JP2000193605A - Inspecting device for mouth part of glass bottle - Google Patents
Inspecting device for mouth part of glass bottleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000193605A JP2000193605A JP10374580A JP37458098A JP2000193605A JP 2000193605 A JP2000193605 A JP 2000193605A JP 10374580 A JP10374580 A JP 10374580A JP 37458098 A JP37458098 A JP 37458098A JP 2000193605 A JP2000193605 A JP 2000193605A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- bottle
- glass bottle
- mouth part
- lip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008100 Brassica rapa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ガラス壜の欠陥検
査を光学的に行う装置に係り、特にガラス壜の口部の欠
陥の有無を検査する検査装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for optically inspecting a glass bottle for defects, and more particularly to an inspection apparatus for inspecting the mouth of a glass bottle for defects.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来はガラス壜の口部の欠陥を検査する
装置として、壜口部に投光する投光手段と、壜口部を透
過した光を撮影する撮影手段とから構成される検査装置
が用いられていた。この装置は、投光手段により照明さ
れた壜口部を、投光手段と壜口部に対して反対方向の斜
め上方から透過光を撮影するため、撮影エリアに異物等
が存在する場合は、これにより光が吸収・散乱されるた
め、その部分が暗く写り、これにより生じる明度差を画
像解析によって判別すれば、異物を検出することができ
る。また、壜口部全周にわたり検査を要する場合は、壜
回転手段により壜を回転させながら撮影をする。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for inspecting a defect of a mouth portion of a glass bottle, an inspection device comprising a light projecting device for projecting light to the bottle portion and a photographing device for photographing light transmitted through the bottle portion. The device was used. This device photographs the bottle illuminated by the light projecting means, and transmits light from a diagonally upper side in a direction opposite to the light projecting means and the bottle, so if there is a foreign substance or the like in the photographing area, As a result, the light is absorbed and scattered, so that the portion is darkened. If the resulting brightness difference is determined by image analysis, the foreign matter can be detected. When the inspection is required over the entire circumference of the bottle opening, the bottle is rotated by the bottle rotating means to take an image.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図５は、ガラス壜の全
体および壜口部を示す図であり、図５（ａ）はガラス壜
１の全体を示す断面図、図５（ｂ）は壜口部２の正面
図、図５（ｃ）は壜口部２の平面図である。図５（ａ）
乃至図５（ｃ）に示すように、いわゆるリップ部２ａと
呼ばれる外方へ膨らんだ凸部分を壜口部２に有するガラ
ス壜１においては、この部分に生じる欠陥２ｂは、リッ
プ部２ａをほぼ垂直面で切取った形状又は垂直曲面でえ
ぐった形状となる場合が多く発生する。このようなリッ
プ部の欠陥を有する壜口部を従来技術にかかる装置で検
査しても、欠陥部分で光がほとんど吸収・散乱されない
ため、欠陥部分の透過光で得られる画像と欠陥部分以外
の部分の透過光で得られる画像に濃淡の差がほとんどな
く欠陥を検査することが困難であった。FIG. 5 is a view showing the whole glass bottle and the bottle mouth portion. FIG. 5 (a) is a sectional view showing the whole glass bottle 1, and FIG. FIG. 5C is a front view of the mouth portion 2 and FIG. FIG. 5 (a)
As shown in FIG. 5 (c), in the glass bottle 1 having a so-called lip portion 2a and a convex portion bulging outward in the bottle mouth portion 2, the defect 2b generated in this portion is almost equivalent to the lip portion 2a. In many cases, the shape becomes a shape cut out on a vertical surface or a hollow shape on a vertical curved surface. Even if a bottle having such a lip defect is inspected with a device according to the prior art, light is hardly absorbed and scattered at the defective portion. It is difficult to inspect for defects because there is almost no difference in density between the images obtained by the transmitted light of the portions.
