干早くなる傾向
にあったが、その他の実施例は保存前と比べてほとんど
変化がなかった。実施例4、8もばらつきの範疇であっ
て実用上問題がなく、この程度であれば、保存条件、例
えば保存期間を短くするなどで対応可能である。一方、
比較例2、4では放出が促進された。これは比較例4は
含有水分率としては10重量%と低い値であるが、培地
全体が重いため、容積当たりの含有水分量が大きいため
であると推察できる。これら試験結果より、実施例1〜
9の本発明培地は軽量かつ撥水性、保存安定性に優れて
いることが明らかとなった。
From Table 2, it was found that Examples 1 to 9 of the product of the present invention were lighter than Comparative Example 4 of the conventional medium, and the water retention was as good or better. Comparative Examples 1 and 3 are light in terms of the total weight of the nursery box, but it is not suitable for cultivation because water repellency is apparent from the maximum water retention and the moisture in the nursery box. The release after storage tended to be slightly faster in Examples 4 and 8, but in the other examples there was little change compared to before storage. Embodiments 4 and 8 are also in the range of variation and have no practical problem, and if this is the case, it is possible to cope with them by shortening the storage conditions, for example, the storage period. on the other hand,
In Comparative Examples 2 and 4, release was promoted. It can be inferred that this is because Comparative Example 4 had a low water content of 10% by weight, but the entire medium was heavy and the water content per volume was large. From these test results, Examples 1 to
9 revealed that the medium of the present invention was lightweight, water-repellent, and excellent in storage stability.

【0074】「栽培試験」本発明培地実施例1、5、
9、及び比較例2を用いて栽培試験を行った。供試作物
は水稲(品種:ひとめぼれ)を用い、慣行法に準じて催
芽種籾を調整し、該種籾150gを実施例及び比較例の
育苗箱の表面に均一かつ層状に播種した。引き続き保水
材S1000gを用いて覆土した。以後、該育苗箱は熊
本県水俣市のガラス室に設置し、ハウス育苗を行った。
表面が乾燥しないように潅水を随時行った。育苗期間中
の苗の様子は随時観察した。育苗期間中の日平均気温2
0〜25℃であった。その他の栽培条件は慣行法に準じ
て行った。育苗期間中の観察結果を表3、図1に示す。
[Cultivation test] The culture media of the present invention, Examples 1 and 5,
Cultivation test was performed using Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 2. The test crop was a paddy rice (variety: Hitomebore), sprout seeds were prepared according to a conventional method, and 150 g of the seeds were seeded uniformly and in layers on the surfaces of the seedling boxes of Examples and Comparative Examples. Subsequently, soil was covered with 1000 g of water retention material S. Thereafter, the nursery box was installed in a glass room in Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture, and house nursery was performed.
Irrigation was performed as needed to prevent the surface from drying. The state of the seedlings during the seedling raising period was observed at any time. Average daily temperature during nursery 2
0-25 ° C. Other cultivation conditions were performed in accordance with the customary method. The observation results during the seedling raising period are shown in Table 3 and FIG.

【0075】[0075]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0076】表3の結果より、実施例1、5、9の各培
地を使用した各試験区はそれぞれ薬害を発生することな
く健苗を育成できたが、比較例Jの培地を使用した各試
験区は育苗後期から生育速度が鈍化し、薬害が発生し
た。3週間後育苗を終了し、実施例1の培地において育
成した苗を水田に移植したところ、十分な防除効果を示
した。
From the results shown in Table 3, the test plots using the media of Examples 1, 5, and 9 could grow healthy seedlings without causing any phytotoxicity. In the test plot, the growth rate slowed down from the late stage of seedling raising, and phytotoxicity occurred. After three weeks, the seedlings were completed, and the seedlings grown in the medium of Example 1 were transplanted to paddy fields. As a result, a sufficient control effect was exhibited.

【0077】[0077]

【発明の効果】本発明は、椰子殻を含有する保水材と被
覆農薬粒剤とを含有する培地であって、土壌三相計で測
定した保水材の真比重が1.5〜3.5g/cm3の範
囲である培地、および該培地を用いた作物の栽培方法で
ある。本発明の培地であれば、乾燥により培地の水分含
有率を低くした場合であっても撥水性が生じ難く、且つ
農薬散布作業の大幅な軽減が可能であり、培土作製にお
ける作業負担、並びに病害虫防除における作業負担の大
幅な軽減が可能である。また、該培地を用いて栽培すれ
ば、省力かつ効果的な病害虫の防除が可能となる。
The present invention is a medium containing a water retention material containing coconut shells and coated pesticide granules, wherein the true specific gravity of the water retention material measured by a soil three-phase meter is 1.5 to 3.5 g. / Cm 3 , and a method for cultivating a crop using the medium. With the medium of the present invention, even when the moisture content of the medium is reduced by drying, water repellency is unlikely to occur, and it is possible to greatly reduce the pesticide spraying work. The work load in pest control can be greatly reduced. Further, cultivation using the medium enables labor-saving and effective pest control.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 播種後2週間目の様子。左が比較例Jの培
地、右が実施例1の培地。
Fig. 1 Two weeks after sowing. The left is the medium of Comparative Example J, and the right is the medium of Example 1.

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 椰子殻を含有する保水材と被覆農薬粒剤
とを含有する培地であって、土壌三相計で測定した保水
材の真比重が1.5〜3.5g/cm3の範囲であるこ
とを特徴とする培地。
1. A medium containing a coconut shell-containing water retention material and a coated pesticide granule, wherein the true specific gravity of the water retention material measured by a soil three-phase meter is 1.5 to 3.5 g / cm 3 . A medium characterized by being a range.
【請求項2】 保水材が粒状である請求項1に記載の培
地。
2. The medium according to claim 1, wherein the water retention material is granular.
【請求項3】 保水材の含有水分率(X)が、0重量%
<X≦30重量%の範囲である請求項1または2に記載
の培地。
3. The water retention material having a water content (X) of 0% by weight.
3. The medium according to claim 1, wherein <X ≦ 30% by weight.
【請求項4】 被覆農薬粒剤が、施用後一定期間農薬成
分の放出が抑制された放出抑制期間と、一定期間経過後
農薬成分の放出が持続する放出期間とからなる時限放出
型の徐放機能を有する被覆農薬粒剤である請求項1〜3
の何れか1項に記載の培地。
4. A time-release type sustained release wherein the coated pesticide granule comprises a release suppression period in which the release of the pesticide component is suppressed for a certain period after application, and a release period in which the release of the pesticide component continues after a certain period of time. A coated agricultural chemical granule having a function.
The medium according to any one of the above.
【請求項5】 請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の培地
を使用することを特徴とする作物の栽培方法。
5. A method for cultivating a crop, comprising using the medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
JP11027510A 1999-02-04 1999-02-04 Culture medium and cultivation of crop Pending JP2000224917A (en)

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Publication Number Publication Date
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ID=12223141

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Country Link
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2009165469A (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-07-30 Yasutake Toyama Medium for pineapple cultivation, and cultivation method for pineapple
JP2012500624A (en) * 2008-08-22 2012-01-12 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア Nursery box
CN112931128A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Drip irrigation film-covered cotton cultivation method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009165469A (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-07-30 Yasutake Toyama Medium for pineapple cultivation, and cultivation method for pineapple
JP2012500624A (en) * 2008-08-22 2012-01-12 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア Nursery box
CN112931128A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Drip irrigation film-covered cotton cultivation method
CN112931128B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-09-01 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Cultivation method of drip irrigation film-covered cotton

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