【０００４】本発明は、上述の事情に鑑みなされたもの
で、壜口部の欠陥を明瞭な画像として得るために光学系
の改良を試みたガラス壜の口部検査装置を提供すること
を目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a mouth inspection apparatus for a glass bottle in which the optical system has been improved in order to obtain a clear image of a defect in the bottle. And
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述した目的を達成する
ために、本発明は、ガラス壜の壜口部に投光する投光手
段と、ガラス壜を挟んで前記投光手段の反対側に設置さ
れガラス壜の壜口部を斜め上方から撮影する撮影手段と
を備えた検査装置において、前記投光手段とガラス壜と
の間に設置され、投光手段から壜口部に入射する光のう
ち、斜め上方および略水平方向から壜口部に入射する光
を遮断し、斜め下方からの光のみを壜口部に入射させる
ようにする遮光手段を設けたことを特徴とするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a light projecting means for projecting light to a bottle opening of a glass bottle, and a light projecting means opposite to the light projecting means with the glass bottle interposed therebetween. An inspection apparatus provided with photographing means for photographing the bottle portion of the glass bottle from obliquely above, wherein the inspection device is provided between the light projecting means and the glass bottle, and receives light incident on the bottle portion from the light projecting means. Among them, a light shielding means is provided for blocking light incident on the bottle opening from obliquely above and substantially horizontally, and allowing only light from obliquely below to enter the bottle opening.
【０００６】本発明によれば、遮光手段により、壜口部
に入射する光線は斜め下方からの光線に限定されるた
め、壜口部のリップ下部に対応した部分が暗い帯状の画
像となる。壜口部のリップ上部からリップ下部の部分
に、概略垂直平面状の欠陥が形成されている場合には、
暗い帯状の画像の一部が明るく途切れた画像となり、こ
の画像は明暗の差が大きいため、欠陥の検出が確実にで
きる。According to the present invention, the light incident on the bottle opening is limited to light rays obliquely from below by the light shielding means, so that a portion corresponding to the lower portion of the lip of the bottle opening becomes a dark band-like image. When a substantially vertical planar defect is formed from the upper part of the lip to the lower part of the lip,
A part of the dark band image becomes a bright and interrupted image, and since this image has a large difference in brightness, the defect can be reliably detected.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係るガラス壜の口
部検査装置の一実施形態を図１乃至図４を参照して説明
する。図１は本発明に係るガラス壜の口部検査装置の基
本構成を示す模式図である。図１に示すように、検査装
置は、回転台２０に載置されたガラス壜１に投光するた
めの光源３ａと光拡散板３ｂとからなる投光手段３と、
投光手段３とガラス壜１との間に配置され投光手段３か
らの照明光の一部が壜口部２に入射しないようにする遮
光板１０と、ガラス壜１を挟んで投光手段３の反対側に
設置されガラス壜１の壜口部２を斜め上方から撮影する
ＣＣＤカメラからなる撮影手段４と、撮影手段４で撮影
された画像を処理する画像処理装置５とから構成されて
いる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a mouth inspection apparatus for a glass bottle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a mouth inspection apparatus for a glass bottle according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the inspection apparatus includes a light projecting unit 3 including a light source 3a and a light diffusing plate 3b for projecting light onto a glass bottle 1 placed on a turntable 20,
A light-shielding plate 10 disposed between the light projecting means 3 and the glass bottle 1 for preventing a part of the illumination light from the light projecting means 3 from entering the bottle opening 2; The photographing means 4 comprises a CCD camera which is installed on the opposite side of the photographing device 3 and photographs the bottle opening 2 of the glass bottle 1 from obliquely above, and an image processing device 5 which processes an image photographed by the photographing means 4. I have.
【０００８】上述の構成において、回転台２０によって
壜１を回転させながら、撮影手段４によってガラス壜１
の壜口部２を撮影し多数の画面を得る。この場合、投光
手段３によってガラス壜１の壜口部２が照明されると、
一部の照明光は壜口部２を透過して撮影手段４に入射す
る。撮影手段４によって得られた画面を横方向に走査
し、画面内に設定したウインドウ（解析領域）内で近接
した画素毎の明るさを比較し、壜口部２の欠陥の有無を
検査する。In the above arrangement, the bottle 1 is rotated by the turntable 20 while the glass bottle 1 is
Of the bottle portion 2 of the camera to obtain a large number of screens. In this case, when the bottle opening 2 of the glass bottle 1 is illuminated by the light projecting means 3,
Part of the illumination light passes through the bottle opening 2 and enters the photographing unit 4. The screen obtained by the photographing means 4 is scanned in the horizontal direction, the brightness of each adjacent pixel is compared in a window (analysis area) set in the screen, and the presence or absence of a defect in the bottle 2 is inspected.
【０００９】図２は、本発明の遮光板の作用を説明する
模式図であり、ガラス壜１は壜口部２を拡大して図示し
ている。図２に示すように、壜口部２は、最上部にあり
凸の曲面からなるリップ上部２ａ１と、その下方にあり
凹の曲面からなるリップ下部２ａ２と、さらに下方にあ
り凸の曲面からなるカブラと呼ばれる部分２ａ３とから
なっている。リップ上部２ａ１とリップ下部２ａ２を合
わせてリップ部２ａ（図５参照）と云う。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the light-shielding plate of the present invention, and the glass bottle 1 is shown with the bottle opening 2 enlarged. As shown in FIG. 2, the bottle opening 2 has a lip upper portion 2 a 1 at the uppermost portion and formed of a convex curved surface, a lip lower portion 2 a 2 at a lower portion thereof formed of a concave curved surface, and a further lower and convex curved surface. It is made from the portion 2a 3 Metropolitan called turnip consisting. Called lip 2a (see FIG. 5) and the combined lip upper 2a 1 and the lip bottom 2a 2.
【００１０】光源３ａから出射した光線は、拡散板３ｂ
を通過させることにより多方向へ拡散されて、いたる方
向から壜口部２へ入射し、一部は反射されるが、入射し
た光は屈折をし、一部は壜外部へ透過する。従って、壜
口部２の壜内面を斜め上方（図示する撮影手段４の方
向）から観察すると、当該部分は全体がぼんやりと明る
く見える。したがって、撮影手段４で得られた画像は、
ぼんやりと明るい画像となる。The light beam emitted from the light source 3a is
Is passed through and diffused in multiple directions, enters the bottle opening 2 from all directions, and is partially reflected, but the incident light is refracted and partially transmitted to the outside of the bottle. Accordingly, when observing the inner surface of the bottle of the bottle opening portion 2 from obliquely above (in the direction of the photographing means 4 shown in the figure), the entire portion looks vaguely bright. Therefore, the image obtained by the photographing means 4 is
Blurry and bright images.
【００１１】リップ上部２ａ１は凸の曲面であり、リッ
プ下部２ａ２は逆に凹の曲面となっている。従って、壜
口外部から入射する光線に対しては、上半部（リップ上
部２ａ１）は凸レンズとして、また下半部（リップ下部
２ａ２）は凹レンズとして作用し、入射光に対し屈折を
生じさせる。正確には壜口は水平面内において円形状を
なすため、単純にレンズと同様の屈折を生じさせるもの
ではないが、本発明の原理を解析するにあたっては上述
のように単純化しても差し支えない。[0011] Lip upper 2a 1 is a curved surface convex, lip lower 2a 2 has a concave curved surface in reverse. Therefore, the upper half (lip upper portion 2a 1 ) acts as a convex lens and the lower half (lip lower portion 2a 2 ) acts as a concave lens for a light beam incident from outside the bottle, and refracts the incident light. Let it. To be precise, since the bottle is circular in a horizontal plane, it does not simply cause refraction similar to that of a lens. However, in analyzing the principle of the present invention, the bottleneck may be simplified as described above.
【００１２】遮光板１０は投光手段３と壜口部２の間に
設置して、通常、光を透過しない金属等の板が用いられ
る。遮光板１０の最下端部を壜口天面の高さよりも徐々
に下げていくと、遮光板１０の最下端部がある位置（図
２のＰ１）に達すると、撮影手段４によって撮影された
画面中に暗い連続した円弧状の線が形成され始める。こ
れはリップ下部２ａ２に入射し、ここを透過して撮影手
段４に入射していた光が遮光板１０によって遮光された
ため、撮影手段４にはその方向からは光が受光されず、
暗い連続した線の画像として形成されるためである。The light-shielding plate 10 is provided between the light projecting means 3 and the bottle opening 2 and is usually made of a metal or the like which does not transmit light. When the lowermost end of the light-shielding plate 10 is gradually lowered below the height of the bottle top, when the lowermost end of the light-shielding plate 10 reaches a certain position (P 1 in FIG. 2), an image is taken by the photographing means 4. A continuous dark arc-shaped line starts to be formed in the screen. It enters the lip bottom 2a 2, the light which has been incident on the photographing means 4 is blocked by the light blocking plate 10 passes through the case, light is not received is from the direction the imaging unit 4,
This is because the image is formed as a dark continuous line image.
【００１３】遮光板１０によって遮光される光は、斜め
上方及び略水平方向からのものであって、その他の方向
（例えば、Ｅ点を含む斜め下方）からは光は壜口部２に
入射している。そのため、リップ上部２ａ１へは斜め下
方向から光が入射し、ここで下方に屈折してリップ上部
２ａ１を透過して撮影手段４に受光されるので、リップ
下部２ａ２に対応した部分に暗い連続した線が生じてい
る時でも、リップ上部２ａ１はぼんやりと明るい画像と
なる。暗い連続した線がリップ下部２ａ２に対応した部
分に形成されることは、リップ下部２ａ２に入射し屈折
して撮影手段４に進行する光が、遮光されている方向
（斜め上方及び略水平方向）からの入射光にのみ依存し
ていることを示している。The light shielded by the light shielding plate 10 is obliquely upward and substantially horizontally. Light from other directions (eg, obliquely downward including the point E) enters the bottle opening 2. ing. Therefore, light is incident from obliquely downward direction to the lip upper 2a 1, wherein since the refracted downward is received by the imaging means 4 is transmitted through the lip upper 2a 1, a portion corresponding to the lip lower 2a 2 even when it occurs dark continuous line, lip upper 2a 1 becomes vaguely bright image. The dark continuous line is formed in a portion corresponding to the lip lower 2a 2, the light traveling in the lip lower 2a 2 enters the refracted and imaging means 4, light-shielded by being a direction (obliquely upward and substantially horizontal Direction).
【００１４】次に、撮影手段４の画面に暗い連続した円
弧状の線が形成され始めた時に、遮光板１０の最下端を
通過する光の、Ｐ１点を通過した後の経路を解析する。
正確にはＰ１点で暗い連続した線が形成され始めるか
ら、Ｐ１点よりもごくわずか下の点を通過した光を解析
していることとなるがここではＰ１点と記載する。後述
するＰ２点を通過する光を解析する場合も同様である。
Ｐ１点を通過した光は直進し、リップ下部２ａ２の外側
Ａ１点に入射する。このリップ下部２ａ２は凹曲面レン
ズとして作用するので、入射した光はＡ１点で上方に屈
折され、内面部のＡ２点に達し、ここで透過時に更に上
方に屈折されるため、Ａ３点を通って撮影手段４に入射
する。[0014] Next, when the dark continuous arcuate line on the screen of the imaging means 4 is started to be formed, of the light passing through the lowermost end of the light shielding plate 10, to analyze the path after passing through the point P .
Since precisely begin to form a dark continuous line at one point P, but the fact that by analyzing the light that has passed through a very slight lower point than a point P referred to as a point P in this case. When analyzing the light passing through the P 2 points to be described later is the same.
The light passing through the P 1 points straight, enters the outer A 1 point of the lip bottom 2a 2. This lip lower 2a 2 acts as a concave surface lens, since the incident light is refracted upward at one point A, reaching A 2-point of the inner surface portion is further refracted upward in transmission wherein, A 3 The light enters the photographing means 4 through a point.
【００１５】次に、遮光板１０を更に下げてＰ２点にし
た場合、Ｐ２点を通過した光も同様にＣ１点に入射し上
方に屈折され、内面部のＣ２点に達し、ここで透過時に
更に上方に屈折されるため、Ｃ３点を通って撮影手段４
に入射する。遮光板１０をＰ １点からＰ２点に下げた場
合、投光手段３からＰ１点からＰ２点に至る部分を通っ
てリップ下部２ａ２のＡ１点〜Ｃ１点間に入射する光は
遮光されるため、図２のＡ３点およびＣ３点に到達する
光は存在せず、したがって、撮影手段４の画面中にリッ
プ下部２ａ２に対応した箇処に所定の幅を有する暗い帯
状の画像が形成される。Next, the light-shielding plate 10 is further lowered to2To a point
If2Similarly, the light passing through the point1Incident on a point
Refracted toward the inner surface2Reaches a point, where it is transmitted
Since it is refracted further upward, C3Shooting means 4 through a point
Incident on. Light shield plate 10 1P from the point2Place
When the light emitting means 31P from the point2Through the part to the point
Lower lip 2a2A1Point to C1The light that enters between the points
Since the light is shielded, A in FIG.3Dot and C3Reach the point
There is no light, and therefore,
Lower part 2a2Dark band with a certain width at the place corresponding to
An image in the shape of a circle is formed.
【００１６】上述のように、遮光板１０の最下端をＰ２
点に設定した場合、投光手段３から壜口部２のリップ上
部２ａ１およびリップ下部２ａ２に入射する光は斜め下
方のみからとなる。リップ上部２ａ１は凸曲面レンズと
して作用するので、リップ上部２ａ１に入射した光は下
方に屈折し撮影手段４に入射する。一方、リップ下部２
ａ２は凹曲面レンズとして作用するので、リップ下部２
ａ２に入射した光は上方に屈折し撮影手段４に入射しな
い。そのため、図３に示すように、撮影手段４によって
得られた画面中には、ぼんやりと明るい画像Ｇａと、ぼ
んやりと明るい画像Ｇａ中に所定の幅を有する暗い帯状
の画像Ｇｂが形成される。この場合、図１に示すように
遮光板１０の下端と壜口天面を延長した水平面とのなす
角度（θ １）と、壜口天面の中心を通る撮影手段４の光
軸４Ｌと前記水平面とのなす角度（θ２）とが所望の値
に設定されていることが上述の作用が得られる前提であ
り、θ１は５゜〜２０゜に設定されており、θ２は１０
゜〜６０゜に設定されている。As described above, the lowermost end of the light shielding plate 10 is P2
When set to a point, the light is projected from the light emitting means 3 onto the lip of the bottle
Part 2a1And lower lip 2a2The light incident on is obliquely below
Only from one person. Upper lip 2a1Is a convex curved lens
Lip upper part 2a1Light incident on
The light is refracted toward the imaging means 4. On the other hand, lip lower 2
a2Acts as a concave curved lens, so that
a2Is refracted upward and does not enter the photographing means 4.
No. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
In the obtained screen, a faintly bright image Ga and
Dark band with a certain width in a bright image Ga
Is formed. In this case, as shown in FIG.
The lower end of the light-shielding plate 10 and the horizontal surface extending the top surface of the bottle mouth
Angle (θ 1) And the light of the photographing means 4 passing through the center of the bottle top
The angle (θ) between the axis 4L and the horizontal plane2) And the desired value
Is set on the assumption that the above-mentioned effect is obtained.
And θ1Is set to 5 ° to 20 °, θ2Is 10
It is set to {-60}.
【００１７】次に、壜口部に欠陥を有する場合を図２を
参照して説明する。図２に示すように、壜口部２にはリ
ップ上部２ａ１からリップ下部２ａ２にわたる部分をほ
ぼ垂直面で切取った形状の欠陥２ｂがある。分かりやす
いように欠陥がない場合に解析した遮光板１０が点Ｐ１
にある場合のＰ１点を通過して、リップ下部２ａ２に入
射する光で考察すると、欠陥はリップ下部２ａ２を縦方
向に剥離するように生じる場合が多いため、当該光は欠
陥により形成された面上のＢ１点に入射する。Ｂ１点で
入射した光の屈折方向は、欠陥により形成された面の形
状によるが、例えば図示したようなほぼ垂直な平面であ
れば、欠陥がない場合とは異なった方向へ屈折されＢ２
点に達し、ここで透過時に屈折する。また遮光板を少し
下げた場合、Ｐ２点を通過した光はＤ１点に入射し屈折
されＤ２点に達し、ここで透過時に屈折する。一方、遮
光されていない斜め下方のＦ点から欠陥部Ａ４点に入射
した光は、欠陥がない場合の光の経路と同じ経路（Ａ２
→Ａ３）を進行し、撮影手段４に入射するため、この当
該欠陥部分が明るい画像となる。Next, a case where the bottle mouth has a defect will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the bottle mouth portion 2 has a defect 2b having a shape cut a portion from the lip top 2a 1 over lip lower 2a 2 substantially in the vertical plane. Straightforward defects as was analyzed in the absence shielding plate 10 is the point P 1
Passes through the P 1 point in the case in the formation, when considered in the light incident on the lip bottom 2a 2, since in many cases defects occur so as to peel off the lip bottom 2a 2 in the vertical direction, by the light defect It enters the B 1 point on is surface. Refraction direction of the light incident at one point B, depending on the shape of the surface formed by the defect, for example if the substantially vertical plane as illustrated, is refracted in a direction different from the case where there is no defect B 2
A point is reached where it is refracted when transmitted. In the case of lowering the shielding plate slightly, the light passing through the P 2 point reaches two points D is incident and refracted to a point D, refracted in transmission here. Meanwhile, light incident on the defective portion A 4-point from point F obliquely downward that are not shielded, same path of light when there is no defect (A 2
→ A 3 ) proceeds and enters the photographing means 4, so that the defective portion becomes a bright image.
【００１８】このように、欠陥がない場合とある場合で
は入射光の屈折方向が異なるので、欠陥部以外の部分で
は光が遮光され、撮影手段４の画面中には暗い帯状の画
像が形成されても、欠陥がある場合は欠陥部分に入射し
た光は異なった方向へ屈折され、この異なった方向に屈
折した光が撮影手段４に入射する。そのため、この部分
は明るい画像が形成されることとなり、結果として、図
４に示すように暗い帯状の画像Ｇｂの一部が途切れたよ
うな画像が形成される。従って、画像処理装置５におい
て、この画像の途切れの有無を判定すれば欠陥を検出す
ることができる。As described above, the direction of refraction of the incident light is different between the case where there is no defect and the case where there is a defect. Therefore, the light is shielded at portions other than the defective portion, and a dark band-like image is formed on the screen of the photographing means 4. However, if there is a defect, the light incident on the defective portion is refracted in a different direction, and the light refracted in the different direction enters the photographing means 4. Therefore, a bright image is formed in this portion, and as a result, an image in which a part of the dark band image Gb is interrupted is formed as shown in FIG. Therefore, the image processing device 5 can detect a defect by determining whether or not the image is interrupted.
【００１９】次に、欠陥の判断方法を説明する。撮影手
段４は、前述したようにＣＣＤカメラを用い、これによ
り撮影された画像を解析して暗い帯の途切れの有無を判
定する。図３および図４に示すように、撮影された画像
の暗い帯の一部を含む解析領域Ｗを設定し、この領域の
各画素の明度を水平方向に数画素離れたものを順番に比
較して行う。例えば、解析領域の右端の画素の明度を順
番に水平方向に比較し、一定値以上の明度差があれば帯
が切れているものと判断する。また、リップ部一周にわ
たって比較判断を行うためには、回転台２０により壜１
を回転させて、複数の画面を撮影し、これらの画像処理
を行えば全周にわたり判定を行うことができる。Next, a method of determining a defect will be described. The photographing means 4 uses the CCD camera as described above, analyzes the image photographed by the CCD camera, and determines whether or not there is a break in the dark band. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an analysis area W including a part of a dark band of a captured image is set, and the brightness of each pixel in this area is compared in order in a case where the brightness is several pixels apart in the horizontal direction. Do it. For example, the brightness of the rightmost pixel of the analysis area is sequentially compared in the horizontal direction, and if there is a brightness difference of a certain value or more, it is determined that the band is broken. Further, in order to make a comparison judgment over one round of the lip portion, the bottle 1 is rotated by the turntable 20.
By rotating the camera, a plurality of screens are photographed, and the image processing is performed, the determination can be made over the entire circumference.
【００２０】遮光により形成される暗い帯の縦方向幅
は、途切れの判断に必要最小限であればよい。リップ部
に異物等が混入した壜は従来技術で説明したように、こ
れを暗部として検出できるが、帯の幅が広すぎると異物
により形成される暗い画像陰影がこの中に含まれ、検出
できなくなるからである。また、実施例では遮光板を投
光手段から離して設置しているが、投光手段と壜の距離
を調整すれば、投光手段の前面の上部に遮光板を取付け
て投光面の上部を遮蔽しても同様の効果が得られるた
め、いずれの手段によるかは適宜選択すればよい。The vertical width of the dark band formed by shading may be the minimum necessary for judging a break. As described in the related art, a bottle in which a foreign material or the like is mixed in the lip portion can be detected as a dark portion. However, if the width of the band is too wide, a dark image shadow formed by the foreign material is included in the bottle and cannot be detected. Because it is gone. Further, in the embodiment, the light shielding plate is set apart from the light emitting means. However, if the distance between the light emitting means and the bottle is adjusted, the light shielding plate is attached to the upper part of the front surface of the light emitting means and the upper part of the light emitting surface. Since the same effect can be obtained even if the light is shielded, it is only necessary to appropriately select which method is used.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
ガラス壜の壜口部に欠け等の欠陥がある場合には、欠陥
部の画像が正常部とは明瞭に区別できる画像となり、欠
陥を確実に検出できる。As described above, according to the present invention,
If there is a defect such as a chip in the bottle portion of the glass bottle, the image of the defective portion becomes an image that can be clearly distinguished from the normal portion, and the defect can be reliably detected.
【図１】本発明に係るガラス壜の口部検査装置の基本構
成を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a basic configuration of a mouth inspection apparatus for a glass bottle according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明の遮光板の作用を説明する模式図であ
り、ガラス壜は壜口部を拡大して図示している。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the light-shielding plate of the present invention, in which a glass bottle is shown with a bottle opening enlarged.
【図３】本発明の撮影手段によって得られた欠陥がない
場合の壜口部の画像を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a view showing an image of a bottle in a case where there is no defect obtained by the photographing means of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の撮影手段によって得られた欠陥がある
場合の壜口部の画像を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing an image of a bottle in a case where there is a defect obtained by the photographing means of the present invention.
【図５】ガラス壜の全体および壜口部を示す図であり、
図５（ａ）はガラス壜の全体を示す断面図、図５（ｂ）
は壜口部の正面図、図５（ｃ）は壜口部の平面図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a view showing the entire glass bottle and the bottle mouth;
FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing the entire glass bottle, and FIG.
FIG. 5C is a front view of the bottle opening, and FIG. 5C is a plan view of the bottle opening.
１ ガラス壜 ２ 壜口部 ２ａ１ リップ上部 ２ａ２ リップ下部 ２ｂ 欠陥 ３ 投光手段 ４ 撮影手段 ５ 画像処理装置 １０ 遮光板 ２０ 回転台DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glass bottle 2 Bottle opening 2a 1 Upper lip 2a 2 Lower lip 2b Defect 3 Light emitting means 4 Imaging means 5 Image processing device 10 Light shielding plate 20 Turntable
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 後藤 一義 東京都中央区新川２丁目10番１号 麒麟麦 酒株式会社内 (72)発明者 岩渕 敦 東京都中央区新川２丁目10番１号 麒麟麦 酒株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2G051 AA13 AB02 BB01 CA03 CA04 CA06 CB02 CC07 DA08 EA16 EB01 ED01 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Goto 2-10-1, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Kirin Mugi Sake Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Iwabuchi 2-1-1, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Kirin Beer Sake Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2G051 AA13 AB02 BB01 CA03 CA04 CA06 CB02 CC07 DA08 EA16 EB01 ED01
Claims (2)
と、ガラス壜を挟んで前記投光手段の反対側に設置され
ガラス壜の壜口部を斜め上方から撮影する撮影手段とを
備えた検査装置において、 前記投光手段とガラス壜との間に設置され、投光手段か
ら壜口部に入射する光のうち、斜め上方および略水平方
向から壜口部に入射する光を遮断し、斜め下方からの光
のみを壜口部に入射させるようにする遮光手段を設けた
ことを特徴とするガラス壜の口部検査装置。1. A light projecting means for projecting light to a bottle opening of a glass bottle, and a photographing means installed on the opposite side of the light projecting means with the glass bottle interposed, for photographing the bottle opening of the glass bottle from obliquely above. In the inspection device provided with, between the light emitting means and the glass bottle, of the light incident on the bottle opening from the light emitting means, the light incident on the bottle opening from obliquely upward and substantially horizontal direction A mouth inspection apparatus for a glass bottle, comprising a light shielding means for blocking light and allowing only light from obliquely below to enter the bottle mouth.
部全面にわたり検査可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項
１記載のガラス壜の口部検査装置。2. An apparatus for inspecting a mouth of a glass bottle according to claim 1, wherein a bottle rotating means for rotating the bottle is provided so that the entire surface of the bottle can be inspected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37458098A JP3592114B2 (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Glass bottle mouth inspection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37458098A JP3592114B2 (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Glass bottle mouth inspection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000193605A true JP2000193605A (en) | 2000-07-14 |
| JP3592114B2 JP3592114B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=18504080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37458098A Expired - Fee Related JP3592114B2 (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Glass bottle mouth inspection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3592114B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5108991B1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-12-26 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Glass container mouth lip scratch inspection method and apparatus |
| JP2014134537A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-07-24 | Kirin Techno-System Co Ltd | Glass bottle inspection apparatus |
| JP2015036648A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-23 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Apparatus and method for measuring boundary step difference |
| WO2020179746A1 (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | Imaging device |
-
1998
- 1998-12-28 JP JP37458098A patent/JP3592114B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5108991B1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-12-26 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Glass container mouth lip scratch inspection method and apparatus |
| WO2013128538A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-06 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Method and apparatus for inspecting flaw on lip section of mouth of glass-container |
| JP2014134537A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-07-24 | Kirin Techno-System Co Ltd | Glass bottle inspection apparatus |
| JP2015036648A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-23 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Apparatus and method for measuring boundary step difference |
| WO2020179746A1 (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | Imaging device |
| JP2020142316A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | Photographing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3592114B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